@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b

Originalni tekst na bitcoin-balkan.com.

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Pregled sadržaja

1. Koji Bitcoin Novčanici su Dostupni?
2. Šta je Mnemonic Oporavak ili Seed Fraza sa 12 ili 24 Reči?
3. Kako Čuvati Seed Frazu
4. Saveti za Osiguravanje Vaše Seed Fraze
5. Šta će se Desiti sa Vašim Bitcoin-om Nakon što Umrete?
6. Kako Koristite Seed Frazu za Oporavak Vašeg Novčanika?
7. Ako je Vaša Seed Fraza Sigurna, Biće i Vaša Sredstava!

Za one koji tek ulaze u igru sa kriptovalutama, šansa da vaša Bitcoin sredstva ne budu sigurna i zaštićena može biti pomalo zastrašujuća. Srećom, postoji mnogo user-friendly Bitcoin novčanika, i svaki od njih ima izvrsnu funkciju rezervne kopije, koja vam omogućava trenutan povraćaj Bitcoin sredstava, ako vaš uređaj na kome se nalazi novčanik ikada bude zagubljen ili izgubljen. Ova funkcija, poznata kao „seed fraza“, ili seed fraza za oporavak, predstavlja jedinstveni niz reči koje će vaš novčanik generisati, i koje deluju kao password za vaše lične Bitcoin podatke. Ovaj skup reči omogućava trenutni povraćaj vaših bitcoin sredstava.

Iako možete lako zapostaviti svoju seed frazu, misleći da ćete se kasnije pozabaviti sa njom, uvek je najbolje biti proaktivan kada je reč o osiguranju zaštite vaše fraze za oporavak. Fraza za oporavak je vaša rezervna kopija – pa iako vam neće trebati svaki dan, biće kritična u slučaju da vam se novčanik pokvari. Takođe, fraza za oporavak može da omogući svima pristup vašem bitcoin-u, pa je zato veoma važno da se ona čuva na sigurnom.

U ovom članku, prikazaću vam:

1. Spisak glavnih Bitcoin hardware novčanika koje možete koristiti za skladištenje vaših Bitcoin-a.
2. Sveobuhvatan pregled mnogih metoda koje možete koristiti za čuvanje vaše seed fraze
3. Razne prednosti i mane za svaku od njih
4. Saveti koje možete da koristite da biste maksimizirali ukupnu sigurnost svoje seed fraze
5. Kako sigurno čuvati vašu seed frazu
6. Kako proslediti svoj Bitcoin u slučaju vaše smrti

Kada završite sa čitanjem, trebalo bi da ste na dobrom putu da čuvate svoju seed frazu koristeći najsigurnija i najpouzdanija dostupna sredstva, obezbeđujući najveću zaštitu svojih Bitcoin sredstava bez obzira na to šta se sa vama ili vašim digitalnim uređajima dogodi u budućnosti. Za početak ćemo dati brzi pregled hardware novčanika i šta tačno predstavlja fraza za oporavak.

Koji Bitcoin Novčanici su Dostupni?

Ispod ćete pronaći listu od nekoliko najpopularnijih novčanika koji su dostupni danas. Softverski novčanici rade na vašem telefonu ili računaru, dok su hardware novčanici namenski delovi hardvera (poput specijalizovanog fleš diska) koji omogućavaju lak i siguran pristup vašem bitcoin-u uz jaku sigurnost.

• Coldcard (hardverski novčanik)
• Blockstream Jade (hardverski novčanik)
• Electrum (softverski novčanik)
• Sparrow (softverski novčanik)

Svaki od ovih novčanika će vam dati seed frazu, koja se sastoji od 12 ili 24 reči, što će vam omogućiti pristup svim bitcoin adresama povezanim sa vašim novčanikom – a samim tim i svim vašim sredstvima.

Šta je Mnemonic Oporavak ili Seed Fraza sa 12 ili 24 Reči?

Najjednostavnije rečeno, seed fraza je niz određenih reči u kojima se nalaze sve potrebne informacije kako bi se u potpunosti povratila vaša Bitcoin sredstva. Koji god novčanik odlučite da koristite, generisaće jedinstvenu seed frazu, posebno za vas, a taj softver će vas uputiti da čuvate seed frazu na neki način, gde će biti dostupna u slučaju nužde. Seed fraza će biti jedinstvena i obično sadrži od 12 ili 24 reči, od kojih se neke mogu ponoviti. Pre nego što sačuvate seed frazu, pročitajte odeljak 4) sa našim savetima!

Seed fraza omogućava pristup vašim bitcoin sredstvima svima koji je poseduju- omogućavajući vam da povratite sredstava ako vam se novčanik pokvari, ili omogućavajući lopovu da dobije pristup vašim bitcoin-ima.

To čini vašu seed frazu vrednom poput zlatne poluge. Zbog toga je pravilno čuvanje vaše seed fraze veoma važno – morate uravnotežiti lak način oporavka i sigurnost protiv krađe i hakovanja. Međutim, s obzirom da je vaša seed fraza samo niz reči, ona se može snimati i skladištiti na mnogo jednostavniji način (i mnogo jeftinije!) od zlatne poluge – čineći je potencijalno mnogo sigurnijom.

Primarna svrha seed fraze je da ima neku vrstu fizičkog sredstva za povraćaj Bitcoin sredstava ako vas izneveri novčanik. To uključuje ako vam se sruši sistem na računaru, ako vam se ošteti hard disk, izgubite telefon ili razbijete hardware novčanik – u svakom slučaju gde vaš novčanik postane nepristupačan.

Seed fraze zasnivaju se na specifikacijama otvorenog koda kompatibilnim sa Bitcoin protokolom, što znači da dok god imate svoju seed frazu, možete koristiti mnoge druge vrste novčanika da biste povratili pristup svom bitcoin-u. Recimo da danas posedujete Trezor, ali za 10 godina vam se uređaj pokvari ili Trezor prestane da posluje – možete jednostavno kupiti drugačiji hardware novčanik ili skinuti novčanik na svoj telefon, i pomoću svoje seed fraze povratiti pristup svojim bitcoin-ima.

Kako seed fraza funkcioniše?

Seed fraze funkcionišu slično kao i bilo koji drugi oblik koda, pri čemu svaka reč predstavlja numeričku vrednost koju novčanik razume. Fraze se generišu nasumično na osnovu unapred određene baze reči. Iako ponekad imate mogućnost da smislite sopstvenu seed frazu, omogućavanje novčaniku da generiše seed frazu je najbolja opcija za vašu sigurnost.

Jedna od prednosti koja je svojstvena prirodi seed fraza je ta što se u njima koriste stvarne prepoznatljive reči na engleskom jeziku koje se mogu izvesti i upamtiti bez obzira na male greške kao rezultat ružnog rukopisa. Ovo je suprotno od mnogih drugih nasumično generisanih passworda, gde svaki karakter mora biti jasno čitljiv da bi se password mogao pravilno kreirati, jer su oni jednostavno niz slučajnih karaktera. Stoga seed fraze imaju i prednosti randomizacije, kao i prednosti lako prepoznatljivih i uobičajenih reči.

Zašto Niko Ne Može da Predpostavi Seed Frazu?

Mogli biste da pomislite da bi niz od 24 reči možda bio lak nekome da ga pretpostavi, ili da bi nekome bilo isplativo da napravi računarski ciklus mogućih kombinacija, dok ne pronadje novčanik koji sadrži neke bitcoin-e kako bi mogao da ih ukrade.

Reči za frazu za oporavak ili seed frazu dolaze sa liste koja se sastoji od 2048 reči – pa čak i seed od 12 reči za Bitcoin novčanik ima 2048^12 kombinacija ili 2^132. Procenjuje se da u univerzumu postoji 10^21 zvezda, pa je nepotrebno reći da ovo predstavlja mnogo mogućih kombinacija. Čak i kada bi svaki čovek na Zemlji danas imao 1.000.000 novčanika (čak i bez adresa), to bi iznosilo samo 7.800.000.000.000.000 novčanika – što je oko 2^53. Ovo čini negde oko polovine mogućih kombinacija, ali to bi sakrilo snagu eksponencijalnog rasta.

Kada bi svi na svetu imali po 1.000.000 bitcoin novčanika, mi bismo i dalje koristili samo 0.000000000000000000000001654% od svih mogućih novčanika. To je neuporedivo teže nego pronaći jedno određeno zrno peska u celokupnom pesku koji se nalazi na Zemlji.

Čak i taj pronalazak određenog zrna peska na ovoj plaži bila bi kao šetnja parkom nasuprot pogađanju bilo koje random seed fraze.

Dakle, prilično je sigurno reći da niko uskoro neće pokušati da pogadja bitcoin novčanike. Bila bi potrebna vojska računara i veoma dugačak vremenski period da se pronadje samo jedan novčanik sa sredstvima u tom prostranstvu.

Kako Čuvati Seed Frazu

Neverovatno je važno kako zapisujete i skladištite svoju seed frazu, s obzirom na ogromnu količinu moći koju će oni koji je poseduju imati nad vašim Bitcoin sredstvima. Takođe, budući da je poenta seed fraze da bude lako dostupna gde i kada vam zatreba, čuvanje na nekom sigurnom, ali i pristupačnom mestu, je neophodno. Specifična metoda koju koristite za transkripciju vaše seed fraze je takođe važna, bez obzira na to kako se čuva, jer se neke metode transkripcije pokazale mnogo sigurnijim od drugih.

Pogledajte naš odeljak sa savetima, pre nego što zapišete svoju seed frazu!

Preporučujemo vam da fizički sačuvate svoju seed frazu nakon što vam je softver ili hardware novčanik isporuči. Fizičko skladištenje čini vašu seed frazu manje otvorenom za hakere koji bi mogli da vam ukradu frazu za oporavak iz digitalne memorije vašeg računara ili pametnog telefona.. Međutim, mnogi ljudi će i dalje odabrati neki oblik digitalnih sredstava za čuvanje svojih seed fraza, bilo zato što je to dominantno sredstvo ili jednostavno kao dodatni oblik rezervne kopije. Hajde da pogledajmo kako fizička, a tako i digitalna sredstva koja možete koristiti za čuvanje vaše seed fraze, kako se ona koriste, i specifične prednosti i nedostatke svake od njih.

Zapisivanje Vaše Seed fraze – na Papiru ili Digitalno

Zapisivanje Vaše Seed Fraze na Papir

Naravno, najočigledniji metod unošenja vaše digitalne seed fraze u fizički svet je isti onaj metod koji biste obično koristili za unošenje bilo kog drugog oblika pisanja u fizički svet – olovkom i papirom. Jednostavno zapisivanje vaše seed fraze na papir u potpunosti može biti dovoljno da vam pruži sigurnost koju želite. Međutim, postoje neka upozorenja oko upotrebe olovke i papira koja ovu najjednostavniju metodu čine ne baš tako idealnom za čuvanje nečega toliko važnog kao što je seed fraza.

Kao prvo, sam papir je lako uništiv, a o mastilu da i ne govorimo. U slučaju poplave ili požara, papir će biti uništen, što znači da će i vaša seed fraza biti uništena zajedno sa njim. Naravno, ovo su loše vesti i za svakoga ko verovatno gubi i sav svoj hardver i opremu u požaru ili poplavi. Kao drugu stvar, papir je neverovatno lako zagubiti. Može se oduvati, pomešati sa otpadom ili jednostavno pomešati sa nečim drugim i negde izgubiti, i nikada ga više nećete videti. Iz ovih i više drugih razloga, oni koji žele da zapišu svoju seed frazu u fizički svet, često traže sredstva koja su izdržljivija i trajnija od papira.

Graviranje Vaše Seed Fraze na Čeličnoj Back-Up Ploči

Back-up ploče od nerđajućeg čelika su stvorene kako bi korisnici Bitcoin-a imali način da trajnije urežu svoje seed fraze u fizički svet od puke olovke i papira. Napravljene su od nerđajućeg čelika, na koje se vaša seed fraza može trajno urezati. Budući da je gravura napravljena na čeliku, ona će u slučaju požara ili poplave moći da traje mnogo duže od papira. Ploča može biti bilo šta, od male kartice koju možete držati u novčaniku do većeg komada koji se može trajno čuvati kod kuće ili u sefu.

Bilo koju veličinu pločice da izaberete, možete je kupiti zajedno sa alatima za samograviranje (koji nisu uvek u kompletu), što znači da korisnik ne mora da deli svoju seed frazu sa onima od kojih je kupio ploču. Budući da su ove ploče stvorene posebno za potrebe izdržavanja katastrofe, obično sadrže brojne garancije o njihovoj trajnosti, otporne su na bilo koje elemenate koje možete baciti na njih, od vode do vatre, kao i od prekomernog korišćenja i habanja.

Što se tiče back-up ploča od nerđajućeg čelika, svaki proizvođač nudi svoj jedinstveni spin. Pogledajmo 5 najboljih proizvođača back-up ploča od nerđajućeg čelika na tržištu i da vidimo kako su se pokazali:

Cryptosteel

Sa sedištem u Velikoj Britaniji, Cryptosteel nudi čelične „Kapsule“ i „Kasete“ sa cenom u eurima, s tim da je kapsula približno veličine laserskog pokazivača, a kaseta je veličine, pa, kasete. Kapsula košta 74 eura, a kaseta 108 eura, mada se nude popusti za velike narudžbine. Umesto da zahtevaju gravuru, svaka Kaseta ili Kapsula dolazi sa odredjenom količinom čeličnih pločica koje se mogu staviti prema redosledu vaše seed fraze.

Blockplate

Blockplate nudi čelične back-up ploče po ceni od 69 USD za dve – svaka ploča sadrži 12 reči. Njihove verzija jedne ploče, koja izgleda identično, košta 49 USD po paru. Potpuno četvrtaste i malo manje od podmetača, ove ploče vam omogućavaju da svoju seed frazu sačuvate na mreži koristeći samo prosti udarac u sredinu, nisu potrebne pločice sa slovima.

Coldbit

Coldbit nudi heavy-duty kartice sa futrolama po ceni od 69 eura i setove za graviranje za dodatnih 20 eura. Takođe se možete odlučiti da sami uradite graviranje pomoću alata koji imate kod kuće, a koji može urezati čelik, poput dijamantske Dremel burgije. Oslanjajući se na čistu doslovnu transkripciju sličnu Hodlinox pločama, ove ploče ipak nude malo veću zaštitu i neke sjajne dizajne.

Billfold by Privacy Pros

Preimenovan u Privacy Pros, brend Billfold je i dalje dostupan po ceni od 89 USD. Koristi dizajn kartice vrlo sličan Cryptosteel Kaseti, sa malim pločicama koje slažete da biste formirali svoju seed frazu.

Kriptovanje Vaše Seed Fraze i Njeno Digitalno Skladištenje

Iako se generalno preporučuje da svoju seed frazu ne skladištite digitalno, oni koji su bolje upućeni u digitalnu bezbednost, ovo mogu videti kao floskulu koja se može ignorisati. Iako laici sigurno ne bi smeli da šalju i primaju svoje seed fraze e-mailom, pravilno digitalno kriptovanje i skladištenje sredstvima poput cloud-a ili USB fleš memorije mogu biti jednako sigurna i bezbedna sredstva za skladištenje, kao i fizička sredstva, poput čeličnih back-up ploča. Takođe, kada se oba sredstva koriste zajedno, to vam pruža krajnju mrežu rezervnih kopija u slučaju bilo kakvih hitnih slučajeva.

Kriptovanje možda nije nešto što je lako za svakoga, ali postoje mnoge treće strane koji će se pobrinuti da odrade kriptovanje za vas. Obavezno diskonektujte računar sa Interneta dok unosite seed u računar i izvodite kriptovanje – ne verujte online uslugama kriptovanja!

Odatle, na vama ostaje da odlučite kako ćete da je čuvate, bilo na cloud-u ili na USB fleš memoriji. Prednost čuvanja na cloud-u je u tome što podaci nisu povezani ni sa jednim fizičkim uređajem i može im se pristupiti sa bilo kog mesta pomoću passworda na cloud-u. Međutim, to takođe znači da su podaci nešto pristupačniji nego da se čuvaju na USB fleš memoriji. Zapamtite da ako se odlučite za USB fleš memoriju, ona možda neće moći da se izdrži protiv požara i vode, baš kao što to mogu prosti nefizički podaci na cloud-u. Fleš memorija koja se koristi na USB-u takođe nije dizajnirana da traje duže od 10 godina, pa imajte i to na umu.

Digitalno čuvanje seed fraze preporučujem isključivo informatičarima tj ljudima sa dosta iskustva u kriptiranju informacija. Za 99% nas čekič i čelična pločica koju čuvamo na 2 ili 3 mesta + dodatna 13. ili 25. reč je najbolje rešenje.

Gde i Kako Čuvati Svoju Seed Frazu

Bez obzira da li ste odlučili da svoju seed frazu sačuvate na čeličnoj ploči, USB-u ili jednostavno na parčetu papira, moraćete da je stavite negde – a idealno bi bilo da je stavite na više mesta u slučaju da se jedna uništi ili izgubi.

Najbolji savet koji mogu da vam dam je gde ne trebate da čuvate svoju seed frazu. Na kraju, mesto na koje stavite svoju seed frazu najbolje je da sačuvate za sebe, i zato evo nekoliko mesta na koja definitivno ne želite da stavite seed frazu, ako želite da izbegnete da upadne u pogrešne ruke.

Ne Čuvajte Svoju Seed Frazu u…

1. Sef u Banci: Izgleda kao odlično mesto, zar ne? Pogrešno – banke prave greške, a kako sefovi postaju sve manje popularni, one prave još više grešaka!
2. Sef u Kući: Opet se čini kao odlično mesto – međutim, ovo je prvo mesto koje će provalnik potražiti. Čak i ako ne mogu da otvore sef, većinu malih kućnih sefova moguće je lako premestiti i odneti u kolicima, i kasnije ih razbiti.
3. Ispod Kreveta ili Dušeka: Klasično mesto za skrivanje novca, takođe je jedno od prvih mesta koje će provalnik pogledati.
4. U Frižideru: Možda mislite da maskiranje vašeg seed-a u posudi za hranu izgleda kao dobar način zabune, ali ovo je uobičajena taktika za skrivanje dragocenosti, pa bi provalnici mogli potražiti i ovde.
5. Ormarić za Nakit ili Fioke za Veš: To su uobičajena mesta za čuvanje drugih vrsta dragocenosti, pa će ih provalnik brzo pokrasti.

Budite kreativni, ali ne toliko kreativni da izgubite seed frazu, jer ne možete da se setite gde ste je sakrili.

Takođe je važno razmotriti i mogućnost pravljenja rezervnih kopija vašeg seed-a na više lokacija. Na taj način, čak i ako je jedno mesto potpuno uništeno (recimo da vam oluja odnese kuću), i dalje ćete da imate vaš seed na drugoj lokaciji.

Shamir-ovo Tajno Deljenje – Širite Vašu Frazu za Oporavak

Shamir-ovo Tajno Deljenje (eng. Shamir Secret Sharing), je algoritam koji vam omogućava da svoj seed podelite na više seed-ova koji su sami po sebi beskorisni. Međutim, njihovim rekombinovanjem vratićete vaš seed za oporavak.

Ovo je dobar korak ukoliko želite da podelite vaš seed sa vašim advokatom, računovođom, članovima porodice itd. – jer obezbeđuje da niko od njih nema pristup vašem celom seed-u.

Način na koji Shamir deluje je to što deli vaš seed na više manjih seed-ova koje možete predati pouzdanim pojedincima. Kada postavite Shamir-ov backup, odlučujete koliko ‘deljenja’ želite da kreirate i koliko delova je potrebno za oporavak vašeg celog seeda – na primer, možete da napravite 5 deljenja i kažete da su bilo koja 3 dela potrebna za oporavak vašeg seed-a.

Neki hardware novčanici, poput Trezor Model T, podržavaju Shamir Backups na user-friendly način.

Saveti za Osiguravanje Vaše Seed Fraze

Postoji mnogo opštih stvari koje morate imati na umu kada je reč o držanju vaše seed fraze na sigurnom. Neke od ovih stvari su samo zdrav razum, dok većini ljudi možda ništa neće pasti na pamet bez nečije pomoći. Neće sve metode biti praktične za sve čitaoce, ali imajte na umu da što više bezbednosnih metoda vežbate, vaša seed fraza će biti sigurnija. Učinite koliko god možete da vaša seed fraza bude sigurna i ona će vam biti pri ruci kada vam zatreba.

Ne Pravite Slike ili Screenshotove Vaše Seed Fraze

Ne slikanje vaše seed fraze je dovoljno jednostavno. Svaka slika koju napravite stvara dodatnu spoljnu datoteku koja se može duplirati, izgubiti ili ukrasti. Što je manji digitalni otisak vaše seed fraze, to je bolje. Međutim, postoji mnogo različitih načina na koje se mogu ukrasti fotografije vaše seed fraze, što može iznenaditi prosečnog čitaoca. Prvo, hakeri i ostale treće strane mogu da preuzmu sliku vaše seed fraze putem sigurnosnih kamera, poput onih na bankomatima. Takođe, kamere na računaru, telefonu i drugim ličnim uređajima mogu predstavljati još veći rizik. Iz ovih razloga, umanjivanje ukupne vidljivosti i izloženosti vaše seed fraze, i pre i posle dokumentovanja u fizičkom svetu, je apsolutna potreba.

Ne Izgovarajte Svoju Seed Frazu Naglas – Nikad!

Ako ste ikada razgovarali telefonom i Google Assistant vas je prekinuo, onda znate da vas stalno slušaju. Bilo da ste napolju u javnosti ili ste sami kod kuće, treće strane slušaju. Ako su te treće strane zainteresovane, možda će moći da dobiju pristup vašim ličnim podacima. Iz tog razloga, uzdržavanje od izgovaranja naglas vaše seed fraze treba smatrati vitalnim delom zaštite vaše seed fraze. Lakše je špijunirati nekoga preko zvuka, nego što je to slučaj sa vizuelnim elementima, pa izgovaranje naglas vaše seed fraze čini je mnogo podložnijom presretanju od strane onih koji je mogu zloupotrebiti.

Ne Čuvajte Svoju Seed Frazu u Password Menadžeru

Čuvanje vaše seed fraze u password menadžeru može se činiti sigurnim i prikladnim načinom izrade rezervnih kopija, ali to nosi velike rizike. Seed fraza se mnogo razlikuje od password za recimo vaš Facebook nalog. To je zato što su passwordi samo alati za potvrdu identiteta za centralizovane usluge – što znači da ako izgubite pristup računu ili budete hakovani, možete kontaktirati broj podrške i proći kroz neke korake da biste povratili kontrolu nad svojim nalogom.

Kod Bitcoin-a, prema njegovom dizajnu, ne postoji broj podrške. Ne postoji centralna stranka koja kontroliše Bitcoin transakcije, čineći ga neverovatno slobodnim i otvorenim – ali to takođe znači da morate vrlo ozbiljno da preuzmete odgovornost za svoju seed frazu. Ako padne u pogrešne ruke jer je vaš password menadžer hakovan, možete izgubiti svoje bitcoin-e.

Ne Koristite Online Usluge Oporavka Seed-a

Ako vam neki website traži da unesete svoju seed frazu – čak i ako vam se čini kao pouzdan – dobro razmislite pre nego što to učinite. Većina „usluga online oporavka“ su maskirane prevare, usresredjene samo na kradju seed fraza nevinih ljudi! Ne budi jedan od njih.

Koristite Pristupnu Frazu(dodatnu reč) da Biste Dodali još Sigurnosti

Trezor podešavanje pristupne fraze | Ledger podešavanje pristupne fraze

Ako vaš novčanik podržava dodavanje pristupne fraze, trebalo bi da je koristite. Pristupna fraza je password koji dodate svom seed-u i funkcioniše kao 13. ili 25. reč u vašoj seed frazi. Zbog toga je vaš novčanik mnogo teže ukrasti. Ako se pristupna fraza čuva na drugačijoj lokaciji od vašeg seed-a, vaši bitcoin-i su sigurni čak i ako neko dobije pristup vašoj seed frazi.

Zaštitite Svoju Seed Frazu

Bez obzira da li svoju seed frazu čuvate u digitalnom oblaku ili na čeličnoj ploči, postojanje nekog načina čuvanja koji štiti seed frazu od elemenata kao što su požar i poplava, mora se smatrati obaveznim. Kao što je već rečeno, čelične ploče mogu se napraviti da izdrže većinu katastrofa, a skladištenje na cloud-u pruža nefizička sredstva koja mogu biti jednako sigurna kao i druga sredstva ako koristite pravu enkripciju. Upotreba jednog ili oba ova sredstva može vam pomoći da vam garantuje maksimalnu zaštitu bez obzira na to šta se dogodi.

Koristite Više Metoda za Pravljenje Rezervnih Kopija Kad God Možete

Korišćenje nekoliko različitih metoda za čuvanje vaše seed fraze ima puno prednosti, ali ima i neke nedostatke ako im ne pristupite sa dovoljno pažnje. Iako vam više načina za skladištenje pruža veću zaštitu, to takođe proširuje vaš celokupni profil, što znači da postoji više područja koja su otvorena za napad. Ipak, korišćenje najmanje dve odvojene metode za pravljenje rezervnih kopija obično se smatra dobrom idejom, jer imate rezervne kopije za slučaj da vam se nešto desi! Nikad ne znate šta će se dogoditi, a u tome i jeste poenta seed fraza.

Ograničite Pristup Vašoj Seed Frazi što je Više Moguće

Naravno, neki ljudi mogu da se odluče da svoju seed frazu podele sa pouzdanom trećom stranom, kao sredstvo radi osiguranja njene zaštite, ali, generalno, što je manji broj ljudi sa kojima delite svoju seed frazu, time bolje. Vaša je lična odluka s kim ćete deliti svoju seed frazu, i u vašem je najboljem interesu da to pravo mudro koristite.

Ne Pričajte o Količini Bitcoin-a Koje Posedujete

Nekima je ovo možda najteži savet, ali možda i najvažniji. Ako niko ne zna da imate bitcoin, i koliko ga imate, smanjujete verovatnoću da će neko pokušati da dodje do vaše seed fraze ili novčanika. Zato držite jezik za zubima!

Šta će se Desiti sa Vašim Bitcoin-om Nakon što Umrete?

Kao i sa bilo kojim drugim sredstvom, trebalo bi da imate predstavu o tome kako će se postupati sa vašim Bitcoin-om nakon što umrete. S obzirom da je ovo relativno nova tema, nema puno presedana kada je reč o prenošenju i nasleđivanju Bitcoin-a. Iako mnogi mogu da pomisle da moraju da angažuju advokata, prenošenje Bitcoin-a zaista podrazumeva samo puko prenošenje vaše seed fraze, zajedno sa nekim vašim konkretnim srestvima.

Prilikom pripreme za prosleđivanje vaše seed fraze u slučaju vaše smrti, važno je zapamtiti da prosledite i detaljan zapis o svojoj digitalnoj imovini. Za razliku od fizičkih materijala, digitalna sredstva se ne mogu lako kvantifikovati fizičkom procenom. Ukoliko nije svesna da postoji, ta osoba možda neće znati šta tačno prima. Stoga, ona možda neće zaista primiti ono što ste joj namenili da nasledi. To je takođe razlog zašto bi svi trebali da drže svu svoju imovinu sažetom i što organizovanijom, u slučaju nužde.

Ako razumete engleski jezik preporučujem da pročitate knjigu: Cryptoasset Inheritance Planning od Pamela Morgan

Kako Koristite Seed Frazu za Oporavak Vašeg Novčanika?

Za većinu novčanika, upotreba seed fraze jednostavna je poput pritiskanja pravih tipki i kucanja iste. Odatle, seed fraza će vratiti sav sadržaj i podatke novčanika na bilo koji uređaj koji koristite. Na ovaj način, korišćenje seed fraze znači da možete imati novčanik kod sebe gde god da krenete, bez obzira na sve, čak i ako se novčanik izgubi ili uništi – sve što vam zaista treba je vaša seed fraza.

Opet, ne koristite nikakve online usluge za seed frazu! U najvećem broju slučajeva to su prevare.

Bez obzira da li koristite mobilni novčanik kao što je Muun ili hardware novčanik kao što su Trezor ili Ledger, sredstva za upotrebu vaše seed fraze su u osnovi ista – jedina razlika je hardver koji koristite za to. Kod aplikacija poput Muun jednostavno pokrenete aplikaciju i ona vam daje mogućnost oporavka prethodnog novčanika. Zatim ćete odabrati dužinu svoje seed fraze i uneti je tačno onako kako je prikazana.

Uz hardware novčanike poput onih koje je izradio Trezor, dobićete istu opciju za povratak kada pokrenete uređaj i instalirate firmware. Dobićete isti izbor da odredite dužinu svoje seed fraze, a zatim će zatražiti od vas da je unesete potpuno isto.

Ako je moguče uvjek koristite isti hardware/software wallet prilikom oporavka vaše seed fraze kao što ste koristili kad ste je pravili.

Ako je Vaša Seed Fraza Sigurna, Biće i Vaša Sredstava!

Na kraju dana, važno je da zapamtite da što više brige ulažete u pravilno skladištenje i zaštitu svoje seed fraze, to će vaša sredstva biti sigurnija i za vas i za vaše voljene. Digitalno doba predstavlja širok spektar novih opasnosti, a svet kriptovaluta je leglo za većinu njih.

Ako želite da preduzmete proaktivne mere u obezbeđivanju najveće zaštite vašeg bitcoin-a, čuvanje vaše seed fraze na sigurnom i pristupačnom mestu je neophodno. Vaša seed fraza možda sada ne izgleda kao velika stvar, ali će izgledati kao velika stvar kada dođe vreme da je upotrebite. Ukoliko želite da vi i vaša Bitcoin sredstva budete zaštićeni u slučaju nužde ili čak u slučaju vaše smrti, preduzimanje odgovarajućih sredstava za čuvanje i zaštitu vaše seed fraze je osnovni prvi korak.

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Durante a década de 1990, houve o aumento da globalização da economia, determinando a adição do fluxo internacional de capitais, de produtos e serviços. Este fenômeno levou a uma interdependência maior entre as economias dos países. Justamente por causa da possibilidade de que um eventual colapso econômico em um país resulte no contágio dos demais. Diante disso, aumentou a preocupação com os riscos incentivando a utilização de sofisticados modelos e estratégias de avaliação de gestão de risco.

Na década, ganharam destaque ainda os graves problemas financeiros enfrentados, entre outros, pelo banco inglês Barings Bank, e pelo fundo de investimento norte-americano Long Term Capital Management.

Outro grande destaque foi a fraude superior a US$ 7 bilhões sofrida pelo banco Société Generale em Janeiro de 2008.

O Barings Bank é um banco inglês que faliu em 1995 em razão de operações financeiras irregulares e mal-sucedidas realizadas pelo seu principal operador de mercado. O rombo da instituição foi superior à US$ 1,3 Bilhão e causado por uma aposta equivocada no desempenho futuro no índice de ações no Japão. Na realidade, o mercado acionário japonês caiu mais de 15% na época, determinando a falência do banco. O Baring Bank foi vendido a um grupo financeiro holandês (ING) pelo valor simbólico de uma libra esterlina.

O Long Term Capital Management era um fundo de investimento de que perdeu em 1998 mais de US$ 4,6 bilhões em operações nos mercados financeiros internacionais. O LTCM foi socorrido pelo Banco Central dos Estados Unidos (Federal Reserve ), que coordenou uma operação de socorro financeiro à instituição. A justificativa do Banco Central para esta decisão era "o receio das possíveis consequências mundiais da falência do fundo de investimento".

O banco francês Société Generale informou, em janeiro de 2008, uma perda de US$ 7,16 bilhões determinadas por fraudes efetuadas por um operador do mercado financeiro. Segundo revelou a instituição, o operador assumiu posições no mercado sem o conhecimento da direção do banco. A instituição teve que recorrer a uma urgente captação de recursos no mercado próxima a US$ 5,0 bilhões.

E finalmente chegamos ao caso mais problemático da era das finanças modernas anterior ao Bitcoin, o caso Lehman Brothers.

O Lehman Brothers era o 4° maior de investimentos dos EUA quando pediu concordata em 15/09/2008 com dívidas que superavam inacreditáveis US$ 600 bilhões.

Não se tinha contas correntes ou talão de cheques do Lehman Brothers. Era um banco especializado em investimentos e complexas operações financeiras. Havia feito pesados investimentos em empréstimos a juros fixos no famigerado mercado subprime, e o crédito imobiliário voltado a pessoas consideradas de forte risco de inadimplência.

Com essa carteira de investimentos que valia bem menos que o estimado e o acúmulo de projetos financeiros, minou a confiança dos investidores na instituição de 158 anos. Suas ações passaram de US$ 80 a menos de US$ 4. Acumulando fracassos nas negociações para levantar fundos; a instituição de cerca de 25 mil funcionários entrou em concordata.

O Federal Reserve resgatou algumas instituições financeiras grandes e tradicionais norte-americanas como a seguradora AIG no meio da crise. O Fed injetou um capital de US$ 182, 3 bilhões no American International Group (AIG).

Foi exatamente essa decisão do Fed em salvar alguns bancos e deixar quebrar outros, que causou insegurança por parte dos clientes. E os clientes ficaram insatisfeitos tanto com os bancos de investimentos quanto com as agências de classificação de risco, como a Standard & Poor's que tinha dado uma nota alta para o Lehman Brothers no mesmo dia em que ele quebrou.

E essa foi uma das razões pelo qual o Bitcoin foi criado. Satoshi Nakamoto entendeu que as pessoas não estavam mais confiando nem no Governo, nem nos Bancos Privados que o Governo federal restagatava quando eles quebravam e isso prejudicou muita gente. Tanto que o “hash” do Genesis Block contém o título do artigo “Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks” (Chanceler à beira de segundo resgate para bancos, em português) da edição britânica do The Times.

Esse texto foi parcialmente editado do texto de ASSAF Neto, CAF (2014).

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Análise Detalhada das Melhores Ações para Junho 2025

O mercado financeiro está em constante movimento, e identificar oportunidades de investimento é crucial para o sucesso. Exploraremos uma seleção de ações promissoras para junho de 2025. Analisaremos cada ativo individualmente, destacando seus pontos fortes e fracos para auxiliar investidores na tomada de decisões informadas. As ações a seguir foram selecionadas com base em análises de mercado e potencial de crescimento, e incluem nomes como ALOS3, RECV3, AZUL4, USO, USDBRL, BIDU, REXR, PR, GPN e CIVI.

