@ 266815e0:6cd408a5

NOTE: this is just a quick technical guide. sorry for the lack of details

Install NodeJS

Download it from the official website https://nodejs.org/en/download

Or use nvm https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm?tab=readme-ov-file#install--update-script

bash wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.39.7/install.sh | bash nvm install 20

Clone example config.yml

bash wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hzrd149/blossom-server/master/config.example.yml -O config.yml

Modify config.yml

```bash nano config.yml

or if your that type of person

vim config.yml ```

Run blossom-server

```bash npx blossom-server-ts

or install it locally and run using npm

npm install blossom-server-ts ./node_modules/.bin/blossom-server-ts ```

Now you can open http://localhost:3000 and see your blossom server

And if you set the dashboard.enabled option in the config.yml you can open http://localhost:3000/admin to see the admin dashboard

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Nostr is not decentralized nor censorship-resistant

Peter Todd has been saying this for a long time and all the time I've been thinking he is misunderstanding everything, but I guess a more charitable interpretation is that he is right.

Nostr today is indeed centralized.

Yesterday I published two harmless notes with the exact same content at the same time. In two minutes the notes had a noticeable difference in responses:

The top one was published to wss://nostr.wine, wss://nos.lol, wss://pyramid.fiatjaf.com. The second was published to the relay where I generally publish all my notes to, wss://pyramid.fiatjaf.com, and that is announced on my NIP-05 file and on my NIP-65 relay list.

A few minutes later I published that screenshot again in two identical notes to the same sets of relays, asking if people understood the implications. The difference in quantity of responses can still be seen today:

These results are skewed now by the fact that the two notes got rebroadcasted to multiple relays after some time, but the fundamental point remains.

What happened was that a huge lot more of people saw the first note compared to the second, and if Nostr was really censorship-resistant that shouldn't have happened at all.

Some people implied in the comments, with an air of obviousness, that publishing the note to "more relays" should have predictably resulted in more replies, which, again, shouldn't be the case if Nostr is really censorship-resistant.

What happens is that most people who engaged with the note are following me, in the sense that they have instructed their clients to fetch my notes on their behalf and present them in the UI, and clients are failing to do that despite me making it clear in multiple ways that my notes are to be found on wss://pyramid.fiatjaf.com.

If we were talking not about me, but about some public figure that was being censored by the State and got banned (or shadowbanned) by the 3 biggest public relays, the sad reality would be that the person would immediately get his reach reduced to ~10% of what they had before. This is not at all unlike what happened to dozens of personalities that were banned from the corporate social media platforms and then moved to other platforms -- how many of their original followers switched to these other platforms? Probably some small percentage close to 10%. In that sense Nostr today is similar to what we had before.

Peter Todd is right that if the way Nostr works is that you just subscribe to a small set of relays and expect to get everything from them then it tends to get very centralized very fast, and this is the reality today.

Peter Todd is wrong that Nostr is inherently centralized or that it needs a protocol change to become what it has always purported to be. He is in fact wrong today, because what is written above is not valid for all clients of today, and if we drive in the right direction we can successfully make Peter Todd be more and more wrong as time passes, instead of the contrary.

---

See also:

• Censorship-resistant relay discovery in Nostr
• A vision for content discovery and relay usage for basic social-networking in Nostr

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

GraphQL vs REST

Today I saw this: https://github.com/stickfigure/blog/wiki/How-to-(and-how-not-to)-design-REST-APIs

And it reminded me why GraphQL is so much better.

It has also reminded me why HTTP is so confusing and awful as a protocol, especially as a protocol for structured data APIs, with all its status codes and headers and bodies and querystrings and content-types -- but let's not talk about that for now.

People complain about GraphQL being great for frontend developers and bad for backend developers, but I don't know who are these people that apparently love reading guides like the one above of how to properly construct ad-hoc path routers, decide how to properly build the JSON, what to include and in which circumstance, what status codes and headers to use, all without having any idea of what the frontend or the API consumer will want to do with their data.

It is a much less stressful environment that one in which we can just actually perform the task and fit the data in a preexistent schema with types and a structure that we don't have to decide again and again while anticipating with very incomplete knowledge the usage of an extraneous person -- i.e., an environment with GraphQL, or something like GraphQL.

By the way, I know there are some people that say that these HTTP JSON APIs are not the real REST, but that is irrelevant for now.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Haskell Monoids

You've seen that <> syntax and noticed it is imported from Data.Monoid?

I've always thought <> was a pretty complex mathematical function and it was very odd that people were using it for Text values, like "whatever " <> textValue <> " end.".

It turns out Text is a Monoid. That means it implements the Monoid class (or typeclass), that means it has a particular way of being concatenated. Any list could be a Monoid, any abstraction you can think of for which it makes sense to concatenate could be a Monoid, and it would use the same <> syntax. What exactly <> would do with that value when concatenating depends on its typeclass implementation of Monoid.

We can assume, for example, that Text implements Monoid by just joining the text bytes, and now we can use <> without getting puzzled about it.

@ ec0d8d50:74e4c93e

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@ a012dc82:6458a70d

Table Of Content

• Content

• Conclusion

• FAQ

• You May Also Like

• External Links

Indicators, both leading and trailing, may be used to gauge the health of an economy or financial market. In other words, leading indicators change before a market trend or economic cycle.In contrast, trailing indicators are backward-looking and provide information about a market's or economy's past performance.

meaning that whereas lagging indicators provide signals based on an ongoing trend, leading indicators give predictive signals (in advance of the occurrence of events or trends). Stock, forex, and cryptocurrency traders rely heavily on these two types of indicators because of their use in technical analysis (TA).

The history of technical analysis (TA) indicators in the financial markets dates back to the early 20th century. These indicators are based on concepts established between the years spanning 1902 and 1929, when the Dow Theory was formulated. Simply put, the Dow Theory argues that price fluctuations are not random and may be anticipated via careful study of past market activity.

Additionally, both leading and trailing indicators are used when charting economic success. Because of this, they are connected to a wide range of economic data and indices in addition to technical analysis and market pricing.

How do leading and lagging indicators work?

Leading indicators

As was previously said, leading indicators may shed light on upcoming patterns. As a result, these metrics might be used to foretell the onset of a downturn or the beginning of a rebound. The stock market, retail sales, and the issuance of construction licenses are just a few examples.

Thus, leading indicators are best used for short- to medium-term forecasting because of their tendency to lead economic cycles. Permits to construct buildings, for instance, may serve as a proxy for future economic growth. They could be a sign that the need for construction workers and real estate investments will grow.

Lagging indicators

In contrast to leading indicators, which are used to predict future trends, lagging indicators are used to detect patterns that have already taken place. That's why indicators of this kind always lag behind business cycles.

Long-term evaluations, such as those based on past economic performance or past pricing data, sometimes use lagging indicators. That is to say, lagging indicators are those that provide indications based on a market trend or financial event that has already taken place.

Coincident indicators

Coincident indications are a third kind of indicator worth considering, despite their lower profile in the bitcoin industry. These signs fall between the extremes of the previous two categories. They function very quickly in order to provide data on the present state of the economy.

The number of hours worked by a workforce or the output of a certain industry (like manufacturing or mining), for example, might be used to construct a coincident indicator.

However, it is important to remember that there is some fuzziness around the precise definitions of leading, lagging, and coincident indicators. Depending on the chosen approach and the given circumstances, several signs may be classified differently. particularly prevalent in economic metrics like the gross domestic product (GDP).

Gross domestic product is often a lagging indicator since it is determined by looking back at previous data. However, it may be a coincident signal in certain circumstances when it reflects rapid changes in the economy.

Uses in technical analysis

Financial markets include economic data as well. To help them make decisions, many investors and chartists use technical analysis tools that may be classified as either leading or lagging indications.

The primary function of the leading TA indicators is to serve as a type of forecasting. They often depend on current market conditions and the number of trades. This suggests they may foretell future market shifts. However, they have the same limitations as any other kind of data analysis.

The relative strength index (RSI) and the stochastic relative strength index (Stochastic RSI) are two technical analysis leading indicators. Candlesticks, too, may be interpreted as a leading indication because of the patterns they produce. In the real world, these trends could help us predict what the market will do next.

In contrast, trailing TA indicators use historical data to provide traders with information about the past. Nonetheless, they might be useful for anticipating the emergence of new market trends. For instance, the beginning of a downtrend may be signaled when the price falls below a moving average after an uptrend has ended.

Both sorts of indicators may sometimes be seen side by side on the same chart. For example, the Ichimoku Cloud includes both forward-looking and trailing data.

There are benefits and drawbacks to using both leading and trailing indicators in technical analysis. Indicators that may foretell future trends, known as "leading indicators," seem to provide the most promising chances for traders. Unfortunately, leading indications may provide false readings.

However, trailing indicators are more trustworthy since their boundaries have already been established by recent market activity. However, lagging indicators have a clear drawback in that they are slow to respond to changes in the market. In certain situations, the indications may arrive too late for a trader to establish a profitable position, reducing the possible profits.

Uses in macroeconomics

Indicators serve as a valuable tool for analyzing macroeconomic developments in addition to the pricing market. Even though economic indicators are distinct from technical analysis indicators, they nonetheless fall into two basic categories: leading and trailing.

Other examples of leading economic indicators include retail sales, home prices, and factory activity levels. The common consensus is that these factors will influence or at least shed light on what the economy will do in the future.

Unemployment and inflation rates are two more standard instances of trailing macroeconomic indicators. These metrics, along with gross domestic product and the consumer price index, are often used to evaluate a country's progress over time or to compare it to others'.

Conclusion

Both leading and trailing indicators play crucial roles in several subfields of finance, from technical analysis to macroeconomics. Because they often combine many distinct ideas into a single tool, they are useful for interpreting a wide range of data types. Therefore, these indicators may be used to foretell or verify the occurrence of future trends. On the other hand, they may be helpful for judging a country's economic progress in terms of past years or international standards.

FAQs

What are the leading indicators in crypto? Predicting future price changes using historical data is what leading indicators are all about. To initiate a trade at the beginning of a trend, traders may use these sorts of indications to foretell the direction in which prices will go.

How do you tell if an indicator is leading or lagging? The forward-facing indicators, known as "leading indicators," scan the road ahead through the glass. To see where you've been, lagging indications use the rear window. Lagging indicators provide information about the past, such as revenue, and are used in finance.

What are leading and lagging indicators in trading? The goal of leading indicators is to foretell where the price is going, whereas the purpose of lagging indicators is to provide a report on the past circumstances that led to the present price. Over time, trend indicators (lagging indicators) determine whether a market is going up, down, or staying relatively stable.

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@ ec0d8d50:74e4c93e

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@ 52387c6b:49dbdfb2

Chef's notes

Easy start to the day, can also put some Woostr in your Bloody Mary. Perfect for washing down the toast. Breakfast of champions. If you have some sharp cheddar you can melt this on the toast, altho this may prove too complex for the average bloke, just an option. Be mindful this will add significant prep and cook time. 2-3 minutes

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 30 sec
• 🍳 Cook time: 2 min
• 🍽️ Servings: 1

Ingredients

• 2 slices of bread
• Butter
• Woostr sauce
• Bloody Mary

Directions

1. Toast bread to your liking, lather a dollop of butter on. Criss cross the toast with a butter knife ( so the woostr dont roll off) and then drizzle on woostr.

@ ec0d8d50:74e4c93e

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@ 44dc1c2d:31c74f0b

Chef's notes

If you don't have peanuts, you can sub it with peanut butter, but you'll want to cook with less salt as the peanut butter can add too much salt to the dish.

Details

• 🍽️ Servings: 4

Ingredients

• 2 1/2 cups Coconut Milk
• 3 Tbsp Red Curry Paste
• 3 Tbsp Thai Fish Sauce
• 2 Tbsp Palm sugar or light brown sugar
• 1 LB rump streak cut into thin strips
• 2 Lemon Grass Stalks, Bruised
• 3 oz Ground Roasted Peanuts
• 2 Fresh Red Chilies, Sliced
• 5 Kaffir Lime Leaves, Torn
• Salt and Pepper
• Thai Basil for Garnish
• 2 Salted eggs to serve with

Directions

1. Put half the coconut milk in a large pan or Wok and heat gently until it begins to boil and separate.
2. Add the curry paste and cook over medium heat until fragrant. Then add the Fish sauce, sugar and lemon grass.
3. Continue to cook until the color of the sauce deepens
4. Add the remaining coconut milk. Bring back to boil. Add the beef and peanuts. Cook for another ~10 min
5. Add the chilies and the torn Kaffir Lime and adjust the seasoning. Garnish with whole Basil leaves and serve with a salted egg and rice.

@ 166a42fa:3423b80f

Chef's notes

All ingredients but the blood oranges from ALDIs

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 20
• 🍳 Cook time: 0

Ingredients

• Cheddar chesse
• Blackberries
• Raspberries
• Crackers
• Cucumber
• Bell peppers
• Brie cheese
• Pepperoni
• Blood orange
• Apple
• Coconut chocolate cookies

Directions

1. Cut up all ingredients

@ 3f770d65:7a745b24

Chef's notes

For the dough, combine the water, yeast, honey, and olive oil in the bowl of an electric mixer fitted with a dough hook. Add 3 cups flour, then the salt, and mix. While mixing, add 1 more cup of flour, or enough to make a soft dough. Knead the dough on low to medium speed for about 10 minutes until smooth, sprinkling it with flour, if necessary, to keep it from sticking to the bowl. When the dough is ready, turn it out onto a floured board and knead by hand a dozen times. It should be smooth and elastic. Place the dough in a well-oiled bowl and turn it several times to cover it lightly with oil. Cover the bowl with a kitchen towel. Allow the dough to rest at room temperature for 30 minutes.

Divide the dough into 6 equal parts and roll each one into a smooth ball. Place the balls on a baking sheet and cover them with a damp towel. Allow the dough to rest for 10 minutes. Use immediately, or refrigerate for up to 4 hours.

If you've chilled the dough, take it out of the refrigerator approximately 30 minutes ahead to let it come to room temperature. Roll and stretch each ball into a rough 8-inch circle and place them all on baking sheets sprinkled with cornmeal. (You will be able to fit 2 pizzas on each 18 by 13-inch baking sheet.) You may also use a cast iron skillet if so desired.

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 45 minutes
• 🍳 Cook time: 15 minutes
• 🍽️ Servings: 6

Ingredients

• 1 1/4 cups warm (100 to 110 degrees F) water
• 2 packages dry yeast
• 1 tablespoon honey
• 3 tablespoons good olive oil
• 4 cups all-purpose flour, plus extra for kneading
• 2 teaspoons kosher salt

Directions

1. Preheat the oven to 500 degrees
2. Bake for 10 to 15 minutes, depending on your desired level of crisp.

@ 7308f407:94057dcf

Chef's notes

https://youtu.be/t0CBKwPIOLk?si=rLP0-9aDx0PNbumM

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: Prep Time for Birria Beans
• 🍳 Cook time: Initial Boiling
• 🍽️ Servings: The serving size for the Birria Beans recipe depends on the quantity of beans and broth used. Given the ingredients listed, this recipe typically serves approximately 8-10 people+.

Ingredients

• 12 cups broth from birria (previous recipe)
• 1/2 onion
• 4 jalapeños or serrano peppers
• Water
• Salt to taste
• Beef from birria (optional)

Directions

1. Wash the beans and let them soak for 30 minutes.
2. In a large pot, add all the ingredients above.
3. Set the heat to high and allow the mixture to come to a boil. Let it boil for 10 minutes.
4. Reduce the heat to medium-low and cook for about 2 to 3 hours until the beans become soft.
5. -To check the consistency of the beans, remove one from the pot to a plate. Using a fork, poke through to cut it in half. This method will help you easily tell if they are soft. You can also taste the beans.
6. -If they are not soft yet, continue to cook for another 30 minutes.
7. Every 30 minutes to 1 hour, check the beans to ensure they have enough water to cover them. They will dry out if the water level drops below the beans.
8. You can also add beef from birria into the beans for added flavor.
9. Enjoy the savory and slightly spicy flavor of the pinto beans cooked in red birria broth, topped off with cilantro, onion, and lime.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Temperos

"Templates as a service", or "temperaas", changed to "temperos" later because it was a nice pun in Portuguese.

The ideas was that it would take an URL with any file and some querystring parameters, then replace {{paramName}} with the parameters from the querystring and serve it, all stateless.

Created to make it easy for people to embed scripts on Websites For Trello (but of course it was too hard for most people).

• https://github.com/fiatjaf/temperos
• https://temperos.alhur.es/

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Pequenos problemas que o Estado cria para a sociedade e que não são sempre lembrados

- **vale-transporte**: transferir o custo com o transporte do funcionário para um terceiro o estimula a morar longe de onde trabalha, já que morar perto é normalmente mais caro e a economia com transporte é inexistente.
- **atestado médico**: o direito a faltar o trabalho com atestado médico cria a exigência desse atestado para todas as situações, substituindo o livre acordo entre patrão e empregado e sobrecarregando os médicos e postos de saúde com visitas desnecessárias de assalariados resfriados.
- **prisões**: com dinheiro mal-administrado, burocracia e péssima alocação de recursos -- problemas que empresas privadas em competição (ou mesmo sem qualquer competição) saberiam resolver muito melhor -- o Estado fica sem presídios, com os poucos existentes entupidos, muito acima de sua alocação máxima, e com isto, segundo a bizarra corrente de responsabilidades que culpa o juiz que condenou o criminoso por sua morte na cadeia, juízes deixam de condenar à prisão os bandidos, soltando-os na rua.
- **justiça**: entrar com processos é grátis e isto faz proliferar a atividade dos advogados que se dedicam a criar problemas judiciais onde não seria necessário e a entupir os tribunais, impedindo-os de fazer o que mais deveriam fazer.
- **justiça**: como a justiça só obedece às leis e ignora acordos pessoais, escritos ou não, as pessoas não fazem acordos, recorrem sempre à justiça estatal, e entopem-na de assuntos que seriam muito melhor resolvidos entre vizinhos.
- **leis civis**: as leis criadas pelos parlamentares ignoram os costumes da sociedade e são um incentivo a que as pessoas não respeitem nem criem normas sociais -- que seriam maneiras mais rápidas, baratas e satisfatórias de resolver problemas.
- **leis de trãnsito**: quanto mais leis de trânsito, mais serviço de fiscalização são delegados aos policiais, que deixam de combater crimes por isto (afinal de contas, eles não querem de fato arriscar suas vidas combatendo o crime, a fiscalização é uma excelente desculpa para se esquivarem a esta responsabilidade).
- **financiamento educacional**: é uma espécie de subsídio às faculdades privadas que faz com que se criem cursos e mais cursos que são cada vez menos recheados de algum conhecimento ou técnica útil e cada vez mais inúteis.
- **leis de tombamento**: são um incentivo a que o dono de qualquer área ou construção "histórica" destrua todo e qualquer vestígio de história que houver nele antes que as autoridades descubram, o que poderia não acontecer se ele pudesse, por exemplo, usar, mostrar e se beneficiar da história daquele local sem correr o risco de perder, de fato, a sua propriedade.
- **zoneamento urbano**: torna as cidades mais espalhadas, criando uma necessidade gigantesca de carros, ônibus e outros meios de transporte para as pessoas se locomoverem das zonas de moradia para as zonas de trabalho.
- **zoneamento urbano**: faz com que as pessoas percam horas no trânsito todos os dias, o que é, além de um desperdício, um atentado contra a sua saúde, que estaria muito melhor servida numa caminhada diária entre a casa e o trabalho.
- **zoneamento urbano**: torna ruas e as casas menos seguras criando zonas enormes, tanto de residências quanto de indústrias, onde não há movimento de gente alguma.
- **escola obrigatória + currículo escolar nacional**: emburrece todas as crianças.
- **leis contra trabalho infantil**: tira das crianças a oportunidade de aprender ofícios úteis e levar um dinheiro para ajudar a família.
- **licitações**: como não existem os critérios do mercado para decidir qual é o melhor prestador de serviço, criam-se comissões de pessoas que vão decidir coisas. isto incentiva os prestadores de serviço que estão concorrendo na licitação a tentar comprar os membros dessas comissões. isto, fora a corrupção, gera problemas reais: __(i)__ a escolha dos serviços acaba sendo a pior possível, já que a empresa prestadora que vence está claramente mais dedicada a comprar comissões do que a fazer um bom trabalho (este problema afeta tantas áreas, desde a construção de estradas até a qualidade da merenda escolar, que é impossível listar aqui); __(ii)__ o processo corruptor acaba, no longo prazo, eliminando as empresas que prestavam e deixando para competir apenas as corruptas, e a qualidade tende a piorar progressivamente.
- **cartéis**: o Estado em geral cria e depois fica refém de vários grupos de interesse. o caso dos taxistas contra o Uber é o que está na moda hoje (e o que mostra como os Estados se comportam da mesma forma no mundo todo).
- **multas**: quando algum indivíduo ou empresa comete uma fraude financeira, ou causa algum dano material involuntário, as vítimas do caso são as pessoas que sofreram o dano ou perderam dinheiro, mas o Estado tem sempre leis que prevêem multas para os responsáveis. A justiça estatal é sempre muito rígida e rápida na aplicação dessas multas, mas relapsa e vaga no que diz respeito à indenização das vítimas. O que em geral acontece é que o Estado aplica uma enorme multa ao responsável pelo mal, retirando deste os recursos que dispunha para indenizar as vítimas, e se retira do caso, deixando estas desamparadas.
- **desapropriação**: o Estado pode pegar qualquer propriedade de qualquer pessoa mediante uma indenização que é necessariamente inferior ao valor da propriedade para o seu presente dono (caso contrário ele a teria vendido voluntariamente).
- **seguro-desemprego**: se há, por exemplo, um prazo mínimo de 1 ano para o sujeito ter direito a receber seguro-desemprego, isto o incentiva a planejar ficar apenas 1 ano em cada emprego (ano este que será sucedido por um período de desemprego remunerado), matando todas as possibilidades de aprendizado ou aquisição de experiência naquela empresa específica ou ascensão hierárquica.
- **previdência**: a previdência social tem todos os defeitos de cálculo do mundo, e não importa muito ela ser uma forma horrível de poupar dinheiro, porque ela tem garantias bizarras de longevidade fornecidas pelo Estado, além de ser compulsória. Isso serve para criar no imaginário geral a idéia da __aposentadoria__, uma época mágica em que todos os dias serão finais de semana. A idéia da aposentadoria influencia o sujeito a não se preocupar em ter um emprego que faça sentido, mas sim em ter um trabalho qualquer, que o permita se aposentar.
- **regulamentação impossível**: milhares de coisas são proibidas, há regulamentações sobre os aspectos mais mínimos de cada empreendimento ou construção ou espaço. se todas essas regulamentações fossem exigidas não haveria condições de produção e todos morreriam. portanto, elas não são exigidas. porém, o Estado, ou um agente individual imbuído do poder estatal pode, se desejar, exigi-las todas de um cidadão inimigo seu. qualquer pessoa pode viver a vida inteira sem cumprir nem 10% das regulamentações estatais, mas viverá também todo esse tempo com medo de se tornar um alvo de sua exigência, num estado de terror psicológico.
- **perversão de critérios**: para muitas coisas sobre as quais a sociedade normalmente chegaria a um valor ou comportamento "razoável" espontaneamente, o Estado dita regras. estas regras muitas vezes não são obrigatórias, são mais "sugestões" ou limites, como o salário mínimo, ou as 44 horas semanais de trabalho. a sociedade, porém, passa a usar esses valores como se fossem o normal. são raras, por exemplo, as ofertas de emprego que fogem à regra das 44h semanais.
- **inflação**: subir os preços é difícil e constrangedor para as empresas, pedir aumento de salário é difícil e constrangedor para o funcionário. a inflação força as pessoas a fazer isso, mas o aumento não é automático, como alguns economistas podem pensar (enquanto alguns outros ficam muito satisfeitos de que esse processo seja demorado e difícil).
- **inflação**: a inflação destrói a capacidade das pessoas de julgar preços entre concorrentes usando a própria memória.
- **inflação**: a inflação destrói os cálculos de lucro/prejuízo das empresas e prejudica enormemente as decisões empresariais que seriam baseadas neles.
- **inflação**: a inflação redistribui a riqueza dos mais pobres e mais afastados do sistema financeiro para os mais ricos, os bancos e as megaempresas.
- **inflação**: a inflação estimula o endividamento e o consumismo.
- **lixo:** ao prover coleta e armazenamento de lixo "grátis para todos" o Estado incentiva a criação de lixo. se tivessem que pagar para que recolhessem o seu lixo, as pessoas (e conseqüentemente as empresas) se empenhariam mais em produzir coisas usando menos plástico, menos embalagens, menos sacolas.
- **leis contra crimes financeiros:** ao criar legislação para dificultar acesso ao sistema financeiro por parte de criminosos a dificuldade e os custos para acesso a esse mesmo sistema pelas pessoas de bem cresce absurdamente, levando a um percentual enorme de gente incapaz de usá-lo, para detrimento de todos -- e no final das contas os grandes criminosos ainda conseguem burlar tudo.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

nostr - Notes and Other Stuff Transmitted by Relays

The simplest open protocol that is able to create a censorship-resistant global "social" network once and for all.

It doesn't rely on any trusted central server, hence it is resilient; it is based on cryptographic keys and signatures, so it is tamperproof; it does not rely on P2P techniques, therefore it works.

Very short summary of how it works, if you don't plan to read anything else:

Everybody runs a client. It can be a native client, a web client, etc. To publish something, you write a post, sign it with your key and send it to multiple relays (servers hosted by someone else, or yourself). To get updates from other people, you ask multiple relays if they know anything about these other people. Anyone can run a relay. A relay is very simple and dumb. It does nothing besides accepting posts from some people and forwarding to others. Relays don't have to be trusted. Signatures are verified on the client side.

This is needed because other solutions are broken:

The problem with Twitter

• Twitter has ads;
• Twitter uses bizarre techniques to keep you addicted;
• Twitter doesn't show an actual historical feed from people you follow;
• Twitter bans people;
• Twitter shadowbans people.
• Twitter has a lot of spam.

The problem with Mastodon and similar programs

• User identities are attached to domain names controlled by third-parties;
• Server owners can ban you, just like Twitter; Server owners can also block other servers;
• Migration between servers is an afterthought and can only be accomplished if servers cooperate. It doesn't work in an adversarial environment (all followers are lost);
• There are no clear incentives to run servers, therefore they tend to be run by enthusiasts and people who want to have their name attached to a cool domain. Then, users are subject to the despotism of a single person, which is often worse than that of a big company like Twitter, and they can't migrate out;
• Since servers tend to be run amateurishly, they are often abandoned after a while — which is effectively the same as banning everybody;
• It doesn't make sense to have a ton of servers if updates from every server will have to be painfully pushed (and saved!) to a ton of other servers. This point is exacerbated by the fact that servers tend to exist in huge numbers, therefore more data has to be passed to more places more often;
• For the specific example of video sharing, ActivityPub enthusiasts realized it would be completely impossible to transmit video from server to server the way text notes are, so they decided to keep the video hosted only from the single instance where it was posted to, which is similar to the Nostr approach.

The problem with SSB (Secure Scuttlebutt)

• It doesn't have many problems. I think it's great. In fact, I was going to use it as a basis for this, but
• its protocol is too complicated because it wasn't thought about being an open protocol at all. It was just written in JavaScript in probably a quick way to solve a specific problem and grew from that, therefore it has weird and unnecessary quirks like signing a JSON string which must strictly follow the rules of ECMA-262 6th Edition;
• It insists on having a chain of updates from a single user, which feels unnecessary to me and something that adds bloat and rigidity to the thing — each server/user needs to store all the chain of posts to be sure the new one is valid. Why? (Maybe they have a good reason);
• It is not as simple as Nostr, as it was primarily made for P2P syncing, with "pubs" being an afterthought;
• Still, it may be worth considering using SSB instead of this custom protocol and just adapting it to the client-relay server model, because reusing a standard is always better than trying to get people in a new one.

The problem with other solutions that require everybody to run their own server

• They require everybody to run their own server;
• Sometimes people can still be censored in these because domain names can be censored.

How does Nostr work?

• There are two components: clients and relays. Each user runs a client. Anyone can run a relay.
• Every user is identified by a public key. Every post is signed. Every client validates these signatures.
• Clients fetch data from relays of their choice and publish data to other relays of their choice. A relay doesn't talk to another relay, only directly to users.
• For example, to "follow" someone a user just instructs their client to query the relays it knows for posts from that public key.
• On startup, a client queries data from all relays it knows for all users it follows (for example, all updates from the last day), then displays that data to the user chronologically.
• A "post" can contain any kind of structured data, but the most used ones are going to find their way into the standard so all clients and relays can handle them seamlessly.

How does it solve the problems the networks above can't?

• Users getting banned and servers being closed
• A relay can block a user from publishing anything there, but that has no effect on them as they can still publish to other relays. Since users are identified by a public key, they don't lose their identities and their follower base when they get banned.
• Instead of requiring users to manually type new relay addresses (although this should also be supported), whenever someone you're following posts a server recommendation, the client should automatically add that to the list of relays it will query.
• If someone is using a relay to publish their data but wants to migrate to another one, they can publish a server recommendation to that previous relay and go;
• If someone gets banned from many relays such that they can't get their server recommendations broadcasted, they may still let some close friends know through other means with which relay they are publishing now. Then, these close friends can publish server recommendations to that new server, and slowly, the old follower base of the banned user will begin finding their posts again from the new relay.

• All of the above is valid too for when a relay ceases its operations.

• Censorship-resistance

• Each user can publish their updates to any number of relays.

• A relay can charge a fee (the negotiation of that fee is outside of the protocol for now) from users to publish there, which ensures censorship-resistance (there will always be some Russian server willing to take your money in exchange for serving your posts).

• Spam

• If spam is a concern for a relay, it can require payment for publication or some other form of authentication, such as an email address or phone, and associate these internally with a pubkey that then gets to publish to that relay — or other anti-spam techniques, like hashcash or captchas. If a relay is being used as a spam vector, it can easily be unlisted by clients, which can continue to fetch updates from other relays.

• Data storage

• For the network to stay healthy, there is no need for hundreds of active relays. In fact, it can work just fine with just a handful, given the fact that new relays can be created and spread through the network easily in case the existing relays start misbehaving. Therefore, the amount of data storage required, in general, is relatively less than Mastodon or similar software.

• Or considering a different outcome: one in which there exist hundreds of niche relays run by amateurs, each relaying updates from a small group of users. The architecture scales just as well: data is sent from users to a single server, and from that server directly to the users who will consume that. It doesn't have to be stored by anyone else. In this situation, it is not a big burden for any single server to process updates from others, and having amateur servers is not a problem.

• Video and other heavy content

• It's easy for a relay to reject large content, or to charge for accepting and hosting large content. When information and incentives are clear, it's easy for the market forces to solve the problem.

• Techniques to trick the user

• Each client can decide how to best show posts to users, so there is always the option of just consuming what you want in the manner you want — from using an AI to decide the order of the updates you'll see to just reading them in chronological order.

FAQ

• This is very simple. Why hasn't anyone done it before?

I don't know, but I imagine it has to do with the fact that people making social networks are either companies wanting to make money or P2P activists who want to make a thing completely without servers. They both fail to see the specific mix of both worlds that Nostr uses.

• How do I find people to follow?

First, you must know them and get their public key somehow, either by asking or by seeing it referenced somewhere. Once you're inside a Nostr social network you'll be able to see them interacting with other people and then you can also start following and interacting with these others.

• How do I find relays? What happens if I'm not connected to the same relays someone else is?

You won't be able to communicate with that person. But there are hints on events that can be used so that your client software (or you, manually) knows how to connect to the other person's relay and interact with them. There are other ideas on how to solve this too in the future but we can't ever promise perfect reachability, no protocol can.

• Can I know how many people are following me?

No, but you can get some estimates if relays cooperate in an extra-protocol way.

• What incentive is there for people to run relays?

The question is misleading. It assumes that relays are free dumb pipes that exist such that people can move data around through them. In this case yes, the incentives would not exist. This in fact could be said of DHT nodes in all other p2p network stacks: what incentive is there for people to run DHT nodes?

• Nostr enables you to move between server relays or use multiple relays but if these relays are just on AWS or Azure what’s the difference?

There are literally thousands of VPS providers scattered all around the globe today, there is not only AWS or Azure. AWS or Azure are exactly the providers used by single centralized service providers that need a lot of scale, and even then not just these two. For smaller relay servers any VPS will do the job very well.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Músicas grudentas e conversas

Uma vez que você ouviu uma música grudenta e ela volta, inteira, com toda a melodia e a harmonia, muitos dias depois, contra a sua vontade. Mas uma conversa é impossível de lembrar. Por quê?

@ f977c464:32fcbe00

Kendisini aynada ilk defa gördüğü o gün, diğerleri gibi olduğunu anlamıştı. Oysaki her insan biricik olmalıydı. Sözgelimi sinirlendiğinde bir kaşı diğerinden birkaç milimetre daha az çatılabilirdi veya sevindiğinde dudağı ona has bir açıyla dalgalanabilirdi. Hatta bunların hiçbiri mümkün değilse, en azından, gözlerinin içinde sadece onun sahip olabileceği bir ışık parlayabilirdi. Çok sıradan, öyle sıradan ki kimsenin fark etmediği o milyonlarca minik şeyden herhangi biri. Ne olursa.

Ama yansımasına bakarken bunların hiçbirini bulamadı ve diğer günlerden hiç de farklı başlamamış o gün, işe gitmek için vagonunun gelmesini beklediği alelade bir metro istasyonunda, içinde kaybolduğu illüzyon dağılmaya başladı.

İlk önce derisi döküldü. Tam olarak dökülmedi aslında, daha çok kıvılcımlara dönüşüp bedeninden fırlamış ve bir an sonra sönerek külleşmiş, havada dağılmıştı. Ardında da, kaybolmadan hemen önce, kısa süre için hayal meyal görülebilen, bir ruhun yok oluşuna ağıt yakan rengârenk peri cesetleri bırakmıştı. Beklenenin aksine, havaya toz kokusu yayıldı.

Dehşete düştü elbette. Dehşete düştüler. Panikle üstlerini yırtan 50 işçi. Her şeyin sebebiyse o vagon.

Saçları da döküldü. Her tel, yere varmadan önce, her santimde ikiye ayrıla ayrıla yok oldu.

Bütün yüzeylerin mat olduğu, hiçbir şeyin yansımadığı, suyun siyah aktığı ve kendine ancak kameralarla bakabildiğin bir dünyada, vagonun içine yerleştirilmiş bir aynadan ilk defa kendini görmek.

Gözlerinin akları buharlaşıp havada dağıldı, mercekleri boşalan yeri doldurmak için eriyip yayıldı. Gerçeği görmemek için yaratılmış, bu yüzden görmeye hazır olmayan ve hiç olmayacak gözler.

Her şeyin o anda sona erdiğini sanabilirdi insan. Derin bir karanlık ve ölüm. Görmenin görmek olduğu o anın bitişi.

---

Ben geldiğimde ölmüşlerdi.

Yani bozulmuşlardı demek istiyorum.

Belleklerini yeni taşıyıcılara takmam mümkün olmadı. Fiziksel olarak kusursuz durumdaydılar, olmayanları da tamir edebilirdim ama tüm o hengamede kendilerini baştan programlamış ve girdilerini modifiye etmişlerdi.

Belleklerden birini masanın üzerinden ileriye savurdu. Hınca hınç dolu bir barda oturuyorlardı. O ve arkadaşı.

Sırf şu kendisini insan sanan androidler travma geçirip delirmesin diye neler yapıyoruz, insanın aklı almıyor.

Eliyle arkasını işaret etti.

Polislerin söylediğine göre biri vagonun içerisine ayna yerleştirmiş. Bu zavallılar da kapı açılıp bir anda yansımalarını görünce kafayı kırmışlar.

Arkadaşı bunların ona ne hissettirdiğini sordu. Yani o kadar bozuk, insan olduğunu sanan androidi kendilerini parçalamış olarak yerde görmek onu sarsmamış mıydı?

Hayır, sonuçta belirli bir amaç için yaratılmış şeyler onlar. Kaliteli bir bilgisayarım bozulduğunda üzülürüm çünkü parasını ben vermişimdir. Bunlarsa devletin. Bana ne ki?

Arkadaşı anlayışla kafasını sallayıp suyundan bir yudum aldı. Kravatını biraz gevşetti.

Bira istemediğinden emin misin?

İstemediğini söyledi. Sahi, neden deliriyordu bu androidler?

Basit. Onların yapay zekâlarını kodlarken bir şeyler yazıyorlar. Yazılımcılar. Biliyorsun, ben donanımdayım. Bunlar da kendilerini insan sanıyorlar. Tiplerine bak.

Sesini alçalttı.

Arabalarda kaza testi yapılan mankenlere benziyor hepsi. Ağızları burunları bile yok ama şu geldiğimizden beri sakalını düzeltip duruyor mesela. Hayır, hepsi de diğerleri onun sakalı varmış sanıyor, o manyak bir şey.

Arkadaşı bunun delirmeleriyle bağlantısını çözemediğini söyledi. O da normal sesiyle konuşmaya devam etti.

Anlasana, aynayı falan ayırt edemiyor mercekleri. Lönk diye kendilerini görüyorlar. Böyle, olduğu gibi...

Nedenmiş peki? Ne gerek varmış?

Ne bileyim be abicim! Ahiret soruları gibi.

Birasına bakarak dalıp gitti. Sonra masaya abanarak arkadaşına iyice yaklaştı. Bulanık, bir tünelin ucundaki biri gibi, şekli şemalı belirsiz bir adam.

Ben seni nereden tanıyorum ki ulan? Kimsin sen?

Belleği makineden çıkardılar. İki kişiydiler. Soruşturmadan sorumlu memurlar.

─ Baştan mı başlıyoruz, diye sordu belleği elinde tutan ilk memur.

─ Bir kere daha deneyelim ama bu sefer direkt aynayı sorarak başla, diye cevapladı ikinci memur.

─ Bence de. Yeterince düzgün çalışıyor.

Simülasyon yüklenirken, ayakta, biraz arkada duran ve alnını kaşıyan ikinci memur sormaktan kendisini alamadı:

─ Bu androidleri niye böyle bir olay yerine göndermişler ki? Belli tost olacakları. İsraf. Gidip biz baksak aynayı kırıp delilleri mahvetmek zorunda da kalmazlar.

Diğer memur sandalyesinde hafifçe dönecek oldu, o sırada soruyu bilgisayarın hoparlöründen teknisyen cevapladı.

Hangi işimizde bir yamukluk yok ki be abi.

---

Ama bir son değildi. Üstlerindeki tüm illüzyon dağıldığında ve çıplak, cinsiyetsiz, birbirinin aynı bedenleriyle kaldıklarında sıra dünyaya gelmişti.

Yere düştüler. Elleri -bütün bedeni gibi siyah turmalinden, boğumları çelikten- yere değdiği anda, metronun zemini dağıldı.

Yerdeki karolar öncesinde beyazdı ve çok parlaktı. Tepelerindeki floresan, ışığını olduğu gibi yansıtıyor, tek bir lekenin olmadığı ve tek bir tozun uçmadığı istasyonu aydınlatıyorlardı.

Duvarlara duyurular asılmıştı. Örneğin, yarın akşam kültür merkezinde 20.00’da başlayacak bir tekno blues festivalinin cıvıl cıvıl afişi vardı. Onun yanında daha geniş, sarı puntolu harflerle yazılmış, yatay siyah kesiklerle çerçevesi çizilmiş, bir platformdan düşen çöp adamın bulunduğu “Dikkat! Sarı bandı geçmeyin!” uyarısı. Biraz ilerisinde günlük resmi gazete, onun ilerisinde bir aksiyon filminin ve başka bir romantik komedi filminin afişleri, yapılacakların ve yapılmayacakların söylendiği küçük puntolu çeşitli duyurular... Duvar uzayıp giden bir panoydu. On, on beş metrede bir tekrarlanıyordu.

Tüm istasyonun eni yüz metre kadar. Genişliği on metre civarı.

Önlerinde, açık kapısından o mendebur aynanın gözüktüğü vagon duruyordu. Metro, istasyona sığmayacak kadar uzundu. Bir kılıcın keskinliğiyle uzanıyor ama yer yer vagonların ek yerleriyle bölünüyordu.

Hiçbir vagonda pencere olmadığı için metronun içi, içlerindekiler meçhuldü.

Sonrasında karolar zerrelerine ayrılarak yükseldi. Floresanın ışığında her yeri toza boğdular ve ortalığı gri bir sisin altına gömdüler. Çok kısa bir an. Afişleri dalgalandırmadılar. Dalgalandırmaya vakitleri olmadı. Yerlerinden söküp aldılar en fazla. Işık birkaç kere sönüp yanarak direndi. Son kez söndüğünde bir daha geri gelmedi.

Yine de etraf aydınlıktı. Kırmızı, her yere eşit dağılan soluk bir ışıkla.

Yer tamamen tele dönüşmüştü. Altında çapraz hatlarla desteklenmiş demir bir iskelet. Işık birkaç metreden daha fazla aşağıya uzanamıyordu. Sonsuzluğa giden bir uçurum.

Duvarın yerini aynı teller ve demir iskelet almıştı. Arkasında, birbirine vidalarla tutturulmuş demir plakalardan oluşan, üstünden geçen boruların ek yerlerinden bazen ince buharların çıktığı ve bir süre asılı kaldıktan sonra ağır, yağlı bir havayla sürüklendiği bir koridor.

Diğer tarafta paslanmış, pencerelerindeki camlar kırıldığı için demir plakalarla kapatılmış külüstür bir metro. Kapının karşısındaki aynadan her şey olduğu gibi yansıyordu.

---

Bir konteynırın içini andıran bir evde, gerçi gayet de birbirine eklenmiş konteynırlardan oluşan bir şehirde “andıran” demek doğru olmayacağı için düpedüz bir konteynırın içinde, masaya mum görüntüsü vermek için koyulmuş, yarı katı yağ atıklarından şekillendirilmiş kütleleri yakmayı deniyordu. Kafasında hayvan kıllarından yapılmış grili siyahlı bir peruk. Aynı kıllardan kendisine gür bir bıyık da yapmıştı.

Üstünde mavi çöp poşetlerinden yapılmış, kravatlı, şık bir takım.

Masanın ayakları yerine oradan buradan çıkmış parçalar konulmuştu: bir arabanın şaft mili, üst üste konulmuş ve üstünde yazı okunamayan tenekeler, boş kitaplar, boş gazete balyaları... Hiçbir şeye yazı yazılmıyordu, gerek yoktu da zaten çünkü merkez veri bankası onları fark ettirmeden, merceklerden giren veriyi sentezleyerek insanlar için dolduruyordu. Yani, androidler için. Farklı şekilde isimlendirmek bir fark yaratacaksa.

Onların mercekleri için değil. Bağlantıları çok önceden kopmuştu.

─ Hayatım, sofra hazır, diye bağırdı yatak odasındaki karısına.

Sofrada tabak yerine düz, bardak yerine bükülmüş, çatal ve bıçak yerine sivriltilmiş plakalar.

Karısı salonun kapısında durakladı ve ancak kulaklarına kadar uzanan, kocasınınkine benzeyen, cansız, ölü hayvanların kıllarından ibaret peruğunu eliyle düzeltti. Dudağını, daha doğrusu dudağının olması gereken yeri koyu kırmızı bir yağ tabakasıyla renklendirmeyi denemişti. Biraz da yanaklarına sürmüştü.

─ Nasıl olmuş, diye sordu.

Sesi tek düzeydi ama hafif bir neşe olduğunu hissettiğinize yemin edebilirdiniz.

Üzerinde, çöp poşetlerinin içini yazısız gazete kağıtlarıyla doldurarak yaptığı iki parça giysi.

─ Çok güzelsin, diyerek kravatını düzeltti kocası.

─ Sen de öylesin, sevgilim.

Yaklaşıp kocasını öptü. Kocası da onu. Sonra nazikçe elinden tutarak, sandalyesini geriye çekerek oturmasına yardım etti.

Sofrada yemek niyetine hiçbir şey yoktu. Gerek de yoktu zaten.

Konteynırın kapısı gürültüyle tekmelenip içeri iki memur girene kadar birbirlerine öyküler anlattılar. O gün neler yaptıklarını. İşten erken çıkıp yemyeşil çimenlerde gezdiklerini, uçurtma uçurduklarını, kadının nasıl o elbiseyi bulmak için saatlerce gezip yorulduğunu, kocasının kısa süreliğine işe dönüp nasıl başarılı bir hamleyle yaşanan krizi çözdüğünü ve kadının yanına döndükten sonra, alışveriş merkezinde oturdukları yeni dondurmacının dondurmalarının ne kadar lezzetli olduğunu, boğazlarının ağrımasından korktuklarını...

Akşam film izleyebilirlerdi, televizyonda -boş ve mat bir plaka- güzel bir film oynayacaktı.

İki memur. Çıplak bedenleriyle birbirinin aynı. Ellerindeki silahları onlara doğrultmuşlardı. Mum ışığında, tertemiz bir örtünün serili olduğu masada, bardaklarında şaraplarla oturan ve henüz sofranın ortasındaki hindiye dokunmamış çifti gördüklerinde bocaladılar.

Hiç de androidlere bilinçli olarak zarar verebilecek gibi gözükmüyorlardı.

─ Sessiz kalma hakkına sahipsiniz, diye bağırdı içeri giren ikinci memur. Söylediğiniz her şey...

Cümlesini bitiremedi. Yatak odasındaki, masanın üzerinden gördüğü o şey, onunla aynı hareketleri yapan android, yoksa, bir aynadaki yansıması mıydı?

Bütün illüzyon o anda dağılmaya başladı.

Not: Bu öykü ilk olarak 2020 yılında Esrarengiz Hikâyeler'de yayımlanmıştır.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Bluesky is a scam

Bluesky advertises itself as an open network, they say people won't lose followers or their identity, they advertise themselves as a protocol ("atproto") and because of that they are tricking a lot of people into using them. These three claims are false.

protocolness

Bluesky is a company. "atproto" is the protocol. Supposedly they are two different things, right? Bluesky just releases software that implements the protocol, but others can also do that, it's open!

And yet, the protocol has an official webpage with a waitlist and a private beta? Why is the protocol advertised as a company product? Because it is. The "protocol" is just a description of whatever the Bluesky app and servers do, it can and does change anytime the Bluesky developers decide they want to change it, and it will keep changing for as long as Bluesky apps and servers control the biggest part of the network.

Oh, so there is the possibility of other players stepping in and then it becomes an actual interoperable open protocol? Yes, but what is the likelihood of that happening? It is very low. No serious competitor is likely to step in and build serious apps using a protocol that is directly controlled by Bluesky. All we will ever see are small "community" apps made by users and small satellite small businesses -- not unlike the people and companies that write plugins, addons and alternative clients for popular third-party centralized platforms.

And last, even if it happens that someone makes an app so good that it displaces the canonical official Bluesky app, then that company may overtake the protocol itself -- not because they're evil, but because there is no way it cannot be like this.

identity

According to their own documentation, the Bluesky people were looking for an identity system that provided global ids, key rotation and human-readable names.

They must have realized that such properties are not possible in an open and decentralized system, but instead of accepting a tradeoff they decided they wanted all their desired features and threw away the "decentralized" part, quite literally and explicitly (although they make sure to hide that piece in the middle of a bunch of code and text that very few will read).

The "DID Placeholder" method they decided to use for their global identities is nothing more than a normal old boring trusted server controlled by Bluesky that keeps track of who is who and can, at all times, decide to ban a person and deprive them from their identity (they dismissively call a "denial of service attack").

They decided to adopt this method as a placeholder until someone else doesn't invent the impossible alternative that would provide all their desired properties in a decentralized manner -- which is nothing more than a very good excuse: "yes, it's not great now, but it will improve!".

openness

Months after launching their product with an aura of decentralization and openness and getting a bunch of people inside that believed, falsely, they were joining an actually open network, Bluesky has decided to publish a part of their idea of how other people will be able to join their open network.

