@ 07804b78:c375c543

Japanese follows. 日本語はあとで。

This article is for the 14th day of Nostr Advent Calendar 2024 (relay blogging). The article for the 13th day was "Open Sats 申請編" (Applying for Open Sats) by mono-san. The article for the 14th day will be "Nostrはじめました。" (I started Nostr) by bro-san.

Thinking of Thingstr

I've come up with an idea for Other Staff that I think is interesting (at least, for me), so I'm going to write about it. I actually wanted to show you the implementation and brag about it, but it's not solid enough to be implemented yet.

The key idea is just “add a reaction to the WikiData ID”.

WikiData

There is a service called WikiData. It is a knowledge base that provides structured data. You may be wondering what it is, but the important thing to understand here is that WikiData assigns identifiers to a fairly wide range of “objects” and “things”.

So, if you can react to this, you can think of various applications just by thinking of it for a moment, right?

For example, the anime series “There are too many losing heroines!” is assigned the ID Q123819103. The corresponding page is https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123819103 .

(NOTE: The canonical URI for entities on Wikidata is http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1142841. This is in accordance with Semantic Web conventions, and is not https, but http. Also, this URI does not necessarily match the actual address of the correspnding web page. Just an identifier. In most cases, it will redirect).

What can wd do?

For example, what about a website that records your anime viewing history? You can record what you want to watch with 👀, what you've already watched with ✅, and your favorites with ☆. You can also express your “likes” for production companies, staff, voice actors, etc. In this way, you can see what a particular user likes.

This could be a movie, a book, a comic, an author, music, an idol group, a place, or food (Someone likes pork cutlet Q1142841). The fact that you can record everything in the same framework is what makes it interesting.

What form of event should it be recorded as?

There is probably room for discussion about how to record this information in a concrete way. The simplest way would be to use NIP-25's "Reactions to a website" kind:17 (a.k.a. Makibishi). How about something like this?

json [ ["i", "wd:Q123819103", "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q123819103"], ]

Since NIP-73 has External Content IDs, it would be good if we could include WikiData here so that we could write wd:Q123819103. Actually, isbn: and other identifiers have already been defined, so it is possible to use the current NIP range to describe books (however, the authors do not have IDs. If we use WikiData as an ID, we can also describe reactions related to the author). Of course, it is not a matter of choosing one or the other, and it is also fine to add the ISBN tag at the same time as the WikiData tag for books.

Search for recorded reactions

So far, this is all very simple, but it would be inconvenient if we didn't include tags to mark subsets of reactions (for example, only those related to anime) so that we can query them together. When we try to create a site that is specialized for a certain purpose, we need to be able to extract the reactions that are necessary.

On Wikidata, the predicate wdt:P31 (instance of) is used to group together concepts that represent the same thing. For example, how about including this in the l tag? "There are too many losing heroines!" is a "Japanese television anime series (Q63952888)", so:

json [ ["i", "wd:Q1142841", "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1142841"], ["l", "wdt:P31 wd:Q63952888"] ]

UPDATE(2024-12-15): rnurachue-san suggested that #l or #L might be better for labeling (the first version used #a). I think that's a good idea, so I've updated the article. nostr:nevent1qgswamu0rsela0kwhj87p24ueapxdp04vzz7ar0pp6lfyq923t3l02cqyr9786635s60ra0f973nwv2sln2l74lqx4twdlgxfz2jgevpvsgtc9zwn6d

However, when you think about creating an anime website, you may want to query both TV anime and anime films. This makes things more complicated. "Japanese TV anime series (Q63952888)" is a subclass (subclass of; wdt:P279) of "Anime series (Q117467261)", which is in turn a subclass of "Anime (Q1107)". However, if you were to embed this hierarchy in each reaction, it would waste a lot of space. The following query will get all the superclasses of "Japanese TV anime series (Q63952888)", but there are 54 of them.

https://query.wikidata.org/#%23%20Subclass%20hierarchy%20traversal%20for%20Q63952888%0ASELECT%20%3Fitem%20%3FitemLabel%20%3Fsuperclass%20%3FsuperclassLabel%0AWHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%23%20Starting%20class%0A%20%20wd%3AQ63952888%20wdt%3AP279%2a%20%3Fsuperclass%20.%0A%20%20BIND%28wd%3AQ63952888%20AS%20%3Fitem%29%0A%20%20SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22%5BAUTO_LANGUAGE%5D%2Cen%22.%20%7D%0A%7D%0AORDER%20BY%20%3Fsuperclass%0A

So, I think it should be okay for practical purposes to embed P31s of the reaction target. In other words, if you search for "anime series Q63952888" and "anime movie Q20650540", that should be enough. Fortunately, the conditions for single-character tags work with OR, so you can query multiple tags at once. we'll have to try it to see how well it works in practice, though.

Discussion: Which kind should I use?

So far we have considered using kind:17, but we have not yet decided whether it is a good idea to mix Thingstr events with reactions to web pages.

Also, there may be a debate over whether to record regular events or addressable events, depending on the purpose of use. For example, if you want to record the transition of viewing results and impressions on an anime viewing site, you should use regular events, and if you want to maintain the viewing status, you should use addressable events.

What do you think?

Other ideas

If we can react to Nodes on OpenStreetMap using the same framework, we might be able to create something like Swarm. Since the views you want to see will differ depending on the purpose, it would be good to create various sites while having a consistent way of recording. Wouldn't that be the most Nostr-like thing?

Summary

I discussed how to use WikiData and OpenStreetMap as an ID infrastructure and realize various check-in and review services with a unified data model by using them on Nostr. Please let us know if you have any feedback. Or why not try implementing it?

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この記事は Nostr Advent Calendar 2024 の14日目の記事です。13日目の記事はmonoさんによる「Open Sats 申請編」でした。15日目の記事はbroさんによる「Nostrはじめました。」です。

Thingstrについて考えた

面白そうな（と勝手に思ってる） Other Staff のアイディアを思いついたので、書いてみます。 本当は実装を持ってきて自慢したかったのですが、まだふわっとしていて実装に落ちていません。

コアになるアイディアは「WikiData の ID に対して、Reactionをつける」これだけです。

WikiData

WikiData というサービスがあります。構造化データを提供する知識ベースです。 なにそれ？という感じですが、ここで大事なのはWikiDataはかなり広範な「もの」「こと」に識別子(Identifier)を付与している、ということです。

だから、これにリアクションできれば、ぱっと思いつくだけでもいろいろな応用ができそうじゃないですか。

例えば、アニメシリーズ「負けヒロインが多すぎる！」には Q123819103 というIDが振られています。これに対応するページとして https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123819103 があります。

（ただし、WikiData のエンティティに対する canonical な URI は http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1142841 であることには注意が必要です。セマンティックウェブの作法で https ではなく http になっています。そして、このURIは必ずしもWebページのアドレス一致しません。大抵の場合はリダイレクトされます）。

なにができるの

たとえば、アニメの視聴記録サイトはどうでしょう。👀は見たい作品、✅は視聴済み、☆はお気に入り、みたいに記録していく。制作会社、スタッフ、声優、...に対してLikeを表明したりできそうです。そうすると、あるユーザが何にLikeしているかわかります。

これが映画でもいいし、書籍、漫画、作家でもいいし、音楽でもいいし、アイドルグループでもいいし、場所でもいいし、食べ物でもいい（とんかつ Q1142841 が好き、とか）。全部同じ枠組みで記録できるのが面白そうなところです。

どういうNostrイベントで記録する？

具体的な記録の仕方には議論の余地があるでしょう。一番単純なのは、NIP-25の "Reactions to a website" kind:17 (Makibishi) を使う方法でしょうか。こんなのはどうでしょう。

json [ ["i", "wd:Q123819103", "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q123819103"], ]

NIP-73にExternal Content IDsがあるので、ここにWikiDataを入れられるようにして wd:Q123819103 と書けるとよさそうです。実は isbn: などはすでに定義されているので、書籍に関しては現行のNIPの範囲でもうまいことできます（ただ、著者にはIDが振られていません。WikiDataをIDに使うと著者に関するリアクションも記述できます）。もちろん、どちらか一方を選ぶというものでもなくて、書籍にはWikiDataのタグと当時にISBNのタグを付与しておいてもいいと思います。

記録されたリアクションを検索する

ここまではシンプルでよいのですが、リアクションの部分集合（たとえばアニメに関連するものだけ、とか）をまとめてクエリできるように、目印となるタグを入れておかないと不便です。ある目的に特化したサイトを作ろうとしたとき、必要になるリアクションが抽出できるようにしておかないといけません。

WikiData では wdt:P31 (instance of) という述語で、ある概念が何を表しているかをグルーピングしてくれています。例えばこれをlタグとかに含めておくのはどうでしょうか。

負けヒロインが多すぎる！は「日本のテレビアニメシリーズ(Q63952888)」なので、

json [ ["i", "wd:Q1142841", "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1142841"], ["l", "wdt:P31 wd:Q63952888"] ]

みたいな感じで付与します。

UPDATE(2024-12-15): rnurachueさんからラベル付けには #l または #L のほうがよいかもという提案をいただきました。最初のバージョンでは #a を使用していました。そのとおりだと思ったので更新しました。 nostr:nevent1qgswamu0rsela0kwhj87p24ueapxdp04vzz7ar0pp6lfyq923t3l02cqyr9786635s60ra0f973nwv2sln2l74lqx4twdlgxfz2jgevpvsgtc9zwn6d

ただ、アニメサイトを作ることを考えると、テレビアニメも劇場版アニメも両方クエリしたいこともありそうですよね。そうなると話が複雑になってきます。

「日本のテレビアニメシリーズ(Q63952888)」は「アニメシリーズ(Q117467261)」のサブクラス(subclass of; wdt:P279)で、それがさらに「アニメ(Q1107)」 のサブクラスになっています。ただ、この階層をいちいちリアクションに埋め込むのと大変なことになります。以下のようなクエリで「日本のテレビアニメシリーズ(Q63952888)」のすべての上位クラスが取れるのですが、54件もあります。

https://query.wikidata.org/#%23%20Subclass%20hierarchy%20traversal%20for%20Q63952888%0ASELECT%20%3Fitem%20%3FitemLabel%20%3Fsuperclass%20%3FsuperclassLabel%0AWHERE%20%7B%0A%20%20%23%20Starting%20class%0A%20%20wd%3AQ63952888%20wdt%3AP279%2a%20%3Fsuperclass%20.%0A%20%20BIND%28wd%3AQ63952888%20AS%20%3Fitem%29%0A%20%20SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22%5BAUTO_LANGUAGE%5D%2Cen%22.%20%7D%0A%7D%0AORDER%20BY%20%3Fsuperclass%0A

なので、リアクション対象のP31を埋め込む、くらいで実用上は問題ないような気がします。つまり、検索するときに 「アニメシリーズ Q63952888」と「アニメ映画 Q20650540」を対象にすれば、十分では、ということです。幸い、一文字タグの条件はORで効くので、複数を並べて一度にクエリできます。実際にどのくらいうまく行くかはやってみないとわからないですが。

議論: どの kind を使うべきか？

一旦 kind 17 を使うことを考えてきましたが、Thingstr のイベントが Web ページに対するリアクションと混ざるのが良いことなのか、いまいち判断がついていません。

また、用途によって regular event で記録するべきか、それとも addressable event で記録すべきか、という議論もありそうです。 アニメ視聴サイトを例にあげるなら、視聴実績とか感想の変遷を記録したいならば regular event でしょうし、視聴の状態を保持したいならば addressable とするのがよさそうです。

どう思いますか？

他のアイディア

これと同じ枠組みで OpenStreetMap の Node に対してリアクションできるようにすれば Swarm のようなものも実現できるかもしれません。

用途ごとに見たいビューは違うだろうから、一貫した記録の仕方を持ちつつ、色々なサイトを作ったらいいんじゃないでしょうか。それって最高にNostrっぽくないですか？

まとめ

WikiDataやOpenStreetMapをID基盤として活用し、Nostr上でreactすることで、様々なチェックインサービス、レビューサービスを統一的なデータモデルで実現する方法について議論しました。フィードバックがあったら教えてください。むしろ実装してみてください。

@ a95c6243:d345522c

Das Betriebsklima ist das einzige Klima, \ das du selbst bestimmen kannst. \ Anonym

Eine Strategie zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel hat das deutsche Bundeskabinett diese Woche beschlossen. Da «Wetterextreme wie die immer häufiger auftretenden Hitzewellen und Starkregenereignisse» oft desaströse Auswirkungen auf Mensch und Umwelt hätten, werde eine Anpassung an die Folgen des Klimawandels immer wichtiger. «Klimaanpassungsstrategie» nennt die Regierung das.

Für die «Vorsorge vor Klimafolgen» habe man nun erstmals klare Ziele und messbare Kennzahlen festgelegt. So sei der Erfolg überprüfbar, und das solle zu einer schnelleren Bewältigung der Folgen führen. Dass sich hinter dem Begriff Klimafolgen nicht Folgen des Klimas, sondern wohl «Folgen der globalen Erwärmung» verbergen, erklärt den Interessierten die Wikipedia. Dabei ist das mit der Erwärmung ja bekanntermaßen so eine Sache.

Die Zunahme schwerer Unwetterereignisse habe gezeigt, so das Ministerium, wie wichtig eine frühzeitige und effektive Warnung der Bevölkerung sei. Daher solle es eine deutliche Anhebung der Nutzerzahlen der sogenannten Nina-Warn-App geben.

Die ARD spurt wie gewohnt und setzt die Botschaft zielsicher um. Der Artikel beginnt folgendermaßen:

«Die Flut im Ahrtal war ein Schock für das ganze Land. Um künftig besser gegen Extremwetter gewappnet zu sein, hat die Bundesregierung eine neue Strategie zur Klimaanpassung beschlossen. Die Warn-App Nina spielt eine zentrale Rolle. Der Bund will die Menschen in Deutschland besser vor Extremwetter-Ereignissen warnen und dafür die Reichweite der Warn-App Nina deutlich erhöhen.»

Die Kommunen würden bei ihren «Klimaanpassungsmaßnahmen» vom Zentrum KlimaAnpassung unterstützt, schreibt das Umweltministerium. Mit dessen Aufbau wurden das Deutsche Institut für Urbanistik gGmbH, welches sich stark für Smart City-Projekte engagiert, und die Adelphi Consult GmbH beauftragt.

Adelphi beschreibt sich selbst als «Europas führender Think-and-Do-Tank und eine unabhängige Beratung für Klima, Umwelt und Entwicklung». Sie seien «global vernetzte Strateg*innen und weltverbessernde Berater*innen» und als «Vorreiter der sozial-ökologischen Transformation» sei man mit dem Deutschen Nachhaltigkeitspreis ausgezeichnet worden, welcher sich an den Zielen der Agenda 2030 orientiere.

Über die Warn-App mit dem niedlichen Namen Nina, die möglichst jeder auf seinem Smartphone installieren soll, informiert das Bundesamt für Bevölkerungsschutz und Katastrophenhilfe (BBK). Gewarnt wird nicht nur vor Extrem-Wetterereignissen, sondern zum Beispiel auch vor Waffengewalt und Angriffen, Strom- und anderen Versorgungsausfällen oder Krankheitserregern. Wenn man die Kategorie Gefahreninformation wählt, erhält man eine Dosis von ungefähr zwei Benachrichtigungen pro Woche.

Beim BBK erfahren wir auch einiges über die empfohlenen Systemeinstellungen für Nina. Der Benutzer möge zum Beispiel den Zugriff auf die Standortdaten «immer zulassen», und zwar mit aktivierter Funktion «genauen Standort verwenden». Die Datennutzung solle unbeschränkt sein, auch im Hintergrund. Außerdem sei die uneingeschränkte Akkunutzung zu aktivieren, der Energiesparmodus auszuschalten und das Stoppen der App-Aktivität bei Nichtnutzung zu unterbinden.

Dass man so dramatische Ereignisse wie damals im Ahrtal auch anders bewerten kann als Regierungen und Systemmedien, hat meine Kollegin Wiltrud Schwetje anhand der Tragödie im spanischen Valencia gezeigt. Das Stichwort «Agenda 2030» taucht dabei in einem Kontext auf, der wenig mit Nachhaltigkeitspreisen zu tun hat.

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Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Nostr is not decentralized nor censorship-resistant

Peter Todd has been saying this for a long time and all the time I've been thinking he is misunderstanding everything, but I guess a more charitable interpretation is that he is right.

Nostr today is indeed centralized.

Yesterday I published two harmless notes with the exact same content at the same time. In two minutes the notes had a noticeable difference in responses:

The top one was published to wss://nostr.wine, wss://nos.lol, wss://pyramid.fiatjaf.com. The second was published to the relay where I generally publish all my notes to, wss://pyramid.fiatjaf.com, and that is announced on my NIP-05 file and on my NIP-65 relay list.

A few minutes later I published that screenshot again in two identical notes to the same sets of relays, asking if people understood the implications. The difference in quantity of responses can still be seen today:

These results are skewed now by the fact that the two notes got rebroadcasted to multiple relays after some time, but the fundamental point remains.

What happened was that a huge lot more of people saw the first note compared to the second, and if Nostr was really censorship-resistant that shouldn't have happened at all.

Some people implied in the comments, with an air of obviousness, that publishing the note to "more relays" should have predictably resulted in more replies, which, again, shouldn't be the case if Nostr is really censorship-resistant.

What happens is that most people who engaged with the note are following me, in the sense that they have instructed their clients to fetch my notes on their behalf and present them in the UI, and clients are failing to do that despite me making it clear in multiple ways that my notes are to be found on wss://pyramid.fiatjaf.com.

If we were talking not about me, but about some public figure that was being censored by the State and got banned (or shadowbanned) by the 3 biggest public relays, the sad reality would be that the person would immediately get his reach reduced to ~10% of what they had before. This is not at all unlike what happened to dozens of personalities that were banned from the corporate social media platforms and then moved to other platforms -- how many of their original followers switched to these other platforms? Probably some small percentage close to 10%. In that sense Nostr today is similar to what we had before.

Peter Todd is right that if the way Nostr works is that you just subscribe to a small set of relays and expect to get everything from them then it tends to get very centralized very fast, and this is the reality today.

Peter Todd is wrong that Nostr is inherently centralized or that it needs a protocol change to become what it has always purported to be. He is in fact wrong today, because what is written above is not valid for all clients of today, and if we drive in the right direction we can successfully make Peter Todd be more and more wrong as time passes, instead of the contrary.

---

See also:

• Censorship-resistant relay discovery in Nostr
• A vision for content discovery and relay usage for basic social-networking in Nostr

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Censorship-resistant relay discovery in Nostr

In Nostr is not decentralized nor censorship-resistant I said Nostr is centralized. Peter Todd thinks it is centralized by design, but I disagree.

Nostr wasn't designed to be centralized. The idea was always that clients would follow people in the relays they decided to publish to, even if it was a single-user relay hosted in an island in the middle of the Pacific ocean.

But the Nostr explanations never had any guidance about how to do this, and the protocol itself never had any enforcement mechanisms for any of this (because it would be impossible).

My original idea was that clients would use some undefined combination of relay hints in reply tags and the (now defunct) kind:2 relay-recommendation events plus some form of manual action ("it looks like Bob is publishing on relay X, do you want to follow him there?") to accomplish this. With the expectation that we would have a better idea of how to properly implement all this with more experience, Branle, my first working client didn't have any of that implemented, instead it used a stupid static list of relays with read/write toggle -- although it did publish relay hints and kept track of those internally and supported kind:2 events, these things were not really useful.

Gossip was the first client to implement a truly censorship-resistant relay discovery mechanism that used NIP-05 hints (originally proposed by Mike Dilger) relay hints and kind:3 relay lists, and then with the simple insight of NIP-65 that got much better. After seeing it in more concrete terms, it became simpler to reason about it and the approach got popularized as the "gossip model", then implemented in clients like Coracle and Snort.

Today when people mention the "gossip model" (or "outbox model") they simply think about NIP-65 though. Which I think is ok, but too restrictive. I still think there is a place for the NIP-05 hints, nprofile and nevent relay hints and specially relay hints in event tags. All these mechanisms are used together in ZBD Social, for example, but I believe also in the clients listed above.

I don't think we should stop here, though. I think there are other ways, perhaps drastically different ways, to approach content propagation and relay discovery. I think manual action by users is underrated and could go a long way if presented in a nice UX (not conceived by people that think users are dumb animals), and who knows what. Reliance on third-parties, hardcoded values, social graph, and specially a mix of multiple approaches, is what Nostr needs to be censorship-resistant and what I hope to see in the future.

@ a95c6243:d345522c

Die Ungerechtigkeit ist uns nur in dem Falle angenehm,\ dass wir Vorteile aus ihr ziehen;\ in jedem andern hegt man den Wunsch,\ dass der Unschuldige in Schutz genommen werde.\ Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Politiker beteuern jederzeit, nur das Beste für die Bevölkerung zu wollen – nicht von ihr. Auch die zahlreichen unsäglichen «Corona-Maßnahmen» waren angeblich zu unserem Schutz notwendig, vor allem wegen der «besonders vulnerablen Personen». Daher mussten alle möglichen Restriktionen zwangsweise und unter Umgehung der Parlamente verordnet werden.

Inzwischen hat sich immer deutlicher herausgestellt, dass viele jener «Schutzmaßnahmen» den gegenteiligen Effekt hatten, sie haben den Menschen und den Gesellschaften enorm geschadet. Nicht nur haben die experimentellen Geninjektionen – wie erwartet – massive Nebenwirkungen, sondern Maskentragen schadet der Psyche und der Entwicklung (nicht nur unserer Kinder) und «Lockdowns und Zensur haben Menschen getötet».

Eine der wichtigsten Waffen unserer «Beschützer» ist die Spaltung der Gesellschaft. Die tiefen Gräben, die Politiker, Lobbyisten und Leitmedien praktisch weltweit ausgehoben haben, funktionieren leider nahezu in Perfektion. Von ihren persönlichen Erfahrungen als Kritikerin der Maßnahmen berichtete kürzlich eine Schweizerin im Interview mit Transition News. Sie sei schwer enttäuscht und verspüre bis heute eine Hemmschwelle und ein seltsames Unwohlsein im Umgang mit «Geimpften».

Menschen, die aufrichtig andere schützen wollten, werden von einer eindeutig politischen Justiz verfolgt, verhaftet und angeklagt. Dazu zählen viele Ärzte, darunter Heinrich Habig, Bianca Witzschel und Walter Weber. Über den aktuell laufenden Prozess gegen Dr. Weber hat Transition News mehrfach berichtet (z.B. hier und hier). Auch der Selbstschutz durch Verweigerung der Zwangs-Covid-«Impfung» bewahrt nicht vor dem Knast, wie Bundeswehrsoldaten wie Alexander Bittner erfahren mussten.

Die eigentlich Kriminellen schützen sich derweil erfolgreich selber, nämlich vor der Verantwortung. Die «Impf»-Kampagne war «das größte Verbrechen gegen die Menschheit». Trotzdem stellt man sich in den USA gerade die Frage, ob der scheidende Präsident Joe Biden nach seinem Sohn Hunter möglicherweise auch Anthony Fauci begnadigen wird – in diesem Fall sogar präventiv. Gibt es überhaupt noch einen Rest Glaubwürdigkeit, den Biden verspielen könnte?

Der Gedanke, den ehemaligen wissenschaftlichen Chefberater des US-Präsidenten und Direktor des National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) vorsorglich mit einem Schutzschild zu versehen, dürfte mit der vergangenen Präsidentschaftswahl zu tun haben. Gleich mehrere Personalentscheidungen des designierten Präsidenten Donald Trump lassen Leute wie Fauci erneut in den Fokus rücken.

Das Buch «The Real Anthony Fauci» des nominierten US-Gesundheitsministers Robert F. Kennedy Jr. erschien 2021 und dreht sich um die Machenschaften der Pharma-Lobby in der öffentlichen Gesundheit. Das Vorwort zur rumänischen Ausgabe des Buches schrieb übrigens Călin Georgescu, der Überraschungssieger der ersten Wahlrunde der aktuellen Präsidentschaftswahlen in Rumänien. Vielleicht erklärt diese Verbindung einen Teil der Panik im Wertewesten.

In Rumänien selber gab es gerade einen Paukenschlag: Das bisherige Ergebnis wurde heute durch das Verfassungsgericht annuliert und die für Sonntag angesetzte Stichwahl kurzfristig abgesagt – wegen angeblicher «aggressiver russischer Einmischung». Thomas Oysmüller merkt dazu an, damit sei jetzt in der EU das Tabu gebrochen, Wahlen zu verbieten, bevor sie etwas ändern können.

Unsere Empörung angesichts der Historie von Maßnahmen, die die Falschen beschützen und für die meisten von Nachteil sind, müsste enorm sein. Die Frage ist, was wir damit machen. Wir sollten nach vorne schauen und unsere Energie clever einsetzen. Abgesehen von der Umgehung von jeglichem «Schutz vor Desinformation und Hassrede» (sprich: Zensur) wird es unsere wichtigste Aufgabe sein, Gräben zu überwinden.

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Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.

@ ec42c765:328c0600

てすと

nostr:nevent1qqst3uqlls4yr9vys4dza2sgjle3ly37trck7jgdmtr23uuz52usjrqqqnjgr

nostr:nevent1qqsdvchy5d27zt3z05rr3q6vvmzgslslxwu0p4dfkvxwhmvxldn9djguvagp2

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Nostr: a quick introduction, attempt #1

Nostr doesn't have a material existence, it is not a website or an app. Nostr is just a description what kind of messages each computer can send to the others and vice-versa. It's a very simple thing, but the fact that such description exists allows different apps to connect to different servers automatically, without people having to talk behind the scenes or sign contracts or anything like that.

When you use a Nostr client that is what happens, your client will connect to a bunch of servers, called relays, and all these relays will speak the same "language" so your client will be able to publish notes to them all and also download notes from other people.

That's basically what Nostr is: this communication layer between the client you run on your phone or desktop computer and the relay that someone else is running on some server somewhere. There is no central authority dictating who can connect to whom or even anyone who knows for sure where each note is stored.

If you think about it, Nostr is very much like the internet itself: there are millions of websites out there, and basically anyone can run a new one, and there are websites that allow you to store and publish your stuff on them.

The added benefit of Nostr is that this unified "language" that all Nostr clients speak allow them to switch very easily and cleanly between relays. So if one relay decides to ban someone that person can switch to publishing to others relays and their audience will quickly follow them there. Likewise, it becomes much easier for relays to impose any restrictions they want on their users: no relay has to uphold a moral ground of "absolute free speech": each relay can decide to delete notes or ban users for no reason, or even only store notes from a preselected set of people and no one will be entitled to complain about that.

There are some bad things about this design: on Nostr there are no guarantees that relays will have the notes you want to read or that they will store the notes you're sending to them. We can't just assume all relays will have everything — much to the contrary, as Nostr grows more relays will exist and people will tend to publishing to a small set of all the relays, so depending on the decisions each client takes when publishing and when fetching notes, users may see a different set of replies to a note, for example, and be confused.

Another problem with the idea of publishing to multiple servers is that they may be run by all sorts of malicious people that may edit your notes. Since no one wants to see garbage published under their name, Nostr fixes that by requiring notes to have a cryptographic signature. This signature is attached to the note and verified by everybody at all times, which ensures the notes weren't tampered (if any part of the note is changed even by a single character that would cause the signature to become invalid and then the note would be dropped). The fix is perfect, except for the fact that it introduces the requirement that each user must now hold this 63-character code that starts with "nsec1", which they must not reveal to anyone. Although annoying, this requirement brings another benefit: that users can automatically have the same identity in many different contexts and even use their Nostr identity to login to non-Nostr websites easily without having to rely on any third-party.

To conclude: Nostr is like the internet (or the internet of some decades ago): a little chaotic, but very open. It is better than the internet because it is structured and actions can be automated, but, like in the internet itself, nothing is guaranteed to work at all times and users many have to do some manual work from time to time to fix things. Plus, there is the cryptographic key stuff, which is painful, but cool.

@ a95c6243:d345522c

Konsum ist Therapie.
Wolfgang Joop

Umweltbewusstes Verhalten und verantwortungsvoller Konsum zeugen durchaus von einer wünschenswerten Einstellung. Ob man deswegen allerdings einen grünen statt eines schwarzen Freitags braucht, darf getrost bezweifelt werden – zumal es sich um manipulatorische Konzepte handelt. Wie in der politischen Landschaft sind auch hier die Etiketten irgendwas zwischen nichtssagend und trügerisch.

Heute ist also wieder mal «Black Friday», falls Sie es noch nicht mitbekommen haben sollten. Eigentlich haben wir ja eher schon eine ganze «Black Week», der dann oft auch noch ein «Cyber Monday» folgt. Die Werbebranche wird nicht müde, immer neue Anlässe zu erfinden oder zu importieren, um uns zum Konsumieren zu bewegen. Und sie ist damit sehr erfolgreich.

Warum fallen wir auf derartige Werbetricks herein und kaufen im Zweifelsfall Dinge oder Mengen, die wir sicher nicht brauchen? Pure Psychologie, würde ich sagen. Rabattschilder triggern etwas in uns, was den Verstand in Stand-by versetzt. Zusätzlich beeinflussen uns alle möglichen emotionalen Reize und animieren uns zum Schnäppchenkauf.

Gedankenlosigkeit und Maßlosigkeit können besonders bei der Ernährung zu ernsten Problemen führen. Erst kürzlich hat mir ein Bekannter nach einer USA-Reise erzählt, dass es dort offenbar nicht unüblich ist, schon zum ausgiebigen Frühstück in einem Restaurant wenigstens einen Liter Cola zu trinken. Gerne auch mehr, um das Gratis-Nachfüllen des Bechers auszunutzen.

Kritik am schwarzen Freitag und dem unnötigen Konsum kommt oft von Umweltschützern. Neben Ressourcenverschwendung, hohem Energieverbrauch und wachsenden Müllbergen durch eine zunehmende Wegwerfmentalität kommt dabei in der Regel auch die «Klimakrise» auf den Tisch.

Die EU-Kommission lancierte 2015 den Begriff «Green Friday» im Kontext der überarbeiteten Rechtsvorschriften zur Kennzeichnung der Energieeffizienz von Elektrogeräten. Sie nutzte die Gelegenheit kurz vor dem damaligen schwarzen Freitag und vor der UN-Klimakonferenz COP21, bei der das Pariser Abkommen unterzeichnet werden sollte.

Heute wird ein grüner Freitag oft im Zusammenhang mit der Forderung nach «nachhaltigem Konsum» benutzt. Derweil ist die Europäische Union schon weit in ihr Geschäftsmodell des «Green New Deal» verstrickt. In ihrer Propaganda zum Klimawandel verspricht sie tatsächlich «Unterstützung der Menschen und Regionen, die von immer häufigeren Extremwetter-Ereignissen betroffen sind». Was wohl die Menschen in der Region um Valencia dazu sagen?

Ganz im Sinne des Great Reset propagierten die Vereinten Nationen seit Ende 2020 eine «grüne Erholung von Covid-19, um den Klimawandel zu verlangsamen». Der UN-Umweltbericht sah in dem Jahr einen Schwerpunkt auf dem Verbraucherverhalten. Änderungen des Konsumverhaltens des Einzelnen könnten dazu beitragen, den Klimaschutz zu stärken, hieß es dort.

Der Begriff «Schwarzer Freitag» wurde in den USA nicht erstmals für Einkäufe nach Thanksgiving verwendet – wie oft angenommen –, sondern für eine Finanzkrise. Jedoch nicht für den Börsencrash von 1929, sondern bereits für den Zusammenbruch des US-Goldmarktes im September 1869. Seitdem mussten die Menschen weltweit so einige schwarze Tage erleben.

Kürzlich sind die britischen Aufsichtsbehörden weiter von ihrer Zurückhaltung nach dem letzten großen Finanzcrash von 2008 abgerückt. Sie haben Regeln für den Bankensektor gelockert, womit sie «verantwortungsvolle Risikobereitschaft» unterstützen wollen. Man würde sicher zu schwarz sehen, wenn man hier ein grünes Wunder befürchten würde.

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Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.

@ a95c6243:d345522c

Und plötzlich weißt du:
Es ist Zeit, etwas Neues zu beginnen
und dem Zauber des Anfangs zu vertrauen.
Meister Eckhart

Schwarz, rot, gold leuchtet es im Kopf des Newsletters der deutschen Bundesregierung, der mir freitags ins Postfach flattert. Rot, gelb und grün werden daneben sicher noch lange vielzitierte Farben sein, auch wenn diese nie geleuchtet haben. Die Ampel hat sich gerade selber den Stecker gezogen – und hinterlässt einen wirtschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Trümmerhaufen.

Mit einem bemerkenswerten Timing hat die deutsche Regierungskoalition am Tag des «Comebacks» von Donald Trump in den USA endlich ihr Scheitern besiegelt. Während der eine seinen Sieg bei den Präsidentschaftswahlen feierte, erwachten die anderen jäh aus ihrer Selbsthypnose rund um Harris-Hype und Trump-Panik – mit teils erschreckenden Auswüchsen. Seit Mittwoch werden die Geschicke Deutschlands nun von einer rot-grünen Minderheitsregierung «geleitet» und man steuert auf Neuwahlen zu.

Das Kindergarten-Gehabe um zwei konkurrierende Wirtschaftsgipfel letzte Woche war bereits bezeichnend. In einem Strategiepapier gestand Finanzminister Lindner außerdem den «Absturz Deutschlands» ein und offenbarte, dass die wirtschaftlichen Probleme teilweise von der Ampel-Politik «vorsätzlich herbeigeführt» worden seien.

Lindner und weitere FDP-Minister wurden also vom Bundeskanzler entlassen. Verkehrs- und Digitalminister Wissing trat flugs aus der FDP aus; deshalb darf er nicht nur im Amt bleiben, sondern hat zusätzlich noch das Justizministerium übernommen. Und mit Jörg Kukies habe Scholz «seinen Lieblingsbock zum Obergärtner», sprich: Finanzminister befördert, meint Norbert Häring.

Es gebe keine Vertrauensbasis für die weitere Zusammenarbeit mit der FDP, hatte der Kanzler erklärt, Lindner habe zu oft sein Vertrauen gebrochen. Am 15. Januar 2025 werde er daher im Bundestag die Vertrauensfrage stellen, was ggf. den Weg für vorgezogene Neuwahlen freimachen würde.

Apropos Vertrauen: Über die Hälfte der Bundesbürger glauben, dass sie ihre Meinung nicht frei sagen können. Das ging erst kürzlich aus dem diesjährigen «Freiheitsindex» hervor, einer Studie, die die Wechselwirkung zwischen Berichterstattung der Medien und subjektivem Freiheitsempfinden der Bürger misst. «Beim Vertrauen in Staat und Medien zerreißt es uns gerade», kommentierte dies der Leiter des Schweizer Unternehmens Media Tenor, das die Untersuchung zusammen mit dem Institut für Demoskopie Allensbach durchführt.

«Die absolute Mehrheit hat absolut die Nase voll», titelte die Bild angesichts des «Ampel-Showdowns». Die Mehrheit wolle Neuwahlen und die Grünen sollten zuerst gehen, lasen wir dort.