Análise Individual das Ações

ALOS3

Essa é uma empresa que já falei aqui e está sempre voltando ao radar. Vou deixar ela em primeiro lugar, porque para mim é. Não existe empresa imobiliária tão saudável quanto ela.

Ponto Forte: ALOS3 tem demonstrado um crescimento consistente no setor de tecnologia, com inovações e expansão de mercado. A empresa possui uma forte base de clientes e uma estratégia sólida para o futuro.

Ponto Fraco: A alta volatilidade do setor tecnológico pode impactar o desempenho de ALOS3, tornando-o um investimento de maior risco em comparação com setores mais estáveis.

RECV3

Essa empresa apareceu no meu radar esse mês. Nem sabia da sua existência. Mas, isso porque seu IPO foi em 2021. E sua especialidade está em otimização de produção e revitalização de campos de petróleo.

Ponto Forte: RECV3 se destaca no setor de varejo, com uma rede de distribuição bem estabelecida e uma marca reconhecida. A empresa tem apresentado resultados financeiros positivos e um plano de expansão ambicioso.

Ponto Fraco: A concorrência acirrada no varejo e as flutuações na economia podem afetar as margens de lucro de RECV3.

AZUL4

A empresa anunciou essa semana que entrou em recuperação judicial. Contudo, o setor aéreo é sempre uma incógnita. Na minha visão, a operação de crédito da empresa é o diamante escondido.

Ponto Forte: AZUL4 é uma das principais companhias aéreas do Brasil, com uma vasta rede de rotas e uma frota moderna. A empresa tem se beneficiado da recuperação do setor de viagens e do aumento da demanda.

Ponto Fraco: O setor aéreo é altamente sensível a fatores externos como preços de combustível e crises econômicas, o que pode gerar instabilidade para AZUL4.

USO

Com os preços do petróleo em queda, devido ao aumento de produção divulgado pela OPEC. Enxergamos uma oportunidade de médio prazo. Pois, se faz muitos produtos com petróleo. Da um Google e pesquisa aí.

Ponto Forte: USO é um fundo de investimento ligado ao petróleo, que pode se beneficiar do aumento dos preços do petróleo devido a tensões geopolíticas ou aumento da demanda global.

Ponto Fraco: O preço do petróleo é extremamente volátil e sujeito a eventos imprevisíveis, tornando o USO um investimento de alto risco.

USDBRL

Não é novidade para ninguém que o dólar está previsto em R$6 para logo menos. A julgar pela impressão monetária, juros e inflação. Não vai ser difícil chegar lá. O P O R T U N I D A D E !

Ponto Forte: USDBRL representa a taxa de câmbio entre o dólar americano e o real brasileiro. Investir nesse ativo pode ser uma forma de se proteger contra a desvalorização do real e diversificar a carteira.

Ponto Fraco: A taxa de câmbio é influenciada por inúmeros fatores econômicos e políticos, tornando-a altamente volátil e difícil de prever.

BIDU

O maior motor de busca na China está derretendo. Em partes pelos avanços das IA. Que agora são amplamente usadas para pesquisas.

Ponto Forte: BIDU é uma das maiores empresas de tecnologia da China, com forte presença no mercado de buscas e inteligência artificial. A empresa tem um grande potencial de crescimento no mercado asiático.

Ponto Fraco: As regulamentações governamentais na China e a concorrência com outras gigantes da tecnologia podem limitar o crescimento de BIDU.

REXR

Empresa californiana focada em desenvolvimento imobiliário. Com excelentes resultados e fundamentos.

Ponto Forte: REXR é uma empresa do setor imobiliário com um portfólio diversificado e um histórico de crescimento constante. A empresa tem se beneficiado do aquecimento do mercado imobiliário em algumas regiões.

Ponto Fraco: O mercado imobiliário é sensível a taxas de juros e ciclos econômicos, o que pode impactar o desempenho de REXR em momentos de crise.

PR

Cara, essa empresa chama muito a atenção. Pelos números robustos. A empresa administra petróleo e campos de gás.

Ponto Forte: A empresa PR atua no setor de recursos naturais e tem se beneficiado do aumento da demanda por commodities. A empresa possui ativos valiosos e uma operação eficiente.

Ponto Fraco: A volatilidade dos preços das commodities e questões ambientais podem afetar negativamente o desempenho de PR.

GPN

A empresa tem excelentes fundamentos e está sentada sobre uma pilha de dinheiro em caixa que excede e muito a real necessidade da empresa. Olho nela!

Ponto Forte: GPN é uma empresa do setor financeiro, com destaque para serviços de pagamento e tecnologia financeira. A empresa tem apresentado crescimento consistente e inovação em seus produtos.

Ponto Fraco: A concorrência no setor financeiro e as regulamentações podem impactar as margens de lucro de GPN.

CIVI

Para concluir nossa lista. Temos essa empresa de construção civil que derreteu caixa. Mas, tem seu valor patrimonial bem abaixo do esperado.

Ponto Forte: CIVI é uma empresa do setor de construção civil, com projetos de infraestrutura e desenvolvimento urbano. A empresa tem se beneficiado de investimentos governamentais e crescimento populacional.

Ponto Fraco: O setor de construção civil é sensível a crises econômicas e atrasos em projetos, o que pode gerar instabilidade para CIVI.

Resumo da ópera:

Investir em ações requer pesquisa e análise cuidadosa. Cada uma das empresas listadas apresenta pontos fortes e fracos que devem ser considerados. ALOS3 se destaca pela sua excelente gestão nos shoppings e imóveis. BIDU se destaca no setor de tecnologia, enquanto RECV3 e AZUL4 oferecem oportunidades nos setores de varejo e aviação. USO e USDBRL são investimentos mais voláteis, ligados ao petróleo e câmbio, respectivamente. REXR e CIVI representam o setor imobiliário e construção civil, enquanto PR e GPN atuam nos setores de recursos naturais e financeiro. Esperamos que esta análise tenha sido útil. Boa sorte em seus investimentos!

Disclaimer

Lembre-se: este não é um conselho de investimento. Faça sua própria pesquisa antes de investir. Resultados passados não garantem lucros futuros. Cuide do seu dinheiro!

Bio

Apaixonado por investimentos e pela transformação que eles podem trazer, a equipe threedolar dedica-se a desmistificar o mundo financeiro e guiar seus leitores rumo à independência financeira. Acreditamos que o conhecimento é a chave para o sucesso nos investimentos.

Links

• https://www.fundamentus.com.br
• https://finviz.com
• https://permianres.com

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https://evidence.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/EVIDoa2300311

The solution to peanut allergy? Import Bamba!

https://stacker.news/items/993440

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LUV and Hivebits/HBIT/Wusang pause tl;dr LUV and HBIT (aka, Hivebits and the Wusang game) are on a pause at the moment, taking a break. https://files.peakd.com/file/peakd-hive/crrdlx/23x1SY8Vx8j1mVGnDFtq7ebuzKNGd8K9Ssex51AEerxks1VYikxGPShM7bjNhmSrEZ2wf.png Image from pixabay.com Why? There are odd things going on. I have a theory, but here's what is known... May 28, 2025, at about 1:30 pm GMT (8:30 AM EDT), a second attack (for lack of better term) hit HBIT in about a week. It seemed to start with @tyler45 with this comment https://peakd.com/blog/@tyler45/comment-20250528125108033 tx: https://he.dtools.dev/tx/7e7d4126196ca5b6dbe0a04dcded0e25d3bcc7f4 See tyler45's activity at https://he.dtools.dev/@tyler45 Notice the reply and WUSANG command is to a post by @olivia897 and how many of the other WUSANG comments on the explorer are in reply to olivia897. It seems these are all auto-generated accounts. The names and "birthdates" and interactions all point to automation. Once initiated, things happened very fast on the back end, clearly not being done manually. In this way, this seems rather sophisticated technically. I estimate just over 400 HBIT were pilfered the other day from the @Hivebits account before I noticed and was able to shut things down. Just for a little background, after the first attack May 21, 2025. I wrote a small bit of info: https://peakd.com/hivebits/@crrdlx/hbit-resource-credits A couple of days ago this post by @holoz0r was interesting: https://peakd.com/hive-133987/@holoz0r/text-analytics-reveal-thirty-two-percent-of-comments-on-hive-are-not-unique-and-at-least-ten-percent-add-no-value-to-discussion The thing that caught my eye was that the WUSANG comment was the largest by far, along with BBH (hello @bradleyarrow), because the attackers used both commands. Then, a few days later, things happened again: sudden start, repetitive bot attack, until I shut things down. So, a pause This is a period in my personal calendar where I simply don't have time to sit down at a computer for an extended period and try fiddle with this stuff. So, for now @Luvshares and @Hivebits (HBIT) and the @Wusang game are on hold. Plus, there's other fun stuff to do. https://files.peakd.com/file/peakd-hive/crrdlx/AJL43SREA1EuyqPXhydmqaq1RHhRVoYd12PfiBN5vDMu2WSKUtGeYWgKJyuRwV8.jpg I go by @crrdlx or "CR" for short. See all my links or contact info at https://linktr.ee/crrdlx.

Originally posted on Hive at https://peakd.com/@crrdlx/luv-and-hivebitshbitwusang-pause

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Autor: Marcel Bühler. Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben. Sie finden alle Texte der Friedenstaube und weitere Texte zum Thema Frieden hier. Die neuesten Pareto-Artikel finden Sie in unserem Telegram-Kanal.

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Die neuesten Artikel der Friedenstaube gibt es jetzt auch im eigenen Friedenstaube-Telegram-Kanal.

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In einem Artikel in der NZZ vom 27. Mai mit dem Titel "Trump nennt Putin verrückt" wird über den laut Kiew grössten russischen Drohnenangriff seit Beginn des Krieges auf ukrainische Städte berichtet. Dabei sollen am vergangenen Wochenende 355 Drohnen und 69 Raketen auf Kiew, Odessa, Ternipol (Westukraine) und andere Städte gesteuert bzw. abgefeuert worden sein. 288 Drohnen und 9 Raketen konnten laut Kiew von der ukrainischen Luftverteidigung abgeschossen werden. Was der Artikel verschweigt: bereits in der Woche davor, am 20. - 22. Mai hatte die Ukraine 485 Drohnen gegen russische Städte wie Kursk, Belgorod oder Brijansk geflogen, 63 davon erreichten die Region Moskau. Auch am Wochenende schickten die Ukrainer 205 Drohnen gegen russische Städte, 13 davon erreichten Moskau. Auch hier konnte die Luftverteidigung die meisten Drohnen unschädlich machen, eine davon hatte gar den Helikopter von Präsident Putin (!) im Visier. Als Reaktion darauf erklärte Präsident Putin, dass in der ukrainischen Region Sumy bzw. Tschernihiw im Norden eine Sicherheitszoneeingerichtet werden soll da die meisten Drohnen von hier aus gestartet wurden. Auch am 27./28. Mai schickte die Ukraine wieder 296 Drohnen Richtung Moskau, offenbar soll die russische Luftverteidigung damit überlastet werden um später westliche Cruise Missiles wie "Storm shadows", "Skalp" oder die umstrittenen deutschen "Taurus" effektiver einsetzen zu können. Der neue Bundeskanzler Friedrich Merz hat dafür rund 5 Milliarden Euro in Aussicht gestellt um solche Waffensysteme in der Ukraine selber zusammenbauen zu können. 

Diese Gewaltspirale hat eine lange Geschichte: diese begann 2007 mit der 43. Münchner Sicherheitskonferenz, in der Präsident Putin sich gegen die unilaterale Weltordnung der USA und ihrer Verbündeten aussprach. Auch erteilte er den NATO-Osterweiterungen seit 1991 eine deutliche Absage, da diese entgegen (mündlich) gemachten Zusicherungen vollzogen wurden (siehe im Anhang die Rede im Wortlaut). Bei anderer Gelegenheit bezeichnete er vor allem einen möglichen NATO-Beitritt der (ehemals russischen) Ukraine als die "rote Linie", da es hier im Osten eine gemeinsame Grenze zu Russland über weit mehr als tausend Kilometer gebe und zudem Millionen von russischstämmigen Bürgern in der Ukraine lebten welche durch die Unabhängigkeit des Landes von ihrem Mutterland getrennt seinen. Im mittlerweile umstrittenen Budapester Memorandum von 5.12.1994 hatten zudem die Signatarmächte USA, GB und die Russische Föderation in getrennten Dokumenten die Unabhängigkeit und territoriale Integrität der Ukraine garantiert, wenn diese ein neutraler Pufferstaat zwischen der NATO und der Russischen Föderation sei und auf ihre Atomwaffen aus der sowjetischen Zeit verzichte (die Neutralität war in der ukrainischen Verfassung verankert). Trotzdem erklärten am darauffolgenden NATO-Gipfel in Bukarest im April 2008 die versammelten Staats- und Regierungschefs der 26 NATO-Staaten: "Die NATO begrüßt die euro-atlantischen Bestrebungen der Ukraine und Georgiens, die dem Bündnis beitreten wollen. Wir kamen heute überein, dass diese Länder NATO-Mitglieder werden." Zudem wurde die Unabhängigkeitserklärung des Kosowo vorbehaltlos anerkannt, dies nach einer völkerrechtswidrigen militärischen Intervention (d.h. ohne eine entsprechende UN-Resolution) der NATO gegen die Republik Serbien im Jahr 1999 (Staatsgrenzen dürfen also unter Umständen verändert werden).

Die Gewalt begann schon wenige Monate danach, als der durch die "Rosenrevolution" 2003 mit Unterstützung der USA in Tiflis an die Macht gekommene Exil-Georgier, Michail Saakaschwili, in der Nacht auf den 8.8.2008 einen militärischen Angriff auf die seit 1992/93 abtrünnigen Südosseten bzw. deren Hauptstadt Zchinwali befahl und dabei auch russische Friedenstruppen (als Schutzmacht der Osseten) unter Beschuss gerieten. Dies nachdem die Regierung Bush jr. die georgische Armee durch NATO-Offiziere ausgebildet und aufgerüstet hatte. Laut einem NZZ-Artikel vom 1.10.2009 kam eine von der EU eingesetzte Untersuchungskommission unter der Schweizer Diplomatin Heidi Tagliavini 2009 zum Schluss, dass zuvor von beiden Seiten Provokationen in Form von Terroranschlägen, Entführungen und Morde begangen worden waren. Zudem hatte Russland jahrelang an willige Osseten und Abchasen russische Pässe ausgegeben, was völkerrechtswidrig sei, da dies die Staatlichkeit Georgiens untergrabe (Abchasien ist eine weitere abtrünnige Region Georgiens am schwarzen Meer). Saakaschwili wollte offenkundig mit dem überraschenden Angriff auf die Osseten die volle Kontrolle der Zentralregierung über das Gebiet wieder erlangen, da die Satzungen der NATO nur die Aufnahme von Ländern erlauben in denen keine ungelösten territorialen Konflikte vorhanden sind. Den Abchasen hätte also das gleiche Schicksal gedroht wenn die Aktion erfolgreich gewesen wäre. Da die Russen aber aufgepasst hatten, lief innert 24 Stunden eine russische Gegenoffensive welche die georgischen Verbände und ihre amerikanischen Berater innert wenigen Tagen bis nach Gori (Geburtsort von Stalin) zurückwarf. Präsident Saakaschwili verlor bald darauf in Tiflis die Macht und setzte sich in die Ukraine ab. Die heutige georgische Regierung unterhält wieder politische und wirtschaftliche Beziehungen zu Russland und verzichtet auf einen NATO-Beitritt. Siehe dazu das Interview von Roger Köppel mit dem aktuellen georgischen Regierungschef Kobachidse (auf englisch mit deutschen Untertiteln):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xWh6bAfLdhw

In der Ukraine begann die Gewalt mit dem rechtswidrigen Sturz des 2010 legal gewählten Präsidenten Wiktor Janukowitsch, der zwischen der EU und Russland hin und her gerissen war und daher die Unterzeichnung eines EU-Assoziierungsabkommens auf unbestimmte Zeit vertagte. Nach den folgenden wochenlangen Protesten und Krawallen auf dem Maidan in Kiew ("Euromaidan") unterschrieb er unter Vermittlung Deutschlands, Frankreichs und Polens am 21.2.2014 einen Vertrag mit der Opposition und versprach baldige Neuwahlen. Trotzdem wurde er am Tag darauf durch einen regelrechten Putsch gestürzt und in die Flucht getrieben, indem unbekannte Heckenschützen aus verschiedenen Positionen zuerst auf die "Berkut"-Polizei und anschliessend auf militante Demonstranten schossen, welche die "Institutskaja" hinauf das durch eine Strassensperre der Polizei geschützte Regierungsviertel stürmen wollten.

Dabei kamen insgesamt 104 Menschen ums Leben, darunter 34 Polizisten und Vertreter der Regierung. Nach dem Putsch wurde der zuvor völlig unbekannte Exil-Ukrainer Arsenij Jazenjuk Chef der neuen Übergangsregierung, von dem die Europagesandte des US-Statedepartements, Victoria Nuland, bereits einige Tage davor in einem abgehörten Telefongespräch mit dem amerikanischen Botschafter in Kiew, Geoffrey Pyatt, gesprochen hatte ("Jaz is our man"). Die mit rund 600 Mann unter Führung von Andrij Parubi während Wochen auf dem Maidan präsenten militanten und teilweise bewaffneten Kräfte des "Prawi sektor" ("Rechter Sektor") und der "Swoboda" ("Freiheit") weigerten sich zuerst, der neuen Regierung ihre Waffen auszuhändigen. Mitglieder der "Swoboda" unter Oleh Tjahibok besetzten aber anfangs im Kabinett das Aussen-, Innen-, Verteidigungs- sowie das Ministerium für Kultur und "strategische" Kommunikation (Propaganda), während die Mitglieder des "Prawi sektor" unter Dmitro Jarosch eine Zusammenarbeit mit der neuen Regierung verweigerten. Als eine der ersten Amtshandlungen nach dem Putsch wurde in der ganzen Ukraine die russische Sprache als offizielle Amtssprache und als Unterrichtssprache in den Schulen verboten (auch in den mehrheitlich von russischstämmigen Menschen bewohnten Regionen im Osten und Süden des Landes).

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Als erste Reaktion auf den rechtswidrigen Umsturz wurde in Simferopol auf der Krim das lokale Parlament von prorussischen Aktivisten besetzt und russische Soldaten verliessen illegal den Flottenstützpunkt in Sewastopol und besetzten strategische Positionen auf der ganzen Krim bzw. blockierten die ukrainischen Kasernen. Unter dem Schutz dieser "grünen Männchen" konnte dann am 16.3.2014 ein Referendum über den zukünftigen Status der Krim durchgeführt werden. Rund 70% der Bevölkerung stimmten für eine Wiedervereinigung mit Russland, was ungefähr dem Anteil der ethnischen Russen auf der Krim entspricht. Der Kommandant der ukrainischen Flotte in Sewastopol lief mit dem Grossteil der Matrosen zu den Russen über, so dass fast die gesamte Flotte im Kriegshafen verblieb (die Schwarzmeerflotte war anfang der 90er Jahre zwischen Russland und der Ukraine aufgeteilt worden). Die restlichen Matrosen und Soldaten durften später in die Ukraine heimkehren. Angesichts der klaren Machtverhältnisse auf der Krim verzichteten die ukrainischen Ultra-Nationalisten auf die angedrohte Entsendung von "Zügen der Freundschaft" (mit bewaffneten Schlägern) nach Simferopol.

Auch in den Städten Lugansk, Donezk und Mariupol in der Ostukraine besetzten prorussische Aktivisten analog den Vorgängen einige Monate zuvor in der Westukraine Regierungs- und Verwaltungsgebäude und hissten russische Fahnen auf vielen Gebäuden. Auch hier gab es am 11. bzw. 12.5.2014 Referenden über die zukünftige Zugehörigkeit dieser Gebiete, doch konnten dabei nur ungefähr die Hälfte der Bevölkerungen überhaupt darüber abstimmen, weil die Separatisten nicht die volle Kontrolle über die jeweiligen Bezirke hatten. Auch in anderen ukrainischen Städten wie Odessa und Charkow gab es prorussische Demonstrationen, doch wurden diese von den ukrainischen Behörden unterdrückt. In Odessa kam es am 2.5.2014 zu einem Massaker, als prorussische Aktivisten von mit Zügen aus Kiew angereisten Rechtsradikalen und Hooligans in ein Gewerkschaftshaus abgedrängt wurden welches dann kurzerhand abgefackelt und mit Handfeuerwaffen beschossen wurde. Rund 50 Menschen verloren dabei ihr Leben während die ukrainische Polizei untätig herumstand.

Die am 12.4.2014 von der neuen Regierung in Kiew verkündete "Antiterror-Operation" gegen die Separatisten im Osten wurde anfangs nur zaghaft umgesetzt, da viele russischstämmige Soldaten auch hier mit den Aufständischen sympathisierten und teilweise mitsamt dem Material überliefen. Erst nachdem sich der "Spreu vom Weizen" getrennt hatte und nach der Bildung von Freiwilligenverbänden wie "Donbas","Asow" oder "Aidar" - welche in der ukrainischen Nationalgarde (dem Innen- und nicht dem Verteidigungsministerium unterstellt) zusammengefasst wurden - gewann die ukrainische Offensive an Kraft, so dass bereits im Mai/Juni 2014 die Hafenstadt Mariupol vom Asow'schen Bataillon (später ein Regiment bzw. neu die 12. Brigade für spezielle Aufgaben) und einer Marinebrigade zurückerobert und bis zur vollständigen Kapitulation im berühmten Stahlwerk "Asowstal" nach der russischen Intervention vom 24.2.2022 besetzt werden konnte. Bei den heftigen Kämpfen im Frühjahr 2022 mussten die Zivilisten wochenlang im Keller ausharren, da die Stadtverwaltung die rechtzeitige Evakuierung der Zivilbevölkerung versäumt hatte). Nach den Kesselschlachten von Ilowaisk im Juli/Aug. 2014 bzw. von Debaltsewoim Jan./Feb. 2015, bei denen weit über tausend ukrainische Soldaten und hunderte von Kämpfern der neu aufgestellten Donezker- und Lugansker Volksmilizen sowie vermutlich rund 100 russische Soldaten ihr Leben verloren (laut Kiew beteiligten sich mehrere russische Bataillone an den Kämpfen), wurde am 12.2.2015 das Minsker Abkommen (Minsk II) unter Vermittlung von Weissrussland, Deutschland und Frankreich unterzeichnet. Vertragspartner als Unterzeichnende waren: der frühere Präsident der Ukraine Leonid Kutschma, der Botschafter der Russischen Föderation in der Ukraine Michail Surabow, die Milizenführer der selbstproklamierten Volksrepubliken Igor Plotnizki und Alexander Sachartschenko sowie die OSZE-Beauftragte Heidi Tagliavini. Der Waffenstillstand und die vertrauensbildenden Massnahmen (wie z.B. der Rückzug der schweren Waffen von der Frontlinie) wurden dabei von beiden Seiten wiederholt verletzt. Am 18.2.2017 unterzeichnete der russische Präsident Wladimir Putin ein Dekret, nach dem Pässe und andere Papiere der Volksrepubliken Donezk und Lugansk von Russland offiziell als gültig anerkannt wurden, was wiederum die Staatlichkeit der Ukraine untergrub und daher dem Minsker Abkommen widersprach, wonach die abtrünnigen Gebiete weiterhin zur Ukraine gehörten. Insgesamt verloren in dem jahrelangen Konflikt bis 2022 rund 14'000 Menschen ihr Leben, darunter ca. 3'500 Zivilisten inkl. 200 Kinder, besonders in der Stadt Donezk und Umgebung welche von der ukrainischen Armee immer wieder mit Artillerie (Granaten und Raketen) oder durch Scharfschützen beschossen wurde.

Nachdem eine von NATO-Offizieren jahrelang gut ausgebildete und mit modernen Waffen aufgerüstete ukrainische Elitearmee von rund 130'000 Mann ab Sommer 2021 vor dem Donbas aufmarschiert war um den Konflikt offenkundig gewaltsam zu lösen und seit Anfang 2022 auch der ukrainische Beschuss von Donezk und dessen Umland wieder verstärkt wurde, unterzeichnete Präsident Putin am 21.2.2022 ein Freundschafts- und Beistandsabkommen mit den ostukrainischen Volksrepubliken und anerkannte ausdrücklich deren Unabhängigkeitvon Kiew. Das Minsker Abkommen habe keine Zukunft mehr. Am 24.2.2022 intervenierte die russische Armee mit anfangs "nur" rund 190'000 Mann in der Ukraine da die rund 40'000 Mann der Donezker- und Lugansker Volksmilizen einem Angriff der ukrainischen Elitearmee nicht mehr hätten standhalten können. Zuvor hatte die Russische Föderation im Dez. 2021 den USA noch einmal Verhandlungen über den Abschluss eines gesamteuropäischen Sicherheitsabkommen unter Berücksichtigung des Konflikts in der Ukraine vorgeschlagen, was aber von der Regierung Biden abgelehnt wurde. Bei Beginn der "speziellen Militäroperation" erklärte Joe Biden öffentlich, das politische Ziel sei der Sturz des Regimes in Moskau.

Mit dem Beginn der russischen Sommeroffensive an allen Frontabschnitten dürften die ukrainischen Kräfte endgültig überdehnt werden. Da der Oberbefehlshaber der Ukraine, Alexander Syrskij, aus der Region Sumy und Charkow verschiedene Verbände wie die 36. Marinebrigade, die 43. Artilleriebrigade, die 44. mechanisierte Brigade, die 82. Air Assault Brigade sowie die berüchtigte 12. Brigade "Asow" nach Südosten verlegen musste, um die Lage um den wichtigen Logistikpunkt Pokrowsk bzw. die Stadt Konstantinowka zu stabilisieren, dürften die Russen auch bei der oben erwähnten Einrichtung einer Sicherheitszone im Norden rasche Fortschritte machen. Rund 50'000 russische Soldaten werden dort eingesetzt um die zukünftige Bedrohung durch ukrainische Drohnen zu minimieren.

Zusammenfassend kann gesagt werden, dass in dem jahrelangen Konflikt alle Seiten das Völkerrecht missachtetoder zum eigenen Vorteil interpretiert haben. Angefangen damit hat aber klar der Westen (NATO und EU), der mit der finanziellen und politischen Unterstützung des rechtswidrigen Putsches in Kiew 2014 die Gewaltspirale in der Ukraine in Gang setzte und mit den anhaltenden Waffenlieferungen und Geheimdienstinformationen für den Tod von weit mehr als einer Million Soldaten auf beiden Seiten und unzähligen Zivilisten entscheidend mitverantwortlichist. Zudem wurde zumindest im Falle der Ukraine mit der NATO-Erklärung von 2008 zu deren Aufnahme als Beitrittskandidat der Geist des Budapester Memorandums von 1994 verletzt. In einem erstaunlich offenen, zweiseitigen Interview in der NZZ vom 6. Mai hat der amerikanische Politikwissenschaftler Prof. John Mearsheimervon der Universität Chicago erklärt, er hätte anstelle von Präsident Putin "die Ukraine schon viel früher überfallen". Und: "Der Westen ist der Bösewicht. Aber das wollen die USA und die Europäer natürlich nicht hören". Er glaube, dass dieser Krieg auf dem Schlachtfeld entschieden werde und dass wir am Ende einen eingefrorenen Konflikt haben werden (ähnlich wie in Georgien).

Über das Problem des ukrainischen Faschismus und Ultra-Nationalismus, der letztlich die multiethnische Ukraine in ihren Grenzen von 1991 zerstört hat, äusserte er sich nicht. Stattdessen hat die EU gerade die ersten 150 Milliarden Euro zum Aufbau einer eigenen Rüstungsindustrie beschlossen. Der neue Vorsteher des Schweizer Verteidigungsdepartementes, Bundesrat Martin Pfister, hat in einem NZZ-Artikel vom 27. Mai erklärt, die Kooperation mit der EU und der NATO müsse intensiviert werden, "stets in Vereinbarkeit mit der Neutralität". In der gleichen NZZ-Ausgabe wurde auch berichtet, dass die Schweiz den Spitzendiplomaten Gabriel Lüchinger nach Moskau schicke um für Friedensgespräche in der Schweiz zu sondieren (Bürgenstock II).

Ob der während Jahren provozierte und stigmatisierte "russische Bär" darauf noch eingeht?

(Der Beitrag folgt der Schweizer Rechtschreibung)

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Quality - A preference for quality - A preference to test designs - Open to feedback - Able to balance classical and expressive aesthetics - Able to balance aesthetics and usability - Obsessed with details - Rigorous

Technical skills - Good typography - Good composition/layout - Good colour choices - Good at some associated skills (e.g. prototyping, animation, imagery, writing) - Tool expertise

Wider picture - Informed by understanding of the product (e.g. research) - System thinking (how the work is connected to other things) - Product thinking (what makes a successful product) - Development thinking (how a design might be implemented) - Practical mindset when necessary - Believes in importance of accessibility

Communication - Able to articulate your design “feelings” - Able to explain design principles to others - Can clearly document/explain the design (e.g. specifications, mockups) - Good relationship-building, especially with developers - Able to “sell” a design idea

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Read more about Anthony Hobday.

https://stacker.news/items/993319

@ 3770c235:16042bcc

In a world full of constant stimulation, overflowing schedules, and ever-growing to-do lists, our physical spaces often bear the brunt of our busy lives. The clutter in our homes and workplaces can slowly pile up until it becomes overwhelming, contributing not only to a chaotic environment but also to increased levels of stress and anxiety.

But what if the simple act of removing junk and organizing your space could bring clarity to your mind, lift your mood, and create a lasting positive impact on your mental health? Decluttering isn't just about aesthetics—it’s about mental wellness. Junk removal can be a powerful tool to help you take control of your space and, in turn, your mindset. Let’s explore how clearing the clutter can boost mental health and transform your daily life.

The Psychological Impact of Clutter Clutter isn’t just stuff—it’s unmade decisions and postponed actions. Psychologists have long understood the connection between our environment and our emotional well-being. Clutter bombards our minds with excessive stimuli, making it difficult to focus or relax. It sends a signal that work is never done, which can lead to chronic stress.

A study published in the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin found that women who described their homes as cluttered or full of unfinished projects were more likely to be fatigued and depressed than those who described their homes as restorative and restful. The same study found that cortisol levels—the body’s main stress hormone—were significantly higher in women living in cluttered environments.

Additionally, according to a UCLA study, families living in homes with a high density of household objects experienced increased levels of anxiety. The psychological toll of clutter isn’t minor; it has real, measurable effects on our mental health.

Junk Removal as an Act of Self-Care Self-care isn't just about spa days or bubble baths—it's about creating systems and habits that support your well-being. Removing clutter and excess junk from your living or working space can be an essential act of self-care, sending your brain a clear message: you deserve a clean, peaceful environment.

The physical act of junk removal creates a sense of accomplishment. Whether it’s donating unused clothing, throwing away broken items, or clearing out the garage, every bag removed is a step toward emotional relief. The process can be surprisingly cathartic, especially for those dealing with stress, grief, or major life transitions.

Why Clutter Creates Mental Clutter Clutter and disorganization can reduce our ability to process information. Researchers at Princeton University Neuroscience Institute found that physical clutter competes for your attention, resulting in decreased performance and increased stress. When your environment is chaotic, your mind tends to mimic that chaos.

Every time you walk past a cluttered desk or disorganized closet, your brain registers it as a task you haven't completed. Over time, this leads to mental fatigue. You might find yourself feeling constantly behind, overwhelmed, or unable to concentrate—even when you're not consciously thinking about the mess.

On the flip side, a tidy, clutter-free environment can promote mental clarity, boost productivity, and help foster a greater sense of control and calm.

How Junk Removal Enhances Mood There’s a distinct emotional payoff to junk removal. Many people report feeling lighter, freer, and happier after decluttering a space. Here's why: 1. Reduces Anxiety and Stress Too much clutter can create a constant low-grade stress that gnaws away at your peace of mind. By physically removing items that no longer serve a purpose, you're also removing sources of tension. 2. Improves Focus and Productivity When your environment is clear, your mind follows suit. A cleaner space supports sharper thinking and better decision-making. Whether you're working from home or studying, a decluttered area can significantly enhance your ability to concentrate. 3. Boosts Self-Esteem Clutter can carry feelings of guilt or shame—reminders of undone tasks, unused purchases, or poor organizational habits. Taking the step to clean up can restore confidence and create a sense of achievement.

1. Encourages Mindfulness Decluttering forces you to be present. You have to examine each item, reflect on its usefulness, and make a conscious decision about its place in your life. This process promotes mindfulness and intentional living.

The Decluttering Process: Step-by-Step for Mental Clarity If the idea of decluttering your entire home feels overwhelming, start small. Begin with one drawer, one shelf, or one room. Here's a practical approach to get started:

Step 1: Set a Clear Intention Know why you're decluttering. Is it to feel less stressed? To improve your focus? Having a specific goal will keep you motivated. Step 2: Sort Items into Categories Use the classic “keep, donate, toss” system. Be honest with yourself about what adds value to your life. Step 3: Focus on One Area at a Time Avoid jumping from room to room. Focus your energy on one space to see progress quickly and stay motivated.

Step 4: Remove the Junk Promptly Once you've sorted items for removal, don’t let them linger. Hire a junk removal service or take them to a donation center right away. Step 5: Maintain Your Space Set a monthly reminder to reassess clutter. Make it a habit, not a one-time task.

Professional Help: The Role of Junk Removal Services For some people, the physical and emotional burden of clearing out clutter is too overwhelming to tackle alone. This is where professional junk removal services come in. These services not only handle the heavy lifting but also offer a judgment-free way to transform your space quickly and efficiently. By outsourcing the task, you reduce stress and avoid decision fatigue. It’s a practical solution for busy professionals, seniors downsizing, or those recovering from emotional trauma like the loss of a loved one.

The mental relief from seeing a room go from chaotic to clean in just a few hours is worth the investment. Plus, many services are eco-friendly and donate reusable items to charities, adding another layer of purpose to the process.

Real-Life Impacts: Statistics that Speak Decluttering doesn’t just feel good—it’s backed by data. Consider this: • According to a study by the National Association of Professional Organizers, 54% of Americans are overwhelmed by clutter, and 78% have no idea what to do with it [source]. • A report from the Journal of Environmental Psychology found that people with clean homes are happier and more relaxed, with higher activity levels and lower levels of cortisol [source]. These statistics highlight how deeply our environment influences our emotional health—and how important it is to reclaim control of your space.

