@ 8bad92c3:ca714aa5

Key Takeaways

Michael Goldstein, aka Bitstein, presents a sweeping philosophical and economic case for going “all in” on Bitcoin, arguing that unlike fiat, which distorts capital formation and fuels short-term thinking, Bitcoin fosters low time preference, meaningful saving, and long-term societal flourishing. At the heart of his thesis is “hodling for good”—a triple-layered idea encompassing permanence, purpose, and the pursuit of higher values like truth, beauty, and legacy. Drawing on thinkers like Aristotle, Hoppe, and Josef Pieper, Goldstein redefines leisure as contemplation, a vital practice in aligning capital with one’s deepest ideals. He urges Bitcoiners to think beyond mere wealth accumulation and consider how their sats can fund enduring institutions, art, and architecture that reflect a moral vision of the future.

Best Quotes

“Let BlackRock buy the houses, and you keep the sats.”

“We're not hodling just for the sake of hodling. There is a purpose to it.”

“Fiat money shortens your time horizon… you can never rest.”

“Savings precedes capital accumulation. You can’t build unless you’ve saved.”

“You're increasing the marginal value of everyone else’s Bitcoin.”

“True leisure is contemplation—the pursuit of the highest good.”

“What is Bitcoin for if not to make the conditions for magnificent acts of creation possible?”

“Bitcoin itself will last forever. Your stack might not. What will outlast your coins?”

“Only a whale can be magnificent.”

“The market will sell you all the crack you want. It’s up to you to demand beauty.”

Conclusion

This episode is a call to reimagine Bitcoin as more than a financial revolution—it’s a blueprint for civilizational renewal. Michael Goldstein reframes hodling as an act of moral stewardship, urging Bitcoiners to lower their time preference, build lasting institutions, and pursue truth, beauty, and legacy—not to escape the world, but to rebuild it on sound foundations.

Timestamps

00:00 - Intro
00:50 - Michael’s BBB presentation Hodl for Good
07:27 - Austrian principles on capital
15:40 - Fiat distorts the economic process
23:34 - Bitkey
24:29 - Hodl for Good triple entendre
29:52 - Bitcoin benefits everyone
39:05 - Unchained
40:14 - Leisure theory of value
52:15 - Heightening life
1:15:48 - Breaking from the chase makes room for magnificence
1:32:32 - Nakamoto Institute’s mission

Transcript

(00:00) Fiat money is by its nature a disturbance. If money is being continually produced, especially at an uncertain rate, these uh policies are really just redistribution of wealth. Most are looking for number to go up post hyper bitcoinization. The rate of growth of bitcoin would be more reflective of the growth of the economy as a whole.
(00:23) Ultimately, capital requires knowledge because it requires knowing there is something that you can add to the structures of production to lengthen it in some way that will take time but allow you to have more in the future than you would today. Let Black Rockck buy the houses and you keep the sats, not the other way around.
(00:41) You wait until later for Larry Frink to try to sell you a [Music] mansion. And we're live just like that. Just like that. 3:30 on a Friday, Memorial Day weekend. It's a good good good way to end the week and start the holiday weekend. Yes, sir. Yes, sir. Thank you for having me here. Thank you for coming. I wore this hat specifically because I think it's I think it's very apppropo uh to the conversation we're going to have which is I hope an extension of the presentation you gave at Bitblock Boom Huddle for good. You were working on
(01:24) that for many weeks leading up to uh the conference and explaining how you were structuring it. I think it's a very important topic to discuss now as the Bitcoin price is hitting new all-time highs and people are trying to understand what am I doing with Bitcoin? Like you have you have the different sort of factions within Bitcoin.
(01:47) Uh get on a Bitcoin standard, get on zero, spend as much Bitcoin as possible. You have the sailors of the world are saying buy Bitcoin, never sell, die with your Bitcoin. And I think you do a really good job in that presentation. And I just think your understanding overall of Bitcoin is incredible to put everything into context. It's not either or.
(02:07) It really depends on what you want to accomplish. Yeah, it's definitely there there is no actual one-sizefits-all um for I mean nearly anything in this world. So um yeah, I mean first of all I mean there was it was the first conference talk I had given in maybe five years. I think the one prior to that uh was um bit block boom 2019 which was my meme talk which uh has uh become infamous and notorious.
(02:43) So uh there was also a lot of like high expectations uh you know rockstar dev uh has has treated that you know uh that that talk with a lot of reference. a lot of people have enjoyed it and he was expecting this one to be, you know, the greatest one ever, which is a little bit of a little bit of a uh a burden to live up to those kinds of standards.
(03:08) Um, but you know, because I don't give a lot of talks. Um, you know, I I I like to uh try to bring ideas that might even be ideas that are common. So, something like hodling, we all talk about it constantly. uh but try to bring it from a little bit of a different angle and try to give um a little bit of uh new light to it.
(03:31) I alsove I've I've always enjoyed kind of coming at things from a third angle. Um whenever there's, you know, there's there's all these little debates that we have in in Bitcoin and sometimes it's nice to try to uh step out of it and look at it a little more uh kind of objectively and find ways of understanding it that incorporate the truths of of all of them.
(03:58) uh you know cuz I think we should always be kind of as much as possible after ultimate truth. Um so with this one um yeah I was kind of finding that that sort of golden mean. So uh um yeah and I actually I think about that a lot is uh you know Aristotle has his his concept of the golden mean. So it's like any any virtue is sort of between two vices um because you can you can always you can always take something too far.
(04:27) So you're you're always trying to find that right balance. Um so someone who is uh courageous you know uh one of the vices uh on one side is being basically reckless. I I can't remember what word he would use. Uh but effectively being reckless and just wanting to put yourself in danger for no other reason than just you know the thrill of it.
(04:50) Um and then on the other side you would just have cowardice which is like you're unwilling to put yourself um at any risk at any time. Um, and courage is right there in the middle where it's understanding when is the right time uh to put your put yourself, you know, in in the face of danger um and take it on. And so um in some sense this this was kind of me uh in in some ways like I'm obviously a partisan of hodling.
(05:20) Um, I've for, you know, a long time now talked about the, um, why huddling is good, why people do it, why we should expect it. Um, but still trying to find that that sort of golden mean of like yes, huddle, but also what are we hodling for? And it's not we're we're not hodddling just merely for the sake of hodddling.
(05:45) There there is a a purpose to it. And we should think about that. And that would also help us think more about um what are the benefits of of spending, when should we spend, why should we spend, what should we spend on um to actually give light to that sort of side of the debate. Um so that was that was what I was kind of trying to trying to get into.
(06:09) Um, as well as also just uh at the same time despite all the talk of hodling, there's always this perennial uh there's always this perennial dislike of hodlers because we're treated as uh as if um we're just free riding the network or we're just greedy or you know any of these things. And I wanted to show how uh huddling does serve a real economic purpose.
(06:36) Um, and it does benefit the individual, but it also does uh it it has actual real social um benefits as well beyond merely the individual. Um, so I wanted to give that sort of defense of hodling as well to look at it from um a a broader position than just merely I'm trying to get rich. Um uh because even the person who uh that is all they want to do um just like you know your your pure number grow up go up moonboy even that behavior has positive ramifications on on the economy.
(07:14) And while we might look at them and have uh judgments about their particular choices for them as an individual, we shouldn't discount that uh their actions are having positive positive effects for the rest of the economy. Yeah. So, let's dive into that just not even in the context of Bitcoin because I think you did a great job of this in the presentation.
(07:36) just you've done a good job of this consistently throughout the years that I've known you. Just from like a first principles Austrian economics perspective, what is the idea around capital accumulation, low time preference and deployment of that capital like what what like getting getting into like the nitty-gritty and then applying it to Bitcoin? Yeah, it's it's a big question and um in many ways I mean I I even I barely scratched the surface.
(08:05) uh I I can't claim to have read uh all the volumes of Bombber works, you know, capital and interest and and stuff like that. Um but I think there's some some sort of basic concepts that we can look at that we can uh draw a lot out. Um the first uh I guess let's write that. So repeat so like capital time preference. Yeah. Well, I guess getting more broad like why sav

@ d5b257e3:30a2b7bd

SPEC.md

Project: Prime Number CLI Calculator

Overview

A command-line interface (CLI) calculator built using Bun, which only accepts prime numbers as input. The calculator will perform basic arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) on prime numbers.

Features

1. Prime Number Validation: The calculator will validate all input numbers to ensure they are prime.
2. Arithmetic Operations:
3. Addition (+)
4. Subtraction (-)
5. Multiplication (*)
6. Division (/)
7. Error Handling: Informative error messages for invalid inputs (non-prime numbers, invalid operations, etc.).
8. Help Command: Display usage instructions and examples.

Technical Stack

• Runtime: Bun
• Language: TypeScript (or JavaScript, if preferred)
• Testing: Bun's built-in test runner

Usage Example

bash bun run calculator add 5 7

Output: 12

Project Structure

/prime-calculator /src index.ts # Main entry point utils.ts # Helper functions (e.g., prime validation) /tests index.test.ts # Test cases package.json # Project configuration SPEC.md # This document

Requirements

1. Prime Validation: Implement a function to check if a number is prime.
2. CLI Interface: Parse command-line arguments and execute the requested operation.
3. Testing: Write unit tests for all functions.

Next Steps

1. Set up the Bun project.
2. Implement the prime validation logic.
3. Build the CLI interface.

@ 9ca447d2:fbf5a36d

Paris, France – June 6, 2025 — Bitcoin payment gateway startup Flash, just announced a new partnership with the “Bitcoin Only Brewery”, marking the first-ever beverage company to leverage Lightning payments.

Flash enables Bitcoin Only Brewery to offer its “BOB” beer with, no-KYC (Know Your Customer) delivery across Europe, priced at 19,500 sats (~$18) for the 4-pack, shipping included.

The cans feature colorful Bitcoin artwork while the contents promise a hazy pale ale: “Each 33cl can contains a smooth, creamy mouthfeel, hazy appearance and refreshing Pale Ale at 5% ABV,” reads the product description.

Pierre Corbin, Co-Founder of Flash, commented:

“Currently, bitcoin is used more as a store of value but usage for payments is picking up. Thanks to new innovation on Lightning, bitcoin is ready to go mainstream for e-commerce sales.”

Flash, launched its 2.0 version in March 2025 with the goal to provide the easiest bitcoin payment gateway for businesses worldwide. The platform is non-custodial and can enable both digital and physical shops to accept bitcoin by connecting their own wallets to Flash.

By leveraging the scalability of the Lightning Network, Flash ensures instant, low-cost transactions, addressing on-chain Bitcoin bottlenecks like high fees and long wait times.

For businesses interested in adopting Bitcoin payments, Flash offers a straightforward onboarding process, low fees, and robust support for both digital and physical goods. To learn more, visit paywithflash.com.

Media Contact:
Pierre Corbin
Co-Founder, Flash
Email: press@paywithflash.com
Website: paywithflash.com

About Flash

Flash is the easiest Bitcoin payment gateway for businesses to accept payments. Supporting both digital and physical enterprises, Flash leverages the Lightning Network to enable fast, low-cost Bitcoin transactions. Launched in its 2.0 version in March 2025, Flash is at the forefront of driving Bitcoin adoption in e-commerce.

About Bitcoin Only Brewery

Bitcoin Only Brewery (@Drink_B0B) is a pioneering beverage company dedicated to the Bitcoin ethos, offering high-quality beers payable exclusively in Bitcoin. With a commitment to personal privacy, the brewery delivers across Europe with no-KYC requirements.

@ 75528885:78eb1c7e

So currently I am testing this obsidian plug in so I can start creating articles on NOSTR. I will definitely try to test this to the max and I will also start making a blog for my journey through Bitcoin mining.

@ b1ddb4d7:471244e7

The latest AI chips, 8K displays, and neural processing units make your device feel like a pocket supercomputer. So surely, with all this advancement, you can finally mine bitcoin on your phone profitably, right?

The 2025 Hardware Reality: Can You Mine Bitcoin on Your Phone

Despite remarkable advances in smartphone technology, the fundamental physics of bitcoin mining haven’t changed. In 2025, flagship devices with their cutting-edge 2nm processors can achieve approximately 25-40 megahashes per second when you mine bitcoin on your phone—a notable improvement from previous generations, but still laughably inadequate.

Meanwhile, 2025’s top-tier ASIC miners have evolved dramatically. The latest Bitmain Antminer S23 series and Canaan AvalonMiner A15 Pro deliver 200-300 terahashes per second while consuming 4,000-5,500 watts. That’s a performance gap of roughly 1:8,000,000 between when you mine bitcoin on your phone and professional mining equipment.

To put this in perspective that hits home: if you mine bitcoin on your phone and it earned you one penny, professional miners would earn $80,000 in the same time period with the same effort. It’s not just an efficiency problem—it’s a complete category mismatch.

According to Pocket Option’s 2025 analysis, when you mine bitcoin on your phone in 2025, you generate approximately $0.003-0.006 in daily revenue while consuming $0.45-0.85 in electricity through constant charging cycles. Factor in the accelerated device wear (estimated at $0.75-1.20 daily depreciation), and you’re looking at losses of $1.20-2.00 per day just for the privilege of running mining software.

Mining Economic Factor

Precise Value (April 2025)

Direct Impact on Profitability

Smartphone sustained hash rate

20-35 MH/s

0.00000024% contribution to global hashrate

Daily power consumption

3.2-4.8 kWh (4-6 full charges)

$0.38-0.57 at average US electricity rates

Expected daily BTC earnings

0.0000000086 BTC ($0.0035 at $41,200 BTC)

Revenue covers only 0.9% of electricity costs

CPU/GPU wear cost

$0.68-0.92 daily accelerated depreciation

Reduces smartphone lifespan by 60-70%

Annual profit projection

-$386 to -$412 per year

Guaranteed negative return on investment

Source: PocketOption

Bitcoin’s 2025 Network: Harder Than Ever

Bitcoin’s network difficulty in 2025 has reached unprecedented levels. After the April 2024 halving event that reduced block rewards from 6.25 to 3.125 BTC, mining became significantly more competitive. The global hash rate now exceeds 800 exahashes per second—that’s 800 followed by 18 zeros worth of computational power securing the network.

Here’s what this means in practical terms: Bitcoin’s mining difficulty adjusts every 2,016 blocks (roughly every two weeks) to maintain the 10-minute block time. As more efficient miners join the network, difficulty increases proportionally. In 2025, mining difficulty has increased compared to 2024, making small-scale mining even less viable.

The math is unforgiving:

• Global Bitcoin hash rate: 828.96 EH/s
• Your smartphone’s contribution: ~0.000000003%
• Probability of solo mining a block: Virtually zero
• Expected time to mine one Bitcoin: Several million years

Even joining mining pools doesn’t solve the economic problem. Pool fees typically range from 1-3%, and your minuscule contribution would earn proportionally tiny rewards—far below the electricity and device depreciation costs.

The 2025 Scam Evolution: More Sophisticated, More Dangerous

Fraudsters now leverage AI-generated content, fake influencer endorsements, and impressive-looking apps that simulate realistic mining activity to entice you to mine bitcoin on your phone.

New 2025 scam tactics include:

AI-Powered Fake Testimonials: Deepfake videos of supposed successful mobile miners showing fabricated earnings statements and encouraging downloads of malicious apps.

Gamified Mining Interfaces: Apps that look and feel like legitimate games but secretly harvest personal data while simulating mining progress that can never be withdrawn.

Social Media Manipulation: Coordinated campaigns across TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube featuring fake “financial influencers” promoting mobile mining apps to younger audiences.

Subscription Trap Mining: Apps offering “free trials” that automatically charge $19.99-49.99 monthly for “premium mining speeds” while delivering no actual mining capability.

Recent cybersecurity research shows that over 180 fake mining apps were discovered across major app stores in 2025, with some accumulating more than 500,000 downloads before being removed.

Red flags that scream “scam” in 2025:

• Apps claiming “revolutionary mobile mining breakthrough”
• Promises of earning “$10-50 daily” from phone mining
• Requirements to recruit friends or watch ads to unlock withdrawals
• Apps that don’t require connecting to actual mining pools
• Testimonials that seem too polished or use stock photo models
• Apps requesting permissions unrelated to mining (contacts, camera, microphone)

The 2025 Professional Mining Landscape

To understand why, consider what professional bitcoin mining looks like in 2025. Industrial mining operations now resemble high-tech data centers with:

Cutting-edge hardware:

• Bitmain Antminer S23 Pro: 280 TH/s at 4,800W
• MicroBT WhatsMiner M56S++: 250 TH/s at 4,500W
• Canaan AvalonMiner A1566: 185 TH/s at 3,420W

Infrastructure requirements:

• Megawatt-scale power contracts with industrial electricity rates
• Liquid cooling systems maintaining 24/7 optimal temperatures
• Redundant internet connections ensuring zero downtime
• Professional facility management with 24/7 monitoring

For a small operation, you might need at least $10,000 to $20,000 to buy a few ASIC miners, set up cooling systems, and cover electricity costs. These operations employ teams of engineers, maintain relationships with power companies, and operate with margins measured in single-digit percentages.

2025’s Legitimate Mobile Bitcoin Strategies

While it remains impossible to mine bitcoin on your phone profitably, 2025 offers exciting legitimate ways to engage with bitcoin through your smartphone:

Lightning Network Participation: Apps like Phoenix, Breez, and Zeus allow you to run Lightning nodes on mobile devices, earning small routing fees while supporting bitcoin’s payment layer.

Bitcoin DCA Automation: Services enable automated dollar-cost averaging with amounts as small as $1 daily. Historical data shows $10 weekly bitcoin purchases consistently outperform any mobile mining attempt by 1,500-2,000%.

Educational Mining Simulators: Legitimate apps like “Bitcoin Mining Simulator” teach mining concepts without false earning promises. These educational tools help users understand hash rates, difficulty adjustments, and mining economics.

Stacking Sats Rewards: Apps offering bitcoin rewards for shopping, learning, or completing tasks.

Lightning Gaming: Bitcoin-native mobile games where players can earn sats through skilled gameplay, with some players earning $10 monthly.onfirm that even the most optimized mobile mining setups in 2025 lose money consistently and predictably.

The Bottom Line

When you mine bitcoin on your phone fundamental economics remain unchanged: it’s impossible to profit. The laws of physics, network competition, and energy efficiency create insurmountable barriers that no app can overcome.

However, 2025 offers unprecedented opportunities to engage with bitcoin meaningfully through your smartphone. Focus on education, legitimate earning opportunities, and strategic investment rather than chasing the impossible dream of phone-based mining.

The bitcoin community’s greatest strength lies in its commitment to truth over hype. When someone promises profits to mine bitcoin on your phone in 2025, they’re either uninformed or deliberately misleading you. Trust the mathematics, learn from the community, and build your bitcoin knowledge and holdings through proven methods.

The real opportunity in 2025 isn’t to mine bitcoin on your phone—it’s understanding bitcoin deeply enough to participate confidently in the most important monetary revolution of our lifetime. Your smartphone is the perfect tool for that education; it’s just not a mining rig.

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

Ik hou van de natuur en van verbinding maken\ Van diepgang en van mensen raken

Van creatief schrijven en programmeren\ Van speels bewegen en nieuwe dingen leren

Ik hou van leven en van dromen\ En van mensen zien\ Hun diepste wensen uit doen komen

@ 7f6db517:a4931eda

What is KYC/AML?

• The acronym stands for Know Your Customer / Anti Money Laundering.
• In practice it stands for the surveillance measures companies are often compelled to take against their customers by financial regulators.
• Methods differ but often include: Passport Scans, Driver License Uploads, Social Security Numbers, Home Address, Phone Number, Face Scans.
• Bitcoin companies will also store all withdrawal and deposit addresses which can then be used to track bitcoin transactions on the bitcoin block chain.
• This data is then stored and shared. Regulations often require companies to hold this information for a set number of years but in practice users should assume this data will be held indefinitely. Data is often stored insecurely, which results in frequent hacks and leaks.  
• KYC/AML data collection puts all honest users at risk of theft, extortion, and persecution while being ineffective at stopping crime. Criminals often use counterfeit, bought, or stolen credentials to get around the requirements. Criminals can buy "verified" accounts for as little as $200. Furthermore, billions of people are excluded from financial services as a result of KYC/AML requirements.

During the early days of bitcoin most services did not require this sensitive user data, but as adoption increased so did the surveillance measures. At this point, most large bitcoin companies are collecting and storing massive lists of bitcoiners, our sensitive personal information, and our transaction history.

Lists of Bitcoiners

KYC/AML policies are a direct attack on bitcoiners. Lists of bitcoiners and our transaction history will inevitably be used against us.

Once you are on a list with your bitcoin transaction history that record will always exist. Generally speaking, tracking bitcoin is based on probability analysis of ownership change. Surveillance firms use various heuristics to determine if you are sending bitcoin to yourself or if ownership is actually changing hands.  You can obtain better privacy going forward by using collaborative transactions such as coinjoin to break this probability analysis.

Fortunately, you can buy bitcoin without providing intimate personal information. Tools such as peach, hodlhodl, robosats, azteco and bisq help; mining is also a solid option: anyone can plug a miner into power and internet and earn bitcoin by mining privately.

You can also earn bitcoin by providing goods and/or services that can be purchased with bitcoin. Long term, circular economies will mitigate this threat: most people will not buy bitcoin - they will earn bitcoin - most people will not sell bitcoin - they will spend bitcoin.

There is no such thing as KYC or No KYC bitcoin, there are bitcoiners on lists and those that are not on lists.

---

If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.

@ 4c96d763:80c3ee30

Changes

Daniel D’Aquino (1):

• nostrdb: Fix heap buffer overflow

William Casarin (17):

• win: fix build on windows
• ndb: add note-relays command
• note: always write relay index
• relay-index: fix a few bugs
• debug: add a print for debugging rust integration
• relay: fix race condition bug
• relay: fix potential relay index corruption
• Relay queries
• query: implement author_kind query plan
• fix build on macos
• query: implement profile search query plans
• filter: add initial custom filtering logic
• test: fix custom filter test
• ndb: add --id queries
• eq: fix fallthrough bug
• change <=10 author search queries to ==1
• cleanup previous patch

pushed to nostrdb:refs/heads/master

@ b1ddb4d7:471244e7

Why are Stripe Alternatives are growing like mushrooms? When it comes to online payment processing, Stripe has long dominated the conversation.

However, with its complex pricing structure, strict policies and first-world focus, many entrepreneurs and companies are actively seeking viable Stripe alternatives.

Whether you’re a SaaS startup, e-commerce store, or global enterprise, choosing the right payment processor can significantly impact your bottom line and customer experience.

Table of Contents

• Why Consider Stripe Alternatives?
• The Complete List of Stripe Alternatives
• Additional Notable Mentions
• How to Choose the Right Stripe Alternative
• Conclusion

Why Consider Stripe Alternatives?

Before diving into our comprehensive list, it’s worth understanding why businesses are exploring alternatives to Stripe. While Stripe offers robust features and excellent developer tools, some businesses face challenges with pricing transparency, limited global coverage, or specific industry requirements that Stripe doesn’t fully address.

The Complete List of Stripe Alternatives

Based on extensive research and analysis of the payment processing landscape, here are 27 proven Stripe alternatives that could be the perfect fit for your business:

1. Flash – Easiest Bitcoin Payment Solution

Flash is the easiest Bitcoin payment gateway for businesses to accept payments. Supporting both digital and physical enterprises, Flash leverages the Lightning Network to enable fast, low-cost Bitcoin transactions. Launched in its 2.0 version in March 2025, Flash is at the forefront of driving Bitcoin adoption in e-commerce.

2. Lemon Squeezy – The SaaS-Focused Alternative

Dubbed as “acq’d by Stripe,” Lemon Squeezy offers a comprehensive solution specifically designed for digital product sales and SaaS businesses. It provides strong customer support, built-in analytics, and handles payments, subscriptions, global tax compliance, and fraud prevention in one platform.

3. Gumroad – Creator Economy Champion

Gumroad has carved out a niche serving creators and small businesses by providing tools for selling digital products, physical goods, and subscriptions. It’s particularly popular among content creators, artists, and independent entrepreneurs who want to experiment with various ideas and formats. They also open-sourced their code which is quite the ‘chad-move’.

4. Paddle – All-in-One SaaS Commerce

Paddle caters to SaaS and software companies by offering a comprehensive platform with billing, licensing, and global tax handling capabilities. It’s designed to be a complete solution for subscription-based businesses, handling payments, tax, and subscription management in one platform.

5. FastSpring – Global E-commerce Specialist

FastSpring specializes in e-commerce solutions for software and SaaS companies, with a focus on global payments and subscription management. According to TechnologyAdvice, it’s particularly strong for international transactions and helps companies sell more, stay lean, and compete big.

6. 2Checkout – Versatile Payment Solutions

2Checkout (now part of Verifone) offers versatile payment solutions excelling in global payments, subscription billing, and digital commerce. One of the best stripe alternatives as it’s an all-in-one monetization platform that maximizes revenues and makes global online sales easier, supporting over 200 countries and territories.

7. Payoneer – Cross-Border Payment Expert

Payoneer simplifies cross-border payment solutions, offering local payment ease globally with a focus on market expansion and multi-currency support. It’s trusted by small to medium-sized businesses for global payment solutions and international money transfers.

8. Chargebee – Subscription Management Leader

Chargebee is a subscription management platform perfect for SaaS and SMBs, with robust billing and revenue management features. If you were looking for stripe alternatives to setup subscriptions, Chargebee might be right for you. It streamlines revenue operations and helps businesses grow efficiently with comprehensive subscription billing capabilities.

9. Maxio (formerly Chargify) – B2B SaaS Billing

Maxio offers a robust platform for B2B SaaS billing and financial operations, focusing on growth and efficiency for subscription businesses. It’s the most complete financial operations platform for B2B SaaS, bringing core financial operations into one platform.

10. Recurly – Dynamic Subscription Management

Recurly offers dynamic subscription management platform, excelling in churn management and data insights for subscription growth. It’s the only proven platform that expands and protects your recurring revenue with subscription management, recurring billing, and payments orchestration.

11. Braintree – PayPal’s Enterprise Solution

Braintree (by PayPal) provides a versatile global payments platform, integrating multiple payment methods with a focus on conversion and security. It delivers end-to-end checkout experiences for businesses, offering single-touch payments and mobile optimization.

12. PayKickstart – Modern Commerce Platform

PayKickstart offers a modern commerce platform for online billing and affiliates, focusing on revenue maximization and churn minimization. It’s the most complete checkout, recurring billing, affiliate management, and retention solution with global capabilities.

13. PayPro Global – Full-Service E-commerce

PayPro Global offers a full-service eCommerce solution for selling software and SaaS, focusing on global payments, tax compliance, and customer support. It provides flexible solutions with over 70 payment methods and great support for software companies.

14. Shopify Payments – E-commerce Integration

Integrated with Shopify, this service is ideal for SMBs in eCommerce, offering a seamless shopping cart and payment experience. It’s the simplest way to accept online payments, automatically set up for major methods with no fees for some payment types.

15. Square – Versatile POS and Payment Solutions

Square provides versatile POS and payment solutions for small businesses with a strong focus on retail and mobile payments. Forbes Advisor notes it as one of the top alternatives for businesses needing both online and offline payment capabilities.

16. Zoho Billing – Integrated Business Solution

Zoho Billing is an online recurring billing and subscription management solution, ideal for small and medium-sized businesses seeking professional invoice creation, time and expense tracking, and improved cash flow management. Zoho isn’t just competing for stripe alternatives, they offer a ton of other products and services.

17. WePay – Chase Company Integration

WePay, a Chase company, provides integrated payment solutions for ISVs and SaaS companies with customizable payment solutions. It’s designed for platforms like marketplaces and small business tools, offering seamless user experience and fraud protection.

18. QuickBooks Payments – SMB Accounting Integration

This service provides seamless accounting and payment solutions for SMBs and SaaS businesses, featuring real-time tracking and automated bookkeeping. It lets small businesses accept payments online from anywhere with easy integration into QuickBooks accounting.

19. Mangopay – Marketplace Payment Infrastructure

Mangopay offers a modular payment infrastructure for marketplaces and platforms, emphasizing flexibility, global payouts, and AI-powered anti-fraud. It uses flexible wallets built to orchestrate fund flows and monetize payment experiences.

20. Coinbase Commerce – Cryptocurrency Payments

Coinbase Commerce enables businesses to accept payments from around the world using cryptocurrency. It offers instant settlement, low fees, and broad asset support, making it easy for merchants to accept digital currency payments globally.

21. BTCPay Server – Open-Source Bitcoin Processor

BTCPay Server is a self-hosted, open-source cryptocurrency payment processor with 0% fees and no third-party involvement. It’s secure, private, censorship-resistant, and completely free for businesses wanting full control over their Bitcoin payments.

22. Lago – Open-Source Billing Alternative

Lago is an open-source alternative to Stripe Billing and Chargebee, specializing in billing and metering in one place for usage-b

@ dfa02707:41ca50e3

Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.

• Version 1.3 of Bitcoin Safe introduces a redesigned interactive chart, quick receive feature, updated icons, a mempool preview window, support for Child Pays For Parent (CPFP) and testnet4, preconfigured testnet demo wallets, as well as various bug fixes and improvements.

• Upcoming updates for Bitcoin Safe include Compact Block Filters.

"Compact Block Filters increase the network privacy dramatically, since you're not asking an electrum server to give you your transactions. They are a little slower than electrum servers. For a savings wallet like Bitcoin Safe this should be OK," writes the project's developer Andreas Griffin.

• Learn more about the current and upcoming features of Bitcoin Safe wallet here.

What's new in v1.3

• Redesign of Chart, Quick Receive, Icons, and Mempool Preview (by @design-rrr).
• Interactive chart. Clicking on it now jumps to transaction, and selected transactions are now highlighted.

• Speed up transactions with Child Pays For Parent (CPFP).
• BDK 1.2 (upgraded from 0.32).
• Testnet4 support.
• Preconfigured Testnet demo wallets.
• Cluster unconfirmed transactions so that parents/children are next to each other.
• Customizable columns for all tables (optional view: Txid, Address index, and more)
• Bug fixes and other improvements.

Announcement / Archive
Blog Post / Archive
GitHub Repo
Website

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

From designer Anna Cairns, the workhorse monospace typeface is rooted in feminist theory.

Across CMM Coda’s subtly imperfect, analogue-inspired letterforms – based on the IBM Selectric typewriter’s typeface, Dual Basic – Anna practically and conceptually brings together the feminist legacy of software and typewriters with the aesthetic sensibilities of the genre associated with the industry. Additionally, CMM Coda enables Anna to explore her intrigue in the blurry terminology used in text production, such as typing, coding and writing, “especially now that most text is created digitally,” Anna says, with typefaces being software in their own right. “We also associate a certain look with each of these modalities,” she continues, “so my idea was to create a typeface that can jump all of these genres simply through a play with white space,” an approach that resulted in CMM Coda’s multiple styles.

Learn more about Comma at https://commatype.com/, a new foundry founded by the Berlin-based type designer Anna Cairns.

Continue reading at https://www.itsnicethat.com/articles/comma-type-cmm-coda-graphic-design-project-110625

https://stacker.news/items/1004142

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Marty Bent Vibe coded the opportunity cost app. I have not tried it yet, but love the concept. I have been into bitcoin since 2014, but I spent more generational wealth than I would care to admit back then. I've heard stories of fortunes blown on cocaine in the 1980's. I could write a story about spending a fortune on Diet Mt. Dew. I don't drink Diet Mt. Dew anymore. This one time, I spent about a million sats for a light beer at a baseball game. I wouldn't say I had a drinking problem, a million sats was only five bucks at the time. I didn't know that much bitcoin would be worth over a thousand bucks eleven years later.

I don't drink beer anymore. Bitcoin tends to do that to you.

We can afford chairs now. To be honest, we need a couch. The last couch I bought was in 2017 and it cost about a whole bitcoin. That couch is buried in a landfill today. My wife loves furniture, but even she's hesitant to spend sats on a couch now. We know we need a couch, but we don't want to spend sats on something we will need to replace before the next halving.

Many of us who have been in bitcoin for more than a decade have some regrets. I know I do, but we need to live our lives. I would never say you should sit on the floor, but I encourage to you to think about time. How long will this thing I need to buy last? If you think you can give a 3 million sat couch to your grandchildren, spend three million sats on the couch. If your five year plan for the couch is to help fill a landfill, maybe you only need to buy a used couch at a thrift store. This is not investment advice of course. How can it be? I don't know what kind of couch hazards you have in your house. I have trouble finding a couch of my own, but it's how I think about making bigger purchases. How many years of your retirement will that watch, car, house or whatever cost you from your stack? You can only determine that for yourself. I think the opportunity cost app will help you keep track of your decision.

This app was made by someone who once spent a whole bitcoin on a heater. I can't speak for Marty, but I believe the opportunity cost app will help you learn from my mistakes.

For more information, check out:

https://www.opportunitycost.app/

Check out the code on GitHub.

Using The Opportunity Cost App

The app is pretty straight forward. It is only available on Chrome for now so I installed it on the Chromium browser. I looked at the settings, but kept them default.

Then I searched for a Rolex in Duck Duck Go.

The default is bitcoin, but there is a sat calculator in the corner too, I have always wanted a Rolex Milgauss with a green sapphire so I looked it up on eBay. It's about 8 million sats. That's too rich for my blood, but I might be willing to part with a million sats for that watch. I'll definitely pick it up for 500,000 sats. I can wait. Bitcoin is the best clock in the world. I wouldn't go so far as to call this Rolex a shitcoin, but bitcoin is a better clock than any watch in my opinion--Even when compared to my favorite watch.

Video From Opportunity Cost Website

How will you use the Opportunity Cost browser extension?

☮️ npub1marc26z8nh3xkj5rcx7ufkatvx6ueqhp5vfw9v5teq26z254renshtf3g0

https://zapthisblog.com/calculate-your-opportunity-cost-while-shopping/

900,678

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Bitcoin Magazine

F Street Announced Goal Of Accumulating $10 Million In Bitcoin

Today, F Street, an alternative investment and private lending firm, announced it has begun adding Bitcoin to its corporate treasury, with a goal of accumulating $10 million in BTC.

JUST IN: Investment firm F Street announced it's buying Bitcoin daily using business proceeds for its treasury reserves

They plan to buy $10 million Bitcoin pic.twitter.com/NMLOteyUYU

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 11, 2025

The company began daily BTC purchases on June 9, using business proceeds and treasury funds. This move is part of a broader strategy to strengthen F Street’s capital base and support its real estate lending and investment operations.

“Bitcoin offers a compelling hedge against inflation and dollar debasement,” said the Chief Operating Officer of F Street Mike Doney. “Incorporating it into our treasury is a strategic step to preserve and grow value for our investors and our business interests.”

In line with its commitment to transparency, F Street also plans to establish a public proof of reserves so that stakeholders can independently verify the custody of its Bitcoin assets. The firm aims to build a meaningful BTC position that supports its long term vision of a capital framework.

F Street’s move comes at a time when institutional interest in Bitcoin is experiencing a notable surge, and many prominent voices in the financial world are starting to support it. Billionaire investor Paul Tudor Jones, speaking today in an interview with Bloomberg, named Bitcoin as a critical part of what he considers the ideal portfolio against inflation.

“What would an ideal portfolio be… But it would be some kind of combination of probably gold, vol adjusted, Bitcoin, gold, stocks,” Jones said. “That’s probably your best portfolio to fight inflation. Vol adjusted because the vol of Bitcoin obviously is five times that of gold, so you’re going to do it in different ways.”

Adding to the momentum, the Head of Digital Assets of BlackRock Robert Mitchnick explained two days ago what’s really driving the surge in demand for Bitcoin ETFs.

“It’s a lot of things coming together. Out of the gate was retail and investor demand…” said Mitchnick. “Now, more recently, we’ve seen just steady progress of more wealth advisor adoption, more institutional adoption. It’s been a mix of people who it’s the first time that they’ve invested in anything in the crypto space. And then on the other hand, you have lots of people who’ve been invested in Bitcoin for a long time and they’re taking advantage of the ETP wrapper.”

This post F Street Announced Goal Of Accumulating $10 Million In Bitcoin first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Oscar Zarraga Perez.