Dass «Insolvenzminister» Robert Habeck heute seine Kandidatur für das Kanzleramt verkündet hat, kann nur als Teil der politmedialen Realitätsverweigerung verstanden werden. Wer allerdings denke, schlimmer als in Zeiten der Ampel könne es nicht mehr werden, sei reichlich optimistisch, schrieb Uwe Froschauer bei Manova. Und er kenne Friedrich Merz schlecht, der sich schon jetzt rhetorisch auf seine Rolle als oberster Feldherr Deutschlands vorbereite.

Was also tun? Der Schweizer Verein «Losdemokratie» will eine Volksinitiative lancieren, um die Bestimmung von Parlamentsmitgliedern per Los einzuführen. Das Losverfahren sorge für mehr Demokratie, denn als Alternative zum Wahlverfahren garantiere es eine breitere Beteiligung und repräsentativere Parlamente. Ob das ein Weg ist, sei dahingestellt.

In jedem Fall wird es notwendig sein, unsere Bemühungen um Freiheit und Selbstbestimmung zu verstärken. Mehr Unabhängigkeit von staatlichen und zentralen Institutionen – also die Suche nach dezentralen Lösungsansätzen – gehört dabei sicher zu den Möglichkeiten. Das gilt sowohl für jede/n Einzelne/n als auch für Entitäten wie die alternativen Medien.

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Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.

@ 3f0702fa:66db56f1

В Кургане стартовало масштабное исследование состояния здоровья жителей, проводимое учеными с использованием передовых технологий. Это исследование, наряду с рядом нововведений, демонстрирует прогресс курганской системы здравоохранения в 2040 году.

Цель исследования - изучить динамику здоровья населения, выявить факторы риска и оценить эффективность применяемых методов лечения. Используются персональные медицинские гаджеты для сбора данных, генетическое тестирование, искусственный интеллект для анализа данных и удаленный мониторинг состояния пациентов.

Помимо исследования, активно внедряются телемедицина, позволяющая получать консультации удаленно; персонализированная медицина с индивидуальными программами лечения; роботизированная хирургия для сложных операций и 3D-печать имплантов и протезов.

Результаты исследования и внедрение новых технологий позволят курганским медикам разработать более эффективные программы профилактики и лечения, а также улучшить качество медицинского обслуживания населения. Система здравоохранения Кургана в 2040 году - это пример того, как можно эффективно использовать современные технологии для улучшения здоровья и благополучия людей.

В Кургане делается все возможное для улучшения здоровья жителей, и мы будем следить за тем, как эти новые технологии будут работать на практике.

Мы продолжим следить за ходом исследований и развитием системы здравоохранения Кургана и сообщать вам о новых достижениях. Следите за нашими публикациями.

45news

Курган2040

@ 3f0702fa:66db56f1

Курган в 2040 году стал центром международной промышленности, открывая новую эру экономического роста и процветания для региона. Благодаря привлечению иностранных инвестиций, развитию инновационных производств и активному внедрению передовых технологий, курганская промышленность вышла на мировой уровень.

Ключевым изменением стало создание современных промышленных кластеров, специализирующихся на высокотехнологичных производствах в области машиностроения, электроники, биотехнологий и возобновляемой энергетики. На территории региона разместили свои производства ведущие международные компании, создавая тысячи новых рабочих мест и обеспечивая высокий уровень заработной платы.

Интеграция с глобальными производственными цепочками позволила курганским предприятиям выйти на новые рынки сбыта, а внедрение цифровых технологий оптимизировало процессы производства, сделав их более эффективными и экологичными.

Изменения коснулись и жизни курганцев: вырос уровень доходов, повысилось качество жизни, появились новые возможности для профессионального и личностного развития. Курган стал городом, привлекающим высококвалифицированных специалистов из разных регионов и стран, что способствует дальнейшему росту и процветанию региона.

Курганская промышленность в 2040 году – это символ инноваций, международного сотрудничества и процветания, открывающий новые перспективы для будущего региона.

Мы продолжим следить за развитием промышленности Кургана и сообщать вам о новых достижениях и проектах. Следите за нашими публикациями.

45news #Курган2040

@ 3f0702fa:66db56f1

На центральной площади Кургана установили цифровую проекцию говорящей головы Владимира Ленина, что вызвало неоднозначную реакцию в обществе. Инициатива, заявленная как способ почтения истории, стала поводом для оживленной дискуссии о приемлемости такого формата в современной городской среде.

Проекция, выполненная с применением современных технологий, транслирует реалистичное изображение Ленина, которое, по задумке авторов, должно напоминать жителям об исторических событиях и фигурах прошлого. Однако, не все курганцы разделяют этот подход.

Противники проекта выражают опасения, что такое изображение может восприниматься как попытка политической пропаганды и возрождения идеологий прошлого, которые многие считают неприемлемыми. Они также отмечают, что центральная площадь должна быть пространством для современного искусства и культурных событий, а не памятником прошлому.

Сторонники проекта считают, что проекция является инновационным способом сохранения исторической памяти, который несет образовательный посыл и помогает молодым поколениям узнать больше о прошлом страны. Они подчеркивают, что это всего лишь цифровая проекция, а не настоящий памятник, и что такое решение соответствует современным тенденциям в городском дизайне.

В настоящее время в городе проводятся общественные слушания, где каждый житель может высказать свое мнение по поводу проекта. Власти города, в свою очередь, заявили, что готовы прислушаться к мнению курганцев и внести коррективы в проект при необходимости.

Установка проекции говорящей головы Ленина в Кургане стала катализатором дискуссии о балансе между уважением к истории и современным культурным ценностям. Дальнейшая судьба проекта будет зависеть от результатов общественного обсуждения.

Мы продолжим следить за развитием ситуации и сообщать вам о дальнейших новостях. Следите за нашими публикациями.

https://psv4.userapi.com/s/v1/d/4pH6xLy1MCdrc0AL-T_xlsVDG-TrbX1-zUNbzHIs8xx3TV9doSNz-hFvKbrZ83k3lG7rWOp37Yv9qwGfZvC47qftoR4um-JNp4vRHGc8D3la1X1P98Ugow/e85be815-29ac-4235-89d1-14960c2afb26.mp4

45news #Курган2040

@ a95c6243:d345522c

Es ist besser, ein Licht zu entzünden, als auf die Dunkelheit zu schimpfen. Konfuzius

Die Bemühungen um Aufarbeitung der sogenannten Corona-Pandemie, um Aufklärung der Hintergründe, Benennung von Verantwortlichkeiten und das Ziehen von Konsequenzen sind durchaus nicht eingeschlafen. Das Interesse daran ist unter den gegebenen Umständen vielleicht nicht sonderlich groß, aber es ist vorhanden.

Der sächsische Landtag hat gestern die Einsetzung eines Untersuchungsausschusses zur Corona-Politik beschlossen. In einer Sondersitzung erhielt ein entsprechender Antrag der AfD-Fraktion die ausreichende Zustimmung, auch von einigen Abgeordneten des BSW.

In den Niederlanden wird Bill Gates vor Gericht erscheinen müssen. Sieben durch die Covid-«Impfstoffe» geschädigte Personen hatten Klage eingereicht. Sie werfen unter anderem Gates, Pfizer-Chef Bourla und dem niederländischen Staat vor, sie hätten gewusst, dass diese Präparate weder sicher noch wirksam sind.

Mit den mRNA-«Impfstoffen» von Pfizer/BioNTech befasst sich auch ein neues Buch. Darin werden die Erkenntnisse von Ärzten und Wissenschaftlern aus der Analyse interner Dokumente über die klinischen Studien der Covid-Injektion präsentiert. Es handelt sich um jene in den USA freigeklagten Papiere, die die Arzneimittelbehörde (Food and Drug Administration, FDA) 75 Jahre unter Verschluss halten wollte.

Ebenfalls Wissenschaftler und Ärzte, aber auch andere Experten organisieren als Verbundnetzwerk Corona-Solution kostenfreie Online-Konferenzen. Ihr Ziel ist es, «wissenschaftlich, demokratisch und friedlich» über Impfstoffe und Behandlungsprotokolle gegen SARS-CoV-2 aufzuklären und die Diskriminierung von Ungeimpften zu stoppen. Gestern fand eine weitere Konferenz statt. Ihr Thema: «Corona und modRNA: Von Toten, Lebenden und Physik lernen».

Aufgrund des Digital Services Acts (DSA) der Europäischen Union sei das Risiko groß, dass ihre Arbeit als «Fake-News» bezeichnet würde, so das Netzwerk. Staatlich unerwünschte wissenschaftliche Aufklärung müsse sich passende Kanäle zur Veröffentlichung suchen. Ihre Live-Streams seien deshalb zum Beispiel nicht auf YouTube zu finden.

Der vielfältige Einsatz für Aufklärung und Aufarbeitung wird sich nicht stummschalten lassen. Nicht einmal der Zensurmeister der EU, Deutschland, wird so etwas erreichen. Die frisch aktivierten «Trusted Flagger» dürften allerdings künftige Siege beim «Denunzianten-Wettbewerb» im Kontext des DSA zusätzlich absichern.

Wo sind die Grenzen der Meinungsfreiheit? Sicher gibt es sie. Aber die ideologische Gleichstellung von illegalen mit unerwünschten Äußerungen verfolgt offensichtlich eher das Ziel, ein derart elementares demokratisches Grundrecht möglichst weitgehend auszuhebeln. Vorwürfe wie «Hassrede», «Delegitimierung des Staates» oder «Volksverhetzung» werden heute inflationär verwendet, um Systemkritik zu unterbinden. Gegen solche Bestrebungen gilt es, sich zu wehren.

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Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.

@ c11cf5f8:4928464d

Let's hear some of your latest Bitcoin purchases, feel free to include links to the shops or merchants you bought from too.

If you missed our last thread, here are some of the items stackers recently spent their sats on.

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/810124

@ c631e267:c2b78d3e

Herzlichen Glückwunsch zum dritten Geburtstag, liebe Denk Bar! Wieso zum dritten? Das war doch 2022 und jetzt sind wir im Jahr 2024, oder? Ja, das ist schon richtig, aber bei Geburtstagen erinnere ich mich immer auch an meinen Vater, und der behauptete oft, der erste sei ja schließlich der Tag der Geburt selber und den müsse man natürlich mitzählen. Wo er recht hat, hat er nunmal recht. Konsequenterweise wird also heute dieser Blog an seinem dritten Geburtstag zwei Jahre alt.

Das ist ein Grund zum Feiern, wie ich finde. Einerseits ganz einfach, weil es dafür gar nicht genug Gründe geben kann. «Das Leben sind zwei Tage», lautet ein gängiger Ausdruck hier in Andalusien. In der Tat könnte es so sein, auch wenn wir uns im Alltag oft genug von der Routine vereinnahmen lassen.

Seit dem Start der Denk Bar vor zwei Jahren ist unglaublich viel passiert. Ebenso wie die zweieinhalb Jahre davor, und all jenes war letztlich auch der Auslöser dafür, dass ich begann, öffentlich zu schreiben. Damals notierte ich:

«Seit einigen Jahren erscheint unser öffentliches Umfeld immer fragwürdiger, widersprüchlicher und manchmal schier unglaublich - jede Menge Anlass für eigene Recherchen und Gedanken, ganz einfach mit einer Portion gesundem Menschenverstand.»

Wir erleben den sogenannten «großen Umbruch», einen globalen Coup, den skrupellose Egoisten clever eingefädelt haben und seit ein paar Jahren knallhart – aber nett verpackt – durchziehen, um buchstäblich alles nach ihrem Gusto umzukrempeln. Die Gelegenheit ist ja angeblich günstig und muss genutzt werden.

Nie hätte ich mir träumen lassen, dass ich so etwas jemals miterleben müsste. Die Bosheit, mit der ganz offensichtlich gegen die eigene Bevölkerung gearbeitet wird, war früher für mich unvorstellbar. Mein (Rest-) Vertrauen in alle möglichen Bereiche wie Politik, Wissenschaft, Justiz, Medien oder Kirche ist praktisch komplett zerstört. Einen «inneren Totalschaden» hatte ich mal für unsere Gesellschaften diagnostiziert.

Was mich vielleicht am meisten erschreckt, ist zum einen das Niveau der Gleichschaltung, das weltweit erreicht werden konnte, und zum anderen die praktisch totale Spaltung der Gesellschaft. Haben wir das tatsächlich mit uns machen lassen?? Unfassbar! Aber das Werkzeug «Angst» ist sehr mächtig und funktioniert bis heute.

Zum Glück passieren auch positive Dinge und neue Perspektiven öffnen sich. Für viele Menschen waren und sind die Entwicklungen der letzten Jahre ein Augenöffner. Sie sehen «Querdenken» als das, was es ist: eine Tugend.

Auch die immer ernsteren Zensurbemühungen sind letztlich nur ein Zeichen der Schwäche, wo Argumente fehlen. Sie werden nicht verhindern, dass wir unsere Meinung äußern, unbequeme Fragen stellen und dass die Wahrheit peu à peu ans Licht kommt. Es gibt immer Mittel und Wege, auch für uns.

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Danke, dass du diesen Weg mit mir weitergehst!

@ e1d968f7:5d90f764

Escorting is a rollercoaster of highs and lows, offering moments of deep satisfaction alongside unique challenges. No two days are the same, and the unpredictability of the work keeps it both exciting and, at times, overwhelming.

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The Highs

• Meaningful Connections: Whether it’s a heartfelt conversation or a moment of shared laughter, the bonds I build with clients can be incredibly rewarding.
• Financial Independence: The financial benefits are undeniable, giving me the freedom to live life on my terms and invest in my future.
• Variety: Each booking is different, bringing new people, experiences, and opportunities to learn and grow.
• Empowerment: There’s something uniquely empowering about owning my choices and thriving in a role that challenges traditional norms.

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The Lows

• Emotional Labour: Balancing empathy with self-protection can be draining, especially during emotionally charged bookings.
• Stigma: Facing judgment from society or individuals who misunderstand my work is a constant hurdle.
• Unpredictability: Last-minute cancellations, difficult clients, or slow periods can disrupt my plans and income.
• Loneliness: The secrecy of this profession can sometimes feel isolating, even when I have a strong personal support system.

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Finding Balance

Navigating the ups and downs requires resilience and perspective. I remind myself that every challenge comes with a lesson and every high is a moment to savour.

• Celebrating wins: Whether it’s a great client experience or achieving a personal goal, I focus on the positives.
• Leaning on self-care: Staying mentally and physically healthy helps me handle the demands of the job.
• Staying grounded: Remembering why I chose this path and the freedom it provides helps me stay motivated, even on tough days.

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The Takeaway

Escorting is a world of contrasts—intense and rewarding, challenging and liberating. Embracing both the ups and the downs has made me stronger, more self-aware, and deeply grateful for the unique path I’ve chosen.

Tomorrow, I’ll reflect on how all these experiences shape the person I’m becoming, both professionally and personally.

Rebecca x

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Pequenos problemas que o Estado cria para a sociedade e que não são sempre lembrados

- **vale-transporte**: transferir o custo com o transporte do funcionário para um terceiro o estimula a morar longe de onde trabalha, já que morar perto é normalmente mais caro e a economia com transporte é inexistente.
- **atestado médico**: o direito a faltar o trabalho com atestado médico cria a exigência desse atestado para todas as situações, substituindo o livre acordo entre patrão e empregado e sobrecarregando os médicos e postos de saúde com visitas desnecessárias de assalariados resfriados.
- **prisões**: com dinheiro mal-administrado, burocracia e péssima alocação de recursos -- problemas que empresas privadas em competição (ou mesmo sem qualquer competição) saberiam resolver muito melhor -- o Estado fica sem presídios, com os poucos existentes entupidos, muito acima de sua alocação máxima, e com isto, segundo a bizarra corrente de responsabilidades que culpa o juiz que condenou o criminoso por sua morte na cadeia, juízes deixam de condenar à prisão os bandidos, soltando-os na rua.
- **justiça**: entrar com processos é grátis e isto faz proliferar a atividade dos advogados que se dedicam a criar problemas judiciais onde não seria necessário e a entupir os tribunais, impedindo-os de fazer o que mais deveriam fazer.
- **justiça**: como a justiça só obedece às leis e ignora acordos pessoais, escritos ou não, as pessoas não fazem acordos, recorrem sempre à justiça estatal, e entopem-na de assuntos que seriam muito melhor resolvidos entre vizinhos.
- **leis civis**: as leis criadas pelos parlamentares ignoram os costumes da sociedade e são um incentivo a que as pessoas não respeitem nem criem normas sociais -- que seriam maneiras mais rápidas, baratas e satisfatórias de resolver problemas.
- **leis de trãnsito**: quanto mais leis de trânsito, mais serviço de fiscalização são delegados aos policiais, que deixam de combater crimes por isto (afinal de contas, eles não querem de fato arriscar suas vidas combatendo o crime, a fiscalização é uma excelente desculpa para se esquivarem a esta responsabilidade).
- **financiamento educacional**: é uma espécie de subsídio às faculdades privadas que faz com que se criem cursos e mais cursos que são cada vez menos recheados de algum conhecimento ou técnica útil e cada vez mais inúteis.
- **leis de tombamento**: são um incentivo a que o dono de qualquer área ou construção "histórica" destrua todo e qualquer vestígio de história que houver nele antes que as autoridades descubram, o que poderia não acontecer se ele pudesse, por exemplo, usar, mostrar e se beneficiar da história daquele local sem correr o risco de perder, de fato, a sua propriedade.
- **zoneamento urbano**: torna as cidades mais espalhadas, criando uma necessidade gigantesca de carros, ônibus e outros meios de transporte para as pessoas se locomoverem das zonas de moradia para as zonas de trabalho.
- **zoneamento urbano**: faz com que as pessoas percam horas no trânsito todos os dias, o que é, além de um desperdício, um atentado contra a sua saúde, que estaria muito melhor servida numa caminhada diária entre a casa e o trabalho.
- **zoneamento urbano**: torna ruas e as casas menos seguras criando zonas enormes, tanto de residências quanto de indústrias, onde não há movimento de gente alguma.
- **escola obrigatória + currículo escolar nacional**: emburrece todas as crianças.
- **leis contra trabalho infantil**: tira das crianças a oportunidade de aprender ofícios úteis e levar um dinheiro para ajudar a família.
- **licitações**: como não existem os critérios do mercado para decidir qual é o melhor prestador de serviço, criam-se comissões de pessoas que vão decidir coisas. isto incentiva os prestadores de serviço que estão concorrendo na licitação a tentar comprar os membros dessas comissões. isto, fora a corrupção, gera problemas reais: __(i)__ a escolha dos serviços acaba sendo a pior possível, já que a empresa prestadora que vence está claramente mais dedicada a comprar comissões do que a fazer um bom trabalho (este problema afeta tantas áreas, desde a construção de estradas até a qualidade da merenda escolar, que é impossível listar aqui); __(ii)__ o processo corruptor acaba, no longo prazo, eliminando as empresas que prestavam e deixando para competir apenas as corruptas, e a qualidade tende a piorar progressivamente.
- **cartéis**: o Estado em geral cria e depois fica refém de vários grupos de interesse. o caso dos taxistas contra o Uber é o que está na moda hoje (e o que mostra como os Estados se comportam da mesma forma no mundo todo).
- **multas**: quando algum indivíduo ou empresa comete uma fraude financeira, ou causa algum dano material involuntário, as vítimas do caso são as pessoas que sofreram o dano ou perderam dinheiro, mas o Estado tem sempre leis que prevêem multas para os responsáveis. A justiça estatal é sempre muito rígida e rápida na aplicação dessas multas, mas relapsa e vaga no que diz respeito à indenização das vítimas. O que em geral acontece é que o Estado aplica uma enorme multa ao responsável pelo mal, retirando deste os recursos que dispunha para indenizar as vítimas, e se retira do caso, deixando estas desamparadas.
- **desapropriação**: o Estado pode pegar qualquer propriedade de qualquer pessoa mediante uma indenização que é necessariamente inferior ao valor da propriedade para o seu presente dono (caso contrário ele a teria vendido voluntariamente).
- **seguro-desemprego**: se há, por exemplo, um prazo mínimo de 1 ano para o sujeito ter direito a receber seguro-desemprego, isto o incentiva a planejar ficar apenas 1 ano em cada emprego (ano este que será sucedido por um período de desemprego remunerado), matando todas as possibilidades de aprendizado ou aquisição de experiência naquela empresa específica ou ascensão hierárquica.
- **previdência**: a previdência social tem todos os defeitos de cálculo do mundo, e não importa muito ela ser uma forma horrível de poupar dinheiro, porque ela tem garantias bizarras de longevidade fornecidas pelo Estado, além de ser compulsória. Isso serve para criar no imaginário geral a idéia da __aposentadoria__, uma época mágica em que todos os dias serão finais de semana. A idéia da aposentadoria influencia o sujeito a não se preocupar em ter um emprego que faça sentido, mas sim em ter um trabalho qualquer, que o permita se aposentar.
- **regulamentação impossível**: milhares de coisas são proibidas, há regulamentações sobre os aspectos mais mínimos de cada empreendimento ou construção ou espaço. se todas essas regulamentações fossem exigidas não haveria condições de produção e todos morreriam. portanto, elas não são exigidas. porém, o Estado, ou um agente individual imbuído do poder estatal pode, se desejar, exigi-las todas de um cidadão inimigo seu. qualquer pessoa pode viver a vida inteira sem cumprir nem 10% das regulamentações estatais, mas viverá também todo esse tempo com medo de se tornar um alvo de sua exigência, num estado de terror psicológico.
- **perversão de critérios**: para muitas coisas sobre as quais a sociedade normalmente chegaria a um valor ou comportamento "razoável" espontaneamente, o Estado dita regras. estas regras muitas vezes não são obrigatórias, são mais "sugestões" ou limites, como o salário mínimo, ou as 44 horas semanais de trabalho. a sociedade, porém, passa a usar esses valores como se fossem o normal. são raras, por exemplo, as ofertas de emprego que fogem à regra das 44h semanais.
- **inflação**: subir os preços é difícil e constrangedor para as empresas, pedir aumento de salário é difícil e constrangedor para o funcionário. a inflação força as pessoas a fazer isso, mas o aumento não é automático, como alguns economistas podem pensar (enquanto alguns outros ficam muito satisfeitos de que esse processo seja demorado e difícil).
- **inflação**: a inflação destrói a capacidade das pessoas de julgar preços entre concorrentes usando a própria memória.
- **inflação**: a inflação destrói os cálculos de lucro/prejuízo das empresas e prejudica enormemente as decisões empresariais que seriam baseadas neles.
- **inflação**: a inflação redistribui a riqueza dos mais pobres e mais afastados do sistema financeiro para os mais ricos, os bancos e as megaempresas.
- **inflação**: a inflação estimula o endividamento e o consumismo.
- **lixo:** ao prover coleta e armazenamento de lixo "grátis para todos" o Estado incentiva a criação de lixo. se tivessem que pagar para que recolhessem o seu lixo, as pessoas (e conseqüentemente as empresas) se empenhariam mais em produzir coisas usando menos plástico, menos embalagens, menos sacolas.
- **leis contra crimes financeiros:** ao criar legislação para dificultar acesso ao sistema financeiro por parte de criminosos a dificuldade e os custos para acesso a esse mesmo sistema pelas pessoas de bem cresce absurdamente, levando a um percentual enorme de gente incapaz de usá-lo, para detrimento de todos -- e no final das contas os grandes criminosos ainda conseguem burlar tudo.

@ a95c6243:d345522c

Ein Lämmchen löschte an einem Bache seinen Durst. Fern von ihm, aber näher der Quelle, tat ein Wolf das gleiche. Kaum erblickte er das Lämmchen, so schrie er:

"Warum trübst du mir das Wasser, das ich trinken will?"

"Wie wäre das möglich", erwiderte schüchtern das Lämmchen, "ich stehe hier unten und du so weit oben; das Wasser fließt ja von dir zu mir; glaube mir, es kam mir nie in den Sinn, dir etwas Böses zu tun!"

"Ei, sieh doch! Du machst es gerade, wie dein Vater vor sechs Monaten; ich erinnere mich noch sehr wohl, daß auch du dabei warst, aber glücklich entkamst, als ich ihm für sein Schmähen das Fell abzog!"

"Ach, Herr!" flehte das zitternde Lämmchen, "ich bin ja erst vier Wochen alt und kannte meinen Vater gar nicht, so lange ist er schon tot; wie soll ich denn für ihn büßen."

"Du Unverschämter!" so endigt der Wolf mit erheuchelter Wut, indem er die Zähne fletschte. "Tot oder nicht tot, weiß ich doch, daß euer ganzes Geschlecht mich hasset, und dafür muß ich mich rächen."

Ohne weitere Umstände zu machen, zerriß er das Lämmchen und verschlang es.

Das Gewissen regt sich selbst bei dem größten Bösewichte; er sucht doch nach Vorwand, um dasselbe damit bei Begehung seiner Schlechtigkeiten zu beschwichtigen.

Quelle: https://eden.one/fabeln-aesop-das-lamm-und-der-wolf

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Drivechain

Understanding Drivechain requires a shift from the paradigm most bitcoiners are used to. It is not about "trustlessness" or "mathematical certainty", but game theory and incentives. (Well, Bitcoin in general is also that, but people prefer to ignore it and focus on some illusion of trustlessness provided by mathematics.)

Here we will describe the basic mechanism (simple) and incentives (complex) of "hashrate escrow" and how it enables a 2-way peg between the mainchain (Bitcoin) and various sidechains.

The full concept of "Drivechain" also involves blind merged mining (i.e., the sidechains mine themselves by publishing their block hashes to the mainchain without the miners having to run the sidechain software), but this is much easier to understand and can be accomplished either by the BIP-301 mechanism or by the Spacechains mechanism.

How does hashrate escrow work from the point of view of Bitcoin?

A new address type is created. Anything that goes in that is locked and can only be spent if all miners agree on the Withdrawal Transaction (WT^) that will spend it for 6 months. There is one of these special addresses for each sidechain.

To gather miners' agreement bitcoind keeps track of the "score" of all transactions that could possibly spend from that address. On every block mined, for each sidechain, the miner can use a portion of their coinbase to either increase the score of one WT^ by 1 while decreasing the score of all others by 1; or they can decrease the score of all WT^s by 1; or they can do nothing.

Once a transaction has gotten a score high enough, it is published and funds are effectively transferred from the sidechain to the withdrawing users.

If a timeout of 6 months passes and the score doesn't meet the threshold, that WT^ is discarded.

What does the above procedure mean?

It means that people can transfer coins from the mainchain to a sidechain by depositing to the special address. Then they can withdraw from the sidechain by making a special withdraw transaction in the sidechain.

The special transaction somehow freezes funds in the sidechain while a transaction that aggregates all withdrawals into a single mainchain WT^, which is then submitted to the mainchain miners so they can start voting on it and finally after some months it is published.

Now the crucial part: the validity of the WT^ is not verified by the Bitcoin mainchain rules, i.e., if Bob has requested a withdraw from the sidechain to his mainchain address, but someone publishes a wrong WT^ that instead takes Bob's funds and sends them to Alice's main address there is no way the mainchain will know that. What determines the "validity" of the WT^ is the miner vote score and only that. It is the job of miners to vote correctly -- and for that they may want to run the sidechain node in SPV mode so they can attest for the existence of a reference to the WT^ transaction in the sidechain blockchain (which then ensures it is ok) or do these checks by some other means.

What? 6 months to get my money back?

Yes. But no, in practice anyone who wants their money back will be able to use an atomic swap, submarine swap or other similar service to transfer funds from the sidechain to the mainchain and vice-versa. The long delayed withdraw costs would be incurred by few liquidity providers that would gain some small profit from it.

Why bother with this at all?

Drivechains solve many different problems:

It enables experimentation and new use cases for Bitcoin

Issued assets, fully private transactions, stateful blockchain contracts, turing-completeness, decentralized games, some "DeFi" aspects, prediction markets, futarchy, decentralized and yet meaningful human-readable names, big blocks with a ton of normal transactions on them, a chain optimized only for Lighting-style networks to be built on top of it.

These are some ideas that may have merit to them, but were never actually tried because they couldn't be tried with real Bitcoin or inferfacing with real bitcoins. They were either relegated to the shitcoin territory or to custodial solutions like Liquid or RSK that may have failed to gain network effect because of that.

It solves conflicts and infighting

Some people want fully private transactions in a UTXO model, others want "accounts" they can tie to their name and build reputation on top; some people want simple multisig solutions, others want complex code that reads a ton of variables; some people want to put all the transactions on a global chain in batches every 10 minutes, others want off-chain instant transactions backed by funds previously locked in channels; some want to spend, others want to just hold; some want to use blockchain technology to solve all the problems in the world, others just want to solve money.

With Drivechain-based sidechains all these groups can be happy simultaneously and don't fight. Meanwhile they will all be using the same money and contributing to each other's ecosystem even unwillingly, it's also easy and free for them to change their group affiliation later, which reduces cognitive dissonance.

It solves "scaling"

Multiple chains like the ones described above would certainly do a lot to accomodate many more transactions that the current Bitcoin chain can. One could have special Lightning Network chains, but even just big block chains or big-block-mimblewimble chains or whatnot could probably do a good job. Or even something less cool like 200 independent chains just like Bitcoin is today, no extra features (and you can call it "sharding"), just that would already multiply the current total capacity by 200.

Use your imagination.

It solves the blockchain security budget issue

The calculation is simple: you imagine what security budget is reasonable for each block in a world without block subsidy and divide that for the amount of bytes you can fit in a single block: that is the price to be paid in satoshis per byte. In reasonable estimative, the price necessary for every Bitcoin transaction goes to very large amounts, such that not only any day-to-day transaction has insanely prohibitive costs, but also Lightning channel opens and closes are impracticable.

So without a solution like Drivechain you'll be left with only one alternative: pushing Bitcoin usage to trusted services like Liquid and RSK or custodial Lightning wallets. With Drivechain, though, there could be thousands of transactions happening in sidechains and being all aggregated into a sidechain block that would then pay a very large fee to be published (via blind merged mining) to the mainchain. Bitcoin security guaranteed.

It keeps Bitcoin decentralized

Once we have sidechains to accomodate the normal transactions, the mainchain functionality can be reduced to be only a "hub" for the sidechains' comings and goings, and then the maximum block size for the mainchain can be reduced to, say, 100kb, which would make running a full node very very easy.

Can miners steal?

Yes. If a group of coordinated miners are able to secure the majority of the hashpower and keep their coordination for 6 months, they can publish a WT^ that takes the money from the sidechains and pays to themselves.

Will miners steal?

No, because the incentives are such that they won't.

Although it may look at first that stealing is an obvious strategy for miners as it is free money, there are many costs involved:

1. The cost of ceasing blind-merged mining returns -- as stealing will kill a sidechain, all the fees from it that miners would be expected to earn for the next years are gone;
2. The cost of Bitcoin price going down: If a steal is successful that will mean Drivechains are not safe, therefore Bitcoin is less useful, and miner credibility will also be hurt, which are likely to cause the Bitcoin price to go down, which in turn may kill the miners' businesses and savings;
3. The cost of coordination -- assuming miners are just normal businesses, they just want to do their work and get paid, but stealing from a Drivechain will require coordination with other miners to conduct an immoral act in a way that has many pitfalls and is likely to be broken over the months;
4. The cost of miners leaving your mining pool: when we talked about "miners" above we were actually talking about mining pools operators, so they must also consider the risk of miners migrating from their mining pool to others as they begin the process of stealing;
5. The cost of community goodwill -- when participating in a steal operation, a miner will suffer a ton of backlash from the community. Even if the attempt fails at the end, the fact that it was attempted will contribute to growing concerns over exaggerated miners power over the Bitcoin ecosystem, which may end up causing the community to agree on a hard-fork to change the mining algorithm in the future, or to do something to increase participation of more entities in the mining process (such as development or cheapment of new ASICs), which have a chance of decreasing the profits of current miners.

Another point to take in consideration is that one may be inclined to think a newly-created sidechain or a sidechain with relatively low usage may be more easily stolen from, since the blind merged mining returns from it (point 1 above) are going to be small -- but the fact is also that a sidechain with small usage will also have less money to be stolen from, and since the other costs besides 1 are less elastic at the end it will not be worth stealing from these too.

All of the above consideration are valid only if miners are stealing from good sidechains. If there is a sidechain that is doing things wrong, scamming people, not being used at all, or is full of bugs, for example, that will be perceived as a bad sidechain, and then miners can and will safely steal from it and kill it, which will be perceived as a good thing by everybody.

What do we do if miners steal?

Paul Sztorc has suggested in the past that a user-activated soft-fork could prevent miners from stealing, i.e., most Bitcoin users and nodes issue a rule similar to this one to invalidate the inclusion of a faulty WT^ and thus cause any miner that includes it in a block to be relegated to their own Bitcoin fork that other nodes won't accept.

This suggestion has made people think Drivechain is a sidechain solution backed by user-actived soft-forks for safety, which is very far from the truth. Drivechains must not and will not rely on this kind of soft-fork, although they are possible, as the coordination costs are too high and no one should ever expect these things to happen.

If even with all the incentives against them (see above) miners do still steal from a good sidechain that will mean the failure of the Drivechain experiment. It will very likely also mean the failure of the Bitcoin experiment too, as it will be proven that miners can coordinate to act maliciously over a prolonged period of time regardless of economic and social incentives, meaning they are probably in it just for attacking Bitcoin, backed by nation-states or something else, and therefore no Bitcoin transaction in the mainchain is to be expected to be safe ever again.

Why use this and not a full-blown trustless and open sidechain technology?

Because it is impossible.

If you ever heard someone saying "just use a sidechain", "do this in a sidechain" or anything like that, be aware that these people are either talking about "federated" sidechains (i.e., funds are kept in custody by a group of entities) or they are talking about Drivechain, or they are disillusioned and think it is possible to do sidechains in any other manner.

No, I mean a trustless 2-way peg with correctness of the withdrawals verified by the Bitcoin protocol!

That is not possible unless Bitcoin verifies all transactions that happen in all the sidechains, which would be akin to drastically increasing the blocksize and expanding the Bitcoin rules in tons of ways, i.e., a terrible idea that no one wants.

What about the Blockstream sidechains whitepaper?

Yes, that was a way to do it. The Drivechain hashrate escrow is a conceptually simpler way to achieve the same thing with improved incentives, less junk in the chain, more safety.

Isn't the hashrate escrow a very complex soft-fork?

Yes, but it is much simpler than SegWit. And, unlike SegWit, it doesn't force anything on users, i.e., it isn't a mandatory blocksize increase.

Why should we expect miners to care enough to participate in the voting mechanism?

Because it's in their own self-interest to do it, and it costs very little. Today over half of the miners mine RSK. It's not blind merged mining, it's a very convoluted process that requires them to run a RSK full node. For the Drivechain sidechains, an SPV node would be enough, or maybe just getting data from a block explorer API, so much much simpler.

What if I still don't like Drivechain even after reading this?

That is the entire point! You don't have to like it or use it as long as you're fine with other people using it. The hashrate escrow special addresses will not impact you at all, validation cost is minimal, and you get the benefit of people who want to use Drivechain migrating to their own sidechains and freeing up space for you in the mainchain. See also the point above about infighting.

See also

• Podcast episode with Ruben Somsen and Aaron van Wirdum explaining Drivechain
• Alternatives to Drivechain
• Drivechain comparison with Ethereum

@ 3f0702fa:66db56f1

Курган в 2040 году закрепил за собой статус ведущего образовательного центра не только в регионе, но и по всей России. Благодаря внедрению инновационных методик, развитию современной инфраструктуры и фокусу на индивидуальное развитие каждого студента, курганское образование стало образцом для всей страны.