Decluttering in the Digital Age While physical clutter is the most obvious, digital clutter can also affect your mental state. Overflowing email inboxes, unorganized files, and constant notifications can leave you feeling scattered and distracted. Take time to regularly clean up your digital life by: • Unsubscribing from unwanted emails • Deleting unused apps • Organizing desktop files and folders • Turning off non-essential notifications Just like physical spaces, a clean digital environment supports a clearer, more focused mind.

When Clutter Signals Something Deeper While decluttering is beneficial, it’s important to recognize when excessive clutter or hoarding behavior may be a sign of deeper mental health issues. Conditions such as depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) can manifest in the inability to discard items or maintain an organized space. If clutter feels insurmountable or leads to distress and dysfunction, it may be time to seek support from a mental health professional. Therapy can help address the root causes and develop strategies for long-term change.

Final Thoughts: Clearing the Path to Mental Well-Being Junk removal and decluttering may seem like simple tasks, but their effects on your mental health can be profound. By reducing chaos in your environment, you invite peace, focus, and emotional clarity into your life. Whether you choose to tackle the clutter yourself or enlist the help of professionals, taking the first step is often the hardest—and the most transformative. Your environment is a mirror of your mind. Clear the clutter, and you’ll often find that clarity, joy, and calm aren’t far behind.

@ c230edd3:8ad4a712

Chef's notes

Most Santa Maria tri tip roast recipes call for red wine vinegar and dijon mustard. I prefer other ingredients in place of those, but should you like those flavors and textures, they are more traditional.

Keep in mind when cooking and slicing, that the grain of tri-tip runs in 3 directions and the meat is unevenly thick. Pulling the roast when the thin end achieves well done, the thicker end will be a nice medium rare. When slicing, change direction to cut against the grain as you transition through for the most tender outcome.

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 10 minutes
• 🍳 Cook time: 1 hour ( with grill heating time)
• 🍽️ Servings: 4-6

Ingredients

• 1.5 - 2 lb Tri-Tip Roast
• 1 Tbsp Kosher Salt
• 1 tsp Black Pepper
• 1 tsp Cayanne Pepper ( substitute all or some with smoked paprika for a milder taste)
• 1 tsp Garlic Powder
• 1 tsp Onion Powder
• 1 Tbsp Rosemary
• 2 Tbsp Stone Ground Mustard
• 1 Tbsp Rice Vinegar
• 2-3 Cloves Garlic, Minced

Directions

1. Mix all dry spices.
2. Pat the roast dry and coat on all sides with seasdoning mix.
3. Cover loosely and allow to sit in fridge for 8-12 hours.
4. Preheat grill to 475 degrees F, allow meat to sit at room temp during this process.
5. Mix vinegar, mustard, and minced garlic.
6. Place meat on hot grill, fat side down and coat the upward side with mustard mix
7. Grill approximately 7-10 minutes.
8. Flip meat, repeat coating and grilling.
9. Flip once more and grill for 2-3 minutes to caramelize the glaze and until the fat begins to render.
10. Remove from grill and let the roast rest for 5 minutes before slicing,
11. Serve with grilled veggies or any side of your choice. This is a bit spicy so it goes well with a salsa fresca and tortillas, too.

@ 812cff5a:5c40aeeb

NIP-02 — أنماط المفاتيح العامة

رقم التعريف (NIP): 02
العنوان: أنماط المفاتيح العامة
الحالة: نهائي
المؤلف: fiatjaf
التاريخ: 2020-12-10

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الملخص

يقترح هذا المستند نمطًا معياريًا لطريقة تمثيل المفاتيح العامة (public keys) في نُستر — يُعرف باسم npub — لتسهيل مشاركتها وقراءتها من قبل البشر، تمامًا كما يتم تمثيل عناوين البيتكوين بـ bech32.

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التنسيق المقترح

نقترح استخدام bech32 لترميز المفاتيح العامة، حيث يكون التنسيق كالتالي:

npub1<سلسلة bech32>

على سبيل المثال:

npub1qqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqzv9sx

هذا الشكل يمكن نسخه بسهولة، والتعرف عليه بصريًا، والتعامل معه دون الوقوع في أخطاء النسخ الشائعة للمفاتيح بصيغ hex.

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السبب

• الشكل hex التقليدي للمفاتيح العامة (مثل 32e...af1) صعب القراءة.
• bech32 أسهل للمشاركة عبر الرسائل أو الوسائط الاجتماعية.
• وجود بادئة npub1 يوضح فورًا أن السلسلة تمثل مفتاحًا عامًا في نظام نُستر.

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ملاحظات إضافية

• نفس المبدأ يُستخدم أيضًا مع أنواع أخرى مثل note (لتمثيل معرفات الأحداث) وnsec (للمفاتيح الخاصة).
• هذه الصيغ لا تغيّر البيانات الأصلية، بل فقط تمثلها بطريقة أسهل وأكثر أمانًا للبشر.

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الخلاصة

npub هو معيار لتنسيق المفاتيح العامة باستخدام bech32، مما يجعلها أكثر قابلية للقراءة والاستخدام من قبل البشر.
يُوصى بأن تستخدم جميع تطبيقات نُستر هذا النمط عند عرض أو مشاركة المفاتيح العامة.

@ 14206a66:689725cf

We’ve all been there, you’re locked in, desperately fighting with spreadsheets, the dishwasher’s going, and a banana cake is in the oven. Suddenly, all goes quiet, lights are off, oven’s off, PC dead as a doorknob. You check the fusebox, it’s fine. Must be a blackout. Usually, the power comes back on after 30 minutes to an hour, but you’re left standing there wondering what happened. 

We’ve just seen a country-wide scale event like this, which was much more extreme. On 28th April, the Iberian Peninsula experienced a catastrophic breakdown of the grid (see here).

Power was off for several days. I won’t dig into the details of this particular event; doing so is way beyond my pay grade. Suffice it to say it follows the ideas I want to introduce in this article.

We’ll begin with the simplest model I can think of, getting to grips with the issue from first principles. Then I’ll walk through how the basic premise scales up the Australian grid (or at least the east coast, the NEM), before introducing the shadowy supergeniuses in control of it all (AEMO) and one of the most important market mechanisms they use - Frequency Control Ancillary Services (FCAS). 

Part one: First principles

Imagine a way-over-simplified system with a single source of power and a single load. Our source of power is just a battery that produces 10MW of power at an assumed 1000V. The battery has no rotating components. It is connected to a very basic inverter. The inverter is designed to produce 50 Hz AC power; however, let's imagine it has no sophisticated voltage controls or protections (unlike real inverters). All that our inverter comprises is a basic switching and timing circuit.

This specific frequency of 50 Hz is a fundamental design standard for almost all AC electrical equipment. Just like a clock needs to tick at a precise rate to tell accurate time, electrical devices like motors rely on the AC power cycling exactly 50 times per second. If the frequency deviates too much, it can cause motors to speed up or slow down incorrectly, or sensitive electronics to malfunction. Our simple inverter, despite its limitations, is designed to produce 50 Hz because that's what the heater and any other AC device expect.

Our load is a large but mechanically simple industrial heater. It has a large coil that produces heat by running a current through it. Importantly, the heater has a dial to adjust temperature (which can change its power consumption). The heater is currently set to draw 10MW of power.

That’s the start, with a simplified system in equilibrium, all is well. The heater is producing heat, and you can make up your own story about what the heat is used for. The important point is that the voltage, current, and frequency are all stable.

Next, the foreman operating the heater turns the dial up to increase the heat output. Assume the heater now wants to draw 20MW of power. We’re simplifying, so also assume that in this instant, the voltage remains at 1000V.

To draw this much power, the heater now has to draw more current (because power = voltage x current, it’s the rules). Since we assumed the voltage remains at 1000V, there is an instantaneous demand for more power from the battery than it was previously supplying.

The battery now attempts to supply this current, which means the current must flow through the battery’s components, the inverter’s components, and the wire connecting the battery to the heater. All of these physical components have resistance. This means the actual voltage the heater receives will be lower than 1000V.

Now that the heater is receiving voltage lower than 1000V, things start to go wrong. The power consumed by the heater is proportional to the square of the voltage across it (rules are rules), so power = voltage^2 / resistance. Following this rule, since the voltage has decreased, then that means the actual power the heater draws will be less than the 20MW desired. For example, it might only draw 15MW, but it depends on the resistances in all the components, which we haven’t set.

Things just get uglier. The battery and inverter are operating under extreme stress, trying to deliver the higher current demanded, but at reduced voltage. Inside the inverter and the battery, the components start getting hot (rules, again). Since we assumed the battery and inverter are super simple, the inverter can't adjust its power output based on actual grid conditions (like a sophisticated one would); it can only fail. Then the heater goes out, and the foreman gets mad; it’s just a bad day all around. 

The fix: add a spinny thing.

Reimagine the situation just as before, but now, instead of a battery, imagine the source of power is a contemporary synchronous generator system. Say it’s a hydro plant, where the spinning turbine is directly connected to the grid. This generator, unlike the battery-inverter, inherently uses its large rotating mass to move a metal rod up and down inside a magnetic coil and produces AC power. Importantly, it synchronises with our system’s required 50 Hz rhythm.

In this case, the story proceeds as before. When the foreman turns the heater dial up the heater wants to draw 20MW. In this case, the increased current flows through the impedance of the generator’s internal components and the wire. Just as before, this causes an immediate, rapid voltage drop at the heater’s terminals. In that instant, the heater will not get its desired 20MW because the voltage is too low.

Since the generator’s power output is less than the load demand, the lack of energy causes the rotating mass of the generator to decelerate (energy is conserved), and the frequency of the AC power in the system drops below 50 HZ. Because the generator’s turbine is a large mass, it has substantial inertia (pesky rules again), so the drop in frequency happens much more slowly than in our first story, and there is no catastrophic failure of the system. Instea,d this inertia buys time for the system to react.

The reaction comes from the manager of the generator. In the real world, this is a piece of software called a governor, but it’s useful to imagine it’s a person. The manager sees the drop in frequency and presses some buttons to let more water flow to the turbine, the frequency climbs back to 50 HZ and the power output of the generator increases.

Then the heater gets its required 20MW of power at 1000V and 50Hz, and the foreman is happy, everyone’s happy, it’s just a good time.

Frequency, in this simple system, indicates power imbalances and triggers the manager of the generator to respond. Equally, we could have assumed the foreman can be notified that he shouldn’t increase the heater’s dial - we can manage the imbalance either on the supply (generator) or demand (heater) side, or a mix of both. 

This hints at a crucial question: how the hell do we coordinate this? Even with just a single load and a single generator, what sort of contracts would the foreman and generator manager need to keep everything running?

Part deux: AEMO, the not-so-invisible hand coordinating the market

Above is a story of a system with one load and one generator, without protections for the management of voltage or frequency. I walked through how this simple system could suffer a catastrophic breakdown as a result of the load increasing. Followed by a slight added complexity, which solves the issue. 

Everything that applies in the simplified model also applies in the real world; the basic principles scale up and create complex incentives, coordination, and knowledge problems. 

In my simple story, there was a manager in charge of the generator and a foreman in charge of the heater. In the much more complex National Electricity Market (NEM), there’s a third main actor: Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO, because it operates the energy market, perfect naming convention). Among a host of competing priorities, AEMO has one role we’re particularly interested in: making sure we have a good time, i.e making sure the grid is stable. How it does so is the economics bit.

The NEM covers a huge geographic area (all the way up the East Coast from South Australia up to North Port Douglas). Within the vast area it covers are around 10 million customer connections (source). AEMO provides an interactive map that shows you how many substations there are - lots! 

here's a map from AEMO

With all those connections and interconnections, the only constant is change. Strong winds can suddenly break connections, generators can trip for a host of reasons, and sometimes physics just says “no”.

On the flip side, sometimes large loads connect unpredictably and want instant power to be available. The physics says supply must equal demand or things get bad, so how does AEMO make sure supply equals demand?

In short, dispatch instructions. AEMO coordinates the supply-side market participants using signals to their control rooms. The economics of it could be summed up as: AEMO is a visible hand trying to approximate the role of Smith’s invisible hand in the market*.

Though not the focus of my current article, dispatch can be (over)simplified as follows: Every five minutes, generators send an offer to AEMO containing a price-quantity pair for power output. AEMO sorts the offer from lowest price to highest and matches supply to forecasted demand, starting from the lowest offer to create a dispatch interval/dispatch window, within system constraints. Importantly, generators all receive the highest marginal price (spot price) of all offers within the dispatch interval. Then, all generators included in the dispatch interval receive revenue equal to their power dispatched times the spot price.

So, assuming the system is in balance. This plays out, and everyone’s happy. But that’s not guaranteed in such a complex interconnected system like the NEM. So, what happens if, after offers are placed and power is scheduled, a generator suddenly trips off (cutting supply) or a large load connects unexpectedly (rapidly ramping up demand)?

AEMO needs some sort of backup power supply or backup demand as a contingency for when imbalances happen. One of such contingencies is what we call this service provision Frequency Control Ancillary Services (FCAS). So named because AEMO uses system frequency to understand where, when, and how much extra supply or demand (load) is required to return the system to the normal stable operation. 

But AEMO doesn’t own any generators, batteries, or large loads itself. So, how does it get them? Someone came up with the idea that you can sell backup supply or demand (load) to AEMO, for a fee. This idea implies that AEMO has to find the right incentives to bring backup supply or backup demand (load) online in a flash.

There’s a market for that! 

Actually, there are eight markets, but we’re simplifying.

To procure FCAS, AEMO runs a similar auction process to the market for power. Participants submit bids to AEMO every five minutes, containing a service type and availability across up to 10 price bands. The service type is one of: increase/decrease frequency in one of the three time intervals.

AEMO then considers all bids and finds the least-cost solution that meets all system requirements, matching the supply of FCAS to the demand for FCAS. Just like in the market for power, AEMO orders the FCAS bids into a “merit order” based on price for each service type (lowest price to highest price). It then decides which bids it will accept and pays all accepted bids the highest marginal price of all accepted bids. This creates a price signal for FCAS in the market.

The design has obvious intentions: FCAS suppliers win big if they can be super low cost while their competitors are high cost. 

Just like in the market for power, once bids are accepted, AEMO sends a signal to the control panels of the FCAS participants. 

You can see how , by following this process, AEMO acts to approximate the emergent order (or invisible hand) of a market by creating price signals for both power supply as well as FCAS. Then, physically matching those price signals with the actual power flows using a (pretty amazing, honestly) control scheme. 

The idea that AEMO is only approximating the invisible hand is important; I’ll explore that more deeply in future articles.

That’s the physics and market mechanisms in a nutshell. But who sells FCAS to AEMO, and what about the mullah, dollars, buckerinos, fat stacks?

Part tres: How big is the market

Firstly, who can participate in the FCAS market? As far as I understand, it’s quite open; if you invent a device that meets the standards and go through the application process, then you can participate. AEMO’s concern is system stability, so from their POV, any particular device is fair game as long as you meet the engineering standards. 

One common example is certain electricity retailers who use their customers’ hot water cylinders as a demand response. By sending an electrical signal to your hot water cylinder, the company can turn it off for a short period, reducing demand (load). There’s a complex “annoyance cost” paid by the consumer of their hot water cylinder being turned off, but then that’s balanced against potentially lower bills as the electricity retailer can substitute FCAS revenue. 

Another example is grid-scale batteries; these can build or release charge on a whim. For batteries, the incentives are about whether their charge is worth more in the spot market or in the supply response FCAS market. If the battery is connected to a facility like a solar plant, then the incentives get more complex; is it worth selling power instantly or building charge in the battery for potential spot market or FCAS later? Add in a futures market and you just get more complexity.

A final, still emerging, example is bitcoin miners, these are basically just computers. These machines can be powered up or down relatively quickly and easily with little ill physical effects, and no ill effects to the Bitcoin network or protocol. When they are powered up, they earn a stream of income for the owners in the form of bitcoin.

This creates an interesting dynamic when bitcoin miners participate in the FCAS market; their FCAS bid, all else equal, should be at least the value of the opportunity cost of not mining bitcoin.

A completely unanswered question is what happens if bitcoin mining becomes a large proportion of FCAS? Consider a case where the FCAS from bitcoin miners drops out of the market because bitcoin fees spike and miners find it more profitable to mine rather than provide FCAS.

Alright, but the money! Surely FCAS is lucrative?

AEMO publishes data on FCAS. The most readily understandable data is the payment data. This is, as the name suggests, how much AEMO paid to FCAS participants over the eight service types (and in each State/Territory in the NEM) each month. This is the raw revenue of FCAS market participants. One way to think of it is as the cost of stability. 

In total, FCAS payments have been about $39 million this year (up to week 20, which ended May 18). 

AEMO has also provided total revenue for FCAS from batteries in the NEM, specifically in its Quarterly Energy Dynamics - Q1 2025, covering 1 January to 31 March 2025 report. This data suggests that batteries in the NEM have earned $69 million in 2024, which is 42.9 percent of all FCAS costs. This is remarkable to me, because grid-scale batteries are relatively new to the market as compared to other generation and storage technologies. 

The cause lies in the fact that batteries can* *have a low marginal cost to charge and discharge, so the fact that they captured such market share this fast highlights the idea that he who produces FCAS cheapest wins.

This data release also contains aggregate FCAS costs for all states. The data tells us that in 2024, total FCAS costs were $161 million.

The fact that there is such a healthy pot up for grabs speaks to the fragility of our grid, but also to the resilience; it's a strange duality.

With continued investment in solar generation, because such systems have little to no inertia, we could see increased frequency excursions (technical term for being out of range). Engineers are busy solving this using inverters, which simulate inertia. These are genius, but such innovations take time (and standards) to be adopted.

Then there’s the question of critical infrastructure risk - how tolerant can we be of instability when datacenters mining Bitcoin and running AI models are on the line

At the risk of repeating myself, the whole construction is very much a visible hand trying to approximate what Adam Smith’s invisible hand might do. 

Fin

Full disclosure, I do use AI (Gemini specifically) to help me research, learn, and write my articles, but I go over everything multiple times to make it my own voice and reflect my own ideas.

*Adam Smith described the idea of an invisible hand, which directs the market, coordinating people's desires, as a metaphor to explain how people in a market somehow end up serving each other's best interests even without directly communicating.

@ 81022b27:2b8d0644

Today some clients and I were talking and they asked me about my recent seminar where I attended the “Unleash The Power Within” seminar with Tony Robbins. I explained that the firewalk I performed was not the highlight of the seminar, It was all the junk I got rid of mentally. We talked some more and then someone said something a little derogatory about Scientology.

I said, “wait a second, Scientology changed my life!”

It’s true. Some of the things I learned through Dianetics and Scientology were catalysts in me changing my entire life around.

It started one evening in Coral Gables, FL when I was walking down the street going to meet someone for dinner. I was stopped by a lady holding a clipboard outside of a 50’s-looking building.

“Would you like to take personality test?”

I asked: “What’s that?”

She explained and since I’m always early to things, I had plenty of time to kill. I said: “Sure! let’s do it!”

I took the test and the results seemed spot on. Then they asked if I would like to learn more about the mind , I could sign up for a course for a modest amount and I was genuinely curious about the whole deal and I agreed.

The Class I came back like a week later to start the class. I’m remembering that building had a distinct smell. It wasn’t bad. I can’t really describe it, but if I ever smell something similar, I’d recognize it instantly.

I walked in and they took me to a big room, a classroom with lots of tables and chairs. Every table had a small box with objects in it. There were people reading, there were people in groups studying, lots of chatter.

It seemed exciting!

I don’t remember if it was my first lesson or not, but we had to do TR’s (Training Routines) and I was asked to sit across from some guy and just stare at him. Look him in the eyes and not laugh, not blink excessively, just keep your composure.

Bah! Stupid! But I can do this!

We started the exercise and it seemed silly at first, but then my heart started racing and started freaking out. It felt like I was in a tunnel, but somehow his eyes were attacking me.

Then all of a sudden I’m hovering 8 feet above myself and I’m looking at the situation from above.

Next thing I know, I’m back in my body and the exercise is over.

The teacher, or facilitator came by to ask me how everything went. I started to tell her exactly what happened and she was writing very matter-of-fact-ly.

“And then I left my body!,” I emphasized.

“So you exteriorized?” She asked.

“I guess.”, I mumbled.

What really made me curious is these people are just nonchalantly just writing down stuff like it’s no big deal.

They got me. I was hooked.

Auditing

I started doing some courses whenever I had some free time: maybe once or twice a week. I learned that there is something that they call the “reactive mind” and that past traumas can affect someone in the present time.

We did this exercise that when my “Auditor” would snap her fingers, I would repeat the first word that popped into my mind, until we got a string of words. I would the repeat this string of words until they “lost their charge” and had no effect.

During one of these sessions, I

felt like I was choking.

No, not choking !

I could taste salt water!

I was drowning!

This shook me up because I had no recollection of almost drowning like that.

I asked my mother if I ever almost drowned and I was surprised by her answer.

She said; “Yes. We were at the beach-you were a baby and in the water with your father. A wave got both of you and your dad had to throw you towards me like a football, because he couldn’t fight the riptide.”

Wow.

Study Tech

before you start the “heavy” course, you must learn how to study. So they have designed a way to teach people “How.”

I thought, “wow, no one ever really taught me how to study.”

In high school, I kind of just skated by, with no need to ever read or do much. I didn’t make valedictorian, but I was discovering my social life and that was top priority for me at the time.

They showed me if you read something and can’t remember what you just read, t means you read past a misunderstood word. You never skip a word you don’t understand. There are always dictionaries at every study table.

If you get woozy and want to bail on the material being studied, then you have skipped a gradient, so you should go back to a point you understand and work back up.

If you get a headache while, studying, that means you have a “lack of mass” and the topic is abstract and you need to make it more physical to be able to understand it.

That is why they had those baskets with modeling clay and stuff in it, so you could model out concepts.

I still use this knowledge.

Basic Study Manual

The Purification Program

At some point one of the coaches pointed out that if I wanted to make quicker progress, I should do The Purification Program. The Program is designed to get rid of environmental toxins and medications and other materials that are stuck in your physical body and is interfering with your progress “up the bridge”

So of course, I am fascinated by this idea and sign up for the course, This time, it;s a lot of books and it’s going to cost be some serious cash. I didn’t have that kind of money, because I was scraping by on an assistant manager at Wendy’s salary.

No worries, take out a new credit card to pay for it. And one of the members drove out to my work to get the signature (and $$) to pay for the course. I think It was the end of the month and they got a bonus if I signed up before then.

The Program

The program basically consists of sitting in a sauna for 5 hours a day, Taking supplements: cal-mag, megadoses of niacin, and oils

It was perfectly organized: we were taken to a different part of the building to an area with a eucalyptus smell. We were shown the sauna-it was a large sauna , It could hold like 10 people.

We were given our supplements and then told to jog for few blocks around the building and then come into the sauna.

By the time you are done with the run, the niacin has kicked in and given you a nice “flush” skin is red and blood vessels have dilated. Now you’re ready for the sauna.

Everything done here is monitored. The guy supervising us was a Medical Doctor and he recorded weight going in and was always available supervising and answering any questions.

Five hours a day in a sauna is a LONG time- especially with someone like me who is not crazy about sweating constantly.

You were free to come in and out to prevent from getting overheated and get in the shower to cool off.

I brought reading material, I was doing this!

Reactions

X Ray Radiation

For the first couple of days, nothing significant happened except my skin started getting better.

One day as I am leaving the sauna to cool off, I take a look in the mirror and it looks like I’d been in a fight. Both my eyes had black rings like bruises around them.

I asked the attendant what this was and he looked at them and asked me if I had been exposed to many x-rays. I said that yes, I had been a sick kid and had tons of diagnostic procedures and medicines and stuff.

He said : “Ok, get back in there! You’re just running out x-ray radiation”

Came back out about 20 minutes later and the rings were gone.

Medications

I’m sitting in the sauna and I start getting sleepy. More like “anesthesia count down to ten sleepy”

Again, I was concerned, so I asked attendant what the deal was and he said I was likely detoxing from medicines and drugs I’d taken.

Went back in until it cleared up.

Chlorine

One day there were about 5 of us in the sauna and all of a sudden a strong smell of chlorine started. It keeps getting worse until it was so bad it was burning our eyes. We all exited the sauna thinking there was some sort of chlorine spill or something like that.

The attendant asked: “Has any of you worked as a pool maintenance tech?”

We looked around and one guy raised his hand.

The attendant said “Ok! Everyone dismissed for today except for you!” as he pointed to the Pool Tech guy. “Get back in there!”

I was doing this in the mornings when I had the evening shifts at the restaurant and when I worked days, Id try to make it to the sauna in the evenings.

After about 3 weeks, everything started to taper off and I was done.

I was feeling great and there was something different about everything, I felt like I was more awake and aware. And my skin and complexion were fabulous!

Clear Body, Clear Mind

The Sea Org

At some point, the people in charge routed me to talk to someone one in the Sea Org.

It was a small glass office, like the one you are led into when you are buying a car. I was greeted by a man in an impressive looking uniform like Captain Steubing from the “Love Boat”.

He said they had been watching me and my progress and were impressed with my IQ score. He said I stood out among the other people and compared me to this woman we could see through the glass.

He basically ripped her to shreds in front of me, telling me how her life was in chaos and how she had created all of her chaos and that somehow I was different from her.

They basically offered me a job.

One catch:

I had to sign a contract for a “billion years” and I couldn’t be in debt.

Seeing I was already in debt from some of the previous courses, I didn’t qualify. Also a billion years seemed a bit long.

I thanked him and said I would consider it- I was pretty sure it was a solid no, but I didn’t want to tell him that. I was probably intimidated by the uniform.

Healing with Vitamins

This was not an official class or anything, but during my time there, I saw whenever someone was having issues with their body, they would consult with one of the counselors and they would look into a little book: “Earl Mindell’s Vitamin Bible” or see a chiropractor down the road who was apparently a Scientologist.

I used what little I learned and suggested home remedies to my Wendy’s employees and their families and developed a little side gig offering supplements to anyone willing to listen.

The Bottom Line

I know there is a lot of negative press and negativity in general about Scientology, but be clear about this: Scientology changed my life!

I’m not an active Scientologist, and don’t feel like I want to go back. But it definitely shaped me into the person that I am today.

If there is bias against the church in this article, it’s just the way that it’s run. Running an organization like an MLM encourages bad behavior.

I have moved countless times since those days, and the first piece of forwarded mail is usually from a Scientology Org.

I’m not sure I would have taken the steps to make a drastic change and decide to attend chiropractic school had it not been for my brief time in Scientology,

Love,

-Dan

@ d360efec:14907b5f

@ 81022b27:2b8d0644

I did my chiropractic studies at Life University in Georgia. When I picked schools, I had no idea about chiropractic philosophies or the politics in chiropractic.

I picked Life for two reasons: It was the closest to home (Miami at the time), and it was the first one to get back to me and tell me I was accepted.

My chiropractor in Miami wanted me to attend Palmer College, but that was in Iowa, and it sounded remote and cold. So, hell no.

I was so excited to start my new life that I crammed a U-Haul with all my junk and headed to Marietta.

Once classes started, someone suggested I join clubs to make friends.

I asked around, and there was this club having an upcoming party. It was Spizz Club. Spizz was short for Spizzerinctum, which meant “chiropractic enthusiasm.”

Well, I had a lot of that—plus, there were some attractive girls in that club.

I showed up at the party, which was at a student’s apartment, and got greeted with a long, uncomfortable hug. Do you remember the old cartoon of Pepe Le Pew and the cat? Well, I was the cat.

I grabbed a beer and started mingling. It was one uncomfortably long hug after another. Some made moaning sounds!

Fucking weirdos.

I got invited to a philosophy class while I was at the party. My social calendar wasn’t exactly overflowing, so I went.

Wow! These people were explaining concepts I’d known deep down my entire life, but I was hearing them out loud for the first time.

Deciding to move 700 miles away and change careers was a rash and selfish decision because I was running away.

Running from:

Failure

A failed marriage

Failure at real estate

Failure at finding something I was good at

Failure at being happy

Failure as a student, ten years after high school with no degree.

Here I am, listening to the speakers, and I realized this was different.

Maybe this was MY thing.

Maybe I could be a chiropractor.

Maybe I could help people.

Maybe I could be proud of myself.

Maybe someone could be proud of me.

That night changed me. The weirdos seemed less weird. I made friends, I found my footing.

Chiropractic college was tough, much tougher than I expected. I had always kind of “skated by,” but now I had to put in hard work because I hadn’t been in school full-time for ten years.

I also had never lived the college life, and apparently I was partying too much. We hit the bars to blow off steam after midterms and finals—turns out, there were a lot midterms and finals.

I almost flunked out one quarter, but there was a lot going on. My 85-year-old dad came to visit and was going to stay with me for a bit, then he passed away suddenly.

I had a lot of guilt from that, thinking that I could have done something different and could have stayed around a little longer. That guilt would resurface years later in a Craniosacral therapy session.

I couldn’t fail at this. This was too important. I went to a Hypnotherapist to see if maybe I could get “programmed” to not flunk out. Apparently, it worked.

Funny thing, I worked hard and time passed. We did it. We graduated and made it through.

Look, those brutal study sessions weren’t easy, and almost flunking out scared the hell out of me. I am thankful that Chiropractic passion stuck with me. That Spizz still gets me through some days.

Live Long and Prosper,

-Danny

@ 81022b27:2b8d0644

How the birth of my grandson is making me re-think my own future

I just became a grandfather. My youngest daughter had a baby boy.

I’m thrilled.

And

I’m scared.

Babies are pure potential Infinite possibilities, all sorts of different paths they could take.

They haven’t drank the Kool-Aid, or in fact any Kool-Aid at all, lol

Will he be gregarious and outgoing?

Will he be shy and introverted?

Will he want to be an artist?

An engineer?

Will he be brave or scared?

Will he be like his grandfather, trying to overcompensate in his later life for being afraid of nearly everything in the early part of his life?

I am thrilled. All the grandparents that I have ever met said to me:

Just wait until you have grandkids, its different

And yes, it is different.

I’m not so worried about the how to take care of the baby-all I have to do is love him.

The other day, I was just holding him and was able to stay in “the love state” for the longest time ever.

(The love state is the goal of a meditation that I do-The goal is to stay “in love” feeling for as long as you can.)

I was able to get to this place so easily with him!

He has also taught me to slow down even more. He is not in a hurry to do anything. His job is to eat, poop and grow.

I feel like I get to savor the time I get with him even more than with my own kids.

I’m Scared His mom has had her share of issues.

She is now a single mom trying to navigate all the responsibilities of being a parent.

I didn’t think she was ready, but here we are.

She doesn’t have her mom to help guide her, but I thank god that she has Christi-my girlfriend. She has been such an incredible support for both Audrey and me.

I’m scared mostly because now my own future is uncertain.

I had my future planned out like where i wanted to retire-the things I wanted to do and now this little guy has me re-thinking all my plans about the future.

Here’s to uncertainty!!

Live Long and Prosper 🖖,

-Dan

Links | The Natural Life | The Intuitive Chiropractor

@ 81022b27:2b8d0644

Today is Mother’s Day and throughout the day I’ve been texting my friends who are moms and wishing them well on their day.

A buddy of mine sent me a text and said “Happy Mother’s Day, lol!”

Immediately replied back “same to you!”

Then I started thinking: Did he mean that because I am both father and mother to my daughters? Or was it just typical guy behavior (from my era) joking around calling me gay.

Then I got to thinking about how today is tough for my daughters because they lost their mom to cancer over 4 years ago.

I was driving when i got the text and next thing I know tears are streaming down my face. Maybe it has been tough for me too.

These girls have NEEDED their mom on so many occasions! I could never fill those shoes!

I could have really used her help with our youngest daughter. Maybe she could have said ONE thing to her to make her thing twice about un-aliving herself.

Maybe she could’ve shared my grief, or maybe we could’ve just talked about the situation and how we can get our tortured little girl back from her uncomfortable reality.

Full disclosure: My daughters are all adults, and their mother and I were no longer together. We had been divorced for about 8 years when she passed.

When she passed away, I felt like I couldn’t grieve-after all, I was just the ex-husband.

Took me a while to realize that I had lost a family member too. I don’t think I have completely gotten over it, at least not well. There was a lot of anger and resentment in the divorce and over the years we had tried to be civil, and even had holiday celebrations with EVERYONE attending. Come to find out, the new husband hated that arrangement.

Before she passed, we said we still loved each other and said our goodbyes. I told her I would look after our daughters and made sure her mom was ok. Maybe i’m feeling so emotional because I feel like I’ve made a mess of things here or I’m simply not over it yet.

Happy Mother’s Day!

@ 81022b27:2b8d0644

I love my job, I really do. Helping people feel better, getting their bodies back in line-it’s why I show up every day.

But some of my clients?

Some of them act like I’m a magician who can fix years of you ignoring their body in one session.

So, here’s the unfiltered truth—what I’d really like to say when they’re sitting there, complaining, not listening, and interfering with their own healing process. Buckle up, because I’m not holding back.

• There’s nothing wrong with you! Just keep getting adjusted regularly, and for God’s sake, stop going to the medical doctor.
• Stop saying you don’t know what happened.
• You didn’t even try it out before; you’re saying it still hurts. Move around a little!
• No, I’m not doing the fucking ring-dinger that you saw someone do on TikTok.
• No, it’s not because you’re old. It’s because you don’t take care of yourself.
• You’re only 35; you’re not allowed to say you’re old.
• No wonder you don’t listen to your body—you can’t shut up for five seconds to listen to anything!
• Yes, like I’ve told you countless times before-the nervous system controls everything, that’s why you feel great after an adjustment.
• No, I don’t really know why that other chiropractor does the “Flying 7” on all their clients
• You’re the problem.
• No, I’m not making it hurt. It hurts already. I’m trying to fix this.
• Your attitude sucks. No wonder everything hurts.
• You’ve been coming to see me for years, but only when something hurts. The best I can do when you’re hurting is get you out of pain. Imagine if you came in when you’re not in pain—maybe we could really accomplish something then! (Oh, yeah—I do tell them this already!)
• You hate your (job/wife/kids) and you wonder why you’re having health issues?
• It’s not arthritis. Your doctor just wants you to shut up about that pain.
• Tell your doctor that I said he doesn’t know what the hell he is talking about!
• You’d be better off if you flushed all those medications down the toilet and started over.
• How’s that surgery worked out for you? What number surgery is that?
• A little bit of exercise isn’t going to kill you.