When I first saw their app and how they were very prominently things like follower counts, like counts and other things that are typical of centralized networks and can't be reliable or exact on truly open networks (like Nostr), I asked myself how were they going to do that once they became and open "federated" network as they were expected to be.

Turns out their decentralization plan is to just allow you, as a writer, to host your own posts on "personal data stores", but not really have any control over the distribution of the posts. All posts go through the Bluesky central server, called BGS, and they decide what to do with it. And you, as a reader, doesn't have any control of what you're reading from either, all you can do is connect to the BGS and ask for posts. If the BGS decides to ban, shadow ban, reorder, miscount, hide, deprioritize, trick or maybe even to serve ads, then you are out of luck.

Oh, but anyone can run their own BGS!, they will say. Even in their own blog post announcing the architecture they assert that "it’s a fairly resource-demanding service" and "there may be a few large full-network providers". But I fail to see why even more than one network provider will exist, if Bluesky is already doing that job, and considering the fact there are very little incentives for anyone to switch providers -- because the app does not seem to be at all made to talk to multiple providers, one would have to stop using the reliable, fast and beefy official BGS and start using some half-baked alternative and risk losing access to things.

When asked about the possibility of switching, one of Bluesky overlords said: "it would look something like this: bluesky has gone evil. there's a new alternative called freesky that people are rushing to. I'm switching to freesky".

The quote is very naïve and sounds like something that could be said about Twitter itself: "if Twitter is evil you can just run your own social network". Both are fallacies because they ignore the network-effect and the fact that people will never fully agree that something is "evil". In fact these two are the fundamental reasons why -- for social networks specifically (and not for other things like commerce) -- we need truly open protocols with no owners and no committees.

@ ec0d8d50:74e4c93e

Welcome to the Winning Circle

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Crickex Affiliate 101: Unleashing the Power of Partnership

Joining the Crickex Affiliate program opens the door to a world of possibilities. With its robust platform, comprehensive marketing tools, and generous commission structure, Crickex Affiliate provides everything you need to succeed as a betting affiliate. Whether you're promoting cricket matches, football fixtures, or any other sporting event, Crickex Affiliate empowers you to monetize your traffic and maximize your earnings like never before.

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Beyond Cricket: Exploring Other Exciting Betting Opportunities

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As we wrap up our journey through the world of online betting, one thing is clear: Crickex Affiliate is your ticket to success. With its innovative platform, lucrative commission structure, and unwavering commitment to customer satisfaction, Crickex Affiliate empowers affiliates to thrive in the fast-paced world of online betting. So why wait? Join the winning team today and start maximizing your earnings with Crickex Affiliate!

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Jofer

Jofer era um jogador diferente. À primeira vista não, parecia igual, um volante combativo, perseguia os atacantes adversários implacavelmente, um bom jogador. Mas não era essa a característica que diferenciava Jofer. Jofer era, digamos, um chutador.

Começou numa semifinal de um torneio de juniores. O time de Jofer precisava do empate e estava sofrendo uma baita pressão do adversário, mas o jogo estava 1 a 1 e parecia que ia ficar assim mesmo, daquele jeito futebolístico que parece, parece mesmo. Só que aos 46 do segundo tempo tomaram um gol espírita, Ruizinho do outro time saiu correndo pela esquerda e, mesmo sendo canhoto, foi cortando para o meio, os zagueiros meio que achando que já tinha acabado mesmo, devia ter só mais aquele lance, o árbitro tinha dado dois minutos, Ruizinho chutou, marcou e o goleiro, que só pulou depois que já tinha visto que não ia ter jeito, ficou xingando.

A bola saiu do meio e tocaram para Jofer, ninguém nem veio marcá-lo, o outro time já estava comemorando, e com razão, o juiz estava de sacanagem em fazer o jogo continuar, já estava tudo acabado mesmo. Mas não, estava certo, mais um minuto de acréscimo, justo. Em um minuto dá pra fazer um gol. Mas como? Jofer pensou nas partidas da NBA em que com alguns centésimos de segundo faltando o armador jogava de qualquer jeito para a cesta e às vezes acertava. De trás do meio de campo, será? Não vou ter nem força pra fazer chegar no gol. Vou virar piada, melhor tocar pro Fumaça ali do lado e a gente perde sem essa humilhação no final. Mas, poxa, e daí? Vou tentar mesmo assim, qualquer coisa eu falo que foi um lançamento e daqui a uns dias todo mundo esquece. Olhou para o próprio pé, virou ele de ladinho, pra fora e depois pra dentro (bom, se eu pegar daqui, direitinho, quem sabe?), jogou a bola pro lado e bateu. A bola subiu escandalosamente, muito alta mesmo, deve ter subido uns 200 metros. Jofer não tinha como ter a menor noção. Depois foi descendo, o goleirão voltando correndo para debaixo da trave e olhando pra bola, foi chegando e pulando já só pra acompanhar, para ver, dependurado no travessão, a bola sair ainda bem alta, ela bateu na rede lateral interna antes de bater no chão, quicar violentamente e estufar a rede no alto do lado direito de quem olhava.

Mas isso tudo foi sonho do Jofer. Sonhou acordado, numa noite em que demorou pra dormir, deitado na sua cama. Ficou pensando se não seria fácil, se ele treinasse bastante, acertar o gol bem de longe, tipo no sonho, e se não dava pra fazer gol assim. No dia seguinte perguntou a Brunildinho, o treinador de goleiros. Era difícil defender essas bolas, ainda mais se elas subissem muito, o goleiro ficava sem perspectiva, o vento alterava a trajetória a cada instante, tinha efeito, ela cairia rápido, mas claro que não valia à pena treinar isso, a chance de acertar o gol era minúscula. Mas Jofer só ia tentar depois que treinasse bastante e comprovasse o que na sua imaginação parecia uma excelente idéia.

Começou a treinar todos os dias. Primeiro escondido, por vergonha dos colegas, chegava um pouco antes e ficava lá, chutando do círculo central. Ao menor sinal de gente se aproximando, parava e ia catar as bolas. Depois, quando começou a acertar, perdeu a vergonha. O pessoal do clube todo achava engraçado quando via Jofer treinando e depois ouvia a explicação da boca de alguém, ninguém levava muito a sério, mas também não achava de todo ridículo. O pessoal ria, mas no fundo torcia praquilo dar certo, mesmo.

Aconteceu que num jogo que não valia muita coisa, empatezinho feio, aos 40 do segundo tempo, a marcação dos adversários já não estava mais pressionando, todo mundo contente com o empate e com vontade de parar de jogar já, o Henrique, meia-esquerdo, humilde, mas ainda assim um pouco intimidante para Jofer (jogava demais), tocou pra ele. Vai lá, tenta sua loucura aí. Assumiu a responsabilidade do nosso volante introspectivo. Seria mais verossímil se Jofer tivesse errado, primeira vez que tentou, restava muito tempo ainda pra ele ter a chance de ser herói, ninguém acerta de primeira, mas ele acertou. Quase como no sonho, Lucas, o goleiro, não esperava, depois que viu o lance, riu-se, adiantou-se para pegar a bola que ele julgava que quicaria na área, mas ela foi mais pra frente, mais e mais, daí Lucas já estava correndo, só que começou a pensar que ela ia pra fora, e ele ia só se dependurar no travessão e fazer seu papel de estar na bola. Acabou que por conta daquele gol eles terminaram em segundo no grupo daquele torneiozinho, ao invés de terceiro, e não fez diferença nenhuma.

@ 47bda7da:bc297ef0

"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum."

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

O caso da Grêmio TV

enquanto vinha se conduzindo pela plataforma superior daquela arena que se pensava totalmente preenchida por adeptos da famosa equipe do Grêmio de Porto Alegre, viu-se, como por obra de algum nigromante - dos muitos que existem e estão a todo momento a fazer más obras e a colocar-se no caminhos dos que procuram, se não fazer o bem acima de todas as coisas, a pelo menos não fazer o mal no curso da realização dos seus interesses -, o discretíssimo jornalista a ser xingado e moído em palavras por uma horda de malandrinos a cinco ou seis passos dele surgida que cantavam e moviam seus braços em movimentos que não se pode classificar senão como bárbaros, e assim cantavam:

Grêmio TV pior que o SBT !

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Replacing the web with something saner

This is a simplification, but let's say that basically there are just 3 kinds of websites:

1. Websites with content: text, images, videos;
2. Websites that run full apps that do a ton of interactive stuff;
3. Websites with some interactive content that uses JavaScript, or "mini-apps";

In a saner world we would have 3 different ways of serving and using these. 1 would be "the web" (and it was for a while, although I'm not claiming here that the past is always better and wanting to get back to the glorious old days).

1 would stay as "the web", just static sites, styled with CSS, no JavaScript whatsoever, but designers can still thrive and make they look pretty. Or it could also be something like Gemini. Maybe the two protocols could coexist.

2 would be downloadable native apps, much easier to write and maintain for developers (considering that multi-platform and cross-compilation is easy today and getting easier), faster, more polished experience for users, more powerful, integrates better with the computer.

(Remember that since no one would be striving to make the same app run both on browsers and natively no one would have any need for Electron or other inefficient bloated solutions, just pure native UI, like the Telegram app, have you seen that? It's fast.)

But 2 is mostly for apps that people use every day, something like Google Docs, email (although email is also broken technology), Netflix, Twitter, Trello and so on, and all those hundreds of niche SaaS that people pay monthly fees to use, each tailored to a different industry (although most of functions they all implement are the same everywhere). What do we do with dynamic open websites like StackOverflow, for example, where one needs to not only read, but also search and interact in multiple ways? What about that website that asks you a bunch of questions and then discovers the name of the person you're thinking about? What about that mini-app that calculates the hash of your provided content or shrinks your video, or that one that hosts your image without asking any questions?

All these and tons of others would fall into category 3, that of instantly loaded apps that you don't have to install, and yet they run in a sandbox.

The key for making category 3 worth investing time into is coming up with some solid grounds, simple enough that anyone can implement in multiple different ways, but not giving the app too much choices.

Telegram or Discord bots are super powerful platforms that can accomodate most kinds of app in them. They can't beat a native app specifically made with one purpose, but they allow anyone to provide instantly usable apps with very low overhead, and since the experience is so simple, intuitive and fast, users tend to like it and sometimes even pay for their services. There could exist a protocol that brings apps like that to the open world of (I won't say "web") domains and the websockets protocol -- with multiple different clients, each making their own decisions on how to display the content sent by the servers that are powering these apps.

Another idea is that of Alan Kay: to design a nice little OS/virtual machine that can load these apps and run them. Kinda like browsers are today, but providing a more well-thought, native-like experience and framework, but still sandboxed. And I add: abstracting away details about design, content disposition and so on.

---

These 3 kinds of programs could coexist peacefully. 2 are just standalone programs, they can do anything and each will be its own thing. 1 and 3, however, are still similar to browsers of today in the sense that you need clients to interact with servers and show to the user what they are asking. But by simplifying everything and separating the scopes properly these clients would be easy to write, efficient, small, the environment would be open and the internet would be saved.

See also

• On the state of programs and browsers

@ ec0d8d50:74e4c93e

Betting on fouls in football is an exciting and often overlooked market. It requires a keen understanding of the game and the players' behavior on the field. This article explores strategies for betting on fouls in football, providing a comprehensive guide to help you make informed bets using Megapari.

Understanding the Nature of Fouls in Football:

Fouls are a fundamental aspect of football, influenced by various factors such as player temperament, match intensity, and refereeing style.

• Types of Fouls: Common fouls include tackles, handballs, and unsporting behavior.
• Referee Influence: Referees' leniency or strictness can significantly impact the number of fouls in a match.

Key Factors to Consider When Betting on Fouls:

Several factors can affect the frequency and nature of fouls in a football match.

• Player Temperament: Players known for their aggressive style or frequent yellow/red cards.
• Match Context: High-stakes matches often see more fouls due to increased intensity.
• Tactical Play: Teams employing physical or defensive tactics are likely to commit more fouls.

Betting Markets for Fouls on Megapari:

Megapari offers various betting markets related to fouls, providing multiple ways to capitalize on this aspect of the game.

• Total Fouls: Betting on the total number of fouls committed in a match.
• Player Fouls: Wagering on individual players to commit a certain number of fouls.
• Team Fouls: Betting on which team will commit more fouls.

Strategies for Betting on Fouls:

Effective strategies can help you navigate the unpredictable nature of fouls in football.

• Research and Analysis: Study team and player statistics, referee profiles, and historical match data.
• Live Betting: Use live betting options to place wagers as the match unfolds and player behaviors become apparent.
• Contextual Betting: Consider the importance of the match, rivalries, and current standings when placing bets.

Leveraging Megapari’s Features for Foul Betting:

Megapari provides several tools and features to enhance your foul betting experience.

• In-Depth Statistics: Access detailed stats on player and team fouls.
• Live Updates: Get real-time updates and adjust your bets accordingly.
• Promotions and Bonuses: Take advantage of special promotions for foul-related bets.

Examples of High-Foul Matches:

Explore historical matches known for high foul counts and consider these when making future bets.

• Derby Matches: Local derbies often see increased fouls due to intense rivalries. Title Deciders: Matches with significant implications for titles or relegation battles.

Conclusion:

Betting on fouls in football can be a thrilling and profitable market if approached with the right strategies and insights. By understanding the key factors influencing fouls and utilizing Megapari's comprehensive betting features

@ 7308f407:94057dcf

Chef's notes

This recipe is from a YouTube video that my mom sent to me because she wanted to try it. I made the recipe for my family once, and it was a success. We made Birria bowls, Birria nachos, Quesatacos (crispy tacos filled with cheese, birria, cilantro, onion and Salsa Macha.) I have been using this recipe for the last three years.

The YouTube title is "BIRRIA ESTILO TIJUANA en la birriería 'EL HOMMIE'". https://youtu.be/zAn8iM8dR14?si=gdYKBPyqyX13bwyo

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: The prep time for the recipe involves several steps, including preparing the vegetables, roasting and preparing the chiles, blending the ingredients, and straining the sauce. Here's a rough estimate of the prep time: Preparing vegetables and chiles (cutting, roasting, and removing seeds): 15 minutes Blending and straining the sauce: 10 minutes Mixing ingredients and initial setup for cooking the meat: 10-15 minutes Overall, the estimated prep time is now approximately 35-40 minutes.
• 🍳 Cook time: The cooking time for the recipe involves several steps: Boiling the sauce: 20 minutes Cooking the meat in the broth: 4-8 hours (The cooking time for the meat in the broth depends on how small or big you cut the meat before cooking.) Additional steps such as cooking down the fat (if using for Quesatacos): 20 minutes Overall, the estimated cooking time is approximately 4 hours and 40 minutes to 8 hours and 40 minutes.
• 🍽️ Servings: This recipe typically serves approximately 8-10 people +, depending on how much meat each person eats or how many tacos you make.

Ingredients

• 24 Guajillo chiles
• 17 Pasilla chiles
• 1 large onion
• Water (to boil dry chiles)
• 5 cloves
• 2 bay leaves
• 3 tablespoons salt
• 5 garlic cloves
• Salt to taste
• Ingredients for Cooking Birria:
• 1/2 bunch cilantro
• 10 tablespoons dried oregano
• 2 teaspoons dried thyme
• 1 + 1/2 tablespoons ground black pepper
• 2 tablespoons ground cumin
• 6 cups water
• Adobo sauce (from dry chiles listed above)

Directions

1. Adobo Sauce Preparation:
2. To prepare the vegetables for the Adobo sauce, cut the tomatoes into halves. Next, cut the white onion into quarters.
3. Remove the stem and seeds from the dried peppers. Roast the ancho and guajillo chiles for a couple of seconds on each side.
4. In a medium/large pot, turn the heat to medium. Add water, chiles, onion, tomatoes, five garlic cloves, five cloves, and two bay leaves along with three tablespoons of salt.
5. As some of the vegetables and spices boil, blend the ingredients from the pot. Once combined, add them back to the pot and merge the next batch.
6. Remove the bay leaves to prevent them from blending into the sauce.
7. Once all ingredients are blended, boil the sauce for 20 minutes, removing the foam that rises to the surface. Cooking the sauce down allows the tomatoes to break down and develop a great taste with the spices.
8. After the sauce is finished cooking, use a large bowl and metal strainer to strain the sauce, removing the pepper seeds and any remnants of the tomato.
9. Meat Preparation:
10. In a large pot, add the meat along with 1/2 bunch of cilantro, ten tablespoons of dried oregano, two teaspoons of dried thyme, 1 1/2 teaspoons of ground black pepper, two tablespoons of ground cumin, six cups of water, and the Adobo sauce you previously made.
11. Mix all ingredients in the pot to ensure the Adobo sauce is evenly dispersed.
12. Cook on high heat until it begins to boil. Once boiling, stir the ingredients, cover with a lid, and set to the lowest heat setting on the stove. Cook for about 4-8 hours with the lid on.
13. After the cooking time, verify that the meat is tender by using a fork to cut through. If the meat is not tender enough, add more time to cook on low.
14. If the meat is to your desired consistency, remove it to another bowl. Allow the meat to cool down if you are shredding it by hand. If not, keep it aside to add back to the pot once the broth is strained. You can also chop the meat using a knife to break it down into smaller pieces.
15. Remove the cilantro and discard it along with any other unwanted parts from the broth.
16. Remove the fat from the broth into a bowl and keep it aside if you would like to use it for Quesatacos.
17. If using the fat from the broth, cook it down on medium heat for about 20 minutes. This breaks down the fat from a solid to a liquid. After cooking, strain the fat to separate the solids from the liquid.
18. Strain all sauce using a metal strainer.
19. Leave some sauce on the side if you are making beans with the broth (about 12 cups).
20. Once the broth is strained, add the meat back into the pot.
21. Ready to serve with meat in its broth, as Quesatacos, or however you would like to enjoy the Birria.

@ 94cf5e4a:7df02514

The world of online betting has come a long way since its inception. From rudimentary websites with limited options to sophisticated platforms like Melbet, the industry has evolved remarkably. This article delves into the early stages of online betting games, highlighting key milestones, technological advancements, and how Melbet has revolutionized the online betting experience.

The Birth of Online Betting

Online betting began in the mid-1990s with the advent of the internet. Early platforms were simple, offering basic betting options and limited sports coverage. The first online betting sites were often extensions of physical sportsbooks, aimed at reaching a broader audience.

• Key Developments: Introduction of secure online payment methods, basic user interfaces, and limited live betting options.

Technological Advancements:

As technology advanced, so did online betting platforms. The late 1990s and early 2000s saw the integration of more sophisticated software, better graphics, and improved user experiences.

• Significant Innovations: Enhanced security measures, the advent of live streaming, and the introduction of mobile betting apps.

Melbet’s Entry and Impact:

Melbet entered the market with a focus on user-centric features and extensive betting options. By offering a wide range of sports, casino games, and innovative betting markets, Melbet set a new standard in the industry.

• Unique Features: Real-time betting, diverse payment options, and a comprehensive mobile app.

User Experience and Interface:

Early online betting platforms were often clunky and difficult to navigate. Melbet, however, prioritized a seamless user experience, making it easy for bettors to find and place bets quickly.

• User-Friendly Design: Intuitive interface, quick access to popular bets, and personalized user dashboards.

Live Betting and Real-Time Updates:

One of the most significant advancements in online betting is live betting. Melbet excels in this area by providing real-time updates and live streaming of events, allowing users to make informed bets as the action unfolds.

• Real-Time Betting: Live odds adjustments, instant bet placement, and interactive features like cash-out options.

Future Trends in Online Betting:

The future of online betting looks promising with advancements in artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and blockchain technology. Melbet continues to innovate, staying ahead of trends and offering cutting-edge features to its users.

• Emerging Technologies: AI-driven predictions, VR-based betting experiences, and secure blockchain transactions.

Conclusion:

The journey of online betting from its early stages to the present day has been marked by significant technological advancements and increased user engagement. Melbet has played a crucial role in this evolution, offering a top-notch betting experience with innovative features and a user-friendly interface. As the industry continues to grow, Melbet remains at the forefront, shaping the future of online betting.

@ deab79da:88579e68

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 30 min
• 🍳 Cook time: 20-30 min
• 🍽️ Servings: 4

Ingredients

• 1 lb cod fillets
• 1/4 cup butter
• 1/4 cup white flour
• 1 1/4 cups milk
• 1 tsp salt
• pepper to taste
• 1 small onion
• 1 carrot
• 3 celery stalks
• 1/2 cup breadcrumbs
• 1/2 cup shredded old cheddar

Directions

1. Preheat oven to 375F. Place cod in a greased baking dish.
2. Make the white sauce in a heavy saucepan. Melt the butter over medium heat and stir in the flour until smooth. Remove from heat and slowly stir in half of the milk, then return to heat and beat until smooth and shiny.
3. Gradually add the remaining milk, followed by salt, pepper, and your vegetables. Cook until sauce is smooth & thickened.
4. Pour sauce over the fish, and sprinkle breadcrumbs and cheese over the top.
5. Bake, uncovered for 20-30 minutes until sauce bubbles and the cheese begins to brown. Let rest 10 minutes after cooking completes.

@ b804f68e:2fb0fa1f

The streak of writing consecutively on SN has come to an end after a successful 37 days. It’s a bit of a bummer since I had just set my next target to reach 90 days. However, this break in the streak sparked two thoughts that I felt were worth sharing.

The first thought comes from an explanation I heard a while back when I was working on breaking an unhealthy habit. I can’t remember who said it or how it was exactly worded, but the idea was that you don’t start all over again from zero when you lose a streak. You simply pick up from where you left off, and the effort and energy put into your previous streak continue to count as you build back up again. The person also emphasized the power of zooming out and looking at it over a year. As long as the total number of days you work on building (or breaking) a habit each year is more than the previous year, and continues to increase annually, you are heading in the right direction regardless of the consecutive streak. In the case of writing on SN, I’ve already written and posted 37 more days than I did the whole of last year. And I will continue to keep stacking those days of writing. So, if you recently lost a streak and are feeling down, don’t be. Chances are, compared to previous years, you’ve already done more or are well on your way to doing so!

The second point I wanted to bring up is the concept of quality over quantity. I absolutely believe in this concept, especially in the long term. However, I also think there’s a great advantage to focusing on quantity and getting your reps in. Think of it as quantity being preparation for quality. Eventually, we all want to emphasize quality and maintain it in whatever we do, but in the early stages of learning or practicing anything, there is value in quantity as well. In my case, writing consecutively on SN has helped me improve my writing skills, and because of the regular practice, the quality of my writing has gradually improved. As the number of reps increases, the quality begins to develop. And when the beneficial effects of quantity start to slow down, as tends to happen with the natural diminishing returns of focusing only on quantity, one can start focusing more on the quality of each rep. In the long run, I envision myself continuing to write either on SN, on my own blog, or maybe for some company, where the emphasis will be on quality over quantity. But for now, as I still have a lot of areas to improve in my writing ability, I will continue to prioritize getting my reps in and focus on quantity as a path to quality.

@ deab79da:88579e68

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 30 min
• 🍳 Cook time: ~20 min

Ingredients

• 4 boneless skinless chicken breast
• 1 small onion
• 1-3 jalapeno pepper, to taste
• 1/2 cup soy sauce
• 1/2 cup pineapple juice
• 1/4 cup olive oil
• 1/4 cup apple cider vinegar
• Juice of 1 lime
• 1 tsp honey
• 2 cloves garlic, minced
• 1/2 tsp ground nutmeg
• 1/2 tsp ground ginger
• 1/2 tsp allspice
• 1/2 tsp red pepper flakes
• small bunch of fresh cilantro
• Salt & Pepper

Directions

1. Put all of the ingredients, except the chicken breast, in a blender and blend until smooth
2. Let the chicken marinate ine the mixture for several hours, or overnight
3. Best cooked on a charcoal or gas grill. In a pinch, medium heat in a saute pan will do.
4. Remove the chicken from the marinade and grill or saute until cooked through. While the chicken is cooking, place the remaining marinade in a small saucepan and bring to a boil. Simmer for 5 minutes.
5. When the chicken is cooked, allow to rest for 5 minutes. Before serving brush the chicken with the remaining glaze. Serve with your favorite seasonal vegetables.

@ 614420cd:d4678b70

test

@ deab79da:88579e68

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 10 min
• 🍳 Cook time: 50 min
• 🍽️ Servings: 6

Ingredients

• 4 large eggs
• 3/4 cup granulated sugar
• 3 cups milk
• 1 cup heavy whipping cream
• 2 teaspoons vanilla extract
• 1 1/2 teaspoons ground cinnamon
• 3 cups cooked rice , cooled
• 1 cup raisins

Directions

1. Preheat oven to 350 degrees F.
2. Beat the eggs and sugar together. Slowly pour in the milk and cream and mix well.
3. Add the vanilla and cinnamon and mix well. Add the rice and raisins and stir to combine.
4. Pour mixture into a greased casserole dish. Any oven-safe dish will work--you can use one pan to bake at least 9x9'' or bigger, or smaller individualized serving dishes.
5. Place the filled casserole dish inside a larger, oven-proof dish. Add about 2 inches of water to the larger pan (or enough to fill about halfway up the side of the rice pudding dish). This method will help the pudding to have a custard texture.
6. If using a 9x9'' or slightly larger pan, bake for 40-50 minutes or until the top has set (It's okay if it jiggles just slightly). Serve warm.
7. Leftovers store well in the refrigerator for up to 5 days.

@ 0461fcbe:35a474dd

Nostr has an optimization problem. Events can exist anywhere on the network, and clients don't know when to stop looking.

This is the same problem the outbox model aims to solve, but you can do more than just route authors to specific relays. You can make certain judgements about filters themselves.

On Nostr, different filters have different fulfillment criteria.

For example, take the ids filter:

json { "ids": ["1", "2", "3"] }

Since events on Nostr are immutable, and IDs are a hash of the event's content, this filter is inherently fulfilled when we have gathered (and verified) all of the events with these IDs.

So, the above filter can be optimized by adding a limit equal to the number of IDs:

json { "ids": ["1", "2", "3"], "limit": 3 }

The limit is a hint that both clients and relays can use to know when to stop searching. For example, a client who sends this REQ to five relays can short-circuit as soon as the 3 events have been found from any relays, without having to wait for all five relays to EOSE.

Replaceable events by author

A less obvious optimization concerns filters for replaceable events by author, like this:

json { "kinds": [0], "authors": ["alex", "fiatjaf"] }

Kind 0 is a replaceable event, meaning relays should only serve one event of that kind for each author. As a result, the intrinsic limit of the filter is equal to the number of authors in the filter:

json { "kinds": [0], "authors": ["alex", "fiatjaf"], "limit": 2 }

When filtering by multiple replaceable kinds, the intrinsic limit is the number of authors multipied by the number of kinds:

json { "kinds": [0, 3], "authors": ["alex", "fiatjaf"], "limit": 4 }

Adding a single non-replaceable kind to filter makes us lose knowledge about its limit, making the filter potentially infinite again:

json { "kinds": [0, 3, 1], "authors": ["alex", "fiatjaf"] }

Empty filters

A final optimization allows clients to avoid sending filters to a relay at all, because the filter's intrinsic limit is 0. Those filters are listed below.

A filter with an empty kinds array:

json { "kinds": [] }

A filter with an empty authors array:

json { "authors": [] }

A filter with an empty ids array:

json { "ids": [] }

Any other filter that contains contains an empty kinds, authors or ids always has an instrinsic limit of 0:

json { "kinds": [], "authors": ["alex", "fiatjaf"] }

(It doesn't matter that you're searching for authors here. Since no kinds can match, the filter has an intrinsic limit of 0.)

All of these filters can be optimized by adding "limit": 0 to them.

Clients can optimize empty filters by not sending them to relays at all, and relays can optimize them by not querying their database. In both cases, an empty result set is returned.

nostr-tools

A function to calculate the intrinsic limit of a filter has been added to nostr-tools. It looks like this:

``ts /** Calculate the intrinsic limit of a filter. This function may returnInfinity`. */ function getFilterLimit(filter: Filter): number { if (filter.ids && !filter.ids.length) return 0 if (filter.kinds && !filter.kinds.length) return 0 if (filter.authors && !filter.authors.length) return 0

return Math.min( Math.max(0, filter.limit ?? Infinity), filter.ids?.length ?? Infinity, filter.authors?.length && filter.kinds?.every(kind => isReplaceableKind(kind)) ? filter.authors.length * filter.kinds.length : Infinity, ) } ```

To use it, you can import it from nostr-tools:

ts import { getFilterLimit } from 'nostr-tools';