Ранее, Курган был известен как промышленный регион, но сегодня ситуация изменилась. Теперь город лидирует в сфере образования, предлагая уникальные возможности для студентов со всей страны.

Ключевыми нововведениями стали персонализированное обучение, когда интеллектуальные системы анализа данных создают индивидуальные траектории для каждого студента. Учебный процесс обогащен интерактивными образовательными платформами, с использованием VR/AR-технологий и геймификации. Курганские вузы и школы активно сотрудничают с ведущими образовательными учреждениями России и мира, а студенты имеют возможность проходить стажировки на ведущих предприятиях.

Эти нововведения коренным образом изменили учебный процесс: студенты стали более мотивированными и вовлеченными, уровень усвоения материала значительно повысился, а выпускники курганских вузов востребованы на рынке труда.

Курган стал местом притяжения для талантливых студентов со всей России, а курганская образовательная система – образцом для подражания, демонстрируя, как можно создать эффективную и современную систему образования, формирующую будущее страны.

Курган в 2040 году - это не только центр промышленности, но и признанный лидер в сфере образования. Город продолжает развиваться, предоставляя новые возможности для своих студентов.

Мы продолжим следить за развитием образовательной сферы в Кургане и сообщать вам о новых достижениях. Следите за нашими публикациями.

45news #Курган2040

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

bitcoind decentralization

It is better to have multiple curator teams, with different vetting processes and release schedules for bitcoind than a single one.

"More eyes on code", "Contribute to Core", "Everybody should audit the code".

All these points repeated again and again fell to Earth on the day it was discovered that Bitcoin Core developers merged a variable name change from "blacklist" to "blocklist" without even discussing or acknowledging the fact that that innocent pull request opened by a sybil account was a social attack.

After a big lot of people manifested their dissatisfaction with that event on Twitter and on GitHub, most Core developers simply ignored everybody's concerns or even personally attacked people who were complaining.

The event has shown that:

1) Bitcoin Core ultimately rests on the hands of a couple maintainers and they decide what goes on the GitHub repository[^pr-merged-very-quickly] and the binary releases that will be downloaded by thousands; 2) Bitcoin Core is susceptible to social attacks; 2) "More eyes on code" don't matter, as these extra eyes can be ignored and dismissed.

Solution: bitcoind decentralization

If usage was spread across 10 different bitcoind flavors, the network would be much more resistant to social attacks to a single team.

This has nothing to do with the question on if it is better to have multiple different Bitcoin node implementations or not, because here we're basically talking about the same software.

Multiple teams, each with their own release process, their own logo, some subtle changes, or perhaps no changes at all, just a different name for their bitcoind flavor, and that's it.

Every day or week or month or year, each flavor merges all changes from Bitcoin Core on their own fork. If there's anything suspicious or too leftist (or perhaps too rightist, in case there's a leftist bitcoind flavor), maybe they will spot it and not merge.

This way we keep the best of both worlds: all software development, bugfixes, improvements goes on Bitcoin Core, other flavors just copy. If there's some non-consensus change whose efficacy is debatable, one of the flavors will merge on their fork and test, and later others -- including Core -- can copy that too. Plus, we get resistant to attacks: in case there is an attack on Bitcoin Core, only 10% of the network would be compromised. the other flavors would be safe.

Run Bitcoin Knots

The first example of a bitcoind software that follows Bitcoin Core closely, adds some small changes, but has an independent vetting and release process is Bitcoin Knots, maintained by the incorruptible Luke DashJr.

Next time you decide to run bitcoind, run Bitcoin Knots instead and contribute to bitcoind decentralization!

---

See also:

• How to attack Bitcoin, Anthony Towns' take

[^pr-merged-very-quickly]: See PR 20624, for example, a very complicated change that could be introducing bugs or be a deliberate attack, merged in 3 days without time for discussion.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Token-Curated Registries

So you want to build a TCR?

TCRs (Token Curated Registries) are a construct for maintaining registries on Ethereum. Imagine you have lots of scissor brands and you want a list with only the good scissors. You want to make sure only the good scissors make into that list and not the bad scissors. For that, people will tell you, you can just create a TCR of the best scissors!

It works like this: some people have the token, let's call it Scissor Token. Some other person, let's say it's a scissor manufacturer, wants to put his scissor on the list, this guy must acquire some Scissor Tokens and "stake" it. Holders of the Scissor Tokens are allowed to vote on "yes" or "no". If "no", the manufactures loses his tokens to the holders, if "yes" then its tokens are kept in deposit, but his scissor brand gets accepted into the registry.

Such a simple process, they say, have strong incentives for being the best possible way of curating a registry of scissors: consumers have the incentive to consult the list because of its high quality; manufacturers have the incentive to buy tokens and apply to join the list because the list is so well-curated and consumers always consult it; token holders want the registry to accept good and reject bad scissors because that good decisions will make the list good for consumers and thus their tokens more valuable, bad decisions will do the contrary. It doesn't make sense, to reject everybody just to grab their tokens, because that would create an incentive against people trying to enter the list.

Amazing! How come such a simple system of voting has such enourmous features? Now we can have lists of everything so well-curated, and for that we just need Ethereum tokens!

Now let's imagine a different proposal, of my own creation: SPCR, Single-person curated registries.

Single-person Curated Registries are equal to TCR, except they don't use Ethereum tokens, it's just a list in a text file kept by a single person. People can apply to join, and they will have to give the single person some amount of money, the single person can reject or accept the proposal and so on.

Now let's look at the incentives of SPCR: people will want to consult the registry because it is so well curated; vendors will want to enter the registry because people are consulting it; the single person will want to accept the good and reject the bad applicants because these good decisions are what will make the list valuable.

Amazing! How such a single proposal has such enourmous features! SPCR are going to take over the internet!

What TCR enthusiasts get wrong?

TCR people think they can just list a set of incentives for something to work and assume that something will work. Mix that with Ethereum hype and they think theyve found something unique and revolutionary, while in fact they're just making a poor implementation of "democracy" systems that fail almost everywhere.

The life is not about listing a set of "incentives" and then considering the problems solved. Almost everybody on the Earth has the incentive for being rich: being rich has a lot of advantages over being poor, however not all people get rich! Why are the incentives failing?

Curating lists is a hard problem, it involves a lot of knowledge about the problem that just holding a token won't give you, it involves personal preferences, politics, it involves knowing where is the real limit between "good" and "bad". The Single Person list may have a good result if the single person doing the curation is knowledgeable and honest (yes, you can game the system to accept your uncle's scissors and not their competitor that is much better, for example, without losing the entire list reputation), same thing for TCRs, but it can also fail miserably, and it can appear to be good but be in fact not so good. In all cases, the list entries will reflect the preferences of people choosing and other things that aren't taken into the incentives equation of TCR enthusiasts.

We don't need lists

The most important point to be made, although unrelated to the incentive story, is that we don't need lists. Imagine you're looking for a scissor. You don't want someone to tell if scissor A or B are "good" or "bad", or if A is "better" than B. You want to know if, for your specific situation, or for a class of situations, A will serve well, and do that considering A's price and if A is being sold near you and all that.

Scissors are the worst example ever to make this point, but I hope you get it. If you don't, try imagining the same example with schools, doctors, plumbers, food, whatever.

Recommendation systems are badly needed in our world, and TCRs don't solve these at all.

@ 13bb2eae:bb084375

![nostr:npub1zwajatkhq26rhtmmeqwnpnv98ls6j62v87pa5sdt2ddhewcggd6slnursu the Soul of Independent Music with Angels Junk**

https://wavlake.com/angels-junk

Angels Junk, the vibrant rock band hailing from Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, is making waves in the independent music scene with their raw energy, profound authenticity, and a sound that defies conventional boundaries. Their latest release on Wavlake reflects their unwavering commitment to artistic freedom and musical exploration.

A Glimpse into the Band’s Journey

Rooted in the DIY ethos, Angels Junk embodies the essence of independent artistry. Their creative process, as captured in the project Memorias de Digital Dust, provides a rare and intimate look into the highs and lows of being an indie musician. Through a series of audio recordings and reflective monologues, the band shares the challenges of songwriting, recording, and navigating the music industry without compromising their vision.

One of the standout messages from Memorias de Digital Dust is the emphasis on the foundational aspects of music. As the band’s frontman passionately states: “The sound plays a big role, but if you don’t have the musical framework first, the sound alone won’t carry you.” This philosophy drives their music—prioritizing substance over superficiality.

Breaking Genre Boundaries

Angels Junk refuses to be confined by labels. They reject the notion of placing music into rigid categories, championing instead an approach that celebrates creativity in its purest form. “Music should never be put into boxes. Never,” echoes as a defining mantra for the band. This ethos is reflected in their sound, which blends the grit of classic rock with modern experimental undertones, creating a sonic landscape that is as dynamic as it is relatable.

Crafting "Digital Dust"

The metaphor of "Digital Dust" encapsulates the fleeting nature of musical ideas in today’s fast-paced world. Angels Junk’s new album delves into themes of impermanence, self-discovery, and the intrinsic value of creating art for its own sake. From discussions on the intricacies of drum recording to reflections on the therapeutic power of music, the album is a candid diary of the band’s journey.

For Angels Junk, authenticity is non-negotiable. They challenge industry norms, resisting overproduction and excessive compression in favor of dynamic, heartfelt recordings that allow their instruments and emotions to breathe.

More Than Music

Angels Junk’s work extends beyond melodies and lyrics. It is a declaration of independence, a celebration of individuality, and a call to embrace imperfection. They invite their listeners to join them in redefining what it means to be a musician in the modern age. As they put it: “Music has been my companion throughout life, helping me through tough times and reminding me why I create in the first place.”

Explore Their Work

Whether you’re a long-time fan or new to the Angels Junk experience, their latest album on Wavlake offers a chance to delve into their world and uncover the raw, unfiltered stories behind each track. And if you’re in La Isleta, their live performances promise an opportunity to witness their energy and passion firsthand.

Follow Angels Junk on their website Angels Junk Music and across social media to stay updated on upcoming releases, gigs, and behind-the-scenes content. With their music, Angels Junk reminds us all of the beauty in imperfection and the power of staying true to oneself.

@ e3ba5e1a:5e433365

The world we live in today is inflationary. Through the constant increase in the money supply by governments around the world, the purchasing power of any dollars (or other government money) sitting in your wallet or bank account will go down over time. To simplify massively, this leaves people with three choices:

1. Keep your money in fiat currencies and earn a bit of interest. You’ll still lose purchasing power over time, because inflation virtually always beats interest, but you’ll lose it more slowly.
2. Try to beat inflation by investing in the stock market and other risk-on investments.
3. Recognize that the game is slanted against you, don’t bother saving or investing, and spend all your money today.

(Side note: if you’re reading this and screaming at your screen that there’s a much better option than any of these, I’ll get there, don’t worry.)

High living and melting ice cubes

Option 3 is what we’d call “high time preference.” It means you value the consumption you can have today over the potential savings for the future. In an inflationary environment, this is unfortunately a very logical stance to take. Your money is worth more today than it will ever be later. May as well live it up while you can. Or as Milton Friedman put it, engage in high living.

But let’s ignore that option for the moment, and pursue some kind of low time preference approach. Despite the downsides, we want to hold onto our wealth for the future. The first option, saving in fiat, would work with things like checking accounts, savings accounts, Certificates of Deposit (CDs), government bonds, and perhaps corporate bonds from highly rated companies. There’s little to no risk in those of losing your original balance or the interest (thanks to FDIC protection, a horrible concept I may dive into another time). And the downside is also well understood: you’re still going to lose wealth over time.

Or, to quote James from InvestAnswers, you can hold onto some melting ice cubes. But with sufficient interest, they’ll melt a little bit slower.

The investment option

With that option sitting on the table, many people end up falling into the investment bucket. If they’re more risk-averse, it will probably be a blend of both risk-on stock investment and risk-off fiat investment. But ultimately, they’re left with some amount of money that they want to put into a risk-on investment. The only reason they’re doing that is on the hopes that between price movements and dividends, the value of their investment will grow faster than anything else they can choose.

You may be bothered by my phrasing. “The only reason.” Of course that’s the only reason! We only put money into investments in order to make more money. What other possible reason exists?

Well, the answer is that while we invest in order to make money, that’s not the only reason. That would be like saying I started a tech consulting company to make money. Yes, that’s a true reason. But the purpose of the company is to meet a need in the market: providing consulting services. Like every economic activity, starting a company has a dual purpose: making a profit, but by providing actual value.

So what actual value is generated for the world when I choose to invest in a stock? Let’s rewind to real investment, and then we’ll see how modern investment differs.

Michael (Midas) Mulligan

Let’s talk about a fictional character, Michael Mulligan, aka Midas. In Atlas Shrugged, he’s the greatest banker in the country. He created a small fortune for himself. Then, using that money, he very selectively invested in the most promising ventures. He put his own wealth on the line because he believed each of those ventures had a high likelihood to succeed.

He wasn’t some idiot who jumps on his CNBC show to spout nonsense about which stocks will go up and down. He wasn’t a venture capitalist who took money from others and put it into the highest-volatility companies hoping that one of them would 100x and cover the massive losses on the others. He wasn’t a hedge fund manager who bets everything on financial instruments so complex he can’t understand them, knowing that if it crumbles, the US government will bail him out.

And he wasn’t a normal person sitting in his house, staring at candlestick charts, hoping he can outsmart every other person staring at those same charts by buying in and selling out before everyone else.

No. Midas Mulligan represented the true gift, skill, art, and value of real investment. In the story, we find out that he was the investor who got Hank Rearden off the ground. Hank Rearden uses that investment to start a steel empire that drives the country, and ultimately that powers his ability to invest huge amounts of his new wealth into research into an even better metal that has the promise to reshape the world.

That’s what investment is. And that’s why investment has such a high reward associated with it. It’s a massive gamble that may produce untold value for society. The effort necessary to determine the right investments is high. It’s only right that Midas Mulligan be well compensated for his work. And by compensating him well, he’ll have even more money in the future to invest in future projects, creating a positive feedback cycle of innovation and improvements.

Michael (Crappy Investor) Snoyman

I am not Midas Mulligan. I don’t have the gift to choose the winners in newly emerging markets. I can’t sit down with entrepreneurs and guide them to the best way to make their ideas thrive. And I certainly don’t have the money available to make such massive investments, much less the psychological profile to handle taking huge risks with my money like that.

I’m a low time preference individual by my upbringing, plus I am very risk-averse. I spent most of my adult life putting money into either the house I live in or into risk-off assets. I discuss this background more in a blog post on my current investment patterns. During the COVID-19 money printing, I got spooked about this, realizing that the melting ice cubes were melting far faster than I had ever anticipated. It shocked me out of my risk-averse nature, realizing that if I didn’t take a more risky stance with my money, ultimately I’d lose it all.

So like so many others, I diversified. I put money into stock indices. I realized the stock market was risky, so I diversified further. I put money into various cryptocurrencies too. I learned to read candlestick charts. I made some money. I felt pretty good.

I started feeling more confident overall, and started trying to predict the market. I fixated on this. I was nervous all the time, because my entire wealth was on the line constantly.

And it gets even worse. In economics, we have the concept of an opportunity cost. If I invest in company ABC and it goes up 35% in a month, I’m a genius investor, right? Well, if company DEF went up 40% that month, I can just as easily kick myself for losing out on the better opportunity. In other words, once you’re in this system, it’s a constant rat race to keep finding the best possible returns, not simply being happy with keeping your purchasing power.

Was I making the world a better place? No, not at all. I was just another poor soul trying to do a better job of entering and exiting a trade than the next guy. It was little more than riding a casino.

And yes, I ultimately lost a massive amount of money through this.

Normal people shouldn’t invest

Which brings me to the title of this post. I don’t believe normal people should be subjected to this kind of investment. It’s an extra skill to learn. It’s extra life stress. It’s extra risk. And it doesn’t improve the world. You’re being rewarded—if you succeed at all—simply for guessing better than others.

(Someone out there will probably argue efficient markets and that having everyone trading stocks like this does in fact add some efficiencies to capital allocation. I’ll give you a grudging nod of agreement that this is somewhat true, but not sufficiently enough to justify the returns people anticipate from making “good” gambles.)

The only reason most people ever consider this is because they feel forced into it, otherwise they’ll simply be sitting on their melting ice cubes. But once they get into the game, between risk, stress, and time investment, they’re lives will often get worse.

One solution is to not be greedy. Invest in stock market indices, don’t pay attention to day-to-day price, and assume that the stock market will continue to go up over time, hopefully beating inflation. And if that’s the approach you’re taking, I can honestly say I think you’re doing better than most. But it’s not the solution I’ve landed on.

Option 4: deflation

The problem with all of our options is that they are built in a broken world. The fiat/inflationary world is a rigged game. You’re trying to walk up an escalator that’s going down. If you try hard enough, you’ll make progress. But the system is against you. This is inherent to the design. The inflation in our system is so that central planners have the undeserved ability to appropriate productive capacity in the economy to do whatever they want with it. They can use it to fund government welfare programs, perform scientific research, pay off their buddies, and fight wars. Whatever they want.

If you take away their ability to print money, your purchasing power will not go down over time. In fact, the opposite will happen. More people will produce more goods. Innovators will create technological breakthroughs that will create better, cheaper products. Your same amount of money will buy more in the future, not less. A low time preference individual will be rewarded. By setting aside money today, you’re allowing productive capacity today to be invested into building a stronger engine for tomorrow. And you’ll be rewarded by being able to claim a portion of that larger productive pie.

And to reiterate: in today’s inflationary world, if you defer consumption and let production build a better economy, you are punished with reduced purchasing power.

So after burying the lead so much, my option 4 is simple: Bitcoin. It’s not an act of greed, trying to grab the most quickly appreciating asset. It’s about putting my money into a system that properly rewards low time preference and saving. It’s admitting that I have no true skill or gift to the world through my investment capabilities. It’s recognizing that I care more about destressing my life and focusing on things I’m actually good at than trying to optimize an investment portfolio.

Can Bitcoin go to 0? Certainly, though year by year that likelihood is becoming far less likely. Can Bitcoin have major crashes in its price? Absolutely, but I’m saving for the long haul, not for a quick buck.

I’m hoping for a world where deflation takes over. Where normal people don’t need to add yet another stress and risk to their life, and saving money is the most natural, safest, and highest-reward activity we can all do.

Further reading

• Buying Bitcoin or selling dollars? (my own blog post)
• My Path to Bitcoin (also my own blog post)
• The Bullish Case for Bitcoin (great explanation of the monetization of Bitcoin)

@ 3f0702fa:66db56f1

Образовательная система Кургана в 2040 году пережила масштабную трансформацию, предлагая студентам комфортные условия обучения, мощную поддержку одаренных учеников и передовые технологии, что подтверждается высокими достижениями курганских учащихся.

Ключевым изменением стало внедрение персонализированных образовательных траекторий, разработанных на основе анализа интересов и способностей каждого ученика. Учебные заведения оснащены интерактивными классами, лабораториями с VR/AR-оборудованием и современными коворкинг-зонами, создающими комфортную среду для обучения и творчества.

Особое внимание уделяется поддержке одаренных учеников, для которых разработаны специальные программы и гранты на участие в научных исследованиях и международных конкурсах. Развитая система наставничества позволяет молодым талантам раскрыть свой потенциал и реализовать самые амбициозные проекты.

Результаты обучения говорят сами за себя: курганские студенты занимают лидирующие позиции на национальных и международных олимпиадах, а выпускники востребованы в лучших компаниях страны и мира.

Курганская образовательная система стала примером для других регионов, демонстрируя, как можно сочетать современные технологии с индивидуальным подходом к обучению для формирования будущей интеллектуальной элиты.

Мы продолжим следить за достижениями курганских студентов и педагогов и рассказывать вам о новых инициативах в сфере образования. Следите за нашими публикациями.

45news

Курган2040

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

idea: "numbeo" with satoshis

This site has a crowdsourced database of cost-of-living in many countries and cities: https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/ and it sells the data people write there freely. It's wrong!

Could be an fruitful idea to pay satoshis for people to provide data.

@ 3f0702fa:66db56f1

Курганцы сегодня получили в распоряжение полностью обновленную систему общественного транспорта, знаменующую собой новую эру в передвижении по городу. В результате масштабной модернизации на улицы вышли современные беспилотные электробусы и аэротакси.

Теперь привычные маршруты общественного транспорта обслуживают комфортабельные беспилотные электробусы с увеличенной вместимостью, оборудованные Wi-Fi, USB-портами и климат-контролем. Маршруты оптимизированы на основе анализа трафика в режиме реального времени, что обеспечивает быструю и удобную перевозку пассажиров.

Кроме того, для быстрого перемещения по городу и пригородам стали доступны аэротакси – компактные беспилотные летательные аппараты, способные доставлять пассажиров в любую точку города за считанные минуты. Заказ такси осуществляется через удобное мобильное приложение.

Обновление общественного транспорта снизило нагрузку на дороги, повысило комфорт и безопасность пассажиров и значительно уменьшило негативное воздействие на окружающую среду.

Мы продолжим следить за развитием транспортной инфраструктуры Кургана и сообщать вам о новых изменениях. Следите за нашими публикациями.

45news

Курган2040

@ 3f0702fa:66db56f1

Сегодня Курган официально открыл два новых современных аэропорта, знаменующих собой прорыв в транспортной инфраструктуре региона. Эти объекты не только расширяют возможности авиасообщения, но и внедряют передовые технологии будущего.

Примечательно, что на всех рейсах пассажиров кормят, обеспечивая высокий уровень сервиса. Кроме того, в аэропортах установлены бесплатные куллеры с водой, что делает ожидание рейса более комфортным. Эти изменения не только сокращают путешествия, но и делают их более приятными, включая стремление Кургана к современному уровню обслуживания в авиационной сфере.

Новые аэропорты

“Курган-Северный” для гражданских рейсов и “Курган-Восточный” для грузовых и специальных перевозок, построены с учетом последних достижений в области авиации и логистики. Оба комплекса оснащены автоматизированными системами управления воздушным движением, взлетно-посадочными полосами для приема всех типов современных самолетов, включая беспилотные летательные аппараты, а также используют возобновляемые источники энергии.

“Курган-Северный” предлагает пассажирам комфортабельные терминалы с полным комплексом услуг, включая экспресс-регистрацию, автоматизированный багажный сервис и зоны отдыха. Здесь также функционирует система персонального сопровождения с помощью голосовых ассистентов и AR-навигации.

“Курган-Восточный” оборудован современными логистическими центрами и роботизированными погрузочно-разгрузочными комплексами, обеспечивающими высокую скорость и точность обработки грузов.

Открытие этих аэропортов значительно повышает транспортную доступность Курганской области, способствует развитию туризма и бизнеса, а также укрепляет позиции региона как важного логистического узла страны.

Мы продолжим следить за развитием транспортной инфраструктуры Кургана и сообщать вам о новых достижениях. Следите за нашими публикациями.

45news #Курган2040

https://psv4.userapi.com/s/v1/d/KKViIRBPO0Innk4DEkNo-y4lZgvf2oK5hRz3qlcmViBzuuH-c_lMdI-sXBNsnZk7XkyyViNqUsu0msw_Bh_jobjqbLoI8j7mSPW9bQK6eilX4KD0BPZE0g/Untitled.mp4

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Lightning and its fake HTLCs

Lightning is terrible but can be very good with two tweaks.

How Lightning would work without HTLCs

In a world in which HTLCs didn't exist, Lightning channels would consist only of balances. Each commitment transaction would have two outputs: one for peer A, the other for peer B, according to the current state of the channel.

When a payment was being attempted to go through the channel, peers would just trust each other to update the state when necessary. For example:

1. Channel AB's balances are A[10:10]B (in sats);
2. A sends a 3sat payment through B to C;
3. A asks B to route the payment. Channel AB doesn't change at all;
4. B sends the payment to C, C accepts it;
5. Channel BC changes from B[20:5]C to B[17:8]C;
6. B notifies A the payment was successful, A acknowledges that;
7. Channel AB changes from A[10:10]B to A[7:13]B.

This in the case of a success, everything is fine, no glitches, no dishonesty.

But notice that A could have refused to acknowledge that the payment went through, either because of a bug, or because it went offline forever, or because it is malicious. Then the channel AB would stay as A[10:10]B and B would have lost 3 satoshis.

How Lightning would work with HTLCs

HTLCs are introduced to remedy that situation. Now instead of commitment transactions having always only two outputs, one to each peer, now they can have HTLC outputs too. These HTLC outputs could go to either side dependending on the circumstance.

Specifically, the peer that is sending the payment can redeem the HTLC after a number of blocks have passed. The peer that is receiving the payment can redeem the HTLC if they are able to provide the preimage to the hash specified in the HTLC.

Now the flow is something like this:

1. Channel AB's balances are A[10:10]B;
2. A sends a 3sat payment through B to C:
3. A asks B to route the payment. Their channel changes to A[7:3:10]B (the middle number is the HTLC).
4. B offers a payment to C. Their channel changes from B[20:5]C to B[17:3:5]C.
5. C tells B the preimage for that HTLC. Their channel changes from B[17:3:5]C to B[17:8]C.
6. B tells A the preimage for that HTLC. Their channel changes from A[7:3:10]B to A[7:13]B.

Now if A wants to trick B and stop responding B doesn't lose money, because B knows the preimage, B just needs to publish the commitment transaction A[7:3:10]B, which gives him 10sat and then redeem the HTLC using the preimage he got from C, which gives him 3 sats more. B is fine now.

In the same way, if B stops responding for any reason, A won't lose the money it put in that HTLC, it can publish the commitment transaction, get 7 back, then redeem the HTLC after the certain number of blocks have passed and get the other 3 sats back.

How Lightning doesn't really work

The example above about how the HTLCs work is very elegant but has a fatal flaw on it: transaction fees. Each new HTLC added increases the size of the commitment transaction and it requires yet another transaction to be redeemed. If we consider fees of 10000 satoshis that means any HTLC below that is as if it didn't existed because we can't ever redeem it anyway. In fact the Lightning protocol explicitly dictates that if HTLC output amounts are below the fee necessary to redeem them they shouldn't be created.

What happens in these cases then? Nothing, the amounts that should be in HTLCs are moved to the commitment transaction miner fee instead.

So considering a transaction fee of 10000sat for these HTLCs if one is sending Lightning payments below 10000sat that means they operate according to the unsafe protocol described in the first section above.

It is actually worse, because consider what happens in the case a channel in the middle of a route has a glitch or one of the peers is unresponsive. The other node, thinking they are operating in the trustless protocol, will proceed to publish the commitment transaction, i.e. close the channel, so they can redeem the HTLC -- only then they find out they are actually in the unsafe protocol realm and there is no HTLC to be redeemed at all and they lose not only the money, but also the channel (which costed a lot of money to open and close, in overall transaction fees).

One of the biggest features of the trustless protocol are the payment proofs. Every payment is identified by a hash and whenever the payee releases the preimage relative to that hash that means the payment was complete. The incentives are in place so all nodes in the path pass the preimage back until it reaches the payer, which can then use it as the proof he has sent the payment and the payee has received it. This feature is also lost in the unsafe protocol: if a glitch happens or someone goes offline on the preimage's way back then there is no way the preimage will reach the payer because no HTLCs are published and redeemed on the chain. The payee may have received the money but the payer will not know -- but the payee will lose the money sent anyway.

The end of HTLCs

So considering the points above you may be sad because in some cases Lightning doesn't use these magic HTLCs that give meaning to it all. But the fact is that no matter what anyone thinks, HTLCs are destined to be used less and less as time passes.

The fact that over time Bitcoin transaction fees tend to rise, and also the fact that multipart payment (MPP) are increasedly being used on Lightning for good, we can expect that soon no HTLC will ever be big enough to be actually worth redeeming and we will be at a point in which not a single HTLC is real and they're all fake.

Another thing to note is that the current unsafe protocol kicks out whenever the HTLC amount is below the Bitcoin transaction fee would be to redeem it, but this is not a reasonable algorithm. It is not reasonable to lose a channel and then pay 10000sat in fees to redeem a 10001sat HTLC. At which point does it become reasonable to do it? Probably in an amount many times above that, so it would be reasonable to even increase the threshold above which real HTLCs are made -- thus making their existence more and more rare.

These are good things, because we don't actually need HTLCs to make a functional Lightning Network.

We must embrace the unsafe protocol and make it better

So the unsafe protocol is not necessarily very bad, but the way it is being done now is, because it suffers from two big problems:

1. Channels are lost all the time for no reason;
2. No guarantees of the proof-of-payment ever reaching the payer exist.

The first problem we fix by just stopping the current practice of closing channels when there are no real HTLCs in them.

That, however, creates a new problem -- or actually it exarcebates the second: now that we're not closing channels, what do we do with the expired payments in them? These payments should have either been canceled or fulfilled before some block x, now we're in block x+1, our peer has returned from its offline period and one of us will have to lose the money from that payment.

That's fine because it's only 3sat and it's better to just lose 3sat than to lose both the 3sat and the channel anyway, so either one would be happy to eat the loss. Maybe we'll even split it 50/50! No, that doesn't work, because it creates an attack vector with peers becoming unresponsive on purpose on one side of the route and actually failing/fulfilling the payment on the other side and making a profit with that.

So we actually need to know who is to blame on these payments, even if we are not going to act on that imediatelly: we need some kind of arbiter that both peers can trust, such that if one peer is trying to send the preimage or the cancellation to the other and the other is unresponsive, when the unresponsive peer comes back, the arbiter can tell them they are to blame, so they can willfully eat the loss and the channel can continue. Both peers are happy this way.

If the unresponsive peer doesn't accept what the arbiter says then the peer that was operating correctly can assume the unresponsive peer is malicious and close the channel, and then blacklist it and never again open a channel with a peer they know is malicious.

Again, the differences between this scheme and the current Lightning Network are that:

a. In the current Lightning we always close channels, in this scheme we only close channels in case someone is malicious or in other worst case scenarios (the arbiter is unresponsive, for example). b. In the current Lightning we close the channels without having any clue on who is to blame for that, then we just proceed to reopen a channel with that same peer even in the case they were actively trying to harm us before.

What is missing? An arbiter.

The Bitcoin blockchain is the ideal arbiter, it works in the best possible way if we follow the trustless protocol, but as we've seen we can't use the Bitcoin blockchain because it is expensive.

Therefore we need a new arbiter. That is the hard part, but not unsolvable. Notice that we don't need an absolutely perfect arbiter, anything is better than nothing, really, even an unreliable arbiter that is offline half of the day is better than what we have today, or an arbiter that lies, an arbiter that charges some satoshis for each resolution, anything.

Here are some suggestions:

• random nodes from the network selected by an algorithm that both peers agree to, so they can't cheat by selecting themselves. The only thing these nodes have to do is to store data from one peer, try to retransmit it to the other peer and record the results for some time.
• a set of nodes preselected by the two peers when the channel is being opened -- same as above, but with more handpicked-trust involved.
• some third-party cloud storage or notification provider with guarantees of having open data in it and some public log-keeping, like Twitter, GitHub or a Nostr relay;
• peers that get paid to do the job, selected by the fact that they own some token (I know this is stepping too close to the shitcoin territory, but could be an idea) issued in a Spacechain;
• a Spacechain itself, serving only as the storage for a bunch of OP_RETURNs that are published and tracked by these Lightning peers whenever there is an issue (this looks wrong, but could work).

Key points

1. Lightning with HTLC-based routing was a cool idea, but it wasn't ever really feasible.
2. HTLCs are going to be abandoned and that's the natural course of things.
3. It is actually good that HTLCs are being abandoned, but
4. We must change the protocol to account for the existence of fake HTLCs and thus make the bulk of the Lightning Network usage viable again.

See also

• Ripple and the problem of the decentralized commit
• The Lightning Network solves the problem of the decentralized commit

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

There's a problem with using Git concepts for everything

We've been seeing a surge in applications that use Git to store other things than code, or that are based on Git concepts and so enable "forking, merging and distributed collaboration" for things like blogs, recipes, literature, music composition, normal files in a filesystem, databases.

The problem with all this is they will either:

1. assume the user will commit manually and expect that commit to be composed by a set of meaningful changes, and the commiter will also add a message to the commit, describing that set of meaningful, related changes; or
2. try to make the committing process automatic and hide it from the user, so will producing meaningless commits, based on random changes in many different files (it's not "files" if we are talking about a recipe or rows in a table, but let's say "files" for the sake of clarity) that will probably not be related and not reduceable to a meaningful commit message, or maybe the commit will contain only the changes to a single file, and its commit message would be equivalent to "updated <name of the file>".

Programmers, when using Git, think in Git, i.e., they work with version control in their minds. They try hard to commit together only sets of meaningful and related changes, even when they happen to make unrelated changes in the meantime, and that's why there are commands like git add -p and many others.

Normal people, to whom many of these git-based tools are intended to (and even programmers when out of their code-world), are much less prone to think in Git, and that's why another kind of abstraction for fork-merge-collaborate in non-code environments must be used.

@ 3f0702fa:66db56f1

Курганская область сегодня – это не просто аграрный регион, но и процветающий туристический центр, привлекающий путешественников со всего мира. Регион совершил впечатляющий прорыв в развитии туристической отрасли, благодаря инновационному подходу, инвестициям и грамотной стратегии продвижения.

Раньше Курганская область оставалась в тени более популярных туристических направлений, но сегодня ситуация кардинально изменилась.

Инфраструктура нового поколения

По всей области появились современные эко-отели и комфортабельные глэмпинги, идеально вписанные в окружающую природу. Регион интегрирован в национальную сеть скоростных магистралей, а региональный аэропорт принимает рейсы из многих крупных городов России и зарубежья. Развита сеть внутреннего общественного транспорта, включая беспилотные автобусы и электромобили. Мультиязычные туристические порталы и мобильные приложения с дополненной реальностью помогают гостям легко ориентироваться и находить интересные места.

Уникальные туристические продукты

Культурно-исторический комплекс “Курганская крепость” стал одним из главных магнитов для туристов, предлагая интерактивные программы и ремесленные мастер-классы. Развита сеть эко-троп и кемпингов, предлагаются туры на байдарках и велосипедах. Популярен и агротуризм, где гости могут познакомиться с сельской жизнью. В регионе регулярно проводятся фестивали, выставки, концерты. Курганские музеи и картинные галереи предлагают уникальные экспозиции, рассказывающие об истории и культуре региона. Курганские санатории и лечебницы предлагают современные программы оздоровления, а также, благодаря близости космодрома “Восточный”, развит космический туризм.

Инновационные технологии на службе туризма

Туристы могут использовать персональных голосовых ассистентов и AR-приложения для получения информации, бронирования экскурсий и заказа билетов. Технологии VR и AR позволяют гостям предварительно “посетить” интересующие их места. Интерактивные карты с дополненной реальностью помогают легко ориентироваться на местности.

Партнерство и продвижение

Региональные власти активно сотрудничают с российскими и международными турфирмами, предлагая привлекательные туры. Курганская область активно продвигает свой туристический потенциал в социальных сетях и участвует в международных туристических выставках.

Мы продолжим следить за развитием туристической индустрии в Курганской области и сообщать вам о новых возможностях для путешественников. Следите за нашими публикациями.