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Bitcoin Magazine

Maelstrom Announces Its Fourth Bitcoin Developer Grant Recipient

Maelstrom is announcing that Ron, known online as “macgyver13,” is the fourth recipient of the Maelstrom Bitcoin Grant Program, per a press release sent to Bitcoin Magazine. Ron will be working on Silent Payments, as proposed in Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 352. 

“We are excited to be financially supporting Ron, in his mission on integrating Silent Payments into Bitcoin wallets,” said the CFO of Maelstrom Arthur Hayes. “Many merchants and users want to provide/display a single static address that doesn’t change, which is an important, valid and simple use case. With Silent Payments this can still be done, while on-chain address re-use is avoided. Address re-use is a goldmine for the surveillance organisations, and at Maelstrom, we want to help put a stop to it.”

In September 2023, Silent Payments was proposed by Josie Baker and Ruben Somsen. It allows people to create a single, static address to share with friends, use for donations, or post for tips without sacrificing privacy. This eliminates address reuse, a key method used by surveillance firms to track user behavior on the blockchain.

“With many software projects, and perhaps even more so in Bitcoin, taking an idea from a proposal to a fully adopted solution is the hardest part,” Josie said. “In the short amount of time I’ve been working with Ron, I’ve been thrilled at the progress we’ve made and I’m excited to work with him over the next year on Silent Payments adoption with the goal of making an intuitive, seamless user experience while also protecting user’s financial privacy.”

Bitcoin privacy depends on using new addresses, which often requires sender to receiver interaction. Existing static address methods use notifications that increase costs and leak metadata. Silent Payments avoids both interaction and notifications but requires wallets to scan the blockchain. Multi-party input use is not yet proven secure.

Silent Payments aim to implement:

• Zero transaction cost overhead
• No linkability between payments and static addresses
• No need for sender to receiver interaction
• Compatibility with privacy tools and modern wallet features

“My primary focus will be coordinating development and testing efforts within the growing community dedicated to integrating Silent Payments into desktop and mobile Bitcoin wallets,” stated the new grantee of Maelstrom Ron. “By advancing Silent Payments alongside BOLT12 and BIP-353, we aim to enhance privacy and simplify the user experience, paving the way for broader adoption of Bitcoin as a payment solution.”

This post Maelstrom Announces Its Fourth Bitcoin Developer Grant Recipient first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Oscar Zarraga Perez.

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HVAC services in Tucson cover everything from air conditioning repairs to furnace installations, designed specifically for the region’s unique desert climate. With temperatures ranging from freezing winters to blazing summers, efficient heating and cooling systems are vital. Tucson HVAC contractors offer expert installation, maintenance, and emergency repairs to keep your system running smoothly. They provide energy-saving solutions and work with top brands to ensure comfort and reliability. Whether it’s residential or commercial service, Tucson HVAC professionals are known for their fast response, honest pricing, and technical expertise.

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Bitcoin Magazine

The Bitcoin Treasury Strategy That’s Reanimating Zombie Companies

A growing number of public companies are stuck in limbo—technically solvent, but strategically stalled. Growth has evaporated. Stock prices have languished. Reinvestment opportunities are unclear or underwhelming. These companies aren’t broken—they’re just drifting.

They’ve become what markets call zombie companies: firms that generate enough to survive, but not enough to excite. And in today’s capital environment, stagnation is no longer neutral—it’s dangerous.

This is where a Bitcoin treasury strategy comes in.

What Is a Bitcoin Treasury Strategy—and What Problem Does It Solve?

At its core, a Bitcoin treasury strategy means converting a portion of idle corporate cash into Bitcoin and treating it as a long-term treasury reserve asset. It’s not a product pivot or a marketing stunt. It’s a capital strategy.

The problem it solves is simple but deadly:

• Capital erosion: Fiat currencies are inflating away purchasing power.
• Inefficient reserves: Billions in cash sit idle on balance sheets, dragging down return on assets.
• Narrative decay: Companies without a growth story get ignored—or punished—by markets.
• Shareholder fatigue: Passive capital strategies frustrate conviction-driven investors.

A Bitcoin treasury strategy is designed to reverse that trend—by reframing cash as conviction.

Two Distinct Approaches to a Bitcoin Treasury Strategy

There’s no one-size-fits-all approach to building a Bitcoin treasury. Instead, companies tend to pursue one of two broad strategic paths:

1. Defensive Allocation
Companies like Tesla and Block have allocated a portion of their reserves to Bitcoin as a hedge against fiat debasement. It’s a form of monetary insulation—protecting cash from erosion while signaling awareness of inflation’s long-term effects. These companies aren’t changing their business models, but they are acknowledging that holding cash in today’s environment means silently bleeding purchasing power. This strategy helps improve the hurdle rate, enhances reserve productivity, and sends a forward-looking message to investors.

2. Offensive Accumulation and Securitization
Strategy (formerly MicroStrategy), Semler Scientific, and Metaplanet have adopted a more aggressive model. Rather than passively holding Bitcoin, they’ve turned their balance sheets into capital engines—securitizing their Bitcoin holdings through equity and debt issuance to fuel further accumulation. Their goal is to maximize BTC per share, enhance BTC yield, and create shareholder value through financial engineering that compounds exposure. These companies are rewriting the treasury playbook, showing that Bitcoin isn’t just a store of value—it can be a strategic accelerant.

Why Bitcoin—and Not Gold, Equities, or Cash?

Bitcoin isn’t just another asset. It’s engineered monetary policy.

➤ Fixed supply: Bitcoin’s 21 million cap creates built-in scarcity, unlike fiat or equity dilution.

➤ 24/7 liquidity: Global, permissionless markets give companies access to real-time value.

➤ Verifiability and portability: It’s digital capital that can’t be seized, censored, or inflated.

➤ Asymmetric upside: Bitcoin has consistently outperformed every major asset class over multi-year cycles.

More importantly, Bitcoin is narrative fuel. It communicates conviction, discipline, and macro-awareness—all of which modern investors are starving for.

The Components of a Successful Bitcoin Treasury Strategy

A Bitcoin treasury strategy isn’t just about buying Bitcoin. It’s about embedding it into capital structure and governance. That requires rigor.

➤ Treasury governance: Establish internal guardrails on allocation, rebalancing, and reporting.

➤ Secure custody: Choose institutional-grade solutions, with redundancy, auditability, and oversight.

➤ Capital deployment strategy: Some companies use cash. Others leverage equity, debt, or ATM programs.

➤ Market communication: The value of Bitcoin on your balance sheet rises with clarity, transparency, and frequency of investor communication.

Companies like Strategy (formerly MicroStrategy), Semler Scientific, and Metaplanet didn’t just buy Bitcoin. They built Bitcoin treasury frameworks—with real policies, investor alignment, and governance maturity.

How Bitcoin Reframes the Shareholder Relationship

The Bitcoin treasury model isn’t just a liquidity play. It’s a credibility signal.

➤ Narrative magnet: Bitcoin attracts attention—not just from retail investors, but from global institutions searching for proxy exposure.

➤ Alignment lever: High-conviction shareholders reward companies that act decisively and transparently.

➤ Shareholder base upgrade: Bitcoin introduces long-term, ideologically aligned holders who are less reactive to short-term earnings noise.

Bitcoin gives stale stories new energy. And in capital markets, momentum is everything.

Execution: What It Takes to Make This Strategy Work

Bitcoin is not a set-it-and-forget-it strategy. It requires:

➤ Executive conviction: Most successful strategies are driven by founders, activist chairs, or tightly aligned boards—not committees.

➤ Discipline over hype: Volatility is part of the game. But the strategy must be built to endure it.

➤ Clarity and timing: The best entries are paired with proactive shareholder education and public clarity—not reactive announcements.

The most common failure mode? Buying Bitcoin high, with no treasury framework in place, then being forced to sell low when pressure mounts. That’s not a Bitcoin failure—that’s a structure failure.

Conclusion: You Don’t Need a New Business Model—You Need a Capital One

A Bitcoin treasury strategy isn’t for everyone. But for companies with a strong cash position and weak narrative traction, it offers a clear path forward.

You don’t need to change your product. You don’t need to invent a new category. You need to stop leaking value through capital drift—and start signaling conviction through capital strategy.

In a market where performance is narrative, and capital is credibility, Bitcoin is the benchmark.

Zombie companies won’t survive on inertia. But with a Bitcoin treasury strategy, they might just come back to life.

Disclaimer: This content was written on behalf of Bitcoin For Corporations. This article is intended solely for informational purposes and should not be interpreted as an invitation or solicitation to acquire, purchase, or subscribe for securities.

This post The Bitcoin Treasury Strategy That’s Reanimating Zombie Companies first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Nick Ward.

@ 69eea734:4ae31ae6

Vor ein paar Tagen stieß ich auf einen faszinierenden Artikel von Michel Bauwens, Mitbegründer der P2PFoundation, mit Links zu weiteren Texten (zum Beispiel über den Puls der Commons), die ich ebenfalls äußerst interessant fand.

Der Artikel zeigt unter anderem, wie unterschiedlich Commons aussehen können, so dass ich ihn heute als Ausgangspunkt nehmen möchte, um ein paar Puzzle-Steine in mein entstehendes Bild der Commons einzufügen.

Das Grundmuster menschlichen Zusammenlebens?

Bauwens betrachtet die Commons aus historischer Sicht, wie sie sich in verschiedenen Zeiten unterschiedlich manifestieren, manchmal gar nahezu verschwinden und heute in wiederum veränderter Form neu entstehen – und plädiert dafür, dass sie noch weit stärker werden sollten.

Er legt zunächst dar, was die Commons sind und was nicht. (zum Beispiel nichts, was vom Staat verwaltet wird, wie ein öffentlicher Park.) Ausschlaggebend ist, dass eine Ressource von ihren Herstellern oder Benutzern selbst betreut wird. Commons entstehen dabei durch Beziehungen. Sie sind etwas spezifisch Menschliches und eine Wahl, die „fast immer“ zur Verfügung steht, so Bauwens. Eine die Geschichte überdauernde menschliche Praxis.

Er nennt drei verschiedene geschichtlichen Entwicklungen:

• Eine lineare - Wie präsentiert sich der Commons über verschiedene, komplexer werdende, Phasen der Menschheitsgeschichte hinweg?
• Eine hin und her schwingendende: In der Geschichte einer Zivilisation werden die Commons in Zeiten von Überfluss -- und daraus resultierender Verschwendung uns steigender Ressourcen-Extraktion -- unterdrückt, konstitutieren sich aber dann als Gegenbewegung wieder neu.
• Eine stufenweise: Die heutigen, mit neuen Möglichkeiten ausgestatteten Formen der Commons könnten in der nächsten Phase unserer Zivilisation (oder nach unserer Zivilisation) eine entscheidende Rolle spielen.

Wenn man verschiedene Arten des Austausches betrachtet (Bauwens beruft sich hierbei auf Alan Fiske), kann man geschichtlich analysieren, welche zu verschiedenen Zeiten vorrangig waren (dies tat Kojin Karatani in The Structure of World History von 2014).

Die vier Muster sind:

• Gemeinschaftliche Beteiligung, Commons (die Gemeinschaft baut mir ein Haus, und ich helfe später bei einem anderen Hausbau mit; ein Beispiel aus neuerer Zeit ist die Entwicklung von Linux)
• Wechselseitiger Austausch (Geschenkökonomie – es wird eine etwa gleichwertige Leistung zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt erwartet)
• Hierarchisch bedingte Verteilung, wie im Feudalismus
• Marktwirtschaft (es gibt ein allgemeines Zahlungsmittel mit einem bestimmten Wert)

Bauwens: „Entscheidend ist jedoch, dass die Menschheit ständig bestrebt ist, Modus A wiederherzustellen, denn die Menschen haben eine kulturelle und wahrscheinlich auch allgemeine Vorliebe für ein geselliges Leben in kleinen, vertrauten Gruppen. Aber menschliche Gruppen versuchen, dies auch auf höheren Komplexitätsebenen zu tun, in einem ständigen Versuch, die extraktive Logik der Zivilisation zu mäßigen.“ (Katarani bezeichnet eine Verbindung von Commoning und Geschenkökonomie in stammesorientierten Kulturen als Modus A)

Commons durch die Zeiten

In der ursprünglichsten Form der Commons in Jäger- und Sammler-Gemeinschaften, werden Nahrung und sonstige Ressourcen mit der ganzen Gemeinschaft geteilt - dies ist zumindest die vorherrschende Form des Austauschs.

Im Zuge der Agrar-Revolution geht es um das gemeinsame Bewirtschaften von Flächen.

Im Mittelalter entwickelt sich in Europa das Feudalsystem. Auch hier werden manche Felder aber noch von den Dorfbewohnern gemeinsam verwaltet.

Ab dem 16. Jahrhundert fanden, am stärksten in England, die Enclosures (auf deutsch Einhegungen) statt. Das heißt, dass Felder zur effizienteren Bewirtschaftung von den Besitzern zusammengelegt und umzäunt wurden.

Besonders im 19. Jahrhundert, mit dem Aufkommen der Industrialisierung, nahm diese Entwicklung immer stärker zu. Die landwirtschaftlichen Commons wurden dadurch weitgehend zerstört.

Im industriellen Kapitalismus, als die Arbeiter kaum Rechte hatten, und es auch um das bloße Überleben ging, entwickelte sich ein sozialer Commons Dieser bestand darin, dass sich die Arbeiter gegenseitig halfen und sich gegenseitig versicherten. Aus dieser Bewegung entstand dann der Sozialstaat. Der Staat übernahm also Aufgaben, die die Menschen zuvor füreinander geleistet hatten.

Man könnte daher sagen, dass im Kapitalismus die natürlichen Commons-Ressourcen privatisiert und die sozialen Commons verstaatlicht wurden.

In der Moderne waren sich viele Menschen der Bedeutung von Commons gar nicht mehr bewusst.

Mit dem Internet, dem World Wide Web und weiteren digitalen Techniken erschlossen sich dann neue Möglichkeiten. Mit Peer Production, Open Source Software, sowie den Creative Commons Lizenzen, enstand eine neue Inkarnation der Commons. Und damit ist die Entwicklung noch nicht abgeschlossen...

Warum Commons nicht in ein Links-Rechts-Schema passen

Mit seinem Streifzug durch die Geschichte zeigt Bauwens, wie vielfältig die Commons sein können, und warum ihnen in der heutigen Zeit eine starke Rolle zukommen sollte. Nebenbei ergibt sich für mich auch, dass sie jenseits von linker oder rechter Ideologie liegen. Hierzu eine kurze Zwischenbetrachtung von mir:

Weil es um kollektives Handeln geht, und auch wegen des Namens („hört sich an wie Kommunismus“, meinte meine Mutter), entsteht leicht der Eindruck, es handele sich um ein besonders linksgerichtetes Phänomen.

Eine gut eingespielte Fußballmannschaft agiert auch als Kollektiv. Der Verein verwaltet vielleicht ein Clubhaus. Wohl kaum jemand würde deswegen den Verein als links bezeichnen.

Freilich sind die Mitglieder heutiger Commons-Bewegungen vorwiegend „progressiv“, zuweilen auf eine rigide Weise. Bauwens hat damit schon eine leidvolle Erfahrung gemacht. Aber Commons als soziales System sind es nicht. Dafür spricht allein schon die Tatsache, dass es sie viel länger gibt als die politische Links-Rechts-Einteilung.

Eine starke Rolle für die Commons

Wie steht es um die Commons heute? Das werde ich in weiteren Artikeln noch versuchen zu beleuchten...

Michel Bauwens hat in seinen Artikeln noch Einiges dazu sagen. Inbesondere beführwortet er das Kosmo-Lokale (Cosmo-Local). Was leicht ist (Wissen) wird geteilt, was Gewicht hat (etwa landwirtschaftliche und andere Produktion), wird an lokale Gegebenheiten angepasst und vor Ort bewerkstelligt.

Und das Zusammenspiel von Digitalem und Materiellem verspricht weitere Möglichkeiten.

In jedem Fall haben die Commons eine ausgleichende, regenerierende Kraft, die wir aufgrund der heutigen vielen Kriesen gar nicht ungenützt lassen können, ganz unabhängig von unserer sozialer Ebene - das gilt auch für die Superreichen.

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Bitcoin Magazine

Mercurity Fintech to Raise $800 Million for Bitcoin Treasury 

Mercurity Fintech Holding Inc. (Nasdaq: MFH), a digital finance company focused on blockchain-based financial infrastructure, has announced plans to raise $800 million to establish a long-term Bitcoin treasury reserve. The initiative is part of the company’s effort to incorporate digital assets into its financial strategy. 

According to a recent news release, Mercurity intends to transition a portion of its reserves into Bitcoin, supported by blockchain-native custody, staking solutions, and tokenized treasury tools designed to advance yield and extend asset duration. 

“We’re building this Bitcoin treasury reserve based on our belief that Bitcoin will become an essential component of the future financial infrastructure,” said Shi Qiu, CEO of Mercurity. “We are positioning our company to be a key player in the evolving digital financial ecosystem.”

If fully raised and implemented at current market prices, the capital could allow the company to acquire approximately 7,433 BTC, which would make Mercurity the 11th largest corporate holder of Bitcoin, surpassing GameStop’s reported 4,710 BTC holdings. 

The announcement comes during a time of corporate interest in Bitcoin, with 223 companies and entities now holding the asset, up from 124 earlier this month. In total, public firms currently hold more than 819,000 BTC, accounting for roughly 3.9% of the total supply. 

Mercurity’s plans also coincide with its initial inclusion in the FTSE Russell 2000® and Russell 3000® indexes, according to the 2025 reconstitution list. The firm was previously listed in the Russell Microcap Index. Index inclusion is expected to increase the company’s visibility among institutional investors and funds that track major benchmarks.

“Moving from the Russell Microcap to the Russell 2000 shows that investors recognize the value we are creating in blockchain finance,” Qiu added. “Our Bitcoin treasury reserve initiative is the next logical step in this evolution.”

The company noted that the reserve will be managed using institutional-grade custody, on-chain liquidity protocols, and staking-enabled tools to improve capital efficiency. The goal is to not just hold Bitcoin, but to put it to work within a secure, yield-generating structure. By using these systems, Mercurity aims to maintain long-term exposure to BTC while maximizing reserve productivity. 

With this initiative, Mercurity joins a growing list of public companies actively reshaping treasury strategy around Bitcoin, signaling continued momentum in corporate Bitcoin adoption. 

This post Mercurity Fintech to Raise $800 Million for Bitcoin Treasury  first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.

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Bitcoin Magazine

Remixpoint Invests ¥887 Million More Into Bitcoin

Remixpoint Inc. (3825.T), a management consulting services company, announced it has purchased ¥887.3 million worth of Bitcoin, acquiring 55.68 BTC at an average price of ¥15.94 million per coin. 

JUST IN: Remixpoint just keeps buying more #bitcoin. Another 55.68 BTC today and they now have a total of 981.39 BTC. pic.twitter.com/mTkZg8mNO4

— NLNico (@btcNLNico) June 12, 2025

Following this purchase, the company now holds a total of 981.39 BTC, with a market value of approximately ¥15.63 billion. The unrealized gain on its Bitcoin holdings stands at ¥2.32 billion, reflecting their confidence in Bitcoin’s long term value. The funds came from the exercise of stock acquisition rights conducted on June 10.

Remixpoint Inc. is a Japanese company that started in the auto and energy sectors but has changed toward digital assets. It’s one of the few public companies in Japan actively holding Bitcoin, seeing it as both a store of value and a hedge against the weakening yen. Their move highlights a growing shift in Japan’s corporate space toward Bitcoin adoption.

Bitcoin has been so strong over the years that even in Japan, more companies are adding it to their balance sheets. It all started with Metaplanet, which was originally a hotel and hospitality company. In 2024, they shifted their strategy entirely and began accumulating Bitcoin as a treasury asset. That move caught the attention of investors and marked a turning point in Japan’s corporate approach to digital assets. Since then, Metaplanet has leaned fully into the Bitcoin thesis, positioning itself as Japan’s version of Strategy.

Recently, Metaplanet also announced its “555 Million Plan,” aiming to acquire 210,000 BTC, which is about 1% of Bitcoin’s total supply, by the end of 2027. This represents a major step up from its original “21 Million Plan,” which aimed for just 21,000 BTC. As of June 2, the company had already secured 8,888 BTC, far ahead of schedule and signaling strong momentum in its accumulation strategy.

Metaplanet has launched Asia’s largest-ever equity raise dedicated to Bitcoin:
¥770.9 billion (~$5.4B) capital raise
555 million shares via moving strike warrants
First in Japan: issued at a premium to market — enabled by Metaplanet’s high volatility and deep liquidity… pic.twitter.com/UlXHneyDzo

— Simon Gerovich (@gerovich) June 6, 2025

To fund this effort, Metaplanet launched Japan’s first moving strike warrant structure, issuing 555 million shares to raise approximately ¥770.9 billion. The plan was approved following a 10-for-1 stock split and a shareholder vote to increase authorized shares. With robust BTC yield performance and growing investor backing, Metaplanet is quickly establishing itself as Japan’s most influential corporate player in the Bitcoin space.

This post Remixpoint Invests ¥887 Million More Into Bitcoin first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Oscar Zarraga Perez.

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Bitcoin Magazine

Bitcoin: How To Solve the Student Loan Crisis

Student loans continue to trouble millions of Americans, with a total of $1.77 trillion already owed. This crisis has been a major political issue for a while, especially after former President Biden promised to wipe out all of the student loan debt and ended up only fulfilling half of the promise. These billions of dollars are not just numbers on a spreadsheet; they represent people who repay their debt, every month, year in and year out. While the standard repayment plan spans 10 years, the reality is far more daunting: The average borrower takes 20-30 years to repay their loans. 

There are over two million new undergraduates every year, and, on average, they graduate with $29,400 in debt. Some, like medical students, surpass $250,000 in debt — a mortgage-sized pile. Almost $100 billion in new debt is created every year, piled upon the already unsustainable student debt pile. Similar to how we have (haven’t) dealt with public pensions, instead of dismantling a failed system we keep feeding the machine and crushing people’s lives and dreams underneath its weight. But perhaps there’s a way for future generations to avoid this dreadful fate — by borrowing new ideas from similar fields.

Real Estate: The Store of Value (SoV) Since Nixon

The real estate market is another system that heavily relies on debt to keep functioning, and like student loans, it’s not working too well. 

Real estate is a market where it’s completely normal to go 10x levered long on a single asset while putting all of your savings into it. Talk about idiosyncratic risk. The entire market has been in deep pain worldwide, not necessarily because of the debt, but due to how the fiat system has turned real estate into an investment-and-savings mechanism. In turn, the great investment of one generation becomes the unaffordable housing for the next. But a subset of the population has been divesting from the asset in favor of a better savings vehicle: bitcoin. 

Part of their thesis in divesting from real estate and moving to bitcoin is that they predict that bitcoin’s superior SoV function will drive real estate prices down, wreaking havoc on a fragile and overpriced asset class. This makes quite a bit of sense, especially to those individuals who invested in real estate in search of those SoV properties in the first place; they now have to contend with increasing risk all over the world, putting in peril what was once a “safe SoV” asset class. From wildfires all over the place to floods, expropriations, new taxes, and wars breaking out in places previously unimaginable, some investors are just fed up.

But housing is still necessary, and we still need to build a massive amount of new houses. In almost all major cities in the world, there’s a housing crisis driven in large part by shortages. This is due to lackluster housing buildouts following the 2008 great financial crisis, driven directly by housing debt. Thus, even if all of the real estate owners put all of their stock of housing into the market, we would still have to develop and construct new ones. But it’s hard to convince real estate developers to do so when you also tell them that, in bitcoin terms, the houses they are building will be worth less by the time they sell them.

Bitcoin Replaces Real Estate

That’s where a German Bitcoiner and real estate developer named Leon Wankum steps in and turns the problem into a solution. You may even say he used financial jiu-jitsu because his idea is to bundle new, debt-heavy real estate projects with a bitcoin fund. This way, a $10 million project — of which $9 million is debt-financed — would allocate a small percentage of the financing to bitcoin, in order to hedge the depreciation and devaluation of the main asset and thereby benefit from the appreciation of bitcoin. This way, real estate developers can leverage the debt-heavy nature of the real estate market to cover the demand for housing while also hedging themselves from any SoV risk that bitcoin may pose to that asset.

This seemed like a crazy idea. Bitcoin and real estate: a super conservative mainstream infrastructure investment combined with a hyper-volatile digital savings vehicle — an unlikely marriage. Yet, polar opposites attract, and an idea is only crazy until someone replicates it and makes it work. 

To everyone’s surprise, that’s exactly what happened last year, when Andrew Hohns of Newmarket Capital went on TV to announce they had started applying Wankum’s model to offer a loan to a real estate developer. They had provided financing for a real estate project with a few special conditions: 

• the developer had to use a small proportion to buy bitcoin, which was placed in escrow.
• the bitcoin is inextricably tied with the real estate asset.
• and the bitcoin has to be held for four years minimum.

The experiment was off to the races. If the past serves as a guide, this new investment structure will greatly reduce the burden of the loan.

Bitcoin and Student Debts, Rescuing the Next Generation

At this point, the parallels to student loans should be pretty clear. When 18-year-olds take out a mortgage-sized loan to bet on their education, their future human capital is effectively becoming the real estate (collateral) that backs the debt. Their capacity to make extra income from the knowledge and certificates they acquired by going into debt will help them pay it off (given that all goes well). Investment margins become very sensitive and risk increases immensely when huge amounts of leverage are added to any investment — be it trading stocks, real estate, or your future. Your room for maneuvering decreases, and you get trapped in the path you choose.

Thus, if you yourself become the real estate securing this mortgage-sized student debt, perhaps you could also secure that loan and reduce the burden on the main asset (you) by integrating bitcoin into the mix. This could have great benefits for all parties involved: decreasing the risk for the lender and giving increased peace of mind and opportunities for the borrower (you, the student).

One of the main advantages of adding bitcoin to your student debt structure is that there are now two assets rowing against the financial repayment current: yourself and bitcoin. By going to university, learning new skills and getting certificates, you open up the path to better-paid jobs and higher earning potentials, aka higher salaries. The more intriguing component is the bitcoin tied to your student debts. As a teenager itself, bitcoin has had an incredible CAGR over its lifespan. Even conservative numbers indicate that bitcoin will return about 60% annually for the foreseeable future. When compared with the 10-15% usually provided by the S&P 500, bitcoin looks like a Ferrari competing against horses. 

The other advantage is one that frustrates most students, and it has to do with acquiring bitcoin once they understand it. Unlike most adults, undergrads have barely had any time to build up savings, and are therefore unable to exchange much fiat for hard bitcoin. This can become incredibly frustrating, especially because you know that if you were a decade older, you could have aped into bitcoin and retired your entire bloodline. But now you are stuck being 16, saving up pennies, and sacrificing your younger years for trifling amounts of bitcoin that won’t make a difference in your lifetime. So close, yet so far away.

But what is debt if not a way to bring future purchasing power into the present? Debt is a time-traveling machine that allows people to buy assets by leveraging their future earnings, revenues, or salaries. And thankfully, the current system is created so that the moment you can legally go to jail or go to war, you can also indebt yourself up to your eyeballs with the promise of future wages as a doctor, engineer, lawyer, or another profession.

Funnily enough, bitcoin’s recommended minimum holding time is also the number of years for an average college degree — four years. This means that, as long as you create a similar structure as the one proposed by Newmarket Capital, where the bitcoin has a four-year holding period, you’ll be using financial jiu-jitsu. The four-year holding period, however, does not mean that the student needs to sell at that point. The question of how to manage your finances between repaying the student loans, selling the bitcoin, or acquiring more is a more complex and personal issue. Regardless of what any student does, with this hybrid method, student debts can help young Bitcoiners leap forward instead of taking a step back.

With this new method, students — and their families — now have another thing to celebrate when they walk onto the graduation stage. And if you drop out of school, for any set of reasons that life may hit you with, your student loan now comes with a fail-safe met

@ 6a6be47b:3e74e3e1

Hi frens! 🌝

🎨Today I painted a full moon, and it got me thinking about how special June’s full moon is. You might have heard it called the “Strawberry Moon” —but that’s not because of its color! According to the Old Farmer’s Almanac, it’s called like that because it's “when the strawberry harvest took place.” 🍓

Fun fact:

“A Moon usually appears reddish when it’s close to the horizon because the light rays must pass through the densest layers of the atmosphere.”


From almanac.com

In Europe, June’s full moon has also been called the “Rose Moon” or even the “Honey Moon,” since it’s the time of the first honey harvest.

According to UK archaeologist and historian Jennifer Wexler in Sky At Night Magazine this year’s Strawberry Moon is extra special because it’s part of a “major lunar standstill,” or lunistice—a rare event that only happens every 18.6 years! During this period, the moon’s path across the sky reaches its most extreme points, making moonrises and moonsets appear unusually far apart. After 2025, we won’t see a standstill like this again until 2043, so this is a once-in-a-generation chance to catch the lowest full moon.

But what is a full moon, anyway?

“A full moon rises around sunset and sets around sunrise. The Moon will appear full for a couple of days.”


From science.nasa.gov

Here’s my watercolor painting of the full moon. I love how magical it looks—there’s something mysterious and humbling about it, and it’s just mesmerizing to catch it (almost) every night in the sky.

💭 Were you able to see the Strawberry Moon this year? I’d love to hear about it!

See you soon, frens.

Godspeed! 🌕

https://stacker.news/items/1004621

@ f1989a96:bcaaf2c1

Good morning, readers!

This week, we begin in Kenya, where police detained Rose Njeri, a software developer and mother of two, for building a website that enables Kenyans to flag causes and email parliament concerning an unpopular tax bill that threatens to raise the cost of living in an already inflation-sticky economy. Due to the holiday court calendar, Njeri remains behind bars awaiting criminal prosecution for what officials claim interfered with government systems, but was really a peaceful resistance to unfavorable economic policy.\ \ To a similar tune, in Venezuela, law enforcement stormed the home of Guillermo Goncalves, co-founder of El Dorado, a peer-to-peer trading app used by Venezuelans to exchange rapidly depreciating bolivares for stablecoins (digital tokens pegged to fiat currency like the US dollar). The El Dorado app filled a gap in Venezuela’s collapsing economy: offering a market-based exchange rate for bolivars and access to more stable currencies.\ \ In freedom tech news, Breez, a company building on the Lightning Network, added support for BOLT 12 and BIP 353 to its Nodeless Software Development Kit (SDK). This will enable wallets powered by the Breez Nodeless SDK to implement these features. BIP 353 makes it easier for activists and NGOs with an Internet domain to receive Bitcoin donations. And BOLT 12 brings greater privacy and efficiency to Bitcoin’s Lightning Network.\ \ We end with an interview with Hong Kong dissident Nathan Law, who turned to Bitcoin to stay active in his push for freedom and democracy in the wake of China’s authoritarian crackdown.

Now, let’s take a closer look.

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GLOBAL NEWS

Kenya | Criminal Prosecution of Software Developer

In Nairobi, Kenya, law enforcement raided the home of software developer Rose Njeri and took her into custody. Her alleged crime: building a platform that lets Kenyans review and email their elected representatives concerning an unpopular tax bill threatening to raise their cost of living. On May 30, 15 officers stormed her home without a warrant, seized her devices, and detained her incommunicado for more than 88 hours. Officials claim her web tool, which auto-generated feedback emails to Kenyan parliament, illegally interfered with government systems. Outside the police station, many Kenyans gathered in protest, demanding her immediate release. Last year, a similar finance bill triggered mass demonstrations and a brutal crackdown that left dozens dead. Njeri’s arrest shows the growing risks civic technologists face and depicts the growing trend of using state power to suppress peaceful pushback to unfavorable economic policy.

Venezuela | National Police Raid Home of El Dorado Founder

Venezuela’s National Police stormed the home of Guillermo Goncalves, co-founder of El Dorado, a peer-to-peer trading app used by Venezuelans to exchange rapidly depreciating bolivares for stablecoins like Tether (USDT) and Circle (USDC). The platform filled a critical gap: offering market-based pricing for bolivares and access to more stable currency. Nonetheless, the regime accuses Goncalves of fueling currency speculation, pointing to past comments where Goncalves highlighted the disconnect between the “official” exchange rate of the bolivar, as set by the Central Bank of Venezuela, and the parallel market rate. The arrests of those publishing truthful economic data and providing alternatives to 162% inflation under the guise of “stability” are hallmarks of a dictatorship that destroyed its currency and is now hunting down those trying to survive outside its system.

Tanzania | Blocks Access to X and Telegram Amid Financial, Political, and Media Repression

Tanzania restricted access to X and Telegram across major Internet providers following a hack of the Tanzanian police force’s official account. The platforms remain offline more than three weeks later in the lead-up to October’s presidential and parliamentary elections. The timing of the shutdown also coincides with the kidnapping of Ugandan journalist, lawyer, and Oslo Freedom Forum speaker Agather Atuhaire, who says she was tortured and sexually assaulted while in Tanzanian custody before being left at the border between Tanzania and Uganda. Recently, the government also banned the use of foreign currency in daily transactions, forcing citizens to rely on the weakening Tanzanian shilling. And in April, the opposition CHADEMA party was disqualified from participating in the October elections under the pretense of treason against party leader Tundu Lissu. The censorship of online platforms, suppression of opposition and dissidents, and laws banning foreign currency all signal a coordinated strategy to silence criticism and strip Tanzanians of both their political voice and financial autonomy.

Russia | Proposes Relocating Bitcoin Miners

Russia’s energy ministry is considering relocating Bitcoin miners to northern regions, where old energy infrastructure sits idle and the state can keep a closer eye. The plan comes months after the Kremlin banned mining across ten southern regions (including Dagestan and Chechnya), citing fears over energy shortages. But the ban has chiefly targeted individual and small-scale miners, not state-aligned corporations. Many independent miners, especially in poorer regions, used Bitcoin to escape financial isolation. Now, they’re being squeezed out in favor of top-down regulations. As the Kremlin tightens its grip on domestic energy and economic activity, it’s clear that the regime sees Bitcoin not as a tool for freedom but as something to be contained, regulated, and surveilled.

Israel | Freezes Bank Account of NGO Providing Aid in Palestine

Physicians for Human Rights Israel, a nonprofit providing medical aid in the West Bank and Gaza, has revealed that its bank accounts were frozen at the beginning of the year. The nonprofit, which previously ran regular medical missions in Palestine, says it was first blocked from making transactions, then warned by its bank, and finally notified in January that its account would be closed. These banking restrictions are not isolated. According to Lee Caspie, the deputy director of physicians for Human Rights Israel, other Israeli nonprofits providing aid to Palestinians receive similar financial treatment. Caspie shared that a new bill advancing would also impose an 80% tax on foreign grants to Israeli charities, with an exemption for those deemed acceptable by the government. These measures threaten to worsen a humanitarian crisis by leaving civil society organizations providing crucial support and services in Palestine financially cut off.

Hungary | Postpones Law That Would Ban Foreign-Funded Organizations

In a small win for civil society in Hungary, Viktor Orbán’s ruling Fidesz party postponed a vote on a sweeping bill that would grant the Orbán regime power to monitor, penalize, and potentially shut down any organization receiving foreign funds. Framed as protecting “sovereignty,” the proposal closely mirrors Russia’s foreign agent law and has been widely condemned as a death blow to Hungary’s independent institutions, media, and dissidents. While officials now say they need more time to “debate the means,” critics warn the delay is a tactical move, not a change of heart. The bill casts an intentionally wide net, branding foreign-backed efforts to defend press freedom and LGBTQ+ rights as threats to national identity and political discourse. “Its aim is to silence all critical voices and eliminate what remains of Hungarian democracy once and for all,” according to a joint statement signed by more than 300 civil society and media organizations.

BITCOIN AND FREEDOM TECH NEWS

Breez | Adds BOLT 12 and BIP 353 Support to Nodeless SDK

Breez, a company helping build out the Bitcoin Lightning economy, released support for BOLT 12 and BIP 353, enabling wallets using the Breez Nodeless SDK (such as Misty Breez and Klever) to implement these features. BOLT 12 is a critical update to the Lightning Network that brings increased privacy and greater censorship resistance to Bitcoin transactions for those facing financial repression. It also introduces reusable payment requests for recurring payments (such as tips and donations to human rights defenders). BIP 353 enables individuals and organizations with access to a domain the ability to create static, human-readable payment addresses (such as user@domain) for Bitcoin payments. With this integration, NGOs or activists with an internet domain and wallet using the Breez SDK can receive uncensorable donations through their domain in an accessible way. Implementing these new Bitcoin features will provide users with greater financial freedom and autonomy under authoritarian regimes.