Then before you query a relay, you can modify the filters to add limits, and remove any empty filters:

```ts /* Query a relay using Nostr filters. / function query(filters: NostrFilter[]): Promise { filters = optimizeFilters(filters); return relay.query(filters); // call the relay }

/* Add a limit to each filter if possible, and remove filters that can't produce any events. / function optimizeFilters(filters: NostrFilter[]): NostrFilter[] { return filters.reduce((acc, filter) => { const limit = getFilterLimit(filter); if (limit > 0) { acc.push(limit === Infinity ? filter : { ...filter, limit }); } return acc; }, []); } ```

Combined with the Outbox Model

While ids filters are inherently fulfilled when the intrinsic limit is reached, replaceable events by authors can have multiple versions of the events on different relays. So adding a limit does not completely solve the problem on its own.

But combined with an Outbox approach, where specific relays are selected for specific authors, we should be able to stop querying when the intrinsic limit is reached, with reasonable confidence that we have the latest version (or one of the latest versions) of the events. This combined approach helps us resolve content faster and more accurately.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

IPFS problems: General confusion

Most IPFS open-source projects, libraries and apps (excluding Ethereum stuff) are things that rely heavily on dynamic data and temporary links. The most common projects you'll see when following the IPFS communities are chat rooms and similar things. I've seen dozens of these chat-rooms. There's also a famous IPFS-powered database. How can you do these things with content-addressing is a mistery. Of course they probably rely on IPNS or other external address system.

There's also a bunch of "file-sharing" on IPFS. The kind of thing people use for temporary making a file available for a third-party. There's image sharing on IPFS, pastebins on IPFS and so on. People don't seem to share the preoccupation with broken links here.

@ 6aadf4c9:b5ae0fd1

Chef's notes

The viral TikTok spaghetti squash recipe that everybody loves! It is super tasty, light and low carb.

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 20 mins
• 🍳 Cook time: 1 hour and 5 mins
• 🍽️ Servings: 2

Ingredients

• Squash
• Ground turkey
• Onion
• Spinach
• Tomatoes
• Boursin Cheese
• Mozzerella Cheese
• Heavy whipping Cream
• olive oil
• Butter
• Green pepper
• Garlic

Directions

1. Preheat the oven to 425°F
2. Cut the squash in half, drizzle olive oil and use a pastry brush to spread it around. Season with salt, pepper, onion, garlic powder, oregano and parsley
3. Bake the oven for 1 hour
4. Slice some onions, green pepper, tomatoes, and garlic. Sautee in a pan with butter and olive oil
5. Add heavy whipping cream, boursin cheese and stir
6. Add the mozzerella cheese and the cooked ground turkey or your meat of choice
7. Bring the squash out of the oven, use a fork to pull apart the squash to form spaghetti
8. Add your sauce into the spaghetti squash boat
9. Top it with some mozzerella cheese and leave in oven for about 3mins on broil to melt the cheese
10. Serve and Enjoy!

@ 92cb589e:adb37f9b

yo

@ c11cf5f8:4928464d

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@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Scala is such a great language

Scala is amazing. The type system has the perfect balance between flexibility and powerfulness. match statements are great. You can write imperative code that looks very nice and expressive (and I haven't tried writing purely functional things yet). Everything is easy to write and cheap and neovim integration works great.

But Java is not great. And the fact that Scala is a JVM language doesn't help because over the years people have written stuff that depends on Java libraries -- and these Java libraries are not as safe as the Scala libraries, they contain reflection, slowness, runtime errors, all kinds of horrors.

Scala is also very tightly associated with Akka, the actor framework, and Akka is a giant collection of anti-patterns. Untyped stuff, reflection, dependency on JVM, basically a lot of javisms. I just arrived and I don't know anything about the Scala history or ecosystem or community, but I have the impression that Akka has prevent more adoption of Scala from decent people that aren't Java programmers.

But luckily there is a solution -- or two solutions: ScalaJS is a great thing that exists. It transpiles Scala code into JavaScript and it runs on NodeJS or in a browser!

Scala Native is a much better deal, though, it compiles to LLVM and then to binary code and you can have single binaries that run directly without a JVM -- not that the single JARs are that bad though, they are great and everybody has Java so I'll take that anytime over C libraries or NPM-distributed software, but direct executables even better. Scala Native just needs a little more love and some libraries and it will be the greatest thing in a couple of years.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Que vença o melhor

Nos esportes e jogos em geral, existe uma constante preocupação em balancear os incentivos e atributos do jogo, as regras do esporte em si e as regras das competições para que o melhor vença, ou, em outras palavras, para que sejam minimizados os outros fatores exceto a habilidade mais pura quanto possível no jogo em questão.

O mundo fora dos jogos, porém, nem sempre pode ter suas regras mudadas por um ente que as controla e está imbuído da vontade e dos meios para escolher as melhores regras possíveis para a obtenção dos resultados acima. Aliás, é muitas vezes essa possibilidade é até impensável. Mesmo quando ela é pensável e levada em conta os fatores que operam no mundo real não são facilmente identificáveis, eles são muitos, e mudam o tempo todo.

Mais do que isso, ao contrário de um jogo em que o objetivo é praticamente o mesmo para todo mundo, os objetivos de cada agente no mundo real são diferentes e incontáveis, e as "competições" que cada um está disputando são diferentes e muitas, cada minúsculo ato de suas vidas compreendendo várias delas simultaneamente.

Da mesma forma, é impossível conceber até mesmo o conceito de "melhor" para que se deseje que ele vença.

Mesmo assim é comum encontrarmos em várias situações gente que parte do princípio de que se Fulano está num certo lugar (por exemplo, um emprego muito bom) e Beltrano não isso se deve ao fato de Fulano ter sido melhor que Beltrano.

Está aí uma crítica à idéia da meritocracia (eu tinha me esquecido que essa palavra existia).

@ 126a29e8:d1341981

Esta es la traducción de una carta de Ross Ulbricht que se publicó en su blog en Septiembre de 2019. Podéis leer el artículo original aquí: https://rossulbricht.medium.com/bitcoin-equals-freedom-6c33986b4852

Algo especial sucedió en el primer año después de que Satoshi nos regalara Bitcoin. Algo que nadie esperaba y que muchos pensaban que era imposible. Intenta imaginar Bitcoin en aquel entonces, antes de que pudieras comprar cosas con él, antes de que hubiera un tipo de cambio, antes de que nadie supiera realmente qué pasaría con él, si es que pasaba algo. Bitcoin no empezó como dinero. Se convirtió en dinero, pero lo hizo de forma distinta a cualquier dinero anterior. A pesar de todas las cosas que Bitcoin ha hecho posibles, a pesar de todas las formas en que está cambiando nuestro mundo, no apreciamos plenamente o ni siquiera entendemos lo que sucedió en aquellos primeros días, cuando era sólo un juguete para geeks.

Cualquier otro dinero anterior al Bitcoin -en la larga historia de la civilización humana- se valoraba por razones distintas a su uso como dinero. El ganado en África, los sellos de correos en las prisiones, las conchas marinas y los metales preciosos se han utilizado como dinero y encajan en este patrón. La única excepción es el dinero fiduciario -algo declarado como dinero por una autoridad-, pero incluso las monedas fiduciarias nacionales estuvieron en su día respaldadas por algo con valor previo, como el oro.

Bitcoin cambió todo eso. Bitcoin no tenía ningún valor previo y nadie estaba obligado a utilizarlo, pero de alguna manera se convirtió en un medio de intercambio. Las personas que no entienden y se preocupan poco por Bitcoin pueden, sin embargo, aceptarlo como pago porque saben que puede ser utilizado para pagar por otra cosa o ser intercambiado por dinero convencional.

La gente suele mencionar las pizzas que se compraron por diez mil bitcoins y, en retrospectiva, se burlan del tipo que se comió lo que se convertiría en un almuerzo multimillonario. A mí me interesa más la persona que renunció a dos pizzas en perfecto estado por meros bitcoins. ¿Qué vio en esos bits y bytes, en esa firma digital de algo que la gente llamaba cadena de bloques? Lo que motivó al vendedor de pizzas pudo haber llamado también la atención de los primeros mineros, que no podían vender pero acumulaban alegremente. Quizá inspiró a los que simplemente regalaban bitcoins por miles. Fuera lo que fuese, era algo nuevo.

La teoría económica clásica dice que un intercambio no se produce a menos que ambas partes valoren más lo que reciben que lo que entregan. Entonces, ¿de dónde viene el valor? Bitcoin nunca debería haber despegado, pero lo hizo. Incluso un producto nuevo tiene algún tipo de valor, y los primeros en adoptarlo corren el riesgo de no obtener el valor de su dinero, pero aún así esperan ganar con el intercambio.

En cambio, los primeros usuarios de Bitcoin no tenían ni idea de lo que sabemos ahora. Todo lo que tenían era un sueño, una convicción y el entusiasmo suficiente para convertir un artilugio digital en un fenómeno multimillonario del que sólo estamos empezando a ver los efectos.

Te diré lo que creo que pasó, aunque lo cierto es que nadie lo sabe. Es casi magia que Bitcoin pudiera surgir de la nada y, sin valor previo ni decreto de autoridad, convertirse en dinero. Pero Bitcoin no se originó en el vacío. Fue la solución a un problema con el que los criptógrafos llevaban lidiando muchos años: Cómo crear dinero digital sin autoridad central que no pudiera falsificarse y en el que se pudiera confiar.

Este problema persistió durante tanto tiempo que algunos dejaron la solución a otros y soñaron en cambio con cómo sería nuestro futuro si el dinero digital descentralizado llegara a existir de alguna manera. Soñaban con un futuro en el que el poder económico del mundo estuviera al alcance de todos, en el que el valor pudiera transferirse a cualquier lugar con sólo pulsar una tecla. Soñaban con que la prosperidad y libertad dependieran únicamente de las matemáticas de una encriptación robusta.

Bitcoin nacía pues en terreno fértil y era reconocido por quienes lo habían estado esperando. Fue un momento histórico para ellos, mucho más importante que las pizzas o las facturas de la electricidad generadas por la minería. La promesa de libertad y el encanto del destino dieron energía a la comunidad inicial. Bitcoin se adoptó consciente y espontáneamente como dinero mientras nadie lo veía, y nuestro mundo nunca volverá a ser el mismo.

https://freeross.org

@ 7ff2dcb0:c36d340b

Chef's notes

You can never go wrong with a chicken sandwich. Enjoy this twist on the Ceaser Wrap inspired by Rachaell's Recipes. Just to mention, Rachaell uses a tortilla press to get her cutlets to be flat. If you have one that's great but I just make sure to cut the chicken breast very thin, about a cm thick as if I'm fileting it lol.

This is a sandwich I saw on TikTok a while ago and finally decided to make it. Credits to Rachaell's Recipes https://www.rachaellsrecipes.com/. I have it at least once a week now and honestly don't plan on stopping anytime soon. The proper name of this recipe is The Crunchy Chicken Ceasar Salad. Hope you enjoy it as much as I do.

The garlic and herb butter you will make in this recipe is my favorite part of the sandwich. This step takes the longest so I recommend doing it first. Spreading it on the bread and toasting it adds a burst of flavor. Personally, I put the bread in the oven on HI broil for about 4 minutes but you can always toast it on the stovetop.

I mention in the recipe you can use your dressing of choice because Rachaell suggests Ceasar dressing but I like mine better with avocado dressing.

Last note, when breading the chicken it is important to add a little water to the dressing you choose if it's a regular thick dressing. If you you run the risk of your chicken having mushy breading in the middle and no one likes that. Enjoy!

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 10 min
• 🍳 Cook time: 25 min
• 🍽️ Servings: 4

Ingredients

• 4 sub rolls
• 1 chicken breats, pounded flat or cut flat
• 2 hearts of romaine lettuce, cleaned, dried, and chopped
• Freshly grated Parmesan cheese
• Juice of 1 lemon
• Dressing of choice, plus 1/2 cup for the breading mixture
• Breadcrumbs or panko for breading
• Flour for dredging
• Oil of choice for frying
• 2 whole heads of garlic, roasted
• 1 tablespoon of chopped parsley
• 8 tablespoons of unsalted butter, softened
• 1/8 cup of freshly grated Parmesan cheese
• Salt and pepper to taste

Directions

1. Prepare the Garlic Butter and Sub Rolls: Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C). Mix all ingredients for the garlic butter in a small bowl. Set aside. Cut the sub rolls open, slightly hollow them out, and spread the garlic butter inside, topping with extra grated Parmesan. Arrange on a baking sheet, open side up, and bake for 10-15 minutes until golden. For a crunchier top, broil on high for 2-3 minutes.
2. Bread and Fry the Chicken: Set up a breading station with three parts: flour, dressing of choice mixed with a little water, and breadcrumbs. Dredge each chicken cutlet in flour, dip in the dressing mixture, then coat in breadcrumbs. Heat avocado oil in a large pan over medium heat (test heat by dropping a breadcrumb in; if it sizzles, it’s ready). Fry cutlets until golden on each side and then drain on paper towels.
3. Assemble the Salad: Toss the chopped romaine with Caesar dressing, fresh lemon juice, and extra Parmesan for enhanced flavor.
4. Making the Garlic Butter Spread: Take the roasted garlic heads, squeeze the garlic out of its peel into the softened 8 tablespoons of butter. Add the teaspoon of freshly chopped parsley. Mix well.
5. Assemble the Subs: Build each sub with a crunchy roll, fried cutlet, dressed salad, and a sprinkle of Parmesan cheese.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Token-Curated Registries

So you want to build a TCR?

TCRs (Token Curated Registries) are a construct for maintaining registries on Ethereum. Imagine you have lots of scissor brands and you want a list with only the good scissors. You want to make sure only the good scissors make into that list and not the bad scissors. For that, people will tell you, you can just create a TCR of the best scissors!

It works like this: some people have the token, let's call it Scissor Token. Some other person, let's say it's a scissor manufacturer, wants to put his scissor on the list, this guy must acquire some Scissor Tokens and "stake" it. Holders of the Scissor Tokens are allowed to vote on "yes" or "no". If "no", the manufactures loses his tokens to the holders, if "yes" then its tokens are kept in deposit, but his scissor brand gets accepted into the registry.

Such a simple process, they say, have strong incentives for being the best possible way of curating a registry of scissors: consumers have the incentive to consult the list because of its high quality; manufacturers have the incentive to buy tokens and apply to join the list because the list is so well-curated and consumers always consult it; token holders want the registry to accept good and reject bad scissors because that good decisions will make the list good for consumers and thus their tokens more valuable, bad decisions will do the contrary. It doesn't make sense, to reject everybody just to grab their tokens, because that would create an incentive against people trying to enter the list.

Amazing! How come such a simple system of voting has such enourmous features? Now we can have lists of everything so well-curated, and for that we just need Ethereum tokens!

Now let's imagine a different proposal, of my own creation: SPCR, Single-person curated registries.

Single-person Curated Registries are equal to TCR, except they don't use Ethereum tokens, it's just a list in a text file kept by a single person. People can apply to join, and they will have to give the single person some amount of money, the single person can reject or accept the proposal and so on.

Now let's look at the incentives of SPCR: people will want to consult the registry because it is so well curated; vendors will want to enter the registry because people are consulting it; the single person will want to accept the good and reject the bad applicants because these good decisions are what will make the list valuable.

Amazing! How such a single proposal has such enourmous features! SPCR are going to take over the internet!

What TCR enthusiasts get wrong?

TCR people think they can just list a set of incentives for something to work and assume that something will work. Mix that with Ethereum hype and they think theyve found something unique and revolutionary, while in fact they're just making a poor implementation of "democracy" systems that fail almost everywhere.

The life is not about listing a set of "incentives" and then considering the problems solved. Almost everybody on the Earth has the incentive for being rich: being rich has a lot of advantages over being poor, however not all people get rich! Why are the incentives failing?

Curating lists is a hard problem, it involves a lot of knowledge about the problem that just holding a token won't give you, it involves personal preferences, politics, it involves knowing where is the real limit between "good" and "bad". The Single Person list may have a good result if the single person doing the curation is knowledgeable and honest (yes, you can game the system to accept your uncle's scissors and not their competitor that is much better, for example, without losing the entire list reputation), same thing for TCRs, but it can also fail miserably, and it can appear to be good but be in fact not so good. In all cases, the list entries will reflect the preferences of people choosing and other things that aren't taken into the incentives equation of TCR enthusiasts.

We don't need lists

The most important point to be made, although unrelated to the incentive story, is that we don't need lists. Imagine you're looking for a scissor. You don't want someone to tell if scissor A or B are "good" or "bad", or if A is "better" than B. You want to know if, for your specific situation, or for a class of situations, A will serve well, and do that considering A's price and if A is being sold near you and all that.

Scissors are the worst example ever to make this point, but I hope you get it. If you don't, try imagining the same example with schools, doctors, plumbers, food, whatever.

Recommendation systems are badly needed in our world, and TCRs don't solve these at all.

@ b60c3e76:c9d0f46e

Deklarasi Menteri disahkan di akhir Pertemuan Tingkat Menteri World Water Forum ke-10 yang dihadiri oleh 106 negara dan 27 organisasi Internasional, Selasa (21/5/2024).

Hasil tersebut diungkap Menteri Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat (PUPR) yang juga Ketua Harian Panitia Nasional Penyelenggara World Water Forum ke-10 Basuki Hadimuljono di Media Center World Water Forum ke-10 di Bali Nusa Dua Convention Center (BNDCC), Selasa (21/5/2024).

Pertama, pendirian center of excellence untuk ketahanan air dan iklim guna mengembangkan kapasitas, knowledge sharing & pemanfaatan fasilitas yang unggul.

“Sebagai negara kepulauan, Indonesia wajib berada di garda terdepan untuk mendorong inovasi dalam pengelolaan air dan sanitasi. Center of excellence ini bukan hanya untuk negara Indonesia, tapi juga untuk negara lainnya di Asia Pasifik,” kata Basuki.

Sejak November 2023, katanya, sudah dilakukan pembahasan deklarasi dalam tiga mekanisme di Markas Besar UNESCO Paris. Dalam deklarasi tersebut, Indonesia mengusung tiga prioritas.

Presiden World Water Council (WWC) Loic Fauchon pun dikatakan Basuki menegaskan bahwa semua proses tersebut adalah diplomatic victory (kemenangan diplomasi) bagi Indonesia.

Poin kedua dari Deklarasi Menteri adalah mengangkat dan mendorong isu pengelolaan sumber daya air secara terpadu pada pulau-pulau kecil. Meskipun dikelilingi perairan yang luas, Indonesia tetap memerlukan sistem kelola yang baik untuk mengatasi tantangan kualitas dan ketersediaan air bersih.

Ketiga, pengusulan Hari Danau Sedunia atau World Lake Day. Danau merupakan sumber pasokan air yang menghidupi manusia sekaligus memiliki fungsi sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat. Peringatan Hari Danau Sedunia tidak sekadar simbolis, namun sebagai salah satu kunci utama untuk menjaga kelestarian danau di seluruh dunia.

“Kita harus menjaga danau untuk memperpanjang hidupnya, inilah gunanya peringatan Hari Danau Sedunia,” ujar Basuki.

Ditambahkan Ketua Harian Panitia Nasional Penyelenggara World Water Forum ke-10 Basuki Hadimuljono, dalam penyelenggaraan World Water Forum ke-10 di Bali, ada tiga hal yang membedakan World Water Forum ke-10 dengan penyelenggaraan-penyelenggaraan sebelumnya.

Pertama, baru kali ini pertemuan World Water Forum menyelenggarakan konferensi tingkat tinggi (KTT), yang dibuka oleh Presiden Republik Indonesia Joko Widodo, Senin (20/5/2024).

Kedua, untuk yang kali pertama World Water Forum menghasilkan deklarasi menteri. ”Selain Deklarasi Menteri, salah satu yang menjadi capaian pada forum ini adalah berhasilnya Indonesia menyusun daftar proyek terkait air yang menjadi andalan dari berbagai negara,” kata Basuki.

Ketiga, berhasilnya Indonesia menyusun daftar proyek terkait air yang menjadi andalan dari berbagai negara. sebanyak 113 proyek senilai US$9,4 miliar, antara lain proyek percepatan penyediaan air minum bagi 3 juta rumah tangga dan proyek pengelolaan air limbah domestik bagi 300 ribu rumah tangga. Berbagai proyek ini akan sangat bermanfaat bagi masyarakat di berbagai negara.

Ditambahkan oleh Menteri Koordinator Bidang Kemaritiman dan Investasi (Menko Marves) Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan tamu World Water Forum terkesan dengan penyelenggaraan World Water Forum ke-10 oleh Indonesia.

“Pimpinan negara yang mengunjungi Tahura juga menyatakan kekagumannya dengan kemajuan Indonesia. Presiden Fiji bahkan menyatakan jika ia tidak percaya jika tidak menyaksikan secara langsung kemajuan Indonesia saat ini,” kata Luhut.

Penulis: Elvira Inda Sari Redaktur: Taofiq Rauf/Elvira Inda Sari Sumber: Indonesia.go.id

@ 32e18276:5c68e245

Hey Damus enjoyers,

v1.8 has been tagged! Today we submitted v1.8 to the App Store, Here's a quick preview of what's in this release!

New Emoji Selector

It's now easier than ever to select emoji reactions! Just long press the reaction button to pop-up the new emoji selector. Thanks Terry for implementing this!

Quote Reposts

Quote reposts are now listed on posts, just like on the birdsite (x site ?)

New fullscreen video player

Our video controls were pretty bad before, this has been improved in this version! You can now seek videos, view them fullscreen, and airplay them to your tv. Thanks Daniel for this feature!

Improved longform style

Longform posts now show the image and related tags. Thanks Eric!

Account recovery, bug fixes

Thread loading is greatly improved, we now support the latest nip10 specification for improved compatibility between clients. We also added an account recovery feature called First Aid. You can use this to create a new contact list if for whatever reason you don't have one anymore. If you are running into issues following people, you can use this to recover your account:

Testflight

v1.9 dev is underway, with an up and coming highlighter feature where you can clip highlights from the web and other posts and share them to your feed. If you want to test out the latest up and coming features, make sure to grab a damus purple membership to get access!

https://damus.io/purple/login

That's all for now, here's the full changelog if you want to see what else is new!

Full Changelog

Added

• Added nip10 marker replies (William Casarin)
• Add marker nip10 support when reading notes (William Casarin)
• Added title image and tags to longform events (ericholguin)
• Add First Aid solution for users who do not have a contact list created for their account (Daniel D’Aquino)
• Relay fees metadata (ericholguin)
• Added callbackuri for a better ux when connecting mutiny wallet nwc (ericholguin)
• Add event content preview to the full screen carousel (Daniel D’Aquino)
• Show list of quoted reposts in threads (William Casarin)
• Proxy Tags are now viewable on Selected Events (ericholguin)
• Add ability to mute words, add new mutelist interface (Charlie)
• Add ability to mute hashtag from SearchView (Charlie Fish)

Changed

• Change reactions to use a native looking emoji picker (Terry Yiu)
• Relay detail design (ericholguin)
• Updated Zeus logo (ericholguin)
• Improve UX around video playback (Daniel D’Aquino)
• Moved paste nwc button to main wallet view (ericholguin)
• Errors with an NWC will show as an alert (ericholguin)
• Relay config view user interface (ericholguin)
• Always strip GPS data from images (kernelkind)

Fixed

• Fix thread bug where a quote isn't picked up as a reply (William Casarin)
• Fixed threads not loading sometimes (William Casarin)
• Fixed issue where some replies were including the q tag (William Casarin)
• Fixed issue where timeline was scrolling when it isn't supposed to (William Casarin)
• Fix issue where bootstrap relays would inadvertently be added to the user's list on connectivity issues (Daniel D’Aquino)
• Fix broken GIF uploads (Daniel D’Aquino)
• Fix ghost notifications caused by Purple impending expiration notifications (Daniel D’Aquino)
• Improve reliability of contact list creation during onboarding (Daniel D’Aquino)
• Fix emoji reactions being cut off (ericholguin)
• Fix image indicators to limit number of dots to not spill screen beyond visible margins (ericholguin)
• Fix bug that would cause connection issues with relays defined with a trailing slash URL, and an inability to delete them. (Daniel D’Aquino)
• Issue where NWC Scanner view would not dismiss after a failed scan/paste (ericholguin)

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Precautionary Principle

The precautionary principle that people, including Nassim Nicholas Taleb, love and treat as some form of wisdom, is actually just a justification for arbitrary acts.

In a given situation for which there's no sufficient knowledge, either A or B can be seen as risky or precautionary measures, there's no way to know except if you have sufficient knowledge.

---

Someone could reply saying, for example, that the known risk of A is tolerable to the unknown, probably magnitudes bigger, risk of B. Unless you know better or at least have a logical explanation for the risks of B (a thing "scientists" don't have because they notoriously dislike making logical claims), in which case you do know something and is not invoking the precautionary principle anymore, just relying on your logical reasoning – and that can be discussed and questioned by others, undermining your intended usage of the label "precautionary principle" as a magic cover for your actions.

@ c69b71dc:426ba763

Chef's notes

You need a blender. If you want your breakfast to be more filling, you can also mix ground almonds or walnuts with the apples and dates.

Enjoy!

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 5-10 minutes
• 🍳 Cook time: 0
• 🍽️ Servings: 2

Ingredients

• 2 Oranges
• 2 Sweet Apples
• 3-4 Medjol Dates
• 1 tbsp Vanilla Extract or 1-2 tbsp Vanilla Protein Powder
• optional: 1/4 tsp Cinnamon Powder

Directions

1. Peel the oranges and cut them into thin slices.
2. Core the apples and dates and mix with the vanilla extract or vanilla protein until a creamy
3. Then alternately layer orange slices and cream in two tall glasses.

@ a012dc82:6458a70d

Table Of Content

• Content

• Conclusion

• FAQ

• You May Also Like

• External Links

Every financial transaction has some degree of uncertainty. Even risk-free investments may lose money, while holding onto cash causes its purchasing power to depreciate over time due to inflation. While it is impossible to completely avoid risk while investing, it is possible to tailor one's exposure to better suit one's specific objectives.

These characteristics of risk are significantly affected by the ideas of asset allocation and diversification. It's likely that even if you're just starting out in the world of investing, you'll already be acquainted with the basic concepts.

This essay will give a high-level overview of these ideas and talk about how they relate to how financial management is done today.

What are asset allocation and diversification?

The concepts of asset allocation and diversification are frequently used interchangeably but have distinct meanings. Nonetheless, they might mean somewhat different things in the context of risk management.

The term "asset allocation" may be used to describe a kind of financial management plan that specifies the breakdown of investment funds among several asset categories. The deployment of funds among these asset groups is an example of diversification.

The primary goal of such approaches is to maximize anticipated returns while avoiding risk. The investor's investment horizon, level of comfort with risk, and the state of the economy at large are all factors that should be taken into account.

Not placing all of one's financial eggs in one basket is the core principle of asset allocation and diversification techniques. The best way to make a diversified portfolio is to put together different asset classes and assets that don't go together.

The fact that risk is spread out not only across asset classes but also within them makes these two methods work well together.

Experts disagree about which is more important: picking individual assets or making a plan for how to divide up assets.

Modern Portfolio Theory

The theoretical framework known as Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT) uses arithmetic to formally establish these guidelines. The economist Harry Markowitz, who won the Nobel Prize, first explained the idea in a paper he published in 1952.

Changes in the major asset classes are often distinct from one another. When one kind of asset class does well in a given market environment, another type of asset class may do badly. The main assumption is that gains from higher-performing asset classes may offset losses from asset classes that are underperforming.

The multi-asset portfolio theory (MPT) proposes that portfolio volatility may be lowered by including assets from several unrelated asset classes in the portfolio. As a result, the returns from a portfolio taking the same level of risk should improve. In addition, it presumes that any reasonable investor would choose the lower-risk option between two portfolios with equivalent returns.

The efficient portfolio hypothesis, or MPT, says that it is best to mix assets that don't have a strong relationship with each other.

Types of asset classes and allocation strategies

For the purposes of a common asset allocation scheme, assets can be divided into the following groups:

Cash, bonds, and stocks are examples of classic investments.

Alternative assets are things like real estate, commodities, derivatives, insurance policies, private equity, and cryptocurrencies.

It is generally accepted that strategic asset allocation and tactical asset allocation are the two most important forms of asset allocation techniques and that both make use of the assumptions presented in modern portfolio theory.

When it comes to investing, many people believe that the tried-and-true method of strategic asset allocation is best for those who want a more hands-off approach. The only time this strategy-based portfolio will be rebalanced is if the investor's time horizon or risk tolerance changes.

Active investors are better suited to tactical asset allocation. That way, they may put more of their money into things that are currently doing better than the market. It is assumed that a sector that has been doing better than the market for some time will likely continue to do so. Being founded on the same MPT principles as the rest of the system, it too permits a measure of variation.

For diversification to work, it is not necessary for assets to be totally uncorrelated or negatively correlated with one another. All that is needed is for them to have some degree of correlation that is not 100%.

Applying asset allocation and diversification to a portfolio

Let's think about these guidelines by analyzing a sample investment portfolio. The following distributions of assets could be deemed appropriate for a portfolio based on an asset allocation strategy:

• 40 percent was allocated to stock holdings.

• Bonds at the 30% level

• Twenty percent of crypto assets

• 10% in cold, hard cash

For example, a diversification plan may require that of the 20% allocated to cryptoassets:

• Bitcoin should get 70% of the budget.

• Allocate 15% to the large-cap sector.

• 10% to small and medium-sized companies

• 5 percent to microcaps

Once the allocations have been made, the portfolio's progress may be tracked and evaluated on a regular basis. It may be necessary to rebalance the portfolio, which involves purchasing and selling assets in order to restore the original allocations, if they change. As a rule, this entails purchasing low-performing stocks and selling high-performing ones. The assets chosen are entirely at the discretion of the investor and their investing plan and objectives.

If you're looking for high volatility, look no further than cryptoassets. There is a large amount of cryptoassets in this portfolio; therefore, it may be deemed very hazardous. Someone who is afraid of losing their money would want to put more of their money into bonds or any other low-risk investment.

Check out Binance Research's Portfolio Management Series #1: Exploring the Diversification Advantages of Bitcoin for more information on Bitcoin's possible role in a diversified portfolio with many different types of assets.

Diversification within a cryptoasset portfolio

Although in theory these strategies might be used in a crypto asset portfolio, you should take their specifics with a grain of salt. Most of the cryptocurrency market's value follows Bitcoin's price closely. Because of this, diversification becomes an impossible endeavor: how can one produce a portfolio of diverse, low-correlated assets out of a portfolio of similar, highly-correlated assets?

There are occasions when some cryptocurrencies will have a lower connection with Bitcoin than usual, and astute traders may take advantage of this. But in the long run, these methods don't tend to work as well as their counterparts in more traditional markets.

It's reasonable to assume that a more methodical approach to diversification within a cryptoasset portfolio will be possible as the market develops. The markets still have a long way to go before reaching that point.

Problems with asset allocation

Even though it's clear that asset allocation works, not every investor or portfolio can benefit from every strategy.

Asset allocation strategies may be easily formulated, but successful execution is what really matters. The success of the portfolio might be hampered if the investor cannot overcome their own prejudices.

In addition, it might be challenging to predict an investor's level of comfort with risk. After a certain amount of time has passed, the investor may have a better idea of how much risk they are willing to take.

Conclusion

Concepts like asset allocation and diversification have been around for millennia, and they are essential for effective risk management. They are also an essential part of cutting-edge approaches to portfolio management. To maximize predicted returns while limiting risk, an asset allocation strategy is developed. The performance of a portfolio may improve if the risk is spread among different investment types. Due to the high degree of correlation between Bitcoin and the markets, asset allocation methodologies should be used with caution in cryptoasset portfolios.

FAQs

What are asset allocation and diversification? Diversification is the process of distributing your money across different types of investments within the broad categories of stocks, bonds, and cash that make up your portfolio.

What is the best way to implement asset allocation and diversification? The best portfolios include both broad and deep diversification across asset classes. Spreading your assets within each asset category is just as important as spreading them among stocks, bonds, cash equivalents, and other asset classes.

In what ways might an asset allocation be described? Allocating your investments across various assets, such as stocks, bonds, and cash, is called asset allocation. Asset allocation is a subjective choice. The optimal allocation changes over time as your investment horizon, risk tolerance, and other factors change.

If you want more, be sure to follow us on:

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DISCLAIMER: None of this is financial advice. This newsletter is strictly educational and is not investment advice or a solicitation to buy or sell any assets or to make any financial decisions. Please be careful and do your own research.

@ e6ce6154:275e3444

Este artigo foi censurado pelo estado e fomos obrigados a deletá-lo após ameaça de homens armados virem nos visitar e agredir nossa vida e propriedade.

Isto é mais uma prova que os autoproclamados antirracistas são piores que os racistas.

https://rothbardbrasil.com/pelo-direito-de-ser-racista-fascista-machista-e-homofobico

Segue artigo na íntegra. 👇

Sem dúvida, a escalada autoritária do totalitarismo cultural progressista nos últimos anos tem sido sumariamente deletéria e prejudicial para a liberdade de expressão. Como seria de se esperar, a cada dia que passa o autoritarismo progressista continua a se expandir de maneira irrefreável, prejudicando a liberdade dos indivíduos de formas cada vez mais deploráveis e contundentes.

Com a ascensão da tirania politicamente correta e sua invasão a todos os terrenos culturais, o autoritarismo progressista foi se alastrando e consolidando sua hegemonia em determinados segmentos. Com a eventual eclosão e a expansão da opressiva e despótica cultura do cancelamento — uma progênie inevitável do totalitarismo progressista —, todas as pessoas que manifestam opiniões, crenças ou posicionamentos que não estão alinhados com as pautas universitárias da moda tornam-se um alvo.

Há algumas semanas, vimos a enorme repercussão causada pelo caso envolvendo o jogador profissional de vôlei Maurício Sousa, que foi cancelado pelo simples fato de ter emitido sua opinião pessoal sobre um personagem de história em quadrinhos, Jon Kent, o novo Superman, que é bissexual. Maurício Sousa reprovou a conduta sexual do personagem, o que é um direito pessoal inalienável que ele tem. Ele não é obrigado a gostar ou aprovar a bissexualidade. Como qualquer pessoa, ele tem o direito pleno de criticar tudo aquilo que ele não gosta. No entanto, pelo simples fato de emitir a sua opinião pessoal, Maurício Sousa foi acusado de homofobia e teve seu contrato rescindido, sendo desligado do Minas Tênis Clube.

Lamentavelmente, Maurício Sousa não foi o primeiro e nem será o último indivíduo a sofrer com a opressiva e autoritária cultura do cancelamento. Como uma tirania cultural que está em plena ascensão e usufrui de um amplo apoio do establishment, essa nova forma de totalitarismo cultural colorido e festivo está se impondo de formas e maneiras bastante contundentes em praticamente todas as esferas da sociedade contemporânea. Sua intenção é relegar ao ostracismo todos aqueles que não se curvam ao totalitarismo progressista, criminalizando opiniões e crenças que divergem do culto à libertinagem hedonista pós-moderna. Oculto por trás de todo esse ativismo autoritário, o que temos de fato é uma profunda hostilidade por padrões morais tradicionalistas, cristãos e conservadores.

No entanto, é fundamental entendermos uma questão imperativa, que explica em partes o conflito aqui criado — todos os progressistas contemporâneos são crias oriundas do direito positivo. Por essa razão, eles jamais entenderão de forma pragmática e objetiva conceitos como criminalidade, direitos de propriedade, agressão e liberdade de expressão pela perspectiva do jusnaturalismo, que é manifestamente o direito em seu estado mais puro, correto, ético e equilibrado.

Pela ótica jusnaturalista, uma opinião é uma opinião. Ponto final. E absolutamente ninguém deve ser preso, cancelado, sabotado ou boicotado por expressar uma opinião particular sobre qualquer assunto. Palavras não agridem ninguém, portanto jamais poderiam ser consideradas um crime em si. Apenas deveriam ser tipificados como crimes agressões de caráter objetivo, como roubo, sequestro, fraude, extorsão, estupro e infrações similares, que representam uma ameaça direta à integridade física da vítima, ou que busquem subtrair alguma posse empregando a violência.

Infelizmente, a geração floquinho de neve — terrivelmente histérica, egocêntrica e sensível — fica profundamente ofendida e consternada sempre que alguém defende posicionamentos contrários à religião progressista. Por essa razão, os guerreiros da justiça social sinceramente acreditam que o papai-estado deve censurar todas as opiniões que eles não gostam de ouvir, assim como deve também criar leis para encarcerar todos aqueles que falam ou escrevem coisas que desagradam a militância.

Como a geração floquinho de neve foi criada para acreditar que todas as suas vontades pessoais e disposições ideológicas devem ser sumariamente atendidas pelo papai-estado, eles embarcaram em uma cruzada moral que pretende erradicar todas as coisas que são ofensivas à ideologia progressista; só assim eles poderão deflagrar na Terra o seu tão sonhado paraíso hedonista e igualitário, de inimaginável esplendor e felicidade.

Em virtude do seu comportamento intrinsecamente despótico, autoritário e egocêntrico, acaba sendo inevitável que militantes progressistas problematizem tudo aquilo que os desagrada.

Como são criaturas inúteis destituídas de ocupação real e verdadeiro sentido na vida, sendo oprimidas unicamente na sua própria imaginação, militantes progressistas precisam constantemente inventar novos vilões para serem combatidos.

Partindo dessa perspectiva, é natural para a militância que absolutamente tudo que exista no mundo e que não se enquadra com as regras autoritárias e restritivas da religião progressista seja encarado como um problema. Para a geração floquinho de neve, o capitalismo é um problema. O fascismo é um problema. A iniciativa privada é um problema. O homem branco, tradicionalista, conservador e heterossexual é um problema. A desigualdade é um problema. A liberdade é um problema. Monteiro Lobato é um problema (sim, até mesmo o renomado ícone da literatura brasileira, autor — entre outros títulos — de Urupês, foi vítima da cultura do cancelamento, acusado de ser racista e eugenista).

Para a esquerda, praticamente tudo é um problema. Na mentalidade da militância progressista, tudo é motivo para reclamação. Foi em função desse comportamento histérico, histriônico e infantil que o famoso pensador conservador-libertário americano P. J. O’Rourke afirmou que “o esquerdismo é uma filosofia de pirralhos chorões”. O que é uma verdade absoluta e irrefutável em todos os sentidos.

De fato, todas as filosofias de esquerda de forma geral são idealizações utópicas e infantis de um mundo perfeito. Enquanto o mundo não se transformar naquela colorida e vibrante utopia que é apresentada pela cartilha socialista padrão, militantes continuarão a reclamar contra tudo o que existe no mundo de forma agressiva, visceral e beligerante. Evidentemente, eles não vão fazer absolutamente nada de positivo ou construtivo para que o mundo se transforme no gracioso paraíso que eles tanto desejam ver consolidado, mas eles continuarão a berrar e vociferar muito em sua busca incessante pela utopia, marcando presença em passeatas inúteis ou combatendo o fascismo imaginário nas redes sociais.

Sem dúvida, estamos muito perto de ver leis absurdas e estúpidas sendo implementadas, para agradar a militância da terra colorida do assistencialismo eterno onde nada é escasso e tudo cai do céu. Em breve, você não poderá usar calças pretas, pois elas serão consideradas peças de vestuário excessivamente heterossexuais. Apenas calças amarelas ou coloridas serão permitidas. Você também terá que tingir de cor-de-rosa uma mecha do seu cabelo; pois preservar o seu cabelo na sua cor natural é heteronormativo demais da sua parte, sendo portanto um componente demasiadamente opressor da sociedade.

Você também não poderá ver filmes de guerra ou de ação, apenas comédias românticas, pois certos gêneros de filmes exaltam a violência do patriarcado e isso impede o mundo de se tornar uma graciosa festa colorida de fraternidades universitárias ungidas por pôneis resplandecentes, hedonismo infinito, vadiagem universitária e autogratificação psicodélica, que certamente são elementos indispensáveis para se produzir o paraíso na Terra.

Sabemos perfeitamente, no entanto, que dentre as atitudes “opressivas” que a militância progressista mais se empenha em combater, estão o racismo, o fascismo, o machismo e a homofobia. No entanto, é fundamental entender que ser racista, fascista, machista ou homofóbico não são crimes em si. Na prática, todos esses elementos são apenas traços de personalidade; e eles não podem ser pura e simplesmente criminalizados porque ideólogos e militantes progressistas iluminados não gostam deles.

Tanto pela ética quanto pela ótica jusnaturalista, é facilmente compreensível entender que esses traços de personalidade não podem ser criminalizados ou proibidos simplesmente porque integrantes de uma ideologia não tem nenhuma apreciação ou simpatia por eles. Da mesma forma, nenhum desses traços de personalidade representa em si um perigo para a sociedade, pelo simples fato de existir. Por incrível que pareça, até mesmo o machismo, o racismo, o fascismo e a homofobia merecem a devida apologia.

Mas vamos analisar cada um desses tópicos separadamente para entender isso melhor.

Racismo

Quando falamos no Japão, normalmente não fazemos nenhuma associação da sociedade japonesa com o racismo. No entanto, é incontestável o fato de que a sociedade japonesa pode ser considerada uma das sociedades mais racistas do mundo. E a verdade é que não há absolutamente nada de errado com isso.

Aproximadamente 97% da população do Japão é nativa; apenas 3% do componente populacional é constituído por estrangeiros (a população do Japão é estimada em aproximadamente 126 milhões de habitantes). Isso faz a sociedade japonesa ser uma das mais homogêneas do mundo. As autoridades japonesas reconhecidamente dificultam processos de seleção e aplicação a estrangeiros que desejam se tornar residentes. E a maioria dos japoneses aprova essa decisão.

Diversos estabelecimentos comerciais como hotéis, bares e restaurantes por todo o país tem placas na entrada que dizem “somente para japoneses” e a maioria destes estabelecimentos se recusa ostensivamente a atender ou aceitar clientes estrangeiros, não importa quão ricos ou abastados sejam.

Na Terra do Sol Nascente, a hostilidade e a desconfiança natural para com estrangeiros é tão grande que até mesmo indivíduos que nascem em algum outro país, mas são filhos de pais japoneses, não são considerados cidadãos plenamente japoneses.

Se estes indivíduos decidem sair do seu país de origem para se estabelecer no Japão — mesmo tendo descendência nipônica legítima e inquestionável —, eles enfrentarão uma discriminação social considerável, especialmente se não dominarem o idioma japonês de forma impecável. Esse fato mostra que a discriminação é uma parte tão indissociável quanto elementar da sociedade japonesa, e ela está tão profundamente arraigada à cultura nipônica que é praticamente impossível alterá-la ou atenuá-la por qualquer motivo.

A verdade é que — quando falamos de um país como o Japão — nem todos os discursos politicamente corretos do mundo, nem a histeria progressista ocidental mais inflamada poderão algum dia modificar, extirpar ou sequer atenuar o componente racista da cultura nipônica. E isso é consequência de uma questão tão simples quanto primordial: discriminar faz parte da natureza humana, sendo tanto um direito individual quanto um elemento cultural inerente à muitas nações do mundo. Os japoneses não tem problema algum em admitir ou institucionalizar o seu preconceito, justamente pelo fato de que a ideologia politicamente correta não tem no oriente a força e a presença que tem no ocidente.

E é fundamental enfatizar que, sendo de natureza pacífica — ou seja, não violando nem agredindo terceiros —, a discriminação é um recurso natural dos seres humanos, que está diretamente associada a questões como familiaridade e segurança.

Absolutamente ninguém deve ser forçado a apreciar ou integrar-se a raças, etnias, pessoas ou tribos que não lhe transmitem sentimentos de segurança ou familiaridade. Integração forçada é o verdadeiro crime, e isso diversos países europeus — principalmente os escandinavos (países que lideram o ranking de submissão à ideologia politicamente correta) — aprenderam da pior forma possível.

A integração forçada com imigrantes islâmicos resultou em ondas de assassinato, estupro e violência inimagináveis para diversos países europeus, até então civilizados, que a imprensa ocidental politicamente correta e a militância progressista estão permanentemente tentando esconder, porque não desejam que o ocidente descubra como a agenda “humanitária” de integração forçada dos povos muçulmanos em países do Velho Mundo resultou em algumas das piores chacinas e tragédias na história recente da Europa.

Ou seja, ao discriminarem estrangeiros, os japoneses estão apenas se protegendo e lutando para preservar sua nação como um ambiente cultural, étnico e social que lhe é seguro e familiar, assim se opondo a mudanças bruscas, indesejadas e antinaturais, que poderiam comprometer a estabilidade social do país.

A discriminação — sendo de natureza pacífica —, é benévola, salutar e indubitavelmente ajuda a manter a estabilidade social da comunidade. Toda e qualquer forma de integração forçada deve ser repudiada com veemência, pois, mais cedo ou mais tarde, ela irá subverter a ordem social vigente, e sempre será acompanhada de deploráveis e dramáticos resultados.

Para citar novamente os países escandinavos, a Suécia é um excelente exemplo do que não fazer. Tendo seguido o caminho contrário ao da discriminação racional praticada pela sociedade japonesa, atualmente a sociedade sueca — além de afundar de forma consistente na lama da libertinagem, da decadência e da deterioração progressista — sofre em demasia com os imigrantes muçulmanos, que foram deixados praticamente livres para matar, saquear, esquartejar e estuprar quem eles quiserem. Hoje, eles são praticamente intocáveis, visto que denunciá-los, desmoralizá-los ou acusá-los de qualquer crime é uma atitude politicamente incorreta e altamente reprovada pelo establishment progressista. A elite socialista sueca jamais se atreve a acusá-los de qualquer crime, pois temem ser classificados como xenófobos e intolerantes. Ou seja, a desgraça da Europa, sobretudo dos países escandinavos, foi não ter oferecido nenhuma resistência à ideologia progressista politicamente correta. Hoje, eles são totalmente submissos a ela.

O exemplo do Japão mostra, portanto — para além de qualquer dúvida —, a importância ética e prática da discriminação, que é perfeitamente aceitável e natural, sendo uma tendência inerente aos seres humanos, e portanto intrínseca a determinados comportamentos, sociedades e culturas.

Indo ainda mais longe nessa questão, devemos entender que na verdade todos nós discriminamos, e não existe absolutamente nada de errado nisso. Discriminar pessoas faz parte da natureza humana e quem se recusa a admitir esse fato é um hipócrita. Mulheres discriminam homens na hora de selecionar um parceiro; elas avaliam diversos quesitos, como altura, aparência, status social, condição financeira e carisma. E dentre suas opções, elas sempre escolherão o homem mais atraente, másculo e viril, em detrimento de todos os baixinhos, calvos, carentes, frágeis e inibidos que possam estar disponíveis. Da mesma forma, homens sempre terão preferência por mulheres jovens, atraentes e delicadas, em detrimento de todas as feministas de meia-idade, acima do peso, de cabelo pintado, que são mães solteiras e militantes socialistas. A própria militância progressista discrimina pessoas de forma virulenta e intransigente, como fica evidente no tratamento que dispensam a mulheres bolsonaristas e a negros de direita.

A verdade é que — não importa o nível de histeria da militância progressista — a discriminação é inerente à condição humana e um direito natural inalienável de todos. É parte indissociável da natureza humana e qualquer pessoa pode e deve exercer esse direito sempre que desejar. Não existe absolutamente nada de errado em discriminar pessoas. O problema real é a ideologia progressista e o autoritarismo politicamente correto, movimentos tirânicos que não respeitam o direito das pessoas de discriminar.

Fascismo

Quando falamos de fascismo, precisamos entender que, para a esquerda política, o fascismo é compreendido como um conceito completamente divorciado do seu significado original. Para um militante de esquerda, fascista é todo aquele que defende posicionamentos contrários ao progressismo, não se referindo necessariamente a um fascista clássico.

Mas, seja como for, é necessário entender que — como qualquer ideologia política — até mesmo o fascismo clássico tem o direito de existir e ocupar o seu devido lugar; portanto, fascistas não devem ser arbitrariamente censurados, apesar de defenderem conceitos que representam uma completa antítese de tudo aquilo que é valioso para os entusiastas da liberdade.

Em um país como o Brasil, onde socialistas e comunistas tem total liberdade para se expressar, defender suas ideologias e até mesmo formar partidos políticos, não faz absolutamente o menor sentido que fascistas — e até mesmo nazistas assumidos — sofram qualquer tipo de discriminação. Embora socialistas e comunistas se sintam moralmente superiores aos fascistas (ou a qualquer outra filosofia política ou escola de pensamento), sabemos perfeitamente que o seu senso de superioridade é fruto de uma pueril romantização universitária da sua própria ideologia. A história mostra efetivamente que o socialismo clássico e o comunismo causaram muito mais destruição do que o fascismo.

Portanto, se socialistas e comunistas tem total liberdade para se expressar, não existe a menor razão para que fascistas não usufruam dessa mesma liberdade.

É claro, nesse ponto, seremos invariavelmente confrontados por um oportuno dilema — o famoso paradoxo da intolerância, de Karl Popper. Até que ponto uma sociedade livre e tolerante deve tolerar a intolerância (inerente a ideologias totalitárias)?

As leis de propriedade privada resolveriam isso em uma sociedade livre. O mais importante a levarmos em consideração no atual contexto, no entanto — ao defender ou criticar uma determinada ideologia, filosofia ou escola de pensamento —, é entender que, seja ela qual for, ela tem o direito de existir. E todas as pessoas que a defendem tem o direito de defendê-la, da mesma maneira que todos os seus detratores tem o direito de criticá-la.

Essa é uma forte razão para jamais apoiarmos a censura. Muito pelo contrário, devemos repudiar com veemência e intransigência toda e qualquer forma de censura, especialmente a estatal.

Existem duas fortes razões para isso:

A primeira delas é a volatilidade da censura (especialmente a estatal). A censura oficial do governo, depois que é implementada, torna-se absolutamente incontrolável. Hoje, ela pode estar apontada para um grupo de pessoas cujas ideias divergem das suas. Mas amanhã, ela pode estar apontada justamente para as ideias que você defende. É fundamental, portanto, compreendermos que a censura estatal é incontrolável. Sob qualquer ponto de vista, é muito mais vantajoso que exista uma vasta pluralidade de ideias conflitantes na sociedade competindo entre si, do que o estado decidir que ideias podem ser difundidas ou não.

Além do mais, libertários e anarcocapitalistas não podem nunca esperar qualquer tipo de simpatia por parte das autoridades governamentais. Para o estado, seria infinitamente mais prático e vantajoso criminalizar o libertarianismo e o anarcocapitalismo — sob a alegação de que são filosofias perigosas difundidas por extremistas radicais que ameaçam o estado democrático de direito — do que o fascismo ou qualquer outra ideologia centralizada em governos burocráticos e onipotentes. Portanto, defender a censura, especialmente a estatal, representa sempre um perigo para o próprio indivíduo, que mais cedo ou mais tarde poderá ver a censura oficial do sistema se voltar contra ele.