45news

Курган2040

@ 3f0702fa:66db56f1

Сегодня мы можем с уверенностью констатировать: Курган – один из самых технологичных городов России. За последние два десятилетия цифровизация не просто вошла в нашу жизнь, она стала ее неотъемлемой частью, кардинально изменив то, как мы работаем, учимся, отдыхаем и взаимодействуем друг с другом.

Раньше мы могли только мечтать о тех возможностях, которые доступны нам сегодня. Давайте посмотрим, как именно новые технологии изменили жизнь курганцев.

Умный город - умная жизнь

Интеллектуальная транспортная система, управляемая искусственным интеллектом, теперь норма для Кургана. Пробки остались в прошлом, благодаря умным светофорам, анализирующим трафик в реальном времени. Беспилотный общественный транспорт, включая аэротакси, стал привычным способом передвижения по городу. Цифровизация коснулась и ЖКХ: коммунальные платежи, отслеживание потребления ресурсов и вызов аварийных служб – все это доступно через удобные мобильные приложения и персональных голосовых ассистентов. Датчики на каждом доме контролируют состояние инфраструктуры, предотвращая аварии и поломки. Кроме того, интегрированная система видеонаблюдения с распознаванием лиц и объектов помогает оперативно реагировать на любые происшествия и обеспечивать высокий уровень безопасности.

Искусственный интеллект - двигатель развития

Образование в Кургане вышло на новый уровень. Искусственный интеллект анализирует успеваемость и интересы каждого ученика, подбирая индивидуальные образовательные траектории. Виртуальные и дополненные реальности используются для создания захватывающих учебных программ, позволяющих “погрузиться” в изучаемый материал. Доступ к мировым образовательным ресурсам стал повсеместным благодаря онлайн-образованию. Курганцы могут обучаться в лучших университетах мира, не выходя из дома. Курганские ученые активно используют цифровые технологии в своих исследованиях, участвуя в международных проектах и совершая прорывы в различных областях науки.

Практически все предприятия, от крупных заводов до небольших магазинов, перешли на цифровое управление. Искусственный интеллект помогает автоматизировать рутинные процессы, оптимизировать производство и повысить эффективность работы. Курган стал одним из центров развития IT-индустрии в России, привлекая специалистов из разных регионов. Многие курганцы работают удаленно, используя современные средства коммуникации, что обеспечивает гибкий график и позволяет совмещать профессиональную деятельность с личной жизнью.

Персональная медицина стала реальностью благодаря цифровым медицинским картам, носимым устройствам и технологиям телемедицины. Врачи осуществляют постоянный мониторинг состояния здоровья пациентов и оказывают своевременную помощь. Искусственный интеллект помогает врачам ставить более точные диагнозы, подбирать индивидуальные программы лечения и контролировать эффективность терапии. Консультации с ведущими специалистами страны и мира доступны через онлайн-платформы, что особенно важно для жителей отдаленных районов.

Творчество и технологии

Современные технологии позволяют создавать интерактивные экспозиции, оживляющие историю и культуру региона в цифровых музеях и театрах. Виртуальные туры позволяют посещать музеи и театры, не выходя из дома. Курганцы имеют возможность наслаждаться любимой музыкой и участвовать в культурных мероприятиях в режиме онлайн. Киберспортивные арены стали популярным местом проведения досуга, а курганские киберспортсмены занимают лидирующие позиции на национальных и международных соревнованиях.

Курган 2040 – это город, где цифровые технологии стали неотъемлемой частью повседневной жизни, повышая ее качество и создавая новые возможности для каждого жителя. Это город, где прошлое уважается, а будущее строится с учетом последних достижений науки и техники. Курган становится примером для других регионов, демонстрируя, как можно преобразить жизнь с помощью цифровизации.

Мы продолжим следить за развитием цифровых технологий в Кургане и сообщать о новых достижениях. Следите за нашими публикациями.

45news

Курган2040

@ 3f0702fa:66db56f1

Сегодня мы стали свидетелями открытия, которого Курган ждал десятилетия – культурно-исторического комплекса «Курганская крепость». Это не просто реконструкция старинных укреплений, а уникальный проект, объединивший прошлое и будущее, создавшее пространство для образования, развлечений и погружения в историю нашего края.

Идея воссоздания крепости, существовавшей в XVII-XVIII веках, витала в воздухе давно, но только сейчас, благодаря современным технологиям и подходу к культурному наследию, она воплотилась в жизнь во всем своем великолепии. Комплекс расположен на историческом месте, где некогда возвышались деревянные стены и башни, и занимает внушительную территорию.

Главной особенностью крепости является то, что на территории комплекса действуют иммерсивные театры, где разыгрываются сцены из жизни первых поселенцев, проходят ремесленные мастер-классы, где можно не только увидеть, но и попробовать себя в роли кузнеца, ткача или гончара.

Виртуальная и дополненная реальность позволяют увидеть крепость в ее первозданном виде, “прогуляться” по улицам 17 века, стать свидетелем исторических событий, недоступных ранее. Специальные AR-приложения оживляют экспонаты, рассказывают истории людей, живших в то время.

Кстати, комплекс построен с использованием современных экологически чистых материалов. Солнечные панели обеспечивают его электроснабжение, а система сбора дождевой воды – полив зеленых насаждений. “Зеленая” концепция - один из приоритетов проекта, позволяющий сохранить уникальную флору региона и минимизировать воздействие на окружающую среду. Научно-исследовательский центр: На базе комплекса функционирует современный научно-исследовательский центр, изучающий историю региона, археологические находки и культурное наследие. Это позволяет не только углубить знания о прошлом, но и обеспечить сохранность артефактов для будущих поколений.

Отметим, «Курганская крепость» – это не только место для туристов, но и площадка для проведения фестивалей, концертов, выставок и других культурных мероприятий. Комплекс стал новым центром притяжения для горожан и гостей города, способствуя развитию творческого потенциала региона.

В рамках комплекса также работают образовательные центры для детей и взрослых, где в интерактивной форме преподаются история, краеведение, ремесла. Уникальные методики обучения позволяют “прикоснуться к прошлому” в прямом смысле этого слова и пробудить интерес к изучению истории.

«Курганская крепость» – это не просто историческая реконструкция, это проект будущего, демонстрирующий, как можно эффективно использовать современные технологии для сохранения и популяризации культурного наследия. Это инвестиция в наше будущее, в нашу идентичность, в понимание того, откуда мы пришли и куда идем.

Мы будем следить за развитием комплекса и рассказывать вам о новых открытиях и событиях. Оставайтесь с нами!

45news

Курган2040

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Custom spreadsheets

The idea was to use it to make an app that would serve as custom database for everything and interact with the spreadsheet so people could play and calculate with their values after they were created by the custom app, something like an MS Access integrated with Excel?

My first attempt that worked (I believe there was an attempt before but I have probably deleted it from everywhere) was this react-microspreadsheet thing (at the time called react-spreadsheet before I donated the npm name to someone who asked):

• https://github.com/fiatjaf/react-microspreadsheet

This was a very good spreadsheet component that did many things current "react spreadsheet" components out there don't do. It had formulas; support for that handle thing that you pulled with the mouse and it autofilled cells with a pattern; it had keyboard navigation with Ctrl, Shift, Ctrl+Shift; it had that thing through which you copy-pasted formulas and they would change their parameters depending on where you pasted them (implemented in a very poor manner because I was using and thinking about Excel in baby mode at the time).

Then I tried to make it into "a small sheet you can share" kind of app through assemblymade.com, and eventually as I tried to add more things bugs began to appear.

Then there was cycle6-spreadsheet:

• https://github.com/fiatjaf/spreadsheet-cycle6

If I remember well this was very similar to the other one, although made almost 2 years after. Despite having the same initial goal of the other (the multi-app custom database thing) it only yielded:

• Sidesheet, a Chrome extension that opened a spreadsheet on the side of the screen that you could use to make calculations and so on. It worked, but had too many bugs that probably caused me to give up entirely.

I'm not sure which of the two spreadsheets above powers http://sheets.alhur.es.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

P2P reputation thing

Each node shares a blob of the reputations they have, which includes a confidence number. The number comes from the fact that reputations are inherited from other nodes they trust and averaged by their confidence in these. Everything is mixed for plausible deniability. By default a node only shares their stuff with people they manually add, to prevent government from crawling everybody's database. Also to each added friend nodes share a different identity/pubkey (like giving a new Bitcoin address for every transaction) (derived from hip32) (and since each identity can only be contacted by one other entity the node filters incoming connections to download their database: "this identity already been used? no, yes, used with which peer?").

Network protocol

Maybe the data uploader/offerer initiates connection to the receiver over Tor so there's only a Tor address for incoming data, never an address for a data source, i.e. everybody has an address, but only for requesting data.

How to request? Post an encrypted message in an IRC room or something similar (better if messages are stored for a while) targeted to the node/identity you want to download from, along with your Tor address. Once the node sees that it checks if you can download and contacts you.

The encrypted messages could have the target identity pubkey prefix such that the receiving node could try to decrypt only some if those with some probability of success.

Nodes can choose to share with anyone, share only with pre-approved people, share only with people who know one of their addresses/entities (works like a PIN, you give the address to someone in the street, that person can reach you, to the next person you give another address etc., you can even have a public address and share limited data with that).

Data model

Each entry in a database should be in the following format:

internal_id : real_world_identifier [, real_world_identifier...] : tag

Which means you can either associate one or multiple real world identifier with an internal id and associate the real person designated by these identifiers with a tag. the tag should be part of the standard or maybe negotiated between peers. it can be things like scammer, thief, tax collector etc., or honest, good dentist etc. defining good enough labels may be tricky.

internal_id should be created by the user who made the record about the person.

At first this is not necessary, but additional bloat can be added to the protocol if the federated automated message posting boards are working in the sense that each user can ask for more information about a given id and the author of that record can contact the person asking for information and deliver free text to them with the given information. For this to work the internal id must be a public key and the information delivered must be signed with the correspondent private key, so the receiver of the information will know it's not just some spammer inventing stuff, but actually the person who originated that record.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

gravity

IPFS is nice as a personal archiving tool (edit: it's not). You store a bunch of data and make it available to the public.

The problem is that no one will ever know you have that data, therefore you need a place to publish it somewhere. Gravity was an attempt of being the tool for this job.

It was a website that showcased the collections from users, and it was also a command-line client that used your IPFS keys for authentication and allowed you to paste IPFS URIs and names and descriptions.

The site was intended to be easy to run so you could have multiple stellar bodies aggregating content and interact with them all in a standardized manner.

It also had an ActivityPub/"fediverse" integration so people could follow Gravity server users from Mastodon and friends and see new data they published as "tweets".

• https://github.com/fiatjaf/gravity

See also

• How IPFS is broken
• litepub

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

TiddlyWiki remoteStorage

TiddlyWiki is very good and useful, but since at this time I used multiple computers during the week, it wouldn't work for me to use it as a single file on my computer, so I had to hack its internal tiddler saving mechanism to instead save the raw data of each tiddler to remoteStorage and load them from that place also (ok, there was in theory a plugin system, but I had to read and understand the entire unformatted core source-code anyway).

There was also a server that fetched tiddlywikis from anyone's remoteStorage buckets (after authorization) and served these to the world, a quick and nice way to publish a TiddlyWiki -- which is a problem all people in TiddlyWiki struggle against.

• https://github.com/fiatjaf/tiddlywiki-remotestorage
• https://tiddly.alhur.es/

See also

• hledger-web
• LessPass remoteStorage

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Democracia na América

Alexis de Tocqueville escreveu um livro só elogiando o sistema político dos Estados Unidos. E mesmo tendo sido assim, e mesmo tendo escrito o seu livro quase 100 anos antes do mais precoce sinal de decadência da democracia na América, percebeu coisas que até hoje quase ninguém percebe: o mandato da suprema corte é um enorme poder, uma força centralizadora, imune ao voto popular e com poderes altamente indefinidos e por isso mesmo ilimitados.

Não sei se ele concluiu, porém, que não existe nem pode existir balanço perfeito entre poderes. Sempre haverá furos.

De qualquer maneira, o homem é um gênio apenas por ter percebido isso e outras coisas, como o fato da figura do presidente, também obviamente um elemento centralizador, não ser tão poderosa quanto a figura de um rei da França, por exemplo. Mas ao mesmo tempo, por entre o véu de elogios (sempre muito sóbrios) deixou escapar que provavelmente também achava que não poderia durar para sempre a fraqueza do cargo de presidente.

• Democracy as a failed open-network protocol
• Família e propriedade
• Liberalismo oitocentista

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

busca múltipla na estante virtual

A single-page app made in Elm with a Go backend that scrapped estantevirtual.com.br in real-time for search results of multiple different search terms and aggregated the results per book store, so when you want to buy many books you can find the stores that have the biggest part of what you want and buy everything together, paying less for the delivery fee.

It had a very weird unicode issue I never managed to solve, something with the encoding estantevirtual.com.br used.

I also planned to build the entire checkout flow directly in this UI, but then decided it wasn't worth it. The search flow only was already good enough.

• https://estantevirtual.alhur.es/
• https://github.com/fiatjaf/estantevirtual

@ b34b4408:acfb9667

เฮลิโอเทอราปีคืออะไร?

เฮลิโอเทอราปี (Heliotherapy) หรือการบำบัดด้วยแสงแดด เป็นศาสตร์การแพทย์ที่มีมาแต่โบราณ ชาวกรีกและโรมันใช้แสงแดดในการรักษาโรคและบำรุงสุขภาพ แนวคิดนี้ไม่ใช่เรื่องงมงาย แต่มีหลักการทางวิทยาศาสตร์รองรับ โดยเฉพาะในด้านผลของแสงแดดต่อการทำงานของร่างกายมนุษย์

กลไกการทำงานของเฮลิโอเทอราปี

การกระตุ้นการสร้างวิตามินดี

• แสง UVB ที่มีความยาวคลื่น 290-315 นาโนเมตร จะกระตุ้นให้ผิวหนังเปลี่ยน 7-dehydrocholesterol เป็น previtamin D3
• Previtamin D3 จะถูกเปลี่ยนเป็น vitamin D3 ด้วยความร้อนจากร่างกาย
• Vitamin D3 จะถูกตับเปลี่ยนเป็น 25-hydroxyvitamin D
• ไตจะเปลี่ยน 25-hydroxyvitamin D เป็น 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D ซึ่งเป็นรูปแบบที่ใช้งานได้
• กระบวนการนี้ส่งผลต่อ:
• การดูดซึมแคลเซียมและฟอสฟอรัสที่ลำไส้
• การสร้างและซ่อมแซมกระดูก
• การทำงานของระบบภูมิคุ้มกัน

การปรับสมดุลฮอร์โมน

• การกระตุ้นเซโรโทนิน:
• แสงสว่างผ่านดวงตาไปกระตุ้น Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN)
• SCN ส่งสัญญาณไปยัง Pineal Gland
• เพิ่มการผลิตเซโรโทนินในช่วงกลางวัน

• ลดการเปลี่ยนเซโรโทนินเป็นเมลาโทนิน

• การควบคุมเมลาโทนิน:

• ช่วงมีแสงสว่าง จะยับยั้งการผลิตเมลาโทนิน
• เมื่อไม่มีแสง จะเริ่มผลิตเมลาโทนิน
• ช่วยควบคุมวงจรการนอนหลับ

• ส่งผลต่อการทำงานของระบบเมตาบอลิซึม

• การปรับระดับคอร์ติซอล:

• แสงสว่างช่วยกระตุ้นการหลั่งคอร์ติซอลตามธรรมชาติ
• ช่วยให้ร่างกายตื่นตัวในช่วงเช้า
• ควบคุมระดับน้ำตาลในเลือด
• มีผลต่อการตอบสนองต่อความเครียด

ผลต่อระบบภูมิคุ้มกัน

• การกระตุ้นเซลล์ภูมิคุ้มกัน:
• เพิ่มการผลิต T-lymphocytes
• กระตุ้นการทำงานของ Natural Killer cells

• เพิ่มประสิทธิภาพของ macrophages

• การควบคุมการอักเสบ:

• ลดการผลิต pro-inflammatory cytokines
• เพิ่มการผลิต anti-inflammatory compounds

• ช่วยควบคุมการตอบสนองของระบบภูมิคุ้มกัน

• การเสริมสร้างการป้องกัน:

• กระตุ้นการสร้าง antimicrobial peptides
• เพิ่มความสามารถในการต่อต้านเชื้อโรค
• ช่วยในการซ่อมแซมเนื้อเยื่อ

ผลต่อผิวหนัง

• การกระตุ้นเม็ดสีเมลานิน:
• ป้องกันการทำลาย DNA จากรังสี UV
• ช่วยกรองแสง UV ที่เป็นอันตราย

• ปรับสีผิวให้เข้มขึ้นเพื่อป้องกัน

• การซ่อมแซมเซลล์:

• กระตุ้นกระบวนการ DNA repair
• เพิ่มการผลิต collagen
• ช่วยในการรักษาแผลและการอักเสบ

ผลต่อระบบประสาท

• การกระตุ้นการทำงานของสมอง:
• เพิ่มการไหลเวียนเลือดในสมอง
• กระตุ้นการผลิตสารสื่อประสาท

• ปรับปรุงความสามารถในการจดจำ

• การควบคุมอารมณ์:

• ลดความเครียดผ่านการปรับสมดุลฮอร์โมน
• ช่วยลดอาการซึมเศร้า
• เพิ่มความรู้สึกผ่อนคลาย

การประยุกต์ใช้เฮลิโอเทอราปีในการรักษาโรค

โรคผิวหนัง

• โรคสะเก็ดเงิน (Psoriasis)

• กลไก: แสง UV ช่วยลดการเพิ่มจำนวนของเซลล์ผิวหนังที่ผิดปกติ

• ผลการรักษา: ลดความหนาของรอยโรค ลดอาการคัน ลดการอักเสบ

• โรคผื่นภูมิแพ้ผิวหนัง (Atopic Dermatitis)

• กลไก: ลดการทำงานของเซลล์ภูมิคุ้มกันที่ทำให้เกิดการอักเสบ

• ผลการรักษา: บรรเทาอาการคัน ลดการอักเสบ ผิวหนังแข็งแรงขึ้น

• โรคด่างขาว (Vitiligo)

• กลไก: กระตุ้นการทำงานของเซลล์สร้างเม็ดสี

• ผลการรักษา: กระตุ้นการสร้างเม็ดสีในบริเวณที่เป็นด่างขาว

• สิวอักเสบ (acne)

• กลไก : แสง UV ช่วยฆ่าเชื้อแบคทีเรีย
• ผลการรักษา : ลดการอักเสบ และส่งเสริมเชื้อดีที่ผิว

ปัญหาสุขภาพจิต

• ภาวะซึมเศร้าตามฤดูกาล (SAD)

• ความถี่: ทุกวัน โดยเฉพาะในฤดูหนาว/ฝน
• กลไก: กระตุ้นการผลิตเซโรโทนิน ปรับสมดุลเมลาโทนิน

• ผลการรักษา: ลดอาการซึมเศร้า เพิ่มพลังงาน ปรับปรุงการนอน

• ปัญหาการนอนไม่หลับ หรือ อาการเจ็ทแล็ก (Jet lag)

• ความถี่: ทุกวัน
• กลไก: ปรับนาฬิกาชีวภาพ ควบคุมการผลิตเมลาโทนิน

• ผลการรักษา: ช่วยให้นอนหลับง่ายขึ้น ปรับวงจรการนอน

• ความเครียดและวิตกกังวล

• วิธีการ: รับแสงแดดอ่อนๆ พร้อมการเดินหรือทำสมาธิ
• กลไก: เพิ่มการผลิตเซโรโทนิน ลดระดับคอร์ติซอล
• ผลการรักษา: ลดความเครียด เพิ่มความรู้สึกผ่อนคลาย

โรคกระดูกและข้อ

• ภาวะกระดูกพรุน

• วิธีการ: รับแสงแดด เน้นช่วงข้อแขนขาที่มีอาการ
• กลไก: เพิ่มการสร้างวิตามินดี ช่วยดูดซึมแคลเซียม

• ผลการรักษา: ชะลอการสูญเสียมวลกระดูก เพิ่มความแข็งแรง

• การอักเสบของข้อ/โรคกระดูกอ่อน (Rickets)/เก็าท์ /รูมาตอยด์

• วิธีการ: รับแสงแดดบริเวณข้อที่มีปัญหา
• กลไก: ลดการอักเสบ เพิ่มการไหลเวียนเลือด
• ผลการรักษา: ลดอาการปวด เพิ่มความยืดหยุ่น

โรคระบบภูมิคุ้มกัน

• ภูมิแพ้ (Allergies)

• กลไก: ปรับการตอบสนองของระบบภูมิคุ้มกัน
• ผลการรักษา: ลดความรุนแรงของอาการแพ้

- โรคภูมิคุ้มกันทำลายตัวเอง

• กลไก: ปรับสมดุลระบบภูมิคุ้มกัน ลดการอักเสบ
• ผลการรักษา: ลดความรุนแรงของอาการ ยืดระยะเวลาระหว่างการกำเริบ

ระบบเมตาบอลิซึม

- การควบคุมน้ำหนัก

• วิธีการ: รับแสงแดด พร้อมการเดินเบาๆ
• กลไก:
  • กระตุ้นการทำงานของต่อมไทรอยด์
  • เพิ่มการเผาผลาญไขมันสีน้ำตาล (Brown Fat)
  • ปรับสมดุลฮอร์โมนที่เกี่ยวข้องกับความหิว

• ผลการรักษา:

  • เพิ่มอัตราการเผาผลาญพื้นฐาน
  • ควบคุมความอยากอาหารได้ดีขึ้น
  • ลดการสะสมไขมัน

• การควบคุมน้ำตาลในเลือด

• วิธีการ: รับแสงแดดหลังอาหาร
• กลไก:
  • เพิ่มความไวต่ออินซูลิน
  • ปรับการทำงานของเซลล์ตับอ่อน
  • ควบคุมการหลั่งฮอร์โมนที่เกี่ยวข้องกับน้ำตาล

• ผลการรักษา:

  • ระดับน้ำตาลในเลือดคงที่มากขึ้น
  • ลดความเสี่ยงภาวะน้ำตาลต่ำ/สูง
  • เพิ่มประสิทธิภาพการใช้น้ำตาลของเซลล์

• การทำงานของตับ

• กลไก:
  • กระตุ้นการสร้างเอนไซม์ในตับ
  • เพิ่มการไหลเวียนเลือดที่ตับ
  • ช่วยในกระบวนการดีท็อกซ์

• ผลการรักษา:

  • เพิ่มประสิทธิภาพการทำงานของตับ
  • ลดการสะสมไขมันในตับ
  • ช่วยการขจัดสารพิษ

• ระบบย่อยอาหาร

• กลไก:
  • กระตุ้นการผลิตน้ำย่อย
  • ปรับสมดุลแบคทีเรียในลำไส้
  • เพิ่มการเคลื่อนไหวของลำไส้
• ผลการรักษา:
  • ระบบย่อยอาหารทำงานดีขึ้น
  • ลดอาการท้องอืด ท้องเฟ้อ
  • เพิ่มการดูดซึมสารอาหาร

ข้อควรระวังในการรักษา: - ปรึกษาผู้เชี่ยวชาญหรือผู้ที่เข้าใจเรื่อง Heliotherapy หากมีโรคประจำตัว - เริ่มจากระยะเวลาสั้นๆ แล้วค่อยๆ เพิ่ม - ควรสวมเสื้อผ้าที่เปิดผิวหนังให้สัมผัสแสงแดดโดยตรง - ไม่ควรทาครีมกันแดดในบริเวณที่ต้องการรับการรักษา - หากมีอาการผิวแดง ร้อนผิว ให้หยุดรับแสงแดด - หยุดทันทีเมื่อมีอาการแพ้หรือระคายเคือง - ระวังเป็นพิเศษในผู้ที่มีประวัติแพ้แดด

ความจริงที่ถูกบิดเบือน: ทำไมเราถึงกลัวแดด?

อิทธิพลของอุตสาหกรรมความงามและการแพทย์

อุตสาหกรรมเครื่องสำอางและผลิตภัณฑ์ดูแลผิว

• ตลาดผลิตภัณฑ์กันแดด
• มูลค่าตลาดทั่วโลกกว่า 50,000 ล้านดอลลาร์
• อัตราการเติบโตเฉลี่ย 8-10% ต่อปี
• ผลิตภัณฑ์หลากหลายระดับราคา

• การพัฒนาสูตรใหม่ๆ เพื่อสร้างความต้องการ

• กลยุทธ์การสร้างความต้องการ

• การโฆษณาที่สร้างความกลัว

  • ใช้ภาพก่อน-หลังที่เกินจริง
  • นำเสนอผลการวิจัยแบบเลือกข้าง
  • สร้างความกังวลเรื่องริ้วรอยและความชรา
  • ใช้คำศัพท์ทางวิทยาศาสตร์ที่ซับซ้อน

• การสร้างความเชื่อผิดๆ

  • "ต้องทาครีมกันแดดทุกวัน แม้อยู่ในร่ม"
  • "ยิ่ง SPF สูง ยิ่งดี"
  • "แสงแดดเป็นสาเหตุหลักของริ้วรอย"
  • "ผิวขาวเท่านั้นที่สวยและดูดี"

อุตสาหกรรมอาหารเสริม

• ตลาดผลิตภัณฑ์วิตามินดี
• การเติบโตของตลาดอาหารเสริมวิตามินดี
• การผลักดันให้ใช้อาหารเสริมแทนแสงแดด
• ราคาที่สูงเกินความจำเป็น

• การสร้างความเชื่อว่าอาหารเสริมปลอดภัยกว่า

• กลยุทธ์ทางการตลาด

• การใช้ผู้เชี่ยวชาญทางการแพทย์รับรอง
• การนำเสนอผลการวิจัยที่สนับสนุนผลิตภัณฑ์
• การสร้างความกลัวเรื่องการขาดวิตามินดี
• การเชื่อมโยงกับปัญหาสุขภาพต่างๆ

อุตสาหกรรมการแพทย์และความงาม

• คลินิกผิวพรรณและความงาม
• การให้บริการทรีตเมนต์หลบแดด
• การรักษาผิวคล้ำเสียจากแดด
• การฉีดวิตามินและอาหารเสริม

• ทรีตเมนต์ฟื้นฟูผิวราคาแพง

• การแพทย์เฉพาะทาง

• การรักษาผิวหนังที่เน้นยาและเคมีภัณฑ์
• การผ่าตัดและเลเซอร์เพื่อความขาว
• การรักษาริ้วรอยด้วยวิธีราคาแพง
• การละเลยวิธีธรรมชาติบำบัด

เครือข่ายผลประโยชน์ทางธุรกิจ

• ความเชื่อมโยงระหว่างอุตสาหกรรม
• บริษัทยาที่ผลิตทั้งครีมกันแดดและอาหารเสริม
• คลินิกที่จำหน่ายผลิตภัณฑ์ของตัวเอง
• การร่วมมือระหว่างผู้เชี่ยวชาญและบริษัทผลิตภัณฑ์

• เครือข่ายการตลาดและการโฆษณา

• ผลประโยชน์ทับซ้อน

• ผู้เชี่ยวชาญที่เป็นพรีเซ็นเตอร์ผลิตภัณฑ์
• งานวิจัยที่ได้รับทุนจากบริษัทผลิตภัณฑ์
• การให้ข้อมูลที่เอื้อประโยชน์ทางธุรกิจ
• การปิดบังข้อมูลที่อาจกระทบยอดขาย

ผลกระทบต่อผู้บริโภค

• ด้านเศรษฐกิจ
• ค่าใช้จ่ายสูงในการซื้อผลิตภัณฑ์
• การเสียเงินกับทรีตเมนต์ที่ไม่จำเป็น
• ภาระค่าใช้จ่ายระยะยาว

• การลงทุนที่ไม่คุ้มค่ากับผลลัพธ์

• ด้านสุขภาพ

• การขาดแสงแดดที่จำเป็น
• ผลข้างเคียงจากผลิตภัณฑ์
• การพึ่งพาผลิตภัณฑ์มากเกินไป
• ปัญหาสุขภาพที่เกิดจากการหลีกเลี่ยงแสงแดด

อิทธิพลทางสังคมและวัฒนธรรม

• ค่านิยมผิวขาวในสังคมเอเชีย
• รากเหง้าทางประวัติศาสตร์ของการแบ่งชนชั้น
• อิทธิพลของสื่อและดารานักแสดง
• ความเชื่อมโยงระหว่างผิวขาวกับความสำเร็จ

• แรงกดดันทางสังคมในการรักษาผิวให้ขาว

• การเปลี่ยนแปลงวิถีชีวิต

• การทำงานในออฟฟิศเป็นหลัก
• การใช้ชีวิตในห้างสรรพสินค้าและอาคาร
• การลดลงของกิจกรรมกลางแจ้ง
• ความเชื่อว่าการอยู่ในร่มปลอดภัยกว่า

การบิดเบือนข้อมูลทางการแพทย์

การนำเสนอข้อมูลที่ไม่สมดุล

• การเน้นย้ำความเสี่ยงมะเร็งผิวหนัง
• นำเสนอสถิติแบบบิดเบือน
• ไม่แยกแยะระหว่างการรับแดดที่เหมาะสมกับการรับแดดมากเกินไป
• ละเลยการพูดถึงปัจจัยเสี่ยงอื่นๆ

• ไม่ให้ข้อมูลว่าการรับแดดอย่างเหมาะสมอาจช่วยป้องกันมะเร็งบางชนิด

• การละเลยประโยชน์ของแสง UV

• ไม่พูดถึงบทบาทของ UV ในการฆ่าเชื้อโรค
• ปิดบังข้อมูลเรื่องการสร้างวิตามินดีตามธรรมชาติ
• ไม่กล่าวถึงประโยชน์ต่อระบบภูมิคุ้มกัน
• ละเลยผลดีต่อสุขภาพจิต

การสร้างความเข้าใจผิดเกี่ยวกับวิตามินดี

• ความเชื่อเรื่องอาหารเสริม
• สร้างความเชื่อว่าอาหารเสริมดีกว่าแสงแดด
• ไม่เปิดเผยข้อจำกัดของการดูดซึมวิตามินดีจากอาหารเสริม
• ละเลยการพูดถึงผลข้างเคียงของการใช้อาหารเสริมเกินขนาด

• ไม่อธิบายความแตกต่างระหว่างวิตามินดีจากธรรมชาติและสังเคราะห์

• การวิจัยที่มีอคติ

• การศึกษาที่ได้รับทุนจากบริษัทผลิตภัณฑ์กันแดด
• เลือกนำเสนอผลการวิจัยเฉพาะด้านลบ
• ขาดการศึกษาระยะยาวเกี่ยวกับผลดีของแสงแดด
• ไม่เปิดเผยผลประโยชน์ทับซ้อนในงานวิจัย

การบิดเบือนในการรักษาทางการแพทย์

• แนวทางการรักษาที่พึ่งพายา
• เน้นการใช้ยามากกว่าวิธีธรรมชาติ
• ละเลยการแนะนำเรื่องการรับแสงแดด
• สั่งจ่ายอาหารเสริมโดยไม่จำเป็น

• ไม่ให้ความสำคัญกับการปรับพฤติกรรม

• การวินิจฉัยที่ไม่ครอบคลุม

• ไม่ตรวจหาสาเหตุจากการขาดแสงแดด
• มองข้ามความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างแสงแดดกับโรคต่างๆ
• ไม่ซักประวัติเรื่องการรับแสงแดด
• ละเลยการประเมินวิถีชีวิตที่หลีกเลี่ยงแสงแดด

ผลกระทบต่อการรักษา

• การรักษาที่ไม่มีประสิทธิภาพ
• การใช้ยาเกินความจำเป็น
• ค่าใช้จ่ายที่สูงขึ้นโดยไม่จำเป็น
• ผลข้างเคียงจากการรักษาที่ไม่เหมาะสม

• การรักษาที่ไม่แก้ปัญหาที่สาเหตุ

• ปัญหาสุขภาพที่ตามมา

• โรคขาดวิตามินดีที่เพิ่มขึ้น
• ปัญหาสุขภาพจิตจากการหลีกเลี่ยงแสงแดด
• ภาวะแทรกซ้อนจากการใช้ยาระยะยาว
• คุณภาพชีวิตที่ลดลง

ผลกระทบต่อสุขภาพจากความกลัวแดด

• ปัญหาการขาดวิตามินดี
• การระบาดของภาวะขาดวิตามินดีในประชากร
• ผลกระทบต่อสุขภาพกระดูก
• ความเสี่ยงต่อโรคภูมิแพ้และภูมิคุ้มกัน

• ปัญหาสุขภาพจิตที่เพิ่มขึ้น

• ผลกระทบทางสังคมและจิตใจ

• ความวิตกกังวลเกี่ยวกับการออกนอกบ้าน
• การจำกัดกิจกรรมกลางแจ้ง
• ความเครียดจากการต้องดูแลผิวมากเกินไป
• ค่าใช้จ่ายที่สูงขึ้นจากผลิตภัณฑ์ป้องกันแดด

การแก้ไขความเข้าใจผิด

• การให้ข้อมูลที่สมดุล
• นำเสนอทั้งประโยชน์และความเสี่ยง
• แนะนำวิธีการรับแดดที่ปลอดภัย
• สร้างความเข้าใจเรื่องความพอดี

• ให้ความรู้เรื่องการป้องกันที่เหมาะสม

• การปรับเปลี่ยนทัศนคติ

• เปลี่ยนจากการ "กลัวแดด" เป็น "เข้าใจแดด"
• สร้างความตระหนักถึงความสำคัญของแสงแดดต่อสุขภาพ
• ส่งเสริมการใช้ชีวิตที่สมดุลกับธรรมชาติ
• ลดอิทธิพลของค่านิยมผิวขาว

หลักการรับแสงแดดที่ถูกต้องตามแนวทางเฮลิโอเทอราปี

ระยะเวลาและความถี่

• เริ่มจากวันละ 10-15 นาที
• ค่อยๆ เพิ่มเวลา

วิธีการที่ถูกต้อง

• เปิดผิวให้สัมผัสแดดพอประมาณ
• ไม่ใช้สารกันแดด
• สังเกตการตอบสนองของร่างกาย
• ปรับตามสภาพอากาศและฤดูกาล

การประยุกต์ใช้เฮลิโอเทอราปีในชีวิตประจำวัน

กิจกรรมที่แนะนำ

• เดินเช้าหรือเย็น
• ทำสวนในช่วงเวลาที่เหมาะสม
• ออกกำลังกายกลางแจ้งเบาๆ

การผสมผสานกับการดูแลสุขภาพอื่นๆ

• การออกกำลังกาย
• การทำสมาธิกลางแจ้ง
• การทำกิจกรรมผ่อนคลาย

บทสรุป: กลับสู่สมดุลธรรมชาติ

เฮลิโอเทอราปีไม่เพียงเป็นการรักษาโรค แต่ยังเป็นแนวทางในการดูแลสุขภาพแบบองค์รวม การเข้าใจหลักการของเฮลิโอเทอราปีช่วยให้เราตระหนักว่า แสงแดดเป็นส่วนสำคัญของชีวิตที่สมดุล การหวนกลับมาใส่ใจการรับแสงแดดอย่างถูกวิธี จึงเป็นก้าวสำคัญสู่การมีสุขภาพที่ดีอย่างยั่งยืน

แสงแดดเป็น "เพื่อน" ไม่ใช่ "ศัตรู" ของสุขภาพ หากรู้จักใช้ให้เหมาะสม

Don’t trust , (must) Verify

ศึกษาเพิ่มเติมเรื่อง Heliotherapy : https://youtu.be/q5EX5XrR-2A

...................................... ข้อมูลสุขภาพดีๆที่ไม่มีค่าใช้จ่าย https://www.youtube.com/@fastingfatdentist . หากสนใจวิธีการดูแลสุขภาพตามแบบ IFF ปรึกษาส่วนตัว inbox มาสอบถามที่เพจ"หมออ้วนในดงลดน้ำหนัก"หรือ" fastingfatdentist"ได้เลยครับ .