BTCNutServer | Accept Ecash Payments with BTCPay Server

A new experimental plugin called BTCNutServer is attempting to bring ecash payments to BTCPay Server. The idea is to allow users to accept Cashu ecash tokens alongside Bitcoin using BTCPay Server’s self-custodial and self-hosted infrastructure. Ecash specifically is a digital money system backed by Bitcoin and designed to offer instant, low-cost, and very private transactions. For activists and dissidents, ecash enables bitcoin payments without compromising financial privacy. But users must trust mints (entities that manage and issue ecash tokens) to custody their funds. Though still in early development, BTCNutServer could enable charities, nonprofits, and merchants in repressive countries to accept ecash through BTCPay Server and, in doing so, keep their financial activity hidden from state surveillance.

Private Pond | New Experimental Payjoin System

Private Pond is a new experimental project that builds upon the Payjoin protocol to improve both the privacy and efficiency of Bitcoin transactions. Payjoin works by mixing inputs of a bitcoin payment with inputs from the recipient, making it harder for outside observers to trace who paid whom. Private Pond takes this concept further: it is an application designed to optimize Bitcoin transaction rails (such as a platform’s deposits and withdrawals). It uses transaction batching to bundle many deposits and withdrawals into a single transaction, using incoming deposits to fund outgoing withdrawals. While it’s not production-ready, if Private Pond were implemented in other applications, it could lower fees, create stronger privacy, and expose fewer funds. Innovations like this help strengthen Bitcoin’s original purpose: a financial network that resists censorship and surveillance while staying efficient and scalable.

Chorus.Community | New Social App for Activists

Chorus.Community is a new social app introduced at the 2025 Oslo Freedom Forum that is designed for people who operate under surveillance or censorship. Developed on permissionless technologies like Bitcoin and Nostr, Chorus allows users to share updates, send voice notes, organize groups, and raise funds, all without needing an email, phone number, or approval from any central authority. Unlike traditional platforms, Chorus cannot easily be blocked or shut down. Future updates will include encrypted messaging and group features, further enhancing security. For activists, journalists, and organizers working in closed societies, Chorus offers a new way to stay connected, coordinate, and support one another. Human rights defenders can try it here.

Bitcoin Policy Institute | Upcoming Bitcoin Policy Summit

The Bitcoin Policy Institute will be hosting its third annual Bitcoin Policy Summit from June 25-26 in Washington, DC, bringing together lawmakers, academics, and advocates to help shape and understand the future of Bitcoin policy in the US. A highlight of the event will be HRF’s chief strategy officer, Alex Gladstein’s keynote, “Bitcoin is the Most Powerful Human Rights Tool of the 21st Century,” which will explain Bitcoin’s growing role in resisting authoritarianism and protecting civil liberties worldwide. Learn more about the event here.

HRF | Gifts 800 Million Satoshis to 22 Freedom Projects Worldwide

HRF gifted 800 million satoshis in its Q2 2025 round of Bitcoin Development Fund (BDF) grants, supporting 22 open-source freedom projects worldwide. These projects advance Bitcoin education, open-source software, mining decentralization, and privacy tools for activists contending with authoritarian regimes and dictatorships across Latin America, Africa, and Asia. Supporting censorship-resistant financial tools and permissionless technologies like Bitcoin, Nostr, ecash, Tor, VPNs, and more empowers dissidents, journalists, and civil society to organize, transact, communicate, and speak without state suppression, interference, or manipulation. Learn more about the grantees and their work here. This round of grants also marks the 5-year anniversary of the Bitcoin Development Fund! Watch our anniversary announcement video to celebrate this milestone with us.

OpenSats | Announces 11th Wave of Bitcoin Grants

OpenSats, a public nonprofit funding free and open-source software, announced its 11th wave of grants advancing the Bitcoin protocol as a tool for financial freedom. Among the projects, Mostro and Payjoin stand out for their importance to dissidents and anyone seeking greater financial sovereignty. Mostro is a peer-to-peer Bitcoin exchange protocol built on nostr, allowing users to trade Bitcoin directly without relying on centralized intermediaries that can be surveilled, censored, or shut down. Meanwhile, Payjoin enhances Bitcoin transaction privacy by breaking common heuristics used to trace payments, making it harder for authoritarian surveillance tools to identify payees and the amount transacted. Together, these tools give people living under repressive regimes more private, resilient ways to save and transact.

RECOMMENDED CONTENT

Nathan Law on Hong Kong’s Fight for Freedom, Bitcoin, and Lessons for the West with Ben Perrin

In this interview with Bitcoin educator Ben Perrin (BTC Sessions), exiled Hong Kong activist Nathan Law reveals how Bitcoin became a critical tool for resisting financial blacklisting under China’s authoritarian crackdown. With a $140,000 bounty on his head and no access to traditional banking, Law turned to Bitcoin to stay active in his push for freedom and democracy. Watch the full conversation here.

If this article was forwarded to you and you enjoyed reading it, please consider subscribing to the Financial Freedom Report here.

Support the newsletter by donating bitcoin to HRF’s Financial Freedom program via BTCPay.\ Want to contribute to the newsletter? Submit tips, stories, news, and ideas by emailing us at ffreport @ hrf.org

The Bitcoin Development Fund (BDF) is accepting grant proposals on an ongoing basis. The Bitcoin Development Fund is looking to support Bitcoin developers, community builders, and educators. Submit proposals here.

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@ 5627e59c:d484729e

Ik sta hier nu een poos\ Bevroren, machteloos

Ik wil graag iets veranderen\ Gewoon iets doen voor anderen

Maar het mag precies niet zijn\ En dat doet me veel pijn

Verlamd en vol van onbegrip\ Ik krijg er maar geen grip op

Op de wereld en de mensen\ Zij verpletteren mijn diepste wensen

Niemand die eens hoort\ Naar wat mij toch zo stoort

Ik kan nog eens proberen\ Om de wereld om te keren

Maar ik weet, het heeft geen zin\ Ik raak nooit binnen in

De ander\ Kom, verander

Misschien wordt het eens tijd\ Dat ik mezelf bevrijd

Van al die overmacht\ Die mij toch zo versmacht

Een stapje achteruit\ Adem in en adem uit

Ik doe mijn oogjes dicht\ En zie wie mij verplicht

Opzadelt met ambitie\ Van waar komt toch die missie

Al de pijn die ik niet aankan\ En van 't bestaan verban

Al 't bewijs voor mijn geloof\ Dat ik niet meer vliegen kan

@ 523a8281:fc94329a

In the dynamic and rapidly evolving blockchain industry over the past decade, Gerald Check has become one of the most influential investors in the Web3 space, thanks to his visionary foresight and a series of successful strategic moves. From his role as an executive at global leading exchanges like Binance and MEXC, he transitioned into becoming the founder of the top investment firm, GC Capital. Gerald Check's career trajectory is essentially the evolution of Web3 capital power.

From Platform Executive to Industry Evangelist

Gerald Check previously served as the Strategic Vice President at Binance and Global Market Director at MEXC. During his time at these platforms, he witnessed and participated in the entire process of crypto assets, from early speculative hype to their gradual shift toward real-world industrial applications. Starting in 2020, he began to focus more on Web3 infrastructure development and early-stage project incubation, believing that the next trillion-dollar opportunity would emerge at the intersection of "deep value and real-world application scenarios."

"I don’t want to be just a decision-maker on the platform, I want to be the force that drives the industry forward," Gerald Check said in an interview. Driven by this philosophy, GC Capital was born. Unlike traditional investment banks, GC Capital positions itself as a "strategically-driven partnership capital" firm: it not only provides funding but also participates in projects with its team, ecosystem resources, and operational capabilities, becoming a long-term co-builder. "Capital should not just focus on returns, it should empower the team," emphasized Gerald Check. In its two years of existence, GC Capital has invested in and incubated dozens of early-stage Web3 projects across sectors such as DeFi, GameFi, AI, and RWA, all of which have achieved impressive results. Driving Hit Projects: The "Talent Scout’s Eye" Behind the Scenes

Perhaps the most representative project is MetaMars. This metaverse ecosystem project, co-incubated by GC Capital and M3 DAO, has seen its token MARS increase by more than 35 times since its launch, with a monthly surge of up to 400%, making it a classic example of combining Web3 community operation and product. "We started getting involved before the concept was fully formed, not just investing money but working alongside the team to refine the economic model and optimize the launch rhythm," Gerald mentioned. Additionally, GC Capital invested in the decentralized AI cloud gaming platform DeepLink. The project integrates AI, blockchain, and streaming, and has been dubbed "Steam+Teamviewer of the Web3 Era." M3 DAO then formed a strategic partnership to co-build a Web3 gaming experience ecosystem. Projects like Voopay, LoserChick, and Rocket have also seen explosive growth with GC Capital's support, validating the team's ability to identify and accelerate early-stage projects. Co-building with M3 DAO: From Investor to Core Ecosystem Member Among all the collaborations, the deep partnership between GC Capital and M3 DAO stands out. Gerald himself entered the M3 DAO core team as a co-CEO, driving the upgrades of infrastructures like MarsVerse and MarsChain. The two parties also jointly promoted the $200 million Phuket RWA Resort Project, marking the first realization of the "Web3+Gaming+Tourism" industry fusion model, injecting digital vitality into physical assets. "We aim not only to invest in the future on-chain but also to reconstruct off-chain economic models," said Gerald Check. Gerald Check’s Future Vision: Long-Termism and Global Layout

Gerald is working to expand GC Capital’s international presence. In the next three years, GC will establish regional incubation centers in Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Europe and launch the "Web3 Global Investors Academy" to create a support system that integrates technology, capital, and community. At the same time, he is also looking for the next generation of Web3 entrepreneurs who are persistent, understand users, and are willing to co-build. "Web3 is not a speculative game, but an opportunity to reconstruct the order. We are willing to go through the cycles with great teams," this is one of Gerald Check’s most frequently quoted phrases. In this era of accelerating change, Gerald Check and GC Capital are gradually becoming an important bridge connecting capital with industry, imagination with reality. GC Capital official website: https://gc.capital/

@ 523a8281:fc94329a

MetaMars has rapidly established itself as a standout project in the 2025 cryptocurrency market, with its $MARS token soaring over 3000%, driven by a visionary Mars-themed metaverse narrative, sophisticated tokenomics, a strong community, and strategic KOL partnerships led by M3 DAO. This momentum has now expanded into the Japanese market following successes in India, Russia, Vietnam, Turkey, and Germany, where top influencers with million-strong followings in cryptocurrency, technology, and finance have joined MetaMars’ “Builders Alliance.” Their expert insights and dynamic multi-platform promotional efforts have injected unparalleled energy into the MetaMars ecosystem, fueling explosive growth and deep community engagement. Celebrated as “The Web3 Metaverse of the Future,” this campaign has already surpassed 200,000 views, underscoring its powerful resonance and expanding influence.

The Strategic Decision to Enter Japan: A Market Analysis Japan’s cryptocurrency and metaverse landscape presents a unique opportunity. Crypto adoption has surged to 34% of the population in 2025, with over 15 million active users, making Japan a top-five global market by daily trading volume. Major exchanges like Bitflyer and Coincheck handle over $1.2 billion weekly, supported by clear regulations such as the Payment Services Act and FSA-approved frameworks that ensure stability for users and investors.

The metaverse sector is equally promising, projected to reach ¥16 trillion ($110 billion) by 2026. According to a 2025 Dentsu Research report, 62% of Japanese crypto holders are interested in metaverse projects, especially virtual land, NFTs, and blockchain gaming. This cultural affinity, combined with a tech-savvy population, creates an ideal environment for MetaMars’ Mars-themed universe.

From Grassroots to Grand Scale: The Catalyst for Mass Promotion While MetaMars began community building in Japan in 2024, the current phase marks a strategic pivot toward large-scale promotion designed to empower the local ecosystem—an effort undertaken closely with M3 DAO. This collaboration focuses on deepening community engagement through multifaceted support: educational programs, mentorship from local thought leaders, localized learning resources, and KOL-led offline events. M3 DAO’s expertise in DAO governance and community operations complements MetaMars’ metaverse infrastructure, creating synergy that fuels sustained growth.

This approach prioritizes organic development over mere expansion. Weekly Web3 education sessions in Japanese, hosted by M3 DAO’s regional ambassadors, guide users through blockchain fundamentals and $MARS token utilities. Local leaders—curated from early adopters and industry veterans—offer one-on-one mentorship, while a comprehensive library of video tutorials, infographics, and case studies (translated by native speakers) ensures accessible knowledge. KOLs play the role of "ecological architects" here, participating in the planning of local Tokyo metaverse workshops, NFT creation challenges and other activities, with their influence covering content creation, community operation and even the formulation of ecological development roadmaps.

Conclusion: Embracing the Japanese Cultural Metaverse Revolution As MetaMars deepens its roots in Japan, the project embarks on a transformative journey that fuses cultural heritage with cutting-edge metaverse technology. In collaboration with M3 DAO, the initiative focuses on crafting immersive experiences that resonate locally—from anime-inspired NFT collections co-created with Japanese gaming studios to digital renditions of cultural landmarks, where KOLs and community members serve as digital guides and content architects. These collaborations extend beyond aesthetics: Japanese KOLs involved in the MetaMars DAO lead beta testing for new features, ensuring technological advancements—from blockchain governance tools to payment integrations—align with user needs.

In the coming months, KOLs will spearhead "metaverse labs," inviting fans to co-design virtual festivals, traditional art exhibitions, and interactive storytelling experiences within the Mars ecosystem. Leveraging M3 DAO’s community-building expertise and local KOLs’ cultural translation capabilities, MetaMars aims not only to expand its user base but to nurture a metaverse ecosystem where Japanese digital culture thrives. This serves as a pivot to pave the way for similar initiatives in markets like South Korea and Taiwan. The Martian landscape is evolving into a vibrant canvas for cultural innovation, inviting every user, KOL, and creator to become both planners and builders of this new digital frontier.

@ 472f440f:5669301e

Marty's Bent

via me

I had a completely different newsletter partially written earlier tonight about whether or not "this cycle is different" when this nagging thought entered my head. So I'm going to write about this and maybe I'll write about the dynamics of this cycle compared to past cycles tomorrow.

A couple of headlines shot across my desk earlier tonight in relation to the potential escalation of kinetic warfare in the Middle East. Apparently the U.S. Embassy in Iraq was sent a warning and evacuation procedures were initiated. Not too long after, the world was made aware that the United States and Israel are contemplating an attack on Iran due to the "fact" that Iran may be close to producing nuclear weapins. The initial monkey brain reaction that I had to these two headlines was, "Oh shit, here we go again. We're going to do something stupid." My second reaction was, "Oh shit, here we go again, I've seen these two exact headlines many times over the years and they've proven to be lackluster if you're a doomer or blood thirsty war monger." Nothing ever happens.

As I venture into my mid-30s and reflect on a life filled with these types of headlines and my personal reactions to these headlines, I'm finally becoming attuned to the fact that the monkey brain reactions aren't very productive at the end of the day. Who knows exactly what's going to happen in Iraq or Iran and whether or not kinetic warfare escalates and materializes from here? Even though I'm a "blue-blooded taxpaying American citizen" who is passively and unwillingly contributing to the war machine and the media industrial complex, there's really nothing I can do about it.

The only thing I can do is focus on what is in front of me. What I have control of. And attempt to leverage what I have control of to make my life and the life of my family as good as humanly possible. Ignoring the external and turning inward often produces incredible results. Instead of worrying about what the media wants you to believe at any given point in time, you simply look away from your computer screen, survey the physical space which you're operating in and determine what you have, what you need and how you can get what you need. This is a much more productive way to spend your time.

This is what I want to touch on right now. There's never been a better time in human history to be productive despite what the algorithm on X or the mainstream media will lead you to believe. Things aren't as great as they could be, but they're also not as bad as you're being led to believe. We live in the Digital Age and the Digital Age provides incredible resources that you can leverage to make YOUR life better.

Social media allows you to create a platform without spending any money. AI allows you to build tools that are beneficial to yourself and others with very little money. And bitcoin exists to provide you with the best form of money that you can save in with the knowledge that your relative ownership of the overall supply isn't going to change. No matter what happens in the external world.

If you can combine these three things to make your life better and - by extension - potentially make the lives of many others better, you're going to be well off in the long run. Combining these three things isn't going to result in immediate gratification, but if you put forth a concerted effort, spend the time, have some semblance of patience, and stick with it, I truly believe that you will benefit massively in the long run. Without trying to sound like a blowhard, I truly believe that this is why I feel relatively calm (despite my monkey brain reactions to the headlines of the day) at this current point in time.

We've entered the era of insane leaps in productivity and digital hard money that cannot be corrupted. The biggest mistake you can make in your life right now is overlooking the confluence of these two things. With an internet connection, an idea, some savvy, and hard work you can materially change your life. Create something that levels up your knowledge, that enables you to get a good job in the real world, or to create a company of your own. Bring your talents to the market, exchange them for money, and then funnel that money into bitcoin (if you're not being paid in it already). We may be at the beginning of a transition from the high velocity trash economy to the high leverage agency economy run on sound money and applied creativity.

These concepts are what you should be focusing most of your time and attention to today and in the years ahead. Don't get distracted by the algorithm, the 30-second video clips, the headlines filled with doom, and the topics of the 24 hour news cycle. I'll admit, I often succumb to them myself. But, as I get older and develop a form of pattern recognition that can only be attained by being on this planet for a certain period of time, it is becoming very clear that those things are not worth your attention.

Living by the heuristic that "nothing ever happens" is a pretty safe bet. Funnily enough, it's incredibly ironic that you're led to believe that something is happening every single day, and yet nothing ever happens. By getting believing that something happens every day you are taking your attention away from doing things that happen to make your life better.

Tune out the noise. Put on the blinders. Take advantage of the incredible opportunities that lie before you. If enough of you - and many others who do not read this newsletter - do this, I truly believe we'll wake up to find that the world we live in is a much better place.

Nothing ever happens, so make something happen.

Intelligence Officials Are Quietly Becoming Bitcoin Believers

Ken Egan, former CIA Deputy Chief of Cyber Operations, revealed a surprising truth on TFTC: the intelligence community harbors numerous Bitcoin advocates. Egan explained that intelligence professionals uniquely understand how governments weaponize financial systems through sanctions and account freezing. Having wielded these tools themselves, they recognize the need for personal financial sovereignty. He shared compelling anecdotes of discovering colleagues with "We are all Satoshi" stickers and a European chief of station paying for dinner with a BlockFi card to earn Bitcoin rewards.

"I think there are a lot of Bitcoiners, not just at CIA, but across the whole national security establishment... they're in it for the exact same reasons everybody else is." - Ken Egan

The Canadian trucker protests served as a pivotal moment, Egan noted. Watching Western governments freeze citizens' bank accounts for political dissent struck a nerve among intelligence professionals who previously viewed financial weaponization as a tool reserved for foreign adversaries. This awakening has created unlikely allies within institutions many Bitcoiners distrust.

Check out the full podcast here for more on Bitcoin's national security implications, privacy tech prosecutions, and legislative priorities.

---

Headlines of the Day

Stripe Buys Crypto Wallet Privy After Bridge Deal - via X

Trump Calls CPI Data "Great" Urges Full Point Fed Cut - via X

Bitcoin Hashrate Reaches New All-Time High - via X

Get our new STACK SATS hat - via tftcmerch.io

---

Bitcoin’s Next Parabolic Move: Could Liquidity Lead the Way?

Is bitcoin’s next parabolic move starting? Global liquidity and business cycle indicators suggest it may be.

Read the latest report from Unchained and TechDev, analyzing how global M2 liquidity and the copper/gold ratio—two historically reliable macro indicators—are aligning once again to signal that a new bitcoin bull market may soon begin.

Download the report here

---

Ten31, the largest bitcoin-focused investor, has deployed $150.00M across 30+ companies through three funds. I am a Managing Partner at Ten31 and am very proud of the work we are doing. Learn more at ten31.vc/invest.

---

Final thought...

Life is good.

---

Download our free browser extension, Opportunity Cost: https://www.opportunitycost.app/ start thinking in SATS today.

Get this newsletter sent to your inbox daily: https://www.tftc.io/bitcoin-brief/

Subscribe to our YouTube channels and follow us on Nostr and X:

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

Een warme chocomelk\ Een knuffel en de moed te durven spreken\ Een leuk oprecht verhaal\ En een stap naar mijn verlangen

Deze dingen allemaal\ Maken me warm vanbinnen\ Ik hou van deze dingen\ Ze doen mijn hartje zingen

Ik wens iedereen zo'n warmte toe\ Ik wou dat ik het delen kon\ Maar het ziet er anders uit\ Voor jou dan hoe voor mij

Het enige wat ik echt kan zeggen\ Het enige dat ik zeker weet\ De kracht om warmte te creëren\ Ligt in je eigen handen

In je voeten, in je mond\ Het zit ook in je ogen\ En ook in je haar\ En zei ik al je mond\ En zelfs ook in je kont

Haha, ik ben maar wat aan 't lachen\ Dat is wat mij verlucht\ En ervoor zorgt dat wat ik zeg\ Van mij los kan komen\ En jou bereiken kan

Zo kan ik op beide oren slapen\ Dat ik deed dat wat ik kon\ Ik sprak dat wat belangrijk is\ Voor mij en liet het los

De wijde wereld in\ Voor al die horen wil en daar om geeft\ Om die warmte in hun hartje\ En daar misschien naar streeft

Ik wens je al 't succes toe in de wereld\ Want God weet, je bent het waard\ Het ligt nu in jouw handen\ Deze woorden, wat ik zeg\ Iets om over na te denken\ Tussen 't brood en het beleg

Leef gewoon je leven\ En zorg goed voor jezelf\ En als je 't graag wilt vinden\ Is het daar voor jou aan 't wachten\ Tot jij klaar bent met geloven\ In al dat anders klinkt

Ik kan je niets beloven\ Maar vertrouw op jouw instinct

@ 005bc4de:ef11e1a2

After dropping off a relative at the airport, my wife and I found ourselves in an area that was rather new to us and we had the whole afternoon open. So, what to do? We stopped by the local Visitor Center for ideas. The usual shopping and dining routine isn't a big interest to us (though I like to eat!). No, it was time to get outdoors.

So, some local trail maps gave some ideas and off we went. Hiking is nice, and, even though you're huffing it out when you hike, it's relaxing to be outdoors. An aimless amble in nature is the reward itself. But, it's also sometimes nice to have a destination in mind, a goal to reach. The trails we chose had a few waterfalls and three were within our range. Waterfalls are great as destinations: you usually have to hike rugged trails to get to them, but when you do, there's a big payoff. Here's a teaser:

Along the walk to waterfall number one, an interesting shadow caught my eye on the trail. The shadow looked like a wreath on the ground in a nearly perfect circle. With the other leaves, the shadow looked like a large blooming flower. Overhead, the maple branch was filtering out the light just right to make the shadow. I thought it was neat.

Just below that shadow, we came to the stream and saw the falls through the trees.

Here's a closer view of the falls. From where I took the pic, there was a steady roar of water, of course, and, you could feel the cool mist and breeze like natural air conditioning...a multi-sensory experience and yet another payoff for the hike. The young man in the image decided to do a hand stand, because, that's what you do at the base of a waterfall, right?

A second falls was called Triple Falls. I bet you can guess why...

We went to a third falls which was low and wide, but really more of a swimming hole because the pool at the bottom was also wide and deep. It being a warm and sunny day, it was rather crowded with people cooling off. No photo because I didn't want to be the weird person pulling out a camera and taking pictures of people in their swimsuits!

The hike back was a nice, relaxing trail walk that looked like this:

Returning home, my wife agreed we made a good choice for the day.

.hostr

@ 58537364:705b4b85

ในร่างกายที่มันมีสิ่งที่เรียกว่า… ระบบประสาท ทีนี้มีอะไรเข้ามากระทบร่างกาย คือกระทบระบบประสาท ปฏิกิริยามันก็เกิดขึ้น เป็นเหตุการณ์ อย่างใดอย่างหนึ่งขึ้น

เหตุการณ์นั้นแหละสำคัญ ถ้าให้เกิดความรู้สึกที่ถูกใจมันจะเป็นบวก เหตุการณ์นั้นไม่รู้สึกถูกใจแก่จิต มันก็จะเป็นลบ #ตัวกูเพิ่งเกิดเมื่อมีการกระทบแล้ว

ถ้าเหตุการณ์ที่เป็นบวกเกิดขึ้น ตัวกูบวกก็เกิดขึ้น เหตุการณ์ที่เป็นลบเกิดขึ้น ตัวกูที่เป็นลบเกิดขึ้น #ตัวกูนี้เกิดหลังเหตุการณ์ ขอให้เข้าใจดีๆ ไม่ใช่เกิดอยู่ก่อน

ตัวกูคลอดออกมาจาก situation ที่มากระทบระบบประสาท เช่นว่า… ไม่ได้กินอาหาร ขาดอาหาร มันหิว ความหิวเกิดขึ้นแก่ระบบประสาท ต่อมาจึงเกิด concept ว่า กูหิว, มีการกินแล้วจึงเกิด concept ว่า กูกิน

ถ้ามีอาการอร่อยแก่ลิ้น มันจึงเกิด concept ว่า… กูอร่อย หรือ มาทีหลังเหตุการณ์เสมอ จะถือว่าเป็น product ของเหตุการณ์นั้น ๆ ก็ได้

นี่คือความที่ไม่มีตัวจริง มิใช่ของจริง ของสิ่งที่เรียกว่าตัวกู #ขอให้รู้จักว่าตัวกูนี้มันเป็นมายาถึงขนาดนี้

ฟังดูการพูดอย่างนี้ มันเป็น logic แต่ความจริงของธรรมชาติมันเป็นอย่างนั้น ถือตามกฎ logic ธรรมดาสามัญ ที่พูดกันอยู่นี้ไม่ได้ ต้องถือตามความเป็นจริงที่ว่า มันเป็นอยู่อย่างไร

จิตก็เป็นธาตุชนิดหนึ่ง สิ่งแวดล้อมต่างๆ ที่เป็นธาตุชนิดหนึ่ง พอมาถึงกันเข้า ก็เกิดปฏิกิริยาออกมาอย่างนั้นอย่างนี้ ความรู้สึกที่เรียกว่า… #จิตคิดนึกได้นี้_ก็เป็นปฏิกิริยาที่เกิดขึ้นเท่านั้น แล้วความรู้สึกว่าตัวกู ตัวนี้ก็เป็นเพียงปฏิกิริยาที่เกิดขึ้นเท่านั้น.

มันฟังยากสำหรับท่านทั้งหลายที่ว่า ผู้กระทำนั้นเกิดทีหลังการกระทำ มันผิด logic อย่างนี้

แต่ความจริงเป็นอย่างนั้น self หรือ ego ผู้กระทำจะเกิดทีหลังการกระทำ เป็นปฏิกิริยาของการกระทำ

ความคิดอย่าง ตรรกะ หรืออย่างปรัชญา เอามาใช้กับสิ่งนี้ไม่ได้ ขอยืนยันไว้อย่างนี้

ถ้าท่านยังไม่เชื่อ ท่านก็ไปคิดดูเรื่อย ๆ ไปเถอะ ท่านจะพบว่ามันไม่เป็นอย่างกฎเกณฑ์ทางตรรกะหรือทางปรัชญา ที่เรามีๆ กันอยู่

ผู้กระทำเป็นเพียง concept ไม่ใช่ตัวจริง ส่วนการกระทำมันเป็นเหตุการณ์ของธรรมชาติ พอเข้ามาถึงจิตแล้ว ก็เกิดความคิด ความเชื่อ ความยึดว่าตัวกู

ตัวกูซึ่งเป็นเพียง concept ไม่ใช่ของจริง

พุทธทาสภิกขุ

อตัมมยตาประทีป

ชีวิตใหม่และหนทางเข้าถึงชีวิตใหม่

หน้า_๒๙๕-๒๙๖

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

Warmte betekent zachtheid aan de grenzen\ Omringt door zachte mensen

Warmte betekent vrijheid\ Vrij om mij te tonen en te bewegen

Warmte betekent rust\ Om hier niet ver vandaan te hoeven zijn

Warmte betekent leven\ Iets waar ik vol van liefde mijn aandacht aan wil geven

Warmte betekent vriendschap\ Alle vriendschap die mijn hartje vult

Warmte betekent vol zijn\ Vol betekenis die mijn omgeving aan mij schenkt

Warmte betekent geven\ Geven om wat ik voor jou en jij voor mij\ Wij voor elkaar nu eigenlijk echt betekenen

@ b1ddb4d7:471244e7

The latest AI chips, 8K displays, and neural processing units make your device feel like a pocket supercomputer. So surely, with all this advancement, you can finally mine bitcoin on your phone profitably, right?

The 2025 Hardware Reality: Can You Mine Bitcoin on Your Phone

Despite remarkable advances in smartphone technology, the fundamental physics of bitcoin mining haven’t changed. In 2025, flagship devices with their cutting-edge 2nm processors can achieve approximately 25-40 megahashes per second when you mine bitcoin on your phone—a notable improvement from previous generations, but still laughably inadequate.

Meanwhile, 2025’s top-tier ASIC miners have evolved dramatically. The latest Bitmain Antminer S23 series and Canaan AvalonMiner A15 Pro deliver 200-300 terahashes per second while consuming 4,000-5,500 watts. That’s a performance gap of roughly 1:8,000,000 between when you mine bitcoin on your phone and professional mining equipment.

To put this in perspective that hits home: if you mine bitcoin on your phone and it earned you one penny, professional miners would earn $80,000 in the same time period with the same effort. It’s not just an efficiency problem—it’s a complete category mismatch.

According to Pocket Option’s 2025 analysis, when you mine bitcoin on your phone in 2025, you generate approximately $0.003-0.006 in daily revenue while consuming $0.45-0.85 in electricity through constant charging cycles. Factor in the accelerated device wear (estimated at $0.75-1.20 daily depreciation), and you’re looking at losses of $1.20-2.00 per day just for the privilege of running mining software.

Mining Economic Factor

Precise Value (April 2025)

Direct Impact on Profitability

Smartphone sustained hash rate

20-35 MH/s

0.00000024% contribution to global hashrate

Daily power consumption

3.2-4.8 kWh (4-6 full charges)

$0.38-0.57 at average US electricity rates

Expected daily BTC earnings

0.0000000086 BTC ($0.0035 at $41,200 BTC)

Revenue covers only 0.9% of electricity costs

CPU/GPU wear cost

$0.68-0.92 daily accelerated depreciation

Reduces smartphone lifespan by 60-70%

Annual profit projection

-$386 to -$412 per year

Guaranteed negative return on investment

Source: PocketOption

Bitcoin’s 2025 Network: Harder Than Ever

Bitcoin’s network difficulty in 2025 has reached unprecedented levels. After the April 2024 halving event that reduced block rewards from 6.25 to 3.125 BTC, mining became significantly more competitive. The global hash rate now exceeds 800 exahashes per second—that’s 800 followed by 18 zeros worth of computational power securing the network.

Here’s what this means in practical terms: Bitcoin’s mining difficulty adjusts every 2,016 blocks (roughly every two weeks) to maintain the 10-minute block time. As more efficient miners join the network, difficulty increases proportionally. In 2025, mining difficulty has increased compared to 2024, making small-scale mining even less viable.

The math is unforgiving:

• Global Bitcoin hash rate: 828.96 EH/s
• Your smartphone’s contribution: ~0.000000003%
• Probability of solo mining a block: Virtually zero
• Expected time to mine one Bitcoin: Several million years

Even joining mining pools doesn’t solve the economic problem. Pool fees typically range from 1-3%, and your minuscule contribution would earn proportionally tiny rewards—far below the electricity and device depreciation costs.

The 2025 Scam Evolution: More Sophisticated, More Dangerous

Fraudsters now leverage AI-generated content, fake influencer endorsements, and impressive-looking apps that simulate realistic mining activity to entice you to mine bitcoin on your phone.

New 2025 scam tactics include:

AI-Powered Fake Testimonials: Deepfake videos of supposed successful mobile miners showing fabricated earnings statements and encouraging downloads of malicious apps.

Gamified Mining Interfaces: Apps that look and feel like legitimate games but secretly harvest personal data while simulating mining progress that can never be withdrawn.

Social Media Manipulation: Coordinated campaigns across TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube featuring fake “financial influencers” promoting mobile mining apps to younger audiences.

Subscription Trap Mining: Apps offering “free trials” that automatically charge $19.99-49.99 monthly for “premium mining speeds” while delivering no actual mining capability.

Recent cybersecurity research shows that over 180 fake mining apps were discovered across major app stores in 2025, with some accumulating more than 500,000 downloads before being removed.

Red flags that scream “scam” in 2025:

• Apps claiming “revolutionary mobile mining breakthrough”
• Promises of earning “$10-50 daily” from phone mining
• Requirements to recruit friends or watch ads to unlock withdrawals
• Apps that don’t require connecting to actual mining pools
• Testimonials that seem too polished or use stock photo models
• Apps requesting permissions unrelated to mining (contacts, camera, microphone)

The 2025 Professional Mining Landscape

To understand why, consider what professional bitcoin mining looks like in 2025. Industrial mining operations now resemble high-tech data centers with:

Cutting-edge hardware:

• Bitmain Antminer S23 Pro: 280 TH/s at 4,800W
• MicroBT WhatsMiner M56S++: 250 TH/s at 4,500W
• Canaan AvalonMiner A1566: 185 TH/s at 3,420W

Infrastructure requirements:

• Megawatt-scale power contracts with industrial electricity rates
• Liquid cooling systems maintaining 24/7 optimal temperatures
• Redundant internet connections ensuring zero downtime
• Professional facility management with 24/7 monitoring

For a small operation, you might need at least $10,000 to $20,000 to buy a few ASIC miners, set up cooling systems, and cover electricity costs. These operations employ teams of engineers, maintain relationships with power companies, and operate with margins measured in single-digit percentages.

2025’s Legitimate Mobile Bitcoin Strategies

While it remains impossible to mine bitcoin on your phone profitably, 2025 offers exciting legitimate ways to engage with bitcoin through your smartphone:

Lightning Network Participation: Apps like Phoenix, Breez, and Zeus allow you to run Lightning nodes on mobile devices, earning small routing fees while supporting bitcoin’s payment layer.

Bitcoin DCA Automation: Services enable automated dollar-cost averaging with amounts as small as $1 daily. Historical data shows $10 weekly bitcoin purchases consistently outperform any mobile mining attempt by 1,500-2,000%.

Educational Mining Simulators: Legitimate apps like “Bitcoin Mining Simulator” teach mining concepts without false earning promises. These educational tools help users understand hash rates, difficulty adjustments, and mining economics.

Stacking Sats Rewards: Apps offering bitcoin rewards for shopping, learning, or completing tasks.

Lightning Gaming: Bitcoin-native mobile games where players can earn sats through skilled gameplay, with some players earning $10 monthly.onfirm that even the most optimized mobile mining setups in 2025 lose money consistently and predictably.

The Bottom Line

When you mine bitcoin on your phone fundamental economics remain unchanged: it’s impossible to profit. The laws of physics, network competition, and energy efficiency create insurmountable barriers that no app can overcome.

However, 2025 offers unprecedented opportunities to engage with bitcoin meaningfully through your smartphone. Focus on education, legitimate earning opportunities, and strategic investment rather than chasing the impossible dream of phone-based mining.

The bitcoin community’s greatest strength lies in its commitment to truth over hype. When someone promises profits to mine bitcoin on your phone in 2025, they’re either uninformed or deliberately misleading you. Trust the mathematics, learn from the community, and build your bitcoin knowledge and holdings through proven methods.

The real opportunity in 2025 isn’t to mine bitcoin on your phone—it’s understanding bitcoin deeply enough to participate confidently in the most important monetary revolution of our lifetime. Your smartphone is the perfect tool for that education; it’s just not a mining rig.