Outra razão pela qual libertários jamais devem defender a censura, é porque — ao contrário dos estatistas — não é coerente que defensores da liberdade se comportem como se o estado fosse o seu papai e o governo fosse a sua mamãe. Não devemos terceirizar nossas próprias responsabilidades, tampouco devemos nos comportar como adultos infantilizados. Assumimos a responsabilidade de combater todas as ideologias e filosofias que agridem a liberdade e os seres humanos. Não procuramos políticos ou burocratas para executar essa tarefa por nós.

Portanto, se você ver um fascista sendo censurado nas redes sociais ou em qualquer outro lugar, assuma suas dores. Sinta-se compelido a defendê-lo, mostre aos seus detratores que ele tem todo direito de se expressar, como qualquer pessoa. Você não tem obrigação de concordar com ele ou apreciar as ideias que ele defende. Mas silenciar arbitrariamente qualquer pessoa não é uma pauta que honra a liberdade.

Se você não gosta de estado, planejamento central, burocracia, impostos, tarifas, políticas coletivistas, nacionalistas e desenvolvimentistas, mostre com argumentos coesos e convincentes porque a liberdade e o livre mercado são superiores a todos esses conceitos. Mas repudie a censura com intransigência e mordacidade.

Em primeiro lugar, porque você aprecia e defende a liberdade de expressão para todas as pessoas. E em segundo lugar, por entender perfeitamente que — se a censura eventualmente se tornar uma política de estado vigente entre a sociedade — é mais provável que ela atinja primeiro os defensores da liberdade do que os defensores do estado.

Machismo

Muitos elementos do comportamento masculino que hoje são atacados com virulência e considerados machistas pelo movimento progressista são na verdade manifestações naturais intrínsecas ao homem, que nossos avôs cultivaram ao longo de suas vidas sem serem recriminados por isso. Com a ascensão do feminismo, do progressismo e a eventual problematização do sexo masculino, o antagonismo militante dos principais líderes da revolução sexual da contracultura passou a naturalmente condenar todos os atributos genuinamente masculinos, por considerá-los símbolos de opressão e dominação social.

Apesar do Brasil ser uma sociedade liberal ultra-progressista, onde o estado protege mais as mulheres do que as crianças — afinal, a cada semana novas leis são implementadas concedendo inúmeros privilégios e benefícios às mulheres, aos quais elas jamais teriam direito em uma sociedade genuinamente machista e patriarcal —, a esquerda política persiste em tentar difundir a fantasia da opressão masculina e o mito de que vivemos em uma sociedade machista e patriarcal.

Como sempre, a realidade mostra um cenário muito diferente daquilo que é pregado pela militância da terra da fantasia. O Brasil atual não tem absolutamente nada de machista ou patriarcal. No Brasil, mulheres podem votar, podem ocupar posições de poder e autoridade tanto na esfera pública quanto em companhias privadas, podem se candidatar a cargos políticos, podem ser vereadoras, deputadas, governadoras, podem ser proprietárias do próprio negócio, podem se divorciar, podem dirigir, podem comprar armas, podem andar de biquíni nas praias, podem usar saias extremamente curtas, podem ver programas de televisão sobre sexo voltados única e exclusivamente para o público feminino, podem se casar com outras mulheres, podem ser promíscuas, podem consumir bebidas alcoólicas ao ponto da embriaguez, e podem fazer praticamente tudo aquilo que elas desejarem. No Brasil do século XXI, as mulheres são genuinamente livres para fazer as próprias escolhas em praticamente todos os aspectos de suas vidas. O que mostra efetivamente que a tal opressão do patriarcado não existe.

O liberalismo social extremo do qual as mulheres usufruem no Brasil atual — e que poderíamos estender a toda a sociedade contemporânea ocidental — é suficiente para desmantelar completamente a fábula feminista da sociedade patriarcal machista e opressora, que existe única e exclusivamente no mundinho de fantasias ideológicas da esquerda progressista.

Tão importante quanto, é fundamental compreender que nenhum homem é obrigado a levar o feminismo a sério ou considerá-lo um movimento social e político legítimo. Para um homem, ser considerado machista ou até mesmo assumir-se como um não deveria ser um problema. O progressismo e o feminismo — com o seu nefasto hábito de demonizar os homens, bem como todos os elementos inerentes ao comportamento e a cultura masculina — é que são o verdadeiro problema, conforme tentam modificar o homem para transformá-lo em algo que ele não é nem deveria ser: uma criatura dócil, passiva e submissa, que é comandada por ideologias hostis e antinaturais, que não respeitam a hierarquia de uma ordem social milenar e condições inerentes à própria natureza humana. Com o seu hábito de tentar modificar tudo através de leis e decretos, o feminismo e o progressismo mostram efetivamente que o seu real objetivo é criminalizar a masculinidade.

A verdade é que — usufruindo de um nível elevado de liberdades — não existe praticamente nada que a mulher brasileira do século XXI não possa fazer. Adicionalmente, o governo dá as mulheres uma quantidade tão avassaladora de vantagens, privilégios e benefícios, que está ficando cada vez mais difícil para elas encontrarem razões válidas para reclamarem da vida. Se o projeto de lei que pretende fornecer um auxílio mensal de mil e duzentos reais para mães solteiras for aprovado pelo senado, muitas mulheres que tem filhos não precisarão nem mesmo trabalhar para ter sustento. E tantas outras procurarão engravidar, para ter direito a receber uma mesada mensal do governo até o seu filho completar a maioridade.

O que a militância colorida da terra da fantasia convenientemente ignora — pois a realidade nunca corresponde ao seu conto de fadas ideológico — é que o mundo de uma forma geral continua sendo muito mais implacável com os homens do que é com as mulheres. No Brasil, a esmagadora maioria dos suicídios é praticada por homens, a maioria das vítimas de homicídio são homens e de cada quatro moradores de rua, três são homens. Mas é evidente que uma sociedade liberal ultra-progressista não se importa com os homens, pois ela não é influenciada por fatos concretos ou pela realidade. Seu objetivo é simplesmente atender as disposições de uma agenda ideológica, não importa quão divorciadas da realidade elas são.

O nível exacerbado de liberdades sociais e privilégios governamentais dos quais as mulheres brasileiras usufruem é suficiente para destruir a fantasiosa fábula da sociedade machista, opressora e patriarcal. Se as mulheres brasileiras não estão felizes, a culpa definitivamente não é dos homens. Se a vasta profusão de liberdades, privilégios e benefícios da sociedade ocidental não as deixa plenamente saciadas e satisfeitas, elas podem sempre mudar de ares e tentar uma vida mais abnegada e espartana em países como Irã, Paquistão ou Afeganistão. Quem sabe assim elas não se sentirão melhores e mais realizadas?

Homofobia

Quando falamos em homofobia, entramos em uma categoria muito parecida com a do racismo: o direito de discriminação é totalmente válido. Absolutamente ninguém deve ser obrigado a aceitar homossexuais ou considerar o homossexualismo como algo normal. Sendo cristão, não existe nem sequer a mais vaga possibilidade de que algum dia eu venha a aceitar o homossexualismo como algo natural. O homossexualismo se qualifica como um grave desvio de conduta e um pecado contra o Criador.

A Bíblia proíbe terminantemente conduta sexual imoral, o que — além do homossexualismo — inclui adultério, fornicação, incesto e bestialidade, entre outras formas igualmente pérfidas de degradação.

Segue abaixo três passagens bíblicas que proíbem terminantemente a conduta homossexual:

“Não te deitarás com um homem como se deita com uma mulher. Isso é abominável!” (Levítico 18:22 — King James Atualizada)

“Se um homem se deitar com outro homem, como se deita com mulher, ambos terão praticado abominação; certamente serão mortos; o seu sangue estará sobre eles.” (Levítico 20:13 — João Ferreira de Almeida Atualizada)

“O quê! Não sabeis que os injustos não herdarão o reino de Deus? Não sejais desencaminhados. Nem fornicadores, nem idólatras, nem adúlteros, nem homens mantidos para propósitos desnaturais, nem homens que se deitam com homens, nem ladrões, nem gananciosos, nem beberrões, nem injuriadores, nem extorsores herdarão o reino de Deus.” (1 Coríntios 6:9,10 —Tradução do Novo Mundo das Escrituras Sagradas com Referências)

Se você não é religioso, pode simplesmente levar em consideração o argumento do respeito pela ordem natural. A ordem natural é incondicional e incisiva com relação a uma questão: o complemento de tudo o que existe é o seu oposto, não o seu igual. O complemento do dia é a noite, o complemento da luz é a escuridão, o complemento da água, que é líquida, é a terra, que é sólida. E como sabemos o complemento do macho — de sua respectiva espécie — é a fêmea.

Portanto, o complemento do homem, o macho da espécie humana, é naturalmente a mulher, a fêmea da espécie humana. Um homem e uma mulher podem naturalmente se reproduzir, porque são um complemento biológico natural. Por outro lado, um homem e outro homem são incapazes de se reproduzir, assim como uma mulher e outra mulher.

Infelizmente, o mundo atual está longe de aceitar como plenamente estabelecida a ordem natural pelo simples fato dela existir, visto que tentam subvertê-la a qualquer custo, não importa o malabarismo intelectual que tenham que fazer para justificar os seus pontos de vista distorcidos e antinaturais. A libertinagem irrefreável e a imoralidade bestial do mundo contemporâneo pós-moderno não reconhecem nenhum tipo de limite. Quem tenta restabelecer princípios morais salutares é imediatamente considerado um vilão retrógrado e repressivo, sendo ativamente demonizado pela militância do hedonismo, da luxúria e da licenciosidade desenfreada e sem limites.

Definitivamente, fazer a apologia da moralidade, do autocontrole e do autodomínio não faz nenhum sucesso na Sodoma e Gomorra global dos dias atuais. O que faz sucesso é lacração, devassidão, promiscuidade e prazeres carnais vazios. O famoso escritor e filósofo francês Albert Camus expressou uma verdade contundente quando disse: “Uma só frase lhe bastará para definir o homem moderno — fornicava e lia jornais”.

Qualquer indivíduo tem o direito inalienável de discriminar ativamente homossexuais, pelo direito que ele julgar mais pertinente no seu caso. A objeção de consciência para qualquer situação é um direito natural dos indivíduos. Há alguns anos, um caso que aconteceu nos Estados Unidos ganhou enorme repercussão internacional, quando o confeiteiro Jack Phillips se recusou a fazer um bolo de casamento para o “casal” homossexual Dave Mullins e Charlie Craig.

Uma representação dos direitos civis do estado do Colorado abriu um inquérito contra o confeiteiro, alegando que ele deveria ser obrigado a atender todos os clientes, independente da orientação sexual, raça ou crença. Preste atenção nas palavras usadas — ele deveria ser obrigado a atender.

Como se recusou bravamente a ceder, o caso foi parar invariavelmente na Suprema Corte, que decidiu por sete a dois em favor de Jack Phillips, sob a alegação de que obrigar o confeiteiro a atender o “casal” homossexual era uma violação nefasta dos seus princípios religiosos. Felizmente, esse foi um caso em que a liberdade prevaleceu sobre a tirania progressista.

Evidentemente, homossexuais não devem ser agredidos, ofendidos, internados em clínicas contra a sua vontade, nem devem ser constrangidos em suas liberdades pelo fato de serem homossexuais. O que eles precisam entender é que a liberdade é uma via de mão dupla. Eles podem ter liberdade para adotar a conduta que desejarem e fazer o que quiserem (contanto que não agridam ninguém), mas da mesma forma, é fundamental respeitar e preservar a liberdade de terceiros que desejam rejeitá-los pacificamente, pelo motivo que for.

Afinal, ninguém tem a menor obrigação de aceitá-los, atendê-los ou sequer pensar que uma união estável entre duas pessoas do mesmo sexo — incapaz de gerar descendentes, e, portanto, antinatural — deva ser considerado um matrimônio de verdade. Absolutamente nenhuma pessoa, ideia, movimento, crença ou ideologia usufrui de plena unanimidade no mundo. Por que o homossexualismo deveria ter tal privilégio?

Homossexuais não são portadores de uma verdade definitiva, absoluta e indiscutível, que está acima da humanidade. São seres humanos comuns que — na melhor das hipóteses —, levam um estilo de vida que pode ser considerado “alternativo”, e absolutamente ninguém tem a obrigação de considerar esse estilo de vida normal ou aceitável. A única obrigação das pessoas é não interferir, e isso não implica uma obrigação em aceitar.

Discriminar homossexuais (assim como pessoas de qualquer outro grupo, raça, religião, nacionalidade ou etnia) é um direito natural por parte de todos aqueles que desejam exercer esse direito. E isso nem o direito positivo nem a militância progressista poderão algum dia alterar ou subverter. O direito natural e a inclinação inerente dos seres humanos em atender às suas próprias disposições é simplesmente imutável e faz parte do seu conjunto de necessidades.

Conclusão

A militância progressista é absurdamente autoritária, e todas as suas estratégias e disposições ideológicas mostram que ela está em uma guerra permanente contra a ordem natural, contra a liberdade e principalmente contra o homem branco, cristão, conservador e tradicionalista — possivelmente, aquilo que ela mais odeia e despreza.

Nós não podemos, no entanto, ceder ou dar espaço para a agenda progressista, tampouco pensar em considerar como sendo normais todas as pautas abusivas e tirânicas que a militância pretende estabelecer como sendo perfeitamente razoáveis e aceitáveis, quer a sociedade aceite isso ou não. Afinal, conforme formos cedendo, o progressismo tirânico e totalitário tende a ganhar cada vez mais espaço.

Quanto mais espaço o progressismo conquistar, mais corroída será a liberdade e mais impulso ganhará o totalitarismo. Com isso, a cultura do cancelamento vai acabar com carreiras, profissões e com o sustento de muitas pessoas, pelo simples fato de que elas discordam das pautas universitárias da moda.

A história mostra perfeitamente que quanto mais liberdade uma sociedade tem, mais progresso ela atinge. Por outro lado, quanto mais autoritária ela for, mais retrocessos ela sofrerá. O autoritarismo se combate com liberdade, desafiando as pautas de todos aqueles que persistem em implementar a tirania na sociedade. O politicamente correto é o nazismo dos costumes, que pretende subverter a moral através de uma cultura de vigilância policial despótica e autoritária, para que toda a sociedade seja subjugada pela agenda totalitária progressista.

Pois quanto a nós, precisamos continuar travando o bom combate em nome da liberdade. E isso inclui reconhecer que ideologias, hábitos e costumes de que não gostamos tem o direito de existir e até mesmo de serem defendidos.

@ 97c70a44:ad98e322

The last few days on developer nostr have involved quite a kerfluffle over the outbox model, blastr, banning jack, and many related misunderstandings. This post is an attempt to lay out my thoughts on the matter in an organized and hopefully helpful way.

What's wrong with outbox?

It all started with a post from jack asking why more devs haven't implemented the outbox model. There are many answers to this question, not least having to do with there being two standards for user relay selections, and ongoing changes to NIP 65. But I don't want to talk about compatibility here.

nostr:nevent1qydhwumn8ghj7argv4nx7un9wd6zumn0wd68yvfwvdhk6tcprfmhxue69uhhq7tjv9kkjepwve5kzar2v9nzucm0d5hszymhwden5te0wfjkccte9enrw73wd9hj7qpq2uf488j3uy084kpsn594xcef9g9x3lplx4xnglf0xwghyw2n3tfqqnrm02

Mazin responded with some numbers which estimate how many connections the outbox model requires. Too many connections can become expensive for low-power clients like mobile phones, not to mention some privacy issues stemming from nosy relays.

nevent1qythwumn8ghj76twvfhhstnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0qyv8wumn8ghj7cm9d3kxzu3wdehhxarj9emkjmn99uq3samnwvaz7tmrwfjkzarj9ehx7um5wgh8w6twv5hsqgrn7l6zj7ht6ruyk76vvvtkfs4xrhyzc3tm64l3eyfvd40y26sz0gshmunh

I have some minor disagreements with Mazin's numbers, but I basically agree with his point — a purist outbox model, where a large proportion of nostr users run their own relays results in a high number of connections to different relays. I brought this question up late last year in my interview with Mike Dilger and in a conversation with fiatjaf, who convinced me that in practice, this doesn't matter — enough people will use a handful of larger hubs that there will be a good amount of overlap in relay selections between most pubkeys.

To articulate this more clearly: the goal is not "personal web nodes", which is a pipe dream the Farcasters and BlueSkys (BlueSkies?) of the world aim at, but a more pragmatic mix between large hubs and smaller purpose-built relays. These small relays might be outlets for large publishers, small groups, or nerds who also run their own SMTP servers and lightning nodes.

The point of the outbox model is that these small nodes be possible to run, and discoverable from the rest of the network so that we can preserve the censorship-resistant qualities of nostr that brought us here in the first place.

Blast It!

It's no secret that I've long been a critic of Mutiny's blastr relay implementation. My main objection is that the blastr approach doesn't account for the hard limits involved in scaling smaller relays. If the goal is to cross-pollinate notes across all relays in the network, all relays will require the same size database, and contain all notes in the network. This works right now (sort of), but as the network grows, the relays running on a $5 VPS are going to have their disks fill up and will inevitably fall over.

nevent1qyvhwumn8ghj76r0v3kxymmy9ehx7um5wgcjucm0d5hszxnhwden5te0wpuhyctdd9jzuenfv96x5ctx9e3k7mf0qythwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgu3wvfskuep0qqs07jr9qx49h53nhw76u7c3up2s72k7le2zj94h5fugmcgtyde4j9qfrnwxj

Not only that, but the content breakdown on any given relay by default becomes an undifferentiated soup of "GM", chinese notes, bots, bitcoin memes, and porn. Blastr makes it impossible to run an interesting relay without implementing write policies.

Which is actually fine! Because that's always been true — servers that allow anonymous uploads always get abused. Tony is just helpfully pointing out to us that this is no less true of nostr relays. I only wish he could have waited a little longer before mounting his attack on the network, because lots of hobbyists are interested in running interesting relays, but the tools don't yet exist to protect those servers from unsolicited notes.

One other note on blastr — Tony at one point described blastr as a relay proxy. This is an interesting perspective, which puts things in a different light. More on proxies later.

Ban Jack?

Here's a thought experiment: how might we actually "ban blastr"? @Pablof7z suggested to me in a conversation that you could configure your relay to check every note that gets published to your relay against the big nostr hubs, and if it exists on any of them to simply delete it. Of course, that would result in your relay being basically empty, and the hubs having all of your content. That's game theory for you I guess.

Another approach that was floated was to encourage users to only publish to small relays. In theory, this would force clients to implement outbox so users could still see the content they were subscribed to. Fiatjaf even posted two identical notes, one to his personal relay, and one to a hub to see which would get more engagement. The note posted to the mainstream relay got 10x more replies and likes than the more obscure note.

nostr:nevent1qyd8wumn8ghj7urewfsk66ty9enxjct5dfskvtnrdakj7qgmwaehxw309aex2mrp0yh8wetnw3jhymnzw33jucm0d5hszymhwden5te0wp6hyurvv4cxzeewv4ej7qpqdc2drrmdmlkcyna5kkcv8yls4f8zaj82jjl00xrh2tmmhw3ejsmsmp945r

Of course, this is thwarted by blastr, since blastr not only replicates notes posted to it, it also actively crawls the network as well. So the next logical step in this train of thought would be for hubs to encourage people to use small relays by actively blocking high-profile accounts.

nostr:nevent1qydhwumn8ghj7argv4nx7un9wd6zumn0wd68yvfwvdhk6tcpzdmhxue69uhhyetvv9ujue3h0ghxjme0qyd8wumn8ghj7urewfsk66ty9enxjct5dfskvtnrdakj7qpqpjhnn69lej55kde9l64jgmdkx2ngy2yk87trgjuzdte2skkwwnhqv5esfq

This would of course never happen (Damus is one client that hasn't implemented NIP 65, and they also run the biggest relay), but it was a fun thought experiment. At any rate, the silliness of the suggestion didn't stop certain people from getting offended that we would "disrupt the free market" by "forcing" our opinions on everyone else. Oh well.

Death to Blastr

In reality, even though blastr makes it a little harder to adopt outbox in the short term, its days are numbered. Eventually, relay operators will start to feel the pain of unsolicted notes, and will either shut their relays down or look for tools that will help them curate the content they host.

From my perspective, these tools take two forms — read protection and write protection. This is something I alluded to in my talk at Nostrasia last November.

Write protection is straightforward — already many relays have access control lists based on active subscriptions, invite codes, or just static whitelists that determine who is allowed to post to a given relay, or what event authors are represented there. This approach effectively prevents blastr from using relays as free storage, which is a huge improvement.

Read protection is more tricky, because anything publicly readable will be scraped by blastr and replicated to unauthenticated-write relays across the network. In most cases, this is ok, but there are use cases for relays to exist that host a unique collection of notes oriented around some organizing principle. Unfortunately, with blastr in action (or any scraper that might exist), the only way to do this is to actively protect proprietary content. There are a few approaches that can work to make this happen:

• IP-based access control lists
• AUTH-based access control lists
• Stripping signatures when serving events
• Storing and serving encrypted content

Each of these approaches has its own set of trade-offs. But depending on use case, any of them or a combination of them could work to allow relay operators to carve out their own piece of the nostr-verse. In fact, this is a big part of what Coracle is about — the white-labeled version of the product confines certain notes to proprietary relays, with optional encrypted group support.

Enough of my polemic against blastr. Let's talk about how to make the outbox model actually work.

Hints are pointless

Right now, clients that implement the outbox model rely pretty heavily on relay hints to find related notes — whether user profiles, reply parents, or community definitions. The problem with hints is that they are prone to link rot. Many of the relays that were set up a year ago when nostr took off are no longer online, and yet they persist in user relay lists, and in relay hints. These hints can't be updated — they are set in stone. What this means is that a different mechanism has to be used to find the notes the hints were supposed to help locate.

Because of this, I've come around to the position that hints are basically pointless. They are fine as a stopgap, and might be appropriate for certain obscure and ill-defined use cases where relay urls are the most durable address type available. But they provide basically no value in supporting the long-term robustness of the network.

What are durable, however, are pubkeys. Pubkeys are available pretty much everywhere, except in event id hints — and there is a proposal in the works to add a pubkey to those too. The cool thing about pubkeys as hints is that once you have a pubkey, all you need to do is find that person's kind 10002 inbox/outbox selections, and you should be able to find any note they have published.

This goes with the caveat that when users change their relay selections, or rotate their key, they (or their relays) should be sure to copy their notes to the new relay/pubkey.

The question then is: how do I find a given pubkey's relay selections?

There are already several mechanisms that make this reasonably easy. First of all, NIP 65 explicitly recommends publishing relay selections to a wide range of relays. This is a place where the blastr approach is appropriate. As a result, relay selections are usually available on the most popular public relays. Then there are special purpose relays like purplepag.es, which actively seek out these notes and index them.

These indexes are not confined to relays either. It would be trivial to create a DVM that you could ask for a pubkey's relay selections, optionally for a fee. Alex Gleason's proxy tag could also be used to indicate indexes that exist outside the nostr network — whether that be torrents, DHT keys, or what have you.

The best part is that this doesn't negatively impact the decentralization of the network because in principle these indexes are stateless — in other words, they're easily derived from the state of the public part of the nostr network.

Just do it for me

Looping back to where we started — the complexity and technical challenges of implementing the outbox model — there is a simple solution that many people have experimented with in different ways that could solve both issues at once: proxies.

As I mentioned above, Tony thinks of blastr as a proxy, and he's right. More specifically, it's a write-proxy. This is only part of its functionality (it also acts as an independent agent which crawls the network. EDIT: apparently this is not true!), but it is an essential part of how people use it.

Another kind of proxy is a read proxy. There are several implementations of these, including my own multiplextr proxy, which is outbox-compatible (although it requires a wrapper protocol for use). The advantage of a proxy like this is that it can reduce the number of connections a client has to open, and the number of duplicate events it has to download.

Proxies can do all kinds of fancy things in the background too, like managing the outbox model on behalf of the client, building an index of everything the user would be likely to ask for in advance to speed up response times, and more.

One interesting possibility is that a NIP 46 signer could double as a proxy, reducing the number of round trips needed. And since a signer already has access to your private key, this kind of proxy would not result in an escalation in permissions necessary for the proxy to work.

It's simple

The number of cool and creative solutions to the content replication and indexing problem is huge, and certainly doesn't end with blastr. Just to summarize the next steps I'm excited to see (to be honest, I want to build them myself, but we all know how that goes):

• More clients supporting outbox
• Outbox implementations maturing (Coracle's still has some issues that need to be worked out)
• A shift from relying on relay hints to relying on pubkey hints + relay selection indexes of some kind
• Proxy/signer combos which can take on some of the heavy lifting for clients of delivering events to the right inboxes, and pulling events from the right outboxes

Let's get building!

@ 1123ece2:7d1e00c0

Welcome to The Refinery.

The Master’s recipe for Effective Praying is the theme we have been working through for the last few Sunday's and is a study of the petitions found in the Lord’s prayer.

Today we are discussing, Thy Will Be Done.

The Text we will concentrate on today is,

Matthew 6:10 NKJV

10 Your kingdom come. Your will be done On earth as it is in heaven.

Further Scripture Reading includes,

Luke 22:39-46 NKJV

The Prayer in the Garden

39 Coming out, He went to the Mount of Olives, as He was accustomed, and His disciples also followed Him. 

40 When He came to the place, He said to them, “Pray that you may not enter into temptation.”

41 And He was withdrawn from them about a stone’s throw, and He knelt down and prayed, 

42 saying, “Father, if it is Your will, take this cup away from Me; nevertheless not My will, but Yours, be done.” 

43 Then an angel appeared to Him from heaven, strengthening Him. 

44 And being in agony, He prayed more earnestly. Then His sweat became like great drops of blood falling down to the ground.

45 When He rose up from prayer, and had come to His disciples, He found them sleeping from sorrow. 

46 Then He said to them, “Why do you sleep? Rise and pray, lest you enter into temptation.”

Introduction.

“It is God’s will.”

These words are often used to interpret the tragedies of life.

In legal language, “an act of God” is used to explain the great catastrophes that bring so much suffering and ruin.

Yet Jesus instructed us to pray, “Thy will be done.”

Does that mean that we are praying for catastrophes and tragedies to fall upon us?

Such tragic events are not what we find associated with God’s will in the Bible.

God wills to create a world, to create humans, to send His Son, to redeem humans.

These things are an expression of God’s eternal purpose and will be accomplished, so there is really no need for us to pray for the accomplishment of them.

But God’s will also includes His commands and His plan for our day to day lives.

Thus we need to pray that His will might be done in our lives and in the lives of others.

The concern of this particular petition is how we are to do God’s will.

Since His will is to be done “on earth as it is in heaven,” we are to look to heaven for our pattern of response.

Even though we do not know as much about heaven as we would like to know, we do know enough to give us some helpful instructions at this point.

1. **Submissively. **

There is only one Lord in heaven.

Every creature bows before Him in worship, adoration, and submission.

In Isaiah six, Isaiah records that he saw angelic beings with six wings.

Two of their wings were used to fly with the speed to carry out God’s every wish, and two we used to cover their faces as an act of reverence in His presence.

In the end time revelation of Jesus Christ, John saw the saints bowing before God and casting their crowns at His feet.

John describe the saints as those who “serve Him day and night.”

He is absolute Lord over everything there, and everyone is completely submissive to His will. 

Sometimes we obey without actually being submissive.

A little boy once expressed this thought eloquently to his mother when she made him sit in the corner as a form of discipline.

He didn't like it, so he tried to stand up.

But she was firm and insisted that he be seated.

As he took his seat, he replied, “I may be sitting on the outside, but I'm still standing on the inside.”

She could make him respond physically, but she could not make him submissive in the spirit.

Some of us respond to God's will in this way.

We give in to the insistence of God, but we do not really submit to him as Lord.

Thus petition “Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven is a place that we would have the very spirit of heaven as we approach God's will.

Our attitude and doing God's will is just as important as the act itself.

2. Completely.

Completely means not selectively.

In heaven God's will is done completely.

The angels are not selective in their obedience to God's will. 

Whatever God says, they do.

Those who refused to give the Lord God complete obedience and chose to exercise their own will in opposition to his will have been excluded from heaven.

They are no longer privileged to enter into God's presence. 

Jesus teaches us to pray that God's will maybe done in our lives and in our world.

We have a tendency to be selective in our response to God's will.

We pick which of His precepts will guide us.

For example, a man may choose to follow the Lord's will in attending public worship, but he may choose to ignore God's will when it comes to tithing.

Another man may be very careful for the follow the Lord's will for stewardship.

He may be more careful than a Pharisee when it comes to calculating his tithes and offerings, but he may ignore the Lord's will for his marriage and instead follow the last of the flesh.

In heaven it is never so!

There God's will is done completely.

Completely means not partially.

We may also be partial in our obedience. 

We may reserve the right to determine exactly how far we will go in our response to God's will.

But partial obedience is actually disobedience.

Whatever God says, we must do. 

3. Joyfully.

Joyfully like the angels.

Joy is one of the most obvious marks of the heavenly response.

Scripture tells us that the angels sing as they do the will of the Father in heaven.

We must be joyful like the Son.

In Psalm 40:8, we read, “I delight to do Your will, O my God, And Your law is within my heart.”

Jesus did not do the father's wheel out of a sense of duty, but rather with great delight.

In John 4:34 Jesus said, “My food is to do the will of Him who sent Me, and to finish His work.”

He found real joy in doing the will of his father.

It was food for His spirit.

Our response to the will of God will be one of our first concerns when we before Him.

We need to be concerned that we know his will fully and do it joyfully.

4. Constantly.

We have no record of ever being a need for revival in heaven.

No Angel ever waivers in his devotion to God's will.

No Angel ever withdraws his support from the Lord's program.

Day after day he does whatever God commands.

Millennia pass by and angels still obey with the same joy and delight, doing whatever task God assigns them.

Our Lord Jesus also provides us with a beautiful example.

He allowed nothing to turn him from doing the Fathers will.

With a willing heart and delight in His God, He went all the way to the cross.

Conclusion.

Are you giving consideration to God's will in your life?

It should be one of your first considerations when you come to pray.

It is more important that you know and do God's will and that you have your daily bread.

God makes this a matter of first concern.

Will you? 

Until next time

Stay in the Blessings

I really want to encourage you to be diligent with your Bible study time, because God has so much more for us than we can get from just going to church once or twice a week and hearing someone else talk about the Word.

When you spend time with God, your life will change in amazing ways, because God is a Redeemer. Theres nothing thats too hard for Him, and He can make you whole, spirit, soul and body!

You’re important to God, and you’re important to us at The Refinery.

When it comes to prayer, we believe that God wants to meet your needs and reveal His promises to you.

So whatever you’re concerned about and need prayer for we want to be here for you! Or even if you just want to say Hi, you can contact us at www.refinerylife.org

2024 IS A YEAR OF DECISIONS AND OPEN DOORS

© www.refinerylife.org  2013-2024 All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the Australian Copyright Act 1968, no part of this Article may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, communicated or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior written permission. 

This episode is brought to you by Refinery Life Australia:

If you enjoy The Refinery Life Radio Podcast you can help support The Refinery by doing the following:

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@ f954303f:6e1b0af5

做题家群体到底因为什么在至少包含reddit的墙外网络中备受嘲讽呢？

做题家身上到底有什么特质导致人人喊打？

我左看右看做题是现代普通中国人性价比最高的提高自身生活和社会地位的方式。

为啥嘲笑鄙夷这群人？

submitted by /u/NoSense9018 (https://www.reddit.com/user/NoSense9018)

[link] (https://www.reddit.com/r/China_irl/comments/1cyn83a/做题家群体到底因为什么在至少包含reddit的墙外网络中备受嘲讽呢/)[comments] (https://www.reddit.com/r/China_irl/comments/1cyn83a/做题家群体到底因为什么在至少包含reddit的墙外网络中备受嘲讽呢/)

#China_irl

https://www.reddit.com/r/China_irl/comments/1cyn83a/做题家群体到底因为什么在至少包含reddit的墙外网络中备受嘲讽呢/

@ c11cf5f8:4928464d

Wrangle up your latest tech discoveries, reviews, and recommendations. Let's hear all about your favorite tech products, services, or projects!

Feel free to share any new tech you've heard about, bought for yourself, or technology that you just think other stackers should know about. Found any gadgets or gizmos that blew your mind? Don't be shy—share the pros and cons and help your fellow stackers in the ~AGORA stay ahead of the tech curve!

Send your best 👇

@ 6389be64:ef439d32

Lynn Margulis suggests that evolving life is predicated upon the cooperation of cells and not competition. Symbiosis, not mutation, drives evolution by transferring whole genes from cell to cell instead of random point mutations in organisms' basic instruction set.

What if developers of Bitcoin, nostr, etc. reject (for the time being) modern market competition and embrace collaboration? Forming companies for profit seem to be flashing a target for regulatory pressures at this time.

@ f954303f:6e1b0af5

PLA第四代坦克

(https://www.reddit.com/r/China_irl/comments/1cyn7nz/pla第四代坦克/)

双人（疑似三人）操作无人炮塔非常激进，放弃了甲弹对抗，防护全靠主动防御系统，战斗全重45吨使用1500马力的电机，炮管有隐身处理并改制为超级嗑药版的105毫米强于125毫米三期弹680穿深。图一为无防护裸甲状态图二为披甲状态。

submitted by /u/SmileBackground7152 (https://www.reddit.com/user/SmileBackground7152)

[link] (https://www.reddit.com/gallery/1cyn7nz)[comments] (https://www.reddit.com/r/China_irl/comments/1cyn7nz/pla第四代坦克/)

#China_irl

https://www.reddit.com/r/China_irl/comments/1cyn7nz/pla第四代坦克/

@ 0e95a7a7:21caf82b

Over the past year, Chingari has emerged as a dark horse in the SocialFi field, showcasing a remarkable growth trajectory. According to the data presented, since May 2023, Chingari has experienced significant fluctuations and growth in its independent active user count (UAW), transaction volume, and number of transactions. Particularly at the beginning of 2024, Chingari witnessed several substantial increases in user activity and transaction volume, demonstrating its strong performance in the market.

According to Coin98 Analytics, in the past 30 days, Chingari ranks seventh in the number of independent active addresses, with a total of 777K, indicating its gradually solidifying position in the SocialFi app landscape. This achievement not only reflects Chingari’s breakthroughs in technology and product development, but also highlights its precise understanding of user demands and market trends.

Whether in the Web2 or Web3 world, social applications have become a necessity for users, and Chingari has gradually attracted a large number of users’ attention and participation with its unique operating model and innovative features. Next, we will delve into an analysis of Chingari’s operational strategies and the challenges it faces in the SocialFi field.

Chingari Platform Overview: Indian Innovative Short Video Social App with Impressive Incentive Mechanisms and User Growth Chingari is a popular short video social application that has quickly gained prominence in the Indian market since its launch in 2020. Similar to China’s TikTok, Chingari allows users to earn rewards by creating and sharing short video content. With its innovative features and reward mechanisms, Chingari has attracted a large number of users, forming a massive community with over 175 million current users.

Expanding User Base

Chingari’s vision is to become the best short video sharing platform for users, dedicated to providing opportunities for talented individuals to showcase themselves. Users can capture and share perfect videos to showcase themselves to the world. Currently, Chingari boasts over 50 million users and 160 million views, with downloads exceeding 130 million times. The platform offers multiple language versions to enable more people to use this popular new platform and emphasizes protecting user data and security to ensure users can use it with peace of mind.

Innovative Reward Mechanisms

Chingari not only provides a platform to showcase talent but also incentivizes user participation in content creation through various means. Users can earn GARI tokens by watching, sharing, and creating video content. These tokens can be used to unlock special content from creators or purchase voice or video call experiences with creators. By staking idle assets in the wallet, users can also earn additional rewards. This “create and earn” and “participate and earn” mechanism greatly stimulates user enthusiasm and promotes platform activity.

Financing and Development

In just a few years, Chingari has achieved significant milestones. In 2021, Chingari raised $19 million in funding and was ranked as India’s number one social networking app in the Indian government’s “App Innovation Challenge.” In May 2022, Chingari completed a $15 million Series A expansion round of financing, providing a solid foundation for further development. In the future, Chingari plans to launch integrated beta testing and live testing of blockchain, further enriching user experience and driving the platform’s continued development.

Through these efforts, Chingari is continuously reshaping the social media landscape, providing users with better experiences and more opportunities. Chingari’s success is not only a breakthrough in technology and products but also a precise understanding of user needs and market trends. Next, we will delve into the operational strategies of Chingari and the challenges it faces in the SocialFi field.

In-depth Analysis of Chingari’s Integration with Kana Labs Paymaster: A Crucial Layout for Decentralized Social Media Innovation and Integration: Chingari’s Latest Move

On February 23, 2024, Chingari, a leading short video sharing platform in the Web3 space, announced its integration with Kana Labs Paymaster service, offering sponsored transactions covering gas fees. This move aims to further optimize user experience, lower the barrier of entry for users, and foster widespread adoption of the platform. Since its establishment in 2018, Chingari has been dedicated to empowering creators through NFT technology, providing content ownership management, and now boasts nearly 5 million daily active users with a daily video viewing count of up to 200 million.

The Significance of Paymaster Technology

Paymaster is a blockchain infrastructure that allows companies or third-party entities to store tokens for sponsoring transactions. This means that any dApp integrated with Paymaster technology can provide its users with a seamless transaction experience without the complexity of gas fees. Paymaster accounts hold various tokens used to pay for transaction fees, enabling these dApps to cover the gas fees for transactions, thus simplifying the user’s operational process.

Kana Labs’ Paymaster service is widely recognized for its efficiency and reliability and is recommended by Aptos Labs as the preferred choice for dApp integration. Chingari chose to partner with Kana Labs not only for its advantages in the multi-chain ecosystem but also for Kana Labs’ excellent performance in cross-chain solutions and smart wallet capabilities. By integrating Kana Labs Paymaster service, Chingari can effectively reduce users’ transaction costs, enhance platform scalability, and improve user satisfaction.

The Future of Decentralized Ecosystems

Chingari, initially built on the Solana network, has now migrated to the Aptos network to leverage its higher scalability and lower gas fees. This multi-chain strategy ensures Chingari’s leading position in both technological innovation and user experience. Since mid-February 2024, Chingari has sponsored over 800,000 transactions through the Kana Labs Paymaster service. This integration not only enhances the platform’s decentralized transaction management capabilities but also enables users to enjoy a more convenient Web3 experience.

In the future, as Kana Labs continues to expand its services in the multi-chain ecosystem, Chingari will be able to achieve greater market penetration and technical integration on a global scale. Through this collaboration, Chingari not only enhances its own competitiveness but also sets new benchmarks for the development of decentralized social media. This move by Chingari heralds more innovation and transformation for decentralized social platforms in the future.

Chingari’s Multi-Pronged Approach Leads to Comprehensive Improvement in User Engagement and Platform Functionality Web3 social media enthusiasts are well aware that Chingari, as a leading short video sharing platform, has gained significant influence both within and outside the Web3 community. Specifically, Chingari has made remarkable progress in several areas, making waves in the market:

Firstly, in terms of user incentives, Chingari has significantly increased user engagement through a series of reward mechanisms. For example, on May 10, 2024, Chingari announced the “Refer and Earn Leaderboard Contest” on the X platform, with a prize pool of up to $100,000 in GARI tokens. This initiative encourages users to refer new users and stay active on the platform, with referrers earning 100 $GARI for each successful referral and referees earning 50 $GARI. This initiative not only promotes user growth but also enhances community interaction.

In terms of platform operations, Chingari has adopted a strategy of regularly burning GARI tokens to control token supply and increase their scarcity. On May 13, 2024, Chingari announced the successful burning of 500,000 GARI tokens, worth approximately $11,000, reducing the total supply by 1.61%. This burning mechanism effectively enhances token value and boosts user confidence in the platform’s long-term development.

Additionally, Chingari has introduced several advanced trading tools, enhancing the user trading experience. On May 30, 2024, the platform launched DEX aggregation functionality, providing better trading options through Raydium and Meteor. Meanwhile, users can utilize limit orders and Dollar-Cost Averaging (DCA) automated investment strategies to better control their trading and investment plans. By staking GARI tokens, users not only gain voting rights but also participate in platform governance, voting on proposals, thereby enhancing their involvement in platform decisions.

To further enhance user experience and platform functionality, Chingari plans to launch perpetual contract trading using Drift.trade and Raydium liquidity on July 5, 2024. Additionally, users can borrow other cryptocurrencies using GARI or SOL tokens as collateral until July 30, 2024, unlocking more liquidity and improving asset utilization efficiency.

Overall, through these strategies and feature innovations, Chingari has not only successfully expanded its user base and platform functionality diversity but also demonstrated its forward-looking layout and innovative spirit in the Web3 social media field. However, despite these measures showing strong growth potential, future market changes and user demands remain uncertain. Whether Chingari can maintain its leading position in the fierce competition in the future remains to be seen.

@ 6ad3e2a3:c90b7740

I heard it somewhere, I think it was from Preston Pysh, who suggested the bitcoin ETFs might be a trap of sorts, wherein once a sufficient number of coins were in their custody*, the government would “6102” them for national security.

* I think Coinbase might actually hold the keys to the ETF coins, so “custody” probably isn’t the right word to describe the arrangement between the ETFs and those buying price exposure to, but not actual, bitcoin via those instruments.

The number “6102” refers to the Emergency Banking Relief Act of 1933 and Executive Order 6102 that authorized President Roosevelt to force American citizens to turn in their gold. (He did this to issue more gold-backed money during The Great Depression.)

Because bitcoin private keys are merely information and therefore difficult to seize from individuals en masse (you’d have to make people cough up information they could claim to have lost or forgotten), the ETFs could be a roundabout way to create a concentrated and easy-to-seize hard money to which to peg the dollar.

As it stands, the US-based ETFs collectively have amassed nearly a million coins, roughly five percent of the total 21 million supply, (a few million of which are likely lost forever.) Let’s fast forward a few years and assume the following (all of which seem plausible to me, though the exact numbers are not important):

The national debt, presently at $35 trillion, balloons to $50 trillion. The interest expense alone on the debt at five percent rates is 2.5 trillion per year, roughly three times the size of the entire (on the books) defense budget. Official inflation numbers are running north of five percent, even though people know real inflation is upwards of 10. Bitcoin is trading at $1 million per coin (roughly 14x where it is now.) If you think that’s crazy, consider $70K is 14x $5K where it was in the spring of 2020. Let’s also assume the ETFs collectively have two million coins (more than 10 percent) at that point.

Essentially, the dollar is on the brink of hyper-inflating, the US at risk of going full Weimar. Gold is at $10K per ounce, but it’s just a rock and can’t underpin a global system where money moves at the speed of light, and there’s no way for people to audit its supply in an environment of increasing global distrust.

The US government policy makers put on poker faces for the public to buy time, but are well aware of the precarity. They are faced with two terrible choices: raise rates to try and tame inflation the way Paul Volcker did in the 1970s, thereby skyrocketing the interest expense on our much larger debt and crippling the economy, or cut rates, make already severely debased money even cheaper and usher in almost certain hyperinflation.

Under these circumstances, where both choices portend a high likelihood of government collapse, it’s not only conceivable, but I’d argue, probable they avail themselves of a third option: 6102 the ETF coins.

I imagine it might go down like this: The administration, whoever it is, meets with Brian Armstrong of Coinbase and the CEOs of the ETF issuers, gives them a very brief heads up: “We’re taking the coins for national security and compensating all your clients at the face value at which they’re trading,” i.e., they would just give them today’s market value if they were to sell, i.e., $1M per coin. So if there were two million coins in ETF custody, that would be $2T distributed pro rata among the investors.

Most of the investors would realize a significant (nominal) profit from where they bought. Moreover, the CEOs would be considered patriots (by the government) if they complied and criminals if they refused. They would probably be allowed/encouraged to buy underlying coins for themselves that day, knowing what was about to happen too. In short, it’s almost inconceivable to me they wouldn’t go along, and in fact, might have an inkling of this end game already.

After the government surreptitiously gained control of the keys to the ETF coins, they would make an announcement: the US dollar is now fully backed by the hardest money in human history and fully redeemable at $30M USD per coin. In other words, their two million coins would now be worth $60 trillion, more than enough to pay off the debt in its entirety and restore confidence in the dollar.

The dollar would inflate immediately now that it was debased 30:1 vs its prior bitcoin price. But that ratio would apply only to bitcoin. Real estate prices might go up 5x, food 2x, it’s impossible to say. The dollar would have real redeemable value for something of finite supply and would no longer be printable via fiat so long as that tether remained in place. In fact, and this is beyond my tech knowledge, the announcement could be tied to some kind of cryptographically unforgeable and legally binding arrangement wherein the dollar must always be pegged at that 30:1 rate. If it could be arbitrarily debased further, there might be no point.

Of course, this would handicap the government significantly — no longer could it print money to fund proxy wars in Ukraine, invade Iraq or shell out off-the-books blank checks for CIA operations in Central America. It would lose much of its power as the expenses of empire would have to be justified or greatly curtailed. And while those that wield this excessive and dangerous power would never go along with it voluntarily, under the circumstances above — facing chaotic collapse — they would have little choice.

There would be significant pain — even my arbitrary estimates of real estate and food inflation would be catastrophic for many, and it could easily be much worse than that. But compared to the alternative it would be like an airplane touching down on the runway during a storm with but a mild bump.

@ 0e95a7a7:21caf82b

With the rapid development of blockchain technology, major platforms are accelerating the construction and expansion of their ecosystems. In early May, Neon significantly boosted its ecosystem capabilities and development through two key initiatives: launching the Lumen Money protocol and forming a strategic partnership with Eclipse. These moves not only strengthened Neon’s market position but also brought new opportunities and functionalities to its user and developer communities.

Firstly, the launch of Lumen Money provides Neon users with a new decentralized lending platform, allowing them to borrow and lend cryptocurrencies in a trustless manner. The protocol automates the lending process through smart contracts, with interest rates determined by dynamic algorithms based on the supply and demand of various supported cryptocurrencies. Additionally, since Lumen Money is deployed on Neon EVM, it can directly access the native liquidity of the Solana ecosystem and leverage its network advantages, significantly enhancing transaction efficiency and user experience.

Secondly, the collaboration between Neon and Eclipse marks a significant breakthrough in blockchain network interoperability. This partnership successfully overcomes the compatibility barrier between EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) and SVM (Solana Virtual Machine) by integrating the mature technology suite, Neon Stack, developed by the core team at Neon EVM. This move not only enhances compatibility between EVM and SVM but also creates more possibilities for developers and users, driving the development and deployment of innovative applications.

Through these strategic initiatives, Neon not only strengthens its technical foundation but also provides its user and developer community with broader operational scope and more efficient tools. This demonstrates its firm commitment to advancing the forefront of blockchain technology and promoting ecosystem diversity. Below, we will briefly analyze the potential impact of launching the Lumen Money protocol and collaborating with Eclipse on Neon’s development.

Launching Lumen Money: A Revolutionary Lending Protocol Lumen Money is a brand-new decentralized finance (DeFi) platform that offers users a trustless lending environment. The core of this platform lies in its smart contracts, which automatically handle all lending activities and adjust interest rates in real-time based on market supply and demand dynamics.

Deployed on Neon EVM, Lumen Money can seamlessly integrate into the Solana ecosystem, providing platform users with native liquidity advantages while fully leveraging Solana’s network features. Utilizing the Compound Finance codebase, Lumen Money establishes a comprehensive money market, allowing Solana users to borrow and lend funds directly from its rich asset pool.

The platform employs an over-collateralized lending model, meaning borrowers need to provide assets worth more than the loan amount as collateral. This approach enhances the security of the lending process. Borrowers can deposit their crypto assets into Lumen’s lending pools and earn interest on these assets. The interest rates are determined by a utilization-based rate curve model, initially pioneered by Compound Finance.

To improve user experience and security, Lumen Money offers a diverse range of money market options, including popular assets like ETH, SOL, USDT, and USDC. Additionally, Lumen Money plans to gradually add more asset classes, including long-tail assets that can be utilized in isolated lending pools. The platform integrates top-tier oracle services like Pyth and Chainlink and implements time locks and multi-signature mechanisms for core contracts to ensure secure and reliable transactions.

Moreover, Lumen Money has introduced the Lumen Loyalty Points system to encourage user lending activities and platform engagement. These points reflect users’ contributions to the Lumen ecosystem, with a portion allocated for community airdrops and another portion used for community incentives and revenue-sharing models.

As the Neon EVM ecosystem continues to grow, Lumen Money’s participation undeniably brings broader application scenarios and deeper market engagement to the Neon platform. This not only enhances Neon’s market competitiveness but also offers its users a more diverse range of financial tools and services, showcasing Neon’s proactive stance and capability in driving blockchain financial innovation.