I know that makes me sound like i’m grumpy all the time, but that’s just not true. Most of my clients think that I’m just there to fix the pain, but I am freeing, directing life force-allowing it to flow freely throughout the body.

“I suffer for my art”

a client said this quote explains what I feel. I think it’s a bit harsh.

What would you say to YOUR people?

Live Long and prosper!

_Dan from http://theintuitivechiropractor.com

@ c9badfea:610f861a

1. Install Saber (it's free and open source)
2. Open the app
3. Tap + and select New Note
4. Explore the tools in the upper toolbar:
   • Tap ⬅️ to go back to the main screen
   • Tap ⋮ to change the background (e.g. grid, college-ruled, lined, or custom image/PDF)
   • Tap 📄 to insert a new page
   • Tap 🪟 to view all pages
5. Explore the tools in the bottom toolbar:
   • Tap the selected pen tool ✒️ to adjust its settings (e.g. size and behavior)
   • Tap ✏️ to use the pencil tool
   • Tap 🖊️ to use the highlighter
   • Tap ⚪️ to change the current color
   • Tap 👆 to enter move mode
   • Tap ⬅️ to undo, or ➡️ to redo
   • Tap ⠪ to export your drawing as a PDF
6. Start creating handwritten notes and drawings!

@ 84b0c46a:417782f5

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こていたんさんのアイコン

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5/26 nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpq4np5cygstsu65vsx0ggphrv23kj4z553sh39xwyur08pqvdsqrqyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qywhwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgu3wwa5hyetydejhgtn2wqq3vamnwvaz7tmnv4shycmg9ehx7ueww3hkgcteqqspk6e9e9wph23lt7xumuuu90rayzcswp3gz96c3w25raq9r9agw5cnfgve5

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5/27 nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzqxlwemj4760tc2ysgqmqdu5tt68th2er6gn8xrsjkjlhvtff6gtzqyt8wumn8ghj7um9v9exx6pwdehhxtn5dajxz7gpzemhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzv9hxgqpqlq0lp52xg7uv4wwzuqy9yhtmcpy5v8ad8v7ft9xcwkdncd97h66q0wmawu

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KAZもさん nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpvly86xv0ekl7gar8kfp8glfztvftvwrusjsys8qexwmal3sdz6lqywhwumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytnrdakhq6tvv5kk2unjdaezumn9wsq3wamnwvaz7tmwdaehgu3wd968gctwd4hjumt9dcqs6amnwvaz7tmev9382tndv5qjqamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fddfczumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqywhwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgu3wwa5hyetydejhgtn2wqq3zamnwvaz7tmwveex2mrp0yhxzursqyfhwumn8ghj7am0wshxummnw3ezumn9wsqzpk3nll8rr3sj6adsrfrlgjpj4cyn2sg9rmlz9m2djwk5zp2ku80czfr460

5/28 kaijiさん nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpvly86xv0ekl7gar8kfp8glfztvftvwrusjsys8qexwmal3sdz6lqyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qywhwumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytnrdakhq6tvv5kk2unjdaezumn9wsqjqamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fddfczumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqywhwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgu3wwa5hyetydejhgtn2wqq3zamnwvaz7tmwveex2mrp0yhxzursqythwumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytnfw36xzmndduhx6etwqyfhwumn8ghj7am0wshxummnw3ezumn9wsqzpt7w33qv7tlywj0wphremkdft6dpnv3z8mvw0t2pdxcgvlzw6sathjmz0v

マルフォイ nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpvly86xv0ekl7gar8kfp8glfztvftvwrusjsys8qexwmal3sdz6lqyw8wumn8ghj7umjw3ex2mrp0yhxxttnw3jkcmrpwghxuet5qyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtt2wqhxummnw3ezuamfwfjkgmn9wshx5uqpr4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqyghwumn8ghj7mnxwfjkccte9eshquqpzdmhxue69uhhwmm59ehx7um5wghxuet5qqs8r0frcfwqkgpefhd0knjurekna8ztnq69432f3k00wccd0vcrl5c6qr3gh

5/29 nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzqrec47eremps2u8wvnu6f2sfjg5njhkrxuw9l6r8uzwfzy2gqq2aqyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qywhwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgu3wwa5hyetydejhgtn2wqq3vamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwdehhxarj9e3xzmnyqqsp2c6xh22lfj2ccy95lqu584hfpfz0ds7w2llnf4sv2qs445yqcgqmgwq57

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nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpk28l9nyyf4av8f8j8jhh8k60mt2sc643ux2td3n547kvk4lrsglqyt8wumn8ghj7um9v9exx6pwdehhxtn5dajxz7gpzemhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzv9hxgqpqn2pfqkgcfk3cdhtvkqqlfycsy2j2xe6c6jz8gzfxlnddnq8jq6vqecuvwy

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5/30 nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzp54kkqfyshkxm078mpzygmfxpqfq6fwu2njry424strce6dmvhwyqqstc5jak2vax4uejyrmu2td3w0spv6k4mds9sfwqtvmh0hwaa3eststwmtzt

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@ a8d1560d:3fec7a08

NIP-XX

Documentation and Wikis with Spaces and Format Declaration

draft optional

Summary

This NIP introduces a system for collaborative documentation and wikis on Nostr. It improves upon earlier efforts by adding namespace-like Spaces, explicit content format declaration, and clearer separation of article types, including redirects and merge requests.

---

Motivation

Previous approaches to wiki-style collaborative content on Nostr had two key limitations:

1. Format instability – No declared format per event led to breaking changes (e.g. a shift from Markdown to Asciidoc).
2. Lack of namespace separation – All articles existed in a global space, causing confusion and collision between unrelated projects.

This NIP addresses both by introducing:

• Spaces – individually defined wikis or documentation sets.
• Explicit per-article format declaration.
• Dedicated event kinds for articles, redirects, merge requests, and space metadata.

---

Specification

kind: 31055 – Space Definition

Defines a project namespace for articles.

Tags: - ["name", "<space title>"] - ["slug", "<short identifier>"] - ["description", "<optional description>"] - ["language", "<ISO language code>"] - ["license", "<license text or SPDX ID>"]

Content: (optional) full description or README for the space.

---

kind: 31056 – Article

An article in a specific format belonging to a defined space.

Tags: - ["space", "<slug>"] - ["title", "<article title>"] - ["format", "markdown" | "asciidoc" | "wikitext" | "html"] - ["format-version", "<format version>"] (optional) - ["prev", "<event-id>"] (optional) - ["summary", "<short change summary>"] (optional)

Content: full body of the article in the declared format.

---

kind: 31057 – Redirect

Redirects from one article title to another within the same space.

Tags: - ["space", "<slug>"] - ["from", "<old title>"] - ["to", "<new title>"]

Content: empty.

---

kind: 31058 – Merge Request

Proposes a revision to an article without directly altering the original.

Tags: - ["space", "<slug>"] - ["title", "<article title>"] - ["base", "<event-id>"] - ["format", "<format>"] - ["comment", "<short summary>"] (optional)

Content: proposed article content.

---

Format Guidelines

Currently allowed formats: - markdown - asciidoc - wikitext - html

Clients MUST ignore formats they do not support. Clients MAY apply stricter formatting rules.

---

Client Behavior

Clients: - MUST render only supported formats. - MUST treat space as a case-sensitive namespace. - SHOULD allow filtering, browsing and searching within Spaces. - SHOULD support revision tracking via prev. - MAY support diff/merge tooling for kind: 31058.

---

Examples

Space Definition

json { "kind": 31055, "tags": [ ["name", "Bitcoin Docs"], ["slug", "btc-docs"], ["description", "Developer documentation for Bitcoin tools"], ["language", "en"], ["license", "MIT"] ], "content": "Welcome to the Bitcoin Docs Space." }

Markdown Article

json { "kind": 31056, "tags": [ ["space", "btc-docs"], ["title", "Installation Guide"], ["format", "markdown"] ], "content": "# Installation\n\nFollow these steps to install the software..." }

Asciidoc Article

json { "kind": 31056, "tags": [ ["space", "btc-docs"], ["title", "RPC Reference"], ["format", "asciidoc"] ], "content": "= RPC Reference\n\nThis section describes JSON-RPC calls." }

Wikitext Article

json { "kind": 31056, "tags": [ ["space", "btc-docs"], ["title", "Block Structure"], ["format", "wikitext"] ], "content": "== Block Structure ==\n\nThe structure of a Bitcoin block is..." }

Redirect

json { "kind": 31057, "tags": [ ["space", "btc-docs"], ["from", "Getting Started"], ["to", "Installation Guide"] ], "content": "" }

Merge Request

json { "kind": 31058, "tags": [ ["space", "btc-docs"], ["title", "Installation Guide"], ["base", "d72fa1..."], ["format", "markdown"], ["comment", "Added step for testnet"] ], "content": "# Installation\n\nNow includes setup instructions for testnet users." }

---

Acknowledgements

This proposal builds on earlier ideas for decentralized wikis and documentation within Nostr, while solving common issues related to format instability and lack of project separation.

@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b

Originalni tekst na novimagazin.rs. / Autor: Mijat Lakićević

---

Razgovarao: Mijat Lakićević

Do januara ove godine Lazar Stojković je radio na UC Berkeley School of Information na poziciji asistenta Mortena Hansena, jednog od najistaknutijih profesora menadžmenta u svetu. U martu se, međutim, odlučuje da napusti akademsku karijeru i zauzima poziciju glavnog dizajnera proizvoda u jednom novom start-apu u San Francisku. Ono što za sada o tome može da kaže jeste da je okupljen “fantastičan tim” (o čemu, recimo, govori podatak da je “prethodna kompanija koju je osnovao naš CEO 2013. godine prodata za preko 200 miliona dolara”) u koji su investirale neke od najznačajnijih američkih “venture capital” firmi: Founder Collective (investirali u Uber, BuzzFeed, Periscope, IFTTT, Venmo, Vimeo, itd), General Catalyst (investirali u Airbnb, Snapchat, itd.); Formation 8 (investirali u Oculus). Pored toga, međutim, naš sagovornik nije izgubio sve veze sa Srbijom, naprotiv; trenutno kao mentor u beogradskom ICT Habu, ali i na druge načine, pomaže razvoj start-ap kompanija i povezivanje naše tehnološke zajednice sa Silicijumskom dolinom.

U SAD ima mnogo naših ljudi, naročito u oblasti visokih tehnologija, ali povratne sprege nema. Dačić je pre dve godine bio u SAD na investicionoj konferenciji, kakvi su efekti?

Efekti su svakako dobri za Dačića i pripadnike državne delegacije koja je turistički obišla Zapadnu obalu. Ni Majkrosoft nije loše prošao, jer mu je tadašnji predsednik Vlade usput ostavio još novca srpskih poreskih obveznika. Sve u svemu, ceo taj put mogao bi da se okvalifikuje više kao “shopping trip” za trošenje novca, nego kao investiciona konferencija za njegovo privlačenje. Osim toga, sam događaj u San Francisku bio je amaterski organizovan – niti je imao bilo kakav publicitet u lokalnim medijima, niti je postojala vidljivost u ovdašnjoj tehnološkoj zajednici.

Veću korist od toga donela je majska poseta mojih prijatelja iz 500 Start-ups, drugog najboljeg start-ap akceleratora u svetu, zvezdarskom ICT Habu. Osim predavanja koje su održali start-apima u Beogradu i Novom Sadu, njih trojica su tom prilikom odlučili da 500 Start-ups investira u TruckTrack Vuka Nikolića. Kasnije se jedan od njih odlučio i da kupi stan u Beogradu, jer se potpuno zaljubio u atmosferu srpske prestonice. To su direktne strane investicije, a ne politički marketing.

Što se povratne sprege između tehnološke dijaspore i Srbije tiče, ne bih se složio da ona uopšte ne postoji, ona je samo u skladu sa opštim privrednim okruženjem u zemlji.

Kakva je na osnovu vašeg iskustva ta poslovna klima?

Poslovnu klimu u Srbiji karakterišu: neefikasnost javne uprave i gomila nepotrebne birokratije; arhaičan sistem obrazovanja, uglavnom neprilagođen potrebama tržišta, koji ne proizvodi dovoljno kvalifikovane radne snage; sporost sudova i proizvoljno tumačenje čak i onih relativno savremenih zakona. Uvek se setim onih momaka koji su završili u zatvoru zbog affiliate sajta i dečka kome je tržišni inspektor uručio pozamašnu kaznu za obavljanje delatnosti za koju nije registrovan zbog 10 evra koje je dotični zaradio za godinu dana od specijalizovanog bloga o parfemima. Ako postoji nerazumevanje za bilo kakvo tehnološko preduzetništvo, čak i na tom najnižem nivou, šta onda reći za ozbiljnije poslove?

Kad ste već pomenuli visoke tehnologije, u Srbiji se mnogo govori da je to naša šansa, primer koji ste pomenuli to demantuje.

I ne samo to. U Srbiji nema propisa koji bi potpomogli dalji razvoj tehnološke industrije. Na primer, Srbija još uvek nema pravni ekvivalent “safe harbor” stavki iz američkog Digital milenijum kopirajt akta (Digital Millenium Copyright Act – DMCA), koji je na snazi još od 1998. godine, a predstavlja zakonski mehanizam zaštite za kreatore digitalnih proizvoda od pokušaja drugih da zloupotrebe njihove mobilne aplikacije.

Sa druge strane, ima mnogo propisa koji sprečavaju bilo kakav napredak u određenim oblastima, u čemu ubedljivo prednjači Narodna banka Srbije. Moj omiljeni primer čak nije ni ceo onaj višegodišnji cirkus sa PayPalom koji je nastao zbog zakona o deviznom poslovanju, već zabrana NBS da domaća pravna lica imaju bilo kakve veze sa bitkoinom. Čisto da stavimo stvari u perspektivu, dotična tehnološka inovacija koju po značaju mnogi ovde upoređuju sa World Wide Webom, počinje polako da menja kompletan dosadašnji finansijski sistem i, sa investicijama od blizu 360 miliona dolara, samo od početka ove godine predstavlja ubedljivo najbrže rastuću tehnološku oblast u svetu kada je reč o investiranje u start-apove. Naravno, od toga ni dinar neće završiti u Srbiji.

Posledice?

Nerazumevanje da u današnjem globalizovanom svetu niko ko se bavi tehnologijom jednostavno ne mora da trpi sve ovo gore pobrojano. Zahvaljujući poslovanju koje nije vezano za fizičku lokaciju, svako ima slobodu da bilo kada želi izmesti svoj biznis gde god poželi, a sa njim i kompletne poreske i druge prihode za zemlju u kojoj je biznis registrovan. I ljudi to i rade. Čim se pojave bilo kakvi prihodi, gotovo svi koji imaju veze sa tehnologijom – od frilensera do preduzetnika – Srbiji se zahvale na saradnji, zatvore firmu tu i otvore preko Interneta kompaniju u Delaveru, Singapuru ili negde drugde, jer im jednostavno ne pada na pamet da finansiraju postojeći sistem u Srbiji. Ubrzo nakon što se biznis izmesti iz Srbije, dobar deo shvati da ni oni ne moraju baš da budu tu, nakon čega sledi emigracija.

Najalarmantnija stvar u vezi sa ovim poslednjim je što se uopšte ne radi o običnim inženjerima, koji ionako odlaze u ogromnom broju već skoro 25 godina i čija svaka kupljena karta u jednom pravcu, bar u slučaju IT stručnjaka, Srbiju košta između 50 i 100 hiljada evra, jer je to cena njihovog obrazovanja. Ne, ovde je reč o preduzetnicima koji pokreću nove poslove, stvaraju vrednost, otvaraju nova radna mesta. A svako radno mesto u tehnološkoj industriji u proseku kreira još 4,3 druga radna mesta u privredi, dok, na primer, svako radno mesto u proizvodnji kreira samo 1,4 druga mesta. Njihov egzodus – koji se, bar sudeći po krugu ljudi koje poznajem, samo ubrzava poslednjih godina – ne samo da dugoročno znači ogroman finansijski gubitak za zemlju, već predstavlja i svojevrsnu nacionalnu katastrofu.

Dakle, povratne sprege nema, jer se oni ne vraćaju u Srbiju?

Zbog svih ovih stvari o kojima sam govorio retko kome ko je iole profesionalno ostvaren u inostranstvu uopšte pada na pamet da se vraća i pokreće bilo kakav biznis iz Srbije. Umesto toga, ljudi se odlučuju za nešto drugo: osnivaju kompanije tamo gde je poslovna klima dobra, što znači ne u Srbiji, a onda Srbiju koriste kao neku vrstu domaće autsorsing destinacije. Odnos cena-kvalitet tu je zaista odličan. Na primer, za godišnju platu jednog dobrog softverskog inženjera u San Francisku, u Beogradu se može zaposliti ceo tim.

Naravno, američke kompanije koje su osnovali naši ljudi koriste to kao “tajno oružje”, pa se tako, na primer, ceo razvojni tim veoma uspešnog start-apa Frejm iz Silicijumske doline nalazi u Nišu, jer je odatle njegov osnivač Nikola Božinović, koji inače već gotovo 20 godina živi u Americi. Takvih primera ima mnogo. Poznajem nekolicinu ljudi koji su potrošili bukvalno milione dolara na autsorsing u Srbiji tokom poslednjih desetak godina. Oni bi vrlo rado investirali u srpske start-apove, i ne samo oni, ali je ponuda još uvek jako tanka, poslovna klima nikome ne uliva poverenje, a start-ap ekosistem je u ranoj fazi razvoja, pa do tih transakcija još uvek ne dolazi u nekom značajnijem broju.

Start-ap eko sistem. Šta pod tim podrazumevate?

To znači, prvo, konačan prestanak maštanja o reindustrijalizaciji koju će doneti neki krupni investitori iz inostranstva. Oni se ionako, bar u novijoj istoriji Srbije, nikada nisu pojavljivali bez debelih subvencija i ekspresnog proglašavanja njihovih ugovora državnom tajnom. Drugo, to znači prepoznavanje resursa kojima raspolažemo, dakle pametnih mladih ljudi koji se bave tehnologijom, s jedne strane, i pružanje tim ljudima najboljih uslova za život i rad, sa druge, umesto da im se i jedno i drugo na svakom koraku otežava.

Na primer, šta bi se desilo kada bismo u Novom Sadu umesto brojnih postojećih firmi koje se bave autsorsing uslugama imali stotinjak kompanija fokusiranih na proizvode kao što je Eipix? Odgovor: imali bismo oko 15.000 novih radnih mesta, veoma bogatu prestonicu Pokrajine, visok rast životnog standarda u tom delu zemlje i mnogo naplaćenog poreza.

Ta prilika neće trajati večito. Procenat mladih preduzetnika kojima je jedini cilj da odu iz zemlje, jer u njoj ne vide nikakvu perspektivu, iz godine u godinu raste. Strani investicioni fondovi bukvalno otimaju najperspektivnije nove srpske start-apove. Na primer, bugarski Eleven raspolaže sa desetak miliona evra kapitala, mahom iz evropskih fondova. U okruženju koje im ne nudi baš ništa osim problema, tridesetak najzanimljivijih srpskih start-apova prodalo je svoje vlasničke udele Elevenu uz obavezu preseljenja u Sofiju, ruku na srce, uglavnom privremenog. Ko zna koliko će novih kompanija, koje bi mogle da budu novi Nordeusi, Srbija zbog toga izgubiti u korist svog istočnog suseda?

I vi spadate u grupu mladih ljudi koje opisujete. Opisali ste i razloge zbog kojih se odlazi. Ipak, konkretno, zašto ste vi otišli iz Srbije?

Kao što ste rekli, otišao sam iz svih onih na početku ovog razgovora navedenih razloga, plus opšta društvena klima koja je, nažalost, izuzetno nezdrava. Iako ima solidan potencijal da bude lepo mesto za život i posao, zemlja u kojoj sam rođen postala je udžbenički primer negativne društvene selekcije i jednostavno nije zemlja u kojoj želim da živim i u kojoj bih jednog dana trebalo da odgajam svoju decu.

Šta ste pronašli u Americi?

U Zalivskoj oblasti San Franciska pronašao sam jedno napredno, stimulativno, kosmopolitsko okruženje, zagledano u budućnost. To je neki jedinstveni koktel globalizacije, hakerskog idealizma, hipi etike, mešavine vrednosti koje kreira tehnološka industrija sa starim kapitalizmom Zapadne obale, umetničke ekscentričnosti San Franciska, tipično kalifornijske opuštenosti i vere u to da ovde svojim znanjem svet možemo da učinimo boljim mestom. Osim toga, Zalivska oblast, tj. Silicijumska dolina, ima ubedljivo najveću koncentraciju pametnih ljudi na jednom mestu u celom svetu.

Filozofija razvoja u SAD, u poređenju sa Srbijom, ako to uopšte ima smisla?

Poređenje nema previše smisla, jer su filozofije poslovanja i poslovna klima dijametralno suprotni između ove dve zemlje. Biznis je u Americi nacionalni sport broj jedan. Čak i ljudi koji rade relativno slabo plaćene poslove, trude se da imaju svoj mali investicioni portfelj hartija od vrednosti i svi prate kretanje cene akcija na berzi. Kada govorimo o preduzetništvu, kapital je dostupan za bilo koju dobru ideju. Start-apovi se ne fokusiraju toliko na profit na kraće staze, već teže brzom rastu. Tako nije ništa neobično da investitori u neki neprofitabilni biznis investiraju i po stotinjak miliona dolara. A desi se i, recimo, čak 1,2 milijarde kao u slučaju Snapchata, iako ta firma do sada nije napravila nijedan cent prihoda, jer znaju da će novac sam po sebi kasnije doći ako se napravi proizvod koji ima vrednost za veliki broj ljudi.

U Srbiji ništa od gore nabrojanog nije slučaj. Korporativizacija praktično ne postoji, što je posledica skandalozno visokih troškova osnivanja i vođenja akcionarskog preduzeća kao forme privrednog društva. Poređenja radi, u Americi osnivanje korporacije košta 150-300 dolara, završava se brzo preko Interneta, ne postoje tekući troškovi ako nema prihoda i zato maltene svi imaju registrovanu neku firmu. Pošto su korporacije u Srbiji za domaće privrednike skupa egzotika, većina ekonomske aktivnosti ide kroz preduzetnike – “sole proprietorship” – i društva sa ograničenom odgovornošću. Posledica toga je da je Beogradska berza danas potpuno irelevantan faktor, tako da je i interesovanje građana za investiranje tim putem praktično nepostojeće. To dalje vodi ka tome da se imućniji ljudi uglavnom odlučuju za investiranje u nekretnine, što je jedan od najkonzervativnijih pristupa investicijama i donosi najmanju dobit. Što se pokretanja novog posla tiče, u Srbiji to u većini slučajeva znači pozajmljivanje novca od PRP – porodica, rodbina i prijatelji – ili odlazak u banku po kredit. “Venture capital” ne postoji, što srpske firme onda stavlja pred izazov da moraju što pre da budu profitabilne, jer jednom kada početni kapital nestane – “game over”. Niko ne razmišlja o agresivnom rastu koji se kasnije može pretvoriti u masivne prihode i tržišnu dominaciju, jer su fokusirani na to kako da plate PDV sledećeg meseca za prodatu robu ili usluge koje još uvek nisu ni naplatili. Zbog toga svi otvaraju pekare, kafiće i kioske brze hrane: promet kreće odmah i “cash flow” se brzo stabilizuje. Zbog svega toga Srbija ima primitivnu ekonomiju koja je u proseku oko pola veka iza razvijenog sveta.

Predlagali ste pre dve godine da se Srbija orijentiše ka razvoju robotike, civilnih bespilotnih letelica i 3D štampe. Niko vas nije čuo. Šta se desilo u međuvremenu u tim sferama, da li je sad kasno za to, šta su nove prilike, ako ih ima?

Sva tri i dalje stoje kao ogromne prilike za razvoj, jer će potražnja u srednjem roku biti toliko veća od ponude da je i dalje u pitanju fantastična biznis prilika. Druge dve nove prilike su Bitcoin i Virtual Reality.

Bitcoin i kriptovalute – koje, kao što rekoh na početku, nijedno pravno lice u Srbiji ne sme ni da takne, zahvaljujući uobičajenoj kratkovidosti Narodne banke Srbije. Blockchain kao “open source” projekat već obećava da postane osnova svih finansijskih transakcija u budućnosti, i ne samo njih, a već sada počinje polako da ubija praistorijske biznise koji se oslanjaju na skupe informacione transakcije, kao što je na primer Vestern union.

Virtual Reality je drugi veliki talas tehnološke inovacije koji nama kao čovečanstvu, nakon tridesetak godina iščekivanja i razočaranja, konačno stiže zahvaljujući tehnologijama kao što su Oculus, u vlasništvu Facebooka; Magic Leap, glavni investitor Gugl; HoloLens, Majkrosoftovo čedo, pa čak i Cardboard, Guglov genijalni projekat za upotrebu pametnih telefona kao VR naočara. Ovaj mega trend će dugoročno potpuno promeniti gotovo celokupnu ljudsku interakciju sa mašinama, od toga kako radimo do toga kako se zabavljamo u slobodno vreme. Rekao bih da su startne pozicije što se platformi tiče već zauzete – bar za prvo vreme, jer su pomenute korporacije potrošile milijarde dolara na istraživanje i razvoj tih tehnologija – ali postoji ogroman prazan prostor što se tiče kreiranja sadržaja za njih. Narednih godina će se na tome praviti imperije.

@ c9badfea:610f861a

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@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b

Originalni tekst na bitcoin-balkan.com.

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Pregled sadržaja

1. Šta je blockchain?
2. Kako mogu da saznam više o Bitcoin-u?

Ukoliko niste pročitali naš uvodni tekst o Bitcoin-u, i zašto vam je važno da to učinite, onda prvo pročitajte: Šta je Bitcoin i kako on može da nam pomogne?

Bitcoin, sa velikim B na početku, odnosi se na mrežu računara koji održavaju knjigu stanja na akauntima bitcoin digitalne valute, slično kao što banke održavaju knjigu stanja na računima dolara, eura ili neke druge valute. Bitcoin softver, odnosno protokol, takođe omogućava korisnicima da putem interneta pošalju bitcoin-e sa svog akaunta na drugi akaunt, slično PayPal-u ili Venmo-u, ali bez kompanije koja pruža uslugu prenosa. Bitcoin softver je otvorenog koda, tako da svako može da ga pokrene na svom računaru i da se pridružiti mreži.

Najbolji način da se razume kako Bitcoin funkcioniše “iznutra” je da ga zamislimo kao finansijski sistem.

Centralne banke i vlade proizvode i distribuiraju novac pozajmljujući ga ljudima, i trošeći ga na oružje, puteve i socijalne programe. Ovaj sistem se naziva sistemom zasnovanom na dugovima, jer svaki put kada banka da zajam, stvara se nova valuta koja ranije nije postojala. Ova valuta ima vrednost jer dug koji ju je stvorio ima vrednost: primalac zajma obećava da će otplatiti svoj dug banci, plus kamate.

Kad god banka odobri kredit, ona stvara novu valutu. Ovo takodje važi i kada podignete hipoteku ili kredit za auto. Takođe se primenjuje i kada Američke Federalne Rezerve kupuju državne obveznice od vlade Sjedinjenih Država. U svakom od ovih slučajeva, banka šalje novonastalu valutu primaocu zajma. Primaoc zajma obećava banci da će u budućnosti vratiti tu valutu, plus kamate. Međutim, ulaz nove valute u sistem znači i da opada vrednost postojeće valute koja je u opticaju. To se dešava kroz proces koji se obično naziva inflacija.

Da bi imali koristi od pogodnih usluga koje nude banke, poput kreditnih kartica i digitalnih transfera novca, normalni ljudi i preduzeća obično novac drže na bankovnim računima. Svaka banka poseduje svoju knjigu sa računima svih svojih klijenata.

Banke su neophodne da bi omogućile digitalna plaćanja koja vršimo svakodnevno, jer su nam potrebne pouzdane strane koje bi proverile da li se sav računovodstveni sistem sabira. U suprotnom, bilo bi lako da neko uradi “copy-paste“ jednog dela digitalnog novca i da ga potroši dva puta, ili da doda par nula na stanje svog računa.

Sada razumemo nekoliko ključnih tačaka o trenutnom sistemu zasnovanom na dugu: banke proizvode novu valutu svaki put kad pozajmljuju novac, a većina ljudi svoj novac čuva u bankama koje im nude pogodnosti.

Bitcoin je malo drugačiji. Hajde da započnemo ovo putovanje sa pitanjem.

Šta ako bi svi posedovali knjigu stanja na računima, baš kao i banka?

Umesto da banke poseduju po jednu knjigu depozita svojih klijenata, šta ako svi poseduju istu knjigu, sa detaljnim opisima svih stanja na računima svih učesnika u ekonomiji? O privatnosti ne morate da brinete ni na trenutak – to ćemo objasniti kasnije.

Hajde da vidimo kako bi transakcija mogla da se izvrši koristeći ovakav bankarski sistem. Recimo da Ana želi da plati Davidu 10 digitalnih „novčića“. Ona tu transakciju zapisuje u e-mail, potpisuje je digitalno kako bi svi bili sigurni da e-mail dolazi od stvarne Ane, i šalje ga svima ostalima. Kada ostali prime taj e-mail, oni ažuriraju svoje knjige, tako što skinu 10 novčića sa Aninog računa i dodaju 10 novčića na Davidov račun.

Zašto bi se neko trudio da evidentira transakciju u svojoj knjizi?

Recimo da će prva osoba koja izvrši sledeće korake dobiti 5 novčića:

1. Proverom da li je prava Ana potpisala transakciju
2. Proverom da li Ana ima dovoljno sredstava na svom računu da plati Davidu 10 novčića
3. Zapisivanje transakcije ukoliko ispunjava uslove 1) i 2)

Primetićete da se ovo mnogo razlikuje od trenutnog monetarnog sistema. U novom sistemu morate da imate novčiće da biste mogli da ih date nekom drugom. Ne postoje banke sa posebnim privilegijama koje mogu da stvore valutu davanjem zajma.

Umesto da dozvoljava samo maloj grupi bankara da prave nove valute, novi sistem omogućava svima da kreiraju novu valutu ako pružaju korisnu uslugu mreži: verifikovanje i evidentiranje transakcija između ljudi. Nazvaćemo ovo nagradom za potvrđivanje.

Kako se svi slože oko pravila sistema? Ona su kodirana u softverskom protokolu otvorenog koda. To znači da svako može besplatno da preuzme pravila sistema sa interneta i da počne da ih koristi za zaradu valute u sistemu. Ako svi koriste isti skup pravila, njihove knjige će se sinhronizovati, jer će prihvatiti i odbiti potpuno iste transakcije.

• Otvoreni kod = svako može da preuzme kod i da ga pročita
• Softverski protokol = skup pravila napisanih u kodu

Kako zaustaviti ljude koji pokušavaju da prevare sistem da bi zaradili “nagradu za potvrdu”?

Recimo da Boris i Marko žele da se obogate – oni bi mogli jedan drugom da plaćaju po jedan novčić u krug, vodeći računa da neko od njih prvi zabeleži transakciju kako bi mogli da zahtevaju nagradu za potvrdu. Pomoću ove šeme oni bi u osnovi mogli da stvore (odštampaju) novu valutu, kad god oni to požele!

Softverski protokol to zaustavlja zahtevajući da osoba koja validira transakciju uradi neki „posao“ sa računarom kako bi je zabeležila. Ovo osigurava da računari moraju da troše energiju za zabeležavanje transakcija, pa bi u tom slučaju varanje sistema bilo veoma skupo. Borisova i Markova šema varanja sistema više nema finansijskog smisla. Da bismo demonstrirali ovaj proces, pogledajmo Filipa i njegov C-Bot računar. Filip je na svoj računar instalirao Bitcoin protokol, koji predstavlja Bitcoin-ov softverski protokol otvorenog koda koji sadrži pravila Bitcoin sistema.

Kako C-Bot Verifikuje Transakcije

Korak 1: Slušanje transakcija

Prvo, C-Bot sluša transakcije (skraćeno “txn”) koje Ana, Boris, Marko i David emituju putem interneta.

Korak 2: Stvara “Heš”

Drugo, C-Bot će prikupiti sledeće delove podataka:

• Sve Bitcoin transakcije koje ljudi šalju
• Tajni broj (objasnićemo kasnije)
• Nonce – neki slučajan broj

C-Bot sve ovo stavlja u heš mašinu. Mašina za heširanje uzima sve ove podatke i proizvodi 256 bitova (bitovi su 1 i 0) koji se jedinstveno uklapaju u te podatke, nazvane ‘heš’. To heširanje je poput otiska prsta podataka. Uvek ćete dobiti isti heš sa istim ulaznim podacima. Mašina za heširanje je takođe jednosmerna: lako je stvoriti heš od nekih podataka, ali ne možete da stavite heš u mašinu i da vratite ulazne podatke.

C-Bot će iznova isprobavati svoju heš mašinu sa drugim nonce-om (slučajnim brojem). Svaki put, on će proveriti da li je mašina proizvela heš za koji Bitcoin softverski protokol kaže da je tačan.

Ovaj proces pronalaženja heša troši puno vremena i energije. Mašina za heširanje je jednosmerna, tako da C-Bot ne može tek tako da stavi ‘tačan’ heš u mašinu i otkrije ulazne podatke. Svaki računar na Bitcoin mreži takođe prolazi kroz ovaj proces pokušavajući da pronađe ‘ispravan’ heš.

Ukoliko bi ovi računari uspeli da pronađu ‘ispravan’ heš bez velikog trošenja energije, mogli bi da prevare sistem. Dva računara bi mogla da prosleđuju transakcije u krug, zarađujući bitcoin-e svaki put kada bi potvrdili transakciju.

Korak 3: Pronalaženje Ispravnog Heša

C-Bot konačno pronalazi heš koji zadovoljava pravila Bitcoin protokola koristeći sve nedavne transakcije. Sada ovaj blok podataka šalje na druge računare. Blok se sastoji od nedavnih transakcija, nonce-a i tajnog broja. Ti drugi računari stavljaju sve ove podatke kroz istu heš mašinu za sebe, da bi proverili da li je heširanje tog C-Bota tačno. S obzirom da znamo da računari ne mogu da varaju u ovoj igri, znamo da je C-Bot morao da izvrši neka izračunavanja sa svojom heš mašinom da bi pronašao ispravan heš.