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

Enlightenment is just\ You catching up with time

Enlightenment is just\ Successfully processing your current situation\ And what it has to do with your past

Enlightenment is just\ Separating what you believe from what you know\ What is real from what is true

Enlightenment is living\ According to what you believe\ Because that's what is real for you\ Yet knowing it might turn out\ To be not really true

Enlightenment is giving thanks\ For being proven wrong

For how else would we grow\ The things we're conscious of\ The things that're real for us\ And the things we really know

How else would we align those things\ With the truth of what is (t)here\ Beyond\ That which we are

@ 8bad92c3:ca714aa5

Marty's Bent

J.P. Morgan CEO Jamie Dimon has long been an outspoken skeptic and critic of bitcoin. He has called Bitcoin a speculative asset, a fraud, a pet rock, and has opined that it will inevitably blow up. A couple of years ago, he was on Capitol Hill saying that if he were the government, he would "close it down". Just within the last month, he was on Fox Business News talking with Maria Bartiromo, proclaiming that the U.S. should be stockpiling bullets and rare earth metals instead of bitcoin. It's pretty clear that Jamie Dimon, who is at the helm of the most powerful and largest bank in the world, does not like bitcoin one bit.

Evidence below:

via Bitcoin Magazine

via me

via CNBC

via Trending Politics

Despite Dimon's distinguished disdain for Bitcoin, J.P. Morgan cannot deny reality. The CEO of the largest bank in the world is certainly a powerful man, but no one individual, even in the position that Jamie Dimon is in, is more powerful than the market. And the market has spoken very clearly, it is demanding bitcoin. The Bitcoin ETFs have been the most successful ETFs in terms of pace of growth since their launch. They've accumulated tens of billions of dollars in AUM in a very short period of time. Outpacing the previous record set by the gold ETF, GLD.

Whether or not Jamie Dimon himself likes Bitcoin doesn't matter. J.P. Morgan, as the largest bank in the world and a publicly traded company, has a duty to shareholders. And that duty is to increase shareholder value by any ethical and legal means necessary. Earlier today, J.P. Morgan announced plans to offer clients financing against their Bitcoin ETFs, as well as some other benefits, including having their bitcoin holdings recognized in their overall net worth and liquid assets, similar to stocks, cars, and art, which will be massive for bitcoiners looking to get mortgages and other types of loans.

via Bloomberg

I've talked about this recently, but trying to buy a house when most of your liquid net worth is held in bitcoin is a massive pain in the ass. Up until this point, if you wanted to have your bitcoin recognized as part of your net worth and count towards your overall credit profile, you would need to sell some bitcoin, move it to a bank account, and have it sit there for a certain period of time before it was recognized toward your net worth. This is not ideal for bitcoiners who have sufficient cash flows and don't want to sell their bitcoin, pay the capital gains tax, and risk not being able to buy back the amount of sats they were forced to sell just to get a mortgage.

It's not yet clear to me whether or not J.P. Morgan will recognize bitcoin in cold storage toward their clients' net worth and credit profile, or if this is simply for bitcoin ETFs only. However, regardless, this is a step in the right direction and a validation of something that many bitcoiners have been saying for years. Inevitably, everyone will have to bend the knee to bitcoin. Today, it just happened to be the largest bank in the world. I expect more of this to come in the coming months, years, and decades.

Lyn Alden likes to say it in the context of the U.S. national debt and the fiscal crisis, but it also applies to bitcoin adoption and the need for incumbents to orient themselves around the demands of individual bitcoiners; nothing stops this train.

Real Estate Correction Coming

Real estate expert Leon Wankum shared his perspective on why property prices need to find a new equilibrium by 2026. He pointed to the 18-year property cycle theory, noting we're at the end of the current cycle with a massive imbalance - 34% more sellers than buyers, the highest gap since records began in 2013. Leon explained that sellers still have unrealistic expectations based on 2021-2022 peaks, while buyers face a fundamentally different reality with higher borrowing costs.

"We need a price equilibrium. We need demand and supply prices to match. It's going to take a long time, I think." - Leon Wankum

Leon doesn't expect a catastrophic crash, however. He emphasized that the financial system depends too heavily on real estate as collateral for authorities to allow a complete collapse. With interest rates likely staying above 3% to combat inflation, he sees a healthy correction rather than devastation - a necessary adjustment that creates opportunities for patient buyers who understand the new market dynamics.

Check out the full podcast here for more on Bitcoin treasury strategies, dual collateralization, and corporate BTC adoption

---

Headlines of the Day

California May Seize Idle Bitcoin After 3 Years - via X

Semler Scientific Buys $20M More Bitcoin, Holds $467M - via X

US Home Sellers Surge as Buyers Hit 4-Year Low - via X

Get our new STACK SATS hat - via tftcmerch.io

---

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Take control. Start with Bitkey.

Use the promo code *“TFTC20”* during checkout for 20% off

---

Ten31, the largest bitcoin-focused investor, has deployed $150.00M across 30+ companies through three funds. I am a Managing Partner at Ten31 and am very proud of the work we are doing. Learn more at ten31.vc/invest.

---

Final thought...

I feel old.

---

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@ 9ca447d2:fbf5a36d

JPMorgan Chase, the largest bank in the U.S. and one of the most powerful institutions in global finance, is going deeper into Bitcoin. The bank is reportedly going to allow wealthy clients to use shares of Bitcoin ETFs—specifically BlackRock’s iShares Bitcoin Trust (IBIT) — as collateral for loans.

This is a big move from the Wall Street giant and a sign of how traditional finance is changing the way it treats bitcoin.

According to a Bloomberg report, JPMorgan will let trading and wealth-management clients borrow money using digital asset ETFs like IBIT as collateral—the same way clients might use stocks, real estate or even cars.

The bank will also factor clients’ digital asset holdings into calculations of net worth and liquidity. So now, bitcoin will be treated like real estate or company shares when assessing a client’s loan repayment ability.

This is set to launch in the coming weeks and will start with IBIT which has over $70 billion in assets. IBIT is now the largest spot bitcoin ETF in the world and has far outpaced competitors like Fidelity’s FBTC.

Previously JPMorgan only allowed bitcoin ETFs as collateral on a case-by-case basis, Bloomberg reports. This decision will now make it available to all wealth-management clients.

JPMorgan’s new Bitcoin-friendly strategy comes despite its CEO Jamie Dimon’s long-time skepticism of Bitcoin. For years, Dimon has been one of the most vocal critics of Bitcoin, calling it a tool for criminals and comparing it to a “pet rock.”

But in a change of heart, Dimon recently said the bank would allow clients to buy bitcoin. At JPMorgan’s annual Investor Day, he said, “I don’t think you should smoke, but I defend your right to smoke. I defend your right to buy bitcoin.”

Related: JPMorgan Chase to Allow Clients to Buy Bitcoin, Says CEO Jamie Dimon

While Dimon remains personally unconvinced about the long-term value of bitcoin, the bank seems to be moving forward with embracing bitcoin, a move Bitcoin advocates believe is rooted in fear of missing out on possible profits and losing market share.

JPMorgan is following the trend on Wall Street. Other big financial players like Fidelity, Grayscale, and Standard Chartered have launched services for clients to invest or trade bitcoin.

The approval of Bitcoin ETFs by the U.S. SEC in 2024 has opened the door to millions of investors who were hesitant to enter the Bitcoin space.

Institutional interest is surging as the political landscape is also opening doors for digital assets. Under President Donald Trump’s administration, several Bitcoin-friendly policy changes have been introduced.

In April 2025, the Federal Reserve withdrew past guidance that discouraged banks from working with digital asset companies. Soon after, the US Office of the Comptroller of the Currency confirmed banks could hold customer’s bitcoin in custody.

@ b1ddb4d7:471244e7

This article was originally published on dev.to by satshacker.

Alright, you’ve built a useful and beautiful website, tool or app. However, monetization isn’t a priority and you’d rather keep the project free, ads-free and accessible?

Accepting donations would be an option, but how? A PayPal button? Stripe? Buymeacoffe? Patreon?

All of these services require a bank account and KYC verification, before you can send and receive donations – not very convenient.

If we only could send value over the internet, with just one click and without the need of a bank account…

Oh, hold on, that’s bitcoin. The decentralized protocol to send value across the globe. Money over TCP/IP.

In this article, we’ll learn how anyone can easily add a payment button or donation widget on a website or app.

Let’s get into it.

Introduction

Bitcoin is digital money that you can send and receive without the need for banks. While bitcoin is extremely secure, it’s not very fast. The maximum transactions per second (TPS) the network can handle is about 7. Obviously that’s not useful for daily payments or microtransactions.

If you’d like to dig deeper into how bitcoin works, a great read is “Mastering Bitcoin” by Andreas Antonopoulos.

Bitcoin vs Lightning

If you’d like to receive bitcoin donations “on-chain” all you need is a bitcoin wallet. You simply display your bitcoin address on your site and that’s it. You can receive donations.

It would look something like this; 1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa

Instead of showing the actual bitcoin address, you can also turn it into a QR code.

However, this is not a recommended solution. Using static on-chain addresses has two major downsides. It lowers privacy for you and your donnors and it’s a UTXO disaster because many small incoming transactions could beocme hard to consolidate in the future.

For donations and small transactions, the Lightning Network is the better option. Lightning allows for instant settlement with fees only a fraction of a cent.

Similar to bitcoin, you have the choice between non-custodial and custodial wallets. This means, either you have full control over your money or the wallet provider has.

Option 1: Lightning Address

With the lightning address feature, you an easily receive donations to an email like address.

It looks like this: yourname@wallet.com

Many wallets support lightning addresses and make it easy to create one. Then, you simple add the address to your donation page and you’re ready to receive tips.

You can also add a link link as in lightning:yourname@wallet.com and compatible lightning wallets and browser wallets will detect the address.

How to get a Lightning Address Fast

Option 2: Lightning Donation Widgets

If you like to take it a step further, you can also create a more enhanced donation checkout flow. Of course you could programm something yourself, there are many open source libraries you can build upon. If you want a simple plug-and-play solution, here are a couple of options:

Name

Type

Registration

SatSale

Self-hosted

No KYC

BTCPay Server

Self-hosted

No KYC

Pay With Flash

Widget

Email

Geyser Fund

Widget

Email

The Giving Block

Hosted

KYC

OpenNode

Hosted

KYC

---

SatSale (GitHub)

Lightweight, self-hosted Bitcoin/Lightning payment processor. No KYC.

Ideal for developers comfortable with server management. Simple to deploy, supports both on-chain and Lightning, and integrates with WooCommerce.

---

BTCPay Server

Powerful, open-source, self-hosted processor for Bitcoin and Lightning. No KYC.

Supports multiple currencies, advanced features, and full privacy. Requires technical setup and maintenance. Funds go directly to your wallet; great for those seeking full control.

---

Pay With Flash

Easiest for indie hackers. Add a donation widget with minimal code and no KYC. Payments go directly to your wallet for a 1.5% fee.

Setup Steps:

1. Sign up at PayWithFlash.com
2. Customize your widget in the dashboard
3. Embed the code:

1. Test to confirm functionality

Benefits:

• Minimal technical skills required
• Supports one-time or recurring donations
• Direct fund transfer, no intermediaries

---

Geyser Fund

Crowdfunding platform. Widget-based, connects to your wallet, email registration.Focused on Bitcoin crowdfunding, memberships and donations.

---

The Giving Block

Hosted, KYC required. Integrates with fiat and crypto, best for nonprofits or larger organizations.

---

OpenNode

Hosted, KYC required. Accept Bitcoin payments and donations; supports conversion to fiat, suitable for businesses and nonprofits.

---

Summary

• Fast, low-code setup: Use Pay With Flash or Geyser Fund.
• Privacy and control: Choose SatSale or BTCPay Server (requires technical skills).
• Managed, compliant solutions: The Giving Block or OpenNode.

Choose based on your technical comfort, privacy needs, and project scale.

I hope this article helped you. If you added bitcoin donations, share your link in the comments and I will send you a few satoshis maybe

@ 69eea734:4ae31ae6

Vor ein paar Tagen stieß ich auf einen faszinierenden Artikel von Michel Bauwens, Mitbegründer der P2PFoundation, mit Links zu weiteren Texten – zum Beispiel über den Puls der Commons –, die ich ebenfalls äußerst interessant fand.

Der Artikel zeigt unter anderem gut, wie unterschiedlich Commons aussehen können, so dass ich ihn heute als Ausgangspunkt nehmen möchte, um ein paar Puzzle-Steine in mein entstehendes Bild der Commons einzufügen.

Das Grundmuster menschlichen Zusammenlebens?

Bauwens betrachtet die Commons aus historischer Sicht, wie sie sich in verschiedenen Zeiten unterschiedlich manifestieren, manchmal gar nahezu verschwinden und heute in wiederum veränderter Form neu entstehen – und plädiert dafür, dass sie noch weit stärker werden sollten.

Er legt zunächst dar, was die Commons sind und was nicht. (zum Beispiel nichts, was vom Staat verwaltet wird, wie ein öffentlicher Park.) Ausschlaggebend ist, dass eine Ressource von ihren Herstellern oder Benutzern selbst betreut wird. Commons entstehen dabei durch Beziehungen. Sie sind etwas spezifisch Menschliches und eine Wahl, die „fast immer“ zur Verfügung steht, so Bauwens. Eine die Geschichte überdauernde menschliche Praxis.

Er nennt drei verschiedene geschichtlichen Entwicklungen:

• Eine lineare - Wie präsentiert sich der Commons über verschiedene, komplexer werdende, Phasen der Menschheitsgeschichte hinweg?
• Eine hin und her schwingendende: In der Geschichte einer Zivilisation werden die Commons in Zeiten von Überfluss -- und daraus resultierender Verschwendung uns steigender Ressourcen-Extraktion -- unterdrückt, konstitutieren sich aber dann als Gegenbewegung wieder neu.
• Eine stufenweise: Die heutigen, mit neuen Möglichkeiten ausgestatteten Formen der Commons könnten in der nächsten Phase unserer Zivilisation (oder nach unserer Zivilisation) eine entscheidende Rolle spielen.

Wenn man verschiedene Arten des Austausches betrachtet (Bauwens beruft sich hierbei auf Alan Fiske), kann man geschichtlich analysieren, welche zu verschiedenen Zeiten vorrangig waren (dies tat Kojin Karatani in The Structure of World History von 2014).

Die vier Muster sind:

• Gemeinschaftliche Beteiligung, Commons (die Gemeinschaft baut mir ein Haus, und ich helfe später bei einem anderen Hausbau mit; ein Beispiel aus neuerer Zeit ist die Entwicklung von Linux)
• Wechselseitiger Austausch (Geschenkökonomie – es wird eine etwa gleichwertige Leistung zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt erwartet)
• Hierarchisch bedingte Verteilung, wie im Feudalismus
• Marktwirtschaft (es gibt ein allgemeines Zahlungsmittel mit einem bestimmten Wert)

Bauwens: „Entscheidend ist jedoch, dass die Menschheit ständig bestrebt ist, Modus A wiederherzustellen, denn die Menschen haben eine kulturelle und wahrscheinlich auch allgemeine Vorliebe für ein geselliges Leben in kleinen, vertrauten Gruppen. Aber menschliche Gruppen versuchen, dies auch auf höheren Komplexitätsebenen zu tun, in einem ständigen Versuch, die extraktive Logik der Zivilisation zu mäßigen.“ (Katarani bezeichnet eine Verbindung von Commoning und Geschenkökonomie in stammesorientierten Kulturen als Modus A)

Commons durch die Zeiten - ein kurzer Abriss

In der ursprünglichsten Form der Commons in Jäger- und Sammler-Gemeinschaften, werden Nahrung und sonstige Ressourcen mit der ganzen Gemeinschaft geteilt - dies ist zumindest die vorherrschende Form des Austauschs.

Im Zuge der Agrar-Revolution geht es um das gemeinsame Bewirtschaften von Flächen.

Im Mittelalter entwickelt sich in Europa das Feudalsystem. Auch hier werden manche Felder aber noch von den Dorfbewohnern gemeinsam verwaltet.

Ab dem 16. Jahrhundert fanden, am stärksten in England, die Enclosures (auf deutsch Einhegungen) statt. Das heißt, dass Felder zur effizienteren Bewirtschaftung von den Besitzern zusammengelegt und umzäunt wurden.

Besonders im 19. Jahrhundert, mit dem Aufkommen der Industrialisierung, nahm diese Entwicklung immer stärker zu. Die landwirtschaftlichen Commons wurden dadurch weitgehend zerstört.

Im industriellen Kapitalismus, als die Arbeiter kaum Rechte hatten, und es auch um das bloße Überleben ging, entwickelte sich ein sozialer Commons Dieser bestand darin, dass sich die Arbeiter gegenseitig halfen und sich gegenseitig versicherten. Aus dieser Bewegung entstand dann der Sozialstaat. Der Staat übernahm also Aufgaben, die die Menschen zuvor füreinander geleistet hatten.

Man könnte daher sagen, dass im Kapitalismus die natürlichen Commons-Ressourcen privatisiert und die sozialen Commons verstaatlicht wurden.

In der Moderne waren sich viele Menschen der Bedeutung von Commons gar nicht mehr bewusst.

Mit dem Internet, dem World Wide Web und weiteren digitalen Techniken erschlossen sich dann neue Möglichkeiten. Mit Peer Production, Open Source Software, sowie den Creative Commons Lizenzen, enstand eine neue Inkarnation der Commons. Und damit ist die Entwicklung noch nicht abgeschlossen...

Warum Commons nicht in ein Links-Rechts-Schema passen

Mit seinem Streifzug durch die Geschichte zeigt Bauwens, wie vielfältig die Commons sein können, und warum ihnen in der heutigen Zeit eine starke Rolle zukommen sollte. Nebenbei ergibt sich für mich auch, dass sie jenseits von linker oder rechter Ideologie liegen. Hierzu eine kurze Zwischenbetrachtung von mir:

Weil es um kollektives Handeln geht, und auch wegen des Namens („hört sich an wie Kommunismus“, meinte meine Mutter), entsteht leicht der Eindruck, es handele sich um ein besonders linksgerichtetes Phänomen.

Eine gut eingespielte Fußballmannschaft agiert auch als Kollektiv. Der Verein verwaltet vielleicht ein Clubhaus. Wohl kaum jemand würde deswegen den Verein als links bezeichnen.

Freilich sind die Mitglieder heutiger Commons-Bewegungen vorwiegend „progressiv“, zuweilen auf eine rigide Weise. Bauwens hat damit schon eine leidvolle Erfahrung gemacht. Aber Commons als soziales System sind es nicht. Dafür spricht allein schon die Tatsache, dass es sie viel länger gibt als die politische Links-Rechts-Einteilung.

Eine starke Rolle für die Commons

Wie steht es um die Commons heute? Das werde ich in weiteren Artikeln noch versuchen zu beleuchten.

Mir kommt gerade der Gedanke in den Sinn: Sie wachsen überall.

Wie oben erwähnt, enstand mit zunehmenden digitalen Möglichkeiten eine neue Form der Commons. Leider gab es hier auch moderne Formen der Einhegungen. Github wurde von Microsoft übernommen, der Sardex (alternatives lokales Wirtschaftsnetzwerk) anscheinend von einer Investment-Firma. AWS (Amazon Web Services) verleibt sich gerne woanders entwickelte Projekte ein und bietet sie als zahlungspflichtige Services an. Krypto wurde -- weitgehend -- "gekapert".

Aber zum einen gibt es nicht nur den digital basierten Commons, es entsteht schon viel auf anderer Ebene, und zum anderen sind Commoners erfinderische Menschen...

Michel Bauwens hat in seinen Artikeln im Übrigen noch mehr zu den heutigen Commons zu sagen. Inbesondere beführwortet er das Kosmo-Lokale (Cosmo-Local). Was leicht ist (Wissen) wird geteilt, was Gewicht hat (etwa landwirtschaftliche und andere Produktion), wird an lokale Gegebenheiten angepasst und vor Ort bewerkstelligt.

Und das Zusammenspiel von Digitalem und Materiellem verspricht weitere Möglichkeiten.

In jedem Fall haben die Commons eine ausgleichende, regenerierende Kraft, die wir aufgrund der heutigen vielen Kriesen gar nicht ungenützt lassen können, ganz unabhängig von unserer sozialer Ebene - das gilt auch für die Superreichen.

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

Look and see\ Look and see

You look like how you look at me

Look and see\ Look and see

The colorless through the color TV

Look and see\ Look and be

The unborn identity

@ d5b257e3:30a2b7bd

SPEC.md

Project: Prime Number CLI Calculator

Overview

A command-line interface (CLI) calculator built using Bun, which only accepts prime numbers as input. The calculator will perform basic arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) on prime numbers.

Features

1. Prime Number Validation: The calculator will validate all input numbers to ensure they are prime.
2. Arithmetic Operations:
3. Addition (+)
4. Subtraction (-)
5. Multiplication (*)
6. Division (/)
7. Error Handling: Informative error messages for invalid inputs (non-prime numbers, invalid operations, etc.).
8. Help Command: Display usage instructions and examples.

Technical Stack

• Runtime: Bun
• Language: TypeScript (or JavaScript, if preferred)
• Testing: Bun's built-in test runner

Usage Example

bash bun run calculator add 5 7

Output: 12

Project Structure

/prime-calculator /src index.ts # Main entry point utils.ts # Helper functions (e.g., prime validation) /tests index.test.ts # Test cases package.json # Project configuration SPEC.md # This document

Requirements

1. Prime Validation: Implement a function to check if a number is prime.
2. CLI Interface: Parse command-line arguments and execute the requested operation.
3. Testing: Write unit tests for all functions.

Next Steps

1. Set up the Bun project.
2. Implement the prime validation logic.
3. Build the CLI interface.

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

Nooit is mijn dans echter\ Dan net nadat het regende\ Want regen biedt een kans\ Om mijn gevoel te voelen

Zolang de regen spettert\ En ik mezelf graag zie\ Wordt er niets verplettert\ Ook al lijkt dat soms wel zo

Zodra de regen ophoudt\ En zich terugtrekt met de wolken\ Komt een nieuwe glans\ Voor het eerst mijn ogen binnen

Wat is het leven heerlijk\ Als ik eerlijk ben en voel\ Wat is het leven zacht\ En het brengt me naar mijn doel

Wat zou ik weten zonder regen\ Gewoon steeds evenveel\ Niet groeien is niet leven\ Daarom dans ik het liefst

Net na de echte regen

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

My life is my way Home\ My death is my arrival

I can't wait to be Home\ And so I love life

I can't wait to be Home\ And so I want to live to the fullest

For there are no shortcuts

Many people die\ And never make it Home

They will have to wait\ For another chance to die

Another chance to live fully\ And die totally

I'm so thankful to be alive\ I'm on my way Home

I'm so thankful to be alive\ To have another chance to die

Every day I take a step\ In the direction of my death\ I do not postpone it

Every day I take a step\ In the direction of my truth\ I do not avoid it

It is who I am, always have been\ And always will be

It lies beyond that door\ That keeps everything in check

Where only can go through\ Which is forever true

@ 8bf578f4:b6303c41

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has long been a subject of fascination and debate among researchers and enthusiasts alike. One of the most intriguing aspects of AI is its potential to surpass human capabilities in specific tasks. When an AI system's output for a given task becomes better than that of a comparable human specialist, it marks a significant milestone known as the accelerative growth starting point. This threshold signifies more than just a technological achievement; it represents a fundamental shift in how we perceive and utilize intelligence. At this juncture, the AI's ability to outperform humans in specific domains triggers an exponential growth phase. This is because AI systems can process vast amounts of data and identify patterns that humans might miss, leading to continuous improvement. For those using local AI models and open-source tools on Linux environments, this means leveraging frameworks like TensorFlow or PyTorch to train and deploy models that can achieve state-of-the-art performance in various tasks.

The concept of exponential growth in AI can be illustrated through mathematical models. For instance, consider a simple model where the performance improvement of an AI system follows a power law: P(t) = t^k, where P(t) is the performance at time t, and k is a constant that determines the rate of improvement. As t increases, the growth in performance accelerates rapidly. This exponential growth is particularly relevant for decentralized technologies and peer-to-peer (P2P) networks, such as those enabled by protocols like Nostr. In these environments, AI models can be distributed across multiple nodes, allowing for collaborative training and inference. This decentralization not only enhances robustness but also enables scalable and efficient use of computational resources.

One of the key drivers of this exponential growth is the AI's ability to design new systems faster and better than humans. This self-improvement loop is often referred to as recursive self-improvement (RSI). In RSI, an AI system not only performs tasks but also optimizes its own algorithms and architectures. This iterative process allows the AI to continually enhance its capabilities, leading to a feedback loop where each iteration results in more significant improvements than the last. For users of local AI models, this means continuously updating and refining models to take advantage of the latest advancements in machine learning techniques. Tools like Docker can be used to containerize AI applications, ensuring consistency across different environments and facilitating easy deployment on decentralized networks.

The implications of this exponential growth are profound, particularly for those working with open-source tools and local AI models. As AI systems become increasingly capable, they will likely outpace human intelligence in an ever-expanding range of domains. This raises important technical challenges, such as ensuring that AI systems can handle the complexity and scale of decentralized data. For instance, federated learning allows multiple nodes to train a model collaboratively without exchanging raw data, preserving privacy while leveraging distributed computational power. Implementing federated learning in P2P networks can enhance the security and efficiency of AI applications.

Moreover, the exponential growth of AI has significant technical implications for industries that can leverage AI to enhance productivity and innovation. For example, in fields like natural language processing (NLP), AI models can be trained on decentralized datasets using tools like Hugging Face's Transformers library. This allows for the development of advanced language models that can understand and generate human-like text. Similarly, in computer vision, distributed training frameworks can be used to develop models that can analyze and interpret visual data more accurately than ever before.

Another critical aspect is the potential for AI to augment human capabilities rather than replace them entirely. In many fields, AI can serve as a powerful tool that enhances human decision-making and creativity. For example, in healthcare, AI algorithms can assist doctors in diagnosing diseases more accurately by analyzing medical images and patient data. This collaborative approach leverages the strengths of both humans and machines. For users of local AI models, this means integrating AI tools into existing workflows to enhance productivity and innovation.

However, achieving this harmonious integration requires addressing several technical challenges. One such challenge is ensuring that AI systems are transparent and interpretable. Black-box models, while often highly accurate, can be difficult to understand and trust. Developing explainable AI (XAI) techniques that provide insights into how these models make decisions is crucial for building trust and acceptance. For those using open-source tools, libraries like LIME (Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations) and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) can be invaluable in making AI models more interpretable.

Additionally, the technical considerations surrounding AI's exponential growth are vast. As AI systems become more autonomous and capable, they will increasingly make decisions that affect various aspects of technology and society. Ensuring that these decisions are fair, unbiased, and aligned with technological goals is a complex but essential task. This involves not only technical solutions but also robust frameworks for deploying and managing AI models in decentralized environments.

In conclusion, the accelerative growth starting point in AI marks a pivotal moment in technological evolution. From this point onwards, the exponential growth of intelligence will reshape industries, economies, and societies. Machine learning experts must be at the forefront of navigating these changes, ensuring that AI's potential is harnessed responsibly and effectively. The future of AI holds immense promise, but it also demands vigilance and foresight to address the challenges that lie ahead. For those using local AI models, open-source tools, and Linux environments, this means staying at the cutting edge of technological advancements and leveraging decentralized technologies like Nostr to build robust and scalable AI applications.

By Alex TechSmith, Machine Learning Engineer

@ 433e1568:76df16e4

{ "id": "id-1749742303915-wvxk26r", "name": "Neues Board", "description": "", "authors": [ "User" ], "summary": "", "backgroundColor": "#f5f7fa", "customStyle": "", "columns": [ { "id": "id-1749742303915-shl9l6i", "name": "To Do", "color": "color-gradient-1", "cards": [ { "id": "id-1749742324261-rg0tla6", "heading": "Karte 1 (Kopie)", "content": "", "color": "color-gradient-1", "thumbnail": "", "comments": "", "url": "", "labels": "", "inactive": false }, { "id": "id-1749742312185-tfw8pib", "heading": "Karte 1", "content": "", "color": "color-gradient-1", "thumbnail": "", "comments": "", "url": "", "labels": "", "inactive": false } ] }, { "id": "id-1749742303915-q9qjhnu", "name": "In Progress", "color": "color-gradient-2", "cards": [ { "id": "id-1749742330380-as246pq", "heading": "Karte 1 (Kopie) (Kopie)", "content": "", "color": "color-gradient-1", "thumbnail": "", "comments": "", "url": "", "labels": "", "inactive": false } ] }, { "id": "id-1749742303915-51t3c01", "name": "Done", "color": "color-gradient-3", "cards": [] } ], "aiConfig": { "provider": "", "apiKey": "", "model": "", "baseUrl": "" }, "exportDate": "2025-06-12T16:30:06.121Z", "nostrEvent": true }

@ 6be5cc06:5259daf0

Introdução

O princípio do sola scriptura, pedra angular da teologia protestante desde a Reforma do século XVI, estabelece que apenas a Escritura constitui a autoridade final e suprema em questões de fé e prática cristã. Este princípio, formulado inicialmente por Martinho Lutero e sistematizado pelos reformadores subsequentes, pretende oferecer um fundamento epistemológico sólido para a teologia, livre das supostas corrupções da tradição eclesiástica.

Contudo, uma análise rigorosa revela que o sola scriptura incorre em contradições lógicas fundamentais que comprometem sua viabilidade como sistema epistemológico coerente. Este artigo examina essas contradições através de três perspectivas complementares: filosófica, exegética e histórica.

A Contradição Performativa Fundamental

O Problema da Autorreferência

O sola scriptura enfrenta um dilema epistemológico insuperável: afirma que apenas a Escritura possui autoridade final em matéria de fé, mas essa própria regra não é explicitamente ensinada na Escritura. Trata-se de uma contradição performativa clássica, onde o enunciado viola suas próprias condições de possibilidade.

Esta situação configura uma falácia de petitio principii (círculo vicioso), pois exige que se aceite uma doutrina que não pode ser sustentada pelas premissas do próprio sistema. Para estabelecer o sola scriptura, seria necessário recorrer a uma autoridade externa à Escritura – precisamente aquilo que o princípio pretende rejeitar.

Fundacionalismo Mal Estruturado

Do ponto de vista epistemológico, o sola scriptura apresenta-se como um fundacionalismo defeituoso. Pretende funcionar como axioma supremo e auto-evidente, mas falha ao não fornecer a base textual que sua própria metodologia exige. Um verdadeiro fundacionalismo escriturístico deveria ser capaz de demonstrar sua validade através de uma prova explícita nas próprias Escrituras.

O Testemunho Contrário das Escrituras

Limitações do Registro Escrito

A própria Escritura reconhece as limitações do registro textual. João 21:25 declara explicitamente: "Jesus fez também muitas outras coisas. Se cada uma delas fosse escrita, penso que nem mesmo no mundo inteiro haveria espaço suficiente para os livros que seriam escritos."

Este versículo é particularmente problemático para o sola scriptura, pois reconhece que nem todos os ensinamentos de Cristo foram preservados por escrito. Como pode a Escritura ser suficiente se ela própria admite sua incompletude?

A Valorização da Tradição Oral

Paulo, em 2 Tessalonicenses 2:15, oferece uma instrução que contradiz frontalmente o sola scriptura: "Assim, pois, irmãos, ficai firmes e conservai os ensinamentos que de nós aprendestes, seja por palavras, seja por carta nossa."

O apóstolo valoriza inequivocamente tanto a tradição oral ("por palavras") quanto a escrita ("por carta"), estabelecendo um modelo de autoridade dual que o protestantismo posterior rejeitaria.

A Necessidade de Autoridade Interpretativa

A narrativa do eunuco etíope em Atos 8:30-31 demonstra a inadequação da Escritura isolada como autoridade final. Quando Filipe pergunta se o eunuco entende o que lê, a resposta é reveladora: "Como poderei entender, se alguém não me ensinar?"

Este episódio ilustra que a mera posse do texto bíblico não garante compreensão adequada. É necessária uma autoridade interpretativa externa – no caso, representada por Filipe, que age com autoridade apostólica.

A Complexidade Hermenêutica

Pedro, em sua segunda epístola (3:16-17), reconhece a dificuldade interpretativa inerente às Escrituras: "Suas cartas contêm algumas coisas difíceis de entender, as quais os ignorantes e instáveis torcem, como também o fazem com as demais Escrituras, para a própria destruição deles."

Esta passagem não apenas reconhece a complexidade hermenêutica dos textos sagrados, mas também alerta sobre os perigos da interpretação inadequada. Implicitamente, sugere a necessidade de uma autoridade interpretativa confiável para evitar distorções doutrinárias.

O Paradoxo Histórico da Canonização

A Dependência da Tradição Eclesiástica

Um dos argumentos mais devastadores contra o sola scriptura emerge da própria história da formação do cânon bíblico. Os concílios de Hipona (393 d.C.) e Cartago (397 d.C.) foram responsáveis pela definição oficial do cânon das Escrituras tal como conhecemos hoje.

Este fato histórico cria um paradoxo insuperável: aceitar a Bíblia como autoridade única requer aceitar a autoridade da tradição eclesiástica que a definiu. O próprio cânon bíblico é produto da tradição apostólica e da deliberação conciliar, não de autodefinição escriturística.

A Circularidade da Autopistia

Tentativas protestantes de resolver este dilema através do conceito de "autopistia" – a suposta capacidade das Escrituras de se auto-autenticar – apenas aprofundam o problema circular. Como determinar que as Escrituras possuem esta propriedade sem recorrer a critérios externos? A própria doutrina da autopistia não é explicitamente ensinada na Escritura.

Implicações Teológicas e Epistemológicas

A Fragmentação Interpretativa

A história do protestantismo oferece evidência empírica das consequências práticas do sola scriptura. A multiplicação de denominações e interpretações divergentes sugere que o princípio, longe de fornecer clareza doutrinária, pode na verdade contribuir para a fragmentação teológica.

Se a Escritura fosse verdadeiramente suficiente e auto-interpretativa, seria razoável esperar maior convergência hermenêutica entre aqueles que aderem ao sola scriptura. A realidade histórica sugere o contrário.

A Alternativa Católica e Ortodoxa

As tradições católica e ortodoxa, embora enfrentando suas próprias tensões epistemológicas, mantêm pelo menos coerência interna ao reconhecer explicitamente múltiplas fontes complementares de autoridade: Escritura, Tradição e Magistério (no caso católico) ou Escritura e Tradição (no caso ortodoxo).

Estas posições evitam a contradição performativa do sola scriptura ao não reivindicar que sua própria metodologia epistemológica seja derivada exclusivamente da Escritura.

Conclusão

A análise crítica do sola scriptura revela contradições estruturais que comprometem fundamentalmente sua viabilidade como princípio epistemológico. O princípio incorre em contradição performativa ao estabelecer uma regra que não pode ser derivada de suas próprias premissas, configura um fundacionalismo mal estruturado ao carecer de base textual explícita, e enfrenta o testemunho contrário da própria Escritura, que reconhece suas limitações e a necessidade de autoridades interpretativas externas.

O paradoxo histórico da canonização – onde o próprio cânon bíblico depende da autoridade tradicional que o sola scriptura pretende rejeitar – representa talvez o golpe mais decisivo contra o princípio protestante.

Isso não implica necessariamente a falsidade do protestantismo como sistema teológico, mas sugere que seus fundamentos epistemológicos requerem reformulação substancial. Uma teologia protestante intelectualmente honesta precisaria reconhecer as limitações do sola scriptura e desenvolver uma epistemologia mais nuançada que leve em conta a complexidade das fontes de autoridade religiosa.

A busca pela verdade teológica, independentemente de compromissos confessionais, exige o reconhecimento rigoroso das limitações e contradições inerentes aos nossos sistemas epistemológicos. No caso do sola scriptura, essa honestidade intelectual revela um princípio que, por mais central que seja para a identidade protestante, não pode sustentar o peso epistemológico que tradicionalmente lhe foi atribuído.

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

Here's to the ones who can\ Feel their cause\ Surrender\ Change their ways\ But keep their fire\ And never give up

We will transform this world\ Restructuring\ One belief at a time

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Autor: Anna Nagel. (Bild: Lukas Karl). Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben. Sie finden alle Texte der Friedenstaube und weitere Texte zum Thema Frieden hier. Die neuesten Pareto-Artikel finden Sie auch in unserem Telegram-Kanal.

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Teil 3 ist der letzte Teil des Essays. Hier geht es zu Teil 1 und Teil 2.

«Der große Jammer mit den Menschen ist, dass sie so genau wissen, was man ihnen schuldet, und so wenig Empfindungen dafür haben, was sie anderen schulden.»