Neon and Eclipse Collaborate to Overcome EVM and SVM Compatibility Barriers In the rapidly evolving blockchain technology landscape, the collaboration between Neon and Eclipse marks a significant breakthrough in compatibility between two major ecosystems. Through this strategic alliance, Eclipse becomes the first platform to integrate the Neon Stack, achieving seamless compatibility between the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) and the Solana Virtual Machine (SVM). This accomplishment not only enhances the technical interoperability of the two platforms but also opens up new possibilities for developers and users, significantly advancing Web3’s penetration into the mainstream market.

Eclipse leverages its unique L2 modular design, combining Solana’s high-performance processing capabilities with Ethereum’s settlement features, to create a high-performance platform capable of handling large-scale transactions. The introduction of the Neon Stack provides crucial technical support to this structure, enabling SVM-based Eclipse to support native Ethereum dApps. This technological fusion resolves the long-standing incompatibility issue between EVM and SVM, allowing developers to deploy existing Ethereum applications on Solana without the need for extensive rewrites, while benefiting from lower transaction fees and faster processing speeds.

The Neon Stack itself is a comprehensive technological solution, including key components such as the Neon EVM smart contracts and Neon Proxy. These technologies not only simplify the process of transitioning from EVM to SVM but also enable Ethereum developers to seamlessly migrate to Solana by providing standard Web3 APIs. Additionally, the Neon Stack has been running on the Solana mainnet since July 2023, confirming its stability and efficiency.

This collaboration makes Eclipse the first platform in the market to leverage the advantages of both the Ethereum and Solana ecosystems simultaneously. Neel Somani, the founder and CEO of Eclipse Labs, stated, “Through our partnership with Neon Stack, we provide a platform for Solidity developers looking to build on high-performance Layer 2 solutions to realize their vision.” This integration not only strengthens the technical collaboration between the two platforms but also provides developers with a powerful tool to expand their applications without sacrificing performance.

Davide Menegaldo, Chief Business Officer of the Neon Foundation, added, “This collaboration is not just about technical integration but also about the convergence of two powerful ecosystems, providing a seamless experience for developers and users.” This technological collaboration and development signal a move towards broader applicability and acceptance of blockchain technology, offering a possible blueprint for the development of other platforms and applications within the industry.

Over the next few months, this collaborative relationship is expected to be fully realized through multiple rounds of testing and optimization. This will not only enhance interoperability for developers and users but also drive the widespread adoption of Web3 technology. Through this unprecedented technological collaboration, Neon and Eclipse are committed to building a more open, interoperable, and efficient blockchain ecosystem.

Leading the future: Innovative protocols and strategic partnerships drive a new blockchain landscape As a witness to the continuous evolution of blockchain technology, Neon has once again demonstrated its leadership in advancing the forefront of technology and expanding the ecosystem through the launch of the Lumen Money protocol and its strategic partnership with Eclipse. These initiatives not only bring technological innovation and market advantages to Neon but also open up new possibilities and opportunities for users and developer communities, potentially reshaping the way decentralized finance and application development are conducted.

However, Neon’s ambitions extend far beyond this. With the continuous maturation and expansion of the Neon EVM ecosystem, the company plans to continue driving innovation in its technology and services, aiming to become a leading platform in the blockchain space. By becoming a key player in the DeFi space with Lumen Money and accelerating blockchain interoperability through collaboration with Eclipse, Neon is steadily establishing its important position in the Web3 world.

Furthermore, as more developers and users experience the convenience and efficiency provided by Neon, the Neon EVM and its partner Eclipse will continue to be drivers of innovation, not only pushing forward blockchain technology but also building the Web3 revolution. This is just the beginning, and looking ahead, Neon is poised to lead more groundbreaking technological advancements, driving the entire blockchain industry towards broader applications and mainstream adoption.

@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d

Bitcoin transactions explained

A transaction is a piece of data that takes inputs and produces outputs. Forget about the blockchain thing, Bitcoin is actually just a big tree of transactions. The blockchain is just a way to keep transactions ordered.

Imagine you have 10 satoshis. That means you have them in an unspent transaction output (UTXO). You want to spend them, so you create a transaction. The transaction should reference unspent outputs as its inputs. Every transaction has an immutable id, so you use that id plus the index of the output (because transactions can have multiple outputs). Then you specify a script that unlocks that transaction and related signatures, then you specify outputs along with a script that locks these outputs.

As you can see, there's this lock/unlocking thing and there are inputs and outputs. Inputs must be unlocked by fulfilling the conditions specified by the person who created the transaction they're in. And outputs must be locked so anyone wanting to spend those outputs will need to unlock them.

For most of the cases locking and unlocking means specifying a public key whose controller (the person who has the corresponding private key) will be able to spend. Other fancy things are possible too, but we can ignore them for now.

Back to the 10 satoshis you want to spend. Since you've successfully referenced 10 satoshis and unlocked them, now you can specify the outputs (this is all done in a single step). You can specify one output of 10 satoshis, two of 5, one of 3 and one of 7, three of 3 and so on. The sum of outputs can't be more than 10. And if the sum of outputs is less than 10 the difference goes to fees. In the first days of Bitcoin you didn't need any fees, but now you do, otherwise your transaction won't be included in any block.

If you're still interested in transactions maybe you could take a look at this small chapter of that Andreas Antonopoulos book.

If you hate Andreas Antonopoulos because he is a communist shitcoiner or don't want to read more than half a page, go here: https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Coin_analogy

@ a012dc82:6458a70d

Table Of Content

• Content

• Conclusion

• FAQ

• You May Also Like

• External Links

The stock-to-flow (SF or S2F) model, in its most basic form, is a technique for estimating the availability of a given asset. A resource's stock-to-flow ratio is calculated by dividing its stockpile by its yearly output.

It is common practice to use the stock-to-flow model when discussing renewables and other non-renewables. Take gold as an example. Although estimates may vary, the World Gold Council puts the total amount of gold ever extracted at roughly 190,000 tons. The stock can be thought of as the total amount of available inventory.In the meantime, between 2.5 and 3.2 metric tons of gold are extracted each year.What we may call the flow is this sum.

Using these two indicators, we can get the stock-to-flow ratio. Sure, but what does it imply in practice? This metric is useful for illustrating the annual rate of addition to the available supply of a certain resource. When the stock-to-flow ratio is high, fresh supply enters the market at a slower rate than the overall supply. Stocks with a high stock-to-flow ratio should, in principle, be more stable investments.

On the other hand, a high stock-to-flow ratio is not usual for commodities and consumables. To what end is that? Inventories (the stock) are generally simply there to meet demand since their worth derives from being destroyed or consumed. These assets do not perform well as investments because they are not valuable as possessions.A rapid increase in price may occur in rare circumstances where a future scarcity is anticipated, but often supply is sufficient to meet demand.

A resource's value does not automatically increase because of its scarcity. For instance, there are now 190,00 metric tons of accessible gold, so the metal is not scarce. Considering the limited and stable yearly output in relation to the current stock, the stock-to-flow ratio shows that it is valued.

What is the stock-to-flow ratio of gold?

Gold's stock-to-flow ratio has historically been the highest among precious metals. I'm curious, however, about the precise sum. By dividing the entire supply of 190,000 tons by the required processing capacity of 3,200, we get a stock-to-flow ratio of 59. It would take around 59 years to mine 190,000 tons of gold at the present pace of production.

It's important to remember, however, that forecasts of annual gold production are just that: forecasts. If annual output (the flow) increases to $3,500, the stock-to-flow ratio falls to.54.

So long as we're adding things up, let's figure out how much all the gold ever mined is worth. The value of this situation is analogous to the value of cryptocurrencies on the market. Using an average price of $1500 per troy ounce, the total worth of all gold is close to $9 trillion. A single football stadium could hold all of this if it were compressed into a cube.

While the overall value of the Bitcoin network peaked at about $300 billion in late 2017, it is now worth roughly $120 billion.

Bitcoin and Stocks to Flow

If you are familiar with Bitcoin's inner workings, you will see why it could make sense to apply the stock-to-flow concept to Bitcoin. In the model, bitcoins are compared to other rare assets like gold and silver.

"Store of value resources" is a common term for gold and silver. Since they are scarce and change hands rarely, their value should be stable over the long run. In addition, it is difficult to greatly boost their supply in a short period of time.

Bitcoin is a comparable resource, according to proponents of the stock-to-flow methodology. There can only ever be 21,000,000 of these made, and they're expensive to make. The protocol-level definition of Bitcoin's supply issuance also ensures a constant and predictable flow. Another phenomenon you may have heard of is the Bitcoin halving, which occurs every 210,000 blocks and reduces the quantity of new bitcoins being added to the system by half (roughly four years).

The model's backers argue that the combination of these traits creates a rare digital resource with deeply attractive attributes that will ensure the asset's value is maintained throughout time. Assume further that stock-to-flow has a statistically significant correlation with market value. The model predicts that when Bitcoin's stock-to-flow ratio decreases, its price will rise dramatically.

PlanB's essay Modeling Bitcoin's value with scarcity is often cited as the inspiration for applying the stock-to-flow model to bitcoin.

What is the stock-to-flow ratio of bitcoin?

There are currently over 18 million bitcoins in circulation, with an annual supply of approximately 0.7 million added.As of this writing, Bitcoin's stock-to-flow ratio is about 25. The ratio will rise to the low 50s after the next halving in May 2020.

See how the yearly moving average of Bitcoin's stock-to-flow ratio has correlated with its price over time in the chart below. The BTC price line is color-coded to show when each halving occurred.

The limitations of the Stock-to-Flow model

Stock-to-flow is a novel approach to assessing scarcity, but it overlooks certain key factors. All models are only as good as the data they use. To begin with, Stock to Flow makes the presumption that scarcity, as quantified by the model, should drive value. Stock-to-flow naysayers argue that the cryptocurrency is useless if it just has one redeeming feature—its limited quantity.

Gold's limited supply, steady supply, and widespread availability make it a more reliable store of value than paper currencies, which are vulnerable to inflation and devaluation.

This model suggests that Bitcoin's volatility should likewise diminish over time. Coinmetrics's database of past prices proves this to be true.

Consideration of an asset's volatility is necessary for determining its value. It's possible that the valuation model will be more accurate if volatility is foreseeable to some degree. Bitcoin, though, is infamous for its extreme price swings.

Bitcoin's value has always been determined by the open market, even if market volatility is decreasing. This indicates that consumers, dealers, and speculators mostly self-regulate the price on the open market. When combined with its limited liquidity, this makes Bitcoin more volatile than other investments. Consequently, this is something the model may not be able to take into consideration either.

This model is vulnerable to a number of outside influences, including economic "Black Swan" catastrophes. In any case, it's important to remember that this is true of pretty much every model that attempts to forecast the price of an asset using past data. One of the defining characteristics of a black swan occurrence is its unexpectedness. Unknown occurrences cannot be accounted for by using past data.

Conclusion

Stock-to-flow analysis considers how much of a resource is presently on hand in proportion to how quickly it can be put to use. It's usually used in reference to commodities like gold or silver, but there's considerable speculation that Bitcoin fits the bill as well. Bitcoin might be seen as a limited supply of cyber currency in this context. This line of thinking suggests that Bitcoin's unique selling points should make it a durable asset. However, the model's reliability depends on the accuracy of its assumptions, and it may not take all factors into account when determining Bitcoin's worth. Coincidentally, Bitcoin has only been around for a little over 10 years as of this writing. Arguments might be made that a bigger data collection is required for long-term valuation methods like stock-to-flow to provide useful results.

FAQs

What is the bitcoin stock flow? The ratio of fresh supply to total supply may be calculated using a stock-to-flow model. Investors use Bitcoin's stock-to-flow ratio to forecast the currency's value.Bitcoin is unique in that the rate at which it is being created is independent of its value.

Why is the stock-to-flow Bitcoin valuation model wrong? The second issue is that the outcomes of today's value are dependent on yesterday's value since the model is autocorrelated. After making that correction, the R-squared (R2) statistic becomes null. Stock-to-flow makes no sense and cannot be utilized as a pricing model, according to the scientific method.

Is there a correlation between Bitcoin and the stock market? When bitcoin volatility is taken into consideration, there is a weak correlation between cryptocurrency and stock prices. The value of cryptocurrencies is affected by many of the same forces that move stock markets. To the average investor or trader, cryptocurrency is like another stock, and as a result, its price movements closely mirror those of the stock market.

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DISCLAIMER: None of this is financial advice. This newsletter is strictly educational and is not investment advice or a solicitation to buy or sell any assets or to make any financial decisions. Please be careful and do your own research.

@ 99fad67a:6f7fdea1

With the rapid development of blockchain technology, major platforms are accelerating the construction and expansion of their ecosystems. In early May, Neon significantly boosted its ecosystem capabilities and development through two key initiatives: launching the Lumen Money protocol and forming a strategic partnership with Eclipse. These moves not only strengthened Neon’s market position but also brought new opportunities and functionalities to its user and developer communities.

Firstly, the launch of Lumen Money provides Neon users with a new decentralized lending platform, allowing them to borrow and lend cryptocurrencies in a trustless manner. The protocol automates the lending process through smart contracts, with interest rates determined by dynamic algorithms based on the supply and demand of various supported cryptocurrencies. Additionally, since Lumen Money is deployed on Neon EVM, it can directly access the native liquidity of the Solana ecosystem and leverage its network advantages, significantly enhancing transaction efficiency and user experience.

Secondly, the collaboration between Neon and Eclipse marks a significant breakthrough in blockchain network interoperability. This partnership successfully overcomes the compatibility barrier between EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) and SVM (Solana Virtual Machine) by integrating the mature technology suite, Neon Stack, developed by the core team at Neon EVM. This move not only enhances compatibility between EVM and SVM but also creates more possibilities for developers and users, driving the development and deployment of innovative applications.

Through these strategic initiatives, Neon not only strengthens its technical foundation but also provides its user and developer community with broader operational scope and more efficient tools. This demonstrates its firm commitment to advancing the forefront of blockchain technology and promoting ecosystem diversity. Below, we will briefly analyze the potential impact of launching the Lumen Money protocol and collaborating with Eclipse on Neon’s development.

Launching Lumen Money: A Revolutionary Lending Protocol Lumen Money is a brand-new decentralized finance (DeFi) platform that offers users a trustless lending environment. The core of this platform lies in its smart contracts, which automatically handle all lending activities and adjust interest rates in real-time based on market supply and demand dynamics.

Deployed on Neon EVM, Lumen Money can seamlessly integrate into the Solana ecosystem, providing platform users with native liquidity advantages while fully leveraging Solana’s network features. Utilizing the Compound Finance codebase, Lumen Money establishes a comprehensive money market, allowing Solana users to borrow and lend funds directly from its rich asset pool.

The platform employs an over-collateralized lending model, meaning borrowers need to provide assets worth more than the loan amount as collateral. This approach enhances the security of the lending process. Borrowers can deposit their crypto assets into Lumen’s lending pools and earn interest on these assets. The interest rates are determined by a utilization-based rate curve model, initially pioneered by Compound Finance.

To improve user experience and security, Lumen Money offers a diverse range of money market options, including popular assets like ETH, SOL, USDT, and USDC. Additionally, Lumen Money plans to gradually add more asset classes, including long-tail assets that can be utilized in isolated lending pools. The platform integrates top-tier oracle services like Pyth and Chainlink and implements time locks and multi-signature mechanisms for core contracts to ensure secure and reliable transactions.

Moreover, Lumen Money has introduced the Lumen Loyalty Points system to encourage user lending activities and platform engagement. These points reflect users’ contributions to the Lumen ecosystem, with a portion allocated for community airdrops and another portion used for community incentives and revenue-sharing models.

As the Neon EVM ecosystem continues to grow, Lumen Money’s participation undeniably brings broader application scenarios and deeper market engagement to the Neon platform. This not only enhances Neon’s market competitiveness but also offers its users a more diverse range of financial tools and services, showcasing Neon’s proactive stance and capability in driving blockchain financial innovation.

Neon and Eclipse Collaborate to Overcome EVM and SVM Compatibility Barriers In the rapidly evolving blockchain technology landscape, the collaboration between Neon and Eclipse marks a significant breakthrough in compatibility between two major ecosystems. Through this strategic alliance, Eclipse becomes the first platform to integrate the Neon Stack, achieving seamless compatibility between the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) and the Solana Virtual Machine (SVM). This accomplishment not only enhances the technical interoperability of the two platforms but also opens up new possibilities for developers and users, significantly advancing Web3’s penetration into the mainstream market.

Eclipse leverages its unique L2 modular design, combining Solana’s high-performance processing capabilities with Ethereum’s settlement features, to create a high-performance platform capable of handling large-scale transactions. The introduction of the Neon Stack provides crucial technical support to this structure, enabling SVM-based Eclipse to support native Ethereum dApps. This technological fusion resolves the long-standing incompatibility issue between EVM and SVM, allowing developers to deploy existing Ethereum applications on Solana without the need for extensive rewrites, while benefiting from lower transaction fees and faster processing speeds.

The Neon Stack itself is a comprehensive technological solution, including key components such as the Neon EVM smart contracts and Neon Proxy. These technologies not only simplify the process of transitioning from EVM to SVM but also enable Ethereum developers to seamlessly migrate to Solana by providing standard Web3 APIs. Additionally, the Neon Stack has been running on the Solana mainnet since July 2023, confirming its stability and efficiency.

This collaboration makes Eclipse the first platform in the market to leverage the advantages of both the Ethereum and Solana ecosystems simultaneously. Neel Somani, the founder and CEO of Eclipse Labs, stated, “Through our partnership with Neon Stack, we provide a platform for Solidity developers looking to build on high-performance Layer 2 solutions to realize their vision.” This integration not only strengthens the technical collaboration between the two platforms but also provides developers with a powerful tool to expand their applications without sacrificing performance.

Davide Menegaldo, Chief Business Officer of the Neon Foundation, added, “This collaboration is not just about technical integration but also about the convergence of two powerful ecosystems, providing a seamless experience for developers and users.” This technological collaboration and development signal a move towards broader applicability and acceptance of blockchain technology, offering a possible blueprint for the development of other platforms and applications within the industry.

Over the next few months, this collaborative relationship is expected to be fully realized through multiple rounds of testing and optimization. This will not only enhance interoperability for developers and users but also drive the widespread adoption of Web3 technology. Through this unprecedented technological collaboration, Neon and Eclipse are committed to building a more open, interoperable, and efficient blockchain ecosystem.

Leading the future: Innovative protocols and strategic partnerships drive a new blockchain landscape As a witness to the continuous evolution of blockchain technology, Neon has once again demonstrated its leadership in advancing the forefront of technology and expanding the ecosystem through the launch of the Lumen Money protocol and its strategic partnership with Eclipse. These initiatives not only bring technological innovation and market advantages to Neon but also open up new possibilities and opportunities for users and developer communities, potentially reshaping the way decentralized finance and application development are conducted.

However, Neon’s ambitions extend far beyond this. With the continuous maturation and expansion of the Neon EVM ecosystem, the company plans to continue driving innovation in its technology and services, aiming to become a leading platform in the blockchain space. By becoming a key player in the DeFi space with Lumen Money and accelerating blockchain interoperability through collaboration with Eclipse, Neon is steadily establishing its important position in the Web3 world.

Furthermore, as more developers and users experience the convenience and efficiency provided by Neon, the Neon EVM and its partner Eclipse will continue to be drivers of innovation, not only pushing forward blockchain technology but also building the Web3 revolution. This is just the beginning, and looking ahead, Neon is poised to lead more groundbreaking technological advancements, driving the entire blockchain industry towards broader applications and mainstream adoption.

@ b804f68e:2fb0fa1f

One of the first duties of a doctor is to teach the masses not to take any medicine. - William Osler

All things are poison and not anything else but poison, the dose alone makes that thing not poison. - Paracelsus

Don't think the first quote needs much more explanation than that. Unfortunately, modern 'doctors' and healthcare systems at large have been heavily corrupted by the idea and incentive that patients = profits. This is why it is important for us to learn about and take accountability of our own health, and consistently work on improving it because if not the system will continue to take complete advantage of our lack of knowledge all the way down to our last breath and penny.

"Paracelsus, a Swiss physician and alchemist of the Renaissance, is often referred to as the father of toxicology. His statement highlights the idea that any substance can be harmful if taken in large enough quantities, and conversely, even toxic substances can be harmless or beneficial in small doses. This principle is known as the dose-response relationship." - ChatGPT

Paracelsus specifically addresses the dose-dependent nature of both the harms and benefits of substances, however this principle aligns well with the concept of hormesis too. In contemporary society, where life has become significantly safer, more stable, and comfortable, we can observe that this lack of stress and absence of physical and mental challenges have contributed to a rise in mental health issues and autoimmune diseases. This illustrates that too much comfort can become the "poison" Paracelsus warned about.

Conversely, many are now recognizing the immense benefits of deliberately engaging in "poisonous" activities—where short-term exposure to stressors, such as high-intensity exercise, deliberate hyperthermia (e.g., sauna use), or hypothermia (e.g., cold showers), can yield significant health benefits. These controlled exposures to stress can trigger adaptive responses in the body, enhancing resilience and overall well-being. Thus, embracing hormetic stress can be seen as a modern application of Paracelsus's insight into the importance of dose and balance.

@ 000002de:c05780a7

Our old WEF buddy is at it again on this bitcoin is a system of distrust thing. He talked about this before but goes into more detail about his thinking here.

You can watch the video here without visiting Twitter

When I say that Bitcoin is a currency of distrust, I'm just repeating what Bitcoin fans themselves say. There may be good reasons not to trust the banks and governments that create dollars, yens, and other currencies – but that doesn’t change the fact that the preference for Bitcoin is based on distrust of human institutions. Why is this an alarming development? Because the whole purpose of money is to create trust between strangers. Financial devices like currencies, bonds and shares – 90% of which are just data in computers – build trust between millions of strangers, who can then pool their knowledge and resources together, and cooperate. Humans control the world because we learned to do this. If we now lose trust in human institutions, this will limit the amount of money and handicap economic activity and cooperation. I hope that humanity finds a way to build trustworthy human institutions, instead of adopting technologies of distrust..

@ 97c70a44:ad98e322

#lastword

A few weeks ago, Mike proposed the addition of a feature to nostr. The content of the proposal itself isn't important, but the resulting conversation illustrated something important about nostr development that I wanted to draw attention to.

If you're interested, you can find the issue here. The idea was basically a tag that disabled comments to a reply, for when you wanted to gracefully exit a conversation that had outlived its usefulness.

While I definitely sympathize with the experience of getting stuck in an unproductive argument and being unable to leave because you have to have the last word, I do think it's better to take responsibility for leaving the conversation, rather than make other people do it for you. You can either outlast your opponent, let them have the last word, or tell them "I don't want to talk about this any more, I'm not going to reply".

This is just my opinion, and it's really not important whether I'm right or not. What was interesting was how Vitor responded:

I am not sure if the NIP review process should consider "what's good for the user" in the discussion. That kind of nanny state thinking is what went wrong with regular social media in the first place.

Permaculture and Ethics

What it sounds like (although I have a hard time believing this is actually his position), is that Vitor is dismissing the relevance of an ethical framework in designing a protocol, preferring to stick to the mechanics of what is being suggested. As Vitor says, "Clients can do whatever they want, of course." This is true, but ignores the question of why a client developer might want to do any particular thing.

In a recent Thank God for Nostr episode, I interviewed Scott Mann of the Permaculture Podcast. When I asked him his opinion on how to manage decentralized protocol design and build effective consensus, here's what he had to say:

[You] don't need to frame it as a software development project, or even a protocol. I would look at it as a distributed community-based and community-supported project, whatever that is. Because permaculture is such a large umbrella, I like to go up to that 50,000 foot view and pull away from what the details are. Because the details are what we're going to build our solutions from.

And that's one of the things I didn't mention earlier — there's kind of a hierarchy within permaculture that goes, at the top are the ethics of permaculture: earth care, people care, fair share. Beneath that are the principles, then usually we have strategies and techniques.

But there's a dividing line between ethics and principles and the strategies and techniques, that we start at that top, and use the ethics to decide whether or not we're even going to launch a project.

He goes on to say:

I'm going to use the principles and see how can I apply those principles to my research and original design. To make sure that whatever I'm creating creates some kind of a surplus, to have a refinement process in place before I even launch, like what is that going to look like, even if I have to change it later, just having some of these building blocks in place.

And then once I've done that and have gone deep into my research into what this might look like, how I might launch it, that's where I would start going into strategies and going ok, how do I want to market this? How do I want to get this out to the people who are going to use it, how do I want to maintain this, how do I want to do distributed decision making, and then as I start to think about distributed decision making, looking at what is the form that I want to use for that?

Scott's thesis is that ethics and principles should be in the front of your mind both as you're considering a project, and as you continue to build it out. This not only makes sense as something to do if you want to succeed, it's categorically true. Action can't happen without agency, and it is your agency that informs what you choose to do, and how you plan to go about it.

The word "ethics" comes from the Greek ēthos, meaning "moral character". In other words, your ethic is who you are. Your values, hopes, preferences, faults all factor in to your actions.

This is not always clear, because in fiat-world, many people suspend their values in order to "get something done". If you want to protect your savings, you invest it in index funds, propping up the stock price of companies that hate you. If you want to make money, you go work at a job where you're berated quarterly for being racist. People think that they can exercise their own values in their private life, while actively undermining those values with the majority of their time and purchasing power.

But this is not how people with integrity act. And I think if you can say one thing about nostr — both its developers and the community at large — is that they have a very high level of integrity. In other words, their actions are clearly informed by their ēthos.

This is a very good thing. What is the point of building an entirely new internet if we're not going to impose our values upon it? What an absolute waste of effort.

A Nostr Manifesto

This is not to say that any one developer has the right to imposing his own vision on the protocol because of his own personal values and reasons for contributing, which is what I think Vitor was being cautious about. But there are lines I think we can draw as a community that can't really be crossed without excluding yourself from what I might call the "nostr group ethic".

So what are those boundaries? What is a nostrich? Here are some values I've observed to be generally shared among nostr developers and users. Not everyone would full agree with these (including myself), but I think they're a fair characterization of the community.

1. Free speech absolutism. No central entity should be able to globally censor any content. This comes with the trade-off of objectively evil content continuing to exist. This trade-off is acceptable, both because of the value of free speech, but also because evil will continue to exist regardless of attempts to suppress it.
2. Empower individuals over institutions. No centralized entity can be trusted to safeguard the interests of the individual. Institutional incentives are asymmetric and easily corrupted. Better to have many subjective views of the world, than a single, centrally managed view of the world.
3. Advertising-based business models should be viewed with great skepticism and caution. Advertising is a system of incentives that is central to the institutional corruption we see around us. Broadly, this includes paid ads, monetization of engagement, public/private partnerships, and "crypto".

There are others that are shared by many within nostr, although not as widely agreed upon. Two I can think of are:

• Economic activity should be voluntary. Software and content should be free, and creators should be amply rewarded via zaps or other value-for-value models.
• Social media should support real life community and relationships, not detract from them. We should all take time to touch grass.

I'm personally skeptical of the first of these, and strongly in support of the second. Much of my energy as a nostr developer has gone into attempting to subvert and reform traditional patterns of social media to not only support, but also resemble relationships that exist in the analog world God made, and placed us in.

This particular principle is the one at play in the conversation I linked to at the top of this post. My comments weren't an accusation that anyone was acting "unethically" in a universal sense, only that the proposed feature was incompatible with my vision for what nostr should be.

But of course, my vision is not shared by everyone, and the principle of "support real life" is clearly subservient to core ethic #2, which admits the value of a diverse set of opinions about the world. I have no right (or ability) to invalidate anyone else's core principles. But by the same token I'm free to express my own, and attempt to convince other people to share them. This is the basic value proposition of freedom of speech itself.

Ethical Cohesion

I would go further, and say that not only is it permissible to talk about ethical reasons for building one thing or another on nostr, it's essential. By having these conversations we fuse our individual ethics into a shared ethic. By calibrating our moral compasses to point in (roughly) the same direction, we also decrease the friction involved in getting something done.

I think this was a significant part of the idea behind Sovereign Engineering — get a bunch of people in a room together sharing meals and going on hikes, and the work will accelerate! This is also the way a church works. By meeting weekly together we strengthen our shared identity and build one another up through our activity. In fact, this is the basic definition of a community as Scott Mann puts it. In his words, a community can provide:

a series of connections, and a knowledge base, and a skillset that we can't fulfill as an individual, while having a social relationship with people in such a way that we can call on them for help.

So maybe, as I've said before, the real protocol is the friends we made along the way. Disagreement and discussion is a healthy thing for a community to have, and we should never stop asking "why?"

@ 99fad67a:6f7fdea1

Over the past year, Chingari has emerged as a dark horse in the SocialFi field, showcasing a remarkable growth trajectory. According to the data presented, since May 2023, Chingari has experienced significant fluctuations and growth in its independent active user count (UAW), transaction volume, and number of transactions. Particularly at the beginning of 2024, Chingari witnessed several substantial increases in user activity and transaction volume, demonstrating its strong performance in the market.

According to Coin98 Analytics, in the past 30 days, Chingari ranks seventh in the number of independent active addresses, with a total of 777K, indicating its gradually solidifying position in the SocialFi app landscape. This achievement not only reflects Chingari’s breakthroughs in technology and product development, but also highlights its precise understanding of user demands and market trends.

Whether in the Web2 or Web3 world, social applications have become a necessity for users, and Chingari has gradually attracted a large number of users’ attention and participation with its unique operating model and innovative features. Next, we will delve into an analysis of Chingari’s operational strategies and the challenges it faces in the SocialFi field.

Chingari Platform Overview: Indian Innovative Short Video Social App with Impressive Incentive Mechanisms and User Growth Chingari is a popular short video social application that has quickly gained prominence in the Indian market since its launch in 2020. Similar to China’s TikTok, Chingari allows users to earn rewards by creating and sharing short video content. With its innovative features and reward mechanisms, Chingari has attracted a large number of users, forming a massive community with over 175 million current users.

Expanding User Base

Chingari’s vision is to become the best short video sharing platform for users, dedicated to providing opportunities for talented individuals to showcase themselves. Users can capture and share perfect videos to showcase themselves to the world. Currently, Chingari boasts over 50 million users and 160 million views, with downloads exceeding 130 million times. The platform offers multiple language versions to enable more people to use this popular new platform and emphasizes protecting user data and security to ensure users can use it with peace of mind.

Innovative Reward Mechanisms

Chingari not only provides a platform to showcase talent but also incentivizes user participation in content creation through various means. Users can earn GARI tokens by watching, sharing, and creating video content. These tokens can be used to unlock special content from creators or purchase voice or video call experiences with creators. By staking idle assets in the wallet, users can also earn additional rewards. This “create and earn” and “participate and earn” mechanism greatly stimulates user enthusiasm and promotes platform activity.

Financing and Development

In just a few years, Chingari has achieved significant milestones. In 2021, Chingari raised $19 million in funding and was ranked as India’s number one social networking app in the Indian government’s “App Innovation Challenge.” In May 2022, Chingari completed a $15 million Series A expansion round of financing, providing a solid foundation for further development. In the future, Chingari plans to launch integrated beta testing and live testing of blockchain, further enriching user experience and driving the platform’s continued development.

Through these efforts, Chingari is continuously reshaping the social media landscape, providing users with better experiences and more opportunities. Chingari’s success is not only a breakthrough in technology and products but also a precise understanding of user needs and market trends. Next, we will delve into the operational strategies of Chingari and the challenges it faces in the SocialFi field.

In-depth Analysis of Chingari’s Integration with Kana Labs Paymaster: A Crucial Layout for Decentralized Social Media Innovation and Integration: Chingari’s Latest Move

On February 23, 2024, Chingari, a leading short video sharing platform in the Web3 space, announced its integration with Kana Labs Paymaster service, offering sponsored transactions covering gas fees. This move aims to further optimize user experience, lower the barrier of entry for users, and foster widespread adoption of the platform. Since its establishment in 2018, Chingari has been dedicated to empowering creators through NFT technology, providing content ownership management, and now boasts nearly 5 million daily active users with a daily video viewing count of up to 200 million.

The Significance of Paymaster Technology

Paymaster is a blockchain infrastructure that allows companies or third-party entities to store tokens for sponsoring transactions. This means that any dApp integrated with Paymaster technology can provide its users with a seamless transaction experience without the complexity of gas fees. Paymaster accounts hold various tokens used to pay for transaction fees, enabling these dApps to cover the gas fees for transactions, thus simplifying the user’s operational process.

Kana Labs’ Paymaster service is widely recognized for its efficiency and reliability and is recommended by Aptos Labs as the preferred choice for dApp integration. Chingari chose to partner with Kana Labs not only for its advantages in the multi-chain ecosystem but also for Kana Labs’ excellent performance in cross-chain solutions and smart wallet capabilities. By integrating Kana Labs Paymaster service, Chingari can effectively reduce users’ transaction costs, enhance platform scalability, and improve user satisfaction.

The Future of Decentralized Ecosystems

Chingari, initially built on the Solana network, has now migrated to the Aptos network to leverage its higher scalability and lower gas fees. This multi-chain strategy ensures Chingari’s leading position in both technological innovation and user experience. Since mid-February 2024, Chingari has sponsored over 800,000 transactions through the Kana Labs Paymaster service. This integration not only enhances the platform’s decentralized transaction management capabilities but also enables users to enjoy a more convenient Web3 experience.

In the future, as Kana Labs continues to expand its services in the multi-chain ecosystem, Chingari will be able to achieve greater market penetration and technical integration on a global scale. Through this collaboration, Chingari not only enhances its own competitiveness but also sets new benchmarks for the development of decentralized social media. This move by Chingari heralds more innovation and transformation for decentralized social platforms in the future.

Chingari’s Multi-Pronged Approach Leads to Comprehensive Improvement in User Engagement and Platform Functionality Web3 social media enthusiasts are well aware that Chingari, as a leading short video sharing platform, has gained significant influence both within and outside the Web3 community. Specifically, Chingari has made remarkable progress in several areas, making waves in the market:

Firstly, in terms of user incentives, Chingari has significantly increased user engagement through a series of reward mechanisms. For example, on May 10, 2024, Chingari announced the “Refer and Earn Leaderboard Contest” on the X platform, with a prize pool of up to $100,000 in GARI tokens. This initiative encourages users to refer new users and stay active on the platform, with referrers earning 100 $GARI for each successful referral and referees earning 50 $GARI. This initiative not only promotes user growth but also enhances community interaction.

In terms of platform operations, Chingari has adopted a strategy of regularly burning GARI tokens to control token supply and increase their scarcity. On May 13, 2024, Chingari announced the successful burning of 500,000 GARI tokens, worth approximately $11,000, reducing the total supply by 1.61%. This burning mechanism effectively enhances token value and boosts user confidence in the platform’s long-term development.

Additionally, Chingari has introduced several advanced trading tools, enhancing the user trading experience. On May 30, 2024, the platform launched DEX aggregation functionality, providing better trading options through Raydium and Meteor. Meanwhile, users can utilize limit orders and Dollar-Cost Averaging (DCA) automated investment strategies to better control their trading and investment plans. By staking GARI tokens, users not only gain voting rights but also participate in platform governance, voting on proposals, thereby enhancing their involvement in platform decisions.

To further enhance user experience and platform functionality, Chingari plans to launch perpetual contract trading using Drift.trade and Raydium liquidity on July 5, 2024. Additionally, users can borrow other cryptocurrencies using GARI or SOL tokens as collateral until July 30, 2024, unlocking more liquidity and improving asset utilization efficiency.

Overall, through these strategies and feature innovations, Chingari has not only successfully expanded its user base and platform functionality diversity but also demonstrated its forward-looking layout and innovative spirit in the Web3 social media field. However, despite these measures showing strong growth potential, future market changes and user demands remain uncertain. Whether Chingari can maintain its leading position in the fierce competition in the future remains to be seen.

@ 266815e0:6cd408a5

Lot of people are starting to talk about building a web-of-trust and how nostr can or is already being used as such

We all know about using the kind:3 following lists as a simple WoT that can be used to filter out spam. but as we all know it does not really signal "trust", its mostly just "I find your content interesting"

But what about real "trust"... well its kind of multi-denominational, I could trust that your a good developer or a good journalist but still not trust you enough to invite you over to my house. There are some interesting and clever solutions proposed for quantifying "trust" in a digital sense but I'm not going to get into that here. I want to talk about something that I have not see anyone discuss yet.

How is the web-of-trust maintained? or more precisely how do you expect users to update the digital representation of the "trust" of other users?

Its all well and good to think of how a user would create that "trust" of another user when discovering them for the first time. They would click the "follow" button, or maybe even rate them on a few topics with a 1/5 star system But how will a user remove that trust? how will they update it if things change and they trust them less?

If our goal is to model "trust" in a digital sense then we NEED a way for the data to stay up-to-date and as accurate as possible. otherwise whats the use? If we don't have a friction-less way to update or remove the digital representation of "trust" then we will end up with a WoT that continuously grows and everyone is rated 10/10

In the case of nostr kind:3 following lists. its pretty easy to see how these would get updated. If someone posts something I dislike or I notice I'm getting board of their content. then I just unfollow them. An important part here is that I'm not thinking "I should update my trust score of this user" but instead "I'm no longer interested, I don't want to see this anymore"

But that is probably the easiest "trust" to update. because most of us on social media spend some time curating our feed and we are used to doing it. But what about the more obscure "trust" scores? whats the regular mechanism by which a user would update the "honestly" score of another user?

In the real world its easy, when I stop trusting someone I simply stop associating with them. there isn't any button or switch I need to update. I simply don't talk to them anymore, its friction-less But in the digital realm I would have to remove or update that trust. in other words its an action I need to take instead of an action I'm not doing. and actions take energy.

So how do we reflect something in the digital world that takes no-energy and is almost subconscious in the real world?

TLDR; webs-of-trust are not just about scoring other users once. you must keep the score up-to-date

@ 7e1d20be:0b4a42c2

Chef's notes

You can make it much better yourself than any restaurant would care to do for you

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 30
• 🍳 Cook time: 20
• 🍽️ Servings: 4

Ingredients

• 1 large chicken breast
• 5 tomatoes or puree
• 3 onions
• garlic
• cashews
• some dry green herb like dill or sage or parsley or whatever or the original kasoori methi
• curd
• butter
• cream
• the standard 5 masalas/spices/powders from india
• a bunch of small wrapped cloth bags of what is called solid spices / khada masala
• redchilly powder, chillies and salt as per taste

Directions

1. look at this video https://youtu.be/zF7dKdIMKvc?si=XRkXB9q3KoRoF_i6
2. make the sauce
3. put in the chicken
4. drizzle with butter and cream
5. bake bread
6. enjoy a better pizza with the same ingredients as a pizza

@ e052fee1:bceaacc8

Over the past year, Chingari has emerged as a dark horse in the SocialFi field, showcasing a remarkable growth trajectory. According to the data presented, since May 2023, Chingari has experienced significant fluctuations and growth in its independent active user count (UAW), transaction volume, and number of transactions. Particularly at the beginning of 2024, Chingari witnessed several substantial increases in user activity and transaction volume, demonstrating its strong performance in the market.

According to Coin98 Analytics, in the past 30 days, Chingari ranks seventh in the number of independent active addresses, with a total of 777K, indicating its gradually solidifying position in the SocialFi app landscape. This achievement not only reflects Chingari’s breakthroughs in technology and product development, but also highlights its precise understanding of user demands and market trends.

Whether in the Web2 or Web3 world, social applications have become a necessity for users, and Chingari has gradually attracted a large number of users’ attention and participation with its unique operating model and innovative features. Next, we will delve into an analysis of Chingari’s operational strategies and the challenges it faces in the SocialFi field.

Chingari Platform Overview: Indian Innovative Short Video Social App with Impressive Incentive Mechanisms and User Growth Chingari is a popular short video social application that has quickly gained prominence in the Indian market since its launch in 2020. Similar to China’s TikTok, Chingari allows users to earn rewards by creating and sharing short video content. With its innovative features and reward mechanisms, Chingari has attracted a large number of users, forming a massive community with over 175 million current users.

Expanding User Base

Chingari’s vision is to become the best short video sharing platform for users, dedicated to providing opportunities for talented individuals to showcase themselves. Users can capture and share perfect videos to showcase themselves to the world. Currently, Chingari boasts over 50 million users and 160 million views, with downloads exceeding 130 million times. The platform offers multiple language versions to enable more people to use this popular new platform and emphasizes protecting user data and security to ensure users can use it with peace of mind.

Innovative Reward Mechanisms

Chingari not only provides a platform to showcase talent but also incentivizes user participation in content creation through various means. Users can earn GARI tokens by watching, sharing, and creating video content. These tokens can be used to unlock special content from creators or purchase voice or video call experiences with creators. By staking idle assets in the wallet, users can also earn additional rewards. This “create and earn” and “participate and earn” mechanism greatly stimulates user enthusiasm and promotes platform activity.

Financing and Development

In just a few years, Chingari has achieved significant milestones. In 2021, Chingari raised $19 million in funding and was ranked as India’s number one social networking app in the Indian government’s “App Innovation Challenge.” In May 2022, Chingari completed a $15 million Series A expansion round of financing, providing a solid foundation for further development. In the future, Chingari plans to launch integrated beta testing and live testing of blockchain, further enriching user experience and driving the platform’s continued development.

Through these efforts, Chingari is continuously reshaping the social media landscape, providing users with better experiences and more opportunities. Chingari’s success is not only a breakthrough in technology and products but also a precise understanding of user needs and market trends. Next, we will delve into the operational strategies of Chingari and the challenges it faces in the SocialFi field.

In-depth Analysis of Chingari’s Integration with Kana Labs Paymaster: A Crucial Layout for Decentralized Social Media Innovation and Integration: Chingari’s Latest Move

On February 23, 2024, Chingari, a leading short video sharing platform in the Web3 space, announced its integration with Kana Labs Paymaster service, offering sponsored transactions covering gas fees. This move aims to further optimize user experience, lower the barrier of entry for users, and foster widespread adoption of the platform. Since its establishment in 2018, Chingari has been dedicated to empowering creators through NFT technology, providing content ownership management, and now boasts nearly 5 million daily active users with a daily video viewing count of up to 200 million.

The Significance of Paymaster Technology

Paymaster is a blockchain infrastructure that allows companies or third-party entities to store tokens for sponsoring transactions. This means that any dApp integrated with Paymaster technology can provide its users with a seamless transaction experience without the complexity of gas fees. Paymaster accounts hold various tokens used to pay for transaction fees, enabling these dApps to cover the gas fees for transactions, thus simplifying the user’s operational process.

Kana Labs’ Paymaster service is widely recognized for its efficiency and reliability and is recommended by Aptos Labs as the preferred choice for dApp integration. Chingari chose to partner with Kana Labs not only for its advantages in the multi-chain ecosystem but also for Kana Labs’ excellent performance in cross-chain solutions and smart wallet capabilities. By integrating Kana Labs Paymaster service, Chingari can effectively reduce users’ transaction costs, enhance platform scalability, and improve user satisfaction.

The Future of Decentralized Ecosystems