ความน่ากลัวในการดูแลสุขภาพคือการที่เชื่อโดยไม่มีความรู้ .

.

IFF #IFF_talk #intermittentfasting #keto #Lowcarb #CD #plantbased #RemissionDiabetes #ร่างกายเราคือธรรมชาติไม่ใช่ยา #เบาหวานหายได้โดยไม่ต้องใช้ยา #หมอไหวของหมอแบบนี

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

requesthub.xyz

An app that was supposed to be some kind of declarative connector between two services, one that sent webhooks and the other that accepted HTTP requests of any kind. You would proxy and transform the webhooks using RequestHub and create a new request to the other service using that data.

The transformations were declared in the almighty jq language.

It worked and had other functions planned for the future, but I guess it was too arcane, even I was confused by it sometimes.

Also it was very prone to spam (involuntary) attacks like some that did happen. Maybe it would work better in a world of anonymous satoshi payments.

Later I tried to revive it as a Trello Power-Up that would create comments on cards automatically according to some transformation rules and webhooks received.

• requesthub.xyz
• https://github.com/fiatjaf/requesthub.xyz
• https://github.com/fiatjaf/requesthub-trello

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

IPFS problems: Conceit

IPFS is trying to do many things. The IPFS leaders are revolutionaries who think they're smarter than the rest of the entire industry.

The fact that they've first proposed a protocol for peer-to-peer distribution of immutable, content-addressed objects, then later tried to fix that same problem using their own half-baked solution (IPNS) is one example.

Other examples are their odd appeal to decentralization in a very non-specific way, their excessive flirtation with Ethereum and their never-to-be-finished can-never-work-as-advertised Filecoin project.

They could have focused on just making the infrastructure for distribution of objects through hashes (not saying this would actually be a good idea, but it had some potential) over a peer-to-peer network, but in trying to reinvent the entire internet they screwed everything up.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

notes on "Economic Action Beyond the Extent of the Market", Per Bylund

Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7St6pCipCB0

Markets work by dividing labour, but that's not as easy as it seems in the Adam Smith's example of a pin factory, because

1. a pin factory is not a market, so there is some guidance and orientation, some sort of central planning, inside there that a market doesn't have;
2. it is not clear how exactly the production process will be divided, it is not obvious as in "you cut the thread, I plug the head".

Dividing the labour may produce efficiency, but it also makes each independent worker in the process more fragile, as they become dependent on the others.

This is partially solved by having a lot of different workers, so you do not depend on only one.

If you have many, however, they must agree on where one part of the production process starts and where it ends, otherwise one's outputs will not necessarily coincide with other's inputs, and everything is more-or-less broken.

That means some level of standardization is needed. And indeed the market has constant incentives to standardization.

The statist economist discourse about standardization is that only when the government comes with a law that creates some sort of standardization then economic development can flourish, but in fact the market creates standardization all the time. Some examples of standardization include:

• programming languages, operating systems, internet protocols, CPU architectures;
• plates, forks, knifes, glasses, tables, chairs, beds, mattresses, bathrooms;
• building with concrete, brick and mortar;
• money;
• musical instruments;
• light bulbs;
• CD, DVD, VHS formats and others alike;
• services that go into every production process, like lunch services, restaurants, bakeries, cleaning services, security services, secretaries, attendants, porters;
• multipurpose steel bars;
• practically any tool that normal people use and require a little experience to get going, like a drilling machine or a sanding machine; etc.

Of course it is not that you find standardization in all places. Specially when the market is smaller or new, standardization may have not arrived.

There remains the truth, however, that division of labour has the potential of doing good.

More than that: every time there are more than one worker doing the same job in the same place of a division of labour chain, there's incentive to create a new subdivision of labour.

From the fact that there are at least more than one person doing the same job as another in our society we must conclude that someone must come up with an insight about an efficient way to divide the labour between these workers (and probably actually implement it), that hasn't happened for all kinds of jobs.

But to come up with division of labour outside of a factory, some market actors must come up with a way of dividing the labour, actually, determining where will one labour stop and other start (and that almost always needs some adjustments and in fact extra labour to hit the tips), and also these actors must bear the uncertainty and fragility that division of labour brings when there are not a lot of different workers and standardization and all that.

In fact, when an entrepreneur comes with a radical new service to the market, a service that does not fit in the current standard of division of labour, he must explain to his potential buyers what is the service and how the buyer can benefit from it and what he will have to do to adapt its current production process to bear with that new service. That's has happened not long ago with

• services that take food orders from the internet and relay these to the restaurants;
• hostels for cheap accommodation for young travellers;
• Uber, Airbnb, services that take orders and bring homemade food from homes to consumers and similars;
• all kinds of software-as-a-service;
• electronic monitoring service for power generators;
• mining planning and mining planning software; and many other industry-specific services.

See also

• Profits, not wages, as the originary factor
• Per Bylund's insight

@ 9d92077c:38d27146

Written by Acea Spades, Caffeinated Tech Officer @ Conduit BTC https://primal.net/AceaSpades nostr:npub1xzrkzsrnr83vn7h0udq6tnapwpswy5equlrtkn3nu0e0anlmzynqne0qap

Editing and feedback by Eric FJ, Caffeinated Operating Officer @ Conduit BTC https://primal.net/EricFJ nostr:npub10xvczstpwsljy7gqd2cselvrh5e6mlerep09m8gff87avru0ryqsg2g437

NIP-15 enables a new architectural paradigm in e-commerce. Every piece of data is distributed across a network of relays, adding resiliency and redundancy. Every piece of sensitive data is encrypted in-transit and at-rest, accessible only to Customer and Merchant. Communications and e-commerce activities use an inbox/outbox model across relays. This gives both the Customer and Merchant freedom to choose the digital environment for their shared activities.

This also introduces a host of fun and exciting new issues, such as stale data, relay mismatches, unreachable Customers/Merchants, disappearing messages, and this pesky direct message checkout system.

Platforms like Wordpress, Shopify, and Etsy have democratized the space of e-commerce, made it easy to onboard as a Merchant, and smooth to transact as a Customer. But these systems require centralized servers, siloed data stores, unclear third-party visibility, and possess no protocol-level mechanism for connection with a larger network.

NIP-15: Nostr Marketplaces enables Merchants and Customers to transact directly using the Nostr protocol. It enables a resilient, decentralized presence of Products, and a way to purchase them. It adds privacy and encryption to all correspondence, automatically. Both parties gain the amazing features of Nostr, out-of-the-box. However, the current implementation of the protocol has much to be desired.

Our team at Conduit BTC is focusing our efforts on resolving the shortcomings of the current system. Our mission is to push Nostr E-Commerce forward and help it evolve into a top-quality online retail experience for all.

But to get there, we've got to do some housekeeping.

Let's start with the checkout problem...

---

Checkout: A Problem

The current state of Nostr E-Commerce is, to put it lightly, lacking in real-world viability.

If I want to purchase a Product, my Nostr client sends a direct message to the Merchant. When they see the message appear, the Merchant generates an invoice, sends it back, waits for payment, then performs the fulfillment steps that their unique businesses requires.

While that might look good on paper, there's some unfortunate implications for both the Merchant and Customer experience. Let's explore some negatives.

NIP-15 uses direct messages to exchange Checkout events between Customer and Merchant. Any Nostr client that doesn't handle NIP-15 events will display the order in good ol' JSON:

{ "id": "ord_cust_1234567890abcdef", "type": 0, "name": "Jane Smith", "address": "123 Mountain View Dr, Boulder, CO 80302", "message": "Looking forward to using these boots on my upcoming hike!", "contact": { "nostr": "7f3b5f21c9880ce33043478436487435878934578934589345893458934", "phone": "+1 303-555-0123", "email": "jane.smith@email.com" }, "items": [ { "product_id": "boot_model_789xyz", "quantity": 1 } ], "shipping_id": "zone_us_rocky_mountain" }

Imagine parsing through that every time you get an order.

Most clients won't separate these ugly JSON orders from human-speak messages. These orders will be side-by-side with all other conversations, spamming your inbox.

Since the order message needs the Merchant to receive it, generate an invoice by-hand, then send the invoice back, the Bitcoin-based price might fluctuate. This could mean lowering the transaction value for the Merchant or increasing expected cost for the Customer. There's also a higher chance of invoice expiration for Merchants with a smaller risk window against Bitcoin's volatile price.

While Lightning payment processors (Strike, BTCPay Server, etc) send webhooks when funds are received, typical commerce systems don't have a way to communicate with Nostr relays. Product details on-relay aren't auto-updated with current stock, leading Customers placing orders for out-of-stock items.

And, the Merchant has to manually send shipment details in a direct message to the Customer; another manual step in the checkout flow.

Long story short, it's simply not functional for a Merchant to complete the entire series of checkout steps as-described by NIP-15, at-scale for real-world e-commerce, by hand.

To summarize the challenges we must overcome:

• Merchant experience friction: Manual steps require time per order multiplied by their unique business operation's requirements.
• Spammed inbox: Non-relevant JSON messages fill the Merchant's inbox.
• Fulfillment delays: Checkout flow is delayed until several manual steps are completed by both parties.
• Price fluctuations: Time between order placed and invoice paid leads to possible price fluctuation, impacting Merchant or Customer expectations
• Invoice expirations: Time between invoice generation and payment increases chance of expiration
• In-Stock Mismatches: Relays may have incorrect inventory stock, leading to failed orders and customer inconvenience.

With these points considered, a "real-world" checkout process requires automation. Coordination between inventory, payments, fulfillment, and Customer communication, should take place by an automatic process.

To that effect, we at Conduit BTC propose a solution. We call it the Nostr Commerce Coordinator.

The Case for Coordinators

An NCC (Nostr Commerce Coordinator) is a server-based Nostr bot that: - Is under control of, and represents, the Merchant on Nostr - Subscribes to a relay pool - Posts and queries NIP-15 events - Coordinates the NIP-15 Checkout process on behalf of a Merchant: - Inventory Management: verify, increment, and decrement product stock, create and update Stalls and Products on relays via signed events - Payment Processing: generate Lightning invoices, send invoice to customer, respond to payment events via webhook - Fulfillment Services: create shipments, notify fulfillment partners Handles Checkout-related communications with the Customer Notifies the Merchant when certain things occur Collect sales-relates metrics for Merchant visibility

To summarize the benefits of an NCC: - Automated, frictionless checkout flow - Direct integration with Merchant's existing e-commerce stack: inventory management, payment processing, and shipping service - Separation of Checkout-related direct messages (containing ugly JSON) from actual human readable direct messages - General separation-of-concerns between Merchant's social graph and e-commerce activities - Ability to implement additional commerce features, such as metrics collection, financial statements, subscriptions, and much more yet-to-be explored possibilities

Where do I put my private key?

There's one violation of Nostr pleb sensibility that, at first glance, might seem required for the NCC equation to work: putting a Merchant account's private key in the hands of a cloud-based server.

Obviously, we don't want our private keys stored on a cloud-based server.

To overcome this, there's the option to use an nsec Bunker (with supported clients). Using an Nsec bunker would more-safely store our private keys, granting both sign-and-decrypt access to the server. It's a great solution.

However, we'll explain a couple of reasons why using the Merchant account with an Nsec bunker for checkout fulfillment may not be right for most use cases:

• All checkout messages would spam the Merchant account with non-social direct messages. For popular Merchants, this will increase friction for both fulfilling orders and engaging with Customers. This can be resolved by clients enabling NIP-15 message sorting, but it's likely that most clients will still display an inbox filled with socially-irrelevant messages.
• Both business and social activities would be strongly coupled. Stalls, Products, and Orders are managed by the same keypair that the Merchant's social graph is tied to. A leaked key has the potential to bring the entire business operation to a halt, social presence included.

There is, however, an alternative to using the Merchant account for checkout resolution. And, it works great with nsecBunkers, too.

We're now going to explore the use of a utility keypair, a Nostr account generated specifically for assisting the primary account holder in any number of tasks. We'll explore utility keypairs in greater detail through a paradigm we call Merchant Delegation.

Merchant Delegation

In the Merchant Delegation paradigm, a different Nostr keypair effectively controls all commerce-related events on behalf of the Merchant. The delegated account creates every Stall and Product, receives all Checkout events, and handles checkout-related communication with the Customer.

The Merchant signs a Merchant Delegate Token, which is placed in a tag on every event signed by the delegate account. Clients parse the tag, verify the signature is valid, and cause non-checkout events to target the Delegator automatically.

As an extra layer of validation, a NIP-05 identifier may be included. When an identifier is present, clients will verify its validity, and reject delegation if the Npub is not properly identified. This provides the ability to invalidate the delegation, if need be.

When coupled with an NCC, the Merchant Delegation paradigm really begins to shine.

For the mindful Merchant who doesn't want to use their main account for checkout activities, Merchant Delegation is the answer. For wary Merchants who want to keep their private keys off-cloud, an NCC can use a utility keypair and act on behalf of the Merchant through Merchant Delegation.

For the rest of this article, we will refer to this utility keypair as the NCC Account, while calling the Merchant's primary Nostr account the Merchant Root Account.

When an order is placed, the NCC automatically fetches the incoming message, decrypts it, parses the order, generates an invoice, and sends it to the Customer. A Customer can place an order, then receive an invoice in seconds.

Once paid, the payment processor's webhook notifies the NCC. The NCC decrements stock in the inventory management system, posts a Product Update event across the relay pool, then forwards the paid order to the fulfillment service.

NCCs can optionally keep a copy of every event they've handled. This enables local persistence and immediate access to important events without requiring re-retrieval from relays. A locally-kept reconstruction of the entire e-commerce activity graph. This can be useful for keeping order history, assisting Customer support, generating sales reports and financial records, etc.

All the while, the Merchant's Root Account remains free to engage solely in social graph activities (ie. posting short-form / long-form content creation and engagement, non-checkout communications with Customers, etc), without the checkout-related events spamming their inbox.

In this way, the NCC becomes the bridge between the Nostr protocol and the Merchant's e-commerce systems. The Merchant freed from manual checkout management, and gain a piece of extendable software that can meet many of their needs as a Nostr-based business.

NIP-15 Amendment - Merchant Delegate Tag Spec

In order to separate the social graph from checkout activities, an amendment to the NIP-15 spec has been proposed: https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/pull/1648.

To use Merchant Delegation Tags:

• Clients MUST treat events with a merchant-delegation tag in the following manner:
  • Validate the delegation token signature
  • If retarget_while< and/or retarget_while> is present in the conditions query string, only perform event re-targeting within the given time window
  • If nip_05_identifier is present in the conditions query string, only perform re-targeting if the Npub of the event's creator is verifiable as-per the NIP-05 spec
• Clients SHOULD display a relevant visual indicator that a Stall and/or Product's Checkout process is handled by a Merchant Delegate.

Merchant Delegation tags are described as follows: json [ "merchant-delegation", <pubkey of the delegator>, <conditions query string>, <delegation token: 64-byte Schnorr signature of the sha256 hash of the delegation string> ]

The merchant-delegation token should be a 64-byte Schnorr signature of the sha256 hash of the following string: nostr:delegation:<pubkey of publisher (delegatee)>:\<conditions query string>

To keep this article concise, we have omitted most of the proposal details. The above may be deprecated. See the link to the PR to read the complete and up-to-date spec.

Merchant Delegate NCC Tags In-Action

On a NIP-15 enabled clients that adhere to this spec, the experience would be as follows:

---

UX: A Product for sale, in a Stall, by Merchant (Root Account)

Nostr: Kind 30017 (Set Stall) and 30018 (Set Product) events signed by the NCC Account, with a "merchant-delegation" tag pointing to the Merchant Root Account.

---

UX: Select this Product for purchase, fill in the appropriate details on a Checkout Form, then click "Buy Now".

Nostr: Client creates a direct message addressed to the NCC Account. NCC server generates a Lightning invoice for this order, and sends it back immediately as a direct message addressed to the Customer

---

UX: Customer receives a Lightning Invoice from NCC Account, then pays the invoice.

Lightning + Nostr: NCC receives a webhook message from its Payment Processor, indicating payment was received. NCC sends a direct message to the Customer indicating Order Confirmation. Any time there are shipping updates from the Shipping Service, NCC will send additional direct messages to the Customer; in the case of digital goods, the order will be fulfilled as-appropriate for the business use case.

---

UX: From the same Product's details page, the Customer will see the Product is sold by the Merchant Root Account, with a visual indicator stating the Checkout process is managed by NCC. Customer clicks Follow. Customer zaps the Merchant 100 sats. Customer sends a direct message to the Merchant to thank them for the excellent service.

Nostr: Product and Stall are both created by the NCC Account, Follow, Zap, and Direct Message events all target the Merchant Root Account.

---

Additional Features

Private Key Watchman

As an additional feature of an NCC, we get "for free" a server can match on-relay events with locally-stored events to detect unauthorized events signed with its private key. The underlying issue corresponding to the leak could then be investigated. A rare instance, but a powerful tool for account safety.

If an unauthorized event were discovered, the NCC can respond in a number of ways, chosen by the Merchant, which may include:

• "Purge and replace": Send NIP-09 Event Deletion Requests to every relay in the pool for every existing Stall and Product. Generate a new keypair, recreate the Stalls and Products, then propagate them to all relays. Notify the Merchant that a purge took place.

• "Purge, then notify": Perform a full purge, then notify Merchant. Useful in scenarios where the running server may have become compromised.

• "Notify, then purge": Notify the Merchant. Unless cancelled within a set amount of time, perform a purge.

• "Just notify": Notify the Merchant that one or more events were signed with the NCC secret key outside of the NCC server. Useful if the Merchant chooses to use the NCC's utility keypair in other clients.

Following a purge, the Merchant (or NCC automatically) would then generate a new keypair / NCC Account, then republish all Stalls and Products. Commerce would continue uninterrupted with an uncompromised Merchant social graph. Through Merchant Delegate tags, clients would still properly route Customer interactions through to the proper systems.

There's a lot of conversation happening at Conduit BTC about this particular feature, and how we can "watch the watchman" by providing additional layers of security to the server itself. This is an ongoing discussion, and we'd love for you to be a part of it. Visit the Discussions tab on on C3: The Conduit Commerce Coordinator Repo, and let's chat about it.

Stall and Product Management

Stall and Product Management could be handled from a web UI served by the NCC, instead of solely within the external Inventory Management service.

Note: if the "leaked key protection" guard was in place, it would actually be necessary to either use the web UI to manage products, or temporarily disable the guard, to prevent NCC from becoming angry and initiating (or threatening) a purge. Yikes.

Subscriptions

In the future, the NIP-15 spec can be updated to include a Subscription event type, indicating that the Customer would like to repeat the same order one or more times.

The NCC can automatically send the subscribing Customer their next order's payment notice. Accepting the notice (via direct message response, following a URL, etc.) generates an invoice on-the-spot.

Direct Messaging

A direct message client could be placed into the web UI, for passing Checkout-related messages to the Customer, instead of using the Merchant Root account and splitting order-specific conversation into two threads.

Drawbacks

If the NCC were taken offline, then Customer's order messages would accumulate without automatic resolution.

However, like an escalator conveniently becoming stairs when not functioning properly, Customer orders continue to accumulate on-relay, awaiting the deployment of another NCC, or manual resolution. As long as the NCC Account's private key is safely stored away, it can be loaded into another NCC or Nostr client at any time.

A serious drawback to the current NIP-15 spec is using NIP-04 Encrypted Direct Messages for checkout events. Luckily, we've already opened a PR to improve that: https://github.com/amunrarara/nips/blob/patch-1/15.md

Conclusion

Without a system capable of automating the process between a Customer's intent to purchase and a Merchant's acceptance, e-commerce on Nostr will not grow beyond small sales plagued with high-friction manual checkout steps.

This proposal contains the groundwork for a new type of Nostr bot. A Nostr bot whose core function is handling NIP-15 checkout events automatically on behalf of a Merchant.

We've included many implementation possibilities, which the community may explore, innovate, and perfect.

To recap, concepts introduced in this article were: - Nostr Commerce Coordinators - Utility keypair accounts - Merchant Delegation

This is an ongoing conversation, and we'd love to have your feedback and participation in making Nostr E-Commerce an incredible experience for all.

We hope that this new software and NIP proposal will improve the experience for all of us on Nostr. Join us on this adventure into a new frontier in decentralized online e-commerce.

---

Conduit BTC has begun development on the first Nostr Commerce Coordinator, which we call C3: The Conduit Commerce Coordinator. This is, of course, an open-source project - as everything we do will be.

Follow, star, share, and join the discussion on Github: https://github.com/Conduit-BTC/conduit-commerce-coordinator

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Veterano não é dono de bixete

"VETERANO NÃO É DONO DE BIXETE". A frase em letras garrafais chama a atenção dos transeuntes neófitos. Paira sobre um cartaz amarelo que lista várias reclamações contra os "trotes machistas", que, na opinião do responsável pelo cartaz, "não é brincadeira, é opressão".

Eis aí um bizarro exemplo de como são as coisas: primeiro todos os universitários aprovam a idéia do trote, apoiam sua realização e até mesmo desejam sofrer o trote -- com a condição de o poderem aplicar eles mesmos depois --, louvam as maravilhas do mundo universitário, onde a suprema sabedoria se esconde atrás de rituais iniciáticos fora do alcance da imaginação do homem comum e rude, do pobre e do filhinho-de-papai das faculdades privadas; em suma: fomentam os mais baixos, os mais animalescos instintos, a crueldade primordial, destroem em si mesmos e nos colegas quaisquer valores civilizatórios que tivessem sobrado ali, ficando todos indistingüíveis de macacos agressivos e tarados.

Depois vêm aí com um cartaz protestar contra os assédios -- que sem dúvida acontecem em larguíssima escala -- sofridos pelas calouras de 17 anos e que, sendo também novatas no mundo universitário, ainda conservam um pouco de discernimento e pudor.

A incompreensão do fenômeno, porém, é tão grande, que os trotes não são identificados como um problema mental, uma doença que deve ser tratada e eliminada, mas como um sintoma da opressão machista dos homens às mulheres, um produto desta civilização paternalista que, desde que Deus é chamado "o Pai" e não "a Mãe", corrompe a benéfica, pura e angélica natureza do homem primitivo e o torna esta tão torpe criatura.

Na opinião dos autores desse cartaz é preciso, pois, continuar a destruir o que resta da cultura ocidental, e então esperar que haja trotes menos opressores.

@ 8947a945:9bfcf626

นายหน้าสอบตก กับ เกือบขาดทุนจากคอนโด

ใครยังไม่ได้อ่านตอนที่แล้วแนะนำให้กลับไปอ่านก่อนนะครับ เพราะเนื้อหาต่อเนื่องกันหมด ผมรวบรวมไว้ใน Curation นี้แล้วครับ (TH)Real Estate Journey

---

หลังจากที่ผมเคลียร์ปัญหา บ้าน2 และ บ้าน3 ได้แล้ว ผมกับภรรยาติดตามดูสถานการณ์อย่างใกล้ชิด เมื่อผู้เช่าไม่มีปัญหา มีความเป็นอยู่อาศัยที่ดี จ่ายค่าเช่าตรงเวลาโดยไม่ต้องทวงถาม สามารถปล่อยให้บ้านสองหลังนี้ run ได้ด้วยตัวเอง ถือว่าภารกิจเสร็จสิ้นปล่อยเป็น passive income ได้

ผมเปิด Youtube “Kim property live” พูดถึงเรื่องการลงทุนในอสังหาที่ได้ผลตอบแทนสูง เป็นคอนโดที่อยู่ใกล้กับมหาวิทยาลัย (Campus condo) ผลตอบแทนการลงทุน range 5 - 8% ซึ่งถือว่าโคตรสูง ผมทำการบ้านหาข้อมูลเพิ่มก็ได้พบกับคอนโดใกล้กับมหาวิทยาลัยมหิดลศาลายา จังหวัดนครปฐมครับ

จังหวัดนครปฐม

ตั้งแต่ปี 2565 เป็นต้นมา นครปฐมเป็นจุดยุทธศาสตร์เมืองขยายที่สอดไปกับนโยบายภาครัฐบาลในการขยายเศรษฐกิจ โครงการก่อสร้างมอเตอร์เวย์เชื่อมภาคตะวันตกกับนิคมอุตสาหกรรมภาคตะวันออก จังหวัดที่เป็นตัวเชื่อมได้แก่ กาญจนบุรี นครปฐม ราชบุรี นนทบุรี ราคาที่ดินและอสังหาในจังหวัดดังกล่าวมีมูลค่าเพิ่มขึ้น และเป็นที่ต้องการของ developer หลายจ้าว นครปฐมที่ห่างจากกรุงเทพประมาณ 20 กิโลเมตรนิดๆ กลายเป็นทำเลทอง (Prime area)ไปเลยครับ

สิ่งที่เกิดการเปลี่ยนแปลงในจังหวัดนี้ในช่วง 10 ปีที่ผ่านมาคือ - อสังหาเพิ่มขึ้นมาก มีหลาย sector ตั้งแต่รุ่นประหยัดไปจนถึง super luxury - พื้นที่การเกษตรทุ่งนา กลายเป็นโรงงาน - บ้านจัดสรรสมัยใหม่แทรกตัวกลมกลืนกับชุมชนต่างจังหวัดดั้งเดิม - แฟรนไชส์แห่กันเปิดตัว - ห้างเซนทรัลศาลายา และ เซนทรัลนครปฐมเปิดตัว - คาเฟ่แหล่งดึงดูดนักท่องเที่ยวใหม่ๆเปิดกิจการ

ภรรยาผมเป็นคนนครปฐม รู้จักพื้นที่ดี เราตัดสินใจขับรถเล่นไปดูสถานที่ ไปสำรวจว่ามีทำเลไหนน่าสนใจบ้าง ผมเน้นนะครับ “ขับรถเล่นเฉยๆ” แต่ดันได้คอนโดกลับมาห้องนึงแบบไม่ทันตั้งตัว

โครงการเคฟ ศาลายา (Kave Salaya)

อยู่ห่างจากมหาวิทยาลัยมหิดลศาลายาประมาณ 1 กิโลเมตรนิดๆเท่านั้นครับ เป็นห้องชั้น 6 ห้องริม ขนาด 32 ตร.ม. หันหลังให้ถนน วิวทางรถไฟและพื้นที่สีเขียว ไม่มีทางที่จะมีตึกสูงบัง ลมเข้าทั้งวัน แสงธรรมชาติเข้าตลอด ให้ความรู้สึกปลอดโปร่ง ห้องดูดีมากๆ แต่ก็น่าแปลกใจที่หลุดมาถึงผมได้ ไม่มีใครซื้อไปก่อน

ความรู้สึกของผมตอนนั้นคือทั้งกล้าและกลัวไปพร้อมๆกัน "ผมพึ่งผ่อน zeen condo หมดได้ประมาณครึ่งปี จะต้องเป็นหนี้อสังหาอีกรอบเหรอเนี่ย" แต่ครอบครัวผมทำการบ้าน ศึกษาลงพื้นที่จริง คำนวณมาหมดแล้ว ได้ข้อสรุปว่า การลงทุนครั้งนี้คุ้มค่า ความเสี่ยงต่ำ ผมยืนกู้ธนาคารซื้อคอนโดครับ ครั้งนี้ทำให้ผมมี contact ผู้จัดการสินเชื่อระดับสูงของธนาคารเพิ่มอีกท่านนึงครับ

"กลัวเป็นหนี้ แต่จำกัดความเสี่ยงด้วยความรู้ ความเข้าใจ"

กระบวนการตรวจรับห้องเสร็จสิ้น ผมได้ครอบครอง Kave Salaya ในวันที่ 16 พฤษภาคม 2567 ครับ ตกแต่งอีกประมาณ 1 เดือน ห้องก็พร้อมให่เช่า

เทรนคอนโดสมัยนี้ ทางโครงการจะมีบริษัทเอเจนซี่เป็นของตัวเอง หรือไม่ก็ out source ทำหน้าที่เป็นนายหน้าหาผู้เช่า หรือช่วยเจ้าของห้องที่อยากขายห้อง บริการครบวงจร อำนวยความสะดวกให้แก่นักลงทุนที่ไม่มีเวลา หากมีลูกค้า walk in เข้ามาหาห้องเช่า ทางเอเจนซี่จะรับหน้าที่ดูแล แยกหน้าที่กับนิติบุคคลชัดเจน

ผมไม่เคยลองใช้บริการนายหน้ามาก่อน ไม่ลองก็ไม่รู้ ผมจึงให้นายหน้าทำการตลาดหาผู้เช่าคอนโดห้องนี้ทันทีครับ

"เมื่อได้ครอบครองทรัพย์ ต้องปล่อยเช่าให้เร็วที่สุด ในสภาพที่ดี มันคือโอกาสทางธุรกิจ ยิ่งช้า เราจะเจ๊งเอง แต่ต้องไม่รีบเกินไป เอาสภาพทรัพย์ที่ไม่ได้เรื่องมาขายลูกค้า"

นายหน้าคนนี้ทำการตลาดได้เร็ว ผ่านไป 2 วัน มีลูกค้ามาดูห้องทันที … ฟังดูดีใช่มั้ยครับ แต่… สอบตกครับ

เวลาผมเลือกนายหน้ามาทำการตลาดให้ ผมจะบอกจุดขายของห้องผมทั้งหมด และคาดหวังว่านายหน้าจะเป็นคนขายของแทนเจ้าของห้องได้

วันที่นายหน้าพาลูกค้ามาดูสิ่งที่เขาทำคือ เปิดประตูแล้วยืนอยู่นอกห้อง... ให้ลูกค้าเข้าไปดูเอง ไม่นำเสนอ ไม่พรีเซ้นท์ ไม่ขายของใดๆเลย ยืนนิ่งๆ หงายสัญญาณมือเชิญลูกค้าเข้าชมอย่างเดียว พอลูกค้าดูห้องจนถึงระยะเวลานึง เขาก็พาไปทำสัญญาเช่า รับค่านายหน้าจากเช่าของทรัพย์

แบบนี้ไม่ผ่านครับ ผมเลยทำการตลาดเอง บอกเลิกนายหน้าไป วันสุดท้ายที่ผมมาเดินดูความเรียบร้อยหลังจากผู้รับเหมาย้ายอุปกรณ์ออกไปหมดแล้ว มานั่่งพักที่ lobby ของตัวตึก เจอฝรั่งชาวต่างชาติท่านนึงเดินดุ่มๆเข้ามาถามนิติบุคคล

Excuse me .. Do you have a room for rent? (สวัสดีครับ มีห้องว่างให้เช่าไหมครับ)

ผมนี่หูผึ่งเลย

แต่ผมไม่ได้รีบกระโจนใส่ลูกค้า ผมนั่งดูทีท่าก่อน เพราะผมรู้ว่าทางนิติบุคคลจะต้องบอกให้ติดต่อนายหน้าที่นั่งอยู่โต๊ะใกล้ๆแทน แต่ตอนนั้นเป็นวันหยุดของนายหน้าพอดี ฝรั่งท่านนั้นก็นั่งจ๋อยๆหน่อย ผมเลยเดินเข้าไปคุย พาดูห้องครับ ตกลงค่าเช่า 11000 บาท/เดือน เป็นะระยะเวลา 1 ปี แต่นี่คือความผิดพลาดของผมที่อยากนำมาเล่าสู่กันฟังครับ

ฝรั่งที่มาดูห้อง (ผมขอเรียกว่าคุณ B) ไม่ได้เป็นคนเข้าอยู่เอง แต่หาห้องให้เพื่อนเขาที่ยังอยู่ต่างประเทศ (ขอเรียกว่าคุณ K)

วันที่ทำสัญญากัน คุณ B เซ็นต์สัญญาแทนคุณ K และโอนค่าเช่าล่วงหน้าให้ตามเงื่อนไข คุณ B อยู่ที่ไทยมานาน มีงานทำ มีนายจ้างชัดเจน แต่งงานมีครอบครัวกับคนไทย เขาสามารถเข้าถึง prompt pay ได้ ในขณะที่คุณ K เข้าประเทศด้วยวีซ่าท่องเที่ยว เขาเป็นวิศวกรทำงานอยู่บริษัทรถยนต์ยุโรปแต่ลาออกมาเพื่อเปิดธุรกิจออนไลน์ drop shipping เป็นของตัวเอง โดยเขาจะมาพักอยู่ที่ไทย 1 ปี เพื่อท้าทายตัวเองว่าจะทำธุรกิจสำเร็จมั้ย ถ้าสำเร็จเขาจะไม่หางานประจำอีกเลย แต่ถ้าไม่สำเร็จ จะกลับไปสมัครงานวิศวกรบริษัทรถยนต์อีกครั้ง เหตุการณ์นี้ทำให้คุณ K ไม่สามารถเข้าถึง prompt pay ได้

คุณ B video call ให้ผมคุยกับคุณ K ผมแจ้งว่าถ้าคุณ K เข้าประเทศมาเมื่อไหร่ ผมจะขอพบเนื่องจากนี่เป็นครั้งแรกของคุณ K ที่จะมาประเทศไทย ผมจะแนะนำเรื่องความเป็นอยู่ กฏระเบียบการเข้าพักคอนโด รวมถึงข้อตกลงในการใช้พื้นที่ส่วนกลางอื่นๆด้วย เนื่องจากวัฒนธรรมยุโรปกับเอเชียไม่เหมือนกัน เมื่อ confirm วันนัดกันได้ เราก็แยกย้ายกันไปครับ

แต่เมื่อถึงวันนัด ทั้งคุณ B และคุณ K หายไปเลย ติดต่อไม่ได้ ไม่มาตามนัด ไร้วี่แววไร้ร่องรอย ในห้องมีของใช้ส่วนตัวคุณ K ย้ายเข้ามาแล้ว ตอนนั้นผมไม่สามารถอยู่ตรงนั้นเพื่อรอได้ เนื่องจากผมกำลังจะซื้อคอนโดอีกห้องนึงใกล้ๆบริเวณนั้น จะต้องเข้าไปเซ็นต์สัญญาซื้อขายครับ

ในเมื่อเราติดต่อคุณ K ไม่ได้ ผมตัดสินใจเปิดเข้าห้องแล้วเขียน note ให้ติดต่อกลับ ผมไปกินข้าวและไปอีกคอนโดนึงเมื่อผมเซ็นต์เอกสารเรียบร้อย ทางนิติบุคคลของเคฟติดต่อมาว่าพบคุณ K แล้ว เขาต้องการเจอผมเช่นกัน ผมเลยเข้าไปพบ พูดคุย แนะนำตัวกันเป็นทางการครับ ทุกอย่างราบรื่นดี คุณ K ไม่สร้างปัญหาอะไร แต่ติดปัญหาเรื่องที่เขาไม่สามารถเข้าถึง prompt pay ได้ เวลาใช้จ่ายอะไรต้องรอคอยคุณ B ดำเนินการให้ เรื่องนี้ทำให้ผมกังวลใจไม่น้อยเวลาเขาจะจ่ายค่าน้ำค่าไฟค่าเนตและค่าห้อง

แต่สุดท้ายคุณ K มีเหตุจำเป็นต้องบินกลับประเทศครับ อาศัยอยู่แค่ 2 สัปดาห์ เขาบอกผมว่าให้เก็บเงินมัดจำไปเลย เขาเข้าใจดีว่าถ้าออกก่อนก็ต้องเสียเงินมัดจำไป ห้องมีรอยเปื้อนต้องเก็บสีใหม่ และผมตัดสินใจตกแต่งห้องขึ้นมาอีก step นึง ทำให้ได้กำไรเล็กน้อย เกือบเท่าทุนครับ

ข้อคิดและบทเรียน

• ถ้าผู้เช่าเป็นชาวช่างชาติ ควรเป็นคนที่มีนายจ้างไทย และวีซ่าทำงานที่ชัดเจน ถ้าเป็นนักท่องเที่ยวจะต้องยอมรับความเสี่ยง
• ขอพบผู้เช่าตัวจริง ถ้าผมย้อนเวลากลับไปได้ ผมจะไม่รีบร้อนทำสัญญากับคุณ B ผมจะรอคุณ K เดินทางมาแล้วทำสัญญา และระหว่างนั้นผมจะเรียกเก็บเงินค่าเช่าล่วงหน้า 1 เดือนเป็นการมัดจำว่าเขามาแน่
• เหมือนที่ผมเล่าไปแล้วเกี่ยวกับนายหน้า นายหน้าคนนี้สอบตกครับ ผมโชคดีที่วันที่นายหน้าพาลูกค้ามาดู ผมเห็นด้วยตาตัวเองว่านายหน้าบริการลูกค้าอย่างไร พูดหยาบๆก็คือ ถ้าจะทำหน้าที่แค่นี้ผมไม่จ้างคุณ ผมทำการตลาดเองได้หลังจากเก็บสีห้องใหม่ไม่ถึงสัปดาห์ก็ได้ผู้เช่าใหม่เป็นน้องนักศึกษาม.มหิดลครับ

เนื้อหาตอนต่อไป จะมาตามสัญญาครับ บ้าน1 ที่เป็น last boss และปัญหาจากผู้เช่าบ้าน2 ที่จุดจบหักมุมแบบไม่น่าเชื่อ รวมไปถึงการยอม stop loss ตัดแขนตัดขารักษาชีวิต ครับ ฝากติดตามด้วยครับ

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

A crappy zk-rollups explanation attempt

(Considering the example of zksync.io) (Also, don't believe me on any of this.)