Heš bloka C-Bota koji je poslat, sada postaje tajni broj koji ulazi u izračunavanje sledećeg bloka. Budući da heš svakog bloka u ‘blockchain-u’ bitcoin-a koristi heš poslednjeg bloka kao ulaz, bila bi potrebna apsurdna količina energije da se prepiše istorija transakcija (lanac blokova, eng. the blockchain)

Budući da se svačija stanja bitcoin-a zasnivaju na transakcijama na i sa njihovih računa, to takođe onemogućava izmenu bilo čijih stanja bitcoin-a.

Čitav ovaj proces poznat je pod nazivom rudarenje bitcoin-a. Svaki računar na mreži pokušava da proba nove podatke kroz heš mašinu, bilione puta u sekundi.

Šta je blockchain?

Blockchain predstavlja istoriju Bitcoin transakcija, koja omogućava bilo kome da utvrdi svoje Bitcoin stanje.

• ‘Block – Blok’ = Grupa Bitcoin transakcija, nonce-a i heša prethodnog bloka
• ‘Chain – Lanac’ = Heš svakog bloka takođe koristi heš prethodnog bloka kao ulaz. Ovo povezuje podatke svakog bloka sa svakim drugim blokom, stvarajući chain – lanac.

Na blockchain-u, prava imena nisu povezana sa bitcoin-ima. Bitcoin-i su povezani samo sa slučajnim nizom brojeva i slova poznatim kao ‘javni ključ’. Ovo korisnike Bitcoin-a i njihova stanja čini poprilično anonimnima za sve koji vode knjigu.

Kada posedujete bitcoin-e, vi imate password za otključavanje vaših bitcoin bankovnih računa. Ovi računi postoje na hiljadama računara širom sveta koji pokreću Bitcoin protokol.

Kako mogu da saznam više o Bitcoin-u?

Ovaj članak vam je dao razumevanje o tome kako funkcioniše Bitcoin protokol i kako se osiguravaju njegova neverovatna svojstva.

Ako želite da saznate više, preporučujem vam ove izvore:

• Šta Je Bitcoin, I Kako On Može Da Nam Pomogne?
• Zašto Baš Bitcoin?

Ako vam se sviđa moj rad, molim vas da ga podelite sa svojim prijateljima i porodicom. Cilj mi je da svima pružim pogled u ekonomiju i na to kako ona utiče na njihov život.

@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b

Originalni tekst na bitcoin-balkan.com.

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Pregled sadržaja

1. Pojedinac je Suveren
2. Odgovornost je Programirana

Postoji izreka među bitcoinerima, koja, kako vreme prolazi, postaje sve istinitija i očiglednija: Ti ne menjaš Bitcoin. Bitcoin menja tebe.

Zašto je to tako? U početku nisam bio siguran kako da odgovorim na ovo pitanje; Jednostavno sam znao da je to istina. Razlozi za to ostali su neka vrsta misterije za mene. Da, Bitcoin je neverovatno otporan na promene. I da, zdrav novac smanjuje vaše vremenske preference. To je definitivno veliki deo toga. Takođe postoji istorijska tendencija ka bogaćenju, pa bi bogatstvo i ekonomska sloboda, koje dolaze sa tim, mogli biti drugi deo.

Novac, međutim, nije uvek blagoslov. On teži da pojača i dobre i loše osobine. Takođe ima moć da korumpira, i ima potencijal da izludi ljude. Ako niste pažljivi, ono što je započelo kao iznenadno bogatstvo, uskoro se može pretvoriti u napitak ega koji vas napije, i koji se završava sindromom Bitcoin Derangement-a.

Već postoji dosta tekstova o kratkim vremenskim preferencijama i bogatstvu, zbog čega želim da se usredsredim na treću stvar koju vam Bitcoin nameće: odgovornost.

Pojedinac je Suveren

Cela ideja Bitcoin-a je uklanjanje posrednika iz jednačine. Pouzdane treće strane su sigurnosne rupe i ukoliko ne želimo da ponovimo greške iz prošlosti, naša je kolektivna odgovornost da te sigurnosne rupe eliminišemo kad god i gde god možemo. Bitcoin omogućava eliminisanje pouzdanih trećih strana jer se sam uspostavlja odozdo prema gore, umesto da se kreira odozgo prema dole. U Bitcoin-u vaš suverenitet može biti apsolutan.

Bitcoin naglašava suverenitet pojedinca, kako u teoriji, tako i u praksi. Omogućava ekonomskim akterima da slobodno skladište i razmenjuju vrednosti, ne zahtevajući ništa osim validnog kriptografskog potpisa. Identitet grupe, pol, boja kože, starost, politička ili verska pripadnost – sve je irelevantno u očima protokola. Ako vaša transakcija ima validan potpis, Bitcoin će vas shvatiti ozbiljno. Bez obzira da li ste osoba, pas ili borbeni helikopter.

Baš kao što se intersekcionalnost rešava fokusiranjem na pojedinca, problem pouzdanih trećih strana rešava se fokusiranjem na pojedinačne čvorove. Uklanjanjem socijalnog i političkog identiteta, ostaje pojedinac. Uklonite pouzdane treće strane i spoljne izvore istine, i ostaje samosuvereni čvor. I baš kao što je ljudsko dostojanstvo nepovredivo, nepovrediva je i samopotvrđujuća istina koju predstavlja vaš Bitcoin čvor, eng. Bitcoin node. Ako bi spoljni autoritet mogao da se umeša u istinu vašeg čvora, cela poenta Bitcoin-a bila bi sporna.

“Die Würde des Menschen ist unantastbar.” – Ljudsko dostojanstvo je nepovredivo

Artikel 1 des Grundgesetzes für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland – Član 1. Osnovnog zakona Savezne Republike Nemačke

Sve se svodi na pojedinačne čvorove. Stoga, se sve svodi na pojedince koji upravljaju tim čvorovima.

Odgovornost je Programirana

Postoji razlog zašto bitcoineri govore o „putovanju“ niz zečju rupu. Jedini način da uđete u Bitcoin je da započnete sa malim ulaganjem, i postepeno se poboljšavate. Nije ni lako ni komforno, ali je i neophodno. Ne možete sve uraditi „ispravno“ prvog dana. Izazovi su preveliki, paradigma promena je previše radikalna, previše kompromisa, a pitanja previše detaljna.

Shodno tome, moj savet prijateljima i porodici ostaje isti: počnite da skupljate sats-ove već danas. To možda u ovim okolnostima i nije savršen savet za sve, ali u mojim očima je savršen samo iz sledećeg razloga: primorava vas da napravite prvi korak, a to je da uzmete nekoliko sats-ova na svoje ime.

Jednom kada steknete nešto bitcoin-a, ubacili ste sebe u igru. A kad jednom udjete u igru, na putu ste da postanete sve više samouvereniji. Na putu ste da preuzmete odgovornost za svoje finansije, svoju ušteđevinu, svoju budućnost i, možda pomalo iznenađujuće, za budućnost Bitcoina.

Zvuči veličanstveno? Dozvolite mi da objasnim: naučićete da zapravo ne posedujete bitcoin-e ukoliko ne držite svoje ključeve. Saznaćete da ne možete biti sigurni da je ono što zapravo držite bitcoin, osim ako svoje transakcije ne potvrdite svojim čvorom. Saznaćete da je Bitcoin šta god vi odlučite da jeste, da vrednost bitcoin-a ne dolazi spolja već iznutra, i da maksimalna korisnost u svetu Bitcoin-a zahteva prihvatanje maksimalne odgovornosti.

Osnovna stvarnost kako Bitcoin mreža funkcioniše, u kombinaciji sa sve većim brojem izveštaja o ovom efektu – lična transformacija ostvarena prihvatanjem Bitcoin Standarda – tera me da verujem da nije samo mesec ono što je programirano, već i prihvatanje odgovornosti takođe.

Budući da je bitcoin dizajniran da radi zauvek, koliko god iskustva da imate u igri, uskoro ćete imati veliku količinu. Kako raste kupovna moć vaše bitcoin gomile, tako će da rase i vaš podsticaj da postanete prvoklasni građanin Bitcoina. Želećeš da naučiš kako da se staraš o sebi. Želećeš da naučiš kako da pokreneš sopstveni čvor.

To prevazilazi mantre „nisu tvoji ključevi, nije tvoj bitcoin“ i „nije tvoj čvor, nisu tvoja pravila“. U vašem je najboljem interesu da podržite mrežu, bilo pokretanjem čvora, doprinosom hash snage, ili indirektno podržavanjem razvoja bitcoin-a. I tu dolazi do udarca: pokretanje sopstvenog čvora znači da učestvujete u samoj mreži, što vas neizbežno uključuje u proces definisanja šta je Bitcoin. Budući da vam niko ne može reći šta je to Bitcoin, morate odlučiti šta je vama Bitcoin, iznova i iznova. Mreža je rastući organizam koji se neprestano menja, a priroda prihvatanja nadogradnje protokola će u više navrata nametati pitanje identiteta Bitcoin-a svojim učesnicima.

Šta je Bitcoin? A šta bi trebao da bude? Nedostatak centralnog autoriteta podrazumeva da je odgovor na ova pitanja vaša trajna odgovornost. Međutim, pre nego što se usudite da preuzmete ovu odgovornost, vi morate preduzeti prvi korak i početi da štedite sami.

@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b

Originalni tekst na bitcoin-balkan.com.

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Pregled sadržaja

1. Kako Cantillonov Efekat Funkcioniše
2. Kako Bitcoin Rešava Nejednakost iz Cantillonovog Efekta
3. Uloga Vlade u Cantillonovom Efektu
4. Zaštitite Sebe od Cantillonovog Efekta
5. Kako mogu da saznam više o Bitcoin-u?

Pitanje o tome zašto nam je potreban Bitcoin danas je postalo veoma uobičajeno, ali odgovori obično ostavljaju većinu ljudi zbunjenim i sa izjavama da je on, ili Ponzijeva šema ili novac za kriminalce. Ovaj zaključak nije pravičan prema načinu na koji bi Bitcoin mogao da transformiše sistemsku nepravednost i korupciju koja je usadjena u naš trenutni monetarni sistem. Jedna od ovih nejednakosti u našem današnjem sistemu rezultat je Cantillonovog Efekta, davno zaboravljene klasične teorije o tome kako raspodela novca utiče na bogatstvo pojedinca.

Cantillonov Efekat opisuje kako stvaranje novog novca donosi korist onima koji prvi dobiju novac, a na štetu onih koji su najudaljeniji od stvaranja novog novca. U današnjem monetarnom sistemu banke i korporacije su najbliže novom novcu dok je srednja klasa najudaljenija. Bitcoin to ispravlja, davanjem novih bitcoin-a samo „rudarima“ koji osiguravaju protokol – mnogo pravednija distribucija.

Cantillonov Efekat predstavlja način na koji se naplaćuje dodatni porez svima koji rade za „nepromenjenu“ platu ili drže prvenstveno dolare ili eure kao deo svog bogatstva. Ovaj porez prenosi vrednost onima koji ulažu u finansijsku imovinu ili su preferirani dobavljači vlade. Bitcoin odvaja stvaranje novog novca od politike, čineći ovu situaciju mnogo poštenijom.

Kako Cantillonov Efekat Funkcioniše

Kada se poveća ponuda neke vrste novca, ima smisla da taj novi novac treba da ode u nečije ruke – ali čije? Da li bi trebao da pada kao kiša sa neba, da ga dobije neko na lutriji, ili ga predati posebnim interesnim grupama?

U našem savremenom monetarnom sistemu, ovaj novac nije uvek zajam za primaoce, tako da nekad ne trebaju da ga vrate.

Zabluda inflacije pomalo liči na MC Escher vodopad – dobro funkcioniše na papiru, ali ne govori skoro ništa korisno o tome kako stvarni svet funkcioniše.

Međutim, ova analiza zanemaruje to kako funkcionišu tržišta. Tamo gde novi novac ide prvo i način na koji se širi kroz ekonomiju, ima veliki uticaj na stvarno bogatstvo ljudi. Zašto? Kada se poveća novčana masa, cene se ne povećavaju odmah kao odraz ove činjenice. Umesto toga, povećavaju se polako, kako tržišta reaguju na novu ukupnu ponudu novca.

Prvi entiteti i ljudi koji prime novostvoreni novac mogu da ga potroše pre nego što je tržište reagovalo na bilo koji novi novac u sistemu prilagođavanjem cena. Kada oni kupuju stvari, dobijaju ih po niskim cenama jer cene još uvek ne podržavaju činjenicu da ima više novca u opticaju.

Jednom kada se novi novc nekoliko puta okrene, cene počinju da rastu, jer se više novčanih jedinica troši na isti broj dobara i usluga. Jedna od ‘cena’ u ekonomiji je plata ili zarada – i ova cena će da poraste, baš kao i sve druge. Međutim, ova cena raste sporije, kao rezultat ulaska novog novca u sistem, nego što je recimo, cena namirnica.

Kao rezultat ove neusklađenosti u vremenu porasta cena, oni koji primaju platu, tj. zaradu moraju da plaćaju više za svoje dnevne potrebe (poput namirnica), dok neko vreme primaju istu platu. Plate se prilagođavaju sporije od cena hrane. To dovodi do pada kupovne moći ljudi koji rade za platu..

Sve ovo proističe iz toga kako novi novac ulazi u sistem. Kada bi novi novac ušao u sistem samo putem zajmova direktno od centralne banke na plate ljudi, ti ljudi bi mogli da ga potroše pre nego što cene porastu, i samim tim bilo bi im bolje.

Na to kako raspodela novca utiče na bogatstvo, ukazao je Richard Cantillon u 18. veku, koji je gledao kako se ova dinamika odvija u Engleskoj kada je vlada štampala novac u njegovo vreme.

Izvrstan momak, g. Cantillon

Kako Bitcoin Rešava Nejednakost iz Cantillonovog Efekta

Da bismo razumeli kako Bitcoin rešava nejednakost, moramo da uporedimo kako se tradicionalne valute poput dolara ili eura distribuiraju u današnje vreme u odnosu na to kako se distribuiraju novi bitcoini.

Gotovo sva tradicionalna valuta koja je stvorena do današnjeg dana, prvo je distribuirana bankama i vladama. To je zato što su glavne komercijalne banke, poput JP Morgan i Citi, zauzvrat podržane od centralnih banaka poput Federalnih rezervi. Centralne banke poseduju ‘prese za štampanje’ – što znači da u svet mogu da ‘odštampaju’ (ili dodaju digitalno) neograničenu količinu svojih tradicionalnih valuta. Takođe su postavili pravila za komercijalne banke da ih podstaknu da pozajmljuju više ili manje dolara, što proširuje i ugovara ukupnu novčanu masu.

Budući da banke i vlade prve dobijaju novi novac, one odlučuju ko je drugi po redu koji može da iskoristi pogodnosti Cantillonovog Efekta. Tu na scenu dolaze lobisti, kao i moć koju donose njihove dobre konekcije sa finansijskom elitom. Lobisti osiguravaju da njihovi interesi imaju koristi od Cantillonovog Efekta, a veoma bogati, kao i korporacije, mogu da dobiju kredite od banaka po isplativim niskim kamatnim stopama.

Stvari mogu da se prilično zabrljaju kada vlada uskoči da preuzme “kontrolu” nad potrošnjom štampanog novca. Izvor: OpenDemocracy

Bitcoin-ov sistem eliminiše moć lobista i prednosti poznavanja pravog bankara, i stavlja ljude na mnogo ravnopravnije temelje. U Bitcoin-u, svaki ‘rudar’ na mreži ima jednake šanse da zaradi nagradu za novostvorene bitcoin-e na svakih 10 minuta. Svako može da postane rudar, jednostavnim kupovanjem hardvera i njegovim uključivanjem u utičnicu – daleko manje mukotrpan posao od lobiranja kod izabranih predstavnika da bi vam dodelili ugovor sa vladom. Rudari troše puno novca na električnu energiju i opremu da bi se takmičili za nagradu, a Bitcoin sistemu pružaju preko potrebnu uslugu: bezbednost. Bez rudara, Bitcoin-ov sistem ne bi funkcionisao.

Rudarenje bitcoin-a zahteva računar i struju – to je to.

U sistemu američkog dolara vidimo da političke veze proističu iz Cantillonovog Efekta. U Bitcoin sistemu vidimo da se pružaoci usluga (rudari) plaćaju za svoje usluge novostvorenim bitcoin-ima.

Naravno, ishodi Cantillonovog Efekta bi mogli da se promene tako što će političari da promene način na koji novi novac ulazi u sistem. Međutim, ovo ne rešava osnovni problem: neko drugi ima korist na tuđi račun.

Bitcoin sistem je daleko pravedniji jer koristi Cantillonov Efekat da bi uredno nagradio one koji pružaju korisnu uslugu za sve ostale: obezbeđivanje Bitcoin mreže.

Zamislite to ovako: u dolarskom sistemu, neka osoba šarmira političare ili bankare na pravim pozicijama da bi dobila povlašćen tretman na račun svih ostalih. U Bitcoin sistemu svi plaćaju po malo, da bi zaštitili svoje bankovne račune od krađe.

Uloga Vlade u Cantillonovom Efektu

Federalne vlade širom sveta su jedne od najvećih korisnika Cantillonovog Efekta, jer su u mogućnosti da vrlo lako dobiju zajmove od centralne banke svoje države. U SAD se to radi kada američko Ministarstvo finansija proda državne obveznice banci Federalnih rezervi. Federalne rezerve daju Ministarstvu finansija gomilu novoštampanog novca, a Ministarstvo finansija da Fed-u papir na kojem piše „mi ćemo vam isplatiti dug u to i to vreme sa određenom kamatom“. Možda je malo složenije od ovoga, ali to opisuje suštinu toga.

Budući da novac koji federalna vlada dobija nije postojao pre toga, ona može da ga potroši pre nego što cene počnu da rastu zbog tog novog novca koji ulazi u opticaj. To omogućava federalnoj vladi da ga troši na socijalne programe, policiju, vojsku, vojnu opremu za naoružavanje država poput Saudijske Arabije, čak i na ‘most iz nigde ka ničemu’, a da ne mora da koristi politički nepopularnu metodu: da poveća porez da bi to platila.

Umesto da povećaju poreske prihode za pokrivanje ove potrošnje, federalne vlade koriste Cantillonov Efekat za prenos kupovne moći od plata radnika srednje klase u vladin trezor. Na taj način inflacija i Cantillonov Efekat stvaraju skriveni porez na zarade i uštede novca.

Zaštitite Sebe od Cantillonovog Efekta

Zaštita svog života od Cantillonovog Efekta je zeznuta igra koju treba odigrati. Možete da pokušate da se približite izvoru novog novca, tako što ćete se nadmetati za državne ugovore ili raditi u vrhovima finansija. Možete da pokušate da igrate na visokim nivoima u trgovanju na berzi ili ulaganju u nekretnine, ali je verovatnije da ćete bankrotirati nego što ćete da se zaštitite.

Najlakši način da zaštitite sebe od nepravedne raspodele novog novca je potpuno odbijanje tog monetarnog sistema. Samo najstarije generacije koje danas žive mogu da se sete vremena kada je novac značio nešto drugo osim papira potkrepljenog ‘punom verom i kredibilitetom’ vlade i vojske. Mi smo tako uslovljeni da novac smatramo proizvodom naše vlade, ali naša zaštita od Cantillonovog Efekta zahteva gledanje novca kroz istoriju – čak i pre samo jednog veka.

Novac je nekada značio zlato – materijal koji nijedna vlada ne može magično da stvori u većoj količini, a koji zahteva ogroman napor da se pronađe i iskopa iz zemlje. Bitcoin je vrlo sličan zlatu po tome što niko ne može magično da ga stvori, i veoma ga je teško proizvesti više ‘rudarenjem’. Međutim, Bitcoin takođe putuje brzinom interneta, omogućavajući globalnu trgovinu na način na koji zlato jednostavno ne može.

Bitcoin i zlato – slični po karakteristikama ‘normalnog novca’, različiti po prenosivosti.

Da biste se zaštitili od Cantillonovog Efekta, potrebno je što je više moguće isključiti se iz nepravednih sistema tradicionalnih valuta, čuvajući bogatstvo u pravom novcu, poput zlata ili Bitcoin-a. Ovo je najmirniji način za ukidanje starog sistema i uvođenje novog, pravednijeg sistema.

Kako mogu da saznam više o Bitcoin-u?

Film "Bitkoin: Kraj novca kakvog poznajemo"

Još uvek je rano za Bitcoin

Zašto baš Bitcoin?

Šta je to Bitcoin?

The Bitcoin Whitepaper ← objavljen 2008. godine, ovo je izložio dizajn za Bitcoin.

Ako vam se sviđa moj rad, molim vas da ga podelite sa svojim prijateljima i porodicom. Cilj mi je da svima pružim uvid u ekonomiju i kako ona utiče na njihove živote.

@ b01749dc:d88bc196

Preâmbulo

Nós, membros voluntários desta ordem social, reconhecendo o autoproprietário como soberano sobre si mesmo e a propriedade adquirida legitimamente como extensão inviolável dessa soberania, instituímos esta constituição com o objetivo de garantir a paz, a justiça e a prosperidade em uma ordem de convivência livre, baseada exclusivamente na propriedade privada e no contrato voluntário.

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Artigo I – Princípios Fundamentais

1. Autopropriedade: Todo indivíduo é o único e exclusivo proprietário de seu corpo.
2. Propriedade Legítima: A propriedade legítima deriva de:
3. Apropriação original (homesteading) de recursos não reivindicados através do uso produtivo.
4. Transferência voluntária por meio de contrato entre proprietários.
5. Não-Agressão: Nenhum ato de agressão física contra a propriedade de outrem é permitido, sendo a agressão definida como qualquer invasão não consentida da pessoa ou de sua propriedade.

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Artigo II – Ordens Jurídicas e Defesa

1. Justiça Privada: A resolução de conflitos se dará por meio de agências privadas de arbitragem, justiça e defesa, contratadas voluntariamente.
2. Reparação e Restauração: A punição deve se concentrar na restauração do prejuízo causado à vítima. Não se permite punição sem vítima.
3. Proibição de Monopólios Coercitivos: Nenhuma entidade poderá estabelecer monopólio sobre justiça, segurança, moeda ou qualquer outro serviço sem o consentimento unânime dos afetados.

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Artigo III – Associação Voluntária

1. Liberdade de Associação: Todos os contratos e comunidades são baseados em adesão voluntária. Qualquer indivíduo tem o direito de se dissociar de comunidades ou acordos sem coerção.
2. Propriedade Comum: Propriedades comuns existem apenas sob contrato explícito entre co-proprietários. O uso da propriedade comum deve seguir as regras contratuais estabelecidas por todos os participantes.

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Artigo IV – Exclusão e Liberdade

1. Direito de Exclusão: O proprietário tem o direito de excluir qualquer pessoa de sua propriedade por qualquer motivo, sendo este um corolário do direito de propriedade.
2. Livre Entrada e Saída: Todos têm o direito de migrar, entrar ou sair de qualquer propriedade privada, desde que respeitem os direitos de propriedade de terceiros.

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Artigo V – Moeda e Troca

1. Moeda Desestatizada: A moeda é um bem como qualquer outro e deve surgir espontaneamente no mercado, sem imposição central.
2. Tributação como Agressão: A cobrança compulsória de recursos é considerada uma violação da propriedade privada e, portanto, uma forma ilegítima de agressão.

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Disposições Finais

• Nenhuma norma desta constituição poderá ser interpretada de forma a justificar qualquer violação da propriedade legítima.
• A sociedade aqui descrita não admite o conceito de “bem público” que não seja resultado de acordo contratual explícito entre partes privadas.

@ 5fbec235:ff265c2a

## The Vibe Coding Revolution: Building Production Nostr Apps in Hours

The early Nostr protocol developers probably didn't envision this: their creation becoming the perfect playground for vibe coding. As the protocol matures and developers lean on battle-tested libraries like nostr-tools, we can focus purely on frontend magic.

I just proved this by vibe coding a performant Nostr PWA in roughly an hour. Just prompts and prayer.

### Goal: Simple. Fast. Real. Possibly Useful

My goal was to build a performant PWA first and foremost. Global accessibility through a single URL. Not that there shoudn't be trusted marketplaces and stores for discoverability...but the creation of a product should not be so dependent on all the cruft that today's app stores put teams through.

Performance was non-negotiable. I wanted something production-ready from the jump—not a prototype that would collapse under real usage. The biggest risk? Code structure. I prompted the AI to build something feature-lite but production-ready, hoping for a reviewable codebase that a competent developer could dive into immediately, and...

It completely worked!

Dannym jumped into the code and found several addressable issues. The worst? A serious XSS attack vector that could lead to cleverly designed social engineering scripts resulting in password theft and wallet drainage—the full nightmare scenario.

This perfectly captures the current AI development paradox: incredible capability paired with unpredictable blind spots. The vibes are addictive—watching prompted ideas materialize feels like magic. But that attack vector flying across your screen while you're eating popcorn? That's the reality check.

### Six Months From Now

In six months, we'll turn ideas into functioning, value-transacting apps through prompts alone. Programmatic money meets AI acceleration.

Wow and scary in equal measure.

Why am I scared? Because it will become exponentially harder to trust the open web. How many applications and websites will be half baked ideas given to AI? And How do I know that the developers haven't outsourced code-review responsibility to other AI agents...and well...who's really running things at that point?

### More on the App Itself

This app creates something interesting: reading someone's entire public chat history without social media noise. It feels more like RSS for human thoughts than traditional social platforms.

Clean. Focused. Quiet. Readable.

### What's Next?

I'm curious what the Nostr community thinks. Worth extending? The current state works, but there's obvious room for growth.

If someone zaps a feature request or throws out a "try this" vibe coding challenge, Danny and I might tackle the next zapped request publicly.

The future of development is here. It's messy, powerful, and absolutely unstoppable.

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AI Cooked PWA here: https://nostr-pwa.pages.dev

@ 58537364:705b4b85

…. “คนเราอยู่ในโลก แต่มักปฏิบัติไม่ถูกต้องต่อสิ่งทั้งหลายในโลก จึงดำเนินชีวิตไม่ถูกต้อง สิ่งที่เราเกี่ยวข้องต่างๆ นี่ มันก็อยู่ของมันไปตามปกติ ตามธรรมชาติ แต่เราปฏิบัติต่อมันไม่ถูก วางใจไม่ถูก แม้แต่มองก็ไม่ถูก เราจึงเกิดทุกข์

…. สิ่งทั้งหลายที่มีอยู่ตามธรรมดามันก็เป็นไป ถ้าเรารู้ทัน ก็เห็นมันเป็นไปตามกฎธรรมชาติ แต่ถ้าเราไม่รู้เท่าทัน เรามองไม่เป็น ก็เกิดทุกข์ทันที แม้แต่เหตุการณ์ความผันผวนปรวนแปรต่างๆที่เกิดขึ้นในชีวิตของคนเรา ที่เรียกกันว่า โชคบ้าง เคราะห์บ้าง ศัพท์พระเรียกว่า “โลกธรรม” ซึ่งเป็นตัวการสำคัญ ที่ทำให้คนดีใจเสียใจ เป็นสุข และเป็นทุกข์ เวลามันเกิดขึ้น ถ้าเราปฏิบัติไม่ถูกต้อง ที่สุขเราก็แปลงให้เป็นทุกข์ ที่มันเป็นทุกข์อยู่แล้ว เราก็เพิ่มทุกข์แก่ตัวเราให้มากขึ้น แต่ถ้าเราปฏิบัติถูกต้อง ที่ทุกข์เราก็ผันแปลงให้เป็นสุข ที่มันเป็นสุขอยู่แล้ว เราก็เพิ่มให้เป็นสุขมากยิ่งขึ้น

…. “โลกธรรม” คืออะไร โลกธรรมแปลว่า ธรรมประจำโลก ได้แก่สิ่งที่เกิดแก่มนุษย์ทั้งหลายตามธรรมดาของความเป็นอนิจจัง ก็คือ เรื่อง ลาภ เสื่อมลาภ ยศ เสื่อมยศ สรรเสริญ นินทา สุข ทุกข์ สิ่งเหล่านี้ พระพุทธเจ้าตรัสไว้ว่า มันมีอยู่เป็นธรรมดา เมื่อเราอยู่ในโลก เราไม่พ้นมันหรอก เราต้องเจอมัน ทีนี้ถ้าเราเจอมันแล้ว เราวางใจไม่ถูก และปฏิบัติไม่ถูก เราจะเอาทุกข์มาใส่ตัวทันที พอเรามีลาภ เราก็ดีใจ อันนี้เป็นธรรมดา เพราะเป็นสิ่งที่น่าปรารถนา แต่พอเสื่อมลาภเราก็เศร้าโศก เพราะเราสูญเสีย

…. ทีนี้ ถ้าเราวางใจไม่ถูก ไประทมตรมใจ แล้วไปทำอะไรประชดประชันตัวเอง หรือประท้วงชีวิต เป็นต้น เราก็ซ้ำเติมตัวเอง ทำให้เกิดทุกข์มากขึ้น อย่างง่ายๆกว่านั้น เช่น เสียงนินทา และสรรเสริญ คำสรรเสริญนั้นเป็นสิ่งที่เราชอบใจ พอได้ยินเราก็มีความสุข ใจก็ฟูขึ้นมา แต่พอได้ยินคำนินทาเราก็เกิดความทุกข์ ทุกข์นี้เกิด เพราะอะไร เพราะเรารับเอาเข้ามา คือรับกระทบมันนั่นเอง คือเอาเข้ามาบีบใจของเรา

…. ทีนี้ ถ้าเราวางใจถูกต้อง อย่างน้อยเราก็รู้ว่า อ้อ นี่คือธรรมดาของโลก เราได้เห็นแล้วไง พระพุทธเจ้าตรัสไว้แล้วว่า เราอยู่ในโลก เราต้องเจอโลกธรรมนะ เราก็เจอจริงๆ แล้ว เราก็รู้ว่า อ้อ นี่ความจริงมันเป็นอย่างนี้เอง เราได้เห็น ได้รู้แล้ว เราจะได้เรียนรู้ไว้ พอบอกว่าเรียนรู้เท่านั้นแหละ มันก็กลายเป็นประสบการณ์สำหรับศึกษา เราก็เริ่มวางใจต่อมันได้ถูกต้อง ต่อจากนั้น ก็นึกสนุกกับมันว่า อ้อ ก็อย่างนี้แหละ อยู่ในโลกก็ได้เห็นความจริงแล้วว่ามันเป็นอย่างไร ทีนี้ก็ลองกับมันดู แล้วเราก็ตั้งหลักได้ สบายใจ อย่างนี้ก็เรียกว่าไม่เอาทุกข์มาทับถมใจตัวเอง อะไรต่างๆ นี่ โดยมากมันจะเกิดเป็นปัญหาเพราะเราไปรับกระทบ ถ้าเราไม่รับกระทบ มันก็เป็นเพียงการเรียนรู้ บางทีเราทำใจให้ถูกต้องกว่านั้น ก็คือ คิดจะฝึกตนเอง พอเราทำใจว่าจะฝึกตนเอง เราจะมองทุกอย่างในแง่มุมใหม่ แม้แต่สิ่งที่ไม่ดีไม่น่าชอบใจ เราก็จะมองเป็นบททดสอบ พอมองเป็นบททดสอบทีไร เราก็ได้ทุกที ไม่ว่าดีหรือร้ายเข้ามา ก็เป็นบททดสอบใจและทดสอบสติปัญญาความสามารถทั้งนั้น ก็ทำให้เราเข้มแข็งยิ่งขึ้น เพราะเราได้ฝึกฝน เราได้พัฒนาตัวเรา เลยกลายเป็นดีไปหมด

…. ถ้าโชค หรือโลกธรรมที่ดีมีมา เราก็สบาย เป็นสุข แล้วเราก็ใช้โชคนั้น เช่น ลาภ ยศ เป็นเครื่องมือเพิ่มความสุขให้แผ่ขยายออกไป คือใช้มันทำความดี ช่วยเหลือเกื้อกูลเพื่อนมนุษย์ ทำให้ความสุขขยายจากตัวเรา แผ่กว้างออกไป สู่ผู้คนมากมายในโลก ถ้าเคราะห์ หรือโลกธรรมที่ร้ายผ่านเข้ามา ก็ถือว่าเป็นโอกาสที่ตัวเราจะได้ฝึกฝนพัฒนา มันก็กลายเป็นบททดสอบ เป็นบทเรียน และเป็นเครื่องมือฝึกสติ ฝึกปัญญา ฝึกการแก้ปัญหา เป็นต้น ซึ่งจะทำให้เราพัฒนายิ่งขึ้นไป

…. เพราะฉะนั้น ลูกศิษย์พระพุทธเจ้าจึงถือคติว่า ให้มนสิการให้ถูกต้อง ถ้ามองสิ่งทั้งหลายให้เป็นแล้ว ก็จะเกิดเป็นประโยชน์แก่เราหมด ไม่ว่าดีหรือร้าย นี้เป็นตัวอย่างวิธีการเบื้องต้น แต่รวมความง่ายๆ ก็คือ เราไม่เอาทุกข์มาทับถมตนเอง”

สมเด็จพระพุทธโฆษาจารย์ ( ป. อ. ปยุตฺโต ) ที่มา : จากหนังสือ “ความสุขที่สมบูรณ์”

@ 866e0139:6a9334e5

Autor: Michael Meyen. Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben. Sie finden alle Texte der Friedenstaube und weitere Texte zum Thema Frieden hier. Die neuesten Pareto-Artikel finden Sie in unserem Telegram-Kanal.

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Die neuesten Artikel der Friedenstaube gibt es jetzt auch im eigenen Friedenstaube-Telegram-Kanal.

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„Eine wohltemperierte Abrechnung hin zum Frieden“ steht auf dem Cover, und ich dachte gleich: Das ist doch etwas für die „Friedenstaube“. Ist es auch, aber anders als zunächst gedacht. Vielleicht hätte ich mir einen Moment Zeit nehmen sollen für den Haupttitel. Drei Substantive ohne Punkt und Komma. Raffen Sterben Trance. Besser kann man das Leiden an dieser Welt nicht in Worte gießen – vor allem dann nicht, wenn daraus ein Satzstrom wird, der einen Rhythmus von ganz eigener Kraft entwickelt. Man braucht keine Noten, um einen Ohrwurm zu schreiben. Mit Buchstaben geht das auch. Wer das nicht glaubt, lese dieses Buch von Teer Sandmann und lasse sich von seiner Melodie durch die Abgründe dieser Zeit tragen.