Chingari, initially built on the Solana network, has now migrated to the Aptos network to leverage its higher scalability and lower gas fees. This multi-chain strategy ensures Chingari’s leading position in both technological innovation and user experience. Since mid-February 2024, Chingari has sponsored over 800,000 transactions through the Kana Labs Paymaster service. This integration not only enhances the platform’s decentralized transaction management capabilities but also enables users to enjoy a more convenient Web3 experience.

In the future, as Kana Labs continues to expand its services in the multi-chain ecosystem, Chingari will be able to achieve greater market penetration and technical integration on a global scale. Through this collaboration, Chingari not only enhances its own competitiveness but also sets new benchmarks for the development of decentralized social media. This move by Chingari heralds more innovation and transformation for decentralized social platforms in the future.

Chingari’s Multi-Pronged Approach Leads to Comprehensive Improvement in User Engagement and Platform Functionality Web3 social media enthusiasts are well aware that Chingari, as a leading short video sharing platform, has gained significant influence both within and outside the Web3 community. Specifically, Chingari has made remarkable progress in several areas, making waves in the market:

Firstly, in terms of user incentives, Chingari has significantly increased user engagement through a series of reward mechanisms. For example, on May 10, 2024, Chingari announced the “Refer and Earn Leaderboard Contest” on the X platform, with a prize pool of up to $100,000 in GARI tokens. This initiative encourages users to refer new users and stay active on the platform, with referrers earning 100 $GARI for each successful referral and referees earning 50 $GARI. This initiative not only promotes user growth but also enhances community interaction.

In terms of platform operations, Chingari has adopted a strategy of regularly burning GARI tokens to control token supply and increase their scarcity. On May 13, 2024, Chingari announced the successful burning of 500,000 GARI tokens, worth approximately $11,000, reducing the total supply by 1.61%. This burning mechanism effectively enhances token value and boosts user confidence in the platform’s long-term development.

Additionally, Chingari has introduced several advanced trading tools, enhancing the user trading experience. On May 30, 2024, the platform launched DEX aggregation functionality, providing better trading options through Raydium and Meteor. Meanwhile, users can utilize limit orders and Dollar-Cost Averaging (DCA) automated investment strategies to better control their trading and investment plans. By staking GARI tokens, users not only gain voting rights but also participate in platform governance, voting on proposals, thereby enhancing their involvement in platform decisions.

To further enhance user experience and platform functionality, Chingari plans to launch perpetual contract trading using Drift.trade and Raydium liquidity on July 5, 2024. Additionally, users can borrow other cryptocurrencies using GARI or SOL tokens as collateral until July 30, 2024, unlocking more liquidity and improving asset utilization efficiency.

Overall, through these strategies and feature innovations, Chingari has not only successfully expanded its user base and platform functionality diversity but also demonstrated its forward-looking layout and innovative spirit in the Web3 social media field. However, despite these measures showing strong growth potential, future market changes and user demands remain uncertain. Whether Chingari can maintain its leading position in the fierce competition in the future remains to be seen.

@ 2dd85fbc:39b95d53

What is a crypto broker? All about crypto broker and cryptocurrency and about choosing the best crypto broker amongst all. A crypto broker is a service or platform that acts as an intermediary between buyers and sellers of cryptocurrencies. Crypto brokers facilitate the trading of digital assets like Bitcoin, Ethereum, and other altcoins, making it easier for individuals and institutions to buy, sell, and trade these currencies. Here’s an overview of what a crypto broker does and the services they provide:

What is a Crypto Broker?

A crypto broker provides a user-friendly interface that simplifies the process of trading cryptocurrencies. Unlike cryptocurrency exchanges, which connect buyers and sellers directly in a decentralized manner, crypto brokers often offer fixed prices and handle the transactions on behalf of the user. This can make the trading process faster and more convenient, especially for beginners.

Key Features of a Crypto Broker:

1. Ease of Use:

2. Crypto brokers offer intuitive platforms that are easy to navigate, making it simple for users to execute trades without needing deep technical knowledge of the underlying blockchain technology.

3. Fixed Prices:

4. Brokers often provide fixed prices for cryptocurrencies, which can be advantageous during periods of high market volatility. This means you know exactly what price you will pay or receive for a transaction.

5. Customer Support:

6. Many crypto brokers offer robust customer support services to help users with account issues, transaction queries, and technical problems.

7. Educational Resources:

8. Crypto brokers often provide educational materials, such as tutorials, articles, and webinars, to help users understand the market and improve their trading skills.

9. Additional Services:

10. Some brokers offer additional services like margin trading, portfolio management, and automated trading features.

Benefits of Using a Crypto Broker:

• Convenience: Using a crypto broker simplifies the trading process, making it accessible even for those new to cryptocurrencies.

• Speed: Transactions can be executed quickly since the broker manages the trading process.

• Security: Reputable crypto brokers implement robust security measures to protect user funds and personal information.

• Support: Dedicated customer service can assist with any issues or questions, providing a smoother trading experience.

How to Choose a Crypto Broker:

1. Regulation:

2. Ensure the broker is regulated by reputable financial authorities, which adds a layer of security and trust.

3. Fees:

4. Compare the fees charged by different brokers, including trading fees, withdrawal fees, and any other associated costs.

5. Reputation:

6. Look for brokers with positive reviews and a good track record in the industry.

7. Range of Services:

8. Consider what additional features and services the broker offers, such as educational resources, advanced trading tools, and customer support.

In summary, a [crypto broker]() is a valuable intermediary that simplifies the process of buying, selling, and trading cryptocurrencies, offering a range of services designed to cater to both novice and experienced traders.

@ dbb9c664:c62a102f

Chef's notes

For cleaner fruits, soak them in water, baking soda, and vinegar for 30 minutes and RINSE 🚿

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 2
• 🍳 Cook time: 0
• 🍽️ Servings: 1

Ingredients

• Any kind of fruit
• Lemon squeeze

Directions

1. Add lemon juice and honey to any fruit!
2. Enjoy the pop of flavor!

@ d34e832d:383f78d0

The blockchain ecosystem is built upon multiple layers, each serving a unique purpose to ensure the robustness, scalability, and functionality of decentralized networks. This article aims to break down these layers—Layer 1, Layer 2, and Layer 3—highlighting their roles and notable implementations such as Mainnet, Test Net, SigNet for Layer 1, Bisq, Liquid, and Lightning for Layer 2, and Nostr for Layer 3.

Layer 1 Networks

Layer 1 networks form the foundational layer of the blockchain protocol and are responsible for the core functionalities of the network, including consensus mechanisms, transaction validation, and maintaining the blockchain ledger.

Mainnet

Mainnet is the primary network where real transactions occur, and actual value is transferred. Transactions on Mainnet are irreversible and recorded on the blockchain ledger, providing a permanent audit trail. Examples of Mainnet networks include Bitcoin Mainnet and Ethereum Mainnet.

• Usage: Real-world transactions, dApps, and smart contracts.
• Security: High, with strong incentive mechanisms to ensure the integrity of transactions.
• Consensus: Proof of Work (PoW) for Bitcoin, Proof of Stake (PoS) for Ethereum 2.0.

Test Net

Test Net is an alternative network identical to Mainnet but used for testing purposes. Developers use Test Net to experiment with new features, smart contracts, and dApps without risking real assets.

• Usage: Testing and experimentation.
• Risk: Low, as Test Net transactions do not involve real value.
• Utility: Identifying bugs and issues before deploying on Mainnet.

SigNet

SigNet is a specialized Test Net that focuses on experimenting with signature schemes, particularly Schnorr signatures and Taproot, which aim to enhance privacy and scalability.

• Usage: Testing signature-related features and improvements.
• Focus: Advancements in cryptographic techniques and transaction efficiency.
• Participants: Developers and researchers focused on cryptographic enhancements.

Layer 2 Networks

Layer 2 networks are built on top of Layer 1 to enhance scalability, speed, and efficiency. These networks address the limitations of Layer 1 by handling transactions off the main blockchain while still leveraging its security features.

Bisq

Bisq is a decentralized Bitcoin exchange that allows users to trade cryptocurrencies without relying on a central authority. Bisq ensures privacy and security by conducting transactions directly between peers.

• Usage: Decentralized trading and exchange.
• Benefits: Privacy, security, and decentralization.
• Tech: Peer-to-peer network without central servers.

Liquid

Liquid is a sidechain developed by Blockstream that allows fast and confidential Bitcoin transactions. It enables quicker settlement times and privacy through confidential transactions.

• Usage: Fast and private Bitcoin transactions, trading, and issuance of digital assets.
• Features: Enhanced privacy, faster settlement, sidechain pegged to Bitcoin Mainnet.
• Participants: Exchanges, traders, and financial institutions.

Lightning Network

Lightning Network is designed to facilitate instant, low-cost micropayments by creating off-chain payment channels. Transactions are aggregated and settled on the Layer 1 network, reducing congestion and transaction fees.

• Usage: Instant micropayments and fast transactions.
• Benefits: Scalability, low fees, speed.
• Mechanism: Payment channels that operate off-chain, only settling on-chain when channels are closed.

Layer 3 Networks

Layer 3 networks build upon the functionalities of Layer 1 and Layer 2 to offer more sophisticated services and applications, often related to data management, communication, and additional privacy features.

Nostr

Nostr (Notes and Other Stuff Transmitted by Relays) is a protocol for decentralized, censorship-resistant messaging and social networking. Nostr leverages the underlying security and decentralization characteristics of the blockchain ecosystem.

• Usage: Secure, decentralized social media and communication.
• Benefits: Censorship resistance, privacy, and decentralization.
• Implementation: Uses public-private key cryptography for secure messaging and relay-based data transmission.

Closing

The blockchain ecosystem's multilayer architecture enables robust, scalable, and secure decentralized applications. Layer 1 networks like Mainnet, Test Net, and SigNet provide foundational support, while Layer 2 networks like Bisq, Liquid, and Lightning offer enhanced performance and efficiency. Layer 3 networks like Nostr further extend capabilities into decentralized communication and advanced applications.

Understanding these layers and their specific applications is crucial for anyone looking to navigate the blockchain space effectively, develop new solutions, or leverage the benefits of decentralized networks for a variety of uses. As the ecosystem continues to evolve

@ 0b963191:fc5e7ffd

Chef's notes

Can of course substitute in beef for the lamb.

In terms of canned peas, always prefer La Sueur

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 30 min
• 🍳 Cook time: 1 hour
• 🍽️ Servings: 4

Ingredients

• Potatoes:
• 1 ½ pounds potatoes (Russet)
• ½ cup half-and-half
• 2 ounces unsalted butter
• ¾ teaspoon kosher salt
• ¼ teaspoon black pepper
• 1 egg yolk
• Meat Filling:
• 2 tablespoons canola oil
• 1 cup chopped white onion
• 3 carrots, peeled and diced
• 1 ½ pounds ground lamb
• 1 teaspoon kosher salt
• ½ teaspoon black pepper
• 3 tablespoons flour
• 3-4 teaspoons tomato paste
• 1 cup chicken broth
• 3 teaspoons Worcestershire sauce
• 2-3 teaspoons chopped rosemary leaves (fresh)
• 1-2 teaspoons chopped thyme leaves (fresh)
• ¾ cup corn kernels
• ¾ cup peas

Directions

1. Potatoes:
2. Peel and dice potatoes.
3. Place in a pot and cover in cold water.
4. Bring to a boil.
5. Lower fire to simmer and cook for 15-20 minutes.
6. Heat butter and half-and-half for 30-40 seconds in the microwave.
7. Drain potatoes and put back into the pot.
8. Mash potatoes and add half-and-half, butter, salt, pepper.
9. Continue mashing until smooth and stir in yolk until combined.
10. Preheat the oven to 400 degrees.
11. Filling:
12. Heat canola oil in a 10-12 inch pan over high heat.
13. Add onions and carrots and saute over medium-high heat for 4-5 minutes.
14. Add garlic and combine for 30 seconds.
15. Add Lamb, salt, and pepper and cook until browned.
16. Sprinkle flour and stir to coat lamb and cook for 1-2 minutes.
17. Add Tomato paste, chicken broth, Worcestershire sauce, rosemary, thyme. Stir and bring to a boil.
18. Reduce heat to low, cover, and simmer for 12-15 minutes while sauce thickens.
19. Oven:
20. Add meat filling to baking dish.
21. Add peas and corn and stir in evenly
22. Spread mashed potatoes using a rubber spatula. start at the corners and make sure to seal around the edges.
23. Bake for 25 minutes
24. Remove from the oven and let sit for 15-20 minutes.

@ e052fee1:bceaacc8

With the rapid development of blockchain technology, major platforms are accelerating the construction and expansion of their ecosystems. In early May, Neon significantly boosted its ecosystem capabilities and development through two key initiatives: launching the Lumen Money protocol and forming a strategic partnership with Eclipse. These moves not only strengthened Neon’s market position but also brought new opportunities and functionalities to its user and developer communities.

Firstly, the launch of Lumen Money provides Neon users with a new decentralized lending platform, allowing them to borrow and lend cryptocurrencies in a trustless manner. The protocol automates the lending process through smart contracts, with interest rates determined by dynamic algorithms based on the supply and demand of various supported cryptocurrencies. Additionally, since Lumen Money is deployed on Neon EVM, it can directly access the native liquidity of the Solana ecosystem and leverage its network advantages, significantly enhancing transaction efficiency and user experience.

Secondly, the collaboration between Neon and Eclipse marks a significant breakthrough in blockchain network interoperability. This partnership successfully overcomes the compatibility barrier between EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) and SVM (Solana Virtual Machine) by integrating the mature technology suite, Neon Stack, developed by the core team at Neon EVM. This move not only enhances compatibility between EVM and SVM but also creates more possibilities for developers and users, driving the development and deployment of innovative applications.

Through these strategic initiatives, Neon not only strengthens its technical foundation but also provides its user and developer community with broader operational scope and more efficient tools. This demonstrates its firm commitment to advancing the forefront of blockchain technology and promoting ecosystem diversity. Below, we will briefly analyze the potential impact of launching the Lumen Money protocol and collaborating with Eclipse on Neon’s development.

Launching Lumen Money: A Revolutionary Lending Protocol Lumen Money is a brand-new decentralized finance (DeFi) platform that offers users a trustless lending environment. The core of this platform lies in its smart contracts, which automatically handle all lending activities and adjust interest rates in real-time based on market supply and demand dynamics.

Deployed on Neon EVM, Lumen Money can seamlessly integrate into the Solana ecosystem, providing platform users with native liquidity advantages while fully leveraging Solana’s network features. Utilizing the Compound Finance codebase, Lumen Money establishes a comprehensive money market, allowing Solana users to borrow and lend funds directly from its rich asset pool.

The platform employs an over-collateralized lending model, meaning borrowers need to provide assets worth more than the loan amount as collateral. This approach enhances the security of the lending process. Borrowers can deposit their crypto assets into Lumen’s lending pools and earn interest on these assets. The interest rates are determined by a utilization-based rate curve model, initially pioneered by Compound Finance.

To improve user experience and security, Lumen Money offers a diverse range of money market options, including popular assets like ETH, SOL, USDT, and USDC. Additionally, Lumen Money plans to gradually add more asset classes, including long-tail assets that can be utilized in isolated lending pools. The platform integrates top-tier oracle services like Pyth and Chainlink and implements time locks and multi-signature mechanisms for core contracts to ensure secure and reliable transactions.

Moreover, Lumen Money has introduced the Lumen Loyalty Points system to encourage user lending activities and platform engagement. These points reflect users’ contributions to the Lumen ecosystem, with a portion allocated for community airdrops and another portion used for community incentives and revenue-sharing models.

As the Neon EVM ecosystem continues to grow, Lumen Money’s participation undeniably brings broader application scenarios and deeper market engagement to the Neon platform. This not only enhances Neon’s market competitiveness but also offers its users a more diverse range of financial tools and services, showcasing Neon’s proactive stance and capability in driving blockchain financial innovation.

Neon and Eclipse Collaborate to Overcome EVM and SVM Compatibility Barriers In the rapidly evolving blockchain technology landscape, the collaboration between Neon and Eclipse marks a significant breakthrough in compatibility between two major ecosystems. Through this strategic alliance, Eclipse becomes the first platform to integrate the Neon Stack, achieving seamless compatibility between the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) and the Solana Virtual Machine (SVM). This accomplishment not only enhances the technical interoperability of the two platforms but also opens up new possibilities for developers and users, significantly advancing Web3’s penetration into the mainstream market.

Eclipse leverages its unique L2 modular design, combining Solana’s high-performance processing capabilities with Ethereum’s settlement features, to create a high-performance platform capable of handling large-scale transactions. The introduction of the Neon Stack provides crucial technical support to this structure, enabling SVM-based Eclipse to support native Ethereum dApps. This technological fusion resolves the long-standing incompatibility issue between EVM and SVM, allowing developers to deploy existing Ethereum applications on Solana without the need for extensive rewrites, while benefiting from lower transaction fees and faster processing speeds.

The Neon Stack itself is a comprehensive technological solution, including key components such as the Neon EVM smart contracts and Neon Proxy. These technologies not only simplify the process of transitioning from EVM to SVM but also enable Ethereum developers to seamlessly migrate to Solana by providing standard Web3 APIs. Additionally, the Neon Stack has been running on the Solana mainnet since July 2023, confirming its stability and efficiency.

This collaboration makes Eclipse the first platform in the market to leverage the advantages of both the Ethereum and Solana ecosystems simultaneously. Neel Somani, the founder and CEO of Eclipse Labs, stated, “Through our partnership with Neon Stack, we provide a platform for Solidity developers looking to build on high-performance Layer 2 solutions to realize their vision.” This integration not only strengthens the technical collaboration between the two platforms but also provides developers with a powerful tool to expand their applications without sacrificing performance.

Davide Menegaldo, Chief Business Officer of the Neon Foundation, added, “This collaboration is not just about technical integration but also about the convergence of two powerful ecosystems, providing a seamless experience for developers and users.” This technological collaboration and development signal a move towards broader applicability and acceptance of blockchain technology, offering a possible blueprint for the development of other platforms and applications within the industry.

Over the next few months, this collaborative relationship is expected to be fully realized through multiple rounds of testing and optimization. This will not only enhance interoperability for developers and users but also drive the widespread adoption of Web3 technology. Through this unprecedented technological collaboration, Neon and Eclipse are committed to building a more open, interoperable, and efficient blockchain ecosystem.

Leading the future: Innovative protocols and strategic partnerships drive a new blockchain landscape As a witness to the continuous evolution of blockchain technology, Neon has once again demonstrated its leadership in advancing the forefront of technology and expanding the ecosystem through the launch of the Lumen Money protocol and its strategic partnership with Eclipse. These initiatives not only bring technological innovation and market advantages to Neon but also open up new possibilities and opportunities for users and developer communities, potentially reshaping the way decentralized finance and application development are conducted.

However, Neon’s ambitions extend far beyond this. With the continuous maturation and expansion of the Neon EVM ecosystem, the company plans to continue driving innovation in its technology and services, aiming to become a leading platform in the blockchain space. By becoming a key player in the DeFi space with Lumen Money and accelerating blockchain interoperability through collaboration with Eclipse, Neon is steadily establishing its important position in the Web3 world.

Furthermore, as more developers and users experience the convenience and efficiency provided by Neon, the Neon EVM and its partner Eclipse will continue to be drivers of innovation, not only pushing forward blockchain technology but also building the Web3 revolution. This is just the beginning, and looking ahead, Neon is poised to lead more groundbreaking technological advancements, driving the entire blockchain industry towards broader applications and mainstream adoption.

@ dbb9c664:c62a102f

Chef's notes

Soak the veggies in water with baking soda and vinegar for about 30 minutes prior to juicing. 🌱

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 5
• 🍳 Cook time: 5
• 🍽️ Servings: 4

Ingredients

• 1 bunch of kale
• 1 bunch of celery
• 2 cucumbers
• 4 kiwis

Directions

1. Soak the vegetables in water with baking soda and vinegar for 30 minutes
2. Cut into juice-sized pieces
3. Put into your juicer!
4. Enjoy!

@ dbb9c664:c62a102f

Chef's notes

Try to use fresh lemon if you can. It makes the guac taste bangin

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 10 min
• 🍳 Cook time: 8-10 min
• 🍽️ Servings: 3

Ingredients

• 1 sweet potato
• 1 tbsp oil
• Spices (salt, pepper, garlic powder, paprika, brown sugar)
• Dried herbs (oregano & parsley)
• 1 avocado
• Salt & pepper
• Lemon juice
• OPTIONAL: garlic or onion

Directions

1. Cut the sweet potato in half lengthwise
2. Cut 1/2 inch steaks
3. Cut those in half
4. Cut each fry a little under 1/2 an inch for restaurant quality
5. Combine fries in a bowl with oil and spices
6. Air fry or bake at 375 degrees F for 8-10 minutes
7. Smash avocado with lemon juice and spices and optionally add 2 garlic cloves or 1/2-1/4 an onion
8. Enjoy! 😉

@ 91e58ef2:0f378564

With the rapid development of blockchain technology, major platforms are accelerating the construction and expansion of their ecosystems. In early May, Neon significantly boosted its ecosystem capabilities and development through two key initiatives: launching the Lumen Money protocol and forming a strategic partnership with Eclipse. These moves not only strengthened Neon’s market position but also brought new opportunities and functionalities to its user and developer communities.

Firstly, the launch of Lumen Money provides Neon users with a new decentralized lending platform, allowing them to borrow and lend cryptocurrencies in a trustless manner. The protocol automates the lending process through smart contracts, with interest rates determined by dynamic algorithms based on the supply and demand of various supported cryptocurrencies. Additionally, since Lumen Money is deployed on Neon EVM, it can directly access the native liquidity of the Solana ecosystem and leverage its network advantages, significantly enhancing transaction efficiency and user experience.

Secondly, the collaboration between Neon and Eclipse marks a significant breakthrough in blockchain network interoperability. This partnership successfully overcomes the compatibility barrier between EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) and SVM (Solana Virtual Machine) by integrating the mature technology suite, Neon Stack, developed by the core team at Neon EVM. This move not only enhances compatibility between EVM and SVM but also creates more possibilities for developers and users, driving the development and deployment of innovative applications.

Through these strategic initiatives, Neon not only strengthens its technical foundation but also provides its user and developer community with broader operational scope and more efficient tools. This demonstrates its firm commitment to advancing the forefront of blockchain technology and promoting ecosystem diversity. Below, we will briefly analyze the potential impact of launching the Lumen Money protocol and collaborating with Eclipse on Neon’s development.

Launching Lumen Money: A Revolutionary Lending Protocol Lumen Money is a brand-new decentralized finance (DeFi) platform that offers users a trustless lending environment. The core of this platform lies in its smart contracts, which automatically handle all lending activities and adjust interest rates in real-time based on market supply and demand dynamics.

Deployed on Neon EVM, Lumen Money can seamlessly integrate into the Solana ecosystem, providing platform users with native liquidity advantages while fully leveraging Solana’s network features. Utilizing the Compound Finance codebase, Lumen Money establishes a comprehensive money market, allowing Solana users to borrow and lend funds directly from its rich asset pool.

The platform employs an over-collateralized lending model, meaning borrowers need to provide assets worth more than the loan amount as collateral. This approach enhances the security of the lending process. Borrowers can deposit their crypto assets into Lumen’s lending pools and earn interest on these assets. The interest rates are determined by a utilization-based rate curve model, initially pioneered by Compound Finance.

To improve user experience and security, Lumen Money offers a diverse range of money market options, including popular assets like ETH, SOL, USDT, and USDC. Additionally, Lumen Money plans to gradually add more asset classes, including long-tail assets that can be utilized in isolated lending pools. The platform integrates top-tier oracle services like Pyth and Chainlink and implements time locks and multi-signature mechanisms for core contracts to ensure secure and reliable transactions.

Moreover, Lumen Money has introduced the Lumen Loyalty Points system to encourage user lending activities and platform engagement. These points reflect users’ contributions to the Lumen ecosystem, with a portion allocated for community airdrops and another portion used for community incentives and revenue-sharing models.

As the Neon EVM ecosystem continues to grow, Lumen Money’s participation undeniably brings broader application scenarios and deeper market engagement to the Neon platform. This not only enhances Neon’s market competitiveness but also offers its users a more diverse range of financial tools and services, showcasing Neon’s proactive stance and capability in driving blockchain financial innovation.

Neon and Eclipse Collaborate to Overcome EVM and SVM Compatibility Barriers In the rapidly evolving blockchain technology landscape, the collaboration between Neon and Eclipse marks a significant breakthrough in compatibility between two major ecosystems. Through this strategic alliance, Eclipse becomes the first platform to integrate the Neon Stack, achieving seamless compatibility between the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) and the Solana Virtual Machine (SVM). This accomplishment not only enhances the technical interoperability of the two platforms but also opens up new possibilities for developers and users, significantly advancing Web3’s penetration into the mainstream market.

Eclipse leverages its unique L2 modular design, combining Solana’s high-performance processing capabilities with Ethereum’s settlement features, to create a high-performance platform capable of handling large-scale transactions. The introduction of the Neon Stack provides crucial technical support to this structure, enabling SVM-based Eclipse to support native Ethereum dApps. This technological fusion resolves the long-standing incompatibility issue between EVM and SVM, allowing developers to deploy existing Ethereum applications on Solana without the need for extensive rewrites, while benefiting from lower transaction fees and faster processing speeds.

The Neon Stack itself is a comprehensive technological solution, including key components such as the Neon EVM smart contracts and Neon Proxy. These technologies not only simplify the process of transitioning from EVM to SVM but also enable Ethereum developers to seamlessly migrate to Solana by providing standard Web3 APIs. Additionally, the Neon Stack has been running on the Solana mainnet since July 2023, confirming its stability and efficiency.

This collaboration makes Eclipse the first platform in the market to leverage the advantages of both the Ethereum and Solana ecosystems simultaneously. Neel Somani, the founder and CEO of Eclipse Labs, stated, “Through our partnership with Neon Stack, we provide a platform for Solidity developers looking to build on high-performance Layer 2 solutions to realize their vision.” This integration not only strengthens the technical collaboration between the two platforms but also provides developers with a powerful tool to expand their applications without sacrificing performance.

Davide Menegaldo, Chief Business Officer of the Neon Foundation, added, “This collaboration is not just about technical integration but also about the convergence of two powerful ecosystems, providing a seamless experience for developers and users.” This technological collaboration and development signal a move towards broader applicability and acceptance of blockchain technology, offering a possible blueprint for the development of other platforms and applications within the industry.

Over the next few months, this collaborative relationship is expected to be fully realized through multiple rounds of testing and optimization. This will not only enhance interoperability for developers and users but also drive the widespread adoption of Web3 technology. Through this unprecedented technological collaboration, Neon and Eclipse are committed to building a more open, interoperable, and efficient blockchain ecosystem.

Leading the future: Innovative protocols and strategic partnerships drive a new blockchain landscape As a witness to the continuous evolution of blockchain technology, Neon has once again demonstrated its leadership in advancing the forefront of technology and expanding the ecosystem through the launch of the Lumen Money protocol and its strategic partnership with Eclipse. These initiatives not only bring technological innovation and market advantages to Neon but also open up new possibilities and opportunities for users and developer communities, potentially reshaping the way decentralized finance and application development are conducted.

However, Neon’s ambitions extend far beyond this. With the continuous maturation and expansion of the Neon EVM ecosystem, the company plans to continue driving innovation in its technology and services, aiming to become a leading platform in the blockchain space. By becoming a key player in the DeFi space with Lumen Money and accelerating blockchain interoperability through collaboration with Eclipse, Neon is steadily establishing its important position in the Web3 world.

Furthermore, as more developers and users experience the convenience and efficiency provided by Neon, the Neon EVM and its partner Eclipse will continue to be drivers of innovation, not only pushing forward blockchain technology but also building the Web3 revolution. This is just the beginning, and looking ahead, Neon is poised to lead more groundbreaking technological advancements, driving the entire blockchain industry towards broader applications and mainstream adoption.

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

Previously, I wrote about my concerns surrounding the Keynesian Beauty Contest nature of Stacker News: https://stacker.news/items/473181/r/Undisciplined. Check that out for context.

Now, I'd like to add some thoughts about why I'm hopeful that we can sustain a culture of authenticity in the face of the perverse incentives those contests have.

Repeated games are different

The most important element that I didn't touch on in the previous post is that most of us don't just use Stacker News once and abscond with our rewards. We come back over and over again.

That matters for the incentives because we aren't just guessing today's beauty contest winner, we're signaling who tomorrow's contestants should be. If you're zapping posts that you don't like, just because you expect them to do well, then you're going to have more posts like that to look at in the future and fewer of the ones you do want to look at.

Eventually, I imagine inauthentic zappers will lose interest in a site that only offers content that's valuable to other people.

Authenticity optimizes global trust

Our votes in this beauty contest are weighted by our global trust score, which is something like our propensity to zap content that is valued by others. It's based on our individual trust scores with every other stacker, though, and this is what got me thinking about this post.

When you zap inauthentically, you may get more rewards today, but you are also increasing the trust scores of those who also zap that way and decreasing the scores of those who share your authentic preferences.

Alternatively, if you zap authentically, then you will elevate those who share your preferences and give more weight to their votes in the future. This incentivizes such people to be on Stacker News at all.

TLDR

Long-term, being authentic actually maximizes your voting power on Stacker News and will result in being maximally rewarded for zapping your favorite content.

That's in addition to the direct effect of incentivizing people to make more content that you like.

Zap true and Stacker News will become the place you want it to be.

Some other posts about using SN well

(Just hover over links to see the post titles)

From me https://stacker.news/items/287074/r/Undisciplined https://stacker.news/items/523858/r/Undisciplined https://stacker.news/items/488525/r/Undisciplined

From @Natalia https://stacker.news/items/252695 https://stacker.news/items/392551

From @cryotosensei https://stacker.news/items/400068/r/Undisciplined https://stacker.news/items/444755/r/Undisciplined https://stacker.news/items/393176/r/Undisciplined

As always, zap well.

@ 0403c86a:66d3a378

🏆 Meet Stan Kroenke, the sports mogul who had an unforgettable weekend! His teams, the Colorado Avalanche, Arsenal, and Denver Nuggets, all faced heartbreaking losses in their respective leagues. 😲

🏒 The Colorado Avalanche, a favorite to win the Stanley Cup, suffered a shocking overtime loss at home, ending their playoff run.

🏆 Arsenal gave it their all, but Manchester City's win dashed their hopes for the Premier League title. Aston Villa's earlier victory over Arsenal proved pivotal in this tight race.

🏀 The Denver Nuggets had a rollercoaster series against the Golden State Warriors. After a thrilling comeback to take a 3-2 lead, they stunned fans by losing the final two games, including a heart-wrenching home Game 7 defeat after leading by 20 points. 😲

Despite the billions in his bank account, this weekend was far from a slam dunk for Stan Kroenke. 🤑 Sports, as they say, are unpredictable! 🤯

@ fec1f0c9:25ee63f5

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 20
• 🍳 Cook time: 10-14 days
• 🍽️ Servings: 8

Ingredients

• 1 gallon of filtered water

Directions

1. Prepare the sweet tea: Bring 4 cups of water to a boil in a large pot. Remove the pot from heat and add the tea bags and sugar, stirring until the sugar is completely dissolved. Let the tea steep for about 10-15 minutes, then remove the tea bags.

@ 91e58ef2:0f378564

Over the past year, Chingari has emerged as a dark horse in the SocialFi field, showcasing a remarkable growth trajectory. According to the data presented, since May 2023, Chingari has experienced significant fluctuations and growth in its independent active user count (UAW), transaction volume, and number of transactions. Particularly at the beginning of 2024, Chingari witnessed several substantial increases in user activity and transaction volume, demonstrating its strong performance in the market.

According to Coin98 Analytics, in the past 30 days, Chingari ranks seventh in the number of independent active addresses, with a total of 777K, indicating its gradually solidifying position in the SocialFi app landscape. This achievement not only reflects Chingari’s breakthroughs in technology and product development, but also highlights its precise understanding of user demands and market trends.

Whether in the Web2 or Web3 world, social applications have become a necessity for users, and Chingari has gradually attracted a large number of users’ attention and participation with its unique operating model and innovative features. Next, we will delve into an analysis of Chingari’s operational strategies and the challenges it faces in the SocialFi field.

Chingari Platform Overview: Indian Innovative Short Video Social App with Impressive Incentive Mechanisms and User Growth Chingari is a popular short video social application that has quickly gained prominence in the Indian market since its launch in 2020. Similar to China’s TikTok, Chingari allows users to earn rewards by creating and sharing short video content. With its innovative features and reward mechanisms, Chingari has attracted a large number of users, forming a massive community with over 175 million current users.

Expanding User Base

Chingari’s vision is to become the best short video sharing platform for users, dedicated to providing opportunities for talented individuals to showcase themselves. Users can capture and share perfect videos to showcase themselves to the world. Currently, Chingari boasts over 50 million users and 160 million views, with downloads exceeding 130 million times. The platform offers multiple language versions to enable more people to use this popular new platform and emphasizes protecting user data and security to ensure users can use it with peace of mind.

Innovative Reward Mechanisms

Chingari not only provides a platform to showcase talent but also incentivizes user participation in content creation through various means. Users can earn GARI tokens by watching, sharing, and creating video content. These tokens can be used to unlock special content from creators or purchase voice or video call experiences with creators. By staking idle assets in the wallet, users can also earn additional rewards. This “create and earn” and “participate and earn” mechanism greatly stimulates user enthusiasm and promotes platform activity.

Financing and Development

In just a few years, Chingari has achieved significant milestones. In 2021, Chingari raised $19 million in funding and was ranked as India’s number one social networking app in the Indian government’s “App Innovation Challenge.” In May 2022, Chingari completed a $15 million Series A expansion round of financing, providing a solid foundation for further development. In the future, Chingari plans to launch integrated beta testing and live testing of blockchain, further enriching user experience and driving the platform’s continued development.

Through these efforts, Chingari is continuously reshaping the social media landscape, providing users with better experiences and more opportunities. Chingari’s success is not only a breakthrough in technology and products but also a precise understanding of user needs and market trends. Next, we will delve into the operational strategies of Chingari and the challenges it faces in the SocialFi field.

In-depth Analysis of Chingari’s Integration with Kana Labs Paymaster: A Crucial Layout for Decentralized Social Media Innovation and Integration: Chingari’s Latest Move

On February 23, 2024, Chingari, a leading short video sharing platform in the Web3 space, announced its integration with Kana Labs Paymaster service, offering sponsored transactions covering gas fees. This move aims to further optimize user experience, lower the barrier of entry for users, and foster widespread adoption of the platform. Since its establishment in 2018, Chingari has been dedicated to empowering creators through NFT technology, providing content ownership management, and now boasts nearly 5 million daily active users with a daily video viewing count of up to 200 million.

The Significance of Paymaster Technology

Paymaster is a blockchain infrastructure that allows companies or third-party entities to store tokens for sponsoring transactions. This means that any dApp integrated with Paymaster technology can provide its users with a seamless transaction experience without the complexity of gas fees. Paymaster accounts hold various tokens used to pay for transaction fees, enabling these dApps to cover the gas fees for transactions, thus simplifying the user’s operational process.

Kana Labs’ Paymaster service is widely recognized for its efficiency and reliability and is recommended by Aptos Labs as the preferred choice for dApp integration. Chingari chose to partner with Kana Labs not only for its advantages in the multi-chain ecosystem but also for Kana Labs’ excellent performance in cross-chain solutions and smart wallet capabilities. By integrating Kana Labs Paymaster service, Chingari can effectively reduce users’ transaction costs, enhance platform scalability, and improve user satisfaction.

The Future of Decentralized Ecosystems

Chingari, initially built on the Solana network, has now migrated to the Aptos network to leverage its higher scalability and lower gas fees. This multi-chain strategy ensures Chingari’s leading position in both technological innovation and user experience. Since mid-February 2024, Chingari has sponsored over 800,000 transactions through the Kana Labs Paymaster service. This integration not only enhances the platform’s decentralized transaction management capabilities but also enables users to enjoy a more convenient Web3 experience.

In the future, as Kana Labs continues to expand its services in the multi-chain ecosystem, Chingari will be able to achieve greater market penetration and technical integration on a global scale. Through this collaboration, Chingari not only enhances its own competitiveness but also sets new benchmarks for the development of decentralized social media. This move by Chingari heralds more innovation and transformation for decentralized social platforms in the future.

Chingari’s Multi-Pronged Approach Leads to Comprehensive Improvement in User Engagement and Platform Functionality Web3 social media enthusiasts are well aware that Chingari, as a leading short video sharing platform, has gained significant influence both within and outside the Web3 community. Specifically, Chingari has made remarkable progress in several areas, making waves in the market:

Firstly, in terms of user incentives, Chingari has significantly increased user engagement through a series of reward mechanisms. For example, on May 10, 2024, Chingari announced the “Refer and Earn Leaderboard Contest” on the X platform, with a prize pool of up to $100,000 in GARI tokens. This initiative encourages users to refer new users and stay active on the platform, with referrers earning 100 $GARI for each successful referral and referees earning 50 $GARI. This initiative not only promotes user growth but also enhances community interaction.

In terms of platform operations, Chingari has adopted a strategy of regularly burning GARI tokens to control token supply and increase their scarcity. On May 13, 2024, Chingari announced the successful burning of 500,000 GARI tokens, worth approximately $11,000, reducing the total supply by 1.61%. This burning mechanism effectively enhances token value and boosts user confidence in the platform’s long-term development.

Additionally, Chingari has introduced several advanced trading tools, enhancing the user trading experience. On May 30, 2024, the platform launched DEX aggregation functionality, providing better trading options through Raydium and Meteor. Meanwhile, users can utilize limit orders and Dollar-Cost Averaging (DCA) automated investment strategies to better control their trading and investment plans. By staking GARI tokens, users not only gain voting rights but also participate in platform governance, voting on proposals, thereby enhancing their involvement in platform decisions.

To further enhance user experience and platform functionality, Chingari plans to launch perpetual contract trading using Drift.trade and Raydium liquidity on July 5, 2024. Additionally, users can borrow other cryptocurrencies using GARI or SOL tokens as collateral until July 30, 2024, unlocking more liquidity and improving asset utilization efficiency.

Overall, through these strategies and feature innovations, Chingari has not only successfully expanded its user base and platform functionality diversity but also demonstrated its forward-looking layout and innovative spirit in the Web3 social media field. However, despite these measures showing strong growth potential, future market changes and user demands remain uncertain. Whether Chingari can maintain its leading position in the fierce competition in the future remains to be seen.

@ fec1f0c9:25ee63f5

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 20
• 🍳 Cook time: 10-14 days
• 🍽️ Servings: 8

Ingredients

• 1 gallon of filtered water

Directions

1. Prepare the sweet tea: Bring 4 cups of water to a boil in a large pot. Remove the pot from heat and add the tea bags and sugar, stirring until the sugar is completely dissolved. Let the tea steep for about 10-15 minutes, then remove the tea bags.

@ f954303f:6e1b0af5

“踔厉”一词其实很可能是国民党政治词汇中撷取的

以抢救民族文化危机为己任，以抢救大陆被毒化的青少年为己任，并且要让传统文化能发皇其所固有，踔厉（chuo li）其所本无

蒋介石

中华民国六十一年青年节告全国青年书（1972）

这个词汇我以前在偶然在一些国民党宣教材料中见到过，还用字典查过，没想到现在不知道被哪个人从国民党故纸堆翻出来了，说起来有键委考证过这个词是在国民党败退之后出现的还是在大陆时候就已经有再用了？个人感觉是这个词应该是和国民党反攻“大陆”拯救“传统文化”联系在一起的

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朱自清儿子朱迈先，中共地下党骨干，策动了桂林国军队投共，却在50年镇反中被当作匪特枪毙，时年33岁

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Gülünç Kâhinlikler ve Entelektüel Tevazunun Değeri

1998 yılında Paul Krugman, 2005 yılına gelindiğinde “internetin ekonomi üzerindeki etkisinin faks makinesinden daha büyük olmadığının” açıkça görüleceği tahmininde bulunmuştu. Bu tahmin o kadar yanlıştı ve o kadar yaygın bir şekilde dilden dile (neredeyse memetik bir şekilde) dolaşıyordu ki Snopes’un bu ifadeleri kontrol eden ve doğruluğunu teyit eden bir sayfası bile mevcuttu.

İnternet uçsuz bucaksız bir yer, ancak bu kadar kötü bir şekilde ıskalayan başka bir tahmin bulmak gerçekten çok zordur. Bu nedenle 2015 yılında Bitcoin ile ilgili olarak yapılan ve aynı derecede fena ıskalayan bir tahmine rastladığımda epey şaşırdım. Ne tesadüftür ki (ya da belki de değil) bu yorum da Krugman’dan geliyor.

Bitcoin “Liberteryen İdeolojiye” Dayanan Bir “Balon” mu?

Temmuz 2015’te düzenlenen bir panelde Krugman’a “Bitcoin gibi ezber bozan, sistem yıkıcı, çığır açıcı dijital para birimleri” hakkındaki görüşü soruldu. Krugman, iki buçuk dakikalık abuk sabuk bir yanıtla Bitcoin’i “liberteryen ideolojiye” dayanan bir para birimi, patlamayı bekleyen bir balon olarak tanımladı. Nobel ödüllü yazar, “Bir soruna teknik açıdan güzel bir çözüm, ancak bu sorunun iktisadi açıdan pek bir önemi olduğunu söyleyemeyiz.” şeklinde her zamanki gibi zırvalamıştı. Ancak buradaki asıl mesele, Krugman’ın bu teknik meseleleri anlamadığının açık olmasıdır. Sözlerine Bitcoin’i kredi kartlarıyla kıyaslayarak devam ederken “Eğer bir para biriminin fiziksel bir şey olması gerekmediği, sanal bir şey olabileceği fikrini arıyorsanız, bu zaten sahip olduğumuz sistemdir” diyordu. “Ödemeleri elektronik olarak yapmanın bir yolunu arıyorsam, bu, bilirsiniz, kredi kartlarıdır.” bile demişti, inanabiliyor musunuz?

Krugman’ın yanıtı, Bitcoin’i gerçekten incelemediğini ve değer önerisini ya da benzersiz özelliklerini gerçekten anlamadığını gösteriyor. Bitcoin itibari para ile aynı özelliklerin çoğuna, yani kolayca transfer edilebilirliğe, bölünebilirliğe ve takas edilebilirliğe sahiptir; ancak itibari paradan farklı olarak arzı öngörülebilir ve kesinlikle sınırlıdır. Tasarımı gereği, Bitcoin’i yaratmak, yani “madencilik” giderek zorlaşmaktadır. Ve sadece 21 milyon Bitcoin üretileceğini kesin olarak biliriz. Bu doğal kıtlık Bitcoin’i itibari paradan çok daha dayanıklı bir para birimi hâline getirmektedir ki bu özelliğin kredi kartlarıyla hiçbir ilgisi yoktur. Krugman, Bitcoin’in özelliklerini tartışmak ya da zayıf yönlerine değinmek yerine, çoğunlukla Bitcoin ile alay ediyor, daha doğrusu alay edebildiğini sanma gafletine düşüyor ve şu finansal tavsiyeyi veriyor: “Bitcoin birçok açıdan gerçekten bir balon gibi görünüyor ve kesinlikle, bu para birimini tutmak için bir neden yok.”

Krugman’ın Tavsiyesini Dikkate Almayıp Bitcoin Alsaydınız Ne Olurdu?

Krugman’ı dinleyip 2015 yılında Bitcoin almamaya karar verdiyseniz, muhtemelen kendinizi Netflix’i satın alması için gelen 50 milyon dolarlık teklifi geri çeviren Blockbuster şirketi yöneticileri gibi hissediyorsunuzdur.

Krugman Temmuz 2015’te bu tahmini yaptığında Bitcoin yaklaşık 300 dolardan işlem görüyordu. Çarşamba sabahı, yani Bitcoin’in 15. yaş günü olan 3 Ocak 2024’te Bitcoin 45.000 dolardan işlem gördü. Bu, Krugman’ın tavsiyesini göz ardı edip 7500 dolara 25 Bitcoin almaya karar verdiyseniz, bugün yaklaşık 1.125.000 dolarınız olacağı anlamına geliyor.

Bir de başka bir açıdan bakalım. Krugman 2015 yılında New York Şehir Üniversitesi’nden (gelir eşitsizliği üzerine çalışmak üzere) yıllık 225.000 dolar maaş alıyordu ve bu meblağa diğer girişimlerinden elde ettiği kazançlar (kitap telifleri, New York Times köşesi, vb.) dâhil değildi. Krugman bir yıl boyunca gelirinin %10’u ile (vergi ödemeden önce) hisse senedi yerine Bitcoin alsaydı, 22.500 dolar karşılığında 75 Bitcoin satın alabilirdi. Bu tek yatırım ona 3,4 milyon dolar net kâr sağlardı.

Bilmenin Sınırlarını Bilmek

Krugman’a karşı insaflı olmak adına, geleceği tahmin etmenin zor olduğunu söylemeliyim. Sonsuz sayıda hareketli parçası olan karmaşık bir dünyada yaşıyoruz. Sistemler, seçimler, ürünler, riskler, vs. gibi şeylerle dolu dünya hakkındaki bilgimiz oldukça sınırlıdır. Ancak yine de bu gerçeği kabul etmeli ve şunu bilmeliyiz ki tüm bilginin tek bir akla aktarılabileceğini varsaymak, gerçek dünyada önemli ve anlamlı olan her şeyi göz ardı etmek olacaktır. Ne yazık ki, bilginin sınırlarını kabul etmek ve bu konuda tevazu göstermek Krugman’ın pek de iyi bildiği bir şey değildir. Hatta kendisine Bitcoin sorulduğunda küçümseyerek cevap vermesi de dinleyicilerin ve moderatörün gülüşmelerine neden olmuştur.

Krugman’ın tepkisinin progresiflerin ağababası Noam Chomsky’nin 2015’teki bir röportaj sırasında kendisine Bitcoin sorulduğunda verdiği yanıtla tam bir tezat oluşturması da çok ilginçtir. Chomsky şüpheci olduğunu ifade etmiş, ancak Bitcoin’i yakından incelemediğini de kabul etmişti. Chomsky, “İlk aklıma gelen, cevap verecek kadar bilgim olmadığı” demiştir. Bu, Krugman’ın üstünkörü yaklaşımından çok daha aydınlatıcı ve mütevazı bir yaklaşımdır.

Entelektüeller arasında kibir pek duyulmamış bir şey değildir, ancak geçmişi tuhaf tahminler ve oldukça utanç verici olduğu ortaya çıkan kötü tavsiyelerle dolu olan Krugman’dan bu kadar kibre tanık olmak biraz şaşırtıcı oluyor (insan biraz akıllanır be adam). Bu kibirli ve aymaz çıkışlarının arasında 2002 yılında resesyonla mücadele etmek için kasıtlı olarak konut balonu yaratma önerisi (konut balonu da nasıl sonuçlandı, gördük), makroekonomik modellerinin ampirik başarısızlıkları ve yukarıda bahsedilen internetin ekonomik etkisinin “faks makinelerinden daha büyük olmayacağı” iddiası yer alıyor. İnanılmaz bir adam!

Tekrar ediyorum, bazı konularda yanılıyor olmakta sorun yok. İnsanız, hepimiz hata yaparız. Ancak bu temel gerçeği kabul etmek, kibri değil de tevazuyu ve yanıldığımızı kabul etme becerisini geliştirmelidir.

Bitcoin’e Dair İyimserlik

Krugman 2017, 2018 ve 2022’deki köşe yazılarından da anlaşılacağı üzere Bitcoin’e şüpheyle yaklaşmaya devam ediyor ve bunda bir sorun yok. Krugman’ın başlıca takıntısı ise Bitcoin’in (içsel değere sahip olan) altın ve (devlet vaatleriyle desteklenen) itibari paranın aksine “dayanaksız” olduğu fikri.

Krugman, “Eğer spekülatörler aniden bitcoinlerin değersiz olduğu korkusuyla toplu bir şüpheye kapılırlarsa, bitcoinler değersiz hâle gelir,” diye yazıyor. Bu doğru olabilir elbette, ancak herhangi bir para birimi (hatta altın) için de söylenebilir. Bitcoin hakkında yaklaşık bir yıl boyunca benzer kuşkulara sahip olduğumu itiraf etmeliyim. Kıt olmak üzere tasarlanmış esnek ama dayanıklı bir para birimi olarak değerini anlamak ve tam olarak inanmak zordu. Tabii artık böyle düşünmüyorum. Enflasyona karşı dayanıklı bir para birimi olarak değer önerisi gerçek, özellikle de itibari paranın tüm dünyada devasa ölçeklerde piyasaya pompalanması nedeniyle istikrarsız göründüğü bir dönemde.

İyi Para, Kötü Para ve Bitcoin’in Yeri

Peki şimdi kötü paradan, yani ABD doları, avro, Japon yeni, Çin renminbisi, İngiliz sterlini, İsviçre frangı ve temelde tüm resmî para birimlerinden bahsedelim. Bunların hepsi itibari parayı temsil etmektedir. İtibari paranın kök adı olan fiat terimi Latinceden gelir ve “böyle olsun!” anlamına sahiptir. Dolayısıyla itibari para “fermana dayalı, zorlayıcı para” ya da “halka zorla kabul ettirilen para”dır. İtibari paranın üç temel özelliği vardır: 1. Devlet (ya da onun temsilcisi olan merkez bankası) para üretimi üzerinde tekel sahibidir. 2. İtibari para banka kredilerinin genişletilmesi yoluyla üretilir; kelimenin tam anlamıyla havadan yaratılır. 3. İtibari para içsel olarak (özünde) değersizdir. Sadece parlak renkli kâğıtlar ve maddi olmayan bit ve baytlardan ibarettir ki bunlar herhangi bir zamanda ve politik olarak uygun görülen herhangi bir miktarda üretilebilirdir.

Kötü Para Nasıl Ortaya Çıktı?

Yeri gelmişken, itibari paranın bu dünyaya kendiliğinden gelmediğini belirtmek isterim. Devletler, altın ve gümüş şeklindeki emtia parasını kendi itibari paralarıyla değiştirmek için uzun süre ve çok uğraştılar. Emtia parasına son darbe 15 Ağustos 1971’de geldi: ABD Başkanı Richard Nixon, Bretton Woods’ta küresel kur ilan edilen ABD dolarının artık altına çevrilemeyeceğini açıkladı. Bu karar (ki ben buna modern tarihin en büyük parasal kamulaştırması ya da gasbı diyorum) dünyayı fiilî bir itibari para rejimine soktu.

Bu çerçevede, itibari paranın iktisadi ve ahlâkî eksikliklerden muzdarip olması sürpriz olmayabilir.

İtibari Paranın Kusurları

Birincisi, itibari para enflasyonisttir. Satın alma gücü zaman içinde azalır ve tarih bu entropinin neredeyse yerçekimi kadar tersinemez olduğunu göstermiştir.

İkincisi, itibari para seçilmiş bir azınlığı diğerlerinin zararına zenginleştirir. Yeni parayı ilk ele geçirenler, sonradan gelenlerin aleyhine fayda sağlar. Bkz: Cantillon Etkisi.

Üçüncüsü, itibari para spekülatif balonları ve krizlerle sonuçlanan sermaye yanlış dağılımlarını teşvik eder. Ekonomiler bu yüzden ani yükselmeler ve çöküşler yaşar. Bkz: Avusturyacı İş Döngüsü Teorisi.