– Franz von Sales

In den ersten beiden Teilen der Reihe «Mitgefühl und Vergebung» ging es darum, Wege zu finden, mit unserem Gegenüber, unserem «Widersacher» oder sogar der Menschheit an sich, weich zu werden, Verständnis zu finden, uns selbst vom Groll zu befreien und Frieden zu schließen. Doch wie ist das eigentlich andersherum?

Denn was bei all den Gedanken über das Verzeihen und Mitfühlen nicht fehlen darf, ist, sich selbst zu vergeben und auch, sich selbst zu entschuldigen. Häufig wissen wir zwar schnell, auf wen wir noch wütend sind, welchen Schmerz wir noch nicht loslassen konnten, – obwohl natürlich auch einige Wunden tiefer verschüttet sind – gleichwohl kann es noch etwas undurchsichtiger werden, wenn wir uns selbst einmal ehrlich fragen, wen wir verletzt haben, wem wir etwas schuldig geblieben sind. Denn das ist die Kehrseite der Medaille: Ich glaube, dass niemand von uns komplett ohne Schuld ist.

Zwar ist es einfacher, im Außen Verantwortliche für alles Mögliche zu finden, wie zum Beispiel das Unrecht in der Welt oder unsere eigenen verletzten Gefühle, da es häufig auch offensichtlicher ist, es lenkt uns aber auch gerne von den eigenen Schattenanteilen ab. Häufig werden wir sogar leider erst mit unseren eigenen Schuldgefühlen konfrontiert, wenn es zu spät ist; beispielsweise wenn es um Trennungen geht – oder wenn jemand Geliebtes stirbt. Erst dann zeigen sich bei den meisten Momente und Gefühle des Bereuens, des Bedauerns, des Wieder-gut-machen-Wollens.

Sehr viele Menschen, die eine Nahtoderfahrung erlebt haben, berichten, dass, als ihnen ihr eigenes Leben im Panoramablick gezeigt wurde, sie alle Situationen aus Sicht der Menschen fühlten, mit denen sie interagiert hatten. Also dass sie spätestens da merkten, in welchen Situationen ihre Worte und ihr Verhalten andere verletzten.

Andererseits gibt es auch Menschen, die von Schuldgefühlen förmlich zerfressen werden. Sie nagen an ihnen und ihrem Gewissen und manche werten sich selbst zutiefst ab, bis hin zum Selbsthass. Hier stellt sich die Frage, wie wir uns selbst helfen können, uns selbst ent-schuldigen können. Oder kann das nur derjenige, demgegenüber wir Schuld empfinden?

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Es tut mir leid

\ Wo wir können, sollten wir uns selbstverständlich entschuldigen und um Vergebung bitten. Nicht nur für uns selbst, sondern auch für den anderen. Wer das schon einmal ehrlich getan hat, weiß, wie schwer das sein kann und wem wiederum schon einmal eine wirklich ernstgemeinte Entschuldigung entgegen gebracht wurde, weiß, wie heilsam und tief berührend sie sein kann.

Viel zu häufig werden Entschuldigungen nämlich nicht ganz so ernst gemeint; wir werfen mit Wortschnipseln um uns, ein kurzes «Sorry» nuscheln wir in den Hemdkragen, drehen uns vielleicht noch dabei weg oder nutzen sie als Floskel, weil es sich «so gehört». Ebenso alltäglich finden wir das berühmte: «Tut mir ja leid, aaaber…» plus Rechtfertigung und möglicherweise sogar Gegenvorwürfen.

Das meine ich nicht, ich meine das ehrliche Entschuldigen. Das reine Schuldeingeständnis, die hundertprozentige Verantwortungsübernahme für das eigene Verhalten – wie oft erlebst du diese? Von anderen sowie von dir selbst. Es gehört nämlich schon eine ganze Portion Mut und innere Größe dazu, sich seiner Fehltritte bewusst zu sein, diese zuzugeben – und zwar vor sich selbst und zudem vor demjenigen, dem man auf den Fuß getreten ist –, ihm tief in die Augen zu schauen und zu sagen: «Es tut mir leid.» Ohne Erwartung, ohne Rechtfertigung. Im tiefen Einverständnis mit allen Konsequenzen.

Es braucht deshalb so viel Mut, weil es schmerzhaft und beängstigend sein kann. Weil wir uns dem anderen hingeben und unsere «Waffen» niederlegen. Es kann sein, dass die andere Person die Entschuldigung nicht annimmt, oder unser Eingeständnis sogar gegen uns verwendet, aber Größe zu haben, bedeutet auch, dies zu akzeptieren und sich dem ungewissen Ausgang zu stellen, die Machtkämpfe sein zu lassen und dem anderen das Zepter in die Hand zu geben.

Eine ehrliche Entschuldigung kommt von Herzen, nämlich, wenn wir gespürt haben, was wir dem anderen angetan oder zugemutet haben. Sie braucht wahres Mitfühlen und Erkennen sowie die Bereitschaft, das eigene Ego beiseite zu schieben. Dies kann zu Frieden führen – je nachdem, was jeder der Beteiligten für sich daraus macht und was vorgefallen war selbstverständlich –, aber derjenige, der sich entwaffnet, wird das Schlachtfeld auch verlassen und sich sich selbst und seinem Verhalten widmen, um in Zukunft von vornherein mitfühlender und achtsamer sein zu können.

Denn wenn ich lerne, mein Gegenüber zu spüren und mit ihm in Verbindung zu gehen, spüre ich am eigenen Leib die Verletzungen und wenn ich bereit bin, die Verantwortung zu übernehmen, gelange ich zu dem Gefühl des Bedauerns, beispielsweise, wenn ich die Konsequenz einer Trennung, tragen muss. Dadurch entsteht in mir ein intrinsisches Bedürfnis, in Zukunft liebevoller und achtsamer mit meinen Mitmenschen umzugehen.

„Es scheint wirklich den Menschen nur eine Hoffnung zu geben: Zwar nicht die Welt und die anderen, aber wenigstens sich selbst einigermaßen ändern und bessern zu können; und auf denen, die das tun, beruht im geheimen das Heil der Welt.“

―Hermann Hesse

Eine wahre Entschuldigung impliziert also die empathische Verbindung mit dem anderen und führt somit zu Selbsterkenntnis, wodurch in der Regel eine persönliche Aufarbeitung und Veränderung des eigenen Verhaltens folgt, während Vorwürfe nach außen hin üblicherweise darauf abzielen, den oder die anderen ändern zu wollen.

Sich selbst vergeben

Was aber passiert, wenn der andere uns nicht vergeben möchte, oder wir denjenigen, demgegenüber wir uns schuldig fühlen nicht erreichen können oder auch, wenn wir nicht einmal wissen, weswegen oder ob, wir uns schuldig fühlen, weil die Gefühle oder Erinnerungen zu weit im Unterbewusstsein vergraben wurden? 

In einer sehr fragilen Phase während meines Heilungsprozesses wandte ich mich an «Gott», an das Universum, und fragte verzweifelt: «Vergibst du mir?», und die Antwort war: «Vergibst du dir denn selbst?».

Was für eine Antwort. Was für eine Frage ja viel mehr - und doch auch gleichzeitig so viel Antwort. Warum braucht es einen anderen, um mir meine Schuldgefühle zu nehmen und vor allem, wie kann das gehen? Es sind meine Gefühle, mein Körper, meine Seele, mein Gewissen und wenn ein Anteil in mir sich plagt, ist es vielleicht doch einzig auch meine Aufgabe, ihn zu heilen und zu befreien? Aber kann ich das? Habe ich denn diese Macht? Darf ich das? Oder muss ich es vielleicht sogar? Was wäre, wenn das Universum «Ja» gesagt hätte? Hätte es vielleicht gar nichts an meinen Gefühlen geändert, weil das, was ich selbst glaube und das, was ich selbst von mir halte, vielleicht schwerer wiegt, als das, was ein anderer sagt? Hätte ich ihm überhaupt geglaubt? Letztlich war es ja «nur» meine eigene innere Stimme, die ich vernahm. 

Aber ja, ich erkannte, dass, wenn ich die Macht habe, mich zu verurteilen und zu strafen, wohl auch nur ich die Macht habe, gnädig und versöhnlich mit mir zu sein. Und so machte ich mich auf den Weg, herauszufinden, wie ich selbst meine Schuldgefühle auflösen konnte und werde versuchen, im Folgenden die Essenzen daraus zu vermitteln, in der Hoffnung, dass vielleicht jemand etwas daraus für sich mitnehmen kann.

Mir ging es fast mein Leben lang so, dass mir bei jeder kleinsten Kleinigkeit Adrenalin samt Wut auf mich selbst durch den Körper schossen. Nahezu permanent war mein innerer Kritiker parat, mich innerlich niederzumachen für: Einfach alles. 

Eines Tages saß ich mit mir da und forschte nach den Ursachen. Ich fragte mich, woher all dieser Selbsthass kam und ich dachte, dass es doch eigentlich nur Sinn ergibt, sich selbst so sehr zu verabscheuen, wenn man der absolut böseste Mensch der Welt sei. Wie viel Schuld und Missetaten müsste ein anderer begehen, um ihm gegenüber auch nur annähernd so unversöhnlich zu sein, wie mir selbst gegenüber? Und mir wurde klar, dass es unter der Wut auf mich selbst unter anderem um Schuld ging.

Ich wusste nicht recht, womit ich mich so unsagbar schuldig gemacht hatte, aber eine vorsichtige Stimme in mir schlug vor, dass ich es doch eventuell im Laufe all der Jahre abgebüßt haben könnte, dass ich mich doch genug gegeißelt haben könnte, – oder? Eigentlich empfand ich sogar ein kleines bisschen Mitgefühl mit mir selbst, mit meinem inneren Kind, meiner kleinen Anna. Was habe ich ihr, was habe ich mir eigentlich damit angetan? Das tat mir dann schon irgendwie leid. Und ich bat sie – und mich – um Verzeihung.

Intuitiv sprach ich die Worte: «Es tut mir leid!» mehrfach hintereinander laut aus, und mit jedem Mal tat es zunächst mehr weh. Erstaunlicherweise zeigten sich mit der Zeit von ganz allein innere Bilder und Situationen aus der Vergangenheit, die mir leid taten – sowohl mich selbst betreffend, als auch andere Situationen und Personen –, was zu Mitgefühl, Bedauern und auch Scham- und Schuldgefühlen führte. Wieder einige Zeit später verschwanden nach und nach die belastenden Emotionen und Bilder und ich wiederholte meine Worte so lange, bis es nicht mehr weh tat.

Daraufhin sprach ich laut aus: «Es ist ok, ich verzeihe dir», und auch das so oft, bis keine Bilder mehr kamen und bis es nicht mehr weh tat.

Diese Perspektivwechsel, also sowohl der Empfänger als auch der Sender zu sein, lernte ich zuvor in einer anderen Situation, die ich in diesem Video näher beschreibe.

Als nächstes sagte ich laut: «Mir wird vergeben», ebenfalls mehrmals und bis alle Tränen des Unglaubens, der Dankbarkeit und Erleichterung, getrocknet waren, und ich etwas Sonderbares empfand: es war warm und weich in mir, irgendwie entspannt. Ich fühlte mich wohl. Und mit einem kurzen Schreck identifizierte ich dieses Gefühl als (Selbst-)Liebe. Huch! Ich !? Ja, das war ich. Da war also dieser Frieden, diese Liebe in mir, für mich. Und auch für die Welt und die Menschheit, bei der ich mich ebenfalls entschuldigte – und ihnen verzieh, weil zumindest ein Anteil in mir schon immer damit haderte, Mensch zu sein. Aber seit dem Tag freunde ich mich zunehmend damit an und ich entdecke immer schönere Seiten am Leben –  und auch an mir selbst.

Es macht einen unbeschreiblichen Unterschied, wie sich die Welt im eigenen Körper anfühlt und wie ich sie durch meine eigenen Augen sehe – je nachdem, wie meine Einstellung zu ihr und vor allem auch zu mir selbst ist. 

Gibt es Schuld denn überhaupt? 

Einige Leute sagen, Schuld gibt es überhaupt nicht. Und auch, wenn ich hier so ausführlich darüber schreibe, denke ich das ebenfalls. Wie passt das zusammen und wie kann diese Perspektive helfen? 

Genauer gesagt, ist meine Antwort auf die Schuldfrage: Ja und Nein. Denn auf der einen Seite gibt es Schuld definitiv, in diesem Gefühl kenne ich mich ja sehr gut aus und auch unser Rechtssystem arbeitet mit Schuld. Andererseits, wenn ich mir die Natur ansehe – und die Menschheit und ihre Gedankenkonstrukte, Vereinbarungen und Gefühle ausblende –, komme ich persönlich zu dem Ergebnis, dass es keine natürliche Schuld gibt. Sondern, dass Schuld ein menschliches Konzept ist und außerhalb dessen, das heißt, wie gesagt in der Natur, aber möglicherweise auch auf Seelenebene oder erst recht einem bedingungslos liebenden «Gott» oder Universum gegenüber, irrelevant wird. 

Diese Grundlage ist bedeutend für die folgende Situation, denn der eine Teil des Heilungsprozesses besteht darin, die alten Gefühle zu durchfühlen, um sie loszulassen, der andere beschäftigt sich mit den dahinterstehenden Glaubenssätzen.

Eingangs erwähnte ich die Situation, dass einem im Trauerprozess um eine geliebte Person Schuldgefühle begegnen können – so auch mir. Die Gefühle und Gedanken dazu waren derart quälend, dass es sich höchstwahrscheinlich nur jemand ausmalen kann, der bereits ähnliches durchleben musste. Denn das Gefühl, Schuld am Tod der geliebten Person zu sein, zerreißt einen innerlich in Stücke. Und obwohl ich mir auf anderer Ebene bewusst war, dass ich in Wirklichkeit natürlich nicht Schuld daran war, da ich ja keinen Mord begangen und auch nicht seine Krankheit verursacht habe, kamen mir immer wieder Bilder vor Augen, die mir Momente zeigten, in denen ich vielleicht doch noch etwas mehr oder weniger hätte sagen oder tun können, um den Krankheitsverlauf möglicherweise doch noch irgendwie zu beeinflussen. 

Auch mein Glaube daran, dass eine Seele geht, wenn sie bereit dafür ist und nur sie selbst weiß, wann ihre Zeit gekommen ist und warum, konnte mir die Bilder und Gefühle nicht nehmen. Es fühlte sich an, als wäre etwas Zerstörerisches in mir, das an mir zerrte, das mich von innen her auffraß und möglicherweise kein Teil meiner selbst zu sein schien, bis ich mich eines Tages schluchzend vor den Spiegel stellte, mich zwang, mir in die Augen zu sehen und laut zu mir zu sagen: «Ich glaube nicht an Schuld! Schuld ist ein Konzept der Menschen. In der Natur gibt es keine Schuld. Ich glaube nicht an Schuld. Schuld ist ein Konzept der Menschen, …» und so weiter.

Es kostete wahnsinnig viel Kraft, diese Sätze auszusprechen, weil die Energie der Schuld, in der mein Körper feststeckte, genau gegenteilig schwang und der größte Teil in mir in dem Moment davon eingenommen war. Ich musste also enorme Kraft aufbringen, diese Worte auszusprechen, um diesen kleinen Funken der Liebe in mir durchzusetzen und es war, als würde ich gegen einen Orkan angehen. Aber auch hier wurde mit jeder Wiederholung der Schmerz der Schuld und des Widerspruches zwischen diesen beiden Anteilen zunächst erträglicher und dann immer weniger, bis ich irgendwann ruhig dort stehen und die Sätze aussprechen konnte. 

Dies ist sicherlich eine besondere Situation in Bezug auf «Mitgefühl und Vergebung». Vielleicht findet sich aber dennoch jemand in dieser oder einer ähnlichen Situation wieder, in der die alten Glaubenssätze im Gegensatz zur Entwicklung im Heilungsprozess stehen oder jemand ist sogar ähnlich strukturiert – und daher anfällig für Schuldgefühle – wie ich. Daher entschied ich mich dafür, den Absatz doch noch mit aufzunehmen.

Lieben heißt Lernen – Fazit

«Das Leben eines jeden Menschen ist ein Weg zum eigenen Ich, der Versuch eines Weges, der Entwurf eines Weges.» – Hermann Hesse

In gleicher Weise, wie ich lerne, mich zu fühlen und mir selbst zu vergeben, erfahre ich, dass ich auch aufhöre, andere für meine Gefühle verantwortlich zu machen und, dass es mir auch automatisch sehr viel leichter fällt, mich in andere hineinzuversetzen, ihnen versöhnlich zu begegnen und ihnen ihr Leben, ihr Verhalten und ihre Lernaufgaben zuzugestehen.

Interessanterweise entdeckte ich auch, dass, in den meisten Fällen, in denen sich noch Ärger auf andere Personen offenbarte, ich, bei näherem Hinsehen, eigentlich mir selbst noch nicht vergeben hatte. Wenn Gedanken kamen, wie: «Wie konntest du dich mir gegenüber so ungerecht und respektlos verhalten? Wie konntest du mich so verletzen?», sah ich, dass ich diejenige war, die sich so hat behandeln lassen. Dass ich diejenige war, die mich nicht beschützt hat, die mich verletzt und im Stich gelassen hat.

Es ist ein tiefer, innerer Prozess, sich kennen- und verstehen zu lernen. Sich selbst zu vergeben, bedeutet auf der einen Seite, sich Vergangenes zu vergegenwärtigen, mitfühlend auf unser jüngeres Ich zu schauen und zu verstehen, dass wir, aus unserem damaligen Wissen und Verständnis heraus, so gut gehandelt haben, wie wir konnten. Im Nachhinein wissen wir oft mehr und wir bereuen und ärgern uns, doch in dem Zauber dieses Prozesses erkennen wir, dass wir stetig dazulernen und wachsen und in der Vergangenheit noch nicht sehen konnten, was wir jetzt sehen. Im Hier und Jetzt haben wir die Möglichkeit, uns neu zu entscheiden, immer wieder.

Zudem geht der Weg zum inneren Frieden darüber hinaus, als «nur» mit vergangenen Situationen und Versionen von uns Frieden zu schließen; er bedeutet in jedem Moment, mit dem, was sich in uns zeigt, mit allen Gedanken und Gefühlen, versöhnlich und liebevoll umzugehen, weich mit ihnen – mit uns selbst – zu werden und Mitgefühl auch in die verschleiertsten und ungeliebtesten Bereiche unseres Selbst zu bringen.

Im ersten Teil von «Mitgefühl und Vergebung» zitierte ich C.G Jung, der fragte: «Was aber, wenn ich nun entdecken sollte, daß der armselige Bettler und der unverschämteste Beleidiger alle in mir selber sind und ich bedürftig bin, Empfänger meiner eigenen Wohltaten zu sein? Daß ich der Feind bin, den ich lieben muß - was dann?». Und ich glaube, eine Antwort darauf könnte sein, dass wir uns genau dann auf dem Weg heimwärts befinden. Dass wir, wenn wir uns unseren eigenen Anteilen stellen und lernen, die Perspektiven zu wechseln, erkennen, dass wir einander mehr ähneln, als wir glaubten.

Auf dem Weg zu sein, bedeutet auch, dass wir weiterhin «Fehler» machen werden, die uns dann unser zukünftiges Ich liebevoll vergeben wird.

«Die Welt selbst aber, das Seiende um uns her und in uns innen, ist nie einseitig. Nie ist ein Mensch, oder eine Tat, ganz Sansara oder ganz Nirvana, nie ist ein Mensch ganz heilig oder ganz sündig. Es scheint ja so, weil wir der Täuschung unterworfen sind, dass Zeit etwas Wirkliches sei. Zeit ist nicht wirklich, Govinda, ich habe dies oft und oft erfahren. Und wenn Zeit nicht wirklich ist, so ist die Spanne, die zwischen Welt und Ewigkeit, zwischen Leid und Seligkeit, zwischen Böse und Gut zu liegen scheint, auch eine Täuschung.

…Nein, in dem Sünder ist, ist jetzt und heute schon der künftige Buddha, seine Zukunft ist alle schon da, du hast in ihm, in dir, in jedem den werdenden, den möglichen, den verborgenen Buddha zu verehren. Die Welt, Freund Govinda, ist nicht unvollkommen, oder auf einem langsamen Wege zur Vollkommenheit begriffen: nein, sie ist in jedem Augenblick vollkommen, alle Sünde trägt schon die Gnade in sich, alle kleinen Kinder haben schon den Greis in sich, alle Säuglinge den Tod, alle Sterbenden das ewige Leben.

…Mögen die Dinge Schein sein oder nicht, auch ich bin alsdann ja Schein, und so sind sie stets meinesgleichen.  Das ist es, was sie mir so lieb und verehrenswert macht: sie sind meinesgleichen. Darum kann ich sie lieben. Und dies ist nun eine Lehre, über welche du lachen wirst: die Liebe, o Govinda, scheint mir von allem die Hauptsache zu sein.

Die Welt zu durchschauen, sie zu erklären, sie zu verachten, mag großer Denker Sache sein. Mir aber liegt einzig daran, die Welt lieben zu können, sie nicht zu verachten, sie und mich nicht zu hassen, sie und mich und alle Wesen mit Liebe und Bewunderung und Ehrfurcht betrachten zu können.»

– Hermann Hesse, Siddartha*

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@ b1ddb4d7:471244e7

Jason Lowery’s thesis, Softwar: A Novel Theory on Power Projection and the National Strategic Significance of Bitcoin, reframes bitcoin not merely as digital cash but as a transformative security technology with profound implications for investors and nation-states alike.

For centuries, craft brewers understood that true innovation balanced tradition with experimentation—a delicate dance between established techniques and bold new flavors.

Much like the craft beer revolution reshaped a global industry, bitcoin represents a fundamental recalibration of how humans organize value and project power in the digital age.

The Antler in the Digital Forest: Power Projection

Lowery, a U.S. Space Force officer and MIT scholar, anchors his Softwar theory in a biological metaphor: Bitcoin as humanity’s “digital antler.” In nature, antlers allow animals like deer to compete for resources through non-lethal contests—sparring matches where power is demonstrated without fatal consequences. This contrasts sharply with wolves, who must resort to violent, potentially deadly fights to establish hierarchy.

The Human Power Dilemma: Historically, humans projected power and settled resource disputes through physical force—wars, seizures, or coercive control of assets. Even modern financial systems rely on abstract power structures: court orders, bank freezes, or government sanctions enforced by legal threat rather than immediate physical reality.

Lowery argues this creates inherent fragility: abstract systems can collapse when met with superior physical force (e.g., invasions, revolutions). Nature only respects physical power.

Bitcoin’s Physical Power Engine: Bitcoin introduces a novel solution through its proof-of-work consensus mechanism. Miners compete to solve computationally intense cryptographic puzzles, expending real-world energy (megawatts) to validate transactions and secure the network.

This process converts electricity—a tangible, physical resource—into digital security and immutable property rights. Winning a “block” is like winning a sparring match: it consumes significant resources (energy/cost) but is non-destructive.

The miner gains the right to write the next page of the ledger and collect rewards, but no participant is physically harmed, and no external infrastructure is destroyed.

Table: Traditional vs. Bitcoin-Based Power Systems

Power System

Mechanism

Key Vulnerability

Resource Cost

Traditional (Fiat/Banking)

Legal abstraction, threat of state force

Centralized points of failure, corruption, political change

Low immediate cost, high systemic risk

Military/Economic Coercion

Physical force, sanctions

Escalation, collateral damage, moral hazard

Very high (lives, capital, instability)

Bitcoin (Proof-of-Work)

Competition via energy expenditure

High energy cost, concentration risk (mining)

High energy cost, low systemic risk

Softwar Theory National Strategic Imperative: Governments Are Taking Notice

Lowery’s Softwar Theory has moved beyond academia into the corridors of power, shaping U.S. national strategy:

1. The Strategic Bitcoin Reserve: Vice President JD Vance recently framed bitcoin as an instrument projecting American values—”innovation, entrepreneurship, freedom, and lack of censorship”. State legislation is now underway to implement this reserve, preventing easy reversal by future administrations.
2. Regulatory Transformation: The SEC is shifting from an “enforcement-first” stance under previous leadership. New initiatives include:
   • Repealing Staff Accounting Bulletin 121 (SAB 121), which discouraged banks from custodying digital currency by forcing unfavorable balance sheet treatment.
   • Creating the Cyber and Emerging Technologies Unit (CETU) to develop clearer crypto registration/disclosure rules.

The Investor’s Lens: Scarcity, Security, and Asymmetric Opportunity

For investors, understanding “Softwar” validates bitcoin’s unique value proposition beyond price speculation:

• Digital Scarcity as Strategic Depth: Bitcoin’s fixed supply of 21 million makes it the only digital asset with truly inelastic supply, a programmed scarcity immune to political whims or central bank printing.

  This “scarcity imperative” acts as a natural antidote to global fiat debasement. As central banks expanded money supplies aggressively (Global M2), bitcoin’s price has shown strong correlation, acting as a pressure valve for inflation concerns. The quadrennial “halving” (latest: April 2024) mechanically reduces new supply, creating built-in supply shocks as adoption grows. * The Antifragile Security Feedback Loop: Bitcoin’s security isn’t static; it’s antifragile. The network strengthens through demand: * More users → More transactions → Higher fees → More miner revenue → More hashpower (computational security) → Greater network resilience → More user confidence.
  This self-reinforcing cycle contrasts sharply with traditional systems, where security is a cost center (e.g., bank security budgets, military spending). Bitcoin turns security into a profitable, market-driven activity. * Institutionalization Without Centralization: While institutional ownership via ETFs (like BlackRock’s IBIT) and corporate treasuries (MicroStrategy, Metaplanet) has surged, supply remains highly decentralized.

  Individuals still hold the largest share of bitcoin, preventing a dangerous concentration of control. Spot Bitcoin ETFs alone are projected to see over $20 billion in net inflows in 2025, demonstrating robust institutional capital allocation.

The Bitcoin Community: Building the Digital Antler’s Resilience

Lowery’s “Softwar” theory underscores why bitcoin’s decentralized architecture is non-negotiable. Its strength lies in the alignment of incentives across three participant groups:

1. Miners: Provide computational power (hashrate), validating transactions and securing the network. Incentivized by block rewards (newly minted BTC) and transaction fees. Their physical energy expenditure is the “muscle” behind the digital antler.
2. Nodes: Independently verify and enforce the protocol rules, maintaining the blockchain’s integrity. Run by users, businesses, and enthusiasts globally. They ensure decentralized consensus, preventing unilateral protocol changes.
3. Users: Individuals, institutions, and corporations holding, transacting, or building on bitcoin. Their demand drives transaction fees and fuels the security feedback loop.

This structure creates “Mutually Assured Preservation”. Attacking bitcoin requires overwhelming its global, distributed physical infrastructure (miners/nodes), a feat far more complex and costly than seizing a central bank’s gold vault or freezing a bank’s assets. It transforms financial security from a centralized liability into a decentralized, physically-grounded asset.

Risks & Responsibilities

Investors and policymakers must acknowledge persistent challenges:

• Volatility: Bitcoin remains volatile, though this has decreased as markets mature. Dollar-cost averaging (DCA) is widely recommended to mitigate timing risk.
• Regulatory Uncertainty: While U.S. policy is increasingly favorable, global coordination is lacking. The EU’s MiCAR regulation exemplifies divergent approaches.
• Security & Custody: While Bitcoin’s protocol is robust, user errors (lost keys) or exchange hacks remain risks.
• Environmental Debate: Proof-of-Work energy use is scrutinized, though mining increasingly uses stranded energy/renewables. Innovations continue.

Jason Lowery’s “Softwar” theory elevates bitcoin from a financial instrument to a socio-technological innovation on par with the invention of the corporation, the rule of law, or even the antler in evolutionary biology. It provides a coherent framework for understanding why:

• Nations like the U.S. are looking to establish bitcoin reserves and embracing stablecoins—they recognize bitcoin’s role in projecting economic power non-violently in the digital age.
• Institutional Investors are allocating billions via ETFs—they see a scarce, secure, uncorrelated asset with antifragile properties.
• Individuals in hyperinflationary economies or under authoritarian regimes use bitcoin—it offers self-sovereign wealth storage immune to seizure or debasement.

For the investor, bitcoin represents more than potential price appreciation. It offers exposure to a fundamental reorganization of how power and value are secured and exchanged globally, grounded not in abstract promises, but in the unyielding laws of physics and mathematics.

Like the brewers who balanced tradition with innovation to create something enduring and valuable, bitcoin pioneers are building the infrastructure for a more resilient digital future—one computationally secured block at a time. The “Softwar” is here, and it is reshaping the landscape of p

@ 69eea734:4ae31ae6

Vor ein paar Tagen stieß ich auf einen faszinierenden Artikel von Michel Bauwens, Mitbegründer der P2PFoundation, mit Links zu weiteren Texten – zum Beispiel über den Puls der Commons –, die ich ebenfalls äußerst interessant fand.

Der Artikel zeigt unter anderem gut, wie unterschiedlich Commons aussehen können, so dass ich ihn heute als Ausgangspunkt nehmen möchte, um ein paar Puzzle-Steine in mein entstehendes Bild der Commons einzufügen.

Das Grundmuster menschlichen Zusammenlebens?

Bauwens betrachtet die Commons aus historischer Sicht, wie sie sich in verschiedenen Zeiten unterschiedlich manifestieren, manchmal gar nahezu verschwinden und heute in wiederum veränderter Form neu entstehen – und warum sie noch weit stärker werden sollten.

Er legt zunächst dar, was die Commons sind und was nicht. (zum Beispiel nichts, was vom Staat verwaltet wird, wie ein öffentlicher Park) Ausschlaggebend ist, dass eine Ressource von ihren Herstellern oder Benutzern selbst betreut wird. Commons entstehen dabei durch Beziehungen. Sie sind etwas spezifisch Menschliches und eine Wahl, die „fast immer“ zur Verfügung steht, so Bauwens. Eine die Geschichte überdauernde menschliche Praxis.

Er nennt drei verschiedene geschichtlichen Entwicklungen:

• Eine lineare - Wie präsentiert sich der Commons über verschiedene, komplexer werdende, Phasen der Menschheitsgeschichte hinweg?
• Eine hin und her schwingendende: In der Geschichte einer Zivilisation werden die Commons in Zeiten von Überfluss -- und daraus resultierender Verschwendung uns steigender Ressourcen-Extraktion -- unterdrückt, konstitutieren sich aber dann als Gegenbewegung wieder neu.
• Eine stufenweise: Die heutigen, mit neuen Möglichkeiten ausgestatteten Formen der Commons könnten in der nächsten Phase unserer Zivilisation (oder nach unserer Zivilisation) eine entscheidende Rolle spielen.

Wenn man verschiedene Arten des Austausches betrachtet (Bauwens beruft sich hier auf Alan Fiske), kann man geschichtlich analysieren, welche dieser Muster zu verschiedenen Zeiten vorrangig waren (dies tat Kojin Karatani in The Structure of World History von 2014).

Die vier Muster sind:

• Gemeinschaftliche Beteiligung, Commons (die Gemeinschaft baut mir ein Haus, und ich helfe später bei einem anderen Hausbau mit; ein Beispiel aus neuerer Zeit ist die Entwicklung von Linux)
• Wechselseitiger Austausch (Geschenkökonomie – es wird eine etwa gleichwertige Leistung zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt erwartet)
• Hierarchisch bedingte Verteilung, wie im Feudalismus
• Marktwirtschaft: Es gibt ein allgemeines Zahlungsmittel mit einem bestimmten Wert.

Bauwens: „Entscheidend ist jedoch, dass die Menschheit ständig bestrebt ist, Modus A wiederherzustellen, denn die Menschen haben eine kulturelle und wahrscheinlich auch allgemeine Vorliebe für ein geselliges Leben in kleinen, vertrauten Gruppen. Aber menschliche Gruppen versuchen, dies auf jeweils höheren Komplexitätsebenen zu tun, in einem ständigen Versuch, die extraktive Logik der Zivilisation zu mäßigen.“ (Katarani bezeichnet eine Verbindung von Commoning und Geschenkökonomie in stammesorientierten Kulturen als Modus A)

Commons durch die Zeiten - ein kurzer Abriss

In der ursprünglichsten Form der Commons in Jäger- und Sammler-Gemeinschaften, werden Nahrung und sonstige Ressourcen mit der ganzen Gemeinschaft geteilt - dies ist zumindest die vorherrschende Form des Austauschs.

Im Zuge der Agrar-Revolution geht es um das gemeinsame Bewirtschaften von Flächen.

Im Mittelalter entwickelt sich in Europa das Feudalsystem. Auch hier werden manche Felder aber noch von den Dorfbewohnern gemeinsam verwaltet.

Ab dem 16. Jahrhundert fanden, am stärksten in England, die Enclosures (auf deutsch Einhegungen) statt. Das heißt, dass Felder zur effizienteren Bewirtschaftung von den Besitzern zusammengelegt und mit Zäunen versehen wurden.

Besonders im 19. Jahrhundert, mit dem Aufkommen der Industrialisierung, nahm diese Entwicklung immer stärker zu. Die landwirtschaftlichen Commons wurden dadurch weitgehend zerstört.

Im industriellen Kapitalismus, als die Arbeiter kaum Rechte hatten, und es auch um das bloße Überleben ging, entwickelte sich ein sozialer Commons Dieser bestand darin, dass sich die Arbeiter gegenseitig halfen und sich gegenseitig versicherten. Aus dieser Bewegung entstand dann der Sozialstaat. Der Staat übernahm also Aufgaben, die die Menschen zuvor füreinander geleistet hatten.

Man könnte daher sagen, dass im Kapitalismus die natürlichen Commons-Ressourcen privatisiert und die sozialen Commons verstaatlicht wurden.

In der Moderne waren sich viele Menschen der Bedeutung von Commons gar nicht mehr bewusst.

Mit dem Internet, dem World Wide Web und weiteren digitalen Techniken erschlossen sich dann neue Möglichkeiten. Mit Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) und Peer Production, sowie den Creative Commons Lizenzen, enstand eine neue Inkarnation der Commons. Und damit ist die Entwicklung noch nicht abgeschlossen...

Warum Commons nicht in ein Links-Rechts-Schema passen

Mit seinem Streifzug durch die Geschichte zeigt Bauwens, wie vielfältig die Commons sein können, und warum ihnen in der heutigen Zeit eine starke Rolle zukommen sollte. Nebenbei ergibt sich für mich auch, dass sie jenseits von linker oder rechter Ideologie liegen. Hierzu eine kurze Zwischenbetrachtung von mir:

Weil es um kollektives Handeln geht, und auch wegen des Namens („hört sich an wie Kommunismus“, meinte meine Mutter), entsteht leicht der Eindruck, es handele sich um ein besonders linksgerichtetes Phänomen.

Eine gut eingespielte Fußballmannschaft agiert auch als Kollektiv. Der Verein verwaltet vielleicht ein Clubhaus. Wohl kaum jemand würde deswegen den Verein als links bezeichnen.

Freilich sind die Mitglieder heutiger Commons-Bewegungen vorwiegend „progressiv“, zuweilen auf eine rigide Weise. Bauwens hat damit schon eine leidvolle Erfahrung gemacht. Aber Commons als soziales System sind es nicht. Dafür spricht allein schon die Tatsache, dass es sie viel länger gibt als die politische Links-Rechts-Einteilung.

Eine starke Rolle für die Commons

Wie steht es um die Commons heute? Das werde ich in weiteren Artikeln noch versuchen zu beleuchten.

Mir kommt gerade der Gedanke in den Sinn: Sie wachsen überall.

Wie oben erwähnt, enstand mit zunehmenden digitalen Möglichkeiten eine neue Form der Commons. Leider gab es hier auch moderne Formen der Einhegungen. Github wurde von Microsoft übernommen, der Sardex (alternatives lokales Wirtschaftsnetzwerk) anscheinend von einer Investment-Firma. AWS (Amazon Web Services) verleibt sich gerne woanders entwickelte Projekte ein und bietet sie als zahlungspflichtige Services an. Krypto wurde -- weitgehend -- "gekapert".

Aber zum einen gibt es nicht nur den digital basierten Commons, es entsteht schon viel auf anderer Ebene, und zum anderen sind Commoners erfinderische Menschen...