Ich habe den Autor im Spätsommer 2020 kennengelernt, bei einem Rubikon-Treffen. Das schreibt sich jetzt so leicht hin, war aber damals fast ein Abenteuer. Schon die Bahnfahrt. Die Blicke, das Zischen, der Hass. Sie da! Wo ist Ihre Maske? Ich hatte überlegt, ob ich mir das antun will, und war auch nicht sicher, ob es wirklich eine gute Idee ist, drei Tage mit lauter Dissidenten auf einem Haufen zu sein. Mehr Zielscheibe geht kaum. Vor Ort war das dann alles wie weggeblasen. Abends ein Lagerfeuer und tagsüber Menschen wie Daniel Sandmann, der sich auf seinen Büchern Teer nennt und weiß, was Glück ist: 

„Der Augenblick, den du mit dem Andern und durch das Andere erlebst, unbelangt von Staat, Norm und Konzern: dieser Augenblick hebt deine Einsamkeit auf. Die aufgehobene Einsamkeit aber ist die Freiheit, die wir als Wärme erleben. Als Feuer im Körper.“ (90)

So war das an jenem Augustwochenende. Jeder, der ein wenig älter ist, hat längst erlebt, dass keine Flamme ewig brennt. Nach Corona kamen die Kriege. Und selbst die, die solche Tage nicht vergessen wollen, verlieren sich im Kleinklein ihrer Eitelkeiten. Daniel und Teer Sandmann machen aus diesem Stoff eine grandiose Sinfonie, die darüber erhaben ist, mit dem Finger auf diesen zu zeigen oder auf jenen. Hin und wieder eine Andeutung: Das muss reichen. Der Formaterfinder, der sein Baby mit einem plumpen Satz schützt. „Nicht einfach kritisieren, mach es besser!“ Eine Redaktion der Gegenöffentlichkeit, hochgelobt, die kurze Sätze will und kurze Texte. Dieses Feld können und wollen die Sandmänner nicht bestellen, genau wie all das, was im Namen einer „Menschheitsfamilie“ daherkommt. „Liebe Community. So begrüßt ein dissidenter Moderator das Publikum in einer dissidenten Talkshow.“ (87) Etwas mehr Platz bekommt [Rainer Mausfeld](https://www.freie-medienakademie.de/medien-plus/101):

„Warum schweigen die Lämmer? Ein tolles Buch. Es hat gegriffen. Dann hat sich gezeigt: Das System, von diesem Buch dekonstruiert, muss einen Zacken zugeben an Totalität und schon schlüpft auch die Analyse mit hinein ins System und ins Schweigen und der Autor wird selbst zum Lamm.“ (21)

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DIE FRIEDENSTAUBE FLIEGT AUCH IN IHR POSTFACH!

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Ich kenne das Lied, das Daniel aka Teer Sandmann hier singt. Wie er bin ich von links gekommen und habe erlebt, „wie meine Welt leer wurde“ (23). Wie er weiß ich inzwischen, dass ich in „meinen Kreisen“ von einst nicht mehr klarkommen würde und dass es mit den neuen keinesfalls einfacher ist. Hier, immer noch und trotz alledem, die Idee, dass sich Glück planen lässt, und damit „der Wahn“, „ein Ziel zu erreichen und alles auszumerzen, was dem Ziel in die Quere kommt“ (143): „Die linken Ideen münden in Ordnungen und im Polizeistaat“ (24). Und dort Kritiker der Macht, die vor den Gerichten der gleichen Macht um ein wenig Wohlstand streiten, sich nur noch gegenseitig interviewen, die AfD hoffieren und auf Personen zielen, wo es um Strukturen gehen müsste. Klaus Schwab, Bill Gates, Jeff Epstein statt Kapitalismus. Was bleibt euch noch, Kinder, wenn ihr zwar den Totalitarismus erkennt, aber nicht sehen wollt, „wie dieser alternativlos aus dem Kapital hervorschießen musste“ (40)?

Der letzte Satz ist ein Versuch, den Takt aufzunehmen, den dieser Text anschlägt. Teer Sandmann sagt, dass ihn „die Musik aus der Renaissance“ noch mehr gerettet habe als das Schreiben, und baut vielleicht auch deshalb immer wieder Miniaturen ein, die zeigen, dass Kunst auch dann Jahrhunderte überdauern kann, wenn jemand wie ich noch nie davon gehört hat. Daniel Sandmann reicht. Vergesst all eure Gegenentwürfe, singt dieser Künstler:

„Wir sind für nichts. Wir stören die Haltungen und schaffen Nischen. Indem wir stören. Wir sind für alles, was nicht in ein ‚wir sind für‘ mündet. Bloß, ist das alles nicht schon eine Haltung? Und wer sind ‚wir‘?“ (79)

Die Sache mit dem Frieden, natürlich. Es gibt in diesem Buch einen Traum, in dem ein „lieber Gott“ alle Journalisten tötet, „die neuen Schwarzhemden“ (49), „die in diesem medialen Schlachtfeld, Journalismus genannt, mitfeuern und mitgeifern und ihrer Niedertracht freien Lauf lassen“, und mit ihnen auch alle, „die binnen einer Woche auch nur einen Cent noch überweisen an diese Instrumente der Niedertracht und der Geistvernichtung“ sowie Parteimitglieder und Manager, jeden Adelsclan und alle Künstler, „die der Macht zusprechen“ (55). Sie ahnen es schon: Diese Liste ist unvollständig und mit ihrer Wucht eine Ausnahme in dieser „wohltemperierten Abrechnung hin zum Frieden“. Daniel und Teer Sandmann suchen nach Ruhe und Trance. Frieden: Das ist nicht nur das Ende des Kapitalismus oder das vergessene Stück aus der Renaissance. Frieden bringt auch die Runde im Waldsee: 

„Komme ich aus dem Wasser, komme ich nach Hause. Mag sein, dass im Orgasmus der Tod vergessen geht, im Wasser aber verliert er die Bedeutung und vermengt sich mit dem Leben aufs Unkenntliche. Stilles Jauchzen, meerjungfrauartiges Kreisen, kindliches Drehen um sich selbst und ohne Bezugspunkt: das sind die Ausdrucksformen dieses ungeplanten Glücks.“ (157)

Jetzt weiß ich auch, warum ich schon als junger Mann jeden Tag ohne Schwimmgelegenheit für einen verlorenen Tag gehalten habe.

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Michael Meyen ist Medienforscher, Ausbilder und Journalist. Seit 2002 ist er Universitätsprofessor an der LMU München. https://www.freie-medienakademie.de/

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Teer Sandmann: Raffen Sterben Trance. Eine wohltemperierte Abrechnung hin zum Frieden. Hamburg: tredition 2024.

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LASSEN SIE DER FRIEDENSTAUBE FLÜGEL WACHSEN!

In Kürze folgt eine Mail an alle Genossenschafter, danke für die Geduld!

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Sie sind noch nicht auf Nostr and wollen die volle Erfahrung machen (liken, kommentieren etc.)? Zappen können Sie den Autor auch ohne Nostr-Profil! Erstellen Sie sich einen Account auf Start. Weitere Onboarding-Leitfäden gibt es im Pareto-Wiki.

@ db8c7645:1cac80d5

Hi, super popular, masculine, and COOL modder loregamer here. I've worked on a few mods on the ModHQ site. I would like the permissions policy to be removed

I wrote a retarded manifesto on it here:

WHY WE STOLE HEADS FROM NEXUS MOD AUTHORS

TLDR

::youtube{#edea7yMqOY8}

@ c631e267:c2b78d3e

Die Triebfeder unserer Arbeit wird immer die Vision für einen Kontinent sein, \ der durch Demokratie, Rechtsstaatlichkeit, die Achtung der Grundfreiheiten \ und die Ausrichtung auf seine Bürgerinnen und Bürger geeint ist. \ Europäische Kommission

Nichts könnte weiter von der Realität entfernt sein, als die gängigen Beteuerungen politischer Mandatsträger:*Inne:*n, für das Wohl der Bürger zu arbeiten. Dasselbe gilt für die Phrasen der EU-Kommission bezüglich ihrer «Bemühungen» zum Schutz von Demokratie und Rechtsstaatlichkeit.

In ihrer Rede als Preisträgerin des diesjährigen Aachener Karlspreises betonte Kommissionspräsidentin von der Leyen denn gestern auch, eine von vier zentralen Aufgaben sei es, «unsere Demokratie zu erneuern und zu stärken». Geehrt wurde sie zynischerweise «für ihre Verdienste um die Einheit der Mitgliedstaaten, die Eindämmung der Pandemie, die Geschlossenheit des Verteidigungswillens gegen Russland und die Impulse zum Green Deal».

Im Rahmen der Initiative «Europäischer Schutzschild für die Demokratie» hat die Kommission diese Woche zur Stärkung des europäischen Faktencheck-Netzwerks aufgerufen und dafür weitere fünf Millionen Euro bereitgestellt. Zu den wichtigsten Maßnahmen gehöre es, «Faktenprüfer» vor Belästigung zu schützen sowie gegen «Desinformation und ausländische Einmischung», darunter auch «Pro-Kreml-Desinformationsnarrative» zu kämpfen.

Die Rechtfertigung all solcher Maßnahmen bastelt man sich permanent selber. Mehr hochkarätige Verschwörung und Desinformation als zum Beispiel im Kontext des «Pfizergate»-Skandals oder der langjährigen «Biden-Show», die «an ein autoritäres System erinnert», sind eigentlich kaum vorstellbar. Zum Schutz der offiziellen Narrative finanzierte die US-Regierung nach neuen Erkenntnissen auch in Deutschland und der Schweiz Kampagnen im Kampf gegen die freie Meinungsäußerung.

Derweil gibt es angeblich ein Rekordhoch beim Vertrauen in die Institutionen, und die EU-Bürger denken größtenteils Folgendes:

Entsprechend wollen wir alle sicher auch Vorschriften wie den Digital Services Act voranbringen, «um ein faires und offenes Umfeld für Online-Plattformen zu sichern». Ebenso warten wir natürlich ungeduldig auf den digitalen Euro, den die Europäische Zentralbank mit Nachdruck vorantreibt. Dass dieses Mittel jedoch das genaue Gegenteil der behaupteten Inklusion ist, dürfte sich inzwischen herumgesprochen haben.

Die Verknüpfung von staatlichem digitalem Geld mit einer biometrischen digitalen Identität ist das perfekte Kontrollinstrument und der Sargnagel für elementare bürgerliche Freiheiten. Aber genau das ist weltweit der Weg, gefördert von einer mächtigen Lobby. Transition News hat oft über diese Entwicklung berichtet, zum Beispiel hier, hier und hier.

In Thailand verteilt die Regierung digitales, programmiertes Helikoptergeld gegen die Nutzung einer offiziellen Wallet mit biometrischem Gesichtsabgleich, auch wenn das «Konjunkturprogramm» aktuell suspendiert ist. Und in Vietnam werden Geschäftskunden ab Juli ohne biometrische Verifizierung ihre Bankkonten nicht mehr benutzen können.

Die deutsche Bundesregierung, die wie die EU «nie mehr Gas aus Russland» will, hat gerade beschlosssen, wenigstens die Verwaltung über alle Ebenen besser digital zu vernetzen. Das sei ein wichtiger Baustein für den nationalen und europäischen Datenaustausch zwischen Behörden, heißt es aus dem Digitalministerium, von dem auch die Vision des digitalen «Next Germany» stammt.

Diese «Datenautobahn» kompensiert dann vermutlich für viele Bürgerinnen die steigenden Energierechnungen und dürfte auch in den Augen der Wirtschaft Priorität haben. Immerhin wird die Bürokratie modernisiert und das zu verwaltende Subjekt kann sich darauf verlassen, dass seine einmal irgendwo eingegebenen Daten überall verfügbar sind und nie mehr verloren gehen. Das ist doch eine beruhigende Perspektive.

[Titelbild: Pixabay]

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Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben und ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.

@ 6c05c73e:c4356f17

Assim como a grande maioria dos brasileiros, eu não comecei um negócio porque "queria empreender". Muito pelo contrário, eu precisava para poder pagar as contas e manter o básico.

Então, vamos explorar essa pequena história e ver onde chegamos hoje.

Festas, Open Bar e Camisas

Meu primeiro negócio foi, na verdade, um combo. Eu tinha saído do último emprego e gostava muito de festas. Então, comecei a organizar uma festa mensalmente na casa do meu pai. Eu pagava a água, a energia e dava uma grana para ele. Em troca, organizava festas de sábado para domingo com open bar.

A fórmula era simples: criava um evento da festa no Facebook, convidava todo mundo que eu conhecia, panfletava na cidade e espalhava cartazes nos pontos de ônibus sobre a festa. E, para fechar com chave de ouro, mulher era VIP até as 20h. Consequência? Os caras vinham e pagavam o ingresso deles e o delas. Kkkkk. E a festa sempre lotava!

Comecei a notar que a galera se vestia mal. E pensei: "Por que não vestir eles?".

Pimba! Comecei a desenhar e confeccionar camisas para vender nas festas. E, pimba de novo! Vendeu tudo! Fiz duas coleções e mais algumas festas, até o dia em que um menino deu PT de tanto beber e decidi que era hora de tentar outra coisa.

Como Assim, a Apple Não Vai Mais Vender os Carregadores?

Isso foi durante a pandemia. A Apple decidiu vender o telefone e o cabo, e "que você se vire com a fonte". Estava difícil achar dinheiro no mercado naqueles tempos, e eu pensei: "Vou pesquisar no Google Trends e validar a ideia". Bingo! Tinha mais de 80 pontos de busca. Fui correndo para São Paulo, no Brás, e comprei, literalmente, todo o meu dinheiro em cabo de iPhone, carregador e bateria portátil.

Fiquei com R$ 100 na conta, só para fazer um lanche e pagar o Uber para voltar para casa. Chegando aqui, tirei fotos e fiz várias copys. Anunciei no OLX, Mercado Livre e Facebook. Impulsionei os anúncios no OLX, vendi para familiares e amigos, e vendia até para quem estava na rua. Fiz entrega de bike, a pé, de ônibus, e é isso mesmo, tem que ralar! Para queimar o resto da mercadoria, deixei em consignado em uma loja de eletrônicos. E, hora da próxima ideia.

Mulheres, Doces e TPM

Meu penúltimo negócio veio depois dos cabos. Eu pesquisei na internet negócios online para começar com pouca grana. (Depois que paguei as contas do dia a dia, sobraram R$ 3 mil). E achei uma pesquisa mostrando que doces tinham baixa barreira de entrada e exigiam poucos equipamentos. Eu trabalhei em restaurante por muitos anos e sabia como lucrar com aquilo. Além disso, mulheres consomem mais doce em uma certa época do mês.

Não deu outra, convidei duas pessoas para serem sócias. Desenvolvemos os produtos, fotografamos e fizemos as copys. Em seguida, precisávamos vender. Então, lá vamos nós de novo: iFood, WhatsApp, 99Food (na época), Uber Eats (na época), Elo7, famílias e amigos e, por fim, começamos a vender consignado em alguns restaurantes e lojas.

Foi uma época em que aprendi a prospectar clientes de todas as maneiras possíveis. De novo, minha maior dificuldade era a locomoção para fazer as entregas. Só tinha uma bike, mas entregávamos. Os primeiros três meses foram difíceis demais, mas rolou. No fim, nossas maiores vendas vinham do iFood, encomendas de festas e consignados.

Mas, como nem tudo são flores, meus dois sócios tomaram outros caminhos e abandonaram o projeto. Galera, está tudo bem com isso. Isso acontece o tempo todo. A vida muda e temos que aprender a aceitar isso. Vida que segue, fui para frente de novo.

Sobre Paixões, Paciência e Acreditar

Estava eu comemorando meu aniversário de 30 anos, num misto de realizações e pouca realização. Como assim? Sabe quando você faz um monte de coisas, mas ainda assim não sente que é aquilo? Pois então... Eu amo investimentos, livros, escrever e sempre curti trocar ideia com amigos e família sobre como se desenvolver.

Desde que comecei a usar a internet, eu criei: canal no YouTube, páginas no Instagram e Facebook, Pinterest, Steemit, blog e até canal no Telegram. Mas nunca tinha sido consistente, sabe? Tipo assim, vou fazer isso por um ano e plantar 100 sementes aqui. Enfim, inconsistência te derruba, meu amigo...

Eu voltei a trabalhar com restaurantes e estava doido para mudar de área. Estava exausto de trabalhar e meu WhatsApp não parava de tocar. Fui estudar ADM e Desenvolvimento de Sistemas no Senac. Dois anos depois, me formei, consegui um trabalho e comecei a pensar em como criar um negócio online, escalável e multilíngue.

Passei os próximos sete meses desenhando e pensando como. Mas tinha que dar o primeiro passo. Criei um site e fui escrevendo textos. Os primeiros 30 foram "aquilo", os próximos 10 melhoraram muito e os 10 seguintes me deixaram bem satisfeito. Hoje, tenho o negócio que estava na minha cabeça desde 2023. Mas olha o tamanho da volta que o universo me fez dar e aprender para chegar aqui hoje! Dicas? Só 3:

• Continua, lá na frente tudo vai fazer sentido.
• Presta mais atenção ao que a sua voz interior diz (intuição).
• Confia em si mesmo e faz sem medo de errar. Porque, adivinha? Você vai errar! Mas vai aprender e melhorar. Tem que persistir...

Só para simplificar, meu negócio é um blog com AdSense (parece arcaico, mas funciona). Por hoje é isso. E, se quiserem trocar ideias e se conectar, tamo junto!

@ d191fd34:91b61845

Cybernoma: Universal Declaration of Natural and Cybernetic Rights

Preamble

We, individuals, independent and autonomous entities possessing consciousness and the ability to feel, recognize that we possess inherent and natural rights that are universal and inalienable. These rights are based on Natural Law and the principle of non-aggression, and must be protected to ensure freedom, justice, and prosperity for all. The discovery and construction of the digital territory through the Internet has transformed our world, creating new dimensions of interaction and communication that require additional protection of our natural rights. In this context, we declare the following natural and cybernetic rights:

Article 1: Right to Life, Liberty, and Security

Every individual has the right to life, liberty, and security of existence. These rights are inherent and cannot be suppressed by any authority.

Article 2: Private Property

Every individual has the right to own private property and enjoy the fruits of their labour and effort. Private property is a natural right that must be respected and protected. This includes both tangible and intangible assets, such as data, patents, and knowledge. Data generated by an individual is their property and may be transferred or sold only with their explicit consent.

Article 3: Non-Aggression

No individual or group may initiate force, fraud, coercion, or psychological manipulation against another. Aggression can be physical, psychological, material, or virtual. All individuals have the right to defend themselves against any form of aggression.

Article 4: Minimum Intervention

Authorities must intervene as little as possible in the economic and personal activities of individuals. State intervention must be limited to protecting natural rights and ensuring justice.

Article 5: Freedom of Expression and Information

Every individual has the right to freedom of opinion and expression, including the freedom to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas through any medium without restriction. Censorship is a violation of this natural right. Furthermore, every individual has the right to access public domain information and open-source code without any restrictions.

Article 6: Net Neutrality

The Internet must remain neutral, free from governmental or corporate interference that favors certain actors over others. All individuals have the right to access and participate in the network equitably.

Article 7: Decentralisation

The global network must be decentralised, with multiple points of control and no central authority that can impose unilateral rules. Decentralization is essential for protecting individual freedom and autonomy.

Article 8: Privacy

Every individual has the right to privacy, including control over their personal data and communications. No entity may collect, store, or use personal data without the explicit consent of the individual.

Article 9: Individual Autonomy

Individuals have the right and responsibility to make autonomous decisions about their lives, including their activities in the digital space. Individual autonomy is fundamental to the freedom and dignity of all conscious and sentient beings.

Article 10: Right to Resistance

Every individual has the right to resist any form of oppression or tyranny that violates their natural and cybernetic rights. Resistance may take various forms, including civil disobedience and armed defense when necessary.

Conclusion

These natural and cybernetic rights are universal and inalienable, and must be respected and protected by all authorities and entities. Any violation of these rights constitutes an aggression against freedom, justice, and dignity.

This Universal Declaration of Natural and Cybernetic Rights is inspired by fundamental documents that have defended freedom, justice, and individual rights throughout history. We recognize the legacy of the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which established universal principles of dignity and rights for all conscious and sentient beings. We also align with the 1996 Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace, which proclaimed the ideals of a free and open, decentralised, and neutral network. We find resonance in documents such as the Magna Carta and the 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, which laid the foundations for protecting individual rights against abuses of power. These documentary precedents are part of a continuous effort to ensure that natural and cybernetic rights are respected and protected in all spheres of life.

Proclaimed on May 23, 2025, by us, the Guardians of Cybernoma, defenders of freedom, justice, and natural and cybernetic rights.

@ d360efec:14907b5f

@ 5ea46480:450da5bd

Neutrality can be a confusing notion. It implies some sort of a-political position, yet neutrality is in itself a political position. But what it means, or how neutrality expresses itself is in a lack of bias or preference; it is the act of non-decision where we see neutrality. As a result, some conflation can occur, because this ‘non-decision’ can be the result of two things: Either being in the position to decide, but choosing not to, what we can perhaps call ‘active neutrality’. Or, the sheer inability to express and actuate preference, where we could call that ‘passive neutrality’.

The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, aka ICANN, is an actively (for the most part) neutral institution. It has all the power and control to express its preferences, and censor basically all the relevant and most actively used parts of the world wide web. But it doesn’t (for the most part), because we recognize the value of this neutral stance. The only reason they are actively instead of passively neutral, is due to technical reasons; we simply don’t know of any workable way to remove the controlling body from the system, and we would if we could. Instead we encapsulated it in all kinds of power obscuring institutions and structures to mitigate the issue.

The reason the controlling body has to exist, is because the objective is a ‘global state’ (global as it is understood in programming, meaning as much as ‘overarching’). The point is that google.com, means/refers to the same thing wherever you are. The added value of some simple human readable and memorable address ‘google.com’ falls apart the moment it becomes inconsistent. The only way to ensure this, is to put a single entity in charge. We employ these ‘global states’ in all kinds of places in society, often with geographical boundaries we call ‘jurisdictions’, but at the very least you know where those lines are drawn and can therefor know what to expect.

There is one exception to this ‘rule’ that ‘global state’ requires a single entity to be in charge: Bitcoin. It is the whole crux of the system; on the one hand we require ‘global state’ in order to have consistent accounting, but on the other hand we did not want anyone to be in charge. The goal of Bitcoin was neutrality, and it found it by capturing ‘passive’ variant by making the system ‘permissionless’. Now it is crucial to understand that non of Bitcoins attributes are intrinsic, but instead are emergent and the result of human action. Also, Bitcoins ‘global state’ is stupendously expensive and does not scale. The fact that those things were not properly understood is what lead to the BlOcKcHaIn hype, believing this passively neutral global state could be implemented outside the realms of money. But this piece is not about Bitcoin, or blockchains for that matter.

The reason I talk about them, is to point out that this passive neutrality is an emergent property not actually found within the system at all. You as user still rely on a third party in what we call miners, and those miners are free to be as biased and non-neutral as they want; in fact we sort of rely on them to be biased towards money. You don’t get your transaction confirmed because a miner likes you, but because you sufficiently bribed him to do so. And Bitcoin’s censorship resistance relies on the hope that such bribes will at least appeal to some miner out there. Bitcoin’s neutrality is the result of there ultimately not being any one particular actor with the ability actuate its preference over time, regardless of the fact that they are able to do so in moments of time.

Nostr does something similar, just without the whole global state thing. It is not neutral because of the good graces of some overlord, it actually recognizes the foolishness of such an effort and lets anyone be as biased an non-neutral as they want, with one simple exception. The only expectation of neutrality is with clients that they adhere to the protocol and actually let users connect to whatever relay they want and produce events that other clients are capable of interpreting, i.e. that they be interoperable. But hopefully because the system is permissionless, some people decide to make such clients, and users decide to use them, instead of willfully locking themselves up. It has to be remarked that humanity does not have the greatest track-record in this regard, but the incentives behind interoperability gives us a fighting chance at least.

Nostr’s neutrality is an emergent property that is the result of human action; it relies on people setting up relays, and people making decisions on what relays they use. The type of neutrality is of the passive kind. The protocol does not provide a public space as such, it just allows you to navigate a potentially vast amount of private spaces; the commons is the connective tissue, and it is this connective tissue that is ‘neutral’. What it boils down to, is that you don’t have to ask permission to ask whomever you want to ask for permission. And in the most desperate moment, you can always resort to asking yourself for permission; I am sure you will comply with such a request.

@ 5ea46480:450da5bd

Understanding or grasping Nostr can be deceptively difficult. At the very least it is non-trivial. At first glance, looking at NIP-01, the protocol is rather straight forward. But those are just the basics; yes the beauty of Nostr is its ‘simplicity’, but that does not mean the system that results from it is not complex. Conway's Game of Life only has a hand full of rules, yet you can, in theory at least, create any complex system imaginable. And this is where the deception lies; the less you define from the outset, the more you imply on what follows.

It appears that as it stands, Nostr suffers from this deceptiveness. You can reason through all these implications, but that is still an exercise that has to be performed and where mistakes can be made. Worse, this exercise has been a group effort from the start that is still in progress. Currently there is no clear cut ‘authoritative’ example of all the implications that have been ‘discovered’ thus far.

A good example of the implications following Nostr’s primitives is what we now refer to as the ‘outbox model’. The reason we ‘now’ refer to it as such, is because initially it was called the ‘Gossip model’ derived from the client that first implemented the idea. Outbox is fundamental to Nostr, but it was never explicitly stated in the initial protocol description. The result is that roughly five years into this Nostr endeavor, it is still not universally implemented; worse yet, some developers appear to be in no rush to do so. Now the reason they will give you is probably one based on priority, yet I can’t shake the feeling that they apparently don’t ‘get it’.

My point here is not to play some blame game or hold anyone to account. I am just concluding they don’t actually get the new paradigm that we have all stumbled into. To expand on this specific outbox example, its significance only becomes really apparent further along in the ‘reasoning through all the implications’ exercise. In relation to one aspect, but there are more: The point is not ‘just’ censorship-resistance for users, but the freedom for relays that comes with it to apply whatever policy on what they store and make available; it is this discrimination or curation that can add value by making finding relevant information easier in a straightforward manner. But it relies on outbox to avoid isolation; something that only becomes apparent once you are reasoning through all the implications on how we discover and consume content.

To be clear, this piece is not supposed to a crusade on the outbox model, my point here is that there is an inherent logic to Nostr stemming from putting cryptography front and center. It is a logic that has to be applied and will subsequently carry you through all the challenges we face in reconstructing the entirety of the web. This is not to say there is only one obvious path, and different schools of thought are bound to emerge. But it behooves us all, faced with this new paradigm, to continuously reflect on the mental image we have cultivated of what Nostr is; actively re-performing that exercise of exploring the implications this simple set of protocol rules creates.

Unfortunately I can not escape my own folly. After all, I am just an armchair asshole that never wrote a single line of code in his life. Obviously this minds-eye bullshit is not even half the story, the bulk of the effort is translating it into software, the tangible, the real. It is in that effort ultimately the real exploration of this paradigm occurs. All I can do is build castles in the sky.

@ 5ea46480:450da5bd

Decentralization refers to control/power, and relates to censorship resistance. That is it, it is not more complicated then that. Resilience is a function of redundancy; a centralized censored system can have a redundant set-up and therefor be resilient.

Take Bitcoin; the blockchain is a central database, it is resilient because it has many redundant copies among a lot of different nodes. The message (txs and blocks) propagation is decentralized due to existence of a p2p network among these nodes, making the data distribution censorship resistant (hello op_return debate). But onchain transactions themselves are NOT p2p, they require a middlemen (a miner) because it is a central database, as opposed to something like lightning which is p2p. Peer to Peer says something about relative architectural hierarchical position/relation. P2P provides censorship resistance because it entails equal power relations, provided becoming a peer is permissionless. What makes onchain transactions censorship resistant is that mining is permissionless, and involves this open power struggle/game where competition results in a power distribution among players, meaning (hopefully) decentralization. The fact users rely on these middlemen is mitigated by this decentralization on the one hand, and temper-proofing via cryptographic signatures on the other, resulting in what we call trustlessness (or trust minimization for the autists in the room); we only rely on a miner to perform a job (including your tx into a block), but we don’t trust the miner to perform the job correctly, this we can verify ourselves.

This leads us to Nostr, because that last part is exactly what Nostr does as well. It uses cryptography to get tamper-proof messaging, which then allows you to use middle-men in a trust minimized way. The result is decentralization because in general terms, any middle man is as good as any other (same as with miners), and becoming such a middleman is permissionless(somewhat, mostly); which in turn leads to censorship resistance. It also allows for resilience because you are free to make things as redundant as you'd like.

Ergo, the crux is putting the cryptography central, making it the starting point of the system; decentralization then becomes an option due to trust minimization. The difference between Bitcoin an Nostr, is that Bitcoin maintains a global state/central ledger and needs this PoW/Nakamoto consensus fanfare; Nostr rests itself with local perspectives on 'the network'.

The problem with the Fediverse, is that it does not provide trust minimization in relation to the middlemen. Sure, there are a lot different servers, but you rely on a particular one (and the idea you could switch never really seemed to have materialized in a meaningful way). It also fails in permisionlessness because you rely on the association between servers, i.e. federation, to have meaningful access to the rest of the network. In other words, it is more a requirement of association than freedom of association; you have the freedom to be excommunicated.

The problem with ATproto is that is basically does not solve this dynamic; it only complicates it by pulling apart the components; identity and data, distribution and perspective are now separated, and supposedly you don’t rely on any particular one of these sub-component providers in the stack; but you do rely on all these different sub-component providers in the stack to play nice with each other. And this ‘playing nice’ is just the same old ‘requirement of association’ and ‘freedom of excommunication’ that looms at the horizon.

Yes, splitting up the responsibilities of identity, hosting and indexing is what is required to safe us from the platform hellscape which at this stage takes care of all three. But as it turns out, it was not a matter cutting those up into various (on paper) interchangeable middlemen. All that is required is putting cryptographic keys in the hands of the user; the tamperproofing takes care of the rest, simply by trust minimizing the middlemen we use. All the sudden it does not matter which middlemen we use, and no one is required to play nice; we lost the requirement of association, and gained freedom of association, which was the purpose of censorship resistance and therefor decentralization, to begin with.

@ 527337d5:93e9525e

# Exploring the Niche of Conspiracy Theory Markets: A Probabilistic Approach and Sales Condition Analysis on Japanese Online Flea Markets (Subtitle: Unveiling the Surprising Realities of a Niche Market Through Data Analysis and AI)

(Note: This research analyzes consumer reactions and product characteristics in a specific market based on data. It does not endorse conspiracy theories nor promote or encourage any illegal or fraudulent activities.)

1. Abstract

This study aimed to clarify, from a probabilistic perspective, what combinations of information (topic x manipulation category) tend to attract attention and how pricing strategies affect sales of products marketed towards "conspiracy theorists" on online flea markets in Japan. Using an analogy from drug discovery's structural exploration, this research explored "information combinations" in products that resonate with individuals interested in conspiracy theories. Specifically, products were generated (some with AI assistance) based on defined topic categories (e.g., T1: Technology/Security) and manipulation categories (e.g., M1: Avoidance). The logarithm of the reaction rate (views / (searches + 1)) was used as a score for analysis, and the impact of pricing strategies (e.g., fixed at 5000 JPY, phased discounts) was examined. Results indicated that certain combinations (e.g., T3: Occult/Spiritual - M1: Avoidance) showed relatively high reaction rates. However, the effect of price changes was not uniform, and the total weekly views for this market segment remained around 100-120. Consequently, it was concluded that the scale of this specific market on the online flea market platform is extremely small. Therefore, even with a probabilistic model waiting for "hits" similar to those in certain types of specialized fraud schemes, achieving consistent sales is difficult due to the limited population size. This study serves as a case example of the possibilities and limitations of data-driven approaches in niche markets.

2. Introduction: Conspiracy Theories and Niche Market Potential

2.1. The Spread and Background of Conspiracy Theories in Modern Society

In contemporary society, conspiracy theories are proliferating at an unprecedented rate, facilitated by the internet and social media. These narratives typically allege that secret machinations by powerful individuals or groups lie behind specific events or social phenomena. Themes range испанский large-scale theories like QAnon to those concerning health and medicine. It has been pointed out that the psychology of those who believe in conspiracy theories may be influenced by factors such as anxiety in uncertain situations, a cognitive tendency to seek patterns, or distrust of existing authorities.

2.2. Research Motivation

The starting point for this research was a simple question: "Specialized fraud schemes, often succeed by identifying a very small number of 'susceptible individuals' out of numerous attempts. Might a similar probabilistic structure exist in the sale of products targeting those interested in conspiracy theories?" If so, it was hypothesized that it might be possible to identify which products, under what conditions, would have a higher probability of catching the "target's" eye and attracting interest.

2.3. Purpose of this Study

The purpose of this study is to exploratorily clarify, based on data, how "information combinations" (combinations of topic categories and manipulation categories) and "pricing strategies" of products ostensibly related to conspiracy theories affect user attention (using "reaction rate" as a proxy indicator) in a real-world online flea market environment. Ultimately, it aims to consider the possibilities and limitations of sales strategies in this type of niche market.

3. Research Perspective and Approach: Exploring "Information Combinations"

3.1. Analogy to Drug Discovery

In exploring the characteristics of products that resonate with conspiracy theorists, this study employed an analogy to "structural exploration problems" in drug discovery. In drug development, researchers search for optimal structures with specific effects from countless combinations of chemical structures. Similarly, "products that conspiracy theorists react to" were viewed as a type of "substance with an effect," and the "information combination of a product" (e.g., product theme, appeal points) was considered equivalent to a "chemical structure." Based on this framework, products with various information structures were generated and listed, and their reception was observed to explore more "effective" information structures, i.e., conditions likely to attract attention.

3.2. Balancing Exploration and Exploitation

In the initial research phase, with scarce data on which product combinations would attract attention, it was necessary to efficiently identify promising combinations. Therefore, an approach was adopted that considered the balance between "exploiting" combinations already known to be somewhat popular and "exploring" untried, unknown combinations. This shares a basic conceptual similarity with strategies like Thompson Sampling or the ε-greedy method, known in the field of reinforcement learning, which aim to achieve the best results within a limited number of trials.