Dördüncüsü, itibari para devletleri, bankaları, tüketicileri ve firmaları aşırı borç tuzağına çeker. Er ya da geç, borçlular kendilerini çıkış yolu olmayan derin bir çukurda bulurlar.

Beşincisi, itibari para büyük devleti besler. Devlet genişledikçe ve bakımsız bir bahçedeki yabani otlar gibi büyüdükçe, bu büyüme bireysel özgürlük ve hürriyeti boğar, hatta yok eder.

İyi Para Üzerine

Kötü para hakkında yeterince konuştum. Şimdi de sırada şu soru var: İyi para nedir? Bu soruyu yanıtlamak için, serbest para piyasasının nasıl işlediğini düşünmemiz yeterlidir. Burada insanlar hangi tür parayı kullanmak istediklerine karar vermekte özgürdürler ve aynı zamanda iyi para arayan diğer insanların ihtiyaçlarını karşılama özgürlüğüne de sahiptirler.

Parada serbest piyasanın sonucu elbette iyi para olacaktır, çünkü insanlar kendi çıkarları doğrultusunda iyi para talep edeceklerdir, kötü para değil. Bu aslında Sağlam Para Teorisi’nin bize söylediği şeydir. Para bir metadan ve serbest piyasanın kendiliğinden ortaya çıkmıştır: Bu süreçte ne bir devlete ne de bir merkez bankasına ihtiyaç duyulmuştur.

İyi para olarak nitelendirilebilmesi için söz konusu “şey” ya da malın belirli özelliklere sahip olması gerekir. Kıt, homojen, bölünebilir, dayanıklı, taşınabilir, madenden darp edilebilir vs. olmalıdır. Altın ve gümüş bu gereklilikleri mükemmel bir şekilde karşılamaktadır ve bu nedenle insanlar seçmekte özgür olduklarında evrensel olarak kabul edilen ödeme aracı olarak seçilmişlerdir.

Peki, bu durumda Bitcoin’in yeri neresidir?

İyi Para Arayışı Olarak Kriptografi Temelli Para Birimleri

Para teorisi açısından bakıldığında Bitcoin’in iyi bir para olarak nitelendirilebileceğini rahatlıkla iddia ediyorum. Bitcoin, bireysel özgürlük ve özel mülkiyet haklarına saygı göstererek, ilgili tüm katılımcıların gönüllü eylemleriyle serbest piyasadan türemiştir.

Ayrıca Bitcoin’in daha sonra gerekçeleriyle açıklayacağım şekilde regresyon teoremine uygun olduğunu ve dolayısıyla Bitcoin’in potansiyel olarak para olabilmesi için gerekli şartları sağladığını da iddia ediyorum. Hâl böyle iken kilit soru da Bitcoin’in resmî itibari para birimlerine ya da altın paraya meydan okuma ve onları geride bırakma şansının olup olmayacağıdır. Bunu daha ayrıntılı olarak sonraki başlıklar altında irdeleyeceğim, ancak öncesinde, “Bitcoin para mıdır?” sorusunu, Mises’in regresyon teoremi bağlamında Bitcoin’in regresyon zaman çizgisini harikulade bir şekilde ele alan Konrad S. Graf’ın “Bitcoin, regresyon teoreminin köken yönünün en iyi belgelenmiş tarihsel örneği olabilir” tespitini hatırlatmak istiyorum. Ayrıca, evet, Bitcoin hiçbir “fiyatı” olmadan başladı çünkü başlangıçta yalnızca tek bir varlık, yani Satoshi Nakamoto onu biliyordu, ancak hiçbir zaman “değersiz” değildi. Neden mi? Çünkü Satoshi Nakamoto ilk 50 bitcoini kazmak için elektrik bedelini ödedi. Satoshi, bu bitcoinler için, bugün dünyanın dört bir yanındaki madencilerin Bitcoin için elektrikle “ödeme” yaptığı gibi “ödeme” yaptı. Tek başına bu bile Mises’in yanlış uygulanan ve yeterince anlaşılmayan regresyon teoremi ile uyumsuzluğu iddialarını çürütmektedir.

Parada Serbest Piyasa

Bitcoin’in heyecan verici bir özelliği de miktarının 21 milyon adetle sınırlı olmasıdır. Bu sabit sınır, bir noktada (takribi 2140 yılında) Bitcoin miktarının daha fazla artmayacağı anlamına gelmektedir. Malum, eğer para miktarı sabit kalır ve ekonomi genişlerse, mal ve hizmet fiyatları düşecektir.

Bu durum para kullanıcıları ya da ekonomi için bir sorun teşkil eder mi diye soracak olursanız peşinen cevaplayayım: Hayır, hiç sorun olmaz. Fiyatlar düşse de firmalar veya tüm piyasa katılımcıları başarılı olmaya devam edebilir. Kârları, gelirler ve maliyetler arasındaki farktan kaynaklanır. Eğer mal fiyatları (nominal olarak) düşerse, firmalar sadece gelirlerinin maliyetlerini aşmaya devam ettiğinden emin olmalıdır. Tüketiciler mal fiyatlarının düştüğünü görmekten memnun olacaktır. Paraları daha değerli hâle geleceğinden nakit bakiyelerini azaltıp harcamalarını artırabilirler.

Şimdi Almak mı, Sonra Almak mı?

Ama bir dakika! Fiyatların zaman içinde düşmesi beklenirse tüketiciler mal satın almaktan kaçınmazlar mı? Bir arabanın bugün 50.000 dolar olduğunu ve bir yıl sonra sadece 40.000 dolar olacağını düşünün. Eğer arabaya şu anda ihtiyacım varsa (çünkü eskisi bozuldu), hemen yeni bir tane almam gerekir, bekleyemem. Genel cevap şudur: İnsanlar şimdi ya da sonra satın alma kararlarını indirgenmiş marjinal faydaya göre verirler. Arabayı 50.000 dolara satın almanın marjinal faydası, insanların değer skalasında sadece 40.000 dolar ödemekten daha düşüktür. Ancak 40.000 dolara satılan araba şimdi değil, bir yıl sonra satışa sunulacaktır. Bu nedenle, karar verme aşamasına gelindiğinde, insanlar bireysel zaman tercih oranlarını kullanarak bir yıl içinde 40.000 dolara satın alacakları malın marjinal faydasını dikkate alacaklardır. Daha sonra sonucu, malı şimdi 50.000 dolara satın almanın marjinal faydası ile karşılaştıracaklardır. Eğer arabayı bir yıl içinde 40.000 dolara satın almanın indirgenmiş marjinal faydası, şimdi 50.000 dolara satın almanın marjinal faydasından düşükse, insanlar şimdi satın alır. Daha yüksekse, satın alımlarını erteleyeceklerdir. Önemli olan nokta şudur: Mal fiyatlarının zaman içinde düşmesi hâlinde ekonominin durma noktasına geleceğinden korkmak için hiçbir neden yoktur. Dolayısıyla Bitcoin gibi sınırlı miktara sahip paralar gayet iyi çalışacaktır! Bırakınız insan eylesin!

Optimal Para Miktarı Üzerine

Burada temel olarak önemli bir hususun altını çizmek isterim: Bir ekonomide üretim ve istihdam artışını mümkün kılmak için para miktarının artması gerekmez. Paranın tek işlevi mübadeledir ve bu nedenle miktarındaki artış bir ekonomiyi daha zengin yapmaz ve herhangi bir sosyal fayda sağlamaz.

Para miktarındaki bir artışın yaptığı tek şey, para miktarının artmadığı bir duruma kıyasla bir para biriminin satın alma gücünü düşürmektir.

Krediye Ne Olur?

Az önce bir Bitcoin para rejiminde fiyat deflasyonu beklememiz gerektiğini öğrenmiştik. Peki bu kredi piyasasına ne yapar? Malların fiyatları düştükçe, para tutmak daha kârlı hâle gelir. Örneğin fiyatlar yılda %3 oranında düşerse, paranın satın alma gücü %3 oranında artar. Bu durumda, paramı yılda sadece %2 getirisi olan bir hazine bonosuna yatırmam. Paramdan vazgeçmemi sağlamak için borçlanıcının bana paranın satın alma gücündeki artıştan daha yüksek bir yatırım getirisi teklif etmesi gerekir. Tabii borç alanlar da borç alırken dikkatli davranacaklardır çünkü stres zamanlarında (2008’deki gibi) enflasyonist bir para politikası tarafından kurtarılmayacaklarını bilirler; Bitcoin sağ olsun, tercih ve eylemler makulleşmiştir!

Bu nedenle, sabit miktarda paranın olduğu bir ekonomide, özellikle günümüzün itibari para rejimiyle gelen borç piramidiyle karşılaştırıldığında, kredi piyasasının nispeten küçük kalması muhtemeldir. Aynı zamanda, firmaların kazançlarını muhafaza etmeleri ve finansman için öz sermaye ihraç etmeleri çok daha yaygın olacaktır. İnsanlar hayatları boyunca biriktirdikleri tasarruflarını bankalar, hükümetler ya da şirketler tarafından ihraç edilen borçlar yerine firma hisselerine yatıracaklardır. Bkz: Philipp Bagus’un Deep Freeze: Iceland's Economic Collapse adlı kitabında da açıklandığı üzere İzlanda’da bankalar kurtarılmayıp kapandıkça toplumun refahı artmıştır.

Faiz Oranına Ne Olur?

Fiyat deflasyonunun yaşandığı bir dünyada piyasa faiz oranı ne olur? Serbest bir piyasada nominal faiz oranının sıfırın altına düşemeyeceğini biliyoruz. Bunu anlamak kolaydır: Diyelim ki size yıllık -%5’ten bir yıllığına 100 dolar borç verirsem, bir yıl içinde 95 dolar geri vermeniz gerekir.

Elbette, (aklını kaçırmamış) herhangi bir borç veren bu tür bir anlaşmayı kibarca reddedecektir. Sadece nakit tutmaları daha iyi olur ve negatif faiz oranıyla borç vermezler. Burada ayrıntıya giremeyeceğim ancak basitçe serbest para piyasasında piyasa denge faiz oranının insanların zaman tercihi tarafından belirlendiğini söyleyeceğim. Zaman tercihi her zaman ve her yerde pozitiftir ve bunun tezahürü olan orijinal faiz oranı da pozitiftir. Başka bir deyişle, faiz oranı bırakın negatife düşmeyi, sıfıra bile düşemez ve düşmez.

Bitcoin Hakkındaki En Çocukça Mit

Para teorisine dair bayağı cehaletleri ile farkında olmadan devlet güzelleyen Krugman ve benzeri tiplerin ağzında sakız olmuş yeni bir söylence var: “Bitcoin bir Ponzi şemasıdır, saadet zinciridir.” Açıkçası bu söylem karşısında her gün şaşkınlığa uğruyorum çünkü hem Bitcoin’i tanımlamak için kullandıkları kavramın anlamını hem de itham ettikleri parasal teknolojiyi bilmemelerine rağmen bu pişkin tiplerin özgüvenleri ve cesaretleri inanılmaz geliyor. Ayrıca hâlâ Bitcoin’e karşı duyduğum en yaygın ithamlardan biri de suçlular, pedofiller ve teröristlerce kullanıldığı yönündeydi ancak elbette bunların hepsi defalarca çürütüldü ve bu yazıda bunlara değinmeye gerek duymuyorum. Bunun yerine, saadet zinciri veya Ponzi şeması iddiasının haklı olup olmadığına daha yakından bakacağım.

Ponzi Şeması Nedir?

Saadet zinciri ya da daha yaygın adıyla Ponzi şeması, adını yaratıcısı Charles Ponzi’den almıştır. Daha sonraki yatırımcılardan alınan paralarla daha önceki yatırımcılar için getiri sağlayan hileli bir yatırım dolandırıcılığıdır. En ünlü modern Ponzi şeması, Bernie Madoff’un yaklaşık kırk yıl boyunca işlettiği Madoff Securities’dir. İşin ilginç yanı ise Madoff’un eski NASDAQ başkanı olması ve neredeyse ABD Menkul Kıymetler ve Borsa Komisyonu’nun (SEC; Securities and Exchange Commission) başına geçecek olmasıdır.

Peki Bitcoin bir Ponzi şeması tanımına uyuyor mu? Öncelikle Ponzi şemasının tanımıyla başlayalım. SEC bunu şu şekilde tanımlıyor:

Ponzi şeması, yeni yatırımcılardan toplanan fonlarla mevcut yatırımcılara ödeme yapan bir yatırım dolandırıcılığıdır. Ponzi şeması organizatörleri genellikle paranızı yatırmayı ve çok az riskle veya hiç risk almadan yüksek getiri elde etmeyi vaat eder. Ancak birçok Ponzi şemasında, dolandırıcılar para yatırımı yapmazlar. Bunun yerine, bu düzeneği, düzeneğe daha önce yatırım yapmış olanlara ödeme yapmak için kullanırlar ve bir kısmını da kendilerine ayırabilirler. Meşru kazançları çok az olan ya da hiç olmayan Ponzi şemaları, varlıklarını sürdürebilmek için sürekli yeni para akışına ihtiyaç duyar. Yeni yatırımcı bulmak zorlaştığında ya da çok sayıda mevcut yatırımcı parasını çektiğinde, bu düzenekler çökme eğilimine girer.

SEC’e göre Ponzi şemaları aşağıdaki kriterleri yerine getirmelidir. Şimdi tüm tehlike işaretlerini Bitcoin üzerinden teker teker ele alalım:

1. Çok az riskle ya da hiç risk almadan yüksek getiri: Bitcoin’in yaratıcısı Satoshi Nakamoto, bırakın yüksek ya da tutarlı yatırım getirilerini, hiçbir zaman herhangi bir yatırım getirisi vaat etmemiştir. Aslında, Bitcoin son derece büyük volatiliteye ve sık sık %50’lik düşüşlerle yüksek riskli bir profile sahiptir.
2. Olağandışı sürekli getiriler: Bitcoin uzun yıllar boyunca getiri sağlayabilir. Getirileri yalnızca 4 yıllık pencerelerde tutarlıdır. Kısa vadede Bitcoin negatif veya sabit büyüme kaydeder.
3. Kayıtsız yatırımlar: Bitcoin, ABD’de Menkul Kıymetler ve Borsa Komisyonu (SEC; Securities and Exchange Commission), Emtia Vadeli İşlemler Komisyonu (CFTC; Commodity Futures Trading Commission) ve Vergi Dairesi (IRS; Internal Revenue Service) tarafından emtia ve mülk olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bitcoin, çoğu gelişmiş ülkede bir emtia olarak değerlendirilir ve kazançlar sermaye kazancı altında vergilendirilir.
4. Ruhsatsız tüccarlar: Çoğu kripto borsası kayıtlıdır, Müşteri Tanıma (KYC; Know Your Customer) ve Kara Para Aklamayı Önleme (AML; Anti-Money Laundering) yönergeleri gibi ilgili ülkelerin yönetmelikleriyle uyumludur. Bunun da ötesinde, birçok küresel banka, varlık yöneticisi ve emtia borsası Bitcoin’e yatırım yapma imkânı sunmaktadır.
5. Gizli ve karmaşık stratejiler: Bitcoin “gizli ve karmaşık” değil de tam tersi prensiplerle çalışır. Açık kaynaklıdır ve herkes istediği zaman hesap defterini görebilir. Değiştirmek için çoğunluğun mutabakatını gerektiren desentralize bir açık kaynaklı yazılım olarak, kodun her satırı bilinir ve hiçbir merkezî otorite bunu değiştiremez.
6. Evrak işleri ile ilgili sorunlar: Bitcoin kodu herkes tarafından, her yerde izlenebilir ve incelenebilir. Bitcoin’in işlemleri ve saklanması gerçek zamanlı olarak kolayca kanıtlanabilir ve kripto borsaları, bankalar ve emanetçiler gibi tüm aracılar artık ilgili vergi dairelerinin gözetimi altındadır.
7. Ödeme alma zorluğu: Bitcoin artık trilyon dolarlık bir varlıktır ve yüksek likiditeye sahiptir. Lisanslı bir emanetçi kuruluşunda güvenle saklanabilir, ışık hızında transfer edilebilir ve dünya çapındaki borsalar aracılığıyla herhangi bir zamanda fiat veya diğer kripto para birimlerine dönüştürülebilir.

Bitcoin’i Hedef Tahtasına Koymak

Peki, Bitcoin’in bir Ponzi şeması olduğunu kim iddia ediyor?

Tabii ki yine “önde gelen” Amerikalı ekonomist ve kendini “Bitcoin şüphecisi” olarak tanımlayan Paul Krugman bunlardan biridir. New York Times’a verdiği bir röportajda, Bitcoin’i ponzi şeması ile bir tutmuş ancak bu iddiasını kanıtlayan bir belgeyi veya tetkiki ise hiçbir zaman sunmamıştır. Daha önce de bahsettiğim gibi 2005 yılına kadar internetin ekonomi üzerindeki etkisinin faks makinesinden daha büyük olmayacağını öngörmesiyle tanınan Krugman, yani bize internetin ekonomik açıdan önemsiz olduğunu söyleyen aynı şüpheci, şimdi çok benzer bir şeyi Bitcoin için söylüyor.

Amerikalı gazeteci ve yazar David Harsanyi’ye göre ise Krugman her zaman yanılıyor ve kendisinden asla şüphe etmiyor. Krugman gibi başka kimler var? Örneğin borsada günlük işlemler yapan Dave Portnoy, 2020 yılında Bitcoin hakkında Krugman ile aynı görüşü paylaştı. Portnoy’un Bitcoin ile geçmişi oldukça tartışmalı çünkü başlarda “Bitcoin’e girdiğini” açıklamış ve Bitcoin’i satın aldığını teyit etmişti. Ancak kısa bir süre sonra 25.000 dolarlık bir kayıp yaşadığını iddia eden Portnoy, Bitcoin’den çıktığını açıkladı ve Bitcoin’in “büyük bir Ponzi şeması” olduğunu ileri sürdü. Sonraları bu konuda yanıldığını da kabul etti.

Büyük Aptal Kuramı Anlatısı

Ponzi şemasının dar tanımı Bitcoin için açıkça geçerli olmadığından, bazı insanlar daha geniş bir tanım kullanmıştır. Bitcoin’in Büyük Aptal Kuramı’na uygun olarak hareket ettiğini ileri sürmektedirler. Bu teori, insanların gereğinden fazla değer biçilmiş varlıkları “daha büyük bir aptala” satabilecekleri için fiyatların yükseldiğini savunur. Bu iddia Bitcoin yükseliş dönemlerinde kısmen geçerli olsa da, herhangi bir emtia için de aynı derecede doğrudur.

Bitcoin’in sadece bir para birimi olmadığını anlamak da önemlidir. O ayrıca bir emtiadır. Ve her emtia gibi nakit akışı yaratmaz ve yalnızca bir başkasının size ödeyeceği ya da takas edeceğiniz şey kadar değerlidir. Bu durumda, Bitcoin aslen parasal enerji olarak hizmet eder ve faydası tamamen merkezî bir taraf olmadan değer depolamak ve iletmekle ilgilidir.

Örneğin, Bitcoin’in yaratıcısı Satoshi Nakamoto bile, “bitcoinlerin temettüsü veya gelecekteki potansiyel temettüsü olmaz, bu nedenle bir hisse senedi gibi değildir. Daha çok bir koleksiyon ürünü ya da emtia gibidir.” demiştir.

Farkına varılması gereken bir diğer önemli nokta da, emtia statüsünün bir varlığı Ponzi şeması veya daha büyük aptal kuramı türü bir yatırım yapmadığıdır, çünkü benzer mantıkla altın da tam olarak bu tanıma girer. Altının kullanımının büyük çoğunluğu endüstri için değildir; serveti depolamak ve sergilemek içindir. Benzer şekilde, hiçbir nakit akışı üretmez ve yalnızca bir başkasının onun için ödeyeceği kadar değerlidir.

Aynı Tanıma Göre Dolar Bir Ponzi Şemasıdır

Eleştirmenler, Ponzi şemasının en geniş tanımına göre, tüm küresel bankacılık sisteminin bir Ponzi şeması olduğunun bir türlü farkına varamadılar.

Birincisi, itibari para yapay bir parasal varlıktır. Bir dolar sadece kâğıttan yapılmış veya bir banka defterine dijital olarak atanmış bir varlıktır. Avro ve diğer para birimleri için de aynı şey geçerlidir. Hiçbir nakit akışı ya da temettü ödemesi sağlamaz.

İkinci olarak, itibari para birimleri kısmi rezervli bankacılık sisteminde çalışır. Dolayısıyla, örneğin, insanların %20’si aynı anda paralarını bankalarından çekmeye çalışsa, bankacılık sistemi çöker. Bu aslında SEC’in bir Ponzi şeması için işaret ettiği tehlike belirtilerinden biri olan ödeme almada zorluktur.

Üçüncüsü, itibari para birimleri enflasyonist varlıklardır. Başka bir deyişle, itibari paralarınız için gelecekte asla aynı değeri alamazsınız çünkü sürekli olarak değer kaybederler. Tarihsel olarak 800 itibari para birimi kullanılmış ve bunların hepsi sıfıra gitmiştir, çünkü gerçek bir değerleri yoktur.

Muhtemelen Paul Krugman’ın ağzından çıkan tek doğru söz şuydu: “Fiat para birimlerinin temel değerleri vardır çünkü silahlı adamlar öyle olduğunu söyler.”

İronik bir şekilde, küresel bankacılık sistemi diğer tüm emtialardan daha fazla Ponzi özelliği taşımaktadır. Bitcoin, Ponzi şemasının en geniş tanımını bile altın piyasası, itibari para birimleri, güzel sanatlar ve birinci sınıf gayrimenkullerden daha fazla karşılamamaktadır. Başka bir deyişle, eğer bir şeyin tanımı nakit olmayan her varlığı içerecek kadar genişse, daha iyi bir tanıma ihtiyacınız vardır.

Son beş yılda Bitcoin’in kurumsal olarak benimsendiğini gördüğümüz yadsınamaz. İlk olarak, Fidelity emanet hizmeti ve CME Group da vadeli işlem ve opsiyon hizmeti sunmaya başladı. Ardından MassMutual ve onlarca büyük sigorta şirketi varlıklarını Bitcoin’e yatırdı. Daha sonra MicroStrategy, Square ve Tesla gibi halka arz edilmiş şirketler rezervlerinin bir kısmını ya da tamamını dolar yerine Bitcoin’e tahsis etti ve DBS Bank ve Standard Chartered Bank gibi uluslararası bankalar kendi Bitcoin brokerliklerini başlattı. Ardından Paul Tudor Jones, Stanley Druckenmiller, Bill Miller, Ray Dalio gibi Wall Street gediklileri Bitcoin satın aldı ve yükseliş görüşlerini dile getirdi. Ve tabii bir de muhteşem Michael Saylor var! Ayrıca 2021 yılında El Salvador, Bitcoin’i yasal ödeme aracı olarak ilan eden ilk ülke oldu.

Bu durumda Bitcoin şüphecileri tarihin yanlış tarafında olabilirler.

Dolayısıyla Bitcoin’i bir para birimi olarak adlandırmak konusunda da artık hiçbir tartışma olmamalıdır. Para birimi basitçe bir mübadele aracı olarak hizmet eden bir maldır, yani insanlar istedikleri mal ve hizmetler karşılığında bunu takas ederler. Farklı durumlarda, farklı mallar bu amaca hizmet eder. Mesela hapishanelerde sigara, para birimi olarak kullanılır. İlk Amerikan kolonilerinde de tütün bir para birimiydi. Bitcoinler ise dünyanın dört bir yanındaki binlerce insan için internet üzerinden bir mübadele aracı olarak kullanılıyor.

Şimdi, bunun “sağlam” bir para birimi olup olmadığı tamamen farklı bir sorudur. Bu yargıya varabilmek için öncelikle para birimlerini sağlam ya da sağlam olmayan olarak belirleyen özellikleri anlamamız gerekir. Altın ve gümüşü tekrar ele alalım: Tarih boyunca bir mübadele aracı olarak varlıklarını sürdürmüşlerdir ve bu tesadüfi değildir. Arzu edilen özelliklere sahiptirler. Sağlam bir para biriminin zaman içinde değerli kalması, sınırlı bir arza sahip olması, kolayca bölünebilir ve taşınabilir olması gerekir. Bu özelliklerden herhangi biri eksikse, özellikle de rekabete tâbi ise, böyle bir para biriminin uzun vadede yaşayabilirliğini sorgulamak gayet makuldür. Hatta bu nedenle pek çok serbest piyasa ekonomistine “goldbug” da denmektedir ki bu kişiler itibari paranın, alternatiflerine kıyasla büyük kusurlarını tespit edebilen kişilerdir.

Bitcoin, tamamen dijital olmasına rağmen, şeffaflık konusunda taviz vermez, herkes tarafından incelenebilir. Bitcoinler inanılmaz derecede taşınabilirdir; dünyanın herhangi bir yerine anında, neredeyse hiçbir ücret ödemeksizin veya çok göz ardı edilebilir bedellerle gönderilebilirler. Bir Bitcoin, yüz milyonda bire denk gelecek birimlerine kadar zahmetsizce bölünebilirler, yani 1 Bitcoin = 100.000.000 Satoshi diyebiliyoruz. Arzları kesinlikle sınırlıdır, hatta altından bile daha kısıtlıdır: Sadece 21.000.000 Bitcoin var olacaktır ve bu da değiştirilemez kodun içinde yazılıdır. Öte yandan değeri hakkında konuşmak gerekir. Vahşi fiyat dalgalanmaları yaşadığımız bu ilk evrelerinde, zaman içinde değerlerini koruyacaklarını söylemek doğru olur mu? Bu soruyu yanıtlamak için öncelikle “içsel değer” diye bir şeyin olmadığını anlamamız gerekiyor. Evrendeki hiçbir mal özünde değerli değildir, tıpkı herhangi bir yiyeceğin özünde lezzetli olmaması gibi. Değer, tanımı gereği tamamen subjektiftir (özneldir). Bir malın amaçlarımızı tatmin etme kabiliyetine ilişkin bir değerlendirmedir ve bu tür değerlendirmeleri yalnızca öznel bireyler yapabilir. Altın ve gümüş, moleküler yapılarında değer içerdikleri için değil, amaçlarımızı tatmin etme kabiliyetleri nedeniyle daima değerli görülmüştür.

İnsanlar bir para biriminin “içsel değerinden” bahsederken genellikle şöyle bir şeyi kastederler: “Parasal olmayan bir kullanımı vardır.” Örneğin insanlar altını bir mübadele aracı olarak kabul etmeselerdi, onu mücevher olarak takabilir ya da eritip elektronik cihazlarda kullanabilirlerdi. Eleştirmenlerin Bitcoin’in başarısız olmaya mahkûm olduğunu iddia etmelerinin nedeni budur. Bitcoin ile bir başkasına göndermekten başka bir şey “yapamazsınız”. Bu eleştiriyle ilgili iki sorun var: Birincisi, para birimlerinin parasal olmayan bir kullanıma sahip olması mantıksal bir gereklilik değildir; ikincisi, durum böyle olsa bile, bitcoinlerin gerçekten de parasal olmayan bir kullanımı vardır. Burada para birimi olarak “Bitcoin” ile desentralize bir bilgisayar ağı üzerinde çalışan bir yazılım olarak “Bitcoin” arasında bir ayrım yapmak faydalı olacaktır.

Dünyanın herhangi bir yerinde, herhangi bir para birimi arasında, güvenli bir şekilde, neredeyse hiçbir maliyet olmadan ve bankalar gibi aracılara güvenmeden anında para taşımanıza olanak tanıyan bir ödeme sistemi olduğunu hayal edin. Şimdi bu sistemin bu işlemlere aracılık etmek için yalnızca bir para birimini kabul ettiğini düşünün. Elbette bu para biriminin bir değeri olacaktır ve buna karşılık bu para biriminin her bir biriminin de bir değeri olacaktır. İşte bu ödeme sistemi Bitcoin yazılımını çalıştıran Bitcoin ağıdır ve kullandığı para birimi de bitcoinlerdir (ve bu para biriminin yüz milyonda birlik parçaları olan Satoshilerdir). Bitcoin (yazılım, ödeme sistemi ve ağ) bir değere sahip olduğu için bitcoinlerin (para birimi) de bir değeri vardır. Bununla birlikte, her bir Bitcoin’in diğer para birimlerine göre nominal fiyatının ne olması gerektiğini bildiğimiz söylenemez. Bir Bitcoin’in değeri 10 dolar mı olmalı, 1000 dolar mı, 100.000 dolar mı? Bunu bilmiyoruz ancak bu belirsizliği anlamanın tek yolu piyasadır, yani insan eylemi ve subjektif değerin özgürlüğüdür. Her an vuku bulan volatilite bir piyasa dinamiğidir ve Bitcoin’in kaç ABD doları olduğundan her an emin olmamız mümkün değildir, bu nedenle aralarında uygun bir döviz kuru belirlemek de kolay bir iş değildir. Spekülatörler de piyasaya hücum edince bir dizi ani yükseliş ve düşüş meydana gelmiş ve gelmektedir. Ancak bu kimseyi şaşırtmamalıdır. Bitcoin’in aşağıdaki matematiksel işlemde sağlama alınan temel özelliklerinden hiçbiri değişmemektedir.

Piyasanın gelecekte para birimi olarak neyi seçeceğini bilemeyiz, çünkü bu tamamen insanların değerlerine bağlıdır. Bırakın Bitcoin’i, insanların ABD dolarına değer vermeye devam edip etmeyeceğini dahi bilemeyiz. Ancak Bitcoin’in altın ve gümüşü başarılı para birimleri hâline getiren bazı temel özelliklere sahip olduğunu ve hatta bazı kategorilerde bu rakiplerinden daha iyi performans gösterdiğini biliyoruz. (Bitcoin’in 2024’teki blok ödül yarılanması, stok-akış oranı konusunda altının 6000 yıllık mutlak üstünlüğünü ekarte edecektir.)

Artık insanların Bitcoin’i bir para birimi olarak kabul edip etmeyeceği bir sorgulama konusu değildir. Zaten kabul ediyorlar ve topluluk giderek büyüyor. Asıl soru şu: Bitcoinler gelecekte de değerli olmaya devam edecek mi? Bitcoinler kesinlikle çürümeyecek ya da arz hiperenflasyona maruz kalmayacak olsa da bu özellikler değerlenmeye devam edecek mi? Tek uygun yanıt şu olsa gerek: Kesinlikle!

Bitcoin’e Değerini Veren Nedir?

Bitcoin’e karşı çıkmak için Mises’in çalışmalarını kullananlar tekrar düşünmelidir.

Bitcoin’i hiç kullanmamış pek çok kişi ona kafa karışıklığıyla bakıyor. Bu büyüleyici internet parasının neden bir değeri var ki? Bu sadece birilerinin uydurduğu bir bilgisayar şeyi değil mi ki? Onlarca yıldır sağlam paranın somut, sert ve bağımsız olarak değerli bir şeyle desteklenmesi gerektiği fikrini savunan goldbug’ların eleştirilerini düşünün. Bitcoin bu niteliklere sahip görünmüyor, değil mi? Belki de sahiptir. Daha yakından bakalım.

Bitcoin ilk olarak 15 yıl önce ulusal bazlı, devlet tarafından yönetilen paraya muhtemel bir rakip olarak ortaya çıktı. Satoshi Nakamoto’nun teknik makalesi 31 Ekim 2008’de yayınlandı. Bu belgenin yapısı ve dili şu mesajı veriyordu: Bu para birimi bilgisayar teknisyenlerine yöneliktir, ekonomistlere ya da siyasi uzmanlara değil. Makalenin dolaşımı sınırlıydı; onu okuyan acemiler şaşkınlığa uğradı. Ancak ilgisizlik tarihin ilerlemesini durdurmadı. İki ay sonra, dikkatini verenler, Nakamoto’nun, onu barındırmak isteyen dünyadaki herhangi bir bilgisayar düğümünde yaşayan dağıtık bir defter kavramı aracılığıyla üretilen ilk Bitcoin grubu olan “Genesis Blok”un ortaya çıkışını gördü.

Aradan 15 yıl geçti ve tek bir Bitcoin şu an 44.000 dolardan işlem görüyor ve coin başına 68.000 dolara kadar yükseldiğini de gördük (bu makalenin ilk kez Bitcoin’in 15. yaş günü olan 3 Ocak 2024’te yayınlandığını göz önünde bulundurunuz). Bitcoin para birimi hem çevrim içi hem de çevrim dışı binlerce kurum tarafından kabul edilmektedir. Bitcoin’in ödeme sistemi, geniş bankacılık altyapıları olmayan yoksul ülkelerde olduğu kadar gelişmiş ülkelerde de çok popüler. Federal Rezerv, OECD, Dünya Bankası ve büyük yatırım kuruluşları da dâhil olmak üzere başlıca kurumlar da bu paraya büyük ilgi gösteriyor.

Her ülkede sayıları azımsanmayacak kadar çok olan Bitcoin tutkunları, arzının kesinlikle sınırlı olması ve devlet parasından çok daha üstün bir sistem sunması nedeniyle gelecekte mübadele değerinin aya doğru yükseleceğini söylüyor. Tekrar etmek gerekirse, Bitcoin, üçüncü bir taraf olmadan bireyler arasında transfer edilir; hangi miktarda takas edilmek istenirse istensin neredeyse maliyetsizdir; öngörülebilir bir arzı vardır; dayanıklıdır, pazarlanabilirdir ve bölünebilirdir. İşte bunlar paranın tüm önemli özellikleridir. Merkez bankaları ve hükümetlerden azade, güvene ve kimliğe dayalı olmayan bir parasal sistem yaratır. Dijital çağ için yeni bir sistemdir.

Sağlam Para için Sağlam Dersler

“Sağlam para” geleneğinde eğitim almış olanlar için bu fikir ciddi bir meydan okuma olmuştur. Kendi adıma konuşacak olursam, Bitcoin’i anlamaya yaklaşmadan önce bir yıl boyunca Bitcoin hakkında okumalara gömülmüştüm. Bu fikrin tamamında beni rahatsız eden bir şeyler vardı: “Hiç yoktan para kazanamazsınız, hele bilgisayar kodundan hiç kazanamazsınız. Peki öyleyse neden bir değeri vardı? Yanlış bir şeyler olmalı.”

Paranın bu şekilde reforme edilmesini beklemiyorduk. İşte sorun burada: Beklentilerimiz. Ludwig von Mises’in paranın kökenine ilişkin teorisine daha fazla dikkat etmeliydik, yani onun yazdığını düşündüğümüz şeylere değil, aslında yazdıklarına.

Mises 1912 yılında The Theory of Money and Credit’i yayınladı. Almanca olarak yayınlandığında Avrupa’da büyük bir yankı uyandırdı ve derhâl İngilizceye çevrildi. Paranın her yönünü ele alsa da temel katkısı paranın değerini ve fiyatını -sadece paranın kendisini değil- kökenlerine kadar takip etmesiydi. Yani, paranın elde ettiği mal ve hizmetler açısından fiyatını nasıl edindiğini açıkladı. Daha sonra bu süreci “Regresyon Teoremi” olarak adlandırdı ve günümüzde ortaya çıktığı üzere Bitcoin, teoremin her koşulunu yerine getirmekteydi.

Mises’in hocası Carl Menger, paranın kendisinin devletten ya da toplumsal sözleşmeden değil, piyasadan kaynaklandığını göstermiştir. Para, girişimci insanların dolaylı mübadele için ideal bir meta biçimi aramasıyla yavaş yavaş kendiliğinden ortaya çıkar. Artık insanlar sadece mallarını birbirleriyle takas etmek yerine, tüketecekleri değil de ticaretini yapacakları bir mal edinmişlerdir. Bu mal, en pazarlanabilir meta olan para hâline gelir. Ancak Mises, paranın değerinin zaman içinde geriye doğru, takas edilen bir meta olduğu dönemdeki değerine kadar uzandığını da eklemiştir. Mises, paranın ancak bu şekilde bir değere sahip olabileceğini söylemiştir.

Paranın değeri teorisi, paranın nesnel mübadele değerini ancak paranın değeri olmaktan çıktığı ve sadece bir metanın değeri hâline geldiği noktaya kadar izleyebilir. ... Bu şekilde sürekli olarak daha da geriye gidersek, sonunda paranın nesnel mübadele değerinde, paranın ortak bir mübadele aracı olarak işlevine dayanan değerlemelerden kaynaklanan herhangi bir bileşen bulamadığımız bir noktaya varmamız gerekir; burada paranın değeri, para olmaktan başka bir şekilde yararlı olan bir nesnenin değerinden başka bir şey değildir. ... Kişisel tüketim için değil, sadece gerçekten istenen mallarla tekrar değiştirmek için piyasada mal edinmek olağan hâle gelmeden önce, her bir meta sadece doğrudan faydasına ve kullanışlılığına dayanan subjektif değerlemeler tarafından verilen değerle tanımlanıyor ve kabul ediliyordu.

Mises’in açıklaması, iktisatçıları uzun süredir şaşırtan önemli bir sorunu çözmüştü. Bu, varsayımsal bir tarih anlatısıdır ve yine de mükemmel bir anlam teşkil etmektedir. Aksi takdirde tuz tamamen yararsız olsaydı para olur muydu? Kunduz postları giyim için yararlı olmasaydı parasal değer kazanır mıydı? Önceden meta olarak hiçbir değerleri olmasaydı gümüş ya da altın para değerine sahip olur muydu? Parasal tarihin tüm örneklerinde cevap açıkça hayırdır. Paranın ilk değeri, para olarak yaygın bir şekilde alınıp satılmaya başlamadan önce, doğrudan faydasından kaynaklanır. Bu, tarihsel yeniden yapılandırma yoluyla ortaya konan bir açıklamadır. Bu, Mises’in regresyon teoremidir.

Bitcoin’in Kullanım Değeri

İlk bakışta Bitcoin bir istisna gibi görünebilir. Bir Bitcoin’i para dışında başka bir şey için kullanamazsınız (yaratıcısının teknik makalesinde de safi bir mübadele aracı olmak üzere tasarlandığının altı çizilmiştir). Üzerinize giyemezsiniz. Ondan bir makine yapamazsınız. Onu yiyemezsiniz, hatta onunla süslenemezsiniz. Değeri yalnızca dolaylı mübadeleyi kolaylaştıran bir birim olarak anlaşılır. Yine de Bitcoin zaten paradır. Her gün kullanılmaktadır. Tüm mübadeleleri gerçek zamanlı olarak görebilirsiniz; bu bir efsane değil. Piyasanın en somut ve doğal hâli olarak karşımızda durmaktadır.

Seçim yapmak zorundaymışız gibi görünebilir. Mises yanılıyor mu? Belki de tüm teorisini çöpe atmalıyız. Ya da belki de söyledikleri tamamen tarihseldir ve dijital çağın geleceği için geçerli değildir. Ya da belki de regresyon teoremi Bitcoin’in kalıcılık gücü olmayan boş bir çılgınlık olduğunun kanıtıdır, çünkü kullanışlı bir emtia olma değerine indirgenmesi mümkün değildir. Yine de, Bitcoin’i çevreleyen telaş duygusunu anlamak için karmaşık para teorisine başvurmak zorunda değilsiniz. Birçok insan, birkaç sene önceki ben gibi, fiziksel hiçbir temeli olmayan bir paradan tedirginlik duyuyor. Elbette, bir Bitcoin’i bir kâğıda yazdırabilirsiniz, ancak QR kodu veya açık anahtarı olan bir kâğıda sahip olmak bu tedirginlik duygusunu hafifletmek için yeterli değildir.

Bu sorunu nasıl çözebiliriz? Kendi zihnimde, bir yıldan uzun bir süre bu sorunla uğraştım. Kafamı karıştırdı. Mises’in görüşünün yalnızca dijital çağ öncesi için geçerli olup olmadığını merak ettim. İnternette Bitcoin’in değerinin, dönüştürüldüğü ulusal para birimleri dışında sıfır olacağı yönündeki spekülasyonları inceledim. Belki de Bitcoin’e olan talep, dolardan başka bir şeye duyulan çaresiz gereksinim nedeniyle Mises’in senaryosundaki taleplerin önüne geçmişti.

Zaman geçtikçe -ve Saifedean Ammous, Konrad Graf, Peter Surda, Parker Lewis, Pierre Rochard, Lyn Alden, Jeff Booth, Michael Goldstein’in çalışmalarını okudukça- nihayet çözüm belirdi. Kısa keseceğim ve şöyle açıklayacağım: Bitcoin hem bir ödeme sistemi hem de bir paradır. Ödeme sistemi değerin kaynağıdır, hesap birimi ise sadece bu değeri fiyat cinsinden ifade eder. Para ve ödemenin birlikteliği, Bitcoin’in en alışılmadık ve çoğu yorumcunun anlamakta güçlük çektiği özelliğidir. Hepimiz para birimini ödeme sistemlerinden ayrı olarak düşünmeye alışkınız. Bu düşünce, tarihin teknolojik sınırlamalarının bir yansımasıdır. Dolar var ve kredi kartları var. Euro var ve PayPal var. Yen var ve banka havalesi hizmetleri var. Yani her durumda para transferi üçüncü taraf hizmet sağlayıcılara dayanıyor. Bunları kullanmak için, onlarla “güven ilişkisi” denilen şeyi kurmanız gerekir; yani anlaşmayı düzenleyen kurumun ödeme yapacağınıza güvenmesi ve sizin ödemeyi alabileceğinize güvenmeniz gerekir.

Fiziksel yakınlık durumu hariç, para ve ödeme arasındaki bu uyumsuzluk her zaman bizimle olmuştur. Eğer pizza diliminiz için size bir dolar verirsem, üçüncü bir taraf yoktur. Ancak coğrafi yakınlıktan çıktığınızda ödeme sistemleri, üçüncü taraflar ve güven ilişkileri gerekli hâle gelir. İşte o zaman Visa gibi şirketler ve bankalar gibi kurumlar vazgeçilmez olur. Onlar, parasal yazılımın yapmasını istediğiniz şeyi yapmasını sağlayan uygulamalardır. Sorun şu ki, bugün sahip olduğumuz ödeme sistemleri herkesin kullanımına açık değildir. Aslında insanlığın büyük bir çoğunluğunun bu tür araçlara erişimi yok ve bu da dünyadaki yoksulluğun en önemli nedenlerinden biridir. Finansal yönden haklarından mahrum olanlar sadece yerel ticaretle sınırlı kalmakta ve dünya ile ticari ilişkilerini genişletememektedir.

Bitcoin’in geliştirilmesinin birincil olmasa da önemli bir amacı bu sorunu çözmekti. Protokol, para birimi özelliğini bir ödeme sistemiyle birlikte örmek için yola çıktı. Bu ikisi kodun kendi yapısı içinde tamamen birbirine bağlıdır. Bu bağlantı, Bitcoin’i mevcut herhangi bir ulusal para biriminden ve gerçekten de tarihteki herhangi bir para biriminden farklı kılan şeydir.

Nakamoto’nun teknik makalesinin girişindeki özeti okuyalım. Yarattığı parasal sistemde ödeme sisteminin ne kadar hayati bir kilit noktası olduğunu gözlemleyelim:

Tamamen eşler arası çalışan bir elektronik ödeme sistemi, çevrim içi ödemelerin bir finans kurumundan geçmeden, doğrudan bir taraftan diğerine gönderilmesine olanak sağlamaktadır. Dijital imzalar çözümün bir parçasıdır ancak çift harcamayı önlemek için yine de üçüncü bir tarafa güvenmek lazım ise, asıl faydalar kaybolmuş demektir. Çift harcama problemine eşler arası ağ kullanarak bir çözüm önermekteyiz. Ağ, işlemleri süregelen özet tabanlı bir iş kanıtı zincirine ekleyerek zaman damgasıyla işaretlemekte ve iş kanıtı tekrarlanmadan değiştirilemeyen bir kayıt oluşturmaktadır. En uzun zincir, sadece şahit olunan olayların sırasının kanıtı olarak hizmet etmemekte, ayrıca kendisinin en büyük işlemci gücüne sahip havuzdan geldiğinin de kanıtı olmaktadır. İşlemci gücünün çoğunluğu, ağa saldırmak için iş birliği yapmayan düğümler tarafından kontrol edildiği sürece, en uzun zinciri oluşturacak ve saldırganları geride bırakacaktır. Ağın kendisi minimal bir yapıya gereksinim duymaktadır. Mesajlar elden gelenin en iyisi temeline göre yayınlanmakta ve düğümler istedikleri zaman ağdan ayrılıp, ağ dışında kaldıkları süre içerisinde olanların kanıtı olarak en uzun iş kanıtı zincirini kabul etmek şartıyla ağa tekrar katılabilmektedirler.

Bu paragrafta son derece çarpıcı olan şey, para biriminin kendisinden bir kez bile bahsedilmemesidir. Sadece çifte harcama sorunundan (yani enflasyonist para yaratma sorunundan) bahsedilmektedir. Buradaki yenilik, mucidinin sözlerine göre bile, para değil de ödeme ağıdır. Para ya da dijital birim yalnızca ağın değerini ifade eder ve ağın değerini zaman-mekân boyunca soğuran ve taşıyan bir muhasebe aracıdır.

Bu ağa Blockchain denir (her ne kadar Satoshi Nakamoto “Timechain” demeyi tercih etmiş olsa da). Blockchain, desentralize (dağıtık) bir ağ olan dijital bulutta yaşayan bir defterdir ve herhangi bir zamanda herkes tarafından çalışırken gözlemlenebilir. Tüm kullanıcılar tarafından dikkatle denetlenmektedir. Emniyetli ve tekrarlanamayan bilgi bitlerinin bir kişiden dünyanın herhangi bir yerindeki başka bir kişiye aktarılmasına olanak tanır ve bu bilgi bitleri dijital bir mülkiyet hakkı biçimiyle güvence altına alınır. Nakamoto’nun “dijital imza” olarak adlandırdığı şey budur. Bulut tabanlı hesap defteri şeklindeki icadı, mülkiyet haklarının üçüncü taraf bir güven kurumuna bağlı olmaksızın doğrulanmasına olanak tanımaktadır.

Bitcoin Blockchain’i, Bizans Generalleri Problemi olarak da bilinen Bizans Hata Toleransı sorununu da çözmüştür. Bu, potansiyel olarak kötü niyetli aktörlerin varlığında geniş bir coğrafi aralıkta eylemi koordine etme sorunudur. Aralarında mesafe bulunan generaller habercilere güvenmek zorunda olduğundan ve bu güven de zaman ve güven gerektirdiğinden, hiçbir general diğer generalin mesajı aldığından ve onayladığından, hatta doğruluğundan bile kesinlikle emin olamaz. Herkesin erişebileceği bir defteri internete koymak bu sorunun üstesinden gelir. Defter her işlemin miktarını, zamanını ve açık adreslerini kaydeder. Bu bilgiler dünya çapında paylaşılır ve her zaman güncellenir. Defter, sistemin bütünlüğünü garanti eder ve para biriminin bir unvana sahip dijital bir mülkiyet biçimi hâline gelmesini sağlar.

Bunu anladığınızda, Bitcoin’in değer önerisinin bağlı olduğu ödeme ağına dayandığını görebilirsiniz ve işte burada Mises’in bahsettiği kullanım değerini bulabilirsiniz. Bu değer para biriminde değil, Bitcoin’in üzerinde yaşadığı parlak ve inovatif ödeme sisteminde gömülüdür. Eğer Blockchain’in bir şekilde Bitcoin’den ayrılması mümkün olsaydı (ki bu asla mümkün değildir), para biriminin değeri anında sıfıra düşerdi.

Kavram Kanıtı

Şimdi, Mises’in teorisinin Bitcoin’e nasıl uyduğunu daha iyi anlamak için bu para biriminin tarihiyle ilgili bir noktayı daha anlamanız gerekiyor. Tarihin yeniden başladığı gün olan 3 Ocak 2009’da Bitcoin’in değeri insanların gözünde tam olarak sıfırdı. Ve piyasaya sürüldükten sonra 10 ay boyunca da öyle kaldı. Tüm bu süre boyunca işlemler gerçekleşiyordu, ancak tüm bu süre boyunca sıfırın üzerinde bir değeri yoktu.

Bitcoin’in ilk ilan edilen fiyatı 5 Ekim 2009’da ortaya çıktı. Söz konusu mübadele işleminde 1 dolar, 1309,03 Bitcoin’e eşitti (o dönemde birçok kişi bu fiyatı aşırı pahalı bulmuştu). Başka bir deyişle, Bitcoin’in ilk değerlemesi bir sentin onda birinden biraz daha fazlaydı. Evet, o günlerde 100 dolar değerinde Bitcoin almış olsaydınız ve panikle satmamış olsaydınız, bugün multi-milyarder olurdunuz.

İşte sorulması gereken sorulardan önemli bir tanesi de şudur: Bitcoin’in bir piyasa değeri elde etmesine neden olacak şekilde 9 Ocak ve 5 Ekim 2009 tarihleri arasında ne oldu? Cevap, tüccarların, meraklıların, girişimcilerin, geek koleksiyoncuların ve diğerlerinin Blockchain’i deniyor olmasıydı. İşe yarayıp yaramadığını bilmek istiyorlardı. Birimleri çift harcama yapmadan transfer etti mi? Gönüllü CPU gücüne dayanan bir sistem, işlemleri doğrulamak ve onaylamak için gerçekten yeterli miydi? İş kanıtı ardından ödül olarak verilen bitcoinler doğrulama hizmetleri için ödeme olarak doğru noktaya mı düşüyordu? Hepsinden önemlisi, bu yeni sistem görünüşte imkânsız olanı, yani üçüncü bir tarafa değil de eşler arasında emniyetli bir şekilde mülkiyet unvanına dayalı bilgi parçalarını coğrafi uzamda hareket ettirmeyi gerçekten başarabildi mi?

Güven inşa etmek 10 ay sürdü ki bu güven ana akım güvenden tamamıyla farklıydı. Bitcoin’in ABD doları ile eşit seviyeye ulaşması ise 18 ay daha sürdü. Özellikle de Mises’in regresyon teoreminde olduğu gibi paranın tarih öncesine ilişkin spekülasyonlar yapan bir paranın kökeni teorisine güveniyorsanız, Bitcoin’in bu tarihçesini anlamak çok önemlidir. Bitcoin her zaman değeri olan bir para değildi. Bir zamanlar bir deftere bağlı saf bir muhasebe birimiydi. Bu defter, Mises’in “kullanım değeri” dediği şeyi elde etti. Böylece teoremin tüm gerekliliklerini karşılamış oldu.

Sonuç

Tekrar gözden geçirmek gerekirse, Bitcoin’in havadan başka bir şeye dayanmadığını, somut bir emtia olarak gerçek bir geçmişe sahip olmadığı için para olamayacağını söyleyen biri varsa ve bu kişi acemi ya da yüksek eğitimli bir ekonomist olsa da, ona karşı şu iki temel argümanı ortaya koymanız gerekir: Birincisi, Bitcoin tek başına bir para birimi değil, yenilikçi bir ödeme ağına bağlı bir muhasebe birimidir; ikincisi, bu ağ ve dolayısıyla Bitcoin, piyasa değerini ancak piyasa ortamında gerçek zamanlı testlerden geçerek elde etmiştir. Başka bir deyişle, göz kamaştırıcı teknik özellikleri hesaba kattığınızda, Bitcoin tıpkı tuzdan altına kadar diğer tüm para birimlerinin yaptığı gibi ortaya çıkmıştır. İnsanlar ödeme sistemini faydalı bulmuş ve ona bağlı muhasebe birimi taşınabilir, bölünebilir, pazarlanabilir, sonsuza kadar dayanıklı ve mutlak bir şekilde kıt olmuştur.

Böylece para doğmuştur. Bu para, sağlam paranın en iyi özelliklerinin tümüne sahip olmakla birlikte, tüm dünyanın üçüncü taraflara güvenmek zorunda kalmadan ticaret yapmasını sağlayan kütlesiz ve mekânsız bir ödeme ağı da sunmaktadır. Ancak burada son derece önemli bir şeye dikkat edin. Blockchain sadece parayla ilgili değildir. Güvenlik, doğrulama ve gerçekliğin tam teminatını gerektiren her türlü bilgi transferiyle ilgilidir. Bu, eşler arası gerçekleştirilen her türlü sözleşme ve işlemle ilgilidir. İnsanoğlunun tasarladığı en tehlikeli üçüncü taraf olan Devlet’in kendisi de dâhil olmak üzere üçüncü tarafların olmadığı bir dünya düşünün. Bu geleceği hayal edin ve geleceğimizin sonuçlarını tam olarak kavramaya başlayın.

Mises çok büyük ihtimalle Bitcoin karşısında hayrete düşer ve şaşırırdı. Ama aynı zamanda 100 yıldan uzun bir süre önce ortaya koyduğu para teorisinin 21. yüzyılda doğrulanmasından ve yeni bir hayat kazanmasından da gurur duyardı.

@ bc28e497:47ee86bd

Over the past year, Chingari has emerged as a dark horse in the SocialFi field, showcasing a remarkable growth trajectory. According to the data presented, since May 2023, Chingari has experienced significant fluctuations and growth in its independent active user count (UAW), transaction volume, and number of transactions. Particularly at the beginning of 2024, Chingari witnessed several substantial increases in user activity and transaction volume, demonstrating its strong performance in the market.

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Chingari Platform Overview: Indian Innovative Short Video Social App with Impressive Incentive Mechanisms and User Growth Chingari is a popular short video social application that has quickly gained prominence in the Indian market since its launch in 2020. Similar to China’s TikTok, Chingari allows users to earn rewards by creating and sharing short video content. With its innovative features and reward mechanisms, Chingari has attracted a large number of users, forming a massive community with over 175 million current users.

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Chingari not only provides a platform to showcase talent but also incentivizes user participation in content creation through various means. Users can earn GARI tokens by watching, sharing, and creating video content. These tokens can be used to unlock special content from creators or purchase voice or video call experiences with creators. By staking idle assets in the wallet, users can also earn additional rewards. This “create and earn” and “participate and earn” mechanism greatly stimulates user enthusiasm and promotes platform activity.

Financing and Development

In just a few years, Chingari has achieved significant milestones. In 2021, Chingari raised $19 million in funding and was ranked as India’s number one social networking app in the Indian government’s “App Innovation Challenge.” In May 2022, Chingari completed a $15 million Series A expansion round of financing, providing a solid foundation for further development. In the future, Chingari plans to launch integrated beta testing and live testing of blockchain, further enriching user experience and driving the platform’s continued development.

Through these efforts, Chingari is continuously reshaping the social media landscape, providing users with better experiences and more opportunities. Chingari’s success is not only a breakthrough in technology and products but also a precise understanding of user needs and market trends. Next, we will delve into the operational strategies of Chingari and the challenges it faces in the SocialFi field.

In-depth Analysis of Chingari’s Integration with Kana Labs Paymaster: A Crucial Layout for Decentralized Social Media Innovation and Integration: Chingari’s Latest Move

On February 23, 2024, Chingari, a leading short video sharing platform in the Web3 space, announced its integration with Kana Labs Paymaster service, offering sponsored transactions covering gas fees. This move aims to further optimize user experience, lower the barrier of entry for users, and foster widespread adoption of the platform. Since its establishment in 2018, Chingari has been dedicated to empowering creators through NFT technology, providing content ownership management, and now boasts nearly 5 million daily active users with a daily video viewing count of up to 200 million.

The Significance of Paymaster Technology

Paymaster is a blockchain infrastructure that allows companies or third-party entities to store tokens for sponsoring transactions. This means that any dApp integrated with Paymaster technology can provide its users with a seamless transaction experience without the complexity of gas fees. Paymaster accounts hold various tokens used to pay for transaction fees, enabling these dApps to cover the gas fees for transactions, thus simplifying the user’s operational process.

Kana Labs’ Paymaster service is widely recognized for its efficiency and reliability and is recommended by Aptos Labs as the preferred choice for dApp integration. Chingari chose to partner with Kana Labs not only for its advantages in the multi-chain ecosystem but also for Kana Labs’ excellent performance in cross-chain solutions and smart wallet capabilities. By integrating Kana Labs Paymaster service, Chingari can effectively reduce users’ transaction costs, enhance platform scalability, and improve user satisfaction.

The Future of Decentralized Ecosystems

Chingari, initially built on the Solana network, has now migrated to the Aptos network to leverage its higher scalability and lower gas fees. This multi-chain strategy ensures Chingari’s leading position in both technological innovation and user experience. Since mid-February 2024, Chingari has sponsored over 800,000 transactions through the Kana Labs Paymaster service. This integration not only enhances the platform’s decentralized transaction management capabilities but also enables users to enjoy a more convenient Web3 experience.

In the future, as Kana Labs continues to expand its services in the multi-chain ecosystem, Chingari will be able to achieve greater market penetration and technical integration on a global scale. Through this collaboration, Chingari not only enhances its own competitiveness but also sets new benchmarks for the development of decentralized social media. This move by Chingari heralds more innovation and transformation for decentralized social platforms in the future.

Chingari’s Multi-Pronged Approach Leads to Comprehensive Improvement in User Engagement and Platform Functionality Web3 social media enthusiasts are well aware that Chingari, as a leading short video sharing platform, has gained significant influence both within and outside the Web3 community. Specifically, Chingari has made remarkable progress in several areas, making waves in the market:

Firstly, in terms of user incentives, Chingari has significantly increased user engagement through a series of reward mechanisms. For example, on May 10, 2024, Chingari announced the “Refer and Earn Leaderboard Contest” on the X platform, with a prize pool of up to $100,000 in GARI tokens. This initiative encourages users to refer new users and stay active on the platform, with referrers earning 100 $GARI for each successful referral and referees earning 50 $GARI. This initiative not only promotes user growth but also enhances community interaction.

In terms of platform operations, Chingari has adopted a strategy of regularly burning GARI tokens to control token supply and increase their scarcity. On May 13, 2024, Chingari announced the successful burning of 500,000 GARI tokens, worth approximately $11,000, reducing the total supply by 1.61%. This burning mechanism effectively enhances token value and boosts user confidence in the platform’s long-term development.

Additionally, Chingari has introduced several advanced trading tools, enhancing the user trading experience. On May 30, 2024, the platform launched DEX aggregation functionality, providing better trading options through Raydium and Meteor. Meanwhile, users can utilize limit orders and Dollar-Cost Averaging (DCA) automated investment strategies to better control their trading and investment plans. By staking GARI tokens, users not only gain voting rights but also participate in platform governance, voting on proposals, thereby enhancing their involvement in platform decisions.

To further enhance user experience and platform functionality, Chingari plans to launch perpetual contract trading using Drift.trade and Raydium liquidity on July 5, 2024. Additionally, users can borrow other cryptocurrencies using GARI or SOL tokens as collateral until July 30, 2024, unlocking more liquidity and improving asset utilization efficiency.

Overall, through these strategies and feature innovations, Chingari has not only successfully expanded its user base and platform functionality diversity but also demonstrated its forward-looking layout and innovative spirit in the Web3 social media field. However, despite these measures showing strong growth potential, future market changes and user demands remain uncertain. Whether Chingari can maintain its leading position in the fierce competition in the future remains to be seen.

@ fec1f0c9:25ee63f5

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 20
• 🍳 Cook time: 10-14 days
• 🍽️ Servings: 8

Ingredients

• 1 SCOBY (Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast)
• 1 cup of sugar
• 8 bags of black or green tea
• 1 gallon of filtered water

Directions

1. Prepare the sweet tea: Bring 4 cups of water to a boil in a large pot. Remove the pot from heat and add the tea bags and sugar, stirring until the sugar is completely dissolved. Let the tea steep for about 10-15 minutes, then remove the tea bags.
2. Cool Down the Tea: Add the remaining 4 cups of filtered water to the pot to cool down the tea mixture. You want the tea to be at room temperature before proceeding.
3. Transfer to Fermentation Jar: Pour the sweet tea into your clean fermentation jar. Add Starter Tea and SCOBY: Gently pour the starter tea into the jar, ensuring it's mixed well with the sweet tea. Carefully place the SCOBY on top of the tea. It may sink or float, both are okay.
4. 1. Cover and Ferment: Cover the jar with a cloth or paper towel, securing it with a rubber band. This allows airflow while keeping out contaminants. Place the jar in a warm, dark area, ideally between 75-85°F (24-29°C), and let it ferment undisturbed for 7-14 days. The longer you ferment, the more tart and less sweet your kombucha will become.
5. Tasting for Readiness: After 7 days, begin tasting your kombucha using a straw or non-metal spoon. It should be slightly tangy but still slightly sweet. If it's too sweet, let it ferment longer; if it's too sour, ferment for less time next batch.
6. Bottling: Once the kombucha reaches your desired taste, carefully remove the SCOBY and set it aside in a clean container with some of the kombucha (this will be your starter for the next batch). Use a funnel to pour the kombucha into clean bottles, leaving about an inch of headspace at the top. If desired, now is the time to add flavorings (see below). Tightly seal the bottles.
7. Second Fermentation (Optional): If you prefer fizzy kombucha, let the sealed bottles sit at room temperature for 1-3 days for a second fermentation. This will build up carbonation. Keep an eye on the pressure, as over-fermentation can cause bottles to explode.
8. Refrigerate and Enjoy: Once the second fermentation is complete (if you did it), move the bottles to the refrigerator to chill. Your kombucha is now ready to drink!
9. Flavoring (Optional): Add your preferred flavorings while bottling, before the second fermentation. Check my account for specific flavor recipes (the possibilities are endless).

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

I'm starting off my NBA post mortem series with the Thunder, because they're a favorite of the largely Canadian audience here and because I think they have one of the simpler roads ahead.

Young Team, Open Window

As with our final four, it's odd for such a young team to be legitimately near contending for a title, but they clearly are. Titles are won by top 5 players with good injury luck and OKC had both.

I whole-heartedly agree with the criticism Richard Jefferson expressed about how they blew their opportunity this year, by not doing more at the trade deadline. They already have too many good young players, so what's the point of keeping that hoard of draft picks?

Would they have been more competitive with Alex Caruso, Mikal Bridges, or Daniel Gafford? They had the resources to get any of them.

However, the advantage of going into the playoffs with the guys they had is that they learned a lot about what needs to change: Chet's too small and Giddy ain't it.

They are really onto something, though, and the core of SGA, Chet, and Dort is a great starting point.

Roadmap

OKC has sufficient cap space and trade assets to basically do whatever they want. I think the core considerations are culture fit and complementarity with SGA and Chet. For that reason, I think most star players should be off their board, although a reunion with Paul George might make sense.

I heard Lauri Markkanen floated as the perfect fit and that makes a lot of sense. He should be available and he's a good rebounder who won't clog the paint. He's also not such a big star that they need to worry about his ego.

Other than that, everyone can always use more shooting. I'd look into acquiring Duncan Robinson from the Heat. He's as dangerous of a shooter as there is and he's a great teammate and his length gives him positional versatility.

How does this look for next year's playoff team?

C: Chet F: Lauri F: Duncan G: Dort G: SGA

Who should I cover next?

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

After a thrilling 2nd round, we have our final 4: Boston, Indiana, Dallas, and Minnesota.

One remarkable thing about this is that the best player on each of these teams is 25 or younger. Normally, elite players don't lead their teams to a title until they're at least 27, so one of these guys will join a rare class of young players who led a title team.

Another remarkable thing is that it's not like the league is bereft of talent.

Who's Missing?

The past 3 MVP's 1. Jokic 2. Giannis 3. Embiid

The All-Time Greats 1. Lebron 2. Steph 3. KD 4. Kawhi 5. Butler

My hat's off to these legends for holding on so long, but I think we need to accept that their time has passed. The league now belongs to the younger generation, although I expect Jokic to be in the mix for the foreseeable future.

What do you all think?

Can the 30+ generation of players still lead a title contender or do they need to get in where they fit in?

I'll have a series of post mortems for most of these teams where we can really get into what direction they should be going.

@ f954303f:6e1b0af5

六四即将35周年，你如何评价刘晓波及他的”中国需要被殖民300年”？你赞同全盘西化吗？

如题。

以下摘自维基百科刘晓波词条：

1988年11月，香港《解放月报》（现《开放杂志》[163]）主编金钟采访刘晓波：“你如此反传统，是否同意全盘西化？”刘晓波回应：“我认为现代化是至明真理：私有制、民主政治、言论自由、法律至上。这是无可争议的，中国不存在理论问题，只有政策问题。全盘西化就是人化、现代化。选择西化就是要过人的生活，西化与中国制度的区别就是人与非人的区别。换言之，要过人的生活就要选择全盘西化，没有和稀泥及调和的馀地。我把西化叫做国际化、世界化，因为只有西化，人性才能充分发挥，这不是一个民族的选择，而是人类的选择。所以，我很讨厌‘民族性”’这个词。中国就讲不清什么是‘中国特色’。”对于金钟问，“什么条件下，中国才有可能实现一个真正的（香港式）历史变革”的问题，刘晓波回答：“三百年殖民地。香港一百年殖民地变成今天这样，中国那么大，当然需要三百年殖民地，才会变成今年香港这样，三百年够不够，我还有怀疑。”当金钟指出其“十足的‘卖国主义’”做提问时，刘晓波回应：“我引用马克思《共产党宣言》的一句话：‘工人没祖国，决不能剥夺他们所没有的东西。’你要说我叛国，我就叛国！就承认自己是挖祖坟的不孝子孙，且以此为荣。”尔后他的“三百年殖民地”言论被新华社用来批判他的“卖国主义”，民间亦对此有所批评。[164][165]西方哲学家研究中国哲学的全盘西化派别时，提到了刘晓波及他这一番言论是这派别里言辞最尖锐者。[166]

View Poll (https://www.reddit.com/poll/1cym6vo)

submitted by /u/HKTong (https://www.reddit.com/user/HKTong)

[link] (https://www.reddit.com/r/China_irl/comments/1cym6vo/六四即将35周年你如何评价刘晓波及他的中国需要被殖民300年你赞同全盘西化吗/)[comments] (https://www.reddit.com/r/China_irl/comments/1cym6vo/六四即将35周年你如何评价刘晓波及他的中国需要被殖民300年你赞同全盘西化吗/)

#China_irl

https://www.reddit.com/r/China_irl/comments/1cym6vo/六四即将35周年你如何评价刘晓波及他的中国需要被殖民300年你赞同全盘西化吗/

@ 3842def1:e2855211

Chef's notes

Next Level Quick and Delicious. Dive into a bowl of sheer delight with our Classic Macaroni and Cheese! Each forkful of our creamy, decadent macaroni is enveloped in a rich, velvety sauce crafted from the finest sharp cheddar and Parmesan cheeses. The perfect blend of spices, including a hint of paprika and garlic, adds a subtle warmth that enhances the cheese's deep, satisfying flavors without overpowering them.

This dish isn't just food; it's a comforting embrace in edible form. Prepare it effortlessly with minimal prep and cook time, making it the perfect solution for a hearty family dinner or a cozy night in. For an added touch of indulgence, top it off with golden, crispy breadcrumbs, baked to perfection, offering a delightful contrast of textures.