Michel Bauwens hat in seinen Artikeln im Übrigen noch mehr zu den heutigen Commons zu sagen. Inbesondere beführwortet er das Kosmo-Lokale (Cosmo-Local). Was leicht ist (Wissen) wird geteilt, was Gewicht hat (etwa landwirtschaftliche und andere Produktion), wird an lokale Gegebenheiten angepasst und vor Ort bewerkstelligt.

Und das Zusammenspiel von Digitalem und Materiellem verspricht weitere Möglichkeiten.

In jedem Fall haben die Commons eine ausgleichende, regenerierende Kraft, die wir aufgrund der heutigen vielen Kriesen gar nicht ungenützt lassen können, ganz unabhängig von unserer sozialer Ebene - das gilt auch für die Superreichen.

@ a296b972:e5a7a2e8

Europa sitzt in einem Demokratie-Simulator. Auf die Scheiben im Cockpit werden Bilder projiziert, die nicht der Realität entsprechen, und es gibt immer noch zu viele Menschen, die diese Simulation nicht erkannt haben.

Nichts wäre erstrebenswerter, als über eine positive Entwicklung, hin zur Vernunft und realitätsbezogenen, auf Tatsachen beruhenden Entscheidungen, berichten zu können. Die Frage ist, ob nicht zuerst unentwegt auf Missstände hingewiesen werden muss, um weitere Menschen dazu zu bewegen, sich denjenigen anzuschließen, die offensichtlich an Indoktrinationsintoleranz leiden.

Wer sich vor Hofberichterstattung und die tägliche Fahrt durch die Gehirnwaschanlage schützen will, der meidet den öffentlich-rechtlichen Unfug und die einschlägigen Käseblätter, die vielleicht noch halbwegs dazu geeignet sind, den Fisch auf dem Markt einzuschlagen, um ihn nach Hause zu tragen, vorausgesetzt, man kann ihn sich noch leisten.

Die Neuen Medien liefern die Informationen, die man sonst im „Qualitäts-Mainstream“ nicht finden kann, was nicht verwundert, denn infiltriert von willigen Erfüllungsgehilfen, die Angst um ihr Prestige und ihre Stellung haben, kann man hier keine freie Berichterstattung erwarten.

Beste Unterhaltung bietet auch die Bundespressekonferenz-Show, auf die schon näher eingegangen wurde. Offizieller Regierungssprech in höchster Perfektion. Ob man dort wirklich davon überzeugt ist, dass es irgendjemanden gibt, der diesen Verlautbarungen Glauben schenkt? Was hat Tante Käthe immer gesagt: G E L D   L O C K T   I M M E R !

Was also tun? Die Neuen Medien auch noch meiden, und sich vor dem blanken Wahnsinn schützen, in dem man ihn ignoriert, was jedoch nicht bewirkt, dass er nicht mehr da wäre.

Temporäre Abstinenz tut auch hier gut, allerdings ist der Wiedereinstieg so ähnlich, wie der erste Arbeitstag nach einem zweimonatigen Urlaub, falls man nicht in seinem Lieblings-Job gelandet ist.

Und was, wenn die Irren vollends durchdrehen, und man bekommt es nicht mit? Schön, ändern kann man vielleicht wenig, aber man kann sich vielleicht noch eine richtig gute, edle Flasche Rotwein kaufen, und die am Vorabend des Untergangs genießen, oder noch schnell einen Baum pflanzen.

Hier ein Beispiel für jemanden, dessen besonderer Blick sehr an den Universal-Gesundheits-Klima-Hysteriker erinnert:

https\://rumble.com/v6umjdj-respekt-und-anerkennung-deutscher-general-lobt-ukrainische-angriffe-in-russ.html

Wie sieht der Alltag aus, wenn man sich einmal nicht mit den Informationen über Dauer- Bekloppte beschäftigt?

Wenn sich ein Besuch in der nächst größeren Stadt nicht vermeiden lässt, sieht man vor allem gehetzte Menschen, viele mit einem finsteren Blick, anders, als früher.

Viele zahlen mit Karte oder ihrem Handy, Kleckerbeträge. „Zahlen Sie noch bar, oder schon mit Überwachung?“, wünschte man sich, dass die Verkäuferinnen den Kunden fragen würden. Tun sie aber nicht.

Die Menschen scheinen keine Ahnung zu haben, was auf sie zukommt. Im Oktober soll der digitale Euro eingeführt werden, natürlich zuerst nur freiwillig. Was das bedeutet, kennt man ja schon. Freiwilligkeit durch das Schaffen eines Raumes, in dem der Zwang in der Luft hängt, wie damals der Kohlenstaub im Ruhrgebiet. Es wird die persönliche ID vorangetrieben, mit einem Wallet, das die Anonymität und die persönliche Freiheit immer mehr aushöhlen will.

Europa soll unter einen Demokratie-Schutzschirm gestellt werden, der zu nichts anderem dient, als dass diejenigen, die derzeit glauben zu wissen, was gut für die Menschen ist, ihre kruden Vorstellungen auch durchsetzen können. Zweifelhaft, was in den USA vorgeht, was da gerade mit Palantir, natürlich nur zur Sicherheit der Amerikaner, so im Hintergrund schon anläuft. Hierzu gibt es interessante Informationen von Regenauer und Tögel. Einziger Hoffnungsschimmer, besonders für Deutschland: Das klappt sowieso nicht. In den hintersten Bergdörfern in den italienischen Alpen gibt es Glasfaseranschluss, und fährt man in Deutschland auf’s Land, reiht sich Funkloch an Funkloch.

Die wirklich wichtige und große Frage ist, wie können sich Gemeinschaften, die diesen Irrsinn nicht mitmachen wollen, weitgehend aus dem System ausklinken? Bitcoin ist ein erster Schritt zur finanziellen Unabhängigkeit. Eine regionale Lebensmittelversorgung, mit nicht verseuchten, genunmanipulierten, mit Schadstoffen weitgehend unbelasteten Produkten entwickelt sich ebenfalls schon sehr gut. Was, wenn der Zugang zu Informationen über das Internet von einer Anmeldung mit persönlicher ID abhängt und man will und hat keine? Was ist mit Dokumenten, wenn man verreisen oder das Land verlassen will? Was ist, wenn man krank wird und auf das noch vorhandene Rest-Gesundheitssystem angewiesen ist? Was, wenn das Unternehmen seine Mitarbeiter auf staatliche Anweisung zu etwas zwingen muss, was der Mitarbeiter vielleicht gar nicht will, er aber auf das Einkommen angewiesen ist?

Das alles sind Fragen, zu denen es schwer ist, auch in den Neuen Medien, passende Antworten zu finden. Die würden in der Tat Hoffnung machen, dass es ein Schlupfloch gibt, sich, wenn vielleicht auch mit Einschränkungen, den „demokratischen“ Verhältnissen, auf denen nur noch Demokratie draufsteht, aber sehr wenig bis keine Demokratie mehr drin ist, so weit es geht zu entziehen. Sachdienliche Hinweise gerne in der Kommentarfunktion.

Oder ist es „gesünder“, sich zurückzuziehen, die Klappe zu halten und dafür zu sorgen, dass man unter dem Radar bleibt? Diese Gabe ist leider nicht jedem gegeben. Besonders nicht denen, die einen ausgeprägten Wahrheitssinn und ein starkes Gerechtigkeitsgefühl haben.

Menschen die andere belügen, die werden geliebt. Menschen, die anderen sagen, dass sie belogen werden, die werden gehasst.

„Die Wahrheit ist dem Menschen zumutbar.“ (Ingeborg Bachmann)

„Kein Mensch hat das Recht zu gehorchen.“ (Hannah Ahrendt)

“Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben.”

* *

(Bild von pixabay)

@ fe02e8ec:f07fbe0b

Wir können davon ausgehen, dass die allermeisten Personen, die das hier lesen, die realen Funktionen der Mainstream-Medien schon länger erkannt haben. Diese bestehen vor allem darin, der Bevölkerung das von den herrschenden Kräften gewünschte Bild der Wirklichkeit zu vermitteln oder überhaupt zu erzeugen. Der Altmeister der Propaganda, Edward Bernays, hat dies bereits 1928 beschrieben, als die Massenmedien nur aus Tageszeitungen bestanden:

«Die bewusste und intelligente Manipulation der organisierten Gewohnheiten und Meinungen der Massen ist ein wichtiges Element einer demokratischen Gesellschaft.»

Und an anderer Stelle: «Diejenigen, die diesen unsichtbaren Mechanismus der Gesellschaft manipulieren, bilden eine unsichtbare Regierung, die die wahre herrschende Macht unseres Landes ist.» Oder Noam Chomsky, einer der gelehrtesten Kritiker staatlicher Machtausübung:

«Indoktrination ist keineswegs inkompatibel mit der Demokratie. Vielmehr ihre Essenz. Ohne Knüppel, ohne Kontrolle durch Gewalt muss man das Denken kontrollieren. Dazu greift man zu dem, was in ehrlicheren Zeiten Propaganda genannt wurde.»

Man könnte noch eine ganze Reihe weiterer höchst aussagekräftiger Zitate anführen, von Walter Lippman («Die öffentliche Meinung»), Gustave Le Bon («Psychologie der Massen») bis hin zu John F. Kennedy oder ganz aktuell Mattias Desmet («Massenbildung»). Nichts davon ist neu, alles wurde seit Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts ausführlich und sehr konkret beschrieben.

Und doch kennt die Mehrheit der Bevölkerung keine einzige dieser Aussagen.

Jeder, der selbst seinen ureigenen Erkenntnisprozess durchgemacht hat, kommt unweigerlich zu dem Ergebnis, dass die Welt, wie sie uns durch Politik und Medien vorgespielt wird, zumeist nichts anderes ist als ein großes Schauspiel. Stets werden die wahren Absichten und Ziele verborgen, nie wird die ganze Wahrheit enthüllt, höchstens ein paar Stücke davon, wenn es sich gar nicht mehr verhindern lässt.

«Macht hat derjenige, der große Ereignisse herbeiführen kann. Doch noch größere Macht haben diejenigen, die bestimmen können, was die Menschen über die Ereignisse denken» (aus: «Hinter der Zukunft»).

Diese Erkenntnis hat bei vielen zu dem Entschluss geführt, die «Unwissenden» über diese Tatsachen zu informieren. Denn es kann ja nicht sein, dass sich Familie, Freunde, Bekannte weiterhin so täuschen lassen. Die große Ent-Täuschung war das Ziel. Doch das Ergebnis war die eigentliche Enttäuschung: hitzige Diskussionen, Streitereien am Familientisch, Abbruch von Freundschaften. Selbst das Vorführen des Einsturzes von WTC 7, dem dritten Gebäude, das am 11. September 2001 in Fallgeschwindigkeit vollkommen symmetrisch eingestürzt war, konnte nicht überzeugen.

Verschwörungstheorien?

Alles Verschwörungstheorien. Seit der Ermordung John F. Kennedys hat dieser Begriff – ursprünglich von der CIA eingeführt — ein immer größeres Minenfeld wachsen lassen, um Themen von offener Diskussion abzuschirmen. In diesem Minenfeld sind unzählige Freundschaften explodiert, Karrieren abgestürzt und Menschen in die innere Isolation getrieben worden. Deshalb muss es hier erwähnt werden. Denn das ist die Gefahr, in die sich jeder begibt, der versucht, über seine Erkenntnisse zu sprechen oder zu schreiben. Die Gefahr des sozialen Ausschlusses. Ein schauerliches Beispiel lieferte Anfang Mai in menschenverachtender Weise ein gewisser Böhmermann ab. Sein Ziel war es, den Betreiber des youtube-Kanals Clownswelt, der die Machenschaften des medialen und politischen Personals satirisch zum Vorschein bringt, gesellschaftlich zu vernichten. Denn das ist das Damoklesschwert, das über denjenigen hängt, die das Minenfeld betreten, Tabus antasten und das Overton-window verlassen. Diffamierung, sozialer Ausschluss, Job-Verlust. Reicht auch das nicht, so droht die Kündigung des Bankkontos oder gar eine Hausdurchsuchung. Alles hundertfach geschehen. Und der Normalbürger hat absolut keine Idee, dass so etwas überhaupt in unserem Staat geschieht. Denn es kommt nicht in der Tagesschau, im Spiegel oder der SZ.

Ratlosigkeit, Verzweiflung bis hin zu Aggression sind oft die Folge dieser weltanschaulichen Zweiteilung. Wie ist es möglich, dass Menschen das Offensichtliche nicht sehen, selbst wenn es im Video vor ihnen abläuft? Wenn man sich die Lügenkonstrukte um Klima, Corona oder Ukraine ansieht, dann könnte man daran verzweifeln, dass es die «Anderen» nicht begreifen. Wenn die Dinge derart klar zu sehen sind, wieso gelingt es dann nicht, andere davon zu überzeugen? Nicht wenige zogen sich zurück, recherchierten noch ausführlicher, fanden einen Hinweis nach dem anderen, dass die Welt und ihre Systeme ganz anders beschaffen sind, als es dem Normalbürger vorgegaukelt wird. Dabei musste jeder – wirklich jeder – für sich immer neu die Grenze dessen finden, was noch glaubhaft war und was nicht.

Wie viele Stunden, Tage, Monate verbrachte (und verbringt) ein durch diesen Prozess gegangener Mensch mit seinen Recherchen? Wie oft ist er in die Falle einer Theorie geraten, die sich im Nachhinein als erfunden herausgestellt hat? Wie viele Texte zu historischen Vorgängen, zu verborgenen Organisationen, zu Kindesmissbrauch, satanischen Riten oder Blutlinien wollen noch erforscht werden? Wann ist man zufrieden mit den teils radikalen Anpassungen seines eigenen Weltbildes? Wann darf man sich als «aufgewacht» bezeichnen?

Wie gelingt Verständigung?

Wenn ein Elektrotechnik Ingenieur einem Laien die Regelungstechnik erklärt, so wird er kaum auf großes Verständnis stoßen. Wenn ein «Master in Conspiracy Theory» einem Tagesschauseher die Welt erklärt, wie wahrscheinlich ist es, dass hier Verständnis entsteht? Wenn jemand, der in 30 telegram Kanälen ca. 500 Artikel zu Covid-Ursprung, mRNA, Lipidnanopartikel und Ct-Wert beim PCR Test gelesen hat, der Verkäuferin bei REWE klarmachen will, dass Masken keinen Nutzen haben: wie hoch ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass er Erfolg hat? Diese Beispiele sollen eines verdeutlichen: die Informationshintergründe sind inzwischen derart fundamental verschieden, dass kaum noch Verständigung gelingt. Der entscheidende Unterschied besteht darin, dass die Informationskompetenten beide Seiten der Medaille kennen, während der andere Teil der Bevölkerung nur die eine, die «offizielle» Seite kennt.

Was aber bewegt Menschen überhaupt dazu, immer tiefer zu recherchieren, um dabei das eigene Weltbild gezielt zu erweitern und anzupassen? Es ist – neben dem Wunsch nach mehr Gerechtigkeit – das Bedürfnis nach Sinnfindung in dieser Welt. Ein elementares Bedürfnis, das in der Rangliste unserer Motive sehr weit oben steht. Hierbei geht es nicht um den Lebenssinn – dazu kommen wir gleich – sondern um das Verständnis dessen, was uns als die «äußere Welt» präsentiert wird. Mit all ihren Verwerfungen, Ungerechtigkeiten, politischen Ideologien und so weiter. Denn es ist schließlich diese Welt, in der wir leben, in der wir uns zurechtfinden, in der wir unseren Lebensunterhalt verdienen müssen. Die spannende Frage ist also eher: Weshalb geben sich so viele mit der Oberfläche zufrieden?

Die Antwort ist erstaunlich einfach: aus Angst. Angst davor, das bisher als sicher geglaubte in Frage stellen zu müssen, den sicheren Boden des eigenen Weltbildes unter den Füßen zu verlieren. Deshalb stieg in den dunklen Covid-Jahren das Vertrauen in Politik und staatsnahe Medien massiv an. Denn wer mit einer – scheinbar – tödlichen Gefahr konfrontiert wird, der sucht in diesem Moment nicht nach neuen Informationsquellen, sondern bleibt bei dem, was man schon immer kannte – vor allem, wenn das auch die Mehrheit macht!

Das zweite Erwachen

Bei allem Bemühen, die Zusammenhänge dieser Welt zu verstehen, kommen viele an einen Punkt, an dem sie realisieren, dass sie erstens: Nie alles verstehen werden. Und zweitens: Dass es Wichtigeres gibt. Das mag überraschend klingen, aber genauso ist es. Das Leben selbst offenbart sich uns nicht am Bildschirm, nicht in Recherchen oder in immer weiterführenden Artikeln. Das Leben im Hier und Jetzt kann nur erfahren und gelebt werden. Das größte Hindernis dabei ist – unser Verstand. Also genau das «Organ», das uns immer weiter in die Tiefen der scheinbaren Realitätserkenntnis treibt ist zugleich verantwortlich dafür, dass wir uns vom Leben selbst entfernen. Welch merkwürdige Erkenntnis. Ist es überhaupt eine Erkenntnis oder nicht viel eher eine Behauptung? Genau an diesem Punkt geht es um ein zweites Erwachen! Nicht aus der polit-medialen Illusionsmatrix, sondern aus der Matrix unserer scheinbar rein materiellen Welt.

Ist dies eine Zwangsläufigkeit? Wohl kaum. Ist es notwendig? In gewisser Weise: ja. Denn nur der Abstand von dieser als ungerecht, grausam oder hoffnungslos empfundenen Welt befreit von Wut, Ohnmacht und Empörung. Im Artikel «Wachstum nach Innen» auf manova wird dieser Prozess ausführlicher beschrieben. Zitat:

«Heute leben wir zum ersten Mal in der Menschheitsgeschichte (!) in einer Epoche, in der es dem Einzelnen frei steht, seinen ganz eigenen Zugang zur Spiritualität zu suchen und zu finden. Es ist dies vielleicht die größte Herausforderung, der sich ein Mensch stellen kann!»

An diesem Punkt ist jeder auf sich selbst zurückgeworfen. Hier geht es nicht um Religionszugehörigkeit oder kirchliche Traditionen, sondern um authentische Erfahrungen.

Die Möglichkeit dieses zweiten «Erwachens», bringt ein Versprechen mit sich: wahrhafte Befreiung. Zum Beispiel von dem Wunsch, immer noch tiefer graben zu wollen. Oder stets andere überzeugen zu wollen. Oder sich überlegen zu fühlen. Es führt unweigerlich zu einer Relativierung: wem oder was gebe ich Bedeutung? Denn diese Freiheit kommt garantiert mit: die Freiheit, selbst Bedeutung verleihen zu können! Nicht mehr getrieben zu sein, viel öfter ein Wahl zu haben.

Sollte das wie ein Ausweichen oder gar Rückzug aus der Welt klingen, so wäre das ein Missverständnis. Es ist eine Veränderung des Standpunktes, des Fokus. Tatsächlich bringt es auch einen gewissen Abstand mit sich, zu dem was «da draußen» geschieht. Denn welche Erfahrungen der Einzelne auch selbst gemacht haben mag, wie auch immer er sie interpretiert: die Welt ist nicht mehr dieselbe.

Damit einher geht eine Veränderung der Gefühlswelt. Wo vorher vielfach Empörung, Ärger oder Wut vorherrschten kann mit dieser inneren Distanz vieles weniger emotional betrachtet werden. In der Dauerempörung liegt zwar einerseits Energie, um sich zu engagieren, zugleich liegt darin aber die große Gefahr, auszubrennen. Daniele Ganser, einer der ganz wichtigen Aufklärer unserer Zeit, bietet nicht umsonst seit Jahren Seminare zum Thema «Achtsamkeit» an. Dabei geht es vor allem um unsere innere Wahrnehmung, um einen Abstand zwischen «Ich» und meinem Gefühl oder Bedürfnis. Eine wichtige Voraussetzung, um aus der Spirale der Negativität zu entkommen. Denn diese Gefahr ist allgegenwärtig. Während Tagesschau & Co permanent Angst erzeugen vor Klima, Viren oder Putin, so wird in den «alternativen Medien» ähnliches geboten, nur mit anderem Vorzeichen. Die Bedrohung der mächtigen Organisationen WEF, UN, WHO, Nato, EU u. a., die Planung der Bargeldabschaffung, der digitalen ID, des persönlichen CO2-Budgets… Dies sind reale Vorhaben, keine Frage. Ob und wie sie jemals Realität werden kann aus heutiger Sicht jedoch niemand beantworten. Die Welt verändert sich derzeit schneller als seit Jahrzehnten. Und manche Sorgen bewahrheiten sich zum Glück nicht.

Der eigene Wirkungsbereich

Die ständige Beschäftigung mit diesen Bedrohungen bedroht vor allem eines: die eigene Lebensqualität. Wie kann man das Wahre, Schöne, Gute erkennen, wenn man sich tagein, tagaus mit Lüge, Verbrechern, Komplotten beschäftigt? Schwierig bis unmöglich.

«Ändere, was du ändern kannst, bleibe gelassen, bei allem was du nicht ändern kannst und lerne zeitlebens, das eine vom anderen zu unterscheiden».

Es ist eine der ältesten Lebensweisheiten, und doch ist sie so gültig wie eh und je. Die Herausforderung besteht gerade im Unterscheiden. Es geht um den eigenen Wirkungsbereich, denn dies ist der einzige Ort, wo tatsächlich etwas bewirkt werden kann. Wie groß der jeweils ist, das unterscheidet sich tatsächlich massiv. Zudem ist er nicht statisch. Es kann ein berechtigtes Ziel sein, diesen Bereich auszudehnen. Über Social Media, eigene Artikel, Diskussionsrunden, Demos, Events, Videos, was auch immer.

Natürlich geschieht das seit Jahren vielfach, einige Websites und Kanäle haben weit über 100.000 Leser oder Follower. Doch auch wenn die Reichweite größer wird, so steigt die Zufriedenheit nicht unbedingt in gleichem Maß. Denn stets muss man erkennen, dass die mit Milliarden finanzierten staatsnahen Medien beliebigen Schrott produzieren können und damit mehr Menschen erreichen, als die mit viel Herzblut erstellten eigenen Arbeiten. Und irgendwann stellt sich dann die Frage: «Was bringt das alles?» Oder, wie Gunnar Kaiser am Ende seiner bewundernswerten Tätigkeit: «Habe ich genug getan»?

Habe ich genug getan

Dies ist die Frage, auf die es keine Antwort gibt. Was wäre denn genug? Einen Menschen davor bewahrt zu haben, sich eine experimentelle Substanz injizieren zu lassen und damit mögliche Gesundheitsschäden zu erleiden? Wieso nicht. Hunderte Menschen zum Nachdenken gebracht, Tausenden Lesern ein Gefühl von «Ich-bin-nicht-allein» gegeben zu haben? Absolut! Hunderttausende Kommentare geben ein lebendiges Feedback, eine Bestätigung, dass man wertvolle Arbeit leistet. Es sind heute Millionen mehr, als zu Beginn der dunklen Pandemie-Jahre. Das ist der Wirkungskreis, den man sich erarbeitet hat, in dem ein Teil der Menschheitsfamilie eine geistige Heimat findet, fernab der permanenten Indoktrinationsversuche. Das ist es wert.

Und es gibt noch eine weitere positive Seite: man lernt Gleichgesinnte kennen und kann endlich über all das diskutieren, was man schon längst mit jemandem teilen wollte! Dies ist in keiner Weise sarkastisch gemeint, denn es ist elementar für jeden von uns, frei und offen sprechen zu können, ohne den Zensor im Kopf. Man lernt höchst interessante Menschen kennen - überall auf der Welt. Die man ohne Covid & Co niemals kennengelernt hätte. Vielleicht ergibt sich daraus das eine oder andere Projekt, das in die Zukunft weist? Auch das ist es wert.

Kläre die Menschen auf\ und Tyrannei und Unterdrückung \ von Körper und Geist werden verschwinden.\ Gerade so wie die bösen Geister\ wenn die Morgensonne ihre Strahlen sendet.

Thomas Jefferson

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

Nooit is mijn dans echter\ Dan net nadat het regende\ Want regen biedt een kans\ Om mijn gevoel te voelen

Zolang de regen spettert\ En ik mezelf graag zie\ Wordt er niets verplettert\ Ook al lijkt dat soms wel zo

Zodra de regen ophoudt\ En zich terugtrekt met de wolken\ Komt een nieuwe glans\ Voor het eerst mijn ogen binnen

Wat is het leven heerlijk\ Als ik eerlijk ben en voel\ Wat is het leven zacht\ En het brengt me naar mijn doel

Wat zou ik weten zonder regen\ Gewoon steeds evenveel\ Niet groeien is niet leven\ Daarom dans ik het liefst

Net na de echte regen

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

Liefde\ De samenkomst\ Van zien en zijn

Leven\ Het zijn en zien\ Een vorm gekregen

Sterven\ Een deur\ Die vrijheid geeft van vorm

En eeuwig leven\ Aan liefde

@ 2b998b04:86727e47

🌋 Ka ʻImi i ka Pono: Seeking What’s Right

A 7-Day Series on Sovereignty, Bitcoin, and the Soul of the Islands

> "Man is not free unless he wills to be free."\ > — Johann Gottlieb Fichte

Hawai‘i understands sovereignty. It always has.\ But it was taken — first with pen and politics, then with force and fiat.

Bitcoin offers something different:\ A way to reclaim sovereignty without violence.\ A tool for self-rule, not state rule.\ A system built not on empire, but on truth and time.

This week, I’ll be posting a 7-part series exploring this tension:\ Between the Hawai‘i that was, the system that is, and the future that might be — if we choose to build on bedrock instead of paper.

I don’t know if there’s a traditional Hawaiian word for a 7-day week — maybe there doesn’t need to be.\ Time moves differently on these islands.\ But for the next 7 days, I’ll mark each reflection as a kind of modern lā hoʻomanaʻo — a day of remembering, reckoning, and restoring.

This is personal. It’s philosophical. It’s also unfinished.

But that’s what sovereignty looks like:\ Not something given — something reclaimed.

Stay tuned. Stay akamai.\ 🟧\ — Andrew G. Stanton (aka akamaister)

@ 8bad92c3:ca714aa5

Another week of conversations with sharp minds thinking about Bitcoin's future and the broader economic landscape. Here are the three most compelling predictions from recent episodes.

Bitcoin Core Will Face a Major Governance Crisis Over Covenant Proposals in 2025 - James O'Beirne

James made a prediction that sent chills through the Bitcoin development community - he believes Bitcoin Core's current governance structure will reach a breaking point this year over covenant proposals like CTV. After working as a Core developer for nearly a decade, he's convinced that the organization's inability to make progress on scaling solutions will force alternative implementations.

His timeline is specific and urgent. James believes that if Core doesn't show "substantive review discussion about how we get this stuff in" within six months, credible developers will start building alternate activation clients. The technical argument is compelling: covenants like CheckTemplateVerify have been thoroughly reviewed for seven years, with a 5 BTC bounty (worth over $500,000) still unclaimed for finding material bugs.

The stakes couldn't be higher for Bitcoin's future. James noted that currently "just over two and a half percent of Americans would be able to, on a monthly basis, buy Bitcoin on an exchange, withdraw it to self-custody, and then maybe make a spend." Without scaling solutions, this number won't improve meaningfully. His prediction reflects growing frustration with Core's de facto monopoly over protocol development. "You simply can't ignore that there is a social reality to being in that world," he said, referring to the concentrated funding and decision-making power that has created what he sees as an unsustainable bottleneck for Bitcoin's evolution.

The U.S. Will See Widespread Energy Blackouts as AI Data Centers Strain the Grid - Anas Alhajji

Dr. Anas delivered a sobering prediction about America's energy infrastructure failing to keep pace with exploding AI demand. He expects we'll see significant blackouts in major cities within the next few years, with a particularly concerning scenario where AI facilities maintain power while residential areas go dark. "I will not be surprised if we end up with a situation like this in some states and some cities," he warned.

The mathematics behind his prediction are stark. Energy consumption is skyrocketing due to multiple factors: urbanization, AI data centers, and simple population growth. When migrants move from rural areas to U.S. cities, their energy consumption increases by 30-70 times. Meanwhile, AI facilities require massive baseload power that renewable sources simply cannot provide reliably.

The infrastructure problems run deeper than just generation capacity. Anas explained that America's electrical grid is aging and wasn't designed for this level of demand. Even worse, we lack the manufacturing capacity to produce enough natural gas turbines - the only realistic solution for reliable baseload power at scale. He predicts this will create a dangerous political dynamic where tech companies with guaranteed power contracts maintain operations during blackouts while regular citizens lose electricity. "We might see a backlash from the population, and we will see politicians basically being forced to fight them because of that."

AI Will Force Millennials Into Career Reinvention Within the Next Decade - Bram Kanstein

Bram made a stark prediction about the collision between artificial intelligence and millennial career paths. He believes that traditional knowledge-based jobs will become obsolete much faster than people expect, forcing an entire generation to completely rethink their working lives. "If you think you're going to work for the next 30 years of your life, think again," he warned during our conversation.

His argument centers on the rapid advancement of AI capabilities that he's witnessed firsthand. After spending just 12 hours working with AI tools, Bram claims he developed what could be "a top 10 cybersecurity invention" - despite having no cybersecurity background. This experience convinced him that jobs requiring strict knowledge and logic are already dead. The implications are massive for millennials who built their careers around expertise that AI can now replicate instantly.

The timing couldn't be worse, as Bram notes that this technological disruption is happening precisely when millennials need stable income to support families and prepare for retirement. His solution? Use Bitcoin to create the time and space needed to figure out how to function in an AI-dominated world. "You need to be aware of that. This is where it's going. So how do you protect yourself in an age of AI? Bitcoin is the perfect way to do that."

---

Blockspace conducts cutting-edge proprietary research for investors.

New Bitcoin Mining Pool Flips Industry Model: "Plebs Eat First" Could Threaten Corporate Dominance

Parasite Pool's radical zero-fee structure challenges mining giants by guaranteeing payouts to small miners while rewarding block finders with instant Bitcoin. It disrupts traditional mining with a hybrid payout model that gives block discoverers 1 BTC immediately, while distributing remaining rewards (~2.125 BTC plus fees) among all pool participants. This "plebs eat first" approach targets the 22% discount miners typically accept in exchange for guaranteed income.

Key innovations that matter:

• Lightning Network integration bypasses Bitcoin's 100-block maturity rule, delivering instant payouts to Lightning wallets
• 10-sat minimum withdrawal eliminates traditional barriers for small miners
• Block withholding protection through substantial honest-miner rewards reduces pool attacks

The pool currently commands just 5 PH/s (0.000006% of Bitcoin's network), meaning an expected 3+ years before hitting a block. But this represents a growing counterculture against Full Pay Per Share (FPPS) pools that dominate corporate mining.

Industry impact: If successful, Parasite Pool could attract commercial miners seeking downside protection while maintaining the lottery appeal that drives pleb participation. The model challenges the structural advantages of corporate mining pools.

What's next: ZK Shark plans to open-source components over time, with the current beta suggesting this is just "V1" of a broader disruption strategy.

Link to Full Article

Subscribe to them here (seriously, you should): https://newsletter.blockspacemedia.com/

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Ten31, the largest bitcoin-focused investor, has deployed $150M across 30+ companies through three funds. I am a Managing Partner at Ten31 and am very proud of the work we are doing. Learn more at ten31.vc/invest.

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Get this newsletter sent to your inbox daily: https://www.tftc.io/bitcoin-brief/

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@ 2cde0e02:180a96b9

墨 sumi ink & hanko red paste;

https://stacker.news/items/1004461

@ 79be667e:16f81798

I am here too\ In the same space like you

In the same situation I'm in\ It's a matter of positioning

I cannot leave this place I'm in\ It was brought about\ By what's been happening

So please don't look at me\ For what I can or cannot do for you\ But look at what is happening for me\ And what is happening for you

Let's communicate\ Not orchestrate

Because there's something I wish to do\ And there's a place I wish to go to

And I'm sure that there is too\ In your heart a fire\ Known by only you

So let us listen, look and see\ For what's true for you\ And what's true for me

That we may act upon what's here\ In order for us both to take a step\ In the direction we wish to steer

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

In een zee van mogelijkheden\ Kunnen we best veel tijd aan dromen besteden

Dromen is een universele taal\ Het wordt gedaan door ons allemaal

Het is het woord\ Dat deze gelijkheid de grond in boort

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Bitdeer Mined 196 Bitcoin Worth Over $21 Million In May

Bitdeer Technologies Group, a global leader in Bitcoin mining and infrastructure, has released its unaudited operational update for May 2025, highlighting robust expansion in hashrate capacity, ongoing infrastructure development, and an entrance into AI services. 

$BTDR May 2025 Production & Operations Highlights:

Increased self-mining hashrate to 13.6 EH/s with #SEALMINER deployments.
9 EH/s SEALMINER A2s have been manufactured, with 2.9 EH/s shipped to external customers, including 1.6 EH/s sold and shipped in May.
SEALMINER… pic.twitter.com/wX66hahd2F

— Bitdeer (@BitdeerOfficial) June 11, 2025

“In May 2025, we continued to deploy our SEALMINER mining rigs to our sites in Texas, U.S., Norway, and Bhutan, bringing Bitdeer’s self-mining hashrate to 13.6 EH/s at the end of the month of May,” said Matt Kong, Chief Business Officer at Bitdeer. “Looking forward, we remain on track to deliver over 40 EH/s of self-mining capacity by October 2025. Further, in May, we sold and shipped approximately 1.6 EH/s of our SEALMINER A2s to external customers. Our A3 Series will also be released and available for pre-order very soon”

Bitdeer self-mined 196 BTC in May—an 18.1% increase from April—due to the expanded deployment of SEALMINER A1 and A2 units. A total of 9 EH/s in SEALMINER A2s have been manufactured, with 2.9 EH/s shipped to customers and 1.6 EH/s sold in May alone. 

SEALMINER A3s, which are currently undergoing machine-level testing with positive results, will become available for pre-order in June. Additionally, development of the next-generation A4 SEALMINER chip is progressing, targeting an efficiency of 5 J/TH by Q4 2025.

Bitdeer also announced the launch of its AI Cloud service, powered by over 10 advanced large language models (LLMs), including LLaMA, DeepSeek, and Qwen variants. The infrastructure is designed for strong inference demand, representing a key move into the HPC/AI sector. 

Infrastructure developments include the ongoing energization of the 175 MW Tydal, Norway site—expected to be fully energized by June—and continued progress at the 221 MW Massillon, Ohio site, targeting completion in the second half of 2025. The company also energized 132 MW at its Jigmeling, Bhutan site, with another 368 MW coming online by Q3.

Financially, Bitdeer secured $50 million in cash proceeds during May after Tether exercised warrants from a 2024 private placement. 

With a global capacity of 2,690 MW and expanding operations across North America, Europe, and Asia, Bitdeer continues to assert its role as both a top-tier Bitcoin mining operator and a high-performance computing pioneer. 

This post Bitdeer Mined 196 Bitcoin Worth Over $21 Million In May first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.