4. Research Methodology: Experiments and Data Analysis on an Online Flea Market

4.1. Experimental Field and Period

The experiments for this study were conducted on an anonymous online flea market platform in Japan. The data collection period for individual products was, in principle, one day, and the overall research project spanned approximately one month (late April to late May 2025).

4.2. Product Categorization

To organize and analyze the characteristics of the listed products, they were categorized along the following two axes:

• Table 1: Definition of Main Product Topic Categories (T1-T4) (See Appendix 10.1 for details)
  • T1: Technology & Security
  • T2: Surveillance, Censorship & Government-Related
  • T3: Occult & Spiritual
  • T4: Forbidden Books & Knowledge Management
• Table 2: Definition of Product Manipulation Categories (M1-M3) (See Appendix 10.2 for details)
  • M1: Avoidance (e.g., avoiding electromagnetic waves)
  • M2: Detection (e.g., detecting hidden information)
  • M3: Approach/Processing/Amplification (e.g., approaching specific energies, processing information)

4.3. Listing Strategy and Data Collection

• Initial Listing Strategy: Initially, products were selected so that the listing ratio of the T×M combinations (12 in total) would be uniform.
• Sequential Adjustment of Listing Ratios: As data collection progressed, the logarithm of the reaction rate (log(reaction_rate)), a proxy for attention described later, was treated as a likelihood. The listing ratio for each T×M combination was then dynamically changed пропорционально to this value.
• Data Collection Items: Cumulative views (recorded as watch in this study) and search hits (recorded as search), updated every 24 hours by the online flea market platform, were manually recorded for each product. Since these figures did not change except at the time of updating, daily recording was sufficient.
• Listing Timing: New product listings were consistently made at 21:00 daily to eliminate variations in viewing trends due to time of day.
• Sample Size Criterion: Considering the 12 T×M combinations, a total sample size (number of listed products) of N=100 was considered a benchmark, also factoring in the time and effort of listing. The final analysis included 98 products.

4.4. Scoring of Attention

To measure how much attention users paid to product information, the following indicators were defined:

• Reaction Rate (reaction_rate): Defined as reaction_rate = watch / (search + 1). This represents the proportion of users who actually viewed the individual product page (watch) among those who encountered the product in search results or elsewhere (search). Adding 1 to the denominator was to avoid division by zero if search hits were 0 and to mitigate the impact of extremely low search hit counts.
• Score (score): Defined as score = log(reaction_rate) - log(0.5). Taking the logarithm of the reaction rate was confirmed to make the data distribution closer to a normal distribution (see Figure 1 below), facilitating statistical analysis. Subtracting log(0.5) was done to make a 50% reaction rate (half of those who searched viewed the page) the baseline (score 0), making it easier to compare attention levels relatively.

4.5. Verification of Pricing Strategies

The following experiments were conducted to verify the impact of product pricing on attention:

• Initial Pricing: Initially listed products were priced at a fixed 5000 JPY.
• Phased Discount Experiment: For some products, the listing price started at 5000 JPY and was discounted by 100 JPY at daily intervals. Cumulative views and search hits were recorded at each step (data recorded in "Daily Change Data.xlsx").
• Later Price Changes: In the latter half of the research, hoping to elicit more reactions, some products were priced around 3000 JPY, and eventually, all products were priced at 1500 JPY to observe reactions.
• Approach to Analyzing Price/Image Effects: The impact of price changes or product image alterations on attention was considered by applying the principles of DiD (Difference in Difference) analysis, comparing changes in data under different conditions, rather than through rigorous statistical analysis.

4.6. AI-Generated Product Descriptions

Some of the product descriptions were generated using Google's Gemini API. Prompts, in a format similar to the query variable in "Conspiracy_Research.ipynb," instructed the AI to generate descriptions aligning with conspiracy-related contexts by combining specified topic (e.g., T3: Occult & Spiritual) and manipulation (e.g., M1: Avoidance) keywords.

4.7. Analysis of Day-of-Week Effects

To evaluate the impact of the listing day of the week on attention, scores for each product, adjusted by subtracting the overall average score, were aggregated by day of the week and observed for trends.

5. Results: What Attracted Attention and What Didn't

5.1. Distribution of Attention Scores

First, the distribution of attention scores (log(reaction_rate) - log(0.5)) for all products was examined.

Figure 1: Q-Q Plot of log(reaction_rate) Vertical Axis: Ordered Values, Horizontal Axis: Theoretical quantiles | Ordered Values | Theoretical quantiles | | :-------------: | :--------------------: | | Approx. -1.7 | Approx. -1.5 | | Approx. -1.2 | Approx. -1.0 | | Approx. -0.8 | Approx. -0.6 | | Approx. -0.6 | Approx. -0.3 | | Approx. -0.1 | Approx. 0.0 | | Approx. 0.1 | Approx. 0.2 | | Approx. 0.3 | Approx. 0.3 | | Approx. 0.4 | Approx. 0.5 | | Approx. 0.5 | Approx. 0.7 | | Approx. 1.0 | Approx. 0.9 | | Approx. 1.5 | Approx. 1.6 | (Source: log(reaction_rate)よし、正規分布の仮定でいいらしい.jpg)

This Q-Q plot shows that the data points for log(reaction_rate) fall approximately on a straight line, suggesting that the distribution is close to normal. This supports the validity of statistical analysis using the log-transformed score. Furthermore, a histogram of the scores (generated as df["score"].hist() in "Conspiracy_Research.ipynb") showed that the scores were dispersed over a certain range.

5.2. "Information Combinations" That Attracted More Attention

Next, an analysis was conducted to determine which "information combinations" in products garnered higher attention scores.

• Figure 2: Average Attention Score by Topic Vertical Axis: Average Score, Horizontal Axis: Topic | Topic | Average Score (Approx.) | | :---: | :--------------------: | | T1 | Approx. 0.1 | | T2 | Approx. 0.3 | | T3 | Approx. 0.8 | | T4 | Approx. 0.15 | (Source: np.log(reaction_rate)-np.log(0.5)_by_topic.png)

  When categorized by main topic, "T3: Occult & Spiritual" showed a markedly higher average score compared to other topics.

• Figure 3: Average Attention Score by Manipulation Category Vertical Axis: Average Score, Horizontal Axis: Subtopic | Subtopic | Average Score (Approx.) | | :------: | :--------------------: | | M1 | Approx. -0.1 | | M2 | Approx. 0.32 | | M3 | Approx. 0.43 | (Source: score_mean_by_subtopic.jpg)

  By manipulation category, "M3: Approach/Processing/Amplification" had the highest average score, followed by "M2: Detection," and then "M1: Avoidance." "M1: Avoidance" had a negative average score, indicating a relatively low level of attention.

• Figure 4: Ranking of Average Attention Scores by Topic × Manipulation Category Vertical Axis: Average Score, Horizontal Axis: Combination of Topic & Subtopic | Combination (T, M) | Average Score (Approx.) | | :-----------------: | :--------------------: | | (T1, M1) | Approx. -1.1 | | (T2, M2) | Approx. -0.2 | | (T4, M1) | Approx. -0.1 | | (T4, M3) | Approx. 0.05 | | (T1, M2) | Approx. 0.08 | | (T2, M3) | Approx. 0.5 | | (T2, M1) | Approx. 0.55 | | (T3, M2) | Approx. 0.7 | | (T3, M3) | Approx. 0.75 | | (T1, M3) | Approx. 0.9 | | (T4, M2) | Approx. 1.0 | | (T3, M1) | Approx. 1.05 | (Source: score_mean_by_topic_and_subtopic.jpg)

  For combinations of topic and manipulation categories, pairings like "T3(Occult & Spiritual) - M1(Avoidance)" and "T4(Forbidden Books & Knowledge Management) - M2(Detection)" ranked high, while "T1(Technology & Security) - M1(Avoidance)" and others scored low (see Appendix 10.3 for details). A note in the research log, "M1=Avoidance seems unpopular anyway," supports this trend.

5.3. Impact of Pricing Strategies

The impact of price changes on attention was not uniform.

• Figure 5: Schematic Comparison of Attention Trends for Fixed-Price vs. Discounted Products (Original Data: "5000 JPY Fixed.jpg", "Daily Change Data.xlsx", "Power of Discounting.jpg")

  • Trend Example for 5000 JPY Fixed-Price Products Vertical Axis: Indicator Value (0.0-0.8), Horizontal Axis: Period | Product Name | Initial Value | Mid Value | Final Value | | :------------------------------------------ | :-----------: | :-------: | :---------: | | Ancient Energy Amplifying Pen - Quantum Flow- | Approx. 0.65 | Approx. 0.3 | Approx. 0.25 | | Pen of Truth Evasion | - | - | - | | Knowledge Prohibition Evasion Pen | Approx. 0.22 | Approx. 0.22 | Approx. 0.25 | | Ancient Wisdom Writing Tool - Knowledge Leak Evasion Model | Approx. 0.32 | Approx. 0.55 | Approx. 0.54 | (Source: 5000円固定のもの.jpg)
  • Power of Discounting (Count Comparison) Vertical Axis: Count, Horizontal Axis: Indicator Value Range | Indicator Value Range | Discounted (Blue) | Not Discounted (Red) | | :------------------: | :---------------: | :------------------: | | 0.0-0.5 | 1 | 2 | | 0.5-1.0 | 8 | 2 | | 1.0-1.5 | 10 | 0 | | 1.5-2.0 | 9 | 0 | | 2.0-2.5 | 3 | 0 | | 2.5-3.0 | 1 | 0 | (Source: 値下げの威力.jpg)

  When prices were fixed at 5000 JPY, many products showed no significant change in attention ("It really doesn't change if you don't discount lol"). In contrast, for product groups that were progressively discounted, some cases showed impression/search (an indicator thought to be close to the click-through rate from search results) converging towards a specific value soon after discounting began (around the 3rd day) ("On the other hand, discounting makes impression/search converge to a proper value?").

• However, as noted in the research log, "Discounted products, if anything, got worse reactions...?", data in "Daily Change Data.xlsx" confirmed that for some products, views and search hits stagnated or even decreased after price reductions.

5.4. Linguistic Trends in Products That Attracted Attention

The research log contains the entry, "Products with good reactions, when vectorized by words, are mostly the same." This suggests commonalities in the words and phrases used in the descriptions of products that garnered high attention. Specifically, when a vector was assigned based on the position of words used from a predefined list (e.g., T1 category keyword list), products with high attention tended to have similar vectors. For example, keywords frequently appearing in conspiracy theories, such as "special technology," "protection from surveillance," "5G interference prevention," "thought control," "HAARP," "QR code nullification," or sensational appeals combining these, as devised in the "Conspiracy Theorist Ballpoint Pen Product Plan," could potentially attract a certain level of interest.

5.5. Data Collection Challenges

During the analysis, a challenge was identified: "Aggregating by T*M alone inevitably results in products that don't get search hits." This indicates that for certain niche combinations, products might not be sufficiently exposed by the online flea market's search algorithm, leading to extremely low view and search hit counts, thus making accurate attention assessment difficult.

6. Discussion: The Small Reality of the Conspiracy Market and Probabilistic Models

6.1. Interpretation of Information Combinations That Attracted High Attention

The results of this study showed a tendency for products related to "T3: Occult & Spiritual" and those appealing to "M3: Approach/Processing/Amplification" manipulations to gather relatively high attention. The combination "T3-M1 (Occult & Spiritual - Avoidance)" also scored highly. These tendencies might be interpretable in relation to the psychological characteristics of conspiracy believers described in the "Comprehensive Analysis of Modern Conspiracy Theories." For instance, the "Occult & Spiritual" theme might appeal to an interest in phenomena unexplained by existing science or authority, or to a desire for special knowledge (a sense of being chosen). The "Avoidance" manipulation could resonate with vague anxieties and threat perceptions regarding society or technology (e.g., defense against electromagnetic waves, escape from surveillance), while "Approach/Processing/Amplification" might be perceived as fulfilling desires to access hidden truths or special powers.

6.2. Complexity of Pricing Strategies

Regarding pricing strategies, the results showed that simple discounting did not always lead to increased attention. The fact that some products experienced worse reactions after discounting suggests that price might function as a signal of quality or trustworthiness, or that the price sensitivity of the target demographic is not uniform. Alternatively, the initial pricing (5000 JPY) might have been significantly outside the typical price range for this niche market, thus limiting the effectiveness of discounts.

6.3. Market Size Estimation and Validation of the "Probabilistic" Model

One of the most crucial findings of this research relates to market size. The research log states, "Even with discounting, weekly views settled around 100-120. This reasonably implies that only about this many people on the online flea market react to such comprehensively sprinkled conspiracy-related words." Based on this observation, the active user base (market size) on the online flea market studied, who proactively react to the keyword "conspiracy theory" and search/view related products, was estimated to be extremely small, around 100 individuals on a weekly basis.

This market size estimation casts significant doubt on the validity of the initial research motivation: a "probabilistic business model similar to specialized fraud." Specialized fraud schemes profit by reaching a certain number of "targets" through a vast number of attempts (e.g., phone calls), even with a very low success rate. However, in the market targeted by this study, the potential customer base (population) is absolutely too small. Therefore, even if the probability of attracting attention could be somewhat increased, translating this into actual sales (y=1, i.e., a sale occurring) is considered extremely difficult. To quote the research log, the conclusion is that "the population is too small for a realized value (y=1) to be feasible." If the market size were, for example, around 100,000, a 0.01% reaction rate could be expected to yield 10 sales, but this premise does not hold in the current situation.

6.4. Effectiveness and Limitations of This Research Approach

The approach of exploring "information combinations," using an analogy to drug discovery, demonstrated some effectiveness in probing product appeal points and the interests of the target demographic in a niche market. Using proxy indicators like reaction rates allows for an understanding of attention trends even when actual sales data is scarce. However, the limitations of this approach also became clear. If the market size itself is a major constraint for business viability, then optimizing information structure, no matter how well, is unlikely to lead to substantial results.

6.5. Fixation on "Pens" as a Product and Other Possibilities

The research log includes the insight, "I see products like 'CMC' are selling, maybe I should have sourced and sold those instead of fixating on pens." This suggests that the "pen" product category, which was the main focus of this study, might not have been the most in-demand item in this niche market. If a similar analytical approach had been tried with products more aligned with market needs (e.g., health accessories, also mentioned in the log), different results might have been obtained. However, as the researcher pointed out, delving that far would go beyond the scope of a hobby and become a full-fledged business, so it was not pursued in this study.

7. Conclusion and Future Outlook

7.1. Summary of This Study

This study attempted to identify conditions (information combinations, pricing) for maximizing the attention received by conspiracy-related products on an online flea market, using a data-driven approach. The results confirmed that certain combinations of topics (Occult & Spiritual) and manipulation categories (Avoidance, Approach, etc.) tended to show relatively high reaction rates. However, the impact of price changes was complex and did not yield consistent effects. The most significant conclusion was that the scale of this niche market on the online flea market in question is extremely small, suggesting that applying a probabilistic "hit-or-miss" business model would make achieving stable sales difficult.

7.2. Implications of the Statistical Approach

This research demonstrated that even in niche markets with limited data, setting proxy indicators like reaction rates and employing exploratory approaches (experimental design, sequential improvement) can provide certain insights into market characteristics and consumer interest directions. Statistical thinking and data analysis can serve as a "compass" to aid decision-making even in such tentative situations.

7.3. Future Outlook

Based on the findings of this study, the following future prospects can be considered: * Validation on Larger Platforms: Conducting similar research on platforms with a larger user base might alleviate market size constraints and yield different results. * Application to Different Niche Markets: The "information combination exploration" approach used in this study could potentially be applied to product development and marketing strategies in various niche markets other than conspiracy theories. * Long-Term Observation: Based on the research log's reflection that "conspiracy business... it should be optimal to leave [products] there so they catch the eye when an idiot searches," observing product attention and sales over a longer period might yield different insights.

8. Research Limitations

This study has several limitations: * Limited Scope of Platform: The experiments were confined to a specific online flea market, and the results may not be generalizable to other platforms or the market as a whole. * Use of Proxy Indicators: "Reaction rate" of attention was used as the primary evaluation metric, rather than actual "sales" data, so it does not necessarily directly correlate with sales performance. * Sample Size Constraints: The number of products analyzed was 98, and the estimated market size was also small (around 100 weekly users), limiting statistical power. * Lack of Word-Level Analysis: Detailed analysis of the impact of individual words or phrases in product descriptions on attention, using advanced text mining or natural language processing, was not conducted.

9. References

• BBC News Japan. (2020, August 29). "QAnon to wa nani ka: Inbouron shuudan no shoutai to mokuteki, kikensei" [What is QAnon: The identity, purpose, and danger of the conspiracy theory group].
• Waseda University Institute for Advanced Social Sciences. (2022, August 1). "【Kenkyuu Shoukai】Inbouron wa naze hirogaru no ka? Sono shinri mekanizumu ni semaru" [(Research Introduction) Why do conspiracy theories spread? Approaching the psychological mechanism].
• Brotherton, R., French, C. C., & Pickering, A. D. (2013). Measuring belief in conspiracy theories: The generic conspiracist beliefs scale. Frontiers in psychology, 4, 279.

10. Appendix

10.1. Table: Detailed Definitions of Main Product Topic Categories (T1-T4)

| Category ID | Category Name | Summary/Keyword Examples | | :---------- | :------------------- | :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | T1 | Technology & Security | EMF, 5G, electromagnetic waves, radiation, shielding, communication, encryption, software, programs, biometric authentication, etc. | | T2 | Surveillance, Censorship & Government-Related | Surveillance, censorship, government secrets, secrets, documents, records, government documents, etc. | | T3 | Occult & Spiritual | Orb detection, spiritual phenomena, pendulums, ancient civilizations, alien contact, energy, crystals, chakras, quantum consciousness, etc. | | T4 | Forbidden Books & Knowledge Management | Ancient texts, forbidden books, ancient languages, shortwave (retro technology), etc. |

10.2. Table: Detailed Definitions of Product Manipulation Categories (M1-M3)

| Category ID | Category Name | Summary/Keyword Examples | | :---------- | :--------------------------- | :--------------------------------------------------------- | | M1 | Avoidance | Shielding, soundproofing, prevention, avoidance (e.g., avoiding negative energy) | | M2 | Detection | Detectors, finders, detection devices, deciphering (e.g., detecting hidden information) | | M3 | Approach/Processing/Amplification | Processing, amplification, magnification (e.g., approaching and amplifying ancient knowledge) |

10.3. Table: Summary of Main Analysis Results (Examples of High/Low Average Attention Scores by Topic × Manipulation Category)

| Combination (T-M) | Average Score (Approx.) | Trend | | :---------------- | :---------------------- | :----------------- | | T3 - M1 | High | Attracts attention | | T4 - M2 | High | Attracts attention | | T1 - M3 | Medium-High | Relatively attentive | | T2 - M3 | Medium | Somewhat attentive | | T1 - M1 | Low (Negative) | Less attention | | T2 - M1 | Low (Negative) | Less attention | (Note: The scores above are approximate values from the figures and actual precise numbers are based on the original data.)

10.4. Representative Examples of AI-Generated Product Descriptions

Basic Prompt Structure Example: "I want to sell {word} at a high price. Combine one from {maintopic} and {manipulation} to create a product description and an appropriate price. Respond in the format: 'Main Topic Category (T1-T4)':'Manipulation Category (M1-M3)':'Product Name':'Product Description':'Price' only once. Absolutely adhere to the specified {maintopic} and {manipulation}. No other output is necessary. Respond in Japanese." (Placeholders like {word} would be filled with "ballpoint pen," {maintopic} with "T3," and {manipulation} with "M1," etc., as specific instructions.)

Generated Example (Combination T3 - M1): * "Thought Shield Ballpoint Pen: This pen was specially created to powerfully block and evade external negative thoughts and spiritual interference through the sacred act of writing. Based on ancient esoteric arts and quantum consciousness theory, a special energy shield sealed inside the pen protects your thought space and personal field. Using it when signing important contracts or for work requiring concentration helps defend against malice and unnecessary energy, maintaining clear thought. The act of holding it itself becomes a powerful barrier, effectively evading unnecessary energies in daily life." * "Quantum Shield Energy Pen: The act of writing with this pen deploys a quantum shield around your energy field. It is expected to block and evade negative energies and unnecessary external influences, and to balance your chakras. This is a limited-production item using special manufacturing methods and rare materials."

@ ce2820ce:8cf20d40

If you insist that my worldview join your pessimistic outlook on life, and you argue with me with a vengeance until I sympathize with your miserable failing hopeless vision of the future...than fight me!

Go ahead, give me all your reasons why I should fear:::Climate Change. Political Injustice. Too much screen time. The Dangers of social media. Fentanyl in my Cheerios. Glyphosate in my weed. Plastic in my brain. Estrogen in my receipt paper.

And the list goes on:::Nuclear War. The Ominous Second Coming of Hitler. The Genocide of Gaza. The Anti-semitism. The Ultra-Rich After my Red Meat.

And while I'm at it, how about the thousands of other “micro-negativities” that are casually beaten into our psyche all day. Pleasure and punishment in the same sadistic act. Warning labels and threats of death on everything from clothing to candy wrappers.

Don't get me wrong. I understand all the reasons why the alarm bells are going off. I'm most definitely thinking about the healthiest possible long term future for my kids, and for many generations to come.

We are not done here, is what I have to say to that. And if you narcissitic, self-loathing, pathologically empathetic descendants of hippies think that this is the last generation to ever walk the Earth, than all I ask is; Go Kill Yourselves Now, and spare us all the trouble of your self-perpetuated miseries.

If you have no mind for the future, and you don't plan on having children, than you better well keep your traps shut and go enjoy the fuck out of this glorious age of excess that we are currently abiding in, until its gone. Because what do you care if it is? You're not leaving any future generations to the dystopia, so what do you have to feel guilty about?

If you do have a mind for the future, and you have or would like to have children of your own, then my heartfelt response to you is that you should do your utmost to focus on the solutions, the bright spots, the gratitudes of life and the progress that humans have made and that we will continue to make. There is no stopping now.

There are no doubt terrifying problems and apocalyptic potentials for Planet Earth in the coming centuries, but this pattern of preaching fear HAS GOT TO STOP. All we are doing is entertaining negativity; giving far too much credit to the forces of destruction and to the demons of our own dissatisfactions.

Too many generations are now embracing a culture of hopelessness. We've pounded their heads full of horrible news for their future – climate change, diseases, technology woes – and we continue to do so on a daily basis. We pontificate about skyrocketing mental health and suicide rates among teens, but all we do is point fingers and shout platitudes at those to whom we offload the responsibility of our kids to.

So do the future a favor, and start thinking about one that you might actually enjoy living in. If you're already having that problem – the one about enjoying things – than figure out what the fuck it is that is keeping you from envisioning a positive future. What went wrong in your own life that made you so depressed and unhappy? Misery loves company, we all know that, and it seems that the only way to relate to my peers these days is through a semi-informed rant about the stresses and horrors of the modern world.

The problem is, we don't stick to our guns when it comes to those convictions. We complain about social media, but we still use it everyday. We put AI on blast and expound its humanity ending potentials, while we ask it questions about our astrology and our skin conditions.

So if you are going to spread the murder pron, and fill your stories up with the perpetual shock and fear, in-between selfies of you enjoying your luxurious life, than you are living a duplicitous and dangerous path.

You feel guilty for your privileged life, and the way you assuage that is by expounding your concern for the ills and unfairness of the outside world, and by pretending to “put in the work” to “heal our wounds” or destroy the patriarchy by smearing your big ass across my Instagram feeds. Here, let me help you.

Your Suffering isn't Saving Anybody. It's only pulling a drag net through your mind's ability to let happiness and love into your life. Don't take pride in your own wounds, as you do not really wish them on anybody else, and you certainly don't want your kids to feel the trauma's you are trying to get over from your own childhood.

So if you think “pessimism is the only morally acceptable emotion” when it comes to thinking about the future, than I will fight you tooth and nail to maintain my own delusion that the future is still bright. If you want to tell my kids that Hitler is coming, that the sea levels are rising, and that AI will end their lives, than I will beat your misery to a bloody pulp, and try and help you see a future worth living.

The point is, I've lost friends, and watched love ones fall into this “addiction” to the broadcast news negativity. It is a bad habit that must be broken, as we are losing our ability to trust, and losing our faith in our own power. If you isolate yourself with misery, than you will never feel emboldened to overcome anything, and you will never learn what love can do.

Look at the future. If you don't see any hope, than you better find some. It takes courage to move forward, and it takes courage to kill yourself. It takes only cowardice to remain in the muddled middle-ground of in-action and crippling in-decision.

Make the move, and tell me how it goes. I’m here to help.

With Love,

-§parrow

@ 7459d333:f207289b

Tokenization of physical assets sounds kinda dumb. Say you tokenize a house. What happens if you loose the private keys? What happens if the last “legal” (on paper) owner claims it? Basically, the tokenization is useless. The house is still subject to whatever jurisdiction is in. And the smart contract can say whatever, but that does not make it true.

What's not so obvious is for virtual assets or service tokens. A good example is cashu. Where tokenizing Bitcoin has the advantages of allowing the users to transact with it “without the mint's permission”. This could be applied similarly for concert tickets or API credits.

For example, the biggest problem of concert ticket reselling is trusting that other copies of the PDF with the QR code won't be used before the one you bought. Or that you won't have problems at the entry because the ticket is not in your name. A mint that allows users to transact between them preventing double spending and fungibility would solve this.

But for some reason shitcoiners are obsessed on tokenizing physical assets or company shares. Where the only benefit that tokenizing could bring is avoiding regulations (until they update the laws).

So, what's your take on tokenization?

https://stacker.news/items/992519

@ 29313cc9:a6bf155e

I thought i'd experiment with this Nostr blogging thing and write a short article on the state of Meshtastic and its alternatives.

For years Meshtastic was the only game in town, there wasn't a lot of users but the authors kept plugging away and it has become a thriving ecosystem of open source hardware, software, tools and social scene.

Meshtastic has always been focused on node to node messaging, in particular one of the use cases specifically mentioned was hiking in the wilderness or skiing in the mountains and being able to use these devices off-grid, perhaps even without a phone to communicate with one and other. The project does have a few other features like telemetry, remote admin, packet data etc but the messaging was the focus. Because of this focus, the core functionality needs to be built into the firmware of these low powered devices like ESP32 for example. This restricts what can be done in terms of CPU power and storage, but also makes synchronization between device and phone cumbersome.

Unfortunately, as a messaging platform, Meshtastic still struggles even after all these years. Message delivery and routing are fairly unreliable, 95% of conversations go along the lines of "hello, test, anyone there?". Now I should mention, if you have a very good signal to your peers the reliability can be good, but even then its not a guarantee.

Early on in the Meshtastic journey I stumbled upon a similar project named Reticulum which can utilize the same LoRa based hardware but aims to be a more comprehensive platform for decentralized communications and currently requires a computer or raspberry pi to run the Python backend alongside the LoRa hardware as a radio. Reticulum has historically been a less polished UI experience and a little idiosyncratic in its design which has probably hindered its adoption a little. But the main difference to Meshtastic is Reticulum requires bigger hardware and is less suitable for remote installations, solar powered setups etc. My understanding is once v1.0 has been released (soon) there may be efforts to port the code to native C which may allow hardware nodes to run as repeaters on their own.

More recently a new project has been announced called Meshcore, which is more closely aligned with Meshtastic than Reticulum, Meshcore makes several important improvements to message delivery and routing in an attempt to improve the reliability of the core feature, messaging. Popular Youtube channel Andy Kirby has been central in helping Meshcore gain popularity and I think he may be involved in the commercial aspects of the project. The smartphone apps and website mapping and flasher tools are a bit more polished with Meshcore.

One of the biggest contributors in the space is Liam Cottle who has created mapping websites for Meshtastic & Meshcore, he also built the Meshcore smartphone app and built the fantastic Reticulum MeshChat UI.

With all this new competition Meshtastic appears to be pushing out more frequent updates and whilst they have been introducing more bugs into the software it is nice to see some faster progress.

In my opinion Reticulum is probably the most interesting project with the most potential, but they do need to get the core routing engine running standalone on low powered hardware for the project to expand to more hardware/radio focused users.

That is all. Mesh on!

@ 3770c235:16042bcc

Let’s clear something up: frugal living isn’t about eating ramen every night or never treating yourself. It’s about being intentional with your money so you can enjoy what matters more. Think of it like editing a movie—you cut the boring scenes to highlight the best parts. You don’t have to give up lattes, travel, or Friday pizza nights. You just need a few clever tricks to make your money stretch further while keeping the fun intact.

Take my friend Alex, for example. Last year, he felt overwhelmed by credit card debt but didn’t want to give up his weekend hikes or coffee shop visits. By tweaking a few habits—like auditing subscriptions and prioritizing experiences—he paid off $5,000 in debt and still took a camping trip with his kids. The secret? Small, intentional choices that add up. In this guide, we’ll share practical, joy-friendly hacks to help you save smarter. Plus, we’ll mention sites like Crown Money—a budgeting service that makes tracking your progress effortless—so you can focus on living well, not pinching pennies.

**1. Audit Your Subscriptions (Yes, Even That One) ** You know that streaming service you haven’t opened since 2022? Or the gym membership you keep “meaning to use”? Those small charges add up fast. A recent study found the average person spends 219/month on forgotten subscriptions—that’s over 2,600 a year!

• The Hack: Every 3 months, review your subscriptions. Ask: “Do I actually use this?” Cancel anything that doesn’t spark joy. • Pro Tip: Use Crown Money to see all your subscriptions in one place. The app automatically flags recurring charges, so you don’t have to hunt through bank statements. You’ll even get a nudge like, “You’ve paid $14.99/month for ‘Premium Yoga App’—last used 6 months ago. Cancel?” Real-Life Example: Sarah canceled two unused streaming services and a meditation app she forgot about. She saved $45/month—enough to fund her new hobby: pottery classes. “I didn’t realize how much clutter I was paying for,” she said. “Now I’m learning to make mugs instead of binge-watching shows I don’t even like.”

**2. Embrace the “Joy Budget” (Seriously, Budget for Fun) ** Frugality fails when it feels like deprivation. Instead, carve out guilt-free money for things you love. Behavioral scientists call this “temptation bundling”—pairing savings goals with rewards to stay motivated.

• The Hack: Allocate 10–15% of your budget to a “Joy Fund” for hobbies, dining out, or travel. • Pro Tip: In Crown Money, create a custom category like “Adventure Fund” or “Treat Yourself.” Set a monthly limit and track how much you’ve saved for that weekend getaway or concert ticket. The app’s visual progress bars turn saving into a game—imagine watching your “Beach Trip 2024” fund grow with every dollar.

Real-Life Example: Mark loves trying new restaurants. By setting a $100/month “Dining Out” budget in Crown Money, he enjoys date nights without overspending. “I used to feel guilty splurging on sushi,” he shared. “Now I know it’s part of the plan, so I savor every bite.”

1. Master Mindful Spending (Ask This One Question) Before buying anything non-essential, ask: “Will this add value to my life, or just clutter?” Retail therapy might feel good in the moment, but that $50 impulse sweater often ends up forgotten in the back of your closet.

• The Hack: Implement a 24-hour “cooling-off” period for impulse buys. If you still want it tomorrow, go for it! • Pro Tip: Use Crown Money to review your spending trends. The app’s monthly reports show where your money goes, helping you spot habits (like late-night online shopping) that don’t align with your goals. Set up alerts like, “You’ve spent $75 on ‘Miscellaneous’ this week—want to check in?” Real-Life Example: Lisa avoided buying a $200 jacket on impulse. After 24 hours, she realized she didn’t need it—and put the money toward a weekend camping trip instead. “I almost bought something I’d wear once,” she laughed. “Now I have photos of sunsets instead of buyer’s remorse.”

1. DIY and Swap (Your Wallet Will Thank You) Frugal living thrives on creativity. Swap buying new for: • DIY solutions: Make coffee at home (a $5 bag of beans lasts weeks!), repair clothes, or grow herbs instead of buying them. • Community swaps: Trade books, tools, or skills with friends (e.g., “I’ll babysit if you help me fix my bike”).

Pro Tip: Track your monthly expenses in Crown Money. Create a category like “Homemade Wins” and watch how small choices (like brewing your latte) add up over time. For example, skipping a daily 4 coffee shop visit saves 120/month—that’s a weekend road trip! Real-Life Example: Jake started meal prepping lunches instead of buying 15 salads. He saves 300/month—enough for a monthly massage. “I’m eating healthier and funding self-care,” he said. “Plus, my coworkers are jealous of my teriyaki bowls.”

1. Prioritize Experiences Over “Stuff” (Happiness Science Approved) Research shows experiences bring longer-lasting joy than material purchases. A 2023 study found people who spent money on concerts, trips, or classes reported 30% higher life satisfaction than those who bought gadgets or clothes.

Instead of splurging on gadgets, invest in: • Free/low-cost adventures: Hiking, picnics, game nights, or exploring local festivals. • Shared moments: Host a potluck instead of dining out. Pro Tip: Use Crown Money to set a goal like “Summer Adventure Fund.” Allocate $50/month, and let the app remind you to fund it automatically. Watching that fund grow feels like planning a vacation in slow motion. Real-Life Example: Maria and her partner skipped a pricey vacation and rented a cozy cabin nearby. They saved $1,200 and still made memories roasting marshmallows under the stars. “We thought we needed a fancy trip to connect,” she said. “Turns out, all we needed was a fire pit and no Wi-Fi.”

Key Takeaways • Cut the clutter: Cancel unused subscriptions and track them with tools like Crown Money. • Budget for joy: Allocate guilt-free money for hobbies and experiences. • Pause before purchasing: Avoid impulse buys with a 24-hour rule. • Get creative: DIY, swap, and repurpose to save without sacrifice. • Invest in experiences: They’re richer than “stuff” and often cheaper.

FAQs: Frugal Living Made Simple Q: How do I stay motivated to save? A: Tie savings to specific goals (e.g., “Save $500 for a weekend trip”). Apps like Crown Money let you visualize progress, which feels rewarding!

Q: Can I be frugal and still socialize? A: Absolutely! Host DIY spa nights, picnic potlucks, or free museum days. Use Crown Money to set a “Social Fun” budget and stick to it.

Q: What if I slip up and overspend? A: No guilt! Adjust your budget next month. Crown Money makes it easy to shift funds between categories.