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 15 min
• 🍳 Cook time: 20 min

Ingredients

• 8 ounces macaroni pasta
• 2 cups shredded sharp cheddar cheese
• 1/2 cup grated Parmesan cheese
• 3 cups milk
• 1/4 cup butter
• 2 1/2 tablespoons all-purpose flour
• 1/2 teaspoon salt
• 1/2 teaspoon black pepper
• 1/2 teaspoon paprika
• 1/2 teaspoon garlic powder
• 1/2 cup breadcrumbs (optional for topping)

Directions

1. Preheat your oven to 350 degrees F (175 degrees C) if you plan to bake the macaroni with a breadcrumb topping.
2. Cook the macaroni according to the package instructions until al dente, then drain and set aside.
3. In a saucepan, melt the butter over medium heat. Stir in the flour and keep stirring for about 1 minute to form a roux or in other words the foundation of flavor.
4. Gradually add the milk to the roux while continuously stirring to prevent lumps. Cook until the sauce thickens.
5. Reduce the heat and add the shredded cheddar cheese, Parmesan cheese, salt, pepper, paprika, and garlic powder. Stir until the cheese is melted and the sauce is smooth.
6. Combine the cooked macaroni and cheese sauce in a large bowl, mixing well.
7. (Optional) For a baked version, pour the macaroni mixture into a greased baking dish. Sprinkle breadcrumbs over the top and bake for 20 minutes, or until the top is golden brown.
8. Serve hot and enjoy your creamy, comforting macaroni and cheese!

@ 000002de:c05780a7

Fees are back up :)

@ 63b027f6:2c043172

In a clearing in the forest there lived a group of pigs. They had built a thriving town out of sticks, in which they attended to their own tasks and lived prosperously. Every pig had stacks of sticks outside her dwelling, and while these structures ranged from the big and extravagant to the small and humble, each was serviceable, sturdy, and adequate for the needs of its inhabitants. Anything a pig needed, he merely traded for sticks. In return for his own special work, a pig elsewhere in the town would exchange as many sticks as needed. Sticks were wonderfully useful: a fire to keep a pig warm, a tool to save a pig time, even an inheritance to secure a pig’s future–everyone was happy to trade for them.

It came about that hungry wolf descended on the town one day. Atop the wooden gate, bristling with pointy sticks, a number of pigs noticed his approach and barred his path.

He called to them, “Little pigs, little pigs, let me come in.”

“Never,” replied the pigs, who could see his violent greed, “not by the hair on our chinny-chin-chins!”

The wolf said, “Then I’ll huff, and I’ll puff,” and he began to contort grotesquely as he alternated inflating and deflating, ratcheting ever more air into his lungs. At last he reached the point of bursting, whereupon he let loose a violent gale of thunderous power against the pigs and their town. The pigs, however, had engineered the walls out of strongest sticks they could find; each stake was securely anchored and the wolf’s attack was rebuffed.

Panting, the wolf dragged himself away from the walls, burning with shame at the jeers of the pigs. He retreated to the forest and observed the pigs while contemplating his next move.

The wolf prowled the forest, and whenever a pig came to harvest sticks for the town, the wolf chased her off and kept the sticks for himself. Now at first this nuisance did not concern the pigs in the town, because they had plenty of sticks to trade amongst themselves, and many reserves and savings from so many years of plenty before the arrival of the wolf.

But sure enough, over time the sticks were steadily depleted. Homes needed heat, repairs needed to be made, tools broke down. While some pigs noticed what the wolf was doing and started hoarding their sticks and stuffing their houses full with them, other pigs were running out of sticks to trade, and grew hungry and afraid. One night, long after the town had drifted off to slumber, some of these struggling pigs took a few sticks out of the wall surrounding the town. They quietly took their prizes back to their homes and were able to trade the next day for some food.

Gradually, the strong walls that protected the pigs weakened. The wolf noticed that many points along the wall seemed to sway in the wind, and the pigs, whom he had previously observed to be tranquil and cooperative, fought with each other frequently and argued over whose responsibility it was to keep the walls strong. Each day sticks would disappear from the wall as more and more pigs grew desperate in the town. One day the wolf returned to the gate and demanded, “Little pigs, little pigs, let me in!” There were only a handful of guards now, and the once-mighty gate they stood on looked rickety and poor. One pig’s small voice quavered, “N–nn–never, not by the h-hair on my ch-ch-chinny-chin-ch-chin.”

The wolf huffed, and puffed, and blew the gate in. This time he splintered the whole structure, sending hapless pigs and broken sticks everywhere in a tremendous cloud of dust and debris. The wolf’s silent frame–a black shadow of terror–stalked through the haze and entered the defenceless city. The wolf rampaged in a frenzy of destruction. When he had eaten his fill, the wolf departed and for many years was not seen. What remained of the city struggled, and suffered, and vowed to never let this happen again.

After many years of wandering the world, the wolf became hungry again. He thought back to the great feast at the stick town and decided to return. When he emerged from the forest to behold the wreckage still pungent in his memory, he was taken aback by the colossus that confronted him.

The pigs had built an enormous, intricate city of paper. It stretched as far as the wolf could see into the horizon and at its centre he beheld a tower of dizzying height. The city was far bigger and seemed to move faster than the stick one he remembered, with thousands of pigs bustling in every direction. Pigs in the tower printed small pieces of paper with their faces on them, other pigs traded these papers for everything else, pigs standing on corners sold bundled papers that other pigs would take to benches and stare at, pigs presented papers to other pigs when they arrived at their destinations, pigs in paper uniforms handed paper tickets to pigs breaking the rules, pigs ate at paper tables, laboured to push paper wagons, wore paper clothing, and all over the city were busied with constructing paper structures. Though many sections of the paper city seemed to the wolf to be in ruins, many more pigs were employed in building new paper districts than repairing the old.

The wolf was cautious from his humiliation at the gates last time and resolved to observe the paper metropolis before attacking. He noticed the great mass of pigs on the streets of the city looked bedraggled, shabby, and desperate, while the fattest, juiciest ones lived indolently atop the tower. He could see no defences and understood no order in the way this behemoth functioned, but the sheer size of it intimidated him and made him hesitant.

Beneath the tower was a maze-like structure that spiralled out in all directions. The Labyrinth seemed to give the pigs atop the tower no end of pleasure and pride–the paper maze contained thousands of beaten-down pigs at any given time, all waiting for their chance to get to the middle and have their concerns heard at the tower. A pastime among the ruling pigs was to look down on the great line of peons snaking its way through the maze and delight in the despair with which some proportion of the pilgrims would inevitably quit, slouching back to the beginning with shoulders bowed. “Another satisfied customer,” went the joke.

Mad with hunger and past the point of caution, the wolf stormed into the unguarded city and made his way to the Labyrinth. He stepped brazenly into the maze, where he saw an endless line of huddled bodies whimpering against the support of the wall–a pathetic papier-mâché which was sagging and splitting under their weight. A smile of perfect disgust grimaced the wolf’s face and he stifled a rich laugh from deep within, then bellowed so that the pigs on the tower could hear, “Little pigs, let me in!” He walked up to the quivering forms of a nearby family who scattered to either side and once again puffed up his chest to a dizzying capacity, then expelled a vicious deflation that tore a great schism in the Labyrinth. The blast rippled through the maze in a straight line to the central tower. There was now a direct path from the wolf to the centre–a smoking corridor of whirling paper and small flames spreading from the edges. The pigs looked at each other, dumbfounded, and, stumbling over one another with increasing urgency, scrambled through the hole in the maze towards the great spire at the centre.

Pandemonium broke out in the tower as they watched swarms of pigs escaping the wolf surge through the holes in the labyrinth. The pigs scrambled up the walls of the spire and clogged its stairwells. The whole structure began to list and buckle under its own weight, until its supports gave out and it crashed into the maze, where the hungry wolf was waiting to devour them all. The paper city was a smouldering ruin, and the wolf feasted.

After many years of wandering the world, the wolf became hungry again. He thought back to the painfully proud pigs in the spire and chuckled as he remembered them falling into his jaws. He emerged from the forest a third time. The wolf beheld a wall of encrypted energy. He laughed, recalling his triumph over the paper Labyrinth, and pushed on the gate. To his surprise, he could not move the structure in the slightest. He snarled, and breathed in a great mass of air which he expelled forcefully against the shimmering, translucent wall, but to no avail. The wolf raged against the wall with breath, claw, and fury… but his power could not penetrate the defence. Spent, the wolf retired to a nearby embankment where he studied these pigs and their wall. He focused his attention on the top of the wall, where he noticed the bricklayers building it ever higher one block at a time. He could discern no pattern in it. For almost ten minutes nothing would happen, then suddenly a pig would have a block in her hands, her fellows nearby would raise a cheer and pat her on the back, and then she would add it to the wall. The wolf stared and perked up his ears; he noticed the pigs were all mumbling to themselves as they worked–mumbling an endless stream of numbers and gibberish. He looked closer at the pig who created the block; she kept a small amount of the energy for herself, which clearly was valuable by the way she protected it in her pocket, patting it and stealing glances at it when given a free moment.

Feeling hot with the embarrassment of failure, the wolf waited for nightfall and approached the wall. In a whisper no pig could hear, he started mumbling numbers himself, and to his amazement, a partial blob of flickering energy appeared in his hand, too. As he kept whispering, the block became more solid and real and took on weight, until suddenly it snapped out of existence completely and he heard the familiar cheer at the top of the wall.

He tried again, and this time concentrated all his attention on the stream of values. As the block formed in his hand, he realised he could shape it; he could imagine it and the energy would start to take on the form of a ladder that could hold his weight. He began building a ladder out of the energy, but before long it would wink out of existence and the wall would become a bit higher. Puzzled by this, he tried several more times, growing increasingly irritated when each taste of success evaporated into nothingness without warning.

The next morning the wolf went out into the forest and recruited. A mixture of greed, threat, and coercion was needed, but eventually he rounded up a number of lesser forest predators to join him at the base of the wall. They all started mumbling numbers, despite feeling a bit ridiculous, but they grew in intensity and excitement as they witnessed the shimmering ladder take shape before their eyes. They started dreaming of the feast that lay in wait for them on the other side of the wall, and their mumbling became a buzzing hum of anticipation.

The pigs at the top of the wall took notice that their construction had slowed down significantly, and called up more from inside the city to join. The wolf’s ladder was growing, and more pigs appeared at the top to speed up the construction of the wall. The ladder and the wall both grew rapidly–the wolf would inch closer and the pigs would build higher. But after about a fortnight, and despite the frenzy of the life-and-death struggle, the pace of new energy had slowed down to only a few bursts every hour, the way it had been before. The wolf’s ladder was still far too short, and the pigs always seemed to be able to get a few more of themselves on top of the wall to keep guessing numbers and stay out of reach.

After a month of competing with the pigs and making little progress, enthusiasm on the wolf’s side slackened. Each morning he found fewer creatures at the base of the wall, and he was using more and more of his time to menace those that remained and keep them in line. Many among his unwilling ranks had noticed that they got to keep a small amount of the energy when they were lucky enough to add to the ladder, and the clever among them had started surreptitiously trading with the pigs when the wolf was preoccupied. When one morning the wolf saw his own creatures on top of the wall, building it higher and trading blocks with the pigs for food, water, and supplies, he let out the most terrifying tempest he had yet achieved, swirling up monstrous clouds of dust and debris at the gate of the energy city, tearing trees from their roots, obliterating his own camp and sending the ragtag remnants of his forces into a hurricane of destruction. But, when his effort subsided and he looked at the devastation he had wrought, the energy gate remained pristine and invincible, and the pigs carried on building within its safety.

Many years passed and the wolf became mangy and emaciated. He could barely summon breath anymore and commanded no respect among the pigs, who passed him freely without a care on their way in and out of the forest. He was a historical relic, a curiosity, a class trip for children: irrelevant.

@ bc28e497:47ee86bd

With the rapid development of blockchain technology, major platforms are accelerating the construction and expansion of their ecosystems. In early May, Neon significantly boosted its ecosystem capabilities and development through two key initiatives: launching the Lumen Money protocol and forming a strategic partnership with Eclipse. These moves not only strengthened Neon's market position but also brought new opportunities and functionalities to its user and developer communities.

Firstly, the launch of Lumen Money provides Neon users with a new decentralized lending platform, allowing them to borrow and lend cryptocurrencies in a trustless manner. The protocol automates the lending process through smart contracts, with interest rates determined by dynamic algorithms based on the supply and demand of various supported cryptocurrencies. Additionally, since Lumen Money is deployed on Neon EVM, it can directly access the native liquidity of the Solana ecosystem and leverage its network advantages, significantly enhancing transaction efficiency and user experience.

Secondly, the collaboration between Neon and Eclipse marks a significant breakthrough in blockchain network interoperability. This partnership successfully overcomes the compatibility barrier between EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) and SVM (Solana Virtual Machine) by integrating the mature technology suite, Neon Stack, developed by the core team at Neon EVM. This move not only enhances compatibility between EVM and SVM but also creates more possibilities for developers and users, driving the development and deployment of innovative applications.

Through these strategic initiatives, Neon not only strengthens its technical foundation but also provides its user and developer community with broader operational scope and more efficient tools. This demonstrates its firm commitment to advancing the forefront of blockchain technology and promoting ecosystem diversity. Below, we will briefly analyze the potential impact of launching the Lumen Money protocol and collaborating with Eclipse on Neon's development.

Launching Lumen Money: A Revolutionary Lending Protocol Lumen Money is a brand-new decentralized finance (DeFi) platform that offers users a trustless lending environment. The core of this platform lies in its smart contracts, which automatically handle all lending activities and adjust interest rates in real-time based on market supply and demand dynamics.

Deployed on Neon EVM, Lumen Money can seamlessly integrate into the Solana ecosystem, providing platform users with native liquidity advantages while fully leveraging Solana's network features. Utilizing the Compound Finance codebase, Lumen Money establishes a comprehensive money market, allowing Solana users to borrow and lend funds directly from its rich asset pool.

The platform employs an over-collateralized lending model, meaning borrowers need to provide assets worth more than the loan amount as collateral. This approach enhances the security of the lending process. Borrowers can deposit their crypto assets into Lumen's lending pools and earn interest on these assets. The interest rates are determined by a utilization-based rate curve model, initially pioneered by Compound Finance.

To improve user experience and security, Lumen Money offers a diverse range of money market options, including popular assets like ETH, SOL, USDT, and USDC. Additionally, Lumen Money plans to gradually add more asset classes, including long-tail assets that can be utilized in isolated lending pools. The platform integrates top-tier oracle services like Pyth and Chainlink and implements time locks and multi-signature mechanisms for core contracts to ensure secure and reliable transactions.

Moreover, Lumen Money has introduced the Lumen Loyalty Points system to encourage user lending activities and platform engagement. These points reflect users' contributions to the Lumen ecosystem, with a portion allocated for community airdrops and another portion used for community incentives and revenue-sharing models.

As the Neon EVM ecosystem continues to grow, Lumen Money’s participation undeniably brings broader application scenarios and deeper market engagement to the Neon platform. This not only enhances Neon’s market competitiveness but also offers its users a more diverse range of financial tools and services, showcasing Neon’s proactive stance and capability in driving blockchain financial innovation.

Neon and Eclipse Collaborate to Overcome EVM and SVM Compatibility Barriers In the rapidly evolving blockchain technology landscape, the collaboration between Neon and Eclipse marks a significant breakthrough in compatibility between two major ecosystems. Through this strategic alliance, Eclipse becomes the first platform to integrate the Neon Stack, achieving seamless compatibility between the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) and the Solana Virtual Machine (SVM). This accomplishment not only enhances the technical interoperability of the two platforms but also opens up new possibilities for developers and users, significantly advancing Web3’s penetration into the mainstream market.

Eclipse leverages its unique L2 modular design, combining Solana’s high-performance processing capabilities with Ethereum’s settlement features, to create a high-performance platform capable of handling large-scale transactions. The introduction of the Neon Stack provides crucial technical support to this structure, enabling SVM-based Eclipse to support native Ethereum dApps. This technological fusion resolves the long-standing incompatibility issue between EVM and SVM, allowing developers to deploy existing Ethereum applications on Solana without the need for extensive rewrites, while benefiting from lower transaction fees and faster processing speeds.

The Neon Stack itself is a comprehensive technological solution, including key components such as the Neon EVM smart contracts and Neon Proxy. These technologies not only simplify the process of transitioning from EVM to SVM but also enable Ethereum developers to seamlessly migrate to Solana by providing standard Web3 APIs. Additionally, the Neon Stack has been running on the Solana mainnet since July 2023, confirming its stability and efficiency.

This collaboration makes Eclipse the first platform in the market to leverage the advantages of both the Ethereum and Solana ecosystems simultaneously. Neel Somani, the founder and CEO of Eclipse Labs, stated, "Through our partnership with Neon Stack, we provide a platform for Solidity developers looking to build on high-performance Layer 2 solutions to realize their vision." This integration not only strengthens the technical collaboration between the two platforms but also provides developers with a powerful tool to expand their applications without sacrificing performance.

Davide Menegaldo, Chief Business Officer of the Neon Foundation, added, "This collaboration is not just about technical integration but also about the convergence of two powerful ecosystems, providing a seamless experience for developers and users." This technological collaboration and development signal a move towards broader applicability and acceptance of blockchain technology, offering a possible blueprint for the development of other platforms and applications within the industry.

Over the next few months, this collaborative relationship is expected to be fully realized through multiple rounds of testing and optimization. This will not only enhance interoperability for developers and users but also drive the widespread adoption of Web3 technology. Through this unprecedented technological collaboration, Neon and Eclipse are committed to building a more open, interoperable, and efficient blockchain ecosystem.

Leading the future: Innovative protocols and strategic partnerships drive a new blockchain landscape As a witness to the continuous evolution of blockchain technology, Neon has once again demonstrated its leadership in advancing the forefront of technology and expanding the ecosystem through the launch of the Lumen Money protocol and its strategic partnership with Eclipse. These initiatives not only bring technological innovation and market advantages to Neon but also open up new possibilities and opportunities for users and developer communities, potentially reshaping the way decentralized finance and application development are conducted.

However, Neon's ambitions extend far beyond this. With the continuous maturation and expansion of the Neon EVM ecosystem, the company plans to continue driving innovation in its technology and services, aiming to become a leading platform in the blockchain space. By becoming a key player in the DeFi space with Lumen Money and accelerating blockchain interoperability through collaboration with Eclipse, Neon is steadily establishing its important position in the Web3 world.

Furthermore, as more developers and users experience the convenience and efficiency provided by Neon, the Neon EVM and its partner Eclipse will continue to be drivers of innovation, not only pushing forward blockchain technology but also building the Web3 revolution. This is just the beginning, and looking ahead, Neon is poised to lead more groundbreaking technological advancements, driving the entire blockchain industry towards broader applications and mainstream adoption.

@ 3842def1:e2855211

Chef's notes

Thank you Ree Drummand, used your recipe for years and my family has loved it!!!!

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 15 min
• 🍳 Cook time: 45 min
• 🍽️ Servings: 12

Ingredients

• Butter, for greasing
• 8 whole eggs
• 1 loaf sourdough or French bread
• 1/2 cup whipping (heavy) cream
• 2 cups whole milk
• 2 tablespoons vanilla extract
• 1/2 cup brown sugar
• 1/2 cup granulated sugar
• Topping Ingredients:
• 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon
• 1/2 cup firmly packed brown sugar
• 1/2 cup all-purpose flour
• 1 stick cold butter, cut into pieces, plus more for serving
• Freshly grated nutmeg
• 1/4 teaspoon salt
• 1 cup fresh blueberries, for serving
• Hmmmmm Warm pancake syrup, for serving

Directions

1. 9-by-13-inch baking pan
2. For the French toast: Lubricate the baking dish with butter. Shred the bread into pieces, or slice into cubes, and scatter them throughout the dish. Break the eggs into a large bowl. Combine the eggs, milk, cream, granulated sugar, brown sugar, and vanilla, and beat well. Spread this mixture evenly over the bread. Seal the dish tightly and refrigerate until use (overnight is ideal).
3. For the topping: Blend the flour, brown sugar, cinnamon, salt, and a bit of nutmeg in a different bowl. Mix thoroughly with a fork. Incorporate the butter using a pastry blender, and work it until the mix looks like small pebbles. Keep in a zip-top plastic bag in the fridge.
4. When you're prepared to bake the casserole, heat the oven to 350 degrees F. Take the casserole out of the fridge and scatter the topping over it. Bake for 45 minutes for a softer, pudding-like texture, or for 1 hour or more for a crisper, more solid texture.
5. Serve individual portions. Enhance with butter and a pour of warm pancake syrup, and garnish with blueberries.

@ 2c930918:6d90c511

10 months ago, I (nostr:npub1ydua4nhjuj36k6hrjkj5kn0zrz8su6xcl76rvvuaxhrnngu7xccqsmutvr) visited Botev Plovdiv's new stadium:

🏟️ Amazing facility

📜 Rich club history

⚽ Poor team performance

😞 Unhappy fans

https://image.nostr.build/c7c63942ba94fc7ea270fca6a28fdedaf79ed0470228a374806054a4ea57d98c.jpg

Botev's owner, Anton Zingarevich, envisioned growing this underdog club into a respected European team. https://image.nostr.build/e996ebbc26a704012eaa793f49a3f8f596e0ad635d2b44bc5819bfa971e3960e.jpg

His plan:

🏆 Implement best practices on the field

🌍 Develop local and international talent

📈 Use a unique business strategy for an edge

His business strategy? Unite football and #Bitcoin.

https://image.nostr.build/afdd19faf5542f6c9d06992394336bb1c8181dc8f12078c5e273a7cff6a726ca.jpg

I was thrilled that Bulgaria's oldest football club, based in my home city, understood #Bitcoin and wanted to use it to transform the club and make a real difference.

I was invited to lead Botev's #Bitcoin strategy - an opportunity I could not reject. Especially since Bitcoin's values align so closely with the club's patron, Hristo Botev. https://image.nostr.build/9819f106a62989c76026043f2188a4cdc8e296bf1331322fe9f3a0bf5d7da183.png

And so we began:

🌐 Building a new website

🧠 Educating the team on ₿

💳 Integrating Bitcoin payments

🗣️ Leading Bitcoin campaigns & meetups

🔄 Devising a unique 360° Bitcoin strategy

Documented in video by nostr:nprofile1qqs034ppyjnjakycjcj84kgj737aw6kxkmxazrlp0r67qjk0atgdfgsf26ft6

Meanwhile, our new Sports Director, Artur Platek, and Head Coach, Dusan Kerkez:

🤝 Nurtured team spirit

👟 Improved player discipline

⭐ Got the best from our experienced players

🎓 Developed our academy youngsters

https://image.nostr.build/b734fd6e0b7e3d580c2ca972700eeb1ce264dd428a227142e362c2b70acff79f.jpg

Last week, we saw the result. After a dismal start to the season, Botev Plovdiv won the Bulgarian Cup 🏆 against all odds and the strongest opponents. https://video.nostr.build/c0e21b730c5c0f8d967c2b97728d882e085761917f5c5084c9e5a4c8c8f4444e.mp4

This victory sets us up for bigger wins. We're doubling down on our #Bitcoin strategy.

We have the unshakable conviction that Bitcoin will be an integral part of every football and sports club.

It sounds ridiculous. But we don't mind that. We will gladly lead the way. In due time, others will follow.

I'll be meeting leaders in the USA 🇺🇸, El Salvador 🇸🇻, and at Bitcoin conferences in Sofia 🇧🇬 and Prague 🇨🇿. DM nostr:npub1ydua4nhjuj36k6hrjkj5kn0zrz8su6xcl76rvvuaxhrnngu7xccqsmutvr if you want to meet, talk, and lead with us.

The ₿est is Yet to Come 🚀 For Botev 💛🖤 and Bitcoin 🧡 One Goal at a Time ⚽

https://image.nostr.build/19b1a71fa540a62d7130f5763f71692d37eba59c3aa2d4c4468d3613b1a53e97.jpg

@ 80185950:ae8205c6

Chef's notes

This is perfect for someone who doesn’t want to sit all day in a kitchen to make quality meal. So simple and so yummy.

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 5 min
• 🍳 Cook time: 20 min
• 🍽️ Servings: 4

Ingredients

• Bag of King Prawns
• Pasta Fusilli
• Chilli flakes
• Italian herbs
• Mozarella
• Olive Oil
• Sweet Paprika Powder
• Garlic Granules
• Vegetable seasoning powder or liquid

Directions

1. Cook pasta and leave on the side when ready
2. In seperate pan heat up some olive oil
3. Put prawns and fry them maximum 4 minutes
4. In those 4 minutes add gradually all spices
5. Make sure chilli flakes are crispy and fried
6. Now mix in pasta
7. Sprinkle with mozarella cheese
8. When cheese melts it’s ready to serve

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

A follow up to my post yesterday https://stacker.news/items/545750/r/Undisciplined about the passing of the NBA torch

Who's got next?

With a final four of teams led by stars who are all 25 or younger, the time is right for a new face of the NBA to emerge. Personally, I think it's going to be Anthony Edwards, but two of the other young stars are also American (Halliburton and Tatum) and they're both fairly charismatic and photogenic.

Adam Silver must be thrilled by this outcome (just imagine if SGA had advanced, though).

Who do you all think will pry "Face of the League" from Steph and Lebron's cold dead hands?

Bright Future

Just for fun, I wanted to do my All-NBA team of potential future Face of the League:

C: Wemby (despite being French, he's that special) F: Tatum F: Ant-Man G: SGA G: Halliburton

6th man: Brunson

@ 3c827db6:66418fc3

With the previous articles, we found the disconnect between paid-for work and paid-for time. We also understood that if you want to get paid you have to provide work that is valuable for others. So when the person consumes the benefit of your work, the exchange happens value for value - work for sats. But what happens if the benefit that the consumer experiences is not a momentary but a continuous process? There are a few examples of this. I will start with the one that is not that captivating but still valuable.

Streaming services, like other industries, grapple with the limitations of the fiat payment system. The burden of fees and the absence of suitable technology for streaming payments have compelled them to adopt similar mitigations as other industries. This translates to charging users on a monthly basis.

With the Lightning Network, we have the technology to stream sats for content. No longer confined to monthly subscriptions, you pay for what you consume in real time. Whether you watch sporadically or binge extensively, streaming payments allow for a more personalized and efficient payment model. This way the creator of the content and the user have a direct connection for each minute the content is broadcasted. With streaming payments now you can say goodbye to subscription payments.

Unveiling A New Era Of Fair Compensation And Accountability In Movie Production

Imagine you've created a movie or documentary. Traditionally, you'd charge people for a ticket, essentially asking them to pay upfront for future value, creating a slight disconnect. Now, with streaming payments using sats, consumers can pay as they watch. If your movie sucks, they might only pay for the first 30 minutes. However, you still receive value, and viewers won't feel overcharged for something they didn't enjoy. If your movie is great they not only stream sats the whole time but at the end, they leave a tip.

On the receiving side of the movie most people involved in it received a salary for doing their job. As we already know this is not aligning the whole structure in the same direction. Some people do not care at all how good the movie is if they have already been paid and do not receive a bonus further. Some people might care about reputation in the market but very few just want to do the best job. Again, we went through this, and as you are guessing you just do a split payment in the backend where all the people in the credits actually receive sats or even milisatoshis based on their contribution. This was something I did not expect that Bitcoin would disrupt. This way the reputation is directly linked to the payment and a lot more people will fight to have the best movie. You can be someone who contributed to a project and wants to stay anonymous for whatever reason but still receive money - Lightning instant settlement is the way to do it.

These concepts should not be new if you read through the last 3 articles. In addition, people in the Bitcoin space are familiar with the Value for Value (V4V) podcasting and that is very close to what I am describing above. While the technology for podcasting is already in place, it's surprising how few podcasts leverage this technology to implement split payments effectively. They give that responsibility to some hosting service that decides to take a 5% split for themselves and the other 95% goes to the wallet of the show. Why not do the split the proper way? The hosting service provides value so they should get a percentage but if you are 3 people involved in the production of the podcast you should have that 95% split so it goes to those individuals. There's no excuse, especially for Bitcoin podcasts, not to make this effort and implement split payments appropriately.

The Dynamic Future Of Pay-as-you-go In Content Consumption

In this example, the pay-as-you-go model holds true for continuous experiences, like streaming. Now, let's revisit the movie example. If you're a theater, you are essentially the hosting provider for the movie. The quality of the theater experience can vary; one theater might have uncomfortable chairs, while another boasts luxurious massage chairs. The theater with subpar seating might receive a 3% share of the movie's streaming sats revenue, while the one with comfortable massage chairs might earn 5% for each sat stream paying for the movie. Furthermore, if a viewer activates the massage function of the chair, additional sats are streamed for each second that the function is on. I do not know the exact payment dynamics between theaters and movie studios but I bet there are prepayments and funds held at multiple points in the fiat payment process. With the adoption of the Lightning Network, theaters no longer have to prepay for movies to be projected on their screens. They can now observe which movies are most popular in real time and adjust their projections accordingly to optimize revenues. This benefits the consumer and optimizes profits for themselves and the creators of the movie.

Now you see the content gets its value stream for the continuous experience and everyone in the film industry will fight to give the best experience for the most amount of time. The better the experience the more sats flow their way. Due to the highly subjective nature of content, where one person might deem a movie subpar, another might label it as their favorite. This subjectivity is why I believe most content streaming will not have a predetermined price. Even movies may adopt the V4V model, similar to what Adam Curry is pioneering in podcasting. For instance, you watch a movie, and during the credits, a prominent QR code appears, allowing you to decide how much you want to send to the creators of the movie. You will listen to a song or a podcast the same way. Whether you predefine a streaming rate per minute or request payment at the end, both options are technically possible. However, the market will ultimately determine which option prevails as the better one.

Also, why not have a bidding competition for any event that has assigned seats? The person who bids the most for a ticket gets to be in the first row of the concert or a sports stadium. This way the subjectivity is left for all the viewers to decide how valuable it really is. This way it ensures a full stadium also because if there is no value in attending the event people are not going to bid for the seats or just pay 1 sat for it.

Revolutionizing Taxi Transactions For Drivers And Passengers Alike

The continuous experience or service for streaming could be anything in the physical realm. I will take a look at how instant settlement could look like in transportation services. One such transportation service is the taxi service. Even though Uber decentralized the taxi companies which is great they did nothing about decentralizing the payment process. Lightning Network fixes that and more.

With a streaming payment option for each meter of movement, taxi drivers no longer need to wait until the end destination to receive their payment. In a world of instant settlement, payment occurs as you go, eliminating the risk for the taxi driver regarding whether the passenger will pay at the end of the journey. While this might not be a groundbreaking improvement, there are several additional benefits to consider.

Why do most taxis operate with cash? Taxi drivers in most places need a POS device for the customers to be able to pay for a better user experience (UX). It may be a better UX but on the other hand, it creates problems for the drivers either way:

• They have to acquire clunky devices.
• They must pay payment processing fees, negatively impacting their margins.
• Operating solely with cash exposes them to the honeypot problem, carrying a substantial amount of money, and making them vulnerable to theft.

With an app tailored for the taxi experience and integrated with the Lightning Network, these issues become irrelevant. There is no need for additional equipment, no payment processing fees for receiving money, and no exposure to visible cash, reducing the risk of being a target for theft. Now you can have a better UX with better security and better margins - an additional benefit is that it will be paid with Bitcoin. Not only that but just like the example with the movie theater chairs drivers will be incentivized to make the travel experience even better. They can offer - to watch a movie, video games like PlayStation, or massage chair. If you choose to use those extra experiences on top of the travel experience you have to increase the sats streaming their way.

An additional benefit for the travel experience of customers arises when multiple passengers in a taxi have different destinations. Traditionally, the taxi meter ticks for the entire journey, and when the first person is dropped off, determining a fair amount for their portion becomes complex. However, with the Lightning Network, it's conceivable to streamline this process. Imagine a scenario where three passengers enter a taxi, each with distinct destinations. Each person scans a QR code upon entering, linking their streaming sats to the taxi app. The app manages split-receiving, dynamically adjusting the distribution of streaming payments based on how many people are in the taxi. As passengers are dropped off one by one, the app seamlessly adjusts the split-receiving, providing a fair and efficient payment solution for each individual's share of the journey.

Optimizing City Transportation With Streaming Sats

The proposed model of split-receiving through QR codes and streaming sats can extend beyond taxi services to other modes of transportation, such as buses. The idea is to calculate the average cost per mile (or meter/foot) for providing the transportation service, including factors like fuel, maintenance, and driver salary, and add a margin for profit. Passengers entering the vehicle scan a QR code, and the app dynamically adjusts the streaming payments based on the number of people on board.

For buses, this model allows for real-time adjustment of streaming payments as passengers enter and exit. If there are 30 people on the bus the split is between them. At the next stop, 10 people are dropped off and 5 people get on board - now the sats stream is divided by 25 people. As the number of people on the bus changes at each stop, the streaming sats are proportionally divided among the passengers. This approach can lead to more efficient and flexible city transportation. Late-night buses will be more expensive for the passengers because of the fewer riders, while buses during peak hours may offer a more cost-effective traveling experience as payments are shared among more passengers.

This system encourages transportation optimization around events, such as concerts or sports games, where private buses or minivans wait to fill up before departing. Routes can be dynamically adjusted because you will have a system tracking how many people are in the vehicles at what time and at what location on the map. Importantly, this data remains anonymous, as no KYC information is required for the Lightning Network payments.

The Streamlined Pay-from-a-distance

Now with this streaming money feature, it can be applied differently. Let’s go back to the taxi service for a moment. The pay-from-a-distance feature that is available in the Lightning Network can significantly enhance the experience of ordering a taxi. Instead of the traditional model where drivers wait patiently and charge fixed fees when passengers enter the car, this model introduces streaming sats from the moment the passenger accepts the ride. Here's how it works:

• The passenger places an order in the app, specifying the destination. Nothing new here.
• Drivers see the order and can apply for it, similar to platforms like Uber.
• Streaming sats start the moment the passenger accepts the driver, and streaming payments commence. This fee will be less than the actual transportation but the user is still paying for the service of the car coming to him and not the other way around.
• The taxi arrives at the passenger's door, and the streaming payments continue. There is a fee for waiting at the door per minute.

By shifting the waiting cost to the passenger, there's a strong incentive for both parties to be prompt, and the system becomes more efficient. Additionally, the passenger's responsibility to follow the car reduces operational costs related to alerting passengers via message or a call. Any inefficient time management becomes a cost for the passenger. This model aligns incentives for both drivers and passengers, creating a more seamless cost and time-effective taxi experience.

The concept of paying from a distance can be creatively applied to various scenarios, providing convenience and peace of mind. For instance, when it comes to sending your child somewhere with a taxi, traditional concerns about trusting them with money or the driver's reliability may arise. However, with the ability to stream sats for the ride, you gain real-time visibility on your device, tracking your child's journey and ensuring they reach the intended destination safely. This pay-from-a-distance feature extends beyond transportation and can be applied to other continuous services. For example, daycare services charge per minute, allowing you to stream payments in real-time, ensuring accurate and fair compensation for the duration your child spends there. Additionally, you can send a present to a friend, such as a massage session, and pay for it in a streaming fashion, covering the cost continuously based on the duration of the service. The flexibility of streaming payments not only offers real-time tracking and control but also opens up new possibilities for various services where charging per minute or duration is relevant. Those services can be paid on the spot or from a distance. image2

I know that now it looks like we are going backwards from the original point of never paying money for time. The key distinction here is that you may be paying for time past for the service but in that time you get a continuous stream of value (work done) so you are streaming value back to pay for it. In some cases the time spent is actually an accurate measure of the work done.

It's true that developing apps with such functionalities is technically feasible, and there might be entrepreneurs and developers willing to explore these possibilities. However, a significant challenge arises when considering custodial control over users' funds. Small startups might find it financially burdensome and complex to operate as custodians, potentially steering away from such responsibilities. This will take not only high responsibility but also a very big financial wall and expertise to obtain the licenses that comply with the ever-changing regulations. On the other hand, large tech companies with substantial resources could afford to take on the role of custodians, presenting both a business opportunity for them and a risk for the users. The move by some tech giants, like X(formerly Twitter), to obtain such licenses can be seen as a strategic measure for self-preservation over their own finances. This is also an opportunity to consolidate control over not only user data but user finances within their platforms.

The Breez SDK offers a powerful solution, empowering developers to create diverse applications without having to worry about payment intricacies. Its non-custodial nature is a key advantage, eliminating the need for licenses. The infrastructure of it is made in such a way that it is peer-to-peer so no one is holding money for someone else. The app developers focus on the experience within the app and just plug in the code. This combination of features gives startups a competitive edge and reverses the advantage held by large tech companies. While they go through the complex process of getting a license the startup can integrate the global payment network (the Lightning Network) in one day. Even if certain tech giants choose to lock users' funds within their applications, alternative options will continue to be developed, and users will have the freedom to opt-out. Just like people are choosing Bitcoin over fiat.

Now who is ready to give all of us those experiences in their app?

@ 80185950:ae8205c6

Chef's notes

You don’t need to use gluten free ingredients, you can always use normal breadcrumbs or panko if you desire.

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 5 min
• 🍳 Cook time: 20 min
• 🍽️ Servings: 4

Ingredients

• Garlic cloves
• Butter
• Prawns large or King Prawns
• Mozarella
• Basil leaves
• Gluten free bread crumbs
• Sweet paprika
• Vegetable seasoning
• Garlic granules
• Olive oil
• Chilli powder

Directions

1. Prepare few garlic cloves by mashing them with tool of your choice
2. Wash prawns or king prawns make sure they are pealed, I use entire bag of them
3. Heat up oven or grill
4. While it’s heating up we will prepare a souse first, we will need a baking dish on the side where all ingredients will meet
5. Heat up the pan and melt half bar of butter, yes I know it’s a lot but believe me we won’t be able to eat it it will act like a souse
6. Add garlic
7. Don’t burn the butter just make sure it melts and as soon it bubbles add all the spices, pinch of everything mentioned in ingredients list. If you don’t have vegetable seasoning use salt instead, as the seasoning is already salty
8. Now add some olive oil to mix into the butter approx 2 table spoons
9. Pour it into the baking dish
10. Now in the same pan throw washed prawns for approx 2 minutes not longer we want them to be soft not gummy
11. Turn them around and after 2 minutes place them into the butter souse in a baking dish
12. Now get some Mozarella cheese, slice it and spread on the dish
13. Decorate with basil leaves
14. Sprinkle with bread crumbs
15. Throw to the oven for 15 min
16. Enjoy :)

@ 55819c40:498febf6

Over the past year, Chingari has emerged as a dark horse in the SocialFi field, showcasing a remarkable growth trajectory. According to the data presented, since May 2023, Chingari has experienced significant fluctuations and growth in its independent active user count (UAW), transaction volume, and number of transactions. Particularly at the beginning of 2024, Chingari witnessed several substantial increases in user activity and transaction volume, demonstrating its strong performance in the market.

According to Coin98 Analytics, in the past 30 days, Chingari ranks seventh in the number of independent active addresses, with a total of 777K, indicating its gradually solidifying position in the SocialFi app landscape. This achievement not only reflects Chingari’s breakthroughs in technology and product development, but also highlights its precise understanding of user demands and market trends.

Whether in the Web2 or Web3 world, social applications have become a necessity for users, and Chingari has gradually attracted a large number of users’ attention and participation with its unique operating model and innovative features. Next, we will delve into an analysis of Chingari’s operational strategies and the challenges it faces in the SocialFi field.

Chingari Platform Overview: Indian Innovative Short Video Social App with Impressive Incentive Mechanisms and User Growth Chingari is a popular short video social application that has quickly gained prominence in the Indian market since its launch in 2020. Similar to China’s TikTok, Chingari allows users to earn rewards by creating and sharing short video content. With its innovative features and reward mechanisms, Chingari has attracted a large number of users, forming a massive community with over 175 million current users.

Expanding User Base

Chingari’s vision is to become the best short video sharing platform for users, dedicated to providing opportunities for talented individuals to showcase themselves. Users can capture and share perfect videos to showcase themselves to the world. Currently, Chingari boasts over 50 million users and 160 million views, with downloads exceeding 130 million times. The platform offers multiple language versions to enable more people to use this popular new platform and emphasizes protecting user data and security to ensure users can use it with peace of mind.

Innovative Reward Mechanisms

Chingari not only provides a platform to showcase talent but also incentivizes user participation in content creation through various means. Users can earn GARI tokens by watching, sharing, and creating video content. These tokens can be used to unlock special content from creators or purchase voice or video call experiences with creators. By staking idle assets in the wallet, users can also earn additional rewards. This “create and earn” and “participate and earn” mechanism greatly stimulates user enthusiasm and promotes platform activity.

Financing and Development

In just a few years, Chingari has achieved significant milestones. In 2021, Chingari raised $19 million in funding and was ranked as India’s number one social networking app in the Indian government’s “App Innovation Challenge.” In May 2022, Chingari completed a $15 million Series A expansion round of financing, providing a solid foundation for further development. In the future, Chingari plans to launch integrated beta testing and live testing of blockchain, further enriching user experience and driving the platform’s continued development.

Through these efforts, Chingari is continuously reshaping the social media landscape, providing users with better experiences and more opportunities. Chingari’s success is not only a breakthrough in technology and products but also a precise understanding of user needs and market trends. Next, we will delve into the operational strategies of Chingari and the challenges it faces in the SocialFi field.

In-depth Analysis of Chingari’s Integration with Kana Labs Paymaster: A Crucial Layout for Decentralized Social Media Innovation and Integration: Chingari’s Latest Move

On February 23, 2024, Chingari, a leading short video sharing platform in the Web3 space, announced its integration with Kana Labs Paymaster service, offering sponsored transactions covering gas fees. This move aims to further optimize user experience, lower the barrier of entry for users, and foster widespread adoption of the platform. Since its establishment in 2018, Chingari has been dedicated to empowering creators through NFT technology, providing content ownership management, and now boasts nearly 5 million daily active users with a daily video viewing count of up to 200 million.

The Significance of Paymaster Technology

Paymaster is a blockchain infrastructure that allows companies or third-party entities to store tokens for sponsoring transactions. This means that any dApp integrated with Paymaster technology can provide its users with a seamless transaction experience without the complexity of gas fees. Paymaster accounts hold various tokens used to pay for transaction fees, enabling these dApps to cover the gas fees for transactions, thus simplifying the user’s operational process.

Kana Labs’ Paymaster service is widely recognized for its efficiency and reliability and is recommended by Aptos Labs as the preferred choice for dApp integration. Chingari chose to partner with Kana Labs not only for its advantages in the multi-chain ecosystem but also for Kana Labs’ excellent performance in cross-chain solutions and smart wallet capabilities. By integrating Kana Labs Paymaster service, Chingari can effectively reduce users’ transaction costs, enhance platform scalability, and improve user satisfaction.

The Future of Decentralized Ecosystems

Chingari, initially built on the Solana network, has now migrated to the Aptos network to leverage its higher scalability and lower gas fees. This multi-chain strategy ensures Chingari’s leading position in both technological innovation and user experience. Since mid-February 2024, Chingari has sponsored over 800,000 transactions through the Kana Labs Paymaster service. This integration not only enhances the platform’s decentralized transaction management capabilities but also enables users to enjoy a more convenient Web3 experience.

In the future, as Kana Labs continues to expand its services in the multi-chain ecosystem, Chingari will be able to achieve greater market penetration and technical integration on a global scale. Through this collaboration, Chingari not only enhances its own competitiveness but also sets new benchmarks for the development of decentralized social media. This move by Chingari heralds more innovation and transformation for decentralized social platforms in the future.

Chingari’s Multi-Pronged Approach Leads to Comprehensive Improvement in User Engagement and Platform Functionality Web3 social media enthusiasts are well aware that Chingari, as a leading short video sharing platform, has gained significant influence both within and outside the Web3 community. Specifically, Chingari has made remarkable progress in several areas, making waves in the market:

Firstly, in terms of user incentives, Chingari has significantly increased user engagement through a series of reward mechanisms. For example, on May 10, 2024, Chingari announced the “Refer and Earn Leaderboard Contest” on the X platform, with a prize pool of up to $100,000 in GARI tokens. This initiative encourages users to refer new users and stay active on the platform, with referrers earning 100 $GARI for each successful referral and referees earning 50 $GARI. This initiative not only promotes user growth but also enhances community interaction.

In terms of platform operations, Chingari has adopted a strategy of regularly burning GARI tokens to control token supply and increase their scarcity. On May 13, 2024, Chingari announced the successful burning of 500,000 GARI tokens, worth approximately $11,000, reducing the total supply by 1.61%. This burning mechanism effectively enhances token value and boosts user confidence in the platform’s long-term development.

Additionally, Chingari has introduced several advanced trading tools, enhancing the user trading experience. On May 30, 2024, the platform launched DEX aggregation functionality, providing better trading options through Raydium and Meteor. Meanwhile, users can utilize limit orders and Dollar-Cost Averaging (DCA) automated investment strategies to better control their trading and investment plans. By staking GARI tokens, users not only gain voting rights but also participate in platform governance, voting on proposals, thereby enhancing their involvement in platform decisions.

To further enhance user experience and platform functionality, Chingari plans to launch perpetual contract trading using Drift.trade and Raydium liquidity on July 5, 2024. Additionally, users can borrow other cryptocurrencies using GARI or SOL tokens as collateral until July 30, 2024, unlocking more liquidity and improving asset utilization efficiency.

Overall, through these strategies and feature innovations, Chingari has not only successfully expanded its user base and platform functionality diversity but also demonstrated its forward-looking layout and innovative spirit in the Web3 social media field. However, despite these measures showing strong growth potential, future market changes and user demands remain uncertain. Whether Chingari can maintain its leading position in the fierce competition in the future remains to be seen.