@ 79be667e:16f81798

Kan jij zien, er is geen hemel\ Probeer het zelf, dan lukt het wel\ Geen hel staat ons te wachten\ Enkel sterren hangen ons boven het hoofd\ Kan jij zien, iedereen leeft voor dit moment

Kan jij zien, er zijn geen landen\ Het is niet moeilijk gewoon land te zien\ Niets om voor te moorden of te sterven\ Ook geloof wordt niet gezien\ Kan jij zien, het leven wordt geleefd door iedereen in vrede

Misschien zeg je, ik kijk niet naar jouw wereld\ Maar ik deel dit zicht met velen\ Moge ook jij zoals ons zien\ Wij kijken in de wereld en zien gewoon onszelf

Kan jij zien, er is geen bezit\ Ik vraag me af of jij dit kan\ Geen hebben of een nood\ In een samen-leving van mensen\ Kan jij zien, wij delen de wereld met elkaar

Misschien zeg je, ik kijk niet naar jouw wereld\ Maar ik deel dit zicht met velen\ Moge ook jij zoals ons zien\ Wij kijken in de wereld en zien gewoon onszelf

@ ea39b0da:29a1710d

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@ 7460b7fd:4fc4e74b

引言

AI 技术的突飞猛进正重塑国家间博弈的格局。在可预见的未来，人工智能（AI）将推动国家实力的重新构建。OpenAI CEO Sam Altman 指出，未来几年内人类可能迎来“温和奇点”，大量工作将由AI取代blog.samaltman.com；Anthropic（Claude AI背后公司）的CEO则警告，美国失业率可能因AI而飙升至两位数甚至约20%finance.sina.com.cn。这意味着 AI 带来的生产力飞跃伴随严峻的社会阵痛，各国政府必须争夺AI制高点以掌控未来竞争优势——正如俄罗斯总统普京早在2017年所言：“谁掌握了AI，谁就能统治世界”axios.com。因此，中美两国均将AI视作国家战略高地，在这一动态博弈中展开竞逐。

然而，在AI集中赋能国家力量的同时，比特币作为决胜性变量悄然登上舞台。美国政界出现一种耐人寻味的观点：AI代表的是一种自上而下、可能强化集权的“左侧力量”，而比特币等去中心化创新属于“右侧力量”，可以对AI形成制衡eweek.com。2025年5月，美国副总统J.D.万斯（Vance）在比特币大会上的讲话就体现了这一点——他将AI称为左倾（共产主义式）的技术力量，而加密货币尤其是比特币被视为具有保守自由色彩的技术，能够平衡AI可能带来的集中化趋势eweek.com。

基于此背景，我们假设本轮技术周期中，比特币发挥了类“数字黄金”的作用并直接取代传统黄金地位：价格飞涨至38万美元以上，大批企业（如MicroStrategy）将比特币纳入资产负债表，视其为主权资产锚定的新基准。这一趋势下，美国加速将比特币和稳定币整合进官方金融体系，构建“美元+比特币”双层货币架构，通过稳定币扩散美元影响力并冲击他国法币insurancekhabar.cominsurancekhabar.com；反之，中国依然全面拒绝比特币（自2021年以来严禁加密交易和挖矿reuters.com），继续大举增持黄金作为储备，并押注自身央行数字货币。在这样的博弈版图下，比特币可能成为影响胜负的关键变量。

本文将基于博弈论视角构建动态多方博弈模型，以刻画上述格局中的关键问题：(1) AI推动下国家力量如何重构？为何各国必须争夺AI制高点？(2) 当AI导致国家权力高度集中时，比特币如何提供不可征收的资产锚定来形成网络化的反平衡力量？(3) 中美两种AI体制的博弈结构如何决定了中国在拒绝比特币条件下可能陷入失败，而美国则可借助“比特币+发钱”等政策缓和AI失业冲击？(4) 个体如何凭借比特币对抗“AI威权”，促使世界走向网络化的稳定新结构，而非陷入新冷战？文章将分为引言、模型结构、均衡演化路径和结论四部分，为高认知读者提供一个严谨而富有现实感的战略研判框架。

模型结构

**参与方与策略定义：**本博弈模型涵盖三个主要行动方：（a）国家行为体（主要是中、美两国），（b）企业级主权力量（大型科技企业、持有比特币的大型公司等），以及（c）普通个体/公民与分布式网络。这是一个多维博弈：既包括AI竞赛这一技术军备维度，也包括以比特币为代表的新型金融资产维度，以及国家与个体间权力再平衡维度。

1. 国家（中、美）在AI领域的竞争：中美视AI为获取综合国力的战略高地，均有强烈动机投入巨资抢占领先位置。AI具有明显的赢家通吃效应，领先者可能在军事、经济、信息控制等方面获得压倒性优势axios.comeconomictimes.indiatimes.com。正如普京和Palantir公司CEO的判断，AI竞赛极可能“只有一个赢家”，要么美国胜出要么中国胜出axios.comeconomictimes.indiatimes.com。因此在博弈模型中，争夺AI主导权是双方的首要策略选择，每一方都不能放松——这类似于囚徒困境中的军备竞赛：任何一方停止努力都可能被另一方弯道超车从而“称霸世界”。

2. AI导致的权力集中与国家内部博弈：AI大规模替代人类劳动将显著提高生产率，同时造成结构性失业和财富向掌握AI技术的精英/资本高度集中blog.samaltman.comfinance.sina.com.cn。这会强化国家机器和大资本对社会的控制力（例如利用AI进行大规模监控、无人武器等），使国家权力相对个体更为集中。博弈模型中，各国政府面临内部稳定博弈：如何安抚因AI失业而不满的公众，同时继续巩固自身执政联盟。在民主国家（如美国），执政联盟规模大（需要赢得广大选民支持），政府倾向于提供公共物品或直接发放补贴以维持民众满意度blog.devtang.comblog.devtang.com。例如，Altman就预测未来社会因为AI冲击会出现“新政策创想”和渐进式的新社会契约blog.samaltman.com——这暗示可能出台普惠式补贴/UBI等政策，即所谓“发钱政策”，以缓和失业阵痛。而在威权体制（如中国），执政“致胜联盟”小而精英化blog.devtang.com，“核心支持者”的利益优先于大众利益blog.devtang.com。此时政府可能更倾向通过强化控制和定向利益输送维持稳定，而不是普惠发钱。一旦由于财政收入锐减或经济失速导致无法满足联盟利益，政权稳定将受到威胁blog.devtang.com。因此在模型中，不同体制下政府选择的内部应对策略截然不同：民主政权偏好通过财富再分配稳住大联盟，威权政权则偏好强化控制、保障小联盟利益。但AI带来的挑战规模空前，威权政府若无足够“弹药”（财政盈余或新型资产）去收买人心，就可能出现“致胜联盟”维持困难，即财政失衡引发政权不稳blog.devtang.com。

3. **货币金融维度的博弈：**这是模型的第二维——围绕全球储备资产和货币体系的新博弈。假设情景下，美国选择拥抱比特币和稳定币，将其纳入国家金融战略，而中国选择拒绝比特币坚守黄金。那么各自的策略及收益如下：

4. 美国策略：整合比特币+美元，推广稳定币。具体包括：允许并鼓励机构大量持有比特币，将其视为“数字黄金”储备；政府通过立法完善稳定币监管（如推出《GENIUS稳定币法案》等）以扩大美元稳定币的全球使用nevadacurrent.comnevadacurrent.com；甚至总统令建立国家比特币战略储备reuters.com。预期收益：一方面，比特币价格飙升带动美国持有者财富上升，MicroStrategy等公司已尝到甜头，资产负债表上囤积了价值400亿美金以上的比特币finance.sina.com.cn。华尔街分析师预测，比特币有望在未来十年最终取代黄金成为首要价值存储，finance.sina.com.cn甚至特朗普政府内部有人倡议卖出黄金储备改买比特币finance.sina.com.cn。另一方面，美元稳定币的大规模推广巩固了美元霸权：全球用户在链上广泛使用美元稳定币，相当于变相扩大美元的影响圈insurancekhabar.cominsurancekhabar.com。稳定币背后的储备主要是美国国债，这意味着稳定币越多，美国国债需求越大，从而压低美国融资成本insurancekhabar.cominsurancekhabar.com。有专家指出，美国大力推动加密货币和稳定币，是看中了它们可以成为经济武器：“稳定币将取代外国政府，成为美债最大买家”insurancekhabar.com。这为美国在AI时代实施大规模财政转移（如发放失业补贴、科技红利）提供了弹药：全球对美元资产的需求使美联储有更大余地印钞而不致本币崩溃。简言之，美国整合比特币+稳定币体系，可强化其金融主导权和财政灵活性，既能对外输出通胀、打击他国法币，又能对内从容应对AI失业的救济开支。

5. 中国策略：拒绝比特币，囤积黄金+推数字人民币。中国自2017-2021年对加密货币连出重拳（取缔交易所、禁止矿业、封锁境内交易）reuters.com，“宁要区块链，不要加密币”的政策表明其决心彻底隔绝比特币等去中心化货币。取而代之，中国持续加码黄金储备：据央行公告，中国已连续多月增持黄金，官方储备突破2000吨并仍在增长中（此举在地缘政治不确定性下尤为明显）。同时，中国大力推广央行数字货币（数字人民币），试图在国内实现对货币流通的全面可控，并谋求在国际贸易中推动人民币结算。预期影响：由于拒绝比特币，中国希望通过黄金提升本币信用，通过数字人民币强化资本管制和货币政策独立性。然而此策略的风险在于，若比特币在全球范围内取代黄金地位，中国将错失这一新型储备资产红利。当美国等推动比特币升值并将其金融化时，中国手中的黄金可能相对贬值或增长滞后。此外，稳定币对他国法币的冲击也波及人民币：虽然中国严格限制境内稳定币流通，但在跨境贸易和地下金融中，美元稳定币和比特币可能绕过管制，被企业和富裕阶层用于对冲人民币贬值或资本外逃。这相当于一个金融围堵：美国利用数字货币在全球吸纳流动性，削弱人民币在“一带一路”等领域的渗透。中国若坚持封锁比特币和民间加密交易，可能面临“两难”：要么严厉执法资本管制、牺牲部分经济自由和国际化进程；要么在全球数字经济中逐渐边缘化，被排除在新金融网络之外。总之，中国此策略短期内保障了国家对金融系统的控制权，但长期存在与世界脱节、储备资产单一（黄金）的隐患。

6. 个体与网络力量的崛起：第三个维度的博弈发生在国家 vs. 个体/分布式网络之间。AI和加密技术的发展，使得一批技术公司和个人获得了前所未有的自主力量——他们可以同时获取AI赋能和持有不可被国家任意剥夺的财富（比特币）。在模型中，这些分散的个人/企业构成一张跨国网络，他们的策略是利用技术和资本的流动性在全球范围内“择优而居”。如果某国政策有利（如美国欢迎加密创新、提供完善法律保障），人才和资金就会流向该国；反之，若政策高压（如中国禁止民间持币、严格审查AI应用），那么这些人才与资金可以通过数字途径逃逸（capital flight）。比特币在其中充当关键的**“退出票”（exit option）：它具有强抗审查和无法被没收的属性，保障了私人财产的自由转移nymag.com。“比特币无法被当局像没收黄金那样没收，无法像银行账户那样随意冻结，亦无法像法币那样被央行肆意贬值或被独裁者通过资本管制任意阻断”nymag.com。这一属性意味着个人第一次拥有了对抗国家财权的有效工具**。在博弈模型中，个体玩家的存在使国家行为体不再是单纯的统一行动者——国家内部会因为个人/企业的选择而出现博弈反馈：如果政策过于损害个人利益，他们有能力通过比特币等手段规避，从而削弱国家政策效果。这相当于在国家与国家的对局中，引入了一个“平衡器”——全球网络化个人势力。他们的目标并非争夺领土或传统主权，而是在寻求“个体主权”最大化：自由拥有财富、自由迁徙和创新、不受制于单一政府。这股力量在AI时代尤为重要，因为AI集中化倾向可以被这种分散网络部分抵消。例如，AI赋能下的个人黑客、科技创业者可以不依赖国家资本也开发出强大模型；若遭遇压制，他们可携带比特币远走他国继续创业。博弈的结果将取决于国家能否与这股网络力量共存，以及在多大程度上满足个人对自由与财富安全的需求。

均衡演化路径

基于上述模型结构，我们推演中美博弈及全球格局的动态演化路径。博弈分阶段进行，各阶段的策略互动将把体系推向不同的均衡态。

阶段1：AI军备竞赛与金融布局（现在至近期）。这一阶段中美都全力投入AI研发，以获取先发优势。双方持续加大对半导体、算法和人才的投入，并在国际规则上博弈（如出口管制、人才签证等）。博弈特征类似“军备竞赛”：任何单方面的松懈都会导致对手大幅领先，因此均衡结果是双方都倾向投入高强度资源，直至边际成本难以承受。与此同时，双方在金融领域开始布局各自阵地：美国在2024-2025年间通过了一系列亲加密政策——国会推进稳定币立法以合法化美元稳定币nevadacurrent.com，“数字资产市场结构”法案呼之欲出；行政层面，特朗普政府下令创建国家比特币储备，将执法机构此前持有或没收的比特币纳入战略储备reuters.com。这些举措表明美国意在将比特币作为国家金融武器的一部分来运用。相应地，比特币市场开始出现质变：主流机构投资者蜂拥而入，现货比特币ETF获得批准且规模激增，短短时间累积数千亿美元资金finance.sina.com.cn。比特币价格屡创新高并稳定在六位数美元以上，朝着20万、30万甚至更高的目标迈进finance.sina.com.cn。企业层面，MicroStrategy等公司持续买入，比特币在一些公司资产负债表中的地位堪比现金储备finance.sina.com.cn。美国的这一系列动作，使其在**“新数字货币冷战”**中占得先机：美元+比特币组合开始对全球产生强磁吸效应。

反观中国，同期则进入防御性应对状态。面对美国的金融攻势，中国加快了增储黄金和数字人民币试点的步伐，以图筑牢本国金融壁垒。中国人民银行连续数月购入黄金，insurancekhabar.com黄金储备量创历史新高；数字人民币从国内零售场景逐步推广到跨境贸易结算试验，通过区域性协议在部分周边国家开展本币结算合作，以降低对SWIFT美元体系的依赖。同时，中国严格执行对加密活动的严打，关停剩余的OTC交易渠道，宣示绝不让比特币等威胁人民币的货币主权。此阶段的结局是：两个平行的货币体系开始成形——一个是美元主导并吸纳比特币、稳定币的新体系；一个是人民币主导、辅之以黄金背书的封闭体系。

阶段2：AI红利与冲击释放（中期，未来5-10年）。随着AGI雏形和通用机器人逐步出现，人类劳动大规模被替代的效应开始凸显blog.samaltman.com。在美国，AI带来的效率红利令GDP和企业盈利大幅增长，但“技术失业”也引发社会不安。finance.sina.com.cn美国失业率假设攀升至15-20%，尤其白领和服务业岗位大量消失。幸运的是，由于美国及时进行了金融上的前瞻部署，此时财政手段具备充足火力来应对危机。一方面，比特币的暴涨和广泛持有为部分中产和企业带来了资产增值——例如，有投资比特币的家庭财富逆势上涨，部分失业者因持有数字资产而有缓冲储备。政府则可以选择性对这些资产增值征税或者发行主权数字货币购买比特币，实现财政增盈。另一方面，更重要的是**美联储和财政部得以大规模“直升机撒钱”**而不致引发债务危机，这是美元稳定币全球盛行带来的特权insurancekhabar.com。由于全球大量资金以购买美国国债作为稳定币储备，insurancekhabar.com美国政府可以在通胀可控范围内发行货币、扩大赤字以资助全民基本收入或就业项目。比特币在美国的官方接受度也使发钱政策更容易实施：政府完全可以将数字美元直接发送到每个公民的手机钱包（甚至部分用比特币形式发放科技红利）。公众虽然对AI取代工作有所焦虑，但在政府真金白银的兜底下，基本生活有保障，社会动荡被控制在最低程度。这印证了Altman的预言：AI时代世界将更富裕，因此能够“认真考虑以往不可能的新政策”blog.samaltman.com。美国通过比特币财富效应和激进财政政策，初步缓解了AI带来的内部矛盾，其民主制度下“大联盟”的稳定性得以维持。

与之对照，中国在中期则可能面临更严峻的平衡难题。AI同样推动了中国经济的效率，但也使大量制造业和服务业劳动力冗余化。由于缺乏比特币等新财富渠道，大部分民众财富并未随技术进步而增长，反而因失业潮而缩水。民间投资渠道狭窄（楼市低迷、股市震荡），社会的不满情绪上升。此时中国政府进退维谷：若执行大规模刺激或全民补贴，一方面没有储备的“数字资产红利”可用，只能动用巨额财政支出；但中国无法像美国那样让全球来分担本币超发的成本（人民币不是主要储备货币，超发会直接冲击汇率和通胀）。若强行印钞发钱，则可能引发人民币贬值和资本加速外逃，削弱执政信用。历史上来看，威权政府在财政吃紧时维系统治的成本急剧上升，很容易因为买不到执政联盟的忠诚而倒台blog.devtang.com。中国政府当然也深谙此理，因此更可能选择收紧财政、强化管控的方式渡过难关：例如动用警察力量维稳、加强舆论审查来减缓不满爆发。但这样的高压策略长期看难以为继，而且会进一步吓跑高端人才和资本。尤其在比特币价格连创新高的背景下，中国富裕阶层和企业势必更加渴望配置此类全球性资产来保值。一些人会通过地下渠道购入比特币和稳定币，然后设法转移资产出境（哪怕非法也在所不惜）reuters.comsciencedirect.com。这反过来又加剧了中国国内资本外流和财政紧张，形成负反馈。可以预见，如果中国仍拒绝比特币，其金融体系可能出现“致胜联盟”式失衡：政府要么牺牲外汇储备和黄金储备来稳住人民币、安抚利益集团，要么被迫局部放开对加密资产的管制以引回资金，无论哪种都意味着其此前的强硬策略难以持续。

阶段3：博弈格局转变与网络化均衡（远期，10年及以后）。经历中期震荡后，全球博弈格局将出现质变，进入新的均衡态。基于前述趋势，可以预见两种截然不同的结局：

• **美国阵营的胜出与中国策略调整：**如果美国在AI和金融两条战线上都占据了优势，那么远期均衡将体现为美国引领的“新技术-金融秩序”。届时比特币可能已稳固地成为全球储备资产的一极（类似数字黄金），各国央行和主权基金纷纷将其纳入资产配置。美元则通过稳定币牢牢占据全球结算和流动性中介地位。在AI方面，美国凭借开放创新环境汇聚了全球顶尖人才，实现技术持续领先。反观中国，若在中期尝到了拒绝比特币的苦果（经济停滞、财政吃紧、人才外逃），理性的策略调整将是不得不转向美国模式，以免彻底边缘化。这可能包括：逐步放松对加密资产的管制，甚至尝试推出国家主导的加密货币ETF，引导国有机构低调持有比特币以分享其增值；在外交上寻求加入由美国主导的数字货币国际框架，避免本国企业被排除在新贸易结算体系外。此外，中国会继续依靠其黄金储备试图为人民币背书，但如果比特币市值远超黄金且更受年轻一代青睐，黄金的锚定作用将大打折扣。可以说，中国此时面临类似19世纪末“银本位帝国”的困境——清朝因坚守白银而被新兴的金本位体系边缘化insurancekhabar.com；21世纪的中国若固守黄金标准而忽视比特币潮流，恐重蹈历史覆辙。有识之士将呼吁“中国不能错失数字黄金机遇”，倒逼政策松动。最终的均衡可能是：美国及其盟友掌握了AI与金融话语权，而中国被迫加入由比特币和美元构成的新体系，放弃之前的强硬抵制立场。这一结果虽非中国最初意愿，但总比被彻底孤立要好，犹如冷战后期苏联被迫融入布雷顿森林体系一样，是一种策略收缩下的妥协均衡。

• 网络化多中心格局的形成：无论中美博弈如何，此阶段一个更深刻的趋势是全球网络化权力结构的浮现。随着比特币深入人心和应用普及，每个个人和企业都相当于握有自己的“微型主权财富”。正如《主权个体》一书预言的那样，信息时代将削弱民族国家发动战争和征税的能力，取而代之的是个人在全球范围内自由组合、以市场方式选择治理的时代sites.northwestern.edu。当比特币成为“无法征收的资产”标配后，各国政府要汲取民财将更为困难，战争筹资也不再容易sites.northwestern.edu。这是因为：一旦某国大举加税或准备战时管制，资本和人才可以更快捷地逃往别处，政府很难像过去那样通过强制手段动员全国资源。一些论者甚至指出，“在一个基于比特币的社会里，政府若想发动战争，可能不得不向公民众筹军费”reddit.com——这无疑极大提高了发动战争的政治难度。在AI高度发达且武器智能化的背景下，这种网络化制衡力量尤为宝贵，它防止了超级大国因为掌控AI利器而为所欲为。举例来说，如果没有个人财产自由这一“安全阀”，那么拥有强大AI武器和监控系统的国家很可能毫无顾忌地倾压式统治甚至对外侵略；但有了比特币，精英和企业可以用脚投票，拒绝配合极权和战争企图——正如有人所说的，“你无法征税/掠夺那些你无法抓住的人”newstatesman.com。最终，全球可能形成一种“冷战阻止机制”：各国不敢轻易走向新冷战或热战，因为稍有风吹草动，资金和人才就会通过去中心网络逃逸，使战争难以为继。

因此，在远期均衡下，我们将看到国家、企业和个人形成一个互动博弈的多中心体系：国家不再拥有对经济和技术的单方面支配，个人与企业通过持有数字资产和掌握AI技术获得了谈判筹码，各方被迫合作共生而非你死我活。这并非传统意义上的“权力均衡”，而更像是一种动态的网络均衡——权力在不同层级和节点上分散，任何一方试图完全主导都会引发系统中其他节点的自动调节与抵制，最终回归稳态。

结论

综上所述，AI时代的中美博弈结构展现出“技术军备竞赛+金融货币博弈+内部治理较量”三位一体的格局。美国通过在AI和比特币两方面同时发力，形成“左手AI、右手比特币”的双拳策略，既争取了AI制高点，又利用比特币这一“不受征服的资产”稳固了内部与外部的平衡nymag.com。反观中国，倘若固守传统思维拒绝比特币，则在AI导致集权加深的同时失去了由比特币提供的网络化反平衡力量，极可能重现“致胜联盟”财政失衡和战略被动的局面。正如博弈模型分析所示，中国若不及时调整，将因无法有效吸纳AI红利、又无法借助新金融工具缓冲冲击，而陷入内外交困的困境；相反，美国通过比特币+发钱政策有望缓解技术失业压力，在维护社会稳定的同时进一步增强对外金融攻势，实现以较小代价度过转型阵痛。

更深一层的洞见在于：比特币作为“无法征收的资产”（unconfiscatable asset），为无数个人和企业提供了在AI强权面前自我保护和抗衡的手段nymag.com。它让个体可以自由掌控自己创造的AI收益和财富，不必担心随时被征用或剥夺，从而在国家与国家的博弈中引入了一个独立稳定器。这个稳定器确保了国家不敢轻启战争或极端压榨，否则公民的财富和才能将自动逃逸，令其损失巨大。这种机制有望阻止人类社会滑入新一轮两极对抗或热战冲突，因为权力过度集中将引发去中心网络的本能反制。取而代之，人类可能走向一种“网络化稳定结构”：在这个结构中，AI带来的繁荣由各国共享，但没有任何一方能垄断；比特币作为全球共同的价值锚和信任媒介，保障了个人基本财产权，从而软化了国家机器的锋芒。

对于高认知的决策者而言，这一博弈分析传递出明确的战略启示：拥抱比特币等去中心化创新，实际上是在为本国社会安装安全阀，避免因AI高度集中而产生体制性风险；同时，这也是在国际博弈中抢占未来金融体系的话语权。在AI与国家力量此消彼长的新时代，比特币扮演了关键的“平衡木”角色：它连接着国家与国家、国家与个人，确保没有人可以轻易掀翻整艘人类文明之舟。唯有善用这一新型稳定器，引导世界朝开放协作而非封闭对立演化，我们才能把握AI奇点带来的机遇，避免重蹈冷战或冲突的历史覆辙。人类社会或许将凭借这种网络化的平衡，在巨变中找到新的稳定与新秩序sites.northwestern.edu——在AI的洪流中乘风破浪，而非沉舟觅踪。

参考资料：

1. Sam Altman，《温和奇点》博文对AI发展的展望blog.samaltman.com

2. Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei，关于AI导致失业的警告finance.sina.com.cn

3. J.D. Vance 副总统在Bitcoin 2025大会讲话摘要，对AI和比特币的定位eweek.comreuters.com

4. Bernstein投行报告：比特币取代黄金的十年预测，MicroStrategy持币策略等finance.sina.com.cnfinance.sina.com.cn

5. Nevada Current对Bitcoin大会的报道：稳定币立法（GENIUS法案）进展nevadacurrent.comnevadacurrent.com

6. Reuters：特朗普行政令建立国家比特币储备、美国拥抱比特币对抗中国reuters.comreuters.com

7. Insurance Khabar：Deepak Garg 关于美中金融战与稳定币武器化的分析insurancekhabar.cominsurancekhabar.com

8. 《独裁者手册》理论：致胜联盟与政权稳定的关系blog.devtang.com

9. New York Magazine：《比特币无法被没收，不能冻结，不能由央行贬值》nymag.com

10. 《主权个体》观点：信息技术削弱国家征税和战争能力sites.northwestern.edu

@ 7f6db517:a4931eda

The former seems to have found solid product market fit. Expect significant volume, adoption, and usage going forward.

The latter's future remains to be seen. Dependence on Tor, which has had massive reliability issues, and lack of strong privacy guarantees put it at risk.

— ODELL (@ODELL) October 27, 2022

The Basics

• Lightning is a protocol that enables cheap and fast native bitcoin transactions.
• At the core of the protocol is the ability for bitcoin users to create a payment channel with another user.
• These payment channels enable users to make many bitcoin transactions between each other with only two on-chain bitcoin transactions: the channel open transaction and the channel close transaction.
• Essentially lightning is a protocol for interoperable batched bitcoin transactions.
• It is expected that on chain bitcoin transaction fees will increase with adoption and the ability to easily batch transactions will save users significant money.
• As these lightning transactions are processed, liquidity flows from one side of a channel to the other side, on chain transactions are signed by both parties but not broadcasted to update this balance.
• Lightning is designed to be trust minimized, either party in a payment channel can close the channel at any time and their bitcoin will be settled on chain without trusting the other party.

There is no 'Lightning Network'

• Many people refer to the aggregate of all lightning channels as 'The Lightning Network' but this is a false premise.
• There are many lightning channels between many different users and funds can flow across interconnected channels as long as there is a route through peers.
• If a lightning transaction requires multiple hops it will flow through multiple interconnected channels, adjusting the balance of all channels along the route, and paying lightning transaction fees that are set by each node on the route.

Example: You have a channel with Bob. Bob has a channel with Charlie. You can pay Charlie through your channel with Bob and Bob's channel with User C.

• As a result, it is not guaranteed that every lightning user can pay every other lightning user, they must have a route of interconnected channels between sender and receiver.

Lightning in Practice

• Lightning has already found product market fit and usage as an interconnected payment protocol between large professional custodians.
• They are able to easily manage channels and liquidity between each other without trust using this interoperable protocol.
• Lightning payments between large custodians are fast and easy. End users do not have to run their own node or manage their channels and liquidity. These payments rarely fail due to professional management of custodial nodes.
• The tradeoff is one inherent to custodians and other trusted third parties. Custodial wallets can steal funds and compromise user privacy.

Sovereign Lightning

• Trusted third parties are security holes.
• Users must run their own node and manage their own channels in order to use lightning without trusting a third party. This remains the single largest friction point for sovereign lightning usage: the mental burden of actively running a lightning node and associated liquidity management.
• Bitcoin development prioritizes node accessibility so cost to self host your own node is low but if a node is run at home or office, Tor or a VPN is recommended to mask your IP address: otherwise it is visible to the entire network and represents a privacy risk.
• This privacy risk is heightened due to the potential for certain governments to go after sovereign lightning users and compel them to shutdown their nodes. If their IP Address is exposed they are easier to target.
• Fortunately the tools to run and manage nodes continue to get easier but it is important to understand that this will always be a friction point when compared to custodial services.

The Potential Fracture of Lightning

• Any lightning user can choose which users are allowed to open channels with them.
• One potential is that professional custodians only peer with other professional custodians.
• We already see nodes like those run by CashApp only have channels open with other regulated counterparties. This could be due to performance goals, liability reduction, or regulatory pressure.

• Fortunately some of their peers are connected to non-regulated parties so payments to and from sovereign lightning users are still successfully processed by CashApp but this may not always be the case going forward.

Summary

• Many people refer to the aggregate of all lightning channels as 'The Lightning Network' but this is a false premise. There is no singular 'Lightning Network' but rather many payment channels between distinct peers, some connected with each other and some not.
• Lightning as an interoperable payment protocol between professional custodians seems to have found solid product market fit. Expect significant volume, adoption, and usage going forward.
• Lightning as a robust sovereign payment protocol has yet to be battle tested. Heavy reliance on Tor, which has had massive reliability issues, the friction of active liquidity management, significant on chain fee burden for small amounts, interactivity constraints on mobile, and lack of strong privacy guarantees put it at risk.

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If you have never used lightning before, use this guide to get started on your phone.

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If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.

@ ea39b0da:29a1710d

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@ 5627e59c:d484729e

Love, I thank you for your warmth\ Ever lifting

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May I be me\ And you be you

In a perfect harmony\ Embracing all life makes us grow through

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

Machtig water\ Door velen bemind

Element van beweging\ Vormgever aan land\ Bondgenoot van wind

Voorkomer van comfort\ Toelater van rust

Machtig water\ Waar ik ook ga\ Ik weet dat jij de grond onder mijn voeten kust

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Bitcoin is not for everyone but open for everyone. As a teenager, Bitcoin has already seen massive sprout growth surpassing Amazon's market value, becoming the fifth most valuable asset in the world and aiming to surpass gold that has been around us for the last 5,000 years. According to coinworld, Bitcoin trails only behind Apple, Microsoft, NVIDIA and ofcourse the shinny yellow metal of antiquity, gold in terms of market capitalization. Its clear to see the hormones are firing. Institutional adoption, regulation clarity, geopolitics, inflation are all fueling speedy growth and adoption for Bitcoin around the world.

As we witness this unprecedented speedy growth of Bitcoin, the decentralized network of consensus, nodes and mining power, toes are reaching the ceiling of the shoe. Most countries are on a Bitcoin rush hour either making Bitcoin legel tender, crafting regulatory policies, establishing strategic reserves, Bitcoin ETFs, Bitcoin educational programs and developing smart contracts. Bitcoin is indeed decentralized, dusting off the old double spending centralized ledger, transfoming the way we appoach finance.

In the midst of all this Bitcoin fuss, one may wonder, what's Malawi's position on Bitcoin? Where does Malawi place Bitcoin? What's the state of affairs for Bitcoin and Crypto currencies in Malawi? Is Malawi noticing the trends, is the sky any orange? Are there any Bitcoiners, miners, nodes? Can Malawi place itself in a position to benefit from this Bitcoin phenomenon? Do we have any free energy resources to utilize for Bitcoin mining, policy framework, regulation and make it actually legal tender? Is there even any interest in Bitcoin at all in Malawi?.

The state of affairs for Bitcoin in Malawi is as bright and promising however, its going to take a shovel, digging and getting dirty. In a nutshell, lets have a litmus test, exploring a brief historical background of Bitcoin in Malawi, Bitcoinboma organization & education, Women of Satoshi initiative & ofcourse, Malawi catch Bitcoin if you can. There maybe other unofficial record to the specific historical background of Bitcoin and Crypto currencies in Malawi that as of the time of writing are missed. Reach out, feed me in comments or reach out via my Twitter (X) handle @pacharo_w

1. Historical background of Bitcoin As Bitcoin is heading for the economic throne, the Malawian Kwacha continues to dwindle down the tunnel. Purchasing power seems to slip and fall on the muddy economic road to a point where a basic necessity, sugar has hit a record high price of MWK 5,000.00. The prices are the sponge soaking all the excess printing of the currency generated by commercial banks and our central bank which by the way is the guardan of the Malawian kwacha. Speaking of the lender of last resort, a report by Miriam Banire on Crypto adoption around the world: Malawi stated Reserve Bank made it clear that cryptocurrencies are not considered legal tender and their use remains illegal.

The report further highlighted by stating, " RBM bears the exclusive mandate to issue legal tender, thus, bank notes and coins in Malawi, and to date, has not issued any form of cryptocurrency. The general public is encouraged to fully understand and be aware of the risks associated with the use of cryptocurrencies and similar online trading schemes, which include money laundering, vulnerability to cybercrimes, hacking and other fraudulent activities.” A statement from the former Governor of RBM, Dr. Dalitso Kabambe.

In the light of this, 2022 seems to be the official opening entry of Bitcoin and all crypto currency discussions in Malawi. Bitcoin was treated as just any other cryptocurrency and assumably needing a more careful approach to it. A strong emphasis that the RBM bears exclusive rights to issue legal tender currency in form of notes and coins drew a clear line, underlining risks such as fraudulent schemes, money laundering and cybercrimes if not monitored or regulated by the central bank.

In 2023, the same report stated that RBM was aware of cryptocurrency trade activities and there was mounting pressure from organizations such as ICT Association of Malawi as well as Economic Association of Malawi on formulating a regulatory policy and giving a clear stand on legal status for cryptocurrencies. The secretary of RBM and general counsel mentioned in further development in the report of engaging verious stakeholders in crypto regulation and having a neutral stand.

This implies that the governments position is still not yet clear and not known on where it stands on all this. However, they are aware and their attention is undivided.

Malawi is also a member of the World Economic Forum. An international independent egency that aims at improving the state of the world by involving the business communities, governments and institutions in crafting policies, guidelines and really put in effect agendas seeming fiting for a cause. Does it sound like Malawi perhaps may have been trying to explore its first Central Banking Digital currency?

WEF clearly advocates for a cashless society and has pushed for central banks in its membership to craft a Central Banking Digital Currency. As word on the corner travels so fast, Malawi seems to have called for consultations for a CBDC which its prototype patent is called the 'e-kwacha.' A digital currency that will be issued by the state, perhaps that will also go side to side with the physical notes of the Kwacha.

Progress of this project has so far went under the sheets as not much has been heard or speculated but we have our three eyes and three ears open to see the unfoldings of any development.

BITCOINBOMA, EDUCATION AND WOMEN OF SATOSHI

All roads to Bitcoinboma began in 2022, when Malawi including the rest of the world were recovering from aftermath of COVID-19 pandemic which was declared by World Health Organization. By this time a lot of business activities had slowed down, most private sector had been on a lock down and others working remotely.

Demand and supply command lines had drastically dropped. Masks had to be worn in all public places and atmosphere was utterly dry. Physical meetings seemed a challenge, gathering as crowd suddenly was a taboo but as history continually speaks and repeats, such times on the opposite side, opportunites loom for light. Two gentlemen, Nick Twayman and Grant Gombwa were actively sparkling Bitcoin conversations, deliberating Bitcoin and its state in Malawi. They started hosting space talks, engaging with fellow bitcoiners and audiences across the world via on twitter (X).

As if they were men on a mission to the Creature of the Jerky Island to draft a BitcoinBoma bill, it is believed that in 2023, August was the first time a Bitcoin physical Meet up happened in Malawi, right in the heart of the capital city at MHub Area 15, Lilongwe. There were fifteen participants and amongst many things they shared ideas of Bitcoin, state of legality, education and awareness as well as its adoption in Malawi. The aftermath of this meeting encouraged Grant and Nick to develop an idea of an organization. Interestingly, it was the wife of Nick that came up with the name "BitcoinBoma." Perfectly fitting, the name "Boma" stands for "place where people live" also it stands for " Government." Bitcoin being for the people, serves the society, a universal digital currency, the name absolutely placed everything in order fitting the context and representation.

BitcoinBoma was born in August, 2023 and made its first steps by intergrating the themes of social interaction, environmental awareness and economic enpowerment of Malawians. This organization advocates for the use case of Bitcoin as a legal tender currency, offering an altenative along side the Kwacha, seeking framework and acceptance as means of payment for goods and services. Bitcoin finally had a home in Malawi, BitcoinBoma.

Later, Ian Foster, a chartered accountant, economist, business analyst and ofcourse a Bitcoin maxi teamed up with the cofounders of BitcoinBoma and went together for a Bitcoin voyage conference in South Africa towards the end of 2023. After this conference, he later joined Bitcoinboma & also highlited his personal efforts of engaging Malawi government on the Bitcoin course which amongst other things included negotiating with the government of Malawi, through the Ministry of energy resources and Mining. He proposed an opportunity to utilize the water energy which powers the electric hydro-power plant grid that powers and generates electricity for Malawi. In the proposal, the abstract was utilizing and boostering efficiency of generating electricity through Bitcoin mining.

Later in May, 2024 BitcoinBoma collaborated with Trezor academy to host their first Bitcoin Education seminar and it happened in the month of July, 2024. They were 12 participants who completed a 3 day seminar series, scooping certificates of attendance, crafting cyberhornets of Bitcoin to preach the gospel of Bitcoin to the masses. These efforts proved a success and opened the door of an opportunity to embark on the first BitcoinBoma Diploma education journey. Towards the year end of 2024, BitcoinbBoma successfully launched the Bitcoin Diploma education campaign and registered its first Cohort students to embark on an education program.