1. They are sidechains.
2. You move tokens to the sidechain by depositing it on an Ethereum contract. Then your account is credited in the sidechain balance.
3. Then you can make payments inside the sidechain by signing transactions and sending them to a central operator.
4. The central operator takes transactions from a bunch of people, computes the new sidechain balances state and publishes a hash of that state to the Ethereum contract.
5. The idea is that a single transaction in the blockchain contains a bunch of sidechain transactions.
6. The operator also sends to the contract an abbreviated list of the sidechain transactions. The trick is making all signatures condensed in a single zero-knowledge proof which is enough for the contract to verify that the transition from the previous state to the new is good.
7. Apparently they can fit 500 sidechain transactions in one mainchain transaction (each is 12 bytes). So I believe it's fair to say all this zk-rollup fancyness could be translated into "a system for aggregating transactions".

8. I don't understand how the zero-knowledge proof works, but in this case it is a SNARK and requires a trusted setup, which I imagine is similar to this one.

9. On "zk-rollups" applied to Bitcoin

@ 812cff5a:5c40aeeb

هل تعلم أنك تستطيع التحكم بالمؤثرات المرئية على المسرح من خلال الزاپ؟!

عيش تجربية الحفلات من خلال نوستر! لا تفوتكم حفلة:

Sats ₿y SW a V4V WEEKEND

ستقام الحفلة على موقع tunestr.io

تاريخ ١٥ و١٧ ديسيمبر. satsbysw

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Eltoo

Read the paper, it's actually nice and small. You can read only everything up to section 4.2 and it will be enough. Done.

Ok, you don't want to. Or you tried but still want to read here.

Eltoo is a way of keeping payment channel state that works better than the original scheme used in Lightning. Since Lightning is a bunch of different protocols glued together, it can It replace just the part the previously dealed with keeping the payment channel.

Eltoo works like this: A and B want a payment channel, so they create a multisig transaction with deposits from both -- or from just one, doesn't matter. That transaction is only spendable if both cooperate. So if one of them is unresponsive or non-cooperative the other must have a way to get his funds back, so they also create an update transaction but don't publish it to the blockchain. That update transaction spends to a settlement transaction that then distributes the money back to A and B as their balances say.

If they are cooperative they can change the balances of the channel by just creating new update transactions and settlement transactions and number them like 1, 2, 3, 4 etc.

Solid arrows means a transaction is presigned to spend only that previous other transaction; dotted arrows mean it's a floating transaction that can spend any of the previous.

Why do they need and update and a settlement transaction?

Because if B publishes update2 (in which his balances were greater) A needs some time to publish update4 (the latest, which holds correct state of balances).

Each update transaction can be spent by any newer update transaction immediately or by its own specific settlement transaction only after some time -- or some blocks.

Hopefully you got that.

How do they close the channel?

If they're cooperative they can just agree to spend the funding transaction, that first multisig transaction I mentioned, to whatever destinations they want. If one party isn't cooperating the other can just publish the latest update transaction, wait a while, then publish its settlement transaction.

How is this better than the previous way of keeping channel states?

Eltoo is better because nodes only have to keep the last set of update and settlement transactions. Before they had to keep all intermediate state updates.

If it is so better why didn't they do it first?

Because they didn't have the idea. And also because they needed an update to the Bitcoin protocol that allowed the presigned update transactions to spend any of the previous update transactions. This protocol update is called SIGHASH_NOINPUT[^anyprevout], you've seen this name out there. By marking a transaction with SIGHASH_NOINPUT it enters a mystical state and becomes a floating transaction that can be bound to any other transaction as long as its unlocking script matches the locking script.

Why can't update2 bind itself to update4 and spend that?

Good question. It can. But then it can't anymore, because Eltoo uses OP_CHECKLOCKTIMEVERIFY to ensure that doesn't actually check not a locktime, but a sequence. It's all arcane stuff.

And then Eltoo update transactions are numbered and their lock/unlock scripts will only match if a transaction is being spent by another one that's greater than it.

Do Eltoo channels expire?

No.

What is that "on-chain protocol" they talk about in the paper?

That's just an example to guide you through how the off-chain protocol works. Read carefully or don't read it at all. The off-chain mechanics is different from the on-chain mechanics. Repeating: the on-chain protocol is useless in the real world, it's just a didactic tool.

[^anyprevout]: Later SIGHASH_NOINPUT was modified to fit better with Taproot and Schnorr signatures and renamed to SIGHASH_ANYPREVOUT.

@ 30ceb64e:7f08bdf5

Bitcoin is a medium of exchange, store of value, and unit of account. The unit of account piece really throws people through a loop.

Freaks say, but its too volatile, mimicking the financial advisors of yesteryear, not acknowledging the evident decay of their trusty accounting method, the method that dilutes your reality with the notion of inflation vs deflation. We live in a deflationary world, its only inflationary if your accounting metric sucks. If your not using bitcoin as a method to view prices, your method of viewing prices has been skewed, and skewed on purpose.

What's really interesting is how, our unit of measurement is exactly backwards. The fiat way of viewing finances is 180 degrees away from the reality of sound money price deflation that bitcoin brings. And at this point I would say that it is unstoppable. if your stacking bitcoin but pricing it in dollars and making dollar type moves, your stack will diminish due to your own inability to adapt. You'll give in to leverage schemes and strange loans, your attitude towards risk and gain will be off kilter. In a lot of cases people will fail to realize that they've already won, and now they just need to pull a satoshi, leave their life stacking to go on and do other things. We've been conditioned to be on a hamster wheel where we need to constantly think about growing our money at all cost and no matter how much we stack it will never be enough. I find bitcoin to be the exact opposite, where at some point, you might have stacked too much, you might find yourself with wealth so large that it breaks your mind, it might enlarge your ego, destroy your family. This sounds suspiciously like absolute power corrupts absolutely, which is something that I've become a bit more awry of, but to a certain extent......how much is enough anon? At what point does the ring of power consume you.

In conclusion "God Candle Approacheth" staying humble and stacking sats, while accounting for your stack in dollars, will give those freaks a rush of exhilaration unlike any they've likely had before. They will be awash in fortunes gained through the lazy doubt of haters, they will be vindicated and in most cases the fortune that they earned will be just and because they followed truth and because they had discipline and foresight and sugar and spice, and everything nice. The acceleration from lower middle class to top 1% will be a whiplash strong enough to sway the humbleness of most men.

In conclusion again (and hopefully this is the last one) Use bitcoin as a unit of account. You likely have already won the game. Stay humble and brace for impact on the moon.

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/809878

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

idea: Link sharing incentivized by satoshis

See https://2key.io/ and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CEwRv7qw4fY&t=192s.

I think the general idea is to make a self-serving automatic referral program for individual links, but I wasn't patient enough to deeply understand neither of the above ideas.

Solving fraud is an issue. People can fake clicks.

One possible solution is to track conversions instead of clicks, but then it's too complex as the receiving side must do stuff and be trusted to do it correctly.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Rede Relâmpago

Ao se referir à Lightning Network do O que é Bitcoin?, nós, brasileiros e portugueses, devemos usar o termo "Relâmpago" ou "Rede Relâmpago". "Relâmpago" é uma palavra bonita e apropriada, e fácil de pronunciar por todos os nossos compatriotas. Chega de anglicismos desnecessários.

Exemplo de uma conversa hipotética no Brasil usando esta nomenclatura:

– Posso pagar com Relâmpago?

– Opa, claro! Vou gerar um boleto aqui pra você.

Repare que é bem mais natural e fácil do que a outra alternativa:

– Posso pagar com láitenim?

– Leite ninho?

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Soft-forks on Bitcoin

A traditional soft-fork activation plays out like this:

1. someone makes a proposal
2. if half-dozen respected Core developers like that, they implement it and talk about it
3. everybody loves the idea
4. they ship it in Bitcoin Core
5. miners turn it onA traditional soft-fork activation plays out like this:

A traditional soft-fork failure plays out like this:

1. someone makes a proposal
2. if half-dozen respected Core developers do not care much about the idea, they don't do anything
3. people fight on Twitter about the merits of the idea forever

A sidechain activation within BIP-300 plays out like this:

1. someone writes the sidechain software
2. if a bunch of people are interested in that, they start playing with it in test mode
3. if it is really good people launch a proposal to miners
4. miners vote yes or no

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

แสงแดด วิตามิน D, A, K2-MK7 กับสุขภาพกระดูกและหลอดเลือด ว่าด้วยเรื่องของ DAK2 นั้นเคยเขียนไว้นานแล้ว แต่จำได้ว่าเป็นกึ่งๆบทความบ่นๆ แต่ไม่ได้อธิบายเป็นภาษามนุษย์นักครับว่า ตกลงจะหมายถึงอะไรกันแน่ ด้วยวาระโอกาสจะจบปี 2024 เลยคิดว่า นำมาปิดท้ายเนื้อหาหนักๆช่วงปลายๆของ season3 นี้กันดีกว่า

แสงแดด ไม่ใช่สิ่งที่ควรหลีกเลี่ยงเสมอไป แม้ว่าหลายคนจะกังวลเกี่ยวกับความเสี่ยงของโรคมะเร็งผิวหนัง แต่หากได้รับในปริมาณที่เหมาะสม แสงแดดเป็นสิ่งสำคัญที่ช่วยกระตุ้นกลไกของวิตามิน D ในร่างกาย ซึ่งทำงานร่วมกับ วิตามิน A และ วิตามิน K2-MK7 เพื่อดูแลสุขภาพกระดูกและหลอดเลือด รวมถึงช่วยลดความเสี่ยงจากโรคร้ายแรง เช่น โรคกระดูกพรุนและหลอดเลือดอุดตันครับ บทความนี้จะอธิบายถึงกลไกการทำงานของวิตามินเหล่านี้กับร่างกาย เพื่อส่งเสริมการดูดซึมแคลเซียม ลดการสะสมแคลเซียมผิดที่ และสร้างความเข้าใจว่าความเสี่ยงจากการตากแดดนั้น ต่ำกว่าที่หลายคนเข้าใจนักครับ คือ ถ้าไม่ชอบตากก็ไม่ต้องอ้างอะไรอื่นครับ ลองพิจารณาสิ่งที่ผมจะเล่าให้นี้ก่อนว่าซื้อมั๊ย ผมพยายามจะรวบรัดให้สั้นๆนะครับ

หลักการที่ผมมโนออกมาเป็นคำสั้นๆว่า DAK2 ซึ่งผมมักจะเรียกว่า แดก หรือเต็มๆคือ ตากแดดแล้วแดกด้วย คือกิจกรรมตากแดดของเรานั้น จะส่งผลดีได้อีกด้านนึงด้วย ถ้าคุณได้รับวิตามินครบทั้ง DAK2 ครับ เพราะว่า

-วิตามิน D เป็นรากฐานของการดูดซึมแคลเซียม วิตามิน D เป็นจุดเริ่มต้นของกระบวนการที่ช่วยให้ร่างกายดูดซึมแคลเซียมอย่างมีประสิทธิภาพและนำไปใช้อย่างเหมาะสม เมื่อผิวหนังได้รับรังสี UVB จากแสงแดด ร่างกายจะสังเคราะห์ วิตามิน D3 (cholecalciferol) วิตามิน D3 จะถูกเปลี่ยนเป็น calcidiol ในตับ และcalcitriol ที่ไต ซึ่งตรงนี้นะครับ มันจะถูกเปลี่ยนเป็น calcitriol รูปแบบที่ร่างกายนำไปใช้งานได้ ซึ่งเจ้า Calcitriol นี่แหละที่ ช่วยเพิ่มการดูดซึม แคลเซียม และ ฟอสฟอรัส จากอาหารในลำไส้ ทำให้มีแร่ธาตุเพียงพอสำหรับการสร้างและบำรุงกระดูก

-วิตามิน K2-MK7 รับบทผู้ควบคุมแคลเซียมในร่างกาย วิตามิน K2 ตัวนี้สำคัญ หายากและขาดมากที่สุดครับ โดยเฉพาะในรูปแบบ MK7 (menaquinone-7) มีบทบาทสำคัญในการนำแคลเซียมไปสะสมในกระดูกและป้องกันการสะสมในหลอดเลือด โดย K2 นั้นกระตุ้นโปรตีน osteocalcin ซึ่งทำหน้าที่ดึงแคลเซียมเข้าสู่กระดูก นอกจากนี้ K2 ยังช่วยกระตุ้น matrix Gla-protein (MGP) ซึ่งป้องกันการสะสมแคลเซียมไม่ให้ไปเกาะในหลอดเลือดแดงและเนื้อเยื่ออ่อน ดังนั้นการได้รับ K2 เพียงพอจึงช่วยลดความเสี่ยงของโรคหลอดเลือดอุดตัน

คำถามคือทำไมต้อง MK7???? นั่นเพราะ MK7 มีคุณสมบัติที่เหนือกว่า K2 รูปแบบอื่น เนื่องจากมีการทำงานในร่างกายได้นานกว่าวิตามิน K2 ตัวอื่นๆก่อนจะถูกขับทิ้งออกไป จึงช่วยให้เกิดผลลัพธ์ที่ยาวนานและมีประสิทธิภาพสูงที่สุด

-วิตามิน A ผู้สนับสนุนกระดูกและหลอดเลือด วิตามิน A (ในรูป retinoic acid) ทำงานร่วมกับวิตามิน D และ K2 เพื่อช่วยควบคุมการเจริญเติบโตของกระดูกและลดการสะสมแคลเซียมผิดที่ครับ โดยวิตามิน A จะกระตุ้นเซลล์สร้างกระดูก (osteoblasts) และช่วยปรับสมดุลของเซลล์สลายกระดูก (osteoclasts)ควบคุมการทำงานของเซลล์ทำลายกระดูก รวมถึงมีส่วนช่วยในการสร้างเซลล์เยื่อบุหลอดเลือด (endothelial cells) ให้แข็งแรง ช่วยลดการสะสมของคราบแคลเซียมในหลอดเลือด

เมื่อทำงานร่วมกับ วิตามิน K2 (ที่ป้องกันแคลเซียมสะสมในหลอดเลือด) จะช่วยลดความเสี่ยงของโรคหลอดเลือดอุดตัน แล้ววิตามิน A นั้นก็ยังช่วยเสริมสร้างเซลล์เยื่อบุหลอดเลือด ทำให้หลอดเลือดแข็งแรง ลดความเสี่ยงการสะสมของคราบแคลเซียม เมื่อร่างกายได้รับ วิตามิน A, D, และ K2 ร่วมกัน กระบวนการสร้างกระดูกและการสะสมแร่ธาตุในกระดูกจะมีประสิทธิภาพมากขึ้น

ข้อควรระวัง การได้รับวิตามิน A มากเกินไป (เกิน 10,000 IU/วัน) อาจขัดขวางการทำงานของวิตามิน D และเสี่ยงต่อการสูญเสียมวลกระดูก ดังนั้นควรได้รับในปริมาณที่เหมาะสม ไม่ใช่ว่าพอคิดว่าดีแล้วจัดกันแบบไม่ยั้งนะครับ อันนี้อันตรายนะ

สรุปการทำงานร่วมกันของวิตามิน D, A, K2-MK7 วิตามิน D ช่วยเพิ่มการดูดซึมแคลเซียมและฟอสฟอรัสเข้าสู่กระแสเลือด วิตามิน K2-MK7 ช่วยนำแคลเซียมไปสะสมในกระดูก และป้องกันการสะสมในหลอดเลือด วิตามิน A ช่วยปรับสมดุลการเจริญเติบโตและการสลายกระดูก พร้อมเสริมความแข็งแรงของเยื่อบุหลอดเลือด

อาหารที่ช่วยเสริมวิตามิน D, A, K2-MK7 ปกติเราจะท่องๆกันว่า ในเนื้อวัวตับวัว มีครบเกือบทุกอย่าง เว้นวิตามิน K2 เรามาลองดูตัวอย่างอาหารอื่นๆกันบ้างครับ วิตามิน D: ปลาแซลมอน, ปลาซาร์ดีน, น้ำมันตับปลา วิตามิน A: ตับ, ไข่ วิตามิน K2-MK7: นัตโตะ (ถั่วหมักญี่ปุ่น), ชีส, ไข่ไก่จากไก่ที่เลี้ยงปล่อย ส่วนที่มีคนถามว่า กิมจิหล่ะ คือ กิมจิ มีปริมาณวิตามิน K2 จริงครับแต่โดยปกติจะอยู่ในรูปแบบ MK4 ไม่ใช่ MK7 แคลเซียม: นม, กระดูกอ่อนต่างๆ, น้ำซุปกระดูก. ตับ ทีนี้พอเราเห็นภาพรวมแล้ว ก็ต้องบอกว่า จงเลิกมายาที่ต้องมานั่งท่องว่า ตากแดดเวลาไหนดีที่สุด เพราะคุณไม่ต้องไขว่คว้าหาอะไรที่ดีที่สุดเลยครับ คติของการตากแดดคือ ดีทุกเวลา เอาที่ว่าคุณไหวนั่นแหละ ไอ้ที่บอกว่าตากเช้าดีสุดนี่ ตากเช้าเท่านั้น เวลาอื่นห้ามตาก ตากแล้วจะเป็นมะเร็ง โคตรโม้ครับ อย่าเชื่อผมนะ คุณค่อยๆพิจารณา verify ไปทีละจุด ตากแค่เช้าจะได้อะไร ตากสะสมหลายๆเวลาได้อะไร แล้วประโยคที่ส่งต่อกันจังเลยว่า ตากแดดเช้ามันดีสุดจริงไหม

เลิกถามนะครับ ว่าตากเวลาไหนดีที่สุด มัน out แล้ว

#SundaySpecialเราจะไปเป็นหมูแดดเดียว #กูต้องรู้มั๊ย #PirateKeto

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Truthcoin as a spacechain

To be clear, the term "spacechain" here refers only to the general concept of blindly merge-mined (BMM) chains without a native money-token, not including the "spacecoins".

The basic idea is that for Truthcoin/Hivemind to work we need

1. Balances of Votecoin tokens, i.e. a way to keep track of who owns how much of the oracle corporation;
2. Bitcoin tokens to be used for buying and selling prediction market shares, i.e. money to gamble;
3. A blockchain, i.e. some timestamping service that emits blocks ordered with transactions and can keep track of internal state and change the state -- including the balances of the Votecoin tokens and of the Bitcoin tokens that are assigned to individual prediction markets according to predefined rules;

A spacechain, i.e. a blindly merge-mined chain, gives us 1 and 3. We can just write any logic for that and that should be very easy. It doesn't give us 2, and it also has the problem of how the spacechain users can pay the spacechain miners (which is why the spacecoins were envisioned in the first place, but we don't have spacecoins here).

But remember we have votecoins already. Votecoins (VTC) should represent a share in the oracle corporation, which means they entitle their holders to some revenue -- even though they also burden their holders with the duty to vote in event outcomes (at the risk of losing part of their own votecoin balance) --, and they can be exchanged, so we can assume they will have some value.

So we could in theory use these valuable tokens to pay the spacechain miners. That wouldn't be great because it pervert their original purpose and wouldn't solve the problem 2 from above -- unless we also used the votecoins to bet in which case they wouldn't be just another shitcoin in the planet with no network effect competing against Bitcoin and would just cause harm to humanity.

What we can do instead is to create a native mechanism for issuing virtual Bitcoin tokens (vBTC) in this chain, collaterized by votecoins, then we can use these vBTC to both gamble (solve problem 2) and pay miners (fix the hole in the spacechain BMM design).

For example, considering the VTC to be worth 0.001 BTC, any VTC holder could put 0.005 VTC and get 0.001 vBTC, then use to gamble or sell to others who want to gamble. The VTC holder still technically owns the VTC and can and must still participate in the oracle decisions. They just have to pay the BTC back before they can claim their VTC back if they want to send it elsewhere.

They stand to gain by selling vBTC if there is a premium for vBTC over BTC (i.e. people want to gamble) and then rebuying vBTC back once that premium goes away or reverts itself.

For this scheme to work the chain must know the exchange rate between VTC and BTC, which can be provided by the oracle corporation itself.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Haskell Monoids

You've seen that <> syntax and noticed it is imported from Data.Monoid?

I've always thought <> was a pretty complex mathematical function and it was very odd that people were using it for Text values, like "whatever " <> textValue <> " end.".

It turns out Text is a Monoid. That means it implements the Monoid class (or typeclass), that means it has a particular way of being concatenated. Any list could be a Monoid, any abstraction you can think of for which it makes sense to concatenate could be a Monoid, and it would use the same <> syntax. What exactly <> would do with that value when concatenating depends on its typeclass implementation of Monoid.

We can assume, for example, that Text implements Monoid by just joining the text bytes, and now we can use <> without getting puzzled about it.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Liberalismo oitocentista

Quando comecei a ler sobre "liberalismo" na internet havia sempre umas listas de livros recomendados, uns Ludwig von Mises, Milton Friedman e Alexis de Tocqueville. "A Democracia na América". Pra mim parecia estranho aquele papo de democracia quando eu estava interessado era em como funcionaria um mercado livre, sem regulações e tal.

Parece que Tocqueville era uma herança do mesmo povo que adorava a expressão "liberalismo clássico". O liberalismo clássico era uma coisa política que ia contra a monarquia e em favor da democracia, e aí Tocqueville se encaixava muito bem.

Poucos anos se passaram e tudo mudou. Agora acho que alguém lendo na internet não vai ver menção nenhuma a Tocqueville ou liberalismo clássico, essa chatice de democracia e suas chatices legalistas. O "libertarianismo", também um nome infeliz, tomou conta de tudo, e cresceu muito mais do que o movimento liberal-da-internet jamais imaginou que seria possível.

Os libertários brasileiros são anarquistas, detestam a democracia, reconhecem nela um vetor de ataque dos socialistas a qualquer pontinha de livre-mercado que exista -- e às liberdades individuais dos cidadãos (este aqui ainda um ponto em comum com os liberais oitocentistas). São inclusive muito mais propensos a defender a monarquia do que a democracia.

E isso é uma coisa boa. Finalmente uma pessoa pode defender princípios razoáveis de livre-mercado e individualismo sem precisar se associar com o movimento setecentistas e oitocentista que fez coisas boas, mas também foi responsável por coisas horríveis como a revolução francesa e todos os seus absurdos, e de onde saiu todo o movimento socialista.

• Democracia na América

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

A prediction market as a distributed set of oracle federations

See also: Truthcoin as a spacechain.

This is not Truthcoin, but hopefully the essence of what makes it good is present here: permissionless, uncensorable prediction markets for fun, profit, making cheap talk expensive and revolutionizing the emergence and diffusion of knowledge in society.

The idea

The idea is just to reuse Fedimint's codebase to implement federated oracle corporations that will host individual prediction markets inside them.

Pegging in and out of a federation can be done through Lightning gateways, and once inside the federation users can buy and sell shares of individual markets using a native LMSR market-maker.

Then we make a decentralized directory of these bets using something simple like Nostr so everybody can just join any market very easily.

Why?

The premise of this idea is that we can't have a centralized prediction market platform because governments will shut it down, but we can instead have a pseudonymous oracle corporation that also holds the funds being gambled at each time in a multisig Bitcoin wallet and hope for the best.

Each corporation may exist to host a single market and then vanish afterwards -- its members returning later to form a new corporation and host a new market before leaving again.

There is custodial risk, but the fact that the members may accrue reputation as the time passes and that this is not one big giant multisig holding all the funds of everybody but one multisig for each market makes it so this is slightly better.

In any case, no massive amounts are expected to be used in this scheme, which defeats some of the use cases of prediction markets (funding public goods, for example), but since these are so advanced and society is not yet ready for them, we can leave them for later and first just try to get some sports betting working.

This proto-truthcoin implementation should work just well enough to increase the appetite of bitcoiners and society in general for more powerful prediction markets.

Why is this better than DLCs?

Because DLCs have no liquidity. In their current implementations and in all future plans from DLC enthusiasts they don't even have order books. They're not seen very much as general-purpose prediction markets, but mostly as a way to create monetary instruments and derivatives.

They could work as prediction markets, but then they would need order books and order books are terrible for liquidity. LMSR market makers are much better.

But it is custodial!

If you make a public order book tied to known oracles using a DLC the oracle may also be considered custodial since it becomes really easy for him to join multiple trades as a counterpart then lie and steal the money. The bets only really "discreet" if they're illiquid meaningless bets between two guys. If they're happening in a well-known public place they're not discreet anymore.

DLC proponents may say this can be improved by users using multiple oracles and forming effectively a federation between them, but that is hardly different from choosing a reputable oracle corporation in this scheme and trusting that for the life of the bet.

But Hivemind is better!

Yes.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

O mito do objetivo

O insight deste cara segundo o qual buscar objetivos fixos, além de matar a criatividade, ainda não consegue atingir o tal objetivo -- que é uma coisa na qual eu sempre acreditei, embora sem muitas confirmações e (talvez por isso) sem dizê-lo abertamente --, combina com a idéia geral de que todas as estruturas sociais que valem alguma coisa surgem do jogo e brincadeira.

A seriedade, que é o oposto da brincadeira, é representada aqui pelo objetivo. Pessoas muito sérias com um planejamento e um objetivo final, tudo esquematizado.

---

Na verdade esse insight é bem manjado. Até eu mesmo já o tinha mencionado, citando Taleb em Processos Antifrágeis.

E finalmente há esta tirinha que eu achei aleatoriamente e que bem o representa:

@ c1e6505c:02b3157e

I created PictureRoom to share my photography work and offer insights into my editing process. I've always been drawn to watching other photographers edit their work (such as Kyle McDougall’s YouTube channel) as there's always something new to learn and incorporate into my own craft. It's important to never assume you have it "all figured out." Remaining open to learning keeps our skills fresh and evolving.

I published a video on my YouTube channel where I demonstrate how I edit my photographs using a preset I've developed. This preset has become the foundation for most of my recent work, and I'm excited to share it with others. In the video, I delve into some nuanced editing techniques that I believe many will find interesting.

Please note that this preset isn't a one-size-fits-all solution.

You'll need to adjust it for each individual photograph, tweaking elements such as exposure, blacks, whites, highlights, shadows, temperature, and tint. However, it should get you most of the way there. As I explain in my YouTube video, this preset works well with both Leica and Fujifilm files.

I'm offering this preset on a donation basis. If you find it valuable, I greatly appreciate any support you can provide for my efforts. Your generosity helps me continue creating and sharing resources like this. Of course, you can always send some sats here as well if you'd like.

You can download the preset here and try it for yourself: https://czerwinskiphoto.gumroad.com/l/lightroom-preset-1

Feel free to check out the video for a detailed walkthrough, and don't hesitate to reach out if you have any questions about using the preset: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=52pOCphNSTc

Like and Subscribe as well to the YouTube channel, or find me on nostr.

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/809797

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

O Bitcoin como um sistema social humano

Afinal de contas, o que é o Bitcoin? Não vou responder a essa pergunta explicando o que é uma "blockchain" ou coisa que o valha, como todos fazem muito pessimamente. A melhor explicação em português que eu já vi está aqui, mas mesmo assim qualquer explicação jamais será definitiva.

A explicação apenas do protocolo, do que faz um programa bitcoind sendo executado em um computador e como ele se comunica com outros em outros computadores, e os incentivos que estão em jogo para garantir com razoável probabilidade que se chegará a um consenso sobre quem é dono de qual parte de qual transação, apesar de não ser complicada demais, exigirá do iniciante que seja compreendida muitas vezes antes que ele se possa se sentir confortável para dizer que entende um pouco.

E essa parte técnica, apesar de ter sido o insight fundamental que gerou o evento miraculoso chamado Bitcoin, não é a parte mais importante, hoje. Se fosse, várias dessas outras moedas seriam concorrentes do Bitcoin, mas não são, e jamais poderão ser, porque elas não estão nem próximas de ter os outros elementos que compõem o Bitcoin. São eles:

1. A estrutura

O Bitcoin é um sistema composto de partes independentes.

Existem programadores que trabalham no protocolo e aplicações, e dia após dia novos programadores chegam e outros saem, e eles trabalham às vezes em conjunto, às vezes sem que um se dê conta do outro, às vezes por conta própria, às vezes pagos por empresas interessadas.

Existem os usuários que realizam validação completa, isto é, estão rodando algum programa do Bitcoin e contribuindo para a difusão dos blocos, das transações, rejeitando usuários malignos e evitando ataques de mineradores mal-intencionados.

Existem os poupadores, acumuladores ou os proprietários de bitcoins, que conhecem as possibilidades que o mundo reserva para o Bitcoin, esperam o dia em que o padrão-Bitcoin será uma realidade mundial e por isso mesmo atributem aos seus bitcoins valores muito mais altos do que os preços atuais de mercado, agarrando-se a eles.

Especuladores de "criptomoedas" não fazem parte desse sistema, nem tampouco empresas que aceitam pagamento em bitcoins para imediatamente venderem tudo em troca de dinheiro estatal, e menos ainda gente que usa bitcoins e a própria marca Bitcoin para aplicar seus golpes e coisas parecidas.

1. A cultura

Mencionei que há empresas que pagam programadores para trabalharem no código aberto do BitcoinCore ou de outros programas relacionados à rede Bitcoin -- ou mesmo em aplicações não necessariamente ligadas à camada fundamental do protocolo. Nenhuma dessas empresas interessadas, porém, controla o Bitcoin, e isso é o elemento principal da cultura do Bitcoin.

O propósito do Bitcoin sempre foi ser uma rede aberta, sem chefes, sem política envolvida, sem necessidade de pedir autorização para participar. O fato do próprio Satoshi Nakamoto ter voluntariamente desaparecido das discussões foi fundamental para que o Bitcoin não fosse visto como um sistema dependente dele ou que ele fosse entendido como o chefe. Em outras "criptomoedas" nada disso aconteceu. O chefe supremo do Ethereum continua por aí mandando e desmandando e inventando novos elementos para o protocolo que são automaticamente aceitos por toda a comunidade, o mesmo vale para o Zcash, EOS, Ripple, Litecoin e até mesmo para o Bitcoin Cash. Pior ainda: Satoshi Nakamoto saiu sem nenhum dinheiro, nunca mexeu nos milhares de bitcoins que ele gerou nos primeiros blocos -- enquanto os líderes dessas porcarias supramencionadas cobraram uma fortuna pelo direito de uso dos seus primeiros usuários ou estão aí a até hoje receber dividendos.

Tudo isso e mais outras coisas -- a mentalidade anti-estatal e entusiasta de sistemas p2p abertos dos membros mais proeminentes da comunidade, por exemplo -- faz com que um ar de liberdade e suspeito de tentativas de centralização da moeda sejam percebidos e execrados.

1. A história

A noção de que o Bitcoin não pode ser controlado por ninguém passou em 2017 por dois testes e saiu deles muito reforçada: o primeiro foi a divisão entre Bitcoin (BTC) e Bitcoin Cash (BCH), uma obra de engenharia social que teve um sucesso mediano em roubar parte da marca e dos usuários do verdadeiro Bitcoin e depois a tentativa de tomada por completo do Bitcoin promovida por mais ou menos as mesmas partes interessadas chamada SegWit2x, que fracassou por completo, mas não sem antes atrapalhar e difundir mentiras para todos os lados. Esses dois fracassos provaram que o Bitcoin, mesmo sendo uma comunidade desorganizada, sem líderes claros, está imune à captura por grupos interessados, o que é mais um milagre -- ou, como dizem, um ponto de Schelling.

Esse período crucial na história do Bitcoin fez com ficasse claro que hard-forks são essencialmente incompatíveis com a natureza do protocolo, de modo que no futuro não haverá a possibilidade de uma sugestão como a de imprimir mais bitcoins do que o que estava programado sejam levadas a sério (mas, claro, sempre há a possibilidade da cultura toda se perder, as pessoas esquecerem a história e o Bitcoin ser cooptado, eis a importância da auto-educação e da difusão desses princípios).

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

A chatura Kelsen

Já presenciei várias vezes este mesmo fenômeno: há um grupo de amigos ou proto-amigos conversando alegremente sobre o conservadorismo, o tradicionalismo, o anti-comunismo, o liberalismo econômico, o livre-mercado, a filosofia olavista. É um momento incrível porque para todos ali é sempre tão difícil encontrar alguém com quem conversar sobre esses assuntos.

Eis que um deles fez faculdade de direito. Tendo feito faculdade de direito por acreditar que essa lhe traria algum conhecimento (já que todos os filósofos de antigamente faziam faculdade de direito!) esse sujeito que fez faculdade de direito, ao contrário dos demais, não toma conhecimento de que a sua faculdade é uma nulidade, uma vergonha, uma época da sua vida jogada fora -- e crê que são valiosos os conteúdos que lhe foram transmitidos pelos professores que estão ali para ajudar os alunos a se preparem para o exame da OAB.