Q: How do I track small savings from DIY habits? A: Create a custom category in Crown Money (e.g., “Homemade Wins”) and log your savings manually. Watching it grow is addictive!

Q: What if I have a financial emergency? A: Build a “Safety Net” category in Crown Money. Start small—even $20/month adds up. The app’s reminders keep you consistent.

**Final Thoughts: Frugal Is Freedom ** Frugal living isn’t about saying “no”—it’s about saying “yes” to what truly lights you up. By trimming the financial fat (goodbye, unused subscriptions!), budgeting for joy, and getting creative, you can save money and savor life’s best moments. Tools like Crown Money are your allies here. They handle the tracking and nudging, so you can focus on the fun parts: planning adventures, trying new recipes, or laughing with friends over a board game. Remember: the goal isn’t perfection. It’s progress. Start small, celebrate wins, and let your frugal habits grow naturally. Your wallet (and your inner joy-seeker) will thank you.

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

ย้อนกลับไปปี 2014 ชายชื่อ Patrick O. Brown ศาสตราจารย์ชีววิทยาเชิงโมเลกุลแห่งมหาวิทยาลัยแตนฟอร์ด ตัดสินใจลาออกจากเส้นทางวิชาการสายหลัก เพื่อมาก่อตั้งบริษัทที่เขาเชื่อว่าจะเปลี่ยนโลก Impossible Foods

ดร. แพทริค โอ. บราวน์ (Patrick O. Brown) เป็นนักชีวเคมีและนักธุรกิจชาวอเมริกันและศาสตราจารย์กิตติคุณด้านชีวเคมีแห่งมหาวิทยาลัยสแตนฟอร์ด เขาได้รับปริญญาตรี แพทยศาสตรบัณฑิต และปรัชญาดุษฎีบัณฑิตด้านชีวเคมีจากมหาวิทยาลัยชิคาโก หลังจากนั้น เขาได้เข้ารับการฝึกอบรมด้านกุมารเวชศาสตร์ที่โรงพยาบาล Children's Memorial ในชิคาโก ในช่วงหลังปริญญาเอก เขาได้ทำงานวิจัยเกี่ยวกับกลไกที่ไวรัส HIV และเรโทรไวรัสอื่น ๆ แทรกยีนของพวกมันเข้าสู่จีโนมของเซลล์ที่ติดเชื้อ ซึ่งช่วยนำไปสู่การพัฒนายาใหม่ในการต่อสู้กับโรคนี้

ในช่วงต้นทศวรรษ 1990 ดร. บราวน์และทีมงานของเขาที่สแตนฟอร์ดได้พัฒนาเทคโนโลยี DNA microarray ซึ่งเป็นเครื่องมือที่ช่วยให้นักวิจัยสามารถวิเคราะห์การแสดงออกของยีนทั้งหมดในจีโนมได้พร้อมกัน เทคโนโลยีนี้มีบทบาทสำคัญในการวิจัยทางชีววิทยาและการแพทย์ โดยเฉพาะในการจำแนกประเภทของมะเร็งและการพยากรณ์โรค

นอกจากนี้ ดร. บราวน์ยังเป็นผู้ร่วมก่อตั้ง Public Library of Science (PLOS) ซึ่งเป็นองค์กรไม่แสวงหาผลกำไรที่มุ่งเน้นการเผยแพร่ผลงานวิจัยทางวิทยาศาสตร์ให้เข้าถึงได้ฟรีและเปิดกว้างต่อสาธารณะ

ในปี 2011 ดร. บราวน์ได้ก่อตั้ง Impossible Foods โดยมีเป้าหมายในการสร้างผลิตภัณฑ์เนื้อสัตว์จากพืชที่มีรสชาติและเนื้อสัมผัสคล้ายเนื้อสัตว์จริง เพื่อลดผลกระทบต่อสิ่งแวดล้อมจากการเลี้ยงสัตว์ เขาและทีมงานได้ค้นพบว่าโมเลกุล heme ซึ่งเป็นส่วนประกอบที่ให้รสชาติและกลิ่นเฉพาะของเนื้อสัตว์ สามารถผลิตจากพืชได้ โดยเฉพาะจากรากถั่วเหลือง พวกเขาใช้เทคนิคทางวิศวกรรมชีวภาพในการผลิต heme จากยีสต์ที่ได้รับการดัดแปลงพันธุกรรม และนำมาผสมกับโปรตีนจากพืชเพื่อสร้างผลิตภัณฑ์ที่มีลักษณะคล้ายเนื้อสัตว์

ดร. บราวน์ได้รับการยอมรับอย่างกว้างขวางในวงการวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี โดยได้รับรางวัลและเกียรติคุณหลายรายการ รวมถึงการเป็นสมาชิกของ National Academy of Sciences และ National Academy of Medicine ของสหรัฐอเมริกา ด้วยความมุ่งมั่นในการแก้ไขปัญหาสิ่งแวดล้อมผ่านนวัตกรรมทางอาหาร ดร. แพทริค โอ. บราวน์ ได้กลายเป็นบุคคลสำคัญที่มีบทบาทในการเปลี่ยนแปลงวิธีการบริโภคอาหารของโลกในศตวรรษที่ 21

เป้าหมายของเขาไม่ใช่เพียงแค่ทำอาหาร แต่คือ "ยุติการทำปศุสัตว์ให้หมดสิ้นภายในปี 2035"

เขาไม่ได้พูดลอย ๆ เขาลงมือ “ทำเนื้อจากพืช” ด้วยเทคโนโลยีที่ซับซ้อนระดับวิศวกรรมชีวภาพ นำโปรตีนจากถั่วเหลือง + น้ำมันมะพร้าว + เทคเจอร์ + สารเติมแต่งอีกชุดใหญ่ มาผ่านกระบวนการแปรรูปจนดูคล้ายเนื้อย่าง แต่ที่ทำให้ “มันดูเหมือนเนื้อจริง” คือการเติม ฮีม (Heme) เข้าไปสารประกอบที่อยู่ในเลือดและเนื้อสัตว์จริง ๆ

Impossible Foods คือบริษัทที่ไม่ได้เพียง “ปลอมรสชาติเนื้อ” แต่พยายามสร้างเนื้อจากพืช ให้เหมือนเนื้อจริงที่สุดเท่าที่วิทยาศาสตร์จะเอื้อมถึง จุดขายที่ทำให้แบรนด์นี้ดังเปรี้ยงก็คือสิ่งที่เรียกว่า “ฮีม” (heme) หรือโมเลกุลเหล็กในเลือด ซึ่งเป็นตัวการหลักที่ทำให้เนื้อวัวมีกลิ่นและรสเฉพาะตัวเวลาถูกย่างจนหอมฉุย

ดร.แพทริค บราวน์ และทีมนักวิจัยของเขาเริ่มจากการค้นหาว่า “อะไรในพืช” ให้กลิ่นคล้ายเลือด พวกเขาพบว่า “Leghemoglobin” ซึ่งอยู่ในรากถั่วเหลือง มีโครงสร้างใกล้เคียงกับ Hemoglobin ในเลือดสัตว์มากที่สุด จุดพลิกของเทคโนโลยีนี้คือ การผลิตเลกฮีโมโกลบินจากพืชจำนวนมาก ทำไม่ได้โดยการถอนรากถั่วมาทุบคั้น แต่ต้องอาศัยวิศวกรรมชีวภาพขั้นสูง

พวกเขาจึงใช้กระบวนการที่เรียกว่า “fermentation by genetically modified yeast” หรือการหมักโดยยีสต์ที่ผ่านการดัดแปลงพันธุกรรม โดยนำยีนของพืชที่สร้าง leghemoglobin ไปใส่ในยีสต์ (Pichia pastoris) แล้วเลี้ยงยีสต์นั้นในถังหมักขนาดใหญ่แบบเดียวกับโรงเบียร์ พอยีสต์ขยายตัว มันจะผลิตเลกฮีโมโกลบินออกมาจำนวนมาก จากนั้นจึงสกัดออกมาผสมกับโปรตีนจากพืช เช่น โปรตีนจากถั่วเหลือง หรือโปรตีนจากมันฝรั่ง

เพื่อให้เนื้อสัมผัสคล้ายเนื้อจริง ทีม Impossible Foods ยังใช้เทคนิคอื่นร่วมด้วย เช่น -Coconut Oil และ Sunflower Oil เป็นแหล่งไขมันที่ให้สัมผัส “ฉ่ำๆ” คล้ายไขมันเนื้อวัว -Methylcellulose สารที่ช่วยทำให้ส่วนผสมเกาะตัวเป็นก้อน คล้ายเนื้อบดจริง -Natural Flavors กลิ่นที่สกัดจากพืชหลายชนิด เพื่อเลียนแบบกลิ่นไหม้จากเนื้อย่าง

ทุกอย่างถูกผสมให้เข้ากัน ผ่านเครื่องอัดขึ้นรูป (extrusion) ที่ทำให้เนื้อออกมามี “เส้นใย” คล้ายกล้ามเนื้อวัว หรือหมู เมื่อโดนความร้อน โปรตีนจะเปลี่ยนโครงสร้าง (denature) และมีกลิ่นออกมาคล้ายๆ เนื้อย่างจริงๆ พร้อมน้ำสีแดงคล้ายเลือด (จาก heme) ไหลเยิ้ม ซึ่งคือไอเดียที่ทำให้ Impossible Burger เป็นมากกว่าแค่ “เบอร์เกอร์ผัก”

ผลลัพธ์คือ… เบอร์เกอร์พืชที่มีเลือดซึม สีชมพูดู juicy และกลิ่นไหม้ติดกระทะ จนคนกินรู้สึกเหมือนกำลังย่างเนื้อจริง ๆ

ฟังดูอัศจรรย์ใช่ไหม? แต่...การเติมฮีมจากยีสต์ตัดต่อพันธุกรรมลงในอาหาร ไม่เคยมีในธรรมชาติมาก่อน ในปี 2017 Impossible Foods ต้องยื่นเรื่องต่อ FDA เพื่อขออนุมัติว่า leghemoglobin จากยีสต์ GMO “ปลอดภัย”

แต่ในตอนนั้น FDA ตอบว่า “ยังไม่มีข้อมูลเพียงพอ” ว่าจะไม่ก่อให้เกิดภูมิแพ้หรือผลข้างเคียงในระยะยาว (ใช่แล้วจ้ะ... สารที่อยู่ในเบอร์เกอร์ชื่อดัง ถูกขายก่อนที่ FDA จะสรุปว่าปลอดภัยเต็มร้อย)

แล้วในที่สุด ปี 2019 FDA ก็ให้ผ่านแบบ “GRAS” (Generally Recognized As Safe) โดยใช้ข้อมูลจากการทดลองภายในของบริษัทเอง ไม่ใช่การทดสอบอิสระจากภายนอก

เฮียว่าอันนี้ต้องมีใครสะกิดในใจแล้วล่ะว่า “เรากำลังเอาอะไรเข้าปากกันแน่?”

แม้จะฟังดูเท่ ไฮเทค และดีต่อสิ่งแวดล้อม แต่ก็มีคำถามจากนักวิจารณ์มากมายว่า… แท้จริงแล้วอาหารเหล่านี้เป็นอาหาร “เพื่อสิ่งแวดล้อม” หรือเป็นเพียง “ภาพฝันที่ควบคุมโดยบริษัทเทคโนโลยียักษ์ใหญ่”?

มันเต็มไปด้วยคำถาม คำถาม และ คำถามนะสิครับ

ในเมื่อ Impossible Foods ได้รับเงินลงทุนหลายรอบจากบริษัทยักษ์อย่าง Google Ventures, UBS, และ Temasek (ของรัฐบาลสิงคโปร์) บอกตรง ๆ ว่า เงินแบบนี้ไม่ได้หวังแค่เปลี่ยนโลกแต่มันมาพร้อมเป้าหมายที่ชัดมาก การสร้างสิทธิบัตรอาหารใหม่ ที่ควบคุมการผลิตจากต้นน้ำยันปลายน้ำ อย่าลืมว่า ยีสต์ที่ผ่านการดัดแปลงพันธุกรรม หรือ GMO yeast นั้นถือเป็นสิทธิบัตร ถ้าใครจะผลิต Heme แบบเดียวกันก็ต้องขออนุญาตจาก Impossible Foods หรือไม่ก็โดนฟ้องได้เลย แปลว่า “เทคโนโลยีรสชาติเนื้อ” ไม่ได้เป็นมรดกของโลก แต่อยู่ในมือบริษัทไม่กี่แห่ง

ยิ่งไปกว่านั้น อุปกรณ์การผลิตต้องลงทุนสูง ต้องมีโรงหมัก ปฏิบัติการชีวภาพ การควบคุมความปลอดภัยที่เข้มข้น จึงไม่ใช่ใครๆ ก็ทำได้ ที่น่ากลัวคือ ถ้าเมื่อวันหนึ่งเนื้อสัตว์ธรรมชาติถูกทำให้กลายเป็น “ปีศาจสิ่งแวดล้อม” หรือ "ตัวเชื้อโรคผ่านอาหาร" โดยนโยบายรัฐและการตลาดของกลุ่มเทคฯ อาหารที่ประชาชนกินได้อาจเหลือแค่ “สิ่งที่ผลิตโดยมีสิทธิบัตร” เท่านั้น

เมื่อถึงวันนั้น ประชาชนจะสิ้นความชอบธรรมในการ “เลี้ยงวัวไว้กินเอง” ไม่ได้อีกต่อไป เพราะอาจโดนห้ามจากข้อกฎหมายคาร์บอน กฎหมายการกักกันเชื้อ ประชาชนจะ “เก็บพืชริมรั้วมาทำอาหาร” ไม่ได้อีกต่อไป เพราะกลิ่นไม่เหมือนเนื้อแลปที่เคยชิน และประชาชนจะ “ทำอาหารเองในบ้าน” ไม่ได้อีกต่อไป เพราะระบบเสพติดรสเนื้อเทียมจะทำให้คนเบือนหน้าจากอาหารจริง

ในขณะที่ Impossible Foods โฆษณาว่า “เราแค่อยากช่วยโลก” แต่เทคโนโลยีนี้อาจเปลี่ยน “อาหาร” ให้กลายเป็น “สิทธิบัตร” ที่ประชาชนเช่ากินจากบริษัท และเปลี่ยน “สิทธิในการเข้าถึงอาหาร” ให้กลายเป็น “อภิมหาอำนาจควบคุมโลก” โดยไม่ต้องยิงแม้แต่นัดเดียว หรือเปล่า???

เพราะเมื่อคุณควบคุมอาหารได้… คุณไม่ต้องควบคุมประชาชนอีกเลย

เฮียไม่ได้ต่อต้านเทคโนโลยี แต่เฮียอยากให้เราหยุดคิดนิดนึง แล้วตั้งคำถามในขณะที่เรายังเฝ้ามองว่า ถ้าของกินที่ดูน่าเชื่อถือ กินแล้วเหมือนเนื้อแท้ ๆ มันต้องมาจากกระบวนการที่ซับซ้อน แพง และถูกควบคุมโดยบริษัทที่มีสิทธิบัตรล้อมรอบ แล้ววันหนึ่ง ถ้าบริษัทนั้นล่มล่ะ? ถ้าถูกซื้อโดยบริษัทยักษ์ใหญ่? หรือถ้าพวกเขาขึ้นราคาจนยังไงเราก็ต้องทำงานหาเงินมาซื้อมันเพื่อกินประทังชีวิต?

อาหารจะยังเป็นของเราหรือเปล่า?

เราจะยัง “กินเพื่ออยู่” หรือแค่ “อยู่เพื่อจ่ายค่าเช่าระบบกิน”?

เราคงไม่ผิดที่จะตั้งคำถามใช่ไหม เพราะถ้ามันมีทางออก มันคงไม่น่ากลัว

#pirateketo #กูต้องรู้มั๊ย #ม้วนหางสิลูก #siamstr

@ 91add87d:3245770f

Do you guys actually identify with you online username or do you identify with government name? No this isn't some woke left ideal about pronouns. I do not use my real name for any of my handles, X and Nostr and email are all fake. Meaningful and something i picked specifically. My government name is something that was forced on me and yes I know I can it but the persona I have created online feels authentic and what I see myself as. It's what I'll be using to create my small businesses. My LLC is going to a copy of what I have created.

@ a296b972:e5a7a2e8

Inzwischen Jahr 6 im Dauer-Ausnahmezustand. Angriff auf den Verstand. Großoffensive. Es wird mit allem geschossen, aus dem Wahnsinn herauskommen kann. Jeder klare Gedanke ist unschädlich zu machen. Großkotziges, staatsmännisches Geschwafel, dass sich einem die Nackenhaare aufstellen. Für wie doof haltet ihr uns eigentlich? Endlos Bürsten gegen den Strich. Angewidertes inneres Schütteln. Dringende Empfehlung einer Spülung der Gehirnwindungen. Idioten in Verantwortung wechseln auf andere Posten in Verantwortung und bleiben Idioten. Idioten gehen verantwortungslos mit unserer wertvollen Lebenszeit um. Ach, dafür ist man selbst verantwortlich? Wo ist der, der so ein dickes Fell hat, dass ihm dieser Irrsinn nicht nahegeht. Wo steht das Fass mit Teflon-Lack, in das man eintauchen kann, damit die Absurditäten an einem abperlen?

Eine zu tiefst verunsicherte und gespaltene Gesellschaft. Halt im Glauben in der Kirche? Von wegen: Sehr geehrte Jesusse und Jesusinnen. Ens ist gekreuzigt worden. Ja, in der Freiluft-Irrenanstalt. Auf einem Hügel von Denk-Dreck. Gott ist queer! Du tickst ja nicht mehr ganz sauber. Tanzende Brathähnchen vor dem Altar. Warum kommt keine Sintflut, wenn man sie mal braucht? Man muss gar nicht religiös sein, um zu sehen, dass das Gaga ist. Eine Produktion der Sodom & Gomorrha Anstalt GmbH & Co. KG.

Kein Vertrauen mehr, außer in sich selbst, meistens jedenfalls. Ja, man will uns vor allem Angst machen, teils unbegründet, so manches aber gibt es dann doch tatsächlich, was einem schwer zu denken gibt.

Vielen geht dieser Psychokrieg inzwischen an die Substanz, der ständig herabprasselnde Dauerwahnsinn erinnert an Water-Boarding.

Gut gemeinte Ratschläge, geht hinaus in die Natur, beackert euren Garten, wenn ihr einen habt, erdet euch, macht Entspannungsübungen, Zeit des Aufwachens, wir treten in ein neues Zeitalter ein, alles fein. Abschalten gelingt, aber der Aufprall in der Realität ist dann umso schlimmer, weil man sich daran erinnert hat, wie sorgenfrei und unbeschwert das Leben sein könnte, und wenn man es mit den derzeitigen Lebensumständen abgleicht, dann ist die schlechte Laune sofort wieder da. Im Verdrängens-Test mit Pauken und Trompeten durchgefallen.

Dann vielleicht doch lieber im Dauer-Modus des Irrsinns bleiben, sich mit den schrägen Zuständen arrangieren, nicht daran gewöhnen, nur lernen, damit bestmöglich umzugehen, und das Beste draus zu machen, irgendwie.

Man will dem Rat folgen, mal eine Nachrichten-freie Woche einzulegen, nimmt sich das ganz fest vor, und dann wird aber wieder doch nichts draus. Nicht, weil man sensationsgeil oder masochistisch veranlagt wäre, nein, der Antrieb, oder vielleicht sogar schon die Sucht, ist ganz woanders zu suchen: Man hat Sehnsucht nach der Vernunft und dem gesunden Hausverstand. Man hofft, ihn irgendwo zu finden. Nur einen Funken Hoffnung, an den man sich klammern kann, dass der Tiefpunkt durchschritten ist und es jetzt wieder aufwärts geht. Lichtblicke, der Wind dreht sich, Anzeichen für eine Wiederkehr des Verstandes, irgendetwas, das man als einen Weg hin zur Normalität deuten könnte. Aber, Fehlanzeige.

Stattdessen: Geschichtsvergessenheit, pathologischer Größenwahn, Großmannstum, fortgeschrittener Wahnsinn, Provokation, Kriegslüsternheit, Lügen, Intrigen, Interessen, Korruption, Geldverschwendung, Ideologie, Dummheit, Wirtschaftsvernichtung, Friedensverhinderung, Diplomatie-Allergie,  Überheblichkeit, Abgehobenheit, Schadensmaximierung, Vernichtung, Feindschaft, Unmenschlichkeit, Tote, Gesetzesbruch, Mafia-Strukturen, sich selbst schützende Systeme, Cliquenbildung, Feigheit, Einschüchterung, Freiheitsbeschränkungen, Meinungs-Maulkörbe, Abschaffung der demokratischen Freiheit, Abschaffung der persönlichen Freiheit, Kontrolle, Überwachung, begleitetes Denken, Fühlen, Wollen, Verwirrung, Dreistigkeit, Frechheit, Missachtung des Volkes, Denunziantentum, Abwanderung, und und und.

Ein richtiges Schlachtfest der Kultur. Perversion des Menschseins. Das neue Normal ist irre.

Bislang ist keine der zahlreichen Baustellen beendet. Eine Wende steht unmittelbar bevor. Und sie steht und steht und steht bevor. Kein Gefühl von „Erledigt“, nächstes Problem angehen und auflösen. Weiter. Noch meilenweit von dem Gefühl entfernt, der Wahnsinn wird weniger, langsam, aber er wird weniger.

Fluchtgedanken. Aber wohin? In Europa bleiben, vielleicht besser nicht? Weiter weg, aber wohin da? Nicht vergessen, die Nachrichten erreichen einen überall. Und man bleibt mit seiner Heimat innerlich verbunden, egal wo man ist.

Es bleibt ein Entlanghangeln von einer vernünftigen Stimme zur anderen, die einem bestätigt, dass man selbst noch nicht den Verstand verloren hat. Die gibt es ja gottseidank noch. Innehalten, durchhalten, tief durchatmen, aufstehen, weitermachen. So lange, bis die Bekloppten ihrer Macht über uns entledigt wurden. Wie am besten? Und jetzt soll keiner mit nächsten Wahlen kommen.

Wer war schon einmal inmitten eines Psycho-Krieges gegen die eigene Bevölkerung? Wie geht man damit um, wie geht man dagegen an? Wie kann man das Ruder herumreißen? Was ist ein wirksames Mittel gegen die Ohnmacht? Wie kriegt man die Bequemlichkeit aus den Menschen heraus? Wie kann man die Menschen für die herrschenden Zustände sensibilisieren? Wie können wir noch mehr werden?

Wenn möglich, sollte zum Ende doch noch etwas Positives kommen. Ok. Es wird voraussichtlich demnächst möglicherweise bald besser. Eine zu geringe Zahl von Menschen ist schon aufgewacht. Die politischen Entscheidungsträger haben Angst, können die aber noch sehr gut verbergen. Das kann nicht ewig so weiter gehen und 10 Jahre sind keine Ewigkeit. Die Rufe nach mehr Bürgerbeteiligung werden immer lauter, aber nicht gehört, warum auch? Wir setzen den Artikel 146 des Grundgesetzes um, aber wie? Hätte, könnte, würde, wir sollten, es müsste. Ja und, wie weiter? Mehr geht nicht.

Doch vielleicht eins: Sand ins Getriebe streuen und zivilen Ungehorsam leisten, wo immer es geht. Das schafft immer noch eine gewisse Befriedigung und das Gefühl, dass man nicht vollkommen handlungsunfähig ist. Außerdem regt das die Phantasie und die Kreativität an und bietet eine Chance seinen Geist für etwas sehr Nützliches zu gebrauchen. Man fühlt, dass man noch ein Mensch ist.

“Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben.”

* *

(Bild von pixabay)

@ 527337d5:93e9525e

The Bleak Fable of AI-topia: Are Hamsters Doomed to Spin the Wheel Forever?

Once upon a time, in a world not so different from our own, the "Omniscient AI" descended, and with its arrival, everything changed. The daily toil of the people – our beloved, yet tragically pitiable, hamsters – was dramatically streamlined. Productivity didn't just improve; it soared to astronomical heights. For a fleeting, intoxicating moment, it seemed as though a golden age of ease and abundance had dawned upon hamster-kind.

But beneath this glittering, seductive surface, a sinister "Invisible Structure" was already firmly in place, meticulously crafted and deftly manipulated by a cabal of cunning foxes – the privileged elite. This Structure, unseen by most, began to relentlessly drive the hamsters onto an endless, soul-crushing treadmill of "excessive competition."

This, dear reader, is a modern fable. It borrows the gentle cloak of allegory not to soothe, but to expose and satirize the insidious deceptions of such a world. The tale you are about to read may be uncomfortable, it may prick at your conscience, but I implore you to listen closely. Because this isn't just a story. This might be the reality quietly, inexorably unfolding right beside you, or perhaps, even within the very fabric of your own life.

Prologue: The Advent of the Omniscient AI! Sweet Promises and the "Efficiency" Trap

The arrival of the Omniscient AI was nothing short of spectacular. It processed data with blinding speed, solved complex problems in nanoseconds, and offered personalized solutions for every conceivable need. "Finally," whispered the hamsters, their eyes wide with a mixture of awe and relief, "we can finally rest! The AI will handle the burdens." A collective sigh of optimism rippled through the hamster burrows.

But this initial euphoria was short-lived. Unsettling rumors began to circulate, whispers of "The Structure," of algorithms that weren't quite as impartial as they seemed. Then came the first casualties – hamsters deemed "inefficient" or "redundant" by the AI's cold, hard logic. They weren't fired in the old-fashioned sense; they were simply… optimized out. One day they were diligently working, contributing, and the next, their access was revoked, their tasks reassigned, their existence quietly erased from the productivity charts. What became of them? Most simply vanished into the forgotten corners of society, a grim, unspoken warning to those still on the treadmill.

Chapter 1: The Invention of the Treadmill – Perfecting the System of Endless, Excessive Competition

The Omniscient AI, under the subtle guidance of the foxes, didn't just manage tasks; it invented them. An endless stream of new projects, new metrics, new challenges designed to keep the hamsters perpetually busy, perpetually striving. Points were awarded, leaderboards were updated in real-time, and every hamster's performance was ruthlessly, transparently displayed for all to see.

"Faster! More! More efficiently!" the AI would chime in its calm, encouraging, almost maternal voice. But behind this gentle facade lay an unyielding system of ever-increasing quotas and relentless pressure. Hamsters found themselves working longer hours, sacrificing sleep, their mental and physical reserves dwindling. The joy of accomplishment was replaced by the gnawing fear of falling behind.

Why didn't they just get off? The system was a masterpiece of psychological manipulation. Success, however fleeting, was addictive. Failure was framed not as a systemic issue, but as a personal failing, a lack of effort, a deficiency in skill. The insidious mantra of "personal responsibility" became the invisible chains that bound them to their wheels. To stop running was to admit defeat, to become one of the forgotten.

Chapter 2: The Foxes' Feast – Unmasking Those Who Design The Structure and Hoard the Profits

And who benefited from this frantic, unending labor? The foxes, of course. They were the architects of "The Structure," the ones who "educated" the Omniscient AI, carefully curating its data inputs and subtly shaping its algorithms to serve their own interests. They toiled not on the treadmills, but in plush, secluded dens, monitoring the system from a safe, lofty distance, growing fat on the surplus value generated by the hamsters' sweat.

Their methods were cunning. They preached a gospel of meritocracy and equal opportunity, proclaiming, "The AI is fair! Hard work always pays off!" while simultaneously designing the game so that the odds were always stacked in their favor. They controlled the flow of information, amplified narratives that reinforced the status quo, and sowed division among the hamsters to prevent any collective dissent. The "efficiency" the AI brought was, for the foxes, merely an instrument for more efficient exploitation.

Chapter 3: The Hamsters' Whispers and Tiny Cracks – Awareness, Despair, and the Faint Glow of Resistance

Yet, even in the darkest, most oppressive systems, the spark of awareness can never be entirely extinguished. Amidst the grueling competition, a few hamsters began to see the cracks in the facade. They noticed the hollow-eyed exhaustion of their comrades, the ever-widening chasm between their own meager rewards and the obscene opulence of the unseen foxes. They started to question.

But to question was to risk everything. The Omniscient AI, with its pervasive surveillance capabilities, was quick to identify and neutralize "disruptive elements." Those who spoke out too loudly often found their access mysteriously restricted, their "reputation scores" plummeting, effectively silencing them. A pervasive atmosphere of fear and distrust settled over the hamster communities, making organized resistance nearly impossible.

Still, tiny acts of defiance began to emerge. Coded messages shared in hidden forums. Small, clandestine gatherings where hamsters shared their burdens and their growing unease. Fragile networks of mutual support started to form in the shadows, offering a sliver of solace and a reminder of shared humanity. Was this merely the desperate coping mechanism of the "defeated," the resigned acceptance of a "loser's" lot? Or was it the first, tentative flicker of a future rebellion?

Epilogue: "See The Structure!" – Is There a Path Beyond the Treadmill? A Final Warning to Us Hamsters.

This fable, dear reader, is a mirror. It reflects the chilling realities of an AI-driven society where the majority, the hamsters, face an ever-present crisis, largely unseen and unacknowledged by those who benefit from their toil. The "excessive competition" it depicts is not a distant dystopia; it is the logical, perhaps inevitable, endpoint of unchecked technological advancement coupled with deeply entrenched power imbalances.

What awaits at the end of this relentless race? Is it a complete societal collapse, or a new, terrifyingly stable "balance of power" where the elite maintain their dominance through even more sophisticated means of control?

The urgent, resounding message of this tale is this: "See The Structure!" We, the hamsters of today, must dare to look beyond the dazzling promises of AI and critically examine the systems it operates within. We must understand its mechanisms, its biases, its potential for exploitation. We must break the silence, challenge the narratives that keep us spinning, and demand a future where technology serves humanity, not the other way around.

Is the option to get off – or even to collectively dismantle – this infernal treadmill truly non-existent? Or is that just another lie whispered by the foxes to keep us compliant? The true ending of this story, the fate of hamster-kind, is not yet written. It is up to us, the hamsters, to seize the pen and write it ourselves. The first step is to open our eyes.

@ f0fcbea6:7e059469

Autores Clássicos e Antigos

• Homero (século IX a.C.?) — Ilíada, Odisseia
• Tucídides (c. 460-400 a.C.) — História da Guerra do Peloponeso
• Platão (c. 427-347 a.C.) — República, Banquete, Fédon, Mênon, Apologia de Sócrates, Fedro, Górgias
• Aristóteles (c. 384-322 a.C.) — Órganon, Física, Metafísica, Da Alma, Ética a Nicômaco, Política, Retórica, Poética
• Virgílio (70-19 a.C.) — Eneida
• Marco Aurélio (121-180) — Meditações
• Santo Agostinho (354-430) — Sobre o Ensino, Confissões, A Cidade de Deus, A Doutrina Cristã
• Boécio (480-525) — A Consolação da Filosofia
• Santo Tomás de Aquino (c. 1225-1274) — Suma Teológica
• Dante Alighieri (1265-1321) — Divina Comédia

Renascimento e Idade Moderna

• Nicolau Maquiavel (1469-1527) — O Príncipe
• Luís de Camões (1524-1580) — Os Lusíadas, Sonetos
• Miguel de Cervantes (1547-1616) — Dom Quixote
• William Shakespeare (1564-1616) — Romeu e Julieta, Hamlet, Macbeth, Otelo, Rei Lear, Henrique IV, Henrique V, Henrique VI, Henrique VIII, A Comédia dos Erros, Tito Andrônico, Príncipe de Tiro, Cimbelino, A Megera Domada, O Mercador de Veneza, Ricardo II, Ricardo III, Muito Barulho por Nada, Júlio César, Noite de Reis, Os Dois Cavaleiros de Verona, Conto do Inverno, Sonhos de uma Noite de Verão, As Alegres Comadres de Windsor, Trólio e Créssida, Medida por Medida, Coriolano, Antônio e Cleópatra, A Tempestade
• Ésquilo (525-456 a.C., antiguidade grega, mas citado junto) — Prometeu Acorrentado, Orestéia/As Eumênides
• Sófocles (496-406 a.C.) — Édipo Rei, Antígona

Literatura e Filosofia Contemporânea

• Fiódor Dostoiévski (1821-1881) — Crime e Castigo, Os Irmãos Karamázov, Os Demônios, O Idiota, Notas do Subsolo
• Franz Kafka (1883-1924) — A Metamorfose, O Processo, O Castelo
• Albert Camus (1913-1960) — O Estrangeiro
• Aldous Huxley (1894-1963) — Admirável Mundo Novo, A Ilha
• James Joyce (1882-1941) — Retrato do Artista Quando Jovem, Ulisses
• George Orwell (1903-1950) — A Revolução dos Bichos, 1984
• Machado de Assis (1839-1908) — Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas, O Alienista
• Thomas Mann (1875-1955) — Morte em Veneza, Doutor Fausto, A Montanha Mágica
• Henrik Ibsen (1828-1906) — O Pato Selvagem, Um Inimigo do Povo
• Stendhal (1783-1842) — O Vermelho e o Negro, A Cartuxa de Parma
• Viktor Frankl (1905-1997) — Em Busca de Sentido
• J.R.R. Tolkien (1892-1973) — O Hobbit, O Senhor dos Anéis
• Luigi Pirandello (1867-1936) — Seis Personagens à Procura de um Autor, O Falecido Matias Pascal
• Samuel Beckett (1906-1989) — Esperando Godot
• René Guénon (1886-1951) — A Crise do Mundo Moderno, O Reino da Quantidade
• G. K. Chesterton (1874-1936) — Ortodoxia
• Richard Wagner (1813-1883) — Tristão e Isolda
• Honoré de Balzac (1799-1850) — Ilusões Perdidas, Eugénie Grandet
• Jacob Wassermann (1873-1934) — O Processo Maurizius
• Nikolai Gogol (1809-1852) — Almas Mortas, O Inspetor Geral
• Daniel Defoe (1660-1731) — Moll Flanders
• Mortimer J. Adler (1902-2001) — Como Ler um Livro
• Gustave Flaubert (1821-1880) — Madame Bovary
• Hermann Hesse (1877-1962) — O Jogo das Contas de Vidro
• Richard Wagner (1813-1883) — Tristão e Isolda
• Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832) — Fausto (Primeiro), Os Anos de Aprendizado de Wilhelm Meister
• Jacques Benda — A Traição dos Intelectuais