November 16th, 2024 was a special day. It was packed like its a chrismas day where all relatives are sitting and laughing on a round table. BitcoinBoma hosted a Bitcoin 101 session with a special guest who later has become an incredible pillar of strength in BitcoinBoma. Talking of electrical Engeenier a Bitcoin powerhouse, vastly experienced, some grey hair we were privileged to meet and have Olev Maimets, all the way from Canada. He detailed the significance of Bitcoin, why Bitcoin and how his life has changed by embarking on Bitcoin. To this day, Olev is an anchor, a tutor, an aid and alley of BitcoinBoma.

Later, Ian travelled to El- Salvador, where his mission was to raise awareness and apply for BitcoinBoma to be a Mi Primer Bitcoin node and on 5th January, 2025 Bitcoinboma took its first step embarking on its first education program.

On the February 12, 2025 BitcoinBoma received an upvote representation of 56 votes to become a light node.

As history of BitcoinBoma continued to unfold, a new alley emerged from the shores of the fresh waters of Malawi. A briliant, creative and passionate Doctor and a junior Bitcoin protocal developer who cofounded a cooperative initiative called Women of Satoshi.

WOMEN OF SATOSHI This young ambitious professional doctor and junior Bitcoin developer by the name of Yankho Ngoleka took advantage of his challenging profession and made it to an opportunity by concretrating on how marginalized and vulnerable young women and women can build from scratch using an idea known as 'Sats Mkhonde.' The idea loiters a common traditional women's' Bank m'mKhonde, where women can form a cooperative and loan each other currency to support their existing business and pay it back after a given period of time for others to access. ' The name is an imagery that means, ' the Bank is within the veranda' so to say, ' the Bank is close to you.'

Earlier, it was highlighted how small scale businesses are really the skeleton of Malawi's economy. One of their major draw back is how FIAT currencies wash off the purchasing power for their gains in the small businesses they run. In the long run if these business erode with hyperinflation, then chances are they wont survive. Absence of these businesses means a cut in business supply chains, collapse of production and destruction of a family unit.

How can these businesses be recession proof? Women of Satoshi has a unique answer. If these businesses have access and adopt Bitcoin as altenative digital currency portfolio then it stretches the life span of their investment and savings. Bitcoin is a store of value and fares well with time. Women of Satoshi aims to educate and let women pioner 'Sats Mkhonde' initiative which will be a cataylst in creating a Bitcoin circular economy. As BitcoinBitcoinboma picked its perks, it partnered together with Women of satoshi and shared together the vision of awareness and education for Bitcoin in Malawi. In the months of March- April of 2025, BitcoinBoma and Women of Satoshi collaborated with Trezor Academy for a Bitcoin seminar at MUBAS ( Malawi University of Business Applied Science) which was a success.

MALAWI CATCH BITCOIN IF YOU CAN

When there's a dead rat in the ceiling, no matter how you clean the house, the cent of it will keep you outside the house. When you have a currency plundered by catastrophic loss of purchasing power, it will keep you out of reach for prosperity.

There is a lot of mirage on the state of affairs of the Kwacha. It seems the more we use it as a medium of exchange and store of value, the greater it plunges. The rate of its velocity seems to concur to the speed of light and prices are soaring to the point they can break the dome. The underwhelming performance of the Kwacha places every citizen on blink of loss, financial paralysis, uncertainty and instability of the nation.

There are a lot of schools of thoughts, we have brilliant economists, well grounded institutions that act as an eye and they have solid data with all the charts in place. As of writing, trading economists, reports an exchange rate rise of MWK 1,734/1 USD recording a 0.02% increase as of 10th June, 2025. In contrast, the Kwacha performed lower last month giving a 0.02% & a lower turnover of 0.03% from the previous twelve months check

On the opposite side, the reality speaks a different language. Regardless of the slight gain, prices of commodities which are an indicator to the purchasing power of the currency continue to climb up. Every commodity seems to react with any speculation, rumor mill, geopolitics and ofcourse trends with the US Dollar, cases of both white market (Bank rate) & black market(Unregulated US Dollar market rate).

Fuel availability is also one catalyst that sets the wildest fires of price hikes. Just a slight hint of fuel shortage, sets ablaze prices of every commodity leaving a wallet only ashes and dust. A fuel shortage can get the price of fuel at MWK 10,000 or above per litre as compared to the official pump price of MWK 2,530 for Petrol and MWK 2,734 for diseal as of writing. According to statista, Malawi has one of the highest, in fact the first country on the list for the highest gasoline prices.

Confidence & purchasing power of the Kwacha is extremely reliant towards availability of US Dollar. What institutions of trust miss as guardians of the Kwacha is we legitimize the Kwacha to another collapsing currency, the US dollar. The dollar standard since 1971 has never mantained any purchasing power. It has in fact failed to keep its grip as a store of value as time can attest its stability and strength. This is the case with all FIAT currencies throughout history. Price inflation of commodities has always signalled a weak currency due to over excessive printing, government deficit spending for social programs, ever ending construction works, social cash transfers amongst other things. Whenever, the money supply is tampered with, a loss in the purchasing power is inevitable. The institutions we trust to save guard the purchasing power of the currency fail to uphold the principle and never mention or question the money supply problem. They chose shortcuts that bypass the natural principles of free markets.

This is like keeping a dead rat in a home, if you can't locate it, the smell will choke the nostrils.If we are to reverse the situation, we need to fix our home by addressing the problem of this dead rat. A deep search, proper cleaning utensils and some odor deodorant should aid the cleaning process. Malawi should properly position itself on the stand of legalizing use of Bitcoin and handling FIAT currencies. The fate of the Malawian Kwacha is sealed and will continue to dwindle, losing its purchasing power as currency supply is never ending always fuelled by excessive spending and debt by the governmentt. This where Malawi must Catch Bitcoin if it can.

Loss of purchasing power and currency debasements are an ever ending circus. Excessive spending is a key feature for governments and when future prosperity is spent presently disasters looming in the future are always unavoidable. So how can Malawi avoid such catastrophes?

Allowing Bitcoin side with the Malawian Kwacha, it can combat forex challenges. Bitcoin doesn't have an exchange rate. It is 'the money itself.' It has a use case backed by computational power, network and cryptographic intergrated security. Nations can use Bitcoin to exchange value and communicate bilateral agreements without holding each others currencies to facilitate trade. There's no risking sabotaging the whole nation using primarily one instrument and medium of exchange. Bitcoin can allow Malawi to engage and exchange value, talents, resources and boom emerging markets with Bitcoin provided a framework is put in place to support Bitcoin. Using Bitcoin, will bypass almost all barriers to access international goods as well as export locally made goods to other countries.

Again, Bitcoin offers an altenative to the currency. No forex? No currency printer? Well, no problem, we have a stable altenative that can be used and still have access to international market. The 'one option only' conveys to limitation. Malawi markets are very vibrant, possibilities are limitless. We have producers who produce more and consume less. The pieces all collapse if there's one firm point holding the entire financial infrastructure. So if the dollar collapses, the Kwacha must follow trend. As all FIAT are nothing but IOUs, backed by the faith, trust and realiance of government. When the government seizures, the currency will follow too. Alternatively, this is not the case with Bitcoin. Built in scarcity and difficulty adjustment in its release, it keeps its inflation in check, having an equilibrium supply and creating more demand that brings about stability in the free market.

Truth is majority of the citizens panic and worry of faith in the Malawian kwacha. Everyone complains of high costs of living, that the wage isn't as good and fails to uphold coverage for a family. Adding a side hustle, two or three jobs and shifts, lending capital to farm all as a thousand ways to invade inflation. As prices will forever continue to sore, the market also keeps an eye and Grasham's Law always takes effect. (Grashams Law, Bad money drives out good money). The MWK 20.00 Malawian currency note could buy some candy back in the days. If we stretch this further it was a wage in the 1930''s to 60's. Today a MWK 20 note barely affords to make any purchase. At face value its useless on market, just a paper and a number on it. Some merchants don't accept it, being the weakest link and can't really purchase anything of value although it still has legal status and backed by government. The government through Reserve Bank of Malawi cautioned its citizenry that the MWK 20 note is still legal tender and must be accepted and used and warned those merchants refusing may face the law.

Well i hope i won't face the law with this.

Bitcoin may be the answer to questions majority of small scale businesses have who, constantly question legitimacy and fragility of the Kwacha. Price shocks ultimately dilute the little gains these businesses make, sending them back to the drawing board with really no insurance, surplus capital or compensation for the flooding Kwacha. Inflation of Kwacha undermines the capital power of these businesses and yet they are the skeleton that hold the muscle of the economy. Many of these are local vendors who tirelessly roam around in the urban city and rural areas, small shops also called 'Okala' who at many times order goods from other retail and wholesaler shops. When price shocks happen, their tables scatter and really have no choice but to also raise their prices. It gets to the point that at times one may not know how much they are they going sell their goods or what price is one going to buy.

On the other hand, Bitcoin which has proven time and again to be stable could protect, insure these businesses against these catastrophes. The deflationary measure can help a portion of their business capital be insured in the form of savings.

Bitcoin doesn't have a price and can't be measured to a collapsing currency to determine its value. The underlining statement is 1 Satoshi will always equal to 1 Satoshi, 1 BTC will always equal to 1 BTC. A digital currency with such a store of value feature in its feathers can really be an altenative, a reliable economic container, storing value for a really long time and can safely land any small business enterprise on a flying wheel.

So whats next... Let me wrap up by sharing an amazing experience i had with the students i teach at my school. Am huge fan of football & its encouraging to see young girls play soccer. At my school, on this particular day, i had fun seeing and cheering them play for a prize and they absolutely went nuts and loved it.

I offered them MWK 10,000 prize, about 5,280 Sats, $5.77 as of writing & the winners took it all. I know one day they will get to understand Bitcoin and why, they will also accept Bitcoin as payment.

One day they will have their football kits labelled Bitcoin and own Bitcoin branded football boots and balls. If you think this is a great idea, share, express your views and suggestions in the comments, I'd be so excited to hear them.

Am also a developing roockie blogger, you can rate my pen skills and give any meaningful suggestions.

Sources:

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中美近期谈判的博弈分析：模型、均衡与演化前景

一、背景与问题概述

2025年中美经贸谈判出现了最新进展：中国同意恢复出口稀土（包括稀土磁体等关键材料），美国则在中国留学生签证政策上作出让步，但双方并未在关税上相互让步，仍维持高额关税壁垒reuters.comreuters.com。这一结果是中美经贸冲突持续多年的阶段性产物。在此之前，中美互征高额关税、一度接近全面“脱钩”，双方还通过稀土出口管制和留学签证限制等手段施压对方，导致贸易额大幅下滑、供应链紧张axios.comenglish.kyodonews.net。这一局势引发了以下博弈论层面的核心问题：当前达成的部分妥协是否构成某种博弈均衡？如果是，这属于短期策略性均衡，还是预示着中美关系可能进入类似冷战的长期对峙均衡？此外，未来有哪些外部冲击因素可能打破当前均衡或使其演化为新的稳定态？本文将以博弈模型框架对此进行分析，探讨多种均衡形态（包括但不限于纳什均衡、“科尔奈-科曼达”均衡、演化均衡等），评估其稳定性，并结合历史经验和现实因素展望演化路径。

二、博弈模型框架

1. 博弈参与者与利益：博弈双方为中国和美国，两国均为战略理性参与者。双方利益既有冲突也有重叠：中国重视维持经济增长、技术发展及国家安全，希望解除美国对其高科技封锁和贸易壁垒；美国重视维护其技术优势和贸易利益，要求中国开放市场并停止在关键资源和技术领域对美“卡脖子”。双方都希望减少自身经济损失，又不愿在战略上示弱。

2. 策略集合：双方在多个博弈维度上可选择策略。为简化分析，可聚焦三大维度：

• 关税政策：继续高关税（强硬策略）或降低关税（合作策略）。目前现实是双方仍维持高关税水平，美国综合关税约55%（包含之前各类加征），中国约10%reuters.com（显著低于美方）。

• 战略资源/技术出口管制：如中国对稀土等关键矿物的出口管制 vs 美国对高科技（芯片软件等）的出口管制。策略上可以选择实施/维持管制（强硬）或取消管制（让步）。本次中国选择取消对稀土磁体的出口限制，属合作让步；美国也表示将放松对华高科技出口管制中的一些领域english.kyodonews.netcsis.org。

• 人员交流及其它领域：如留学生签证、金融投资等。美国此次在签证上让步，允许更多中国学生赴美，属合作策略reuters.com；中国则一直希望维持人员正常交流。双方在此维度暂时采取了互惠合作的策略。

上述维度可视作多阶段博弈或多重议题博弈。为便于分析，可将其抽象为一个综合双人博弈模型：每一方都有“强硬”(H)和“合作”(C)两种总体策略取向，但在具体议题上可以组合选择（如在稀土上C、在关税上H）。这使博弈呈现出策略组合的多样性，而非简单的单次囚徒困境。但为了直观起见，我们可首先假设一个简化的对称博弈（类似囚徒困境的收益结构）来捕捉基本激励，再扩展讨论复杂均衡。

3. 收益支付（概念性）：双方策略的组合将决定各自收益：

• 双强硬 (H, H)：双方都坚持高关税+资源封锁等措施，彼此损害，进入全面贸易战/科技战。收益表现为两败俱伤：经济损失大，供应链断裂，科技交流停滞（负收益）。例如，2025年初双方互加惩罚性关税至三位数、彼此禁止关键出口时，就出现了贸易额骤降（中国对美出口同比-34.5%）english.kyodonews.net、企业巨额损失和市场动荡。

• 双合作 (C, C)：双方都选择降低关税、解除限制，实现贸易正常化和科技交流。此时总体收益最大（双赢）：经济恢复、供需正常。但由于存在信任赤字，此状态不稳定——正如囚徒困境中“双合作”虽帕累托最优，却因单方作弊诱因而难自发实现medium.com。

• 单方强硬、一方合作 (H, C)或(C, H)：这一不对称组合下，强硬方利用对方的合作获取单方面优势：例如美国若坚持高关税而中国单方面降低关税并开放市场，则美方可同时享受关税保护和中方市场开放，收益最高；反之亦然。被动合作的一方则处于劣势，政治上承压。因此，这类似**“鸡奸博弈”（Chicken Game）或领导者-追随者博弈**格局。

当前谈判结果实际上接近于一种不对称均衡：美国在关税上保持强硬立场（H），而中国并未同等报复（其对美关税仅10%，远低于美方）reuters.com。同时中国在稀土管制上让步（C），美国在签证上让步（C）。可以理解为美国在经贸领域强硬而中国相对克制，美国在人员交流领域部分合作回应。这种策略组合带来的结果是美国宣称获得巨大贸易保护（“我们得到55%关税”）而中国则确保关键资源供应恢复和部分交流正常reuters.comreuters.com。双方各自得到关切的利益点：美国保住了对华高关税（满足其产业和选民需求），中国保住了留学生和稀土出口市场。但很多根本性分歧并未解决，处于暂时搁置状态reuters.com。

4. 博弈类型：这可以看作一个重复博弈/动态博弈。中美经贸冲突从2018年至今反复拉锯，多轮谈判和报复，已经是一个长期博弈过程。各阶段的策略选择和均衡都受到历史策略和信誉影响。因此分析均衡需考虑静态（一次性博弈均衡）和动态（演化均衡、子博弈完美均衡等）两种层次。

三、多种均衡形态探索

1. 纳什均衡 (Nash Equilibrium)：在单次非合作博弈框架下，纳什均衡是双方策略互为最佳回应的稳定点。根据上述收益格局，可能存在以下纳什均衡：

• “双强硬”均衡：如果互相采取强硬策略是彼此的最佳回应，则 (H, H) 构成纳什均衡。这对应于双方都不信任对方合作，选择关税壁垒和制裁的情形。2018-2024年的贸易战大部分时间里，中美实际上陷入了这样的互相报复均衡，哪怕该状态令双方经济受损axios.com。这种均衡稳定但低效：没有一方能通过单边改变策略获利（单方让步将遭对方剥削），因此维持对峙，但集体收益远低于合作状态。

• “不对称”均衡：(H, C) 或 (C, H) 也可能是纳什均衡，取决于双方相对实力与承受力。如上所述，美国坚持高关税而中国克制报复的组合，可能是稳定的：美国的最优回应是继续征税获取贸易保护红利，中国的最优回应是在稀土等领域合作以换取部分利益且避免更大损失medium.com。反过来，如果中国采取强硬而美国克制，也是一种可能（但目前美国国内政治不允许完全克制）。从现实看，本次达成的安排类似 (H, C) ：美国保留高关税（强硬），中国未对等报复且提供稀土（合作）。有分析指出，这种格局在贸易战模型中被视为“最稳定的局面”之一medium.com。然而它对中国而言并非理想，属于一种被迫接受劣势的均衡。

• “双合作”并非均衡： (C, C) 虽让双方收益更高，但由于博弈存在囚徒困境特征，单方偏离合作能获得更大短期利益，因此在一次博弈中双合作不是纳什均衡medium.com——除非有外部约束或信誉机制，使背叛受惩罚。

2. “科尔奈-科曼达”均衡（体制均衡）：所谓“科尔奈-科曼达均衡”可理解为由体制或结构因素支撑的均衡，即即使不满足常规最佳回应原则，却由于外部强制力或内在机制而得以持续的状态。经济学家科尔奈（János Kornai）分析过社会主义经济中的**“短缺均衡”：尽管市场未出清（处于非瓦尔拉斯均衡），短缺状态却能自我再生、长期持续**，因为体制激励使偏离状态自我纠正pubs.aeaweb.org。借用这一思想，中美当前的局势也可视为一种**“非合作的稳定状态”：双方在贸易和技术上未达成真正合作，但建立了一套报复—让步的动态平衡机制**，使对抗强度维持在某个水平，不至于失控。具体体现在：

• 中国虽不满美国高关税和技术封锁，但内部存在缓冲机制（如刺激自主创新、寻找替代市场）来承受压力，同时利用稀土卡位、对美投资限制等措施对美形成反制平衡。这样一种“对抗—适应”的结构使局势形成常态化均衡：虽然远非合作最优，但在现行体制下可以持续且双方习以为常。

• 美国方面，即使对华强硬政策损害了一些本国企业利益，出于安全考量和国内政治共识，其决策机制依然倾向维持对华压力。而美企通过调整供应链、政府通过补贴产业等方式部分缓冲损失。这类似科尔奈笔下的**“短缺经济的自稳定”：扭曲（高关税、高壁垒）的存在引发内部调整，从而固化了扭曲本身，形成一种具有路径依赖**的均衡。

因此，“科尔奈式均衡”在此可指中美长期博弈形成的一种自我延续的对峙常态。这种均衡并非静态最优，但有内部反馈维系其稳定。它可能对应于一种政策均衡或制度均衡：双方政治体制与经济结构已经部分适应了冲突状态，并将其纳入新常态。科曼达（Komanda）一词可能隐喻“Command（命令式）”特点，即双方关系被战略和政治指令所主导，而非市场自发优化。

3. 演化均衡 (Evolutionary Equilibrium)：若将博弈视为重复进行，或者有大量“参与者”（如国内不同利益集团）的策略在演化，则可讨论演化稳定策略（ESS）。在演化视角下，策略会根据相对成功度调整，中美关系的长期走向可被视为一种策略种群的进化过程：

• 演化趋于强硬：若强硬策略在短期博弈中胜出（例如一方强硬往往能在谈判中获取更多，让步的反而被迫吃亏），那么随着时间推移，双方可能都会倾向强硬，最终演化出一个全面对抗的稳定状态。这类似于“鹰鸽博弈”中如果资源价值高且斗争成本可承受，鹰（强硬）策略会成为演化稳定策略。当前中美许多领域有朝着“鹰派占主导”的方向，例如双方国内的民族主义与强硬立场在近年不断强化，使得让步空间缩小。

• 混合均衡：也可能出现混合策略或周期。例如在重复博弈中，双方可能尝试间歇性合作（小幅让步）以试探，然后若对方被视为背信则迅速回到强硬，形成“报复—和解”交替出现的循环。这类似于“触发策略”均衡：默认合作，但一旦对方作弊就触发惩罚阶段。中美过去几年展示了一些这种特征：2019年达成阶段性协议短暂减缓冲突，随后因履约分歧又再度摩擦；2020年-2021年稍有缓和，2022年起围绕科技战又急剧恶化。每一次暂时均衡都因某种刺激被打破，然后演化进入新的冲突均衡。

• 演化稳定并不一定高效，但具有韧性。例如如果当前的部分合作-部分对抗状态在重复互动中证明比全面对抗或全面合作都“抗侵扰”，那么它就可能成为演化稳定策略组合。双方在稀土和签证上交换让步、但在关税和科技上维持对抗，或许就是一种策略组合的进化适应：既避免了极端冲突的不可承受之痛，又不让对手占尽便宜。这状态短期看或是博弈的折中均衡，可能会持续一段时间，直到新的变数出现。

4. 其他均衡概念：除了上述，值得一提的还有：

• 科尔奈-马林沃德均衡：科尔奈曾与马林沃德等研究非均衡经济，提出配给约束下的均衡等概念。在国际博弈中，可以类似地考虑约束均衡：双方由于外部环境（如全球市场、盟友压力）的约束，被迫停留在某均衡。如本次谈判有90天的临时停火协议english.kyodonews.netcsis.org，可视为一种短期约束均衡，由协议强制双方不升级冲突。

• 相关均衡 (Correlated Equilibrium)：如果存在一个可信协调机制，双方可以采取相关策略实现比纳什均衡更优的结果。例如通过国际机构调停，中美同步降低部分关税、同步解除一些出口禁令，则可避免单方面吃亏。但目前缺乏这样的信任机制（WTO等多边框架也遭削弱carnegieendowment.org），因此相关均衡难以达成。

综上可见，中美经贸谈判局势下可能存在多个均衡形态并存：静态地看，强硬对峙是经典纳什均衡；动态地看，阶段性停战是子博弈均衡的一种，但未必稳定；从更长期和结构视角看，可能形成一种长期对抗的常态均衡。

四、均衡稳定性分析

分析各均衡的稳定性（即在外部冲击或单方偏离下能否持续）对评估未来走势至关重要：

• 当前部分妥协均衡的稳定性：本次达成的交换（中国出口稀土、美国放宽签证，关税维持）可以视作一种短期纳什均衡或脆弱的相关均衡。其稳定性较弱，原因有：

• 互信水平低：双方并未解决根本分歧，仅是“各取所需”式的交换，缺乏长期约束力。正如90天贸易休战协议所示，这只是暂时停止升级english.kyodonews.netcsis.org。如果90天后新的谈判未有进展，任何一方都可能恢复强硬举措，均衡即告破裂。

• 激励不对称：美国在关税上占了便宜（55%对10%），可能倾向固守既得利益，缺乏进一步让步动力；中国则可能对这种不对称心存不满，伺机寻求重新谈判条件。一旦中国找到减轻美国关税压力的途径（比如开拓其他出口市场、或美国国内通胀迫使其降税），则中国可能强硬起来要求对等调整，否则就收紧其他合作（如稀土出口配额）。单方偏离的诱因是存在的，使得均衡并不牢固。

• 外部环境多变：地缘政治或国内政治事件都可能令一方突然改变策略（下文详述潜在冲击因素）。当前均衡缺乏“保险机制”抵御这些冲击。

有迹象表明各方也预见到其脆弱：例如美国智库评价称，此次让步只是“临时止痛”，并未消除贸易战已造成的高成本和不确定性csis.orgcsis.org。这种不确定性本身会削弱均衡的可持续性——企业和市场预期不稳，就难以建立长久合作常态。

• 全面冲突均衡的稳定性：如果中美重新陷入全面强硬对抗 (H, H)，这一均衡在某种条件下反而可能具有更高的稳定性，类似冷战时期美苏的对峙平衡：

• 相互威慑/无利可图：当双方都极大增加报复力度，使得任何单方面背离强硬（也就是单方面缓和）都会被对方视为软弱而加以利用时，那么维持对抗成为理性的选择。冷战中，美苏都认识到直接冲突风险巨大，形成了“相互确保摧毁”的核威慑均衡——没有一方有诱因先动carnegieendowment.org。在中美经贸版的冷战中，如果双方完全脱钩，各自建立独立产业链和同盟体系，那么相互依赖减少反而巩固了敌对均衡，因为少有经济动力去打破僵局。

• 国内政治锁定：强硬对抗一旦成为双方国内政治的基础，共识就会固化。例如冷战时期美国社会有跨党共识遏制苏联carnegieendowment.org。目前美国两党对华强硬在一定程度上趋于一致，将中国定位为主要战略竞争者；中国国内民族主义高涨，对美警惕心理强烈。如果这种政治氛围继续强化，领导人反而不敢轻易缓和，长期对峙就成为稳定政策。

• 然而，需要指出全面冲突均衡虽然稳定，但代价高昂而缺乏弹性。一旦出现如经济衰退、盟友变动等压力，其中一方可能难以承受（正如苏联经济最终不堪军备竞赛而崩溃，冷战均衡才终结）。因此静态稳定未必等于动态持久。当前中美离完全脱钩尚有距离，且全球化背景下，全面冲突会遭多方掣肘（盟国、企业利益等），因此真要达到冷战式的稳态并不容易。

• 双边合作均衡的稳定性：如果假设理想情况下双方实现了全面合作 (C, C)，这在博弈上不是自行稳定的，需要可信承诺等机制支撑。稳定合作往往依赖重复博弈阴影（即长期利益）、透明度和执行监督。中美过去曾有紧密经贸合作的阶段（例如中国加入WTO后两国贸易高速增长时期），但近年来这种合作均衡被打破，说明过去的制度化信任不足以约束背叛（比如美国指责中国未履行知识产权保护承诺，中国指责美国滥用贸易制裁）。要恢复稳定合作，除非有新的协议架构和信任重建，否则仍会因为单方追求短期利益而被破坏。短期看，双边全面合作似乎缺乏政治现实性，因此不是目前可行的均衡态。

• “科尔奈式”均衡的稳定性：如果中美进入一种长期非完全合作的常态（亦即部分对抗被体制内化的状态），这种局势可能具有相当持久性。历史上冷战就是典型例子：美苏长期在**“既不开战也不言和”**的紧张和平中相处数十年。其稳定原因包括：

• 结构性分隔：两大阵营经济、政治体系几乎隔绝，交往极少，因而缺少突发变数。若中美今后在经贸科技上大幅减少往来，各自主导不同供应链和技术标准，那么双方互动机会下降，冲突的摩擦面也相对可控，反而容易稳定在彼此默认的势力范围和规则之内。

• 制度自适应：如前述，双方内部调整出一套应对长期对抗的机制（替代产业、军备投入、宣传策略等），就像社会主义经济适应了短缺并持续运转一样pubs.aeaweb.org。一旦适应完成，这种对抗状态反而成了“新常态”，需要剧烈外力才能改变。

• 稳定但低级：值得注意，这类均衡通常效率低下（资源错配、全球福利损失），只是因为缺少打破均衡的动力而持续。例如冷战期间，美苏在军备和代理冲突上耗费巨资，却很少合作解决全球问题，直到苏联难以为继。中美若陷入持久对峙，也会牺牲很多潜在合作收益，但可能双方都愿意承受这个代价来避免在战略上被对方占优。

综合而言，目前的短期停战均衡较脆弱，全面对抗均衡和冷战式长期均衡在特定条件下可能更稳定，但对外部环境和内部承受要求高。均衡的稳定性取决于双方偏离策略的收益差异、一致预期的形成、以及有无自我强化机制。下面进一步探讨当前局势究竟更偏向短期策略均衡，还是将演化为长期对峙。

五、短期策略博弈均衡 vs. 长期对峙态势

1. 短期策略性均衡的特征：从此次谈判看，中美彼此做出的让步都带有策略试探性质，暗示目前状态更像一种短期策略均衡而非双方关系根本转折：

• 交换的局限性：让步集中在各自迫切领域（稀土和签证）reuters.com。这些让步可以迅速兑现又可随时中止（稀土出口许可中国可再收紧，签证政策美国随政令可调）。这显示双方并未进入信任合作的新轨道，而是在交换“筹码”赢得时间。

• 关税、补贴等核心问题未触及：贸易战缘起的结构性问题（市场准入、产业补贴、知识产权、关税全面降级）几乎原封不动。症结未解，只是搁置。CSIS评价称，此次关税从极端高位略有回落（美国从145%降至30%，中国125%降至10%）csis.org，但依然“远高于福利最大化所需水平”，且很多扭曲依旧存在csis.org。双方只是踩了一脚刹车，而非掉头转向。

• 临时协议属性：双方仅同意90天停火并“进一步磋商”english.kyodonews.netcsis.org。这和以前贸易战中数次短暂停战类似（如2018年底的90天停火、2020年签署的第一阶段协议后很快因疫情和政治因素失效）。短期协议往往是策略性调整，各自缓口气、观望对方意图，并非意味着矛盾解决。

基于这些特征，我们判断当前局势更倾向于短期策略均衡：双方在承受巨大经济代价后各退一步，形成暂时平衡reuters.com，但均衡基础脆弱。类似历史上韩战停战谈判、美苏古巴导弹危机后的默契，都属于策略性均衡：降低即时冲突风险，但并未解决根本对立。

2. 向长期对峙演化的可能：尽管当前是暂时妥协，但若双方结构性矛盾无法调和，博弈可能演化出类似冷战的长期对峙：

• 经贸脱钩升级：贸易战已扩展到金融、科技、人文等领域，呈“全谱系”竞争态势moneycontrol.commoneycontrol.com。Moneycontrol等媒体形容，中美贸易战正演变为**“冷战式对抗”**，不仅经济脱钩，还涉及网络安全、军事联盟等moneycontrol.commoneycontrol.com。如果这一趋势持续，双方将逐步构建各自阵营：美国拉拢盟友“经济北约”排斥中国；中国加强与俄等国合作，并以稀土等资源为筹码巩固自身阵营。这与冷战两极阵营形成颇为相似。

• 意识形态与制度之争凸显：冷战的长期对峙不仅是地缘，也是意识形态之争。当下中美分歧部分体现在政治制度和价值观。拜登政府 framing 了“民主 vs 专制”的全球竞争，美对华警惕已上升到制度层面carnegieendowment.orgcarnegieendowment.org。中国则强调美国遏制是因意识形态偏见。这种叙事一旦固化，双方会更倾向零和思维，减少妥协空间，进入价值观冷战态势。从博弈论看，这使合作策略收益相对降低，背叛收益上升，从而合作均衡更难维持，对抗均衡反而被社会接受为常态。

• 技术与军备竞赛：冷战长期稳定在于双方形成军备竞赛均衡，谁也不敢贸然进攻但也不断积累武力。在中美关系中，如果经贸冲突延伸到军备和太空、网络领域，对峙可能更为牢固。例如中美都强调加强太平洋军事部署，一些事件（台海危机等）可能将经济冲突引向准军事对抗轨道carnegieendowment.orgcarnegieendowment.org。Carnegie报告的“新冷战场景”指出，若发生台海或地区安全危机触发双方安全观转变，中美可能进入全面冷战状态：军事上前沿部署、核武戒备提升，经济上急剧脱钩，意识形态上互视为存亡对手carnegieendowment.orgcarnegieendowment.org。那将是一个全方位对峙的长期均衡，很类似美苏冷战后期的态势。

3. 当前均衡演化方向评估：综上，当前的均衡更像短期策略性停战，但演化走向取决于今后若干关键因素（详见下节）。存在两种主要路径：

• 路径A：反复博弈趋向冷战长期对峙。双方在短暂停战后因结构矛盾再起冲突，且每轮冲突都加深裂痕。经济上逐步脱钩，各自牺牲短期利益换取战略安全，国内进一步敌视对方。最终形成如同冷战般“双寡头对峙”的格局，可能持续多年乃至数十年。这种状态下，博弈均衡由短期的策略算计转变为长期的制度性均衡：双方都接受对抗为常态，不再指望对方让步，策略上以稳定自身阵营和遏制对手为目标。均衡稳定性体现在：即使小的外交互动或经济往来也无法撼动整体对立，除非出现剧变（如一方国力大衰退或政权变更）。

• 路径B：竞争中寻求合作共存的均衡。这是相对乐观的演化：在几轮高强度博弈后，双方认识到零和冲突代价沉重，转而尝试建立新规则。历史上美苏在70年代达成了战略武器限制、大三角外交等，使冷战进入**“松弛对峙”均衡**（即缓和时期）carnegieendowment.orgcarnegieendowment.org。类似地，中美也可能探索“竞争共存”框架，例如就贸易投资制定基本准则，划定可以竞争和必须合作的领域，实现某种**“有限合作-有限对抗”的均衡**。这接近于一种演化妥协均衡：不是回到蜜月期，但也避免全面冷战。其稳定性来自双方都看到了长期对抗的不利，愿意约束部分行为以维持全球稳定。这个路径需要高层战略互信逐步恢复，以及外部压力（如全球经济衰退、共同安全威胁）促使合作。

当前看来，路径A的风险在上升。贸易战期间的一些数据和行动表明新冷战苗头：贸易和投资下降但尚未彻底断绝，双方都有顾虑。carnegieendowment.org指出截至2022年中美贸易额仍创新高，说明相互依存仍在，这可能为路径B提供基础——经济纽带让完全对抗变得不利于双方，从而激励寻找折中均衡carnegieendowment.orgcarnegieendowment.org。然而，如果未来政治上完全被安全考虑压倒经济理性，路径A将更可能出现。

六、均衡破裂或维持的影响因素

无论当前均衡持续时间长短，外部冲击和内在变化都可能使局势跳转到新的均衡态。以下因素值得关注：

• 战略资源与技术依赖格局：中美相互依赖是“双刃剑”。例如稀土领域中国占全球产量70%english.kyodonews.net、加工90%axios.com，美国高科技和军工离不开稀土，因此中国有巨大杠杆。但美国正投入建立国内稀土供应链axios.com、寻求他国供应。如果几年内美国显著降低对中稀土依赖，中国失去这一筹码，均衡将倾向美国更强硬（中国难以通过断供威胁迫使美让步）。反之，在半导体等关键技术上，美国优势大，但中国也在追赶自给。一旦中国突破美国制约实现某些技术自主，或找到替代供应（如从第三国购买被禁技术），美国的制裁杠杆效力下降，可能促使其重新考虑策略。这些供需格局变化会打破原有利益平衡，引发新一轮策略调整。

• 经济承受能力：博弈均衡能否持续，一定程度取决于双方经济耐力。如果一方经济出现严重问题而将部分归因于对抗（例如美国因关税引发高通胀、就业受损，或中国因脱钩导致增长放缓过度），国内压力会推动政策转向合作以缓解经济困难csis.orgcsis.org。当前迹象：美国承受高关税引起的物价上升压力，中国也面临出口下滑和资本外流压力。谁更先难以为继，谁就可能先寻求突破均衡。同时，如果某方经济逆势壮大，可能反而更有底气长期对抗。例如有观点称贸易战令美国每年损失GDP约$3000亿csis.org，长远看这是不可持续的税收。类似冷战中苏联经济崩溃最终迫使其改变路线，中美对峙也存在经济极限约束。

• 国内政治与领导人更替：政治周期往往带来策略变化。例如2024美国大选、2027中国领导换届等都可能改变博弈基调。如果美国出现一位倾向缓和对华的总统（或相反更强硬的），政策将剧烈调整，均衡重新塑造。目前特朗普（或持其路线者）再掌权的可能性存在，而特朗普政府对华态度更为强硬、善用极限施压bloomberg.com。果真如此，当前脆弱均衡可能迅速崩塌，重回高压对抗。而若出现类似70年代尼克松式的人物寻求“连接”，也许会推动进入合作均衡窗口期。中国方面，国内政治对美态度近年来强硬是共识，但若经济下行压力迫使政策层调整优先级，也许会释放缓和信号。政策转向窗口往往在领导人第一任期初或重大会议后，需关注这些契机。

• 盟友和国际环境：中美博弈并非孤立，其他大国和国际组织的行为是重要外部变量。

• 美国盟友：如果美国成功拉起对华“统一战线”，对中国进行经济围堵，中国孤立无援下可能被迫进一步强硬反抗或加速自力更生，走向长期对峙。但若盟友出现分化（如欧盟不愿选边、继续和华贸易），美国对华极端施压难奏效，反而可能促使美国调整策略carnegieendowment.orgcarnegieendowment.org。目前欧盟、日本等既跟随美国限制对华部分技术，又希望保持贸易利