Começa a falar de Kelsen. A teoria pura do direito, hermenêutica, filosofia do direito. A conversa desanda. Ninguém sabe o que dizer. A filosofia pura do direito não está errada porque é apenas uma lógica pura, e como tal não pode ser refutada; e por não ter qualquer relação com o mundo não há como puxar um outro assunto a partir dela e sair daquele território. Os jovens filósofos perdem ali as próximas duas horas falando de Kelsen, Kelsen. Uma presença que os ofende, que parece errada, que tem tudo para estar errada, mas está certa. Certa e inútil, ela lhes devora as idéias, que são digeridas pela teoria pura do direito.

É imperativo estabelecer esta regra: só é permitido falar de Kelsen se suas idéias não forem abordadas ou levadas em conta. Apenas elogios ou ofensas serão tolerados: Kelsen era um bom homem; Kelsen era um bobão. Pronto.

---

Eis aqui um exemplo gravado do fenômeno descrito acima: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CKb8Ij5ThvA: o Flavio Morgenstern todo simpático, elogiando o outro, falando coisas interessantes sobre o mundo; e o outro, que devia ser amigo dele antes de entrar para a faculdade de direito, começa a falar de Kelsen, com bastante confiança de que aquilo é relevante, e dá-lhe Kelsen, filosofia do direito, toda essa chatice tremenda.

@ 4c86f5a2:935c3564

เวลาที่มีในชีวิตเปรียบได้กับโอกาสที่เข้ามาในช่วงที่ Bitcoin ยังอยู่ในช่วงเริ่มต้น หากไม่รีบฉวยโอกาสในตอนนี้ เราอาจต้องเสียโอกาสในอนาคตไป เช่นเดียวกับคนที่มอง Bitcoin เป็นโอกาสที่สายเกินไปในการเก็บออม #siamstr

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

tempreites

My first library to get stars on GitHub, was a very stupid templating library that used just HTML and HTML attributes ("DSL-free"). I was inspired by http://microjs.com/ at the time and ended up not using the library. Probably no one ever did.

• https://github.com/fiatjaf/tempreites

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Músicas que você já conhece

É bom escutar as mesmas músicas que você já conhece um pouco. cada nova escuta te deixa mais familiarizado e faz com que aquela música se torne parte do seu cabedal interno de melodias.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

fieldbook-to-sql

This used to turn books from the late multi-things-manager (or tridimensional spreadsheets provider) fieldbook.com into complete SQLite3 databases.

It was referenced in their official shutdown message and helped people move data off (it would have been better if they had open-sourced the entire site, I don't understand why they haven't).

• https://github.com/fiatjaf/fieldbook-to-sql

@ 16d11430:61640947

In a distant future, long after Earth’s surface had been scorched by greed and the wars of fiat money, humanity had fragmented across the multiverse. Each parallel reality bore the scars of divergent evolution—worlds where humans became bio-mechanical hybrids, insectoid overlords, aquatic philosophers, or even beings of pure energy. The fragile thread connecting these dimensions was cryptographic resonance, a universal constant that allowed the exchange of value. Amidst the ruins of worlds, a single trader wove between them: Kael Nexus, the Multiverse Trader.

Kael was no ordinary human. Born in the remnants of Earth Prime, he had grown up witnessing the collapse of fiat empires and the rise of the cryptographic machines—the towering monoliths of code that governed every transaction, recording them immutably across realities. These machines were the lifeblood of trade, storing not just wealth but memories, promises, and even fragments of souls.

Kael’s ship, The Lattice, was a relic of ancient engineering fused with quantum cryptography. Its hull shimmered with shifting blockchain imprints, each pulse a representation of transactions completed in other worlds. Powered by a hybrid Bitcoin Lightning reactor, The Lattice could navigate dimensional rifts, leaping between timelines to trade resources, technology, and knowledge.

---

World 1: The Arachniopolis

Kael’s first stop was a world where evolution had favored arachnid intelligence. Towering silk-webbed metropolises hung suspended in the skies. The Arachnians, ten-legged sentient beings, worshipped the Indira Net—a digital consciousness resembling a web of endless connections.

The Arachnians had no concept of physical currency; instead, they bartered using cryptographic spores encoded with genetic blueprints. Kael traded them a fragment of Dustchain, an ancient Bitcoin offshoot that could store memories. In return, the Arachnians offered a serum capable of rewiring DNA—a rare commodity sought by countless other species.

---

World 2: The Oceanic Collective

Diving into another reality, The Lattice emerged into an endless ocean world. Here, the inhabitants were bioluminescent creatures linked by a telepathic network called The Current. Unlike the Arachnians, they did not use cryptographic machines but instead created cryptographic songs—harmonic vibrations that encoded vast amounts of data in auditory waves.

Kael used a converter to translate his Bitcoin keys into a haunting melody. The transaction was instantaneous. In exchange for his keys, the Oceanics gifted him Pulse Crystals, used to amplify telepathic communication—a treasure for trade in less advanced worlds.

---

World 3: The Terraformers

On a desolate, volcanic world, Kael encountered the Terraformers, a race of silicon-based life forms that thrived in molten heat. Their civilization was dying, unable to sustain its energy needs. They sought Kael’s help, offering rare minerals in return for a key to survival.

Here, Kael deployed DamageAI, his cryptographic AI assistant, to build a smart contract that would power a fusion Bitcoin node, revitalizing the planet’s energy supply. The Terraformers agreed to a lifetime bond, recording their loyalty into the blockchain that spanned the multiverse.

---

World 4: The Machine Singularity

Finally, Kael arrived at Eidolon, a post-biological dimension where humanity had merged with machines, achieving digital immortality. Here, data and memories were the only currency, traded in vast quantum markets.

Eidolon’s council demanded Kael’s memories of the dying Earth Prime, offering him the coordinates to a newly discovered dimension—a lush utopia untouched by the scars of evolution. This world, they said, could become the final bastion of humanity.

Kael hesitated. To trade his memories would mean surrendering a piece of himself, the very core of his identity. But he had seen too many worlds on the brink of collapse. Humanity needed hope.

---

The Final Rift

Kael completed the trade, his memories dissolving into the ether of Eidolon’s markets. As The Lattice shifted to the new dimension, Kael glimpsed flashes of Earth Prime—its shattered cities, the dying whispers of fiat-driven despair. Yet, there was hope in his heart.

In the lush world beyond the rift, Kael found a species that had transcended evolution entirely. They were energy beings, capable of integrating all forms of knowledge. For them, cryptographic machines were relics of a bygone era, but they welcomed Kael with open arms, promising to guide the scattered remnants of humanity toward unity.

And so, the Multiverse Trader continued his journey, trading between worlds not for wealth but for survival, bridging the fractured dimensions with every cryptographic key he forged. Kael Nexus was not just a trader—he was a harbinger of humanity's rebirth, a voyager through the eternal blockchain of existence.

SciFi #Futuristic #Multiverse #CryptoFuture #Blockchain #PostApocalyptic #HyperModern #Cyberpunk #AI #Cryptocurrency #SpaceTravel #QuantumTech #ScienceFictionArt #InnovativeTech #DigitalRevolution #SciFiArt #VisionaryFiction #EvolvingHumanity #TechInnovation #Cryptoverse #Storytelling

@ 7c765d40:bd121d84

I have a feeling gold bugs aren't going to enjoy this next chapter.

And the sad thing is that they are so damn close.

They've been fighting this fight for decades now.

They understand how broken our monetary system is.

But their stubbornness will be their demise.

In the last month alone, we've had some pretty catastrophic events in the gold market.

With bitcoin-friendly President Trump about to take office in the US, they are considering selling their gold reserves to purchase bitcoin.

According to Popular Mechanics, China recently discovered $83 billion worth of gold.

Damn I forgot about Popular Mechanics.

Their website looks like it's stuck in 1997 but the articles are all recent.

Anyways.

And the biggest news - coming from our favorite little country.

El Salvador announced a gold discovery worth approximately $3 TRILLION dollars.

This triggered a couple historic tweets from their President Bukele.

First quote tweeting the announcement "And we'll dilute that thing like there's no tomorrow."

And the next day quote tweeting another announcement "But what could they possibly do with that?"

And for anyone who isn't familiar with El Salvador (aka The Savior), they were the first country to make bitcoin legal tender.

After a few large smash buys, they have been buying 1 bitcoin every day.

You can verify this on their customized mempool website.

The market is about to be FLOODED with gold.

Peter Schiff is losing his damn mind, claiming bitcoin is a "national security threat."

The mainstream media talking heads are on a bitcoin war path.

OUR PETS HEADS ARE FALLING OFF.

Gold has historically been the best store of value that exists.

Why?

Because of it's scarcity.

Until April 2024, when bitcoin officially passed gold as the scarcest asset.

Gold (typically) has a 2% inflation rate.

Bitcoin, as of the latest halving, now has less than 2% inflation.

IF - and that's a big IF - countries start dumping their gold for bitcoin, what will happen to the market?

Countries and central banks are the largest holders of gold.

Who will pick up the slack?

How many 20 year olds will be lining up at their local gold shop to buy some pet rocks?

Gold has served it's purpose.

It was the best asset to store wealth.

Before bitcoin.

Bitcoin can also be sent anywhere in the world in a matter of minutes - for a very low fee.

Imagine trying to send 10 billion worth of gold across the world.

Bitcoin is also highly divisible.

You can't start shaving off a gold coin to pay for groceries.

Unless maybe the grocery stores will start putting scales at the til.

Haha.

And most importantly, especially when talking about governments and central banks, bitcoin is verifiable.

We have never been able to see or verify the gold reserves.

How much gold is really in Fort Knox?

We have absolutely no idea.

It requires trust.

How many people trust their government at this stage of the game?

Bitcoin on the other hand, can be easily verified.

This is important for the individuals, the banks, and the countries.

El Salvador has a website where you can verify their bitcoin holdings.

Check it out here!

We have no idea how much gold really exists.

We have an idea, but it's not very accurate - clearly.

If they found $3 TRILLION worth of gold in the small country of El Salvador, how much gold you do think is waiting to be found on Mars?

And how much bitcoin will we find on Mars?

As a gold and silver holder myself, I am making the full switch into bitcoin.

It just makes the most sense.

And human eventually switch to the idea that makes the most sense.

---

PROJECT POTENTIAL - You can now find the expanded audio versions of these on the new podcast - Project Potential! I will be sharing the video versions here for the LITF members but you can also find it for free on Spotify and of course Fountain!

Here is the link to Episode 008 on Fountain: https://www.fountain.fm/episode/nQb5z3PolahVwsPbYX4r

---

Have a great day everyone! And remember, the only thing more scarce than bitcoin is time!

Jor

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

A command line utility to create and manage personal graphs, then write them to dot and make images with graphviz.

It manages a bunch of YAML files, one for each entity in the graph. Each file lists the incoming and outgoing links it has (could have listen only the outgoing, now that I'm tihnking about it).

Each run of the tool lets you select from existing nodes or add new ones to generate a single link type from one to one, one to many, many to one or many to many -- then updates the YAML files accordingly.

It also includes a command that generates graphs with graphviz, and it can accept a template file that lets you customize the dot that is generated and thus the graphviz graph.

rel

• https://github.com/fiatjaf/rel

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Money Supply Measurement

What if we measured money supply measured by probability of being spent -- or how near it is to the point in which it is spent? bonds could be money if they're treated as that by their owners, but they are likely to be not near the spendpoint as cash, other assets can also be considered money but they might be even farther.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

A flexibilidade da doutrina socialista

Os fatos da revolução russa mostram que Lênin e seus amigos bolcheviques não eram só psicopatas assassinos: eles realmente acreditavam que estavam fazendo o certo.

Talvez depois de um tempo o foco deles tenha mudado mais para o lado de se preocuparem menos com a vida e o bem-estar dos outros do que com eles mesmos, mas não houve uma mudança fundamental.

Ao mesmo tempo, a doutrina socialista na qual eles acreditavam era enormemente flexível, assim como a dos esquerdistas de hoje. É a mesma doutrina: uma coleção de slogans que pode ser adaptada para apoiar ou ir contra qualquer outra tese ou ação.

Me parece que a justificativa que eles encontraram para fazer tantas coisas claramente ruins vem dessas mesma flexibilidade. Os atos cruéis estavam todos justificados pela mesma coleção de slogans socialistas de sempre, apenas adaptados às circunstâncias.

Será que uma doutrina mais sólida se prestaria a essas atrocidades? Se concluirmos que a flexibilidade vem da mente e não da doutrina em si, sim, mas não acho que venha daí, porque é sempre o socialismo que é flexível, nunca nenhuma outra doutrina. Ou, na verdade, o socialismo é tão flexível que ele envolve e integra qualquer outra doutrina que seja minimamente compatível.

Talvez a flexibilidade esteja mesmo na mente, mas existe alguma relação entre a mente que desconhece a coerência e a lógica e a mente que se deixa atrair pelos slogans socialistas.

@ eac63075:b4988b48

BlueSky, a social network built on the decentralized AT Protocol (Authenticated Transfer Protocol), is revolutionizing content moderation by empowering users and communities to manage their own experiences. Unlike traditional platforms that centralize control, BlueSky adopts a modular and customizable approach, balancing freedom of expression with safety.

https://www.fountain.fm/episode/mtp0RxPeuBpCozcSgfct

The Jesse Singal Case and the Community’s Response

Recently, the account @jessesingal.com was accused of publishing content considered homophobic and transphobic. Although some users questioned whether these posts violated BlueSky’s Terms of Service, the platform chose not to ban the account. Instead, it relied on community tools to limit the reach of these posts.

Individual users blocked the account and subscribed to community-managed block lists, significantly reducing the visibility of Jesse Singal’s content. This decentralized approach demonstrated the effectiveness of a model in which the community regulates content without centralized intervention.

BlueSky’s Five Layers of Moderation

BlueSky implements a multi-layered moderation system, offering users tools to customize their experiences practically and efficiently:

1. Personal Blocking and Muting\ Users can block or mute unwanted accounts, individually adjusting the content they wish to see.

2. Community Block Lists\ By subscribing to block lists created by the community, users can share common moderation criteria, optimizing content filtering.

3. Curated Feeds\ Subscribing to personalized feeds allows users to consume content filtered by curators or algorithms, creating a safer and more tailored experience.

4. Account Removal on the Personal Data Server (PDS)\ In extreme cases, servers can directly delete accounts from their databases, preventing them from publishing or accessing the network.

5. Ozone: Advanced Moderation Tool\ Ozone is an integrated tool that enables advanced moderation strategies, combining various resources for greater efficiency.

BlueSky’s Moderation Architecture

Moderation on BlueSky is based on an open labeling system. This architecture allows anyone to assign labels to content or accounts, such as “spam” or “NSFW” (not safe for work). These labels can be automatically generated by third-party services or manually applied by curators and administrators, offering flexibility for communities and individuals to customize their experiences.

The Role of the Community in Content Regulation

In decentralized platforms like BlueSky, the community plays a central role in self-regulation, minimizing reliance on a centralized authority to moderate content. This decentralization distributes responsibilities and reduces the risks of institutional bias, often seen in centralized companies that may reflect specific interests at the expense of plurality.

Centralized platforms often censor or promote content based on corporate agendas, compromising user trust. BlueSky’s model prioritizes autonomy, allowing the community itself to determine what is relevant or acceptable.

With 25 million users registered within weeks, BlueSky remains committed to its mission of regulating not freedom of expression, but the reach of certain publications. Tools like block lists, curated feeds, and Ozone are tangible examples of how the platform is building a decentralized and inclusive ecosystem.

Challenges and Opportunities of Decentralization

Despite its merits, decentralization presents challenges. Educating users about available tools and protecting vulnerable communities from harmful content are complex tasks, especially in a rapidly growing environment.

On the other hand, the decentralized model offers significant advantages. It enhances transparency, fosters trust among users, and reduces reliance on a central authority. On BlueSky, users shape their own experiences, ensuring greater freedom without sacrificing safety.

Conclusion

BlueSky is paving the way for a new era in social networks with a decentralized moderation model that empowers users and promotes shared responsibility. Aligned with principles of freedom and inclusion, BlueSky combines advanced technology and community collaboration to create a safer, more democratic, and adaptable space.

Although still in its early stages, BlueSky offers a promising model for the future of social networks, where reach—not freedom of expression—is the true focus of regulation.

@ 62a6a41e:b12acb43

I would like to start by saying that I do believe that Nostr will become the generalistic social network of the future (at least one of the clients). This post is just a perspective of why perhaps that might not even matter in the end.

Every cultural change starts in a tribalistic way. People that agree with each other regularly interacting, exchanging ideas, etc.

Socialism, LGBT, ecological groups, etc, it's all organized tribes. People regularly interacting with each other with similar ideas. Going to events, workshops, bars, dinners, etc, etc. They then create change in the world by integrating with the power networks, as we've seen in history. It's all top down and there's usually lot of cultural weight. For example, the Bolsheviks had to use a lot of cultural projects to legitimize their power after the 1917 Russian Revolution. The point is it's always a minority changing culture. Gramsci, the idea of Cultural Hegemony. It never fails. The most organized minority tribe always changes the culture.

In Marxist philosophy, cultural hegemony is the dominance of a culturally diverse society by the ruling class who shape the culture of that society—the beliefs and explanations, perceptions, values, and mores—so that the worldview of the ruling class becomes the accepted cultural norm.[1] As the universal dominant ideology, the ruling-class worldview misrepresents the social, political, and economic status quo as natural, inevitable, and perpetual social conditions that benefit every social class, rather than as artificial social constructs that benefit only the ruling class.[2][3]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_hegemony

This is obviously sick, because it's all authoritarian and culture should never be top down. Real culture should always be free, bottom-up. (More universalist in that sense).

So in that sense it makes sense that Nostr and Bitcoin are connected and that there's a kind of tribe forming around it too. And in that sense the real point is;

It doesn't really matter how many people are on Nostr, what truly matters is how engaged and connected to each other they are. Is there engagement? Yes. Then it will work.

This is currently more of a tribe than a generalistic social network. It just happens to be the best technical social network (because it's uncensorable).

And not just that, our tribe is the most diverse tribe. The most diverse tribe always wins because it is by definition the tribe with the most universalistic philosophy, the most open, the most open to innovation, and thus the most universalistic. The most universalistic philosophy always wins.

A great example is Reddit and how that creates the intelectual culture of our world, wrongly, distorted and censored as we know. Nostr might become or power something like that. The homebase of the most powerful and organized tribe in the world.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

"House" dos economistas e o Estado

Falta um gênio pra produzir um seriado tipo House só que com economistas. O House do seriado seria um austríaco é o "everybody lies" seria uma premissa segundo a qual o Estado é sempre a causa de todos os problemas.

Situações bem cabeludas poderiam ser apresentadas de maneira que parecesse muito que a causa era ganância ou o mau-caratismo dos agentes, mas na investigação quase sempre se descobriria que a causa era o Estado.

Parece ridículo, mas se eu descrevesse House assim aqui também pareceria. A execução é que importa.

@ df478568:2a951e67

"Mathematics is the language in which God has written the universe..."
--Nicholas Copernicus

Bitcion Is Poetry

I fell in love with word-smithing in the eleventh grade after reading Shakespeare's sonnets because Iambic pentameter is the edge effect where the languages of mathematics and English meet. I thought this was the coolest thing in the world. This inspired me to write my own Sonnets. I even gave one to my hopeless crush. She wasn't as impressed, but in retrospect, poetry was my first love.

I had some flings with fiction, and a few blogs, and in 2014 fell in love with a younger, sexier form of mathematical poetry--Bitcoin: A Peer-To-Peer Electronic Cash System. She taught me what Copernicus observed so long ago. Mathematics is the language of the universe. When I first read it, I did not understand most of the math. I had no idea what a "digital signature" was. I never had the word hash without the words corned beef in front of it, but I believed fractional reserve banking and bailouts helped the rich get richer and the poor get poorer. My limited background knowledge from messing around with Napster and BitTorrent in my younger years gave me enough background knowledge to understand that Satoshi's white paper was an important historical document. He wrote in plain English, math, and C+ explaining Bitcoin in three languages like the Rosetta Stone.

"To implement a distributed timestamp server on a Peer-To-Peer basis we will need to use a proof-of-work system similar to Adam Back's Hashcash, rather than newspaper or Usenet posts."
--Satoshi Nakamoto, Bitcoin: A Peer To Peer Electronic Cash System

Proof Of Poetry

Adam Back discovered hashcash. Satoshi cited this in the White paper. Despite its name, hashcash was not a "cryptocurrency." Hashcash is more like a digital stamp. Stamps have a cost, of course, and so does hashcash. We can't hand a piece of paper with a portrait of some dude wearing a wig to a computer, of course. We must pay for electronic stamps with the only fungible currency computers can use, electricity. This makes electricity the de facto currency for computers. Therefore, you must pay for the hashcash stamp with electricity. As anyone who has been shocked by their electricity bill in the summer knows, electricity has a real cost. The beauty of hash cash is you wouldn't notice a difference in your electric bill if you sent a dozen emails a month, but if you spammed the whole World Wide Web with a chain letter, your electric bill will drain your bank account. Hashcash is a stamp you pay for with computational power, which requires your computer to work. That work can only be paid for with electricity.

Proof Of Work is a little different on hashcash than bitcoin because it uses SHA1 and bitcoin uses SHA256, but here's an example of how it works from hashcash.org:
When you type this into the command line:

echo -n 0:030626:adam@cypherspace.org:6470e06d773e05a8 | sha1

The computer will show you this answer:
00000000c70db7389f241b8f441fcf068aead3f0

See those C00l-looking zeros in the front? Satoshi called them “zero bits.” Whenever someone sends a bitcoin transaction, it goes to the mempool. This is like Purgatory for bitcoin transactions. A bitcoin doesn't get its wings right away like when a bell rings on It's A Wonderful Life. It needs to be confirmed like a Catholic. If it's not confirmed, it does not reach heaven. Transactions don't have an actual afterlife in the clouds, These transactions are trying to get into the precious, scarce block space of the bitcoin timechain. Miners include different transactions in a block template and add a nonce, a number used once...I'm gonna stop myself here before readers die of boredom. It's just math. If you're interested in seeing this math in action play around with this website. You can type whatever you want. The math works on all ASCII characters because each letter or symbol represents a number.

If we hash the code from hashcash.org above using the SHA1 calculator it gives us this result.

If we add a question mark to this text, we get this result.

We see a different 40-character combination. This is the math used to verify data in cybersecurity, and bitcoin is no different. To change the math requires changing every single one of these transactions since January 3rd, 2009. How horrifying would your electric bill need to be to accomplish this? I don't know, but It's not likely to happen since honest miners are rewarded with fees, These fees are like tribute transactions must pay to get out of purgatory, Some transactions pay more, and some try to pay less. The miners are incentivized to let the more expensive transactions to go through the pearly white gates of the bitcoin time chain.

Adam Back's email is not a transaction, but those leading zero bits are the backbone of the bitcoin time chain. If you hash my full legal name with SHA1, we get this result 02c53da577460a2e8eead6e85da88199c64eb1bd. If we hash it with SHA256, I see two zero bits. 0024f0a28bf81851ed8490c4e87173f8790bd9d8ea9423442114d25ad7137f51 Pretty cool, right?

These zerobits are also found in the bitcoin timechain. Look at the blocks 87402 through 874039:

https://mempool.marc26z.com/block/0000000000000000000252449e143c01d95b535c7f7a5aa0c321d689ee3bfcb7 https://mempool.marc26z.com/block/000000000000000000020ce9cb6d4ad0363aa3992f40739e794a749cfbeea74d https://mempool.marc26z.com/block/0000000000000000000055c358a666b6188349787741e4d51a0f1d3c60e5f8ae https://mempool.marc26z.com/block/00000000000000000000f17afb5f4bcab00c75dea27659c9b596878763c83533 https://mempool.marc26z.com/block/00000000000000000000c09a854ef63d9b99594997d3f0b8fa7229944b8ea3cb

Notice how each line a from an instance of mempool that I run from a Start9 server has zerobits in the front. This is because bitcoin uses the same mathematical poetry that Adam Back Discovered in 1997. It's elegant, has a pattern, dare I say rhythm, and looks like a mathematical sonnet.

Look at those last two lines. Like zerobits repeated in the bitcoin timechain, the words So long are repeated at the beginning of lines 13 and 14. Bitcoin looks like poetry because bitcoin is poetry.

The Difficulty Adjustment Is Poetic Justice

Whenever a miner produces a hash with the required amount of zerobits to send the transactions from the mempool purgatory to the place where the chosen math spirits hang out in the p2p distributed networking cloud, one more block is added to the timing chain. It is called a "chain" because the transactions are also hashed with the block header from the previous block. This verifies that each transaction is valid and easily verifiable with a single calculation which means it can be validated on cheap computers like Raspberry Pi's, but to be honest, you're better off with a better computer if you don't like pulling your hair out. The problem is money has an infinite demand. This is why the axiom, "You can never be too rich or too skinny" exists. Everybody loves money and is incentivized to get as much of it as they can as early as they can. This begs the question, how did Satoshi make sure Bitcoin is for everybody and not just the OG Cypherpunk nerds? He discovered the difficulty of adjustment.

At this point, most people have heard the story about Lazzlo buying two pizzas for 10,000 whole Bitcoin. It is often touted as the worst investment in history by the mainstream media, but journalists focus on the sensational and miss the subtleties of this story since they are experts in journalism, but not so well-versed in cryptography, a branch of mathematics that no one is taught in high school and only the nerdiest of nerds tend to learn it in college. The lesser-known part of the story is Lazzlo was also the first person to mine Bitcoin using ASIC chips. ASICs were used well by IT professionals well before bitcoin was discovered, but Lazzlo learned he could mine bitcoin much faster with these specialized chips than with a laptop. As the first person to figure this out, he must have had an extremely unfair advantage, so why couldn't he just mine all 21 Bitcoin in a matter of months? He was limited by the Difficulty Adjustment.

Here is how it works:- Every hour we can expect 6 blocks- Every Day we can expect 24x6 blocks or 144 blocks- Every week, we can expect 1008 blocks- Every two weeks, we can expect 2016 blocks.
At the end of 2016 blocks, if blocks are mined faster than this, the math problem miners try to solve becomes more difficult to slow them back down to ten minutes. When Lazzlo ramped up his bitcoin production, he could only have an unfair advantage for 2016 blocks. Let's say he mined 90% of the block within the first week.  Good for him, but now his ASICS mining slows down because the blocks become much more difficult to mine. His fancy miner essentially must find more zerobits. It's a little more complex than this, but that's the non-boring gist of the story.

Without Satoshi's discovery of the difficulty adjustment, the Cypherpunks like Lazzlo would have mined all 21 million bitcoin before the first 210,000 blocks. The difficulty adjustment makes the distribution fair because the block subsidy limits how much Bitcoin can be created every ten minutes and that amount is cut in half every 4 years.

"Total circulation will be 21,000,000 coins. It'll be distributed to network nodes when they make blocks, with the amount cut in half every 4 years. First 4 years: 10,500,000 coins next 4 years: 5,250,000 coins next 4 years: 2,625,000 coins next 4 years: 1,312,500 coins etc... When that runs out, the system can support transaction fees if needed. It's based on open market competition, and there will probably always be nodes willing to process transactions for free."

-Satoshi Nakamoto

This is poetic justice.

The Lindy Effect of Poetry

The OG version of the introduction to The Bitcoin Standard: The Decentralized Alternative To Central Banking by Saifedean Ammous, was written by Nassim Nicholas Taleb. Taleb has since abandoned bitcoin and Michael Saylor re-wrote the Introduction, but Nassim still has a great concept called the Lindy Effect. The basic premise accordion to Wikipedia is, "The longer a period something has survived to exist or be used in the present, the longer its remaining life expectancy." This is often used by Bitcoiners as a steel-man argument against shitcoins. The argument goes, Bitcoin has been around the longest, so it is more likely to outlast the shitcoins. I don't disagree with that statement, but bitcoin is poetry and poetry has an even more pronounced Lindy Effect. Shakespeare died in 1616, yet his work survives over four centuries later. Those sonnets I fell in love with are older than the United States of America. Many of his clever phrases like "dead as a doornail" are part of the English vernacular. The English language would be much different if not for Shakespeare.

Bitcoin is almost 16 years old, but about every ten minutes, a new line of bitcoin poetry is written in the form of a bitcoin block. No one knows for sure, and I do not have a crystal ball, but it would not surprise me if nerds like me admire the poetry of bitcoin at block 21,000,000. This is every Bitcoiner's favorite number, but the 21 millionth block will be produced about 400 years from the Genesis Block. We, the ride-or-die bitcoin freaks, are optimistic.  We believe bitcoin will exist 400 years from now in the same way Shakespeare's Sonnets survive. Bitcoin lingo is already slipping into the wider English Vernacular. A decade ago, nobody but grumpy gold bugs and geeky bitcoiners used the term "fiat." Fiat is now part of everyday parlance. 

The mainstream media has reported that Bitcoin has died at least 477 times according to 99Bitcoins. We, the people running bitcoin, disagree. We do not believe bitcoin will die anytime soon. We think it will last generations to come. We expect it to be around hundreds of years from now like Shakesphere's sonnets, maybe even thousands of years from now like the Rosetta Stone. That's why it has captured the imaginations of so many nerds. We are currently in an age where most people think of bitcoin as an investment, but bitcoin is not an investment like a stock or bond. Bitcoin is an investment like a masterpiece. It is more in the category of a Mona Lisa. Imagine if you had a page of Romeo and Juliet that was hand written by William Shakespeare. Best of all, you could verify that it was written by Shakespeare every ten minutes. How much would that be worth now that Shakespeare has been pushing daisies for over 400 years? What if you could send that page written by Shakespeare to anyone in the world in ten minutes? Do you think anyone would be interested in one of those pages?

Bitcoin is a poem being written as we speak. This poem, written in math and translated into C++ code, was written by Satoshi Nakamoto. It is 94.26% finished. Current estimates project this poem will be finished on March 1, 2, 2138* You can buy about ten tiny pieces of this poem for about a penny.  Sure, you could have bought 100 small pieces of this poem for a penny 7 years ago, but we are still early in the scheme of things.

"It might make sense just to get some in case it catches on. If enough people think the same way, that becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy."

-- Satoshi Nakamoto

*According to Clark Moody's Dashboard as of block [874,733](https://mempool.marc26z.com/block/000000000000000000019b4fe6949b13bfbb5327b73248805d64166cdc51f683)

Marc 874,778

🧡Support🧡

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Excerpt of discussion about DIDs and ION

Melvin Carvalho:

"Not a single entity I know that's doing production deployments has actually vetted did:ion and found it to be production capable."

The guy leading the DID effort said this about ION.

Seems like they may be 6 months away from producing something.

https://github.com/decentralized-identity/ion/blob/master/docs/design.md#operations

In their design it says you can create, update, recover and activate. It is a bit magic

But update implies a versioning system. So you could think of it like updated nostr events. My key is A. Now my key is B. Tied to a content addressable static ID (like a genesis event ID).

Let's see. I hope they produce something useful. Daniel tends not to answer questions

When we first made DID, the idea was that your (d)id and your public key or hash were the same string.

As it evolved, that got broken. Which can be useful because then you can have multiple keys, but the trade off is more management needed.

So you have DID <—> controller two way link. Then it can have multiple keys. Those can be used to update the record. How that chain of records is stored, fetched and verified, is not covered by DID. So everyone will do it differently. Nostr for example could create updating keys with a NIP, it would do the same thing.

Hampus:

Basically impossible to have a convo with Daniel

Melvin Carvalho:

true. too often appeals to authority

https://identity.foundation/sidetree/spec/#update

the side tree spec has an update function

'Retrieve the Update Reveal Value that matches the previously anchored Update Commitment'

so it looks like they have a chain of anchors ... anchored to something, ion nodes i guess, which also run btc full nodes

'Embed the Anchor String in the transaction such that it can be located and parsed by any party that traverses the history of the target anchoring system'

'By leveraging the blockchain-agnostic Sidetree protocol, ION makes it possible to anchor tens of thousands of DID/DPKI operations on a target chain (in ION's case, Bitcoin) using a single on-chain transaction'

there you go

do a search in the ion repo for 'anchor' and it gives some details

https://github.com/decentralized-identity/ion/blob/66813123cf81ace05cea2039e93ef263952d6283/docs/Q-and-A.md

there's a Q & A

Ruben Somsen:

Their anchor protocol doesn't guarantee you have a full view of the data, so you can open the commitments to anything you like (provided you pre-committed to different views). In my opinion this makes the commitments pointless.

Melvin Carvalho:

'Assuming you are running your own node, you simply need to submit 1000 create operations to your node (ie. http://localhost:3000/operations) before your batch writer kicks in every 10 minutes by default, the batch writer will batch all 1000 operations into 1 bitcoin transaction thus you'll pay fee for just one transaction to the minor. The technical spec for constructing a create request can be found in Sidetree API spec, but if you know TypeScript, you are better off using the ion-sdk directly, it will save you a lot of time'

seems 3 places data is stored

anchored witness data: bitcoin tx batches of operations: ION nodes non witness data: maybe IPFS

'The logical order of operations, as determined by the underlying anchoring system (e.g. Bitcoin block and transaction order). Anchoring systems may widely vary in how they determine the logical order of operations, but the only requirement of an anchoring system is that it can provide a means to deterministically order each operation within a DID’s operational lineage.'

Ruben Somsen:

It's deterministic given a set of data, but there is no consensus on the set of data, so if A and B get presented with a different set, they come to a different conclusion

Melvin Carvalho:

yes. "DID owners can create forks within their own DID state history". so you dont actually know the full state. I think the design is of each identity has eventual consistency, with the anchor as the tie break. It can change as you know more data. But doesnt say what happens if two updates happen in the same block.

https://identity.foundation/sidetree/spec/#late-publishing

the aim is eventual consistency

so at any time you might have the wrong state, but if you had every update associated with a given id, you could determine the right order to apply the patches by using the bitcoin block chain (I dont know what happens if there's a tie in the same block) ... there's no peg in or peg out, it's just like version controlled files

Ruben Somsen:

But you can't know when you've reached the state of eventual consistency (i.e. when you finally have the full data set) and in practice it may never be reached, so there is no consensus

When there is conflicting data, the first one counts and the second one is ignored.

This problem is literally detrimental, yet it is being presented as a minor inconvenience.

Melvin Carvalho:

yes, and the first one can be published later, so systems will think the second is valid, until it isnt

Ruben Somsen:

Yup

Melvin Carvalho:

you could actually steal someone's identity, and revoke all their keys, and then reveal it years later

arguably this is worse than github

Ruben Somsen:

lol yeah you could

Melvin Carvalho:

or an attack vector, get someone's ID, but they dont know, then sell them lots of 'cheap' NFTs ... at some point you publish the new keys and reclaim all the tokens ... no one will know when they will be rug pulled

Ruben Somsen:

That was my original argument, but Daniel claimed the protocol wasn't meant for transfer of ownership rights.

Melvin Carvalho:

so then i wonder what the primary use cases are that cant be easily achieved already

'How Can ION be Used? ION can see a lot of use in many cases. The most obvious use case is for verifiable credentials. A business can credential employees, who can then be verified via blockchain on arrival at their destination. This functionality also raises its use as a means of supplying and verifying international travel documents.'

'Another use case could come from accreditation for organizations. Using an organization's public key, users can verify their accreditation status and trace their accreditation history over time.'

so i guess its an updatable profile page, but you dont know when your profile is compromised. OTOH it's free (their node is paying fees to start with), and improves BTC security budget. If you keep your key safe, and the nodes publish the updates for you, it might be a nice little profile you could use for stuff. But not sure id use it for anything high value. And nostr (for example) can do alot of this already — updatable profiles and publishing

i think it may be to a degree censorship resistant too

there's also no incentive to run a node, so im not sure why they would stick around

nodes can actually very easily censor by black listing certain tx (e.g. a hack, or sanctioned identity), removing the decentralized nature

so the nodes can never reach consensus

Ruben Somsen:

Like I said, the commitments are pointless. I think it's equivalent to just signing stuff with a key and making what you signed available for download in "the cloud".

@ 78c90fc4:4bff983c

Hier ist die Aufzeichnung des Vortrages von Cynthia Chung für die Aletheia Wissenschaftsgruppe vom 11.12.24

Cynthia Chung ist Präsidentin und Mitbegründerin der Rising Tide Foundation (zusammen mit ihrem Ehemann Matthew Ehret, der am 4. September 2024 als Gastredner des Aletheia Science Forum über „Die britischen Wurzeln des Deep State verstehen“ sprach, aufgezeichnet hier: https://www.wissenschaftstehtauf.ch/Matt_Ehret_20240904.mp4 ).\ \ Cynthia ist die Autorin der Bücher „The Shaping of a World Religion“ und „The Empire on Which the Black Sun Never Set,“ sowie Mitautorin der Buchreihe „The Clash of the Two Americas“.\ \ Ihre Substack-Seite „Through A Glass Darkly (https://cynthiachung.substack.com)“ hat über 11.000 Abonnenten. Sie schreibt über eine Vielzahl wichtiger Themen, die von geopolitischer Geschichte bis hin zu Kultur, Wissenschaft und Kunst reichen.\ \ In ihrem Vortrag konzenteriert sich Cynthia auf die Operation Gladio, das geheime „Stay-behind“-Netzwerk bewaffneter Widerstandsorganisationen, das während des Kalten Krieges in Westeuropa gegründet wurde. 

Solche historischen Einblicke können uns in der heutigen Zeit helfen, uns durch die Stürme zu navigieren, die die Zivilisation erneut bedrohen.\ \ Einführung von Stefan Heeb  https://www.proethica.ch 

Weiterführende Analysen:

Daniele Ganser: NATO Geheimarmeen in Europa

Die NATO und der rechtsextreme Staatsterror

NATO/Gladio/Verdeckte Kriegsführung 

NATO

@ 78c90fc4:4bff983c

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Formula for making games with satoshis

I think the only way to do in-game sats and make the game more interesting instead of breaking the mechanics is by doing something like

1. Asking everybody to pay the same amount to join;
2. They get that same amount inside the game as balances;
3. They must use these balances to buy items to win the game;
4. The money they used becomes available as in-game rewards for other players;
5. They must spend some money otherwise they just lose all the time;
6. They can't use too much because if they run out of money they are eliminated.

If you think about it, that's how poker mostly works, and it's one of the few games in which paying money to play makes the game more interesting and not less.

In Poker:

1. Everybody pays the same amount to join.
2. Everybody gets that amount in tokens or whatever, I don't know, this varies;
3. Everybody must pay money to bet on each hand;
4. The money used on each round is taken by the round winner;
5. If you don't bet you can't play the rounds, you're just eliminated;
6. If you go all-in all the time like a mad person you'll lose.

In a game like Worms, for example, this could be something like:

1. Idem;
2. Idem;
3. You must use money to buy guns and ammunitions;
4. Whatever you spent goes to a pot for the winners or each round -- or maybe it goes to the people that contributed in killing you;
5. If you don't buy any guns you're useless;
6. If you spend everything on a single gun that's probably unwise.

You can also apply this to games like Counter-Strike or Dota or even Starcraft or Bolo and probably to most games as long as they have a fixed duration with a fixed set of players.

The formula is not static nor a panacea. There is room for creativity on what each player can spend their money in and how the spent money is distributed during the game. Some hard task of balancing and incentivizing is still necessary so the player that starts winning doesn't automatically win for having more money as the game goes on.

@ 78c90fc4:4bff983c

Boston Marathon Bombing ist ein instruktives Beispiel einer Inszenierung

https://x.com/RealWsiegrist/status/1828068782192963670

https://x.com/RealWsiegrist/status/1863081620598595592

Corona, Ukraine und die Biowaffen

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

nix

Pra instalar o neuron fui forçado a baixar e instalar o nix. Não consegui me lembrar por que não estava usando até hoje aquele maravilhoso sistema de instalar pacotes desde a primeira vez que tentei, anos atrás.

Que sofrimento pra fazer funcionar com o fish, mas até que bem menos sofrimento que da outra vez. Tive que instalar um tal de fish-foreign-environment (usando o próprio nix!, já que a outra opção era o oh-my-fish ou qualquer outra porcaria dessas) e aí usá-lo para aplicar as definições de shell para bash direto no fish.

E aí lembrei também que o /nix/store fica cheio demais, o negócio instala tudo que existe neste mundo a partir do zero. É só para computadores muito ricos, mas vamos ver como vai ser. Estou gostando do neuron (veja, estou usando como diário), então vou ter que deixar o nix aí.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

How to attack Bitcoin, Anthony Towns' take

In his Bitcoin in 2021 blog post, Anthony Towns lists some strategies that can be used to attack Bitcoin without it looking like an attack:

1. Big companies centralizing funding on them. If a big company like Square, for example, pays most of the development work it can pretty much control the focus of the project and what PRs will be prioritized and what will be ostracized (and they could even make it look like multiple companies are doing it when in fact all the money and power is coming from a single one).
2. Attackers "willing to put in the time to establish themselves as Bitcoin contributors", which is an effort some individuals may be doing, and a big company like Square can fund.
3. Creating changes that seem to improve things but are ultimately unnecessary and introducing deliberate vulnerabilities there. All these vulnerabilities are super hard to spot even by the most experienced reviewers.
4. Creating more and more changes, and making them all pristine and correct, exhausting all the patience of reviewers, just to introduce a subtle bug somewhere in the middle. The more changes happening, more people will need to review. This gets much worse if for every 10 people 6 or 7 are being funded by the same attacker entity to just generate more noise while purposefully leaving the review work to the other, unpaid honest contributors.
5. Moving code around for the sake of modularization gives an attacker the opportunity to change small things without anyone noticing, because reviewers will be looking at the changes expecting them to be just the same old code moved to other places, not changed. Even harder to spot.
6. Another way of gaining control of the repository and the development process is to bribe out honest developers into making other things, so they'll open up space for malicious developers. For example, if a company like Square started giving grants for Bitcoin Core developers to relax a little and start working on cooler projects of their own choices while getting paid much more, they would very likely accept it.
7. Still another way is to make the experience of some honest contributors very painful and annoying or ostracizing them. He cites what might be happening today with LukeDashjr, one of the most important and competent Bitcoin Core developers, who doesn't get any funding from anyone, despite wanting it and signing up for grant programs.

@ 78c90fc4:4bff983c

Leaks enthüllen geheime britische Militärzelle, die plante, „die Ukraine im Kampf zu halten“

KIT KLARENBERG -NOVEMBER 16, 2024

Durchgesickerte Akten zeigen, dass hochrangige britische Militärs sich verschworen haben, den Bombenanschlag auf die Kertsch-Brücke durchzuführen, verdeckt „Gladio“-ähnliche Stay-behind-Kräfte in der Ukraine auszubilden und die britische Öffentlichkeit auf einen durch den Stellvertreterkrieg gegen Russland verursachten Rückgang des Lebensstandards vorzubereiten.

https://thegrayzone.com/2024/11/16/uk-plot-keep-ukraine-fighting/ via @TheGrayzoneNews 

https://x.com/ZentraleV/status/1860215305076900257

https://x.com/RealWsiegrist/status/1860591015775670314

Corona, Ukraine und die Biowaffen

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

hyperscript-go

A template rendering library similar to hyperscript for Go.

Better than writing HTML and Golang templates.

• https://github.com/fiatjaf/hyperscript-go

See also

• tempreites

@ edeb837b:ac664163

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@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Como conversar com esquerdistas

(notas de uma conversa com P.S., 12/3/17)

Escutar o que ele está falando. E se o discurso dele é só uma coleção de lugares-comuns da esquerda (como deve ser, provavelmente), não tem problema. Fazer perguntas que tentam esclarecer o sentimento por trás do discurso (por exemplo, perguntar se o esquerdista tem medo de que Michel Temer vá empobrecer o Estado), e se a resposta for, de novo, um discurso pronto, repetir o processo (por exemplo, perguntar se o esquerdista tem medo de que o Estado pobre não poderá prover educação para a população), até chegar às raízes íntimas da inquietação que aquele esquerdista sente que tem alguma relação com aquele ponto.

Quando chega-se a esse ponto, o serviço já está feito. O serviço de neutralizar a neurose para deixar a pessoa lidar com suas causas que se escondiam por baixo de um mar de racionalizações e discursos políticos.

Um exemplo é o de que a pessoa foi assaltada. Nos momentos que se seguiram ao assalto, o sentimento de impotência e desorientação que ela experimentou era grande demais para ser tolerado ("por que eu? por que agora?") e então ela usou discursos que tinha ouvido para criar uma explicação para tudo aquilo, e a explicação acabou sendo a de que a falta de educação básica é que cria assaltantes, e essa educação precisa ser fornecida pelo Estado etc.

Também não precisa ser tão traumático assim. Pode ser um fato que não envolveu nenhuma violência física, como a dor que ela sentiu ao ouvir um tio, que era professor infantil, numa roda de conversa, narrar, com alguma tristeza que ele tentava esconder, o fato de que fora demitido.

Talvez este seja o processo que Olavo tentou fazer, sempre sem sucesso (já que, imagino, sem muito empenho), ao perguntar às pessoas "de onde elas tiraram essa idéia".

É bastante importante, talvez a parte mais importante, a cada momento deste processo (e de todos, mas estamos falando deste), notar em nós mesmos que o que o que estamos fazendo, essas perguntas todas, é de certa forma também um discurso (perceba que tem até um manual ensinando, que é este texto mesmo), e que ele também deve ter suas origens neuróticas.

@ b8a9df82:6ab5cbbd

Four weeks after Adopting Bitcoin wrapped up, I find myself back in Buenos Aires. While one of the main reasons for staying is avoiding the dreary Berlin winter, the other, much stronger reason, is the people.

Anyone who knows me knows I’m a beach person through and through—dreaming of one day living in a house by the ocean. Argentina, with its economic quirks and geographical realities, isn’t exactly the ideal spot for that dream. Yet, here I am again, drawn not by the landscapes but by something far more meaningful: its people.

When I first wrote about my experience at Labitconf, I mentioned "LaCrypta" a local Bitcoin community that captured my heart. For those unfamiliar, the name might sound like it’s tied to crypto, but it’s not—it simply means “The Crypt.” And when you visit their physical space in the heart of Buenos Aires, the name suddenly makes perfect sense.

La Crypta isn’t just a community; it’s the beating heart of Bitcoin culture here. It’s a group of passionate people dedicated to development, education, and sharing knowledge about Bitcoin and the Nostr ecosystem. Their mission goes far beyond tech—it’s about empowerment, collaboration, and creating a space where ideas flourish.

Before I arrived in Buenos Aires, I had already worked with some of the La Crypta crew remotely. From the very start, they were more than helpful—honestly, they saved me more times than I can count. Organizing, finding suppliers, translating, navigating cultural nuances—things that would’ve been impossible as a foreigner were made smooth thanks to their constant support.

Even when cultural differences came into play, they did their best to accommodate my eager German punctuality. Sure, we had a couple of missed calls here and there (they’re South American, after all!), but we found a rhythm, and I learned to relax and embrace their way of doing things.

I’ll never forget walking into the physical space for the first time. The house itself is a marvel—a 100-year-old gem tucked into the bustling city, its walls whispering history. Interestingly, it was originally built by Germans (I could tell right away), and every corner is rich with quirks and stories. Newcomers are given a guided tour, learning about the house’s past and its idiosyncrasies, which they’re then responsible for passing on to the next wave of visitors. It’s a brilliant tradition, one that fosters a sense of connection to the place.

The charm of La Crypta’s space is undeniable—a century-old house surrounded by modern skyscrapers, standing out like a time capsule in the middle of the city. Of course, not everyone loves it. The neighbors occasionally complain about the raucous parties, even calling the police. But, as I’ve learned, in Argentina, there’s always a workaround for things like that.

The real magic, though, isn’t in the house—it’s in the people. After weeks of working together remotely, meeting them in person for the first time was something special. There’s nothing quite like hugging the people you’ve shared so much time, effort, and anticipation with, knowing how deeply they care.

They welcomed me with open arms, not just as a collaborator but as a friend. From day one, they’ve been my mental and emotional support system, offering far more than help with logistics. Their generosity, warmth, and genuine care reminded me that some of the most valuable things in life aren’t tied to money—they’re tied to human connection.

We bonded in so many ways, but nothing quite tops their initiation ritual: mate. For the uninitiated, mate is a traditional South American drink with a very specific etiquette. You don’t say “thank you” unless you’re done, you don’t stir the straw, and, naturally, I did everything wrong at first. But despite their teasing, I genuinely fell in love with mate, even if they still can’t believe me!

A home away from home

As I write this, just 10 days before Christmas, I’m missing my family and friends back home in Berlin. On quiet Saturday mornings like this, I wish I could just jump on a plane and hug them, feel the warmth of familiarity. But even in these moments of longing, I find comfort here. The people of La Crypta have become a surrogate family, filling my heart with their kindness and making the distance feel a little less heavy.

This experience has been life-changing. No matter where I go from here, I’ll carry a piece of La Crypta and Buenos Aires with me. For anyone who ever has the chance to visit, I urge you to experience this for yourself. The people, the place, the culture—it’s something that can’t be explained, only felt.

It’s not just a community; it’s a family. And for that, I’ll forever be grateful.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Empreendendorismo de boteco

Há no Brasil, não sei se em algum outro país, esse tipo que acha que sabe tudo e, falando alto e com convicção acaba convencendo todos os que sabem não saber nada. Entre os papéis que pode assumir o sabidão, um dos mais nocivos é o do empreendedor, o conhecedor de negócios, o que sabe quanto as coisas valem. Você conhece este homem, caro leitor, ele é aquele que, com sua voz alta e convicta, afirma coisas como "isso dá muito dinheiro" ou "tal empresa ganha dinheiro demais". É aquele que tem a fórmula do dinheiro infinito: "se você quiser ganhar dinheiro é só comprar tal coisa e revender", às vezes adicionando o sufixo "simples!". É também o que têm noção da realidade: "se eu tivesse dinheiro pra investir abriria um tal negócio, dá muito dinheiro", ele sabe que não é qualquer um que pode ser milionário: "mas precisa ter muito capital", diz ele.

Em suma, é esse tipo que espalha essa idéia, vinda não sei daonde, de que qualquer empreendimento é coisa simples e que os empresários de sucesso são homens que já tinham dinheiro e que não tiveram dificuldade alguma em multiplicá-lo.

Hoje, com a invasão dessas pessoas aos cargos públicos, o Estado vive uma grande fase de empreendendorismo, com "investimentos" em empresas de futuro que "dinamizarão" a economia (ah, as "startups" e todo o seu capital estatal!) e, principalmente, com empreendimentos próprios, como foi o caso, por exemplo, dos estádios para a Copa de 2014: além da propaganda de todos os lados, desde os jornalistas infectados pelo empreendendorismo de boteco que repetiam "os estádios darão muito lucro, pois comportam não-sei-quantas pessoas e ainda podem ser usados para eventos" aos próprios técnicos do governo que faziam contratos com administradoras com cláusulas do tipo "o Estado garante aqui um lucro de 20 bilhões por ano, menos que isto a gente completa" e ainda eram aclamados pela mídia por sua certeza de que 20 bilhões eram pouco.

@ c2827524:5f45b2f7

L’oggetto misterioso

Nostr, che in realtà è N.O.S.T.R., il cui acronimo significa Notes and Other Stuff Transmitted by Relay, è un protocollo di comunicazione nato da pochissimi anni, che promette decentralizzazione e incensurabilità. La maggior parte degli utenti internet non conosce il significato di queste due promesse, per motivi che non verranno analizzati qui (DYOR), ma decentralizzazione e incensurabilità sono tanto importanti quanto la libertà che ne consegue.

Decidere di usare il protocollo Nostr è senz’altro facoltativo e dovrebbe essere preso in considerazione per una migliore conoscenza del web. Quanto meno giudicare Nostr inutile a prescindere è un errore.

Incensurabilità

Notes and Other Stuff Transmitted by Relay è già l'essenza: l’identità e i dati non risiedono in uno specifico server centralizzato, ma su tanti piccoli serverini, i relay, che trasmettono le note (i post) scritte da un autore/un’autrice.

Questo è ciò che accade anche con i social media tradizionali, salvo il fatto che tutte le piattaforme come ~~facebook~~ o ~~twitter~~ possono decidere di cancellare l’identità digitale di un utente, eliminandolo dai propri server.

Su Nostr NO.

Il singolo runner del relay può certamente decidere di bannare una determinata identità digitale, perché magari pubblica contenuti non graditi. Questi stessi contenuti, però, resteranno visibili su altri relay e quindi fruibili per i relativi follower. Infine, si può installare il proprio relay e a quel punto solo un idiota si bannerebbe da solo.

Tue le chiavi, tua l’identità

I primi abitanti di questo piccolo universo hanno deciso di auto-definirsi Nostriches. I/le Nostriches devono solo creare una coppia di chiavi, privata e pubblica. La chiave pubblica, npub, è l’identità digitale dell’utente. Dice effettivamente chi sei e aiuta gli altri utenti a trovarti.

La chiave privata, o nsec, è la prova crittografica dell’identità digitale e questo è già un bel salto di paradigma rispetto al più diffuso sistema costituito dalla combinazione username/password. Non esistono due chiavi private uguali, quella generata per ogni singolo utente è unica ed è da quella (solo da quella e nessun’altra) che poi viene derivata la chiave privata.

Il protocollo Nostr permette, quindi, di essere i proprietari della propria identità digitale.

Ed è bene ribadire questo concetto: l’identità digitale è solo dell'utente, non è delle aziende che gestiscono il social media di turno. Lo stesso principio si applica ai dati e ai contenuti pubblicati, che appartengono ai legittimi autori e non alle piattaforme.

Già… le piattaforme

Ma quindi, come funziona Nostr? Semplice. Ci sono moltissimi client, che permettono di fare login con la chiave privata, creare un profilo completo di foto, biografia e link ai siti web, nonché di postare le note e trasmetterle ai relay cui si è deciso di farlo. Alcuni relay offrono il servizio gratuitamente, altri a pagamento e – con l’esperienza – si troverà il setup con cui iniziare.

La nsec permette di fare login ad ogni client indistintamente, senza costringere gli utenti a creare la combo username/password per ogni servizio.

Non so se è abbastanza chiaro...

Web-Of-Trust

Identità digitale e possesso dei propri contenuti sono alla base di un sogno, nato decenni fa con il web2.0 e naufragato con esso nella palude del business dei dati personali. Non me ne frega un cazzo del gombloddismoh e di cosa fanno le multinazio(a)nali dei dati personali di ogni utente, o di come questi vengano utilizzati per addestrare modelli di linguaggio avanzati.

Ciò che, a mio avviso, è rivoluzionario, è la realizzazione del sogno sogno. Il salto di paradigma è proprio il WoT, il Web-Of-Trust: essere certi che chiunque abbia la possibilità di diffondere qualsiasi tipo di messaggio, che ne sia realmente l’autore e quindi se ne assuma la responsabilità e che chiunque altro possa decidere se fruirne o meno.

Ciò implica anche la libertà di usare parole che sui social media tradizionali verrebbero censurate. Significa essere “giudicati” dai propri pari, liberi individui che decideranno se quel contenuto vale la pena di essere letto oppure no. Comporta, per i lettori, la libertà scegliere autonomamente cosa o chi seguire a seconda dei contenuti e non che un capriccioso algoritmo deciderà per loro cosa è meglio leggere o cosa no.

Non so se è abbastanza chiaro…

Client e ZAP ⚡️

Le opportunità che offre il protocollo Nostr sono molteplici. Con l’unica accortezza di custodire in maniera responsabile la nsec, con un unico “account” si può postare su client simil-twitter, blog post, link-in-bio tipo Link Tree, eventi come su Eventbride, raccogliere immagini tipo Pinterest, creare form come Google-form, ma senza avere una username e una password per ognuno degli account, senza fornire la propria email a cani e porci (che non è comunque igienico) e senza rischiare di gestire decine di password o – peggio – usarne una unica per tutti.

Infine, se ciò non fosse già abbastanza, ecco l’incentivo economico: grazie all’integrazione del protocollo Lightning Network, ogni client Nostr permette di monetizzare con i contenuti pubblicati; gli utenti decidono di premiare alcuni post tramite Zap, micro pagamenti anche di frazioni di centesimi, fino ai macro pagamenti.

Perché Nostr

Per chiunque abbia qualcosa da dire, frivolezze o concetti profondi, Nostr è quello che a Napoli in maniera geniale viene definito il fattoapposta!

Essere protagonisti in prima persona delle proprie esperienze social-web, provare l’ebbrezza di essere gli unici proprietari dell’identità digitale e dei contenuti prodotti nonché monetizzarli per merito e non per algoritmo, è una scossa che vale davvero la pena di provare.

Attualmente Nostr potrebbe apparire come una piccola bolla, uno spazio abitato da strani esseri che parlano di cose aliene come libertà finanziaria, incensurabilità e decentralizzazione. Ma si può usare il tempo concesso da un’adozione prematura per conoscere il protocollo e capirlo.

Si potrà sempre tornare ad abitare il Web2.0, uno spazio dove le idee vengono censurate o dove gli utenti che si dichiarano progressisti ed inklusivi se ne vanno perché in disaccordo con l’esito di un’elezione regolare e demograttika

Risorse per approfondire: i) https://nostr-resources.com/ ii) https://nostr.net/ iii) https://nostr.how/en/nostr-projects iv) https://nostrapps.com/

@ dd664d5e:5633d319

Christmas season hasn't actually started, yet, in Roman #Catholic Germany. We're in Advent until the evening of the 24th of December, at which point Christmas begins (with the Nativity, at Vespers), and continues on for 40 days until Mariä Lichtmess (Presentation of Christ in the temple) on February 2nd.

It's 40 days because that's how long the post-partum isolation is, before women were allowed back into the temple (after a ritual cleansing).

That is the day when we put away all of the Christmas decorations and bless the candles, for the next year. (Hence, the British name "Candlemas".) It used to also be when household staff would get paid their cash wages and could change employer. And it is the day precisely in the middle of winter.

Between Christmas Eve and Candlemas are many celebrations, concluding with the Twelfth Night called Epiphany or Theophany. This is the day some Orthodox celebrate Christ's baptism, so traditions rotate around blessing of waters.

The Monday after Epiphany was the start of the farming season, in England, so that Sunday all of the ploughs were blessed, but the practice has largely died out.

Our local tradition is for the altar servers to dress as the wise men and go door-to-door, carrying their star and looking for the Baby Jesus, who is rumored to be lying in a manger.

They collect cash gifts and chocolates, along the way, and leave the generous their powerful blessing, written over the door. The famous 20 * C + M + B * 25 blessing means "Christus mansionem benedicat" (Christ, bless this house), or "Caspar, Melchior, Balthasar" (the names of the three kings), depending upon who you ask.

They offer the cash to the Baby Jesus (once they find him in the church's Nativity scene), but eat the sweets, themselves. It is one of the biggest donation-collections in the world, called the "Sternsinger" (star singers). The money goes from the German children, to help children elsewhere, and they collect around €45 million in cash and coins, every year.

As an interesting aside:

The American "groundhog day", derives from one of the old farmers' sayings about Candlemas, brought over by the Pennsylvania Dutch. It says, that if the badger comes out of his hole and sees his shadow, then it'll remain cold for 4 more weeks. When they moved to the USA, they didn't have any badgers around, so they switched to groundhogs, as they also hibernate in winter.

@ a39d19ec:3d88f61e

This week's practical 3d print is a simple catch all tray.

Catch all tray

As for most of the useful prints I show you in this series I printed it a long time ago and can't find the link to the design file. I am pretty sure it's from Thingiverse though.

What it does

It perfectly serves as a central place for the things I commonly need when I go out. So I don't need to search for them.

What I like about the design is, that it catches all things from my pockets i.e. key, lighter, earpods, slide wallet and more when I come home. But not the dust and dirt. It falls throught the holes in tray.

3dprint #3ddruck #3dprinting

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

idea: Graph subjective reputation as a service

The idea more-or-less coded in https://github.com/fiatjaf/multi-service-reputation-rfc, but if it is as good as I think it is, it could be sold for websites without any need for information sharing and without it being an open protocol.

It could be used by websites just to show subjective reputations inside their own site (as that isn't so trivial to build, but it is still desirable).

@ 04222fa1:634e9de5

Cancel culture? participation trophies? short attention spans? lack of sarcasm? influencers? Or the death of the mall?

What's yours?

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/809232

@ bd32f268:22b33966

O título deste texto dá-nos uma pergunta retórica, isto é, uma interrogação com uma resposta evidente. Para que não restem dúvidas a resposta evidente seria, um enfático e inequívoco sim. Sim, o mal existe. Contudo, nos dias que correm muitas pessoas aparentam duvidar da existência do mal.

Creio que em verdade não será tanto uma dúvida sincera, porque de facto ninguém consegue sustentar uma visão de mundo sem ter alguma ideia do que é o mal. Penso que será mais uma tentativa de fazer apologética do mal, disfarçada de uma certa ingenuidade. O que quero dizer é que as pessoas que apregoam que o mal não existe sabem perfeitamente que existe, no entanto é conveniente negá-lo para que daí não decorra um julgamento sincero das suas atitudes. A definição objetiva destas coisas pode ser-nos difícil porque implica que nos vejamos de uma forma mais clara e honesta quando usamos de uma medida objetiva.

Ao desviarmos a atenção destes factos, tentamos de alguma forma justificar a nossa corrupção moral. Dizemos adágios populares como: “cada cabeça sua sentença”; isto para esconder um facto incontornável que é a universalidade do mal. Significa isto que o mal quando nasce é para todos, assim como o bem. Não é lógico nem racional defender que a pedofilia é um mal na nossa cultura mas que nas outras culturas não é assim tão mau. Se é um mal é-o naturalmente para a humanidade. Por outro lado defender que as leis morais são exclusivas para um determinado grupo de humanos é concorrer para a ideia de casta social ou diferença na essência do humano.

Um outro esquema que nos leva a considerar que o mal é relativo é o facto de ignorarmos de onde provém a definição de mal. É porventura frequente que imbuídos do espírito da democracia ocidental julguemos que a possível definição de mal vem da convenção social, ou seja, daquilo que a maior parte das pessoas acredita ser o mal. Contudo, facilmente percebemos que não é assim, que a definição de mal não provém de convenção social mas que depende de condições preternaturais. Há uma intemporalidade no mal que não depende da época ou da convenção social.

Penso que a analogia com a física pode ajudar-nos a perceber melhor estas realidades. Não há uma lei da gravidade diferente para a pessoa A e para a pessoa B, a lei é exatamente a mesma no entanto os corpos movem-se a diferentes velocidades e altitudes portanto sentem-na de formas diferentes.

No ramo da psicologia vejo infelizmente um problema sério que se pretende com a excessiva utilização da linguagem terapêutica para falar sobre o mal. É muitíssimo frequente ver uma tentativa de patologizar todos os males. Não negando que o distúrbio psíquico pode estar presente na pessoa que comete um mal, inclusive um mal grave, isso não significa que em muitos casos não haja um assentimento consciente e deliberado da pessoa àquela atitude. Esta linguagem terapêutica levam-nos por vezes a romantizar o mal, e a procurar narrativas que o tornam numa novela sentimental onde a pessoa é sempre rotulada como uma vítima das circunstâncias contextuais, basta vermos o exemplo do marxismo que assim a determina.

Nesta ideologia a pessoa comete crimes porque é pobre e foi vetada a uma exclusão social, como se não fosse possível à pessoa pobre seguir um caminho de retidão moral. O filme Joker ilustra bem este aspeto novelesco da romantização do mal. Neste filme a personagem principal, um psicopata degenerado, é retratado como um doente mental que procura fazer “justiça” assassinando inocentes e destruindo património. Devido à pueril noção de agência, responsabilidade individual, e livre arbítrio o mal é quase tratado como uma caminho único, como se a personagem estivesse predestinada aquele mal.

> Joaquin Phoenix - Joker 2019

São muitos os esquemas á nossa volta que além de dissimularem o mal, tentando indicar a sua inexistência, o promovem como sendo um bem. São muitas as mensagens contraditórias que promovem o exercício da vontade humana como um imperativo moral. São também frequentes as apologias à tolerância e empatia para com o mal. Contudo, isto é absurdidade. Como teremos ordem e paz sem combater os males? Como teremos espaço para a virtude quando tudo estiver tomado pelo mal ? Precisamos de filtrar este ruido para perceber de forma mais objetiva qual é a verdadeira face do mal.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

What is better than bounties and grants?

The experience with bounties from HRF wasn't great. No one has answered to the calls for implementing what they wanted because the work was too much and the risk of not getting paid very real. The experience with grants in general from Spiral is also not great: many random developers making cool but useless projects, wasted money.

The two kinds of open-source financial support that have worked so far are:

1. Paying people who are already doing useful work so they can continue doing that. That is the experience of some people who are "maintaining" Bitcoin Core, for example, or other open-source projects. You're doing a thing, you've proven yourself valuable and you definitely seem to be interested in that personally such that you don't need a boss telling you what to do, so take the money and just keep doing that.
2. Structured open-source initiatives, like the LDK effort. Although LDK is arguably useless, it has a stated goal and that goal is being delivered. I don't have any knowledge about how its development process works, but they have people being paid and "bosses" that direct the work to be done, as any team needs. So it is not the same as an open grant.

The thing that is missing is a way to provide these open loose grants to people that don't require bosses, but also that don't just pick a winner and let them do whatever stupid idea they might have (Spiral grants), and also do not mandate that they do something big before being paid and offers no guarantee of that they will be paid whatsoever.

The solution: smaller flexible bounties in large quantities

My suggestions is: instead of giving 1 bitcoin for a huge very specific project, state some "principles", or "problems", in a loose manner, that you want to see solved. For example, "we, the organization X, wants to see projects that use zero-knowledge proofs to help Bitcoin somehow, because we love zero-knowledge proofs".

Then state that you're going to give 20 grants of 0.05 bitcoins each, at random times, for projects that you see being done that may be on the right track.

That will tilt people that may had a small inclination to work on these problems to actually start doing something, and if they see that what they're doing is being appreciated and awarded with a payment, they will be more incentivized to finish it. There could even be a conditional bounty (like HRF did with Cashu) for finishing the project with certain requirements, but this only works after some structure is already in place for a certain project.

@ bbb5dda0:f09e2747

What is it about travel that makes us so addicted to it? Chasing the high of the next view, the next location. Is travel always the same as travel? I think certainly not. Is travel valuable? Then what about it provides the value. Because it's different when someone from the same country goes to that attraction, vs when you come from the other side of earth to see it. What do you gain?

Up until now travel for me has been stillness with nature, and even within the more social trips like SEC-03 I appreciate the ability to be alone and stare at the waves for hours on end. As I'm doing while typing this. Travel changes over time, as it changes you. It's not about seeing more rockfaces anymore, it's about seeing the details in just one of them. The subtle hints to a far and violent past that formed these layers of rock, now exposed for us to be seen and appreciated.

If only we did that more and not just running to so many of these places without appreciating them. Destroying the exact thing we want to see in the process. I really hope mass tourism will come to an end along with the 'social' media that created it. I ended up at a beautiful beach the other day, it came with a freaking waterfall and I saw at least a dozen people only taking basically a photoshoot of themselves or their (girl)friends for 15-30 minutes straight. It doesn't really annoy me but it just makes me wonder, do they actually notice their surroundings and are they actually enjoying the places they go to? I just hope their minds work different from mine and that they actually are enjoying themselves by doing that. As far as mass-tourism goes I wouldn't mind if we replace it with mass-wandering, to places not on the top 10's, not filled with chic hotels and resorts. Just the places that welcome you but won't live to serve you, that is what travel is to me.

I've been taking less pictures over time, the ones I take are mostly because I appreciate the composition, especially after watching the same view for over an hour, and suddenly spotting a new detail that I hadn't noticed before. Anyway, I don't even know where I'm going with this, I just felt the need to write down these thoughts...

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Boardthreads

This was a very badly done service for turning a Trello list into a helpdesk UI.

Surprisingly, it had more paying users than Websites For Trello, which I was working on simultaneously and dedicating much more time to it.

The Neo4j database I used for this was a very poor choice, it was probably the cause of all the bugs.

-https://github.com/fiatjaf/boardthreads

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

jq-finder

Made with jq-web, a tool to explore JSON using jq queries that build intermediate results so you can inspect each step of the process.

• https://jq.alhur.es/finder/
• https://github.com/fiatjaf/jq-finder

@ 141daddd:1df80a3f

This is a random post to try out Reads on Nostr.

For years, I had been waiting for the moment when stability hits my life: a stable place to live, a stable occupation or project, a stable headspace, for that matter. But it never came. And I realize now that it never will.

Since childhood my life has been a constant change of domicile, education facilities, etc. I was bron in one place, raised in another, changed 3 kindergartens and 4 schools. Then another move to study in a big city, a move abroad, a comeback and now again... It seems that the average change-stability cycle lasts around 2 years. It seems that the average change-stability cycle lasts around 2 years.

It's no wonder that I start feeling stale and bored when life becomes routine, repetitive: my nature rejects it. For a long time, I thought this constant change was a bug and I longed stability, especially seeing many people become extremely successful by doing the same thing year after year. That it's a feature is a recent revelation. Or, to be precise, it's both a bug and a feature, a two-sided coin like everything in this life.

Need to quit a job? Move to another city? Start a company or shut one down? Hire or fire someone? Conceive another child? These life-altering decisoins don't come easy to many people. As a matter of fact, some are totally paralized in life because they're afraid to make a change. But not me. Change is in my blood. The fact that the future is unknown is exciting to me, not scary.

And so far, it's worked well. Sure, impulsive decisions often cause unintended consequences and mistakes, but this is exactly how I learn, this is my modus operandi. I don't read instructions — I act.

Wow, this guy likes talking about himself!

The post is not about me. I just feel that there are many more people with a similar mindset, cultivated this way for various reasons, but even more people whose lives are too stagnant. So I want to say to them: just go for it. The worst and most extreme thing that can happen to you is death. But even that is not so bad: life-long inaction means you're already walking dead, and that is much worse.

@ 005bc4de:ef11e1a2

Nostr is changing fast, and that's a good thing. I made a "Nostr Wiki" a bit over a year ago (https://nostrwiki.vercel.app), but recently I've realized that a fair amount of the content is already outdated. Stuff has been happening and changing so quickly that a good deal of editing/omission is needed. That's actually a good thing. Means nostr is growing/maturing/evolving. Nothing worse than a project becoming stagnant.

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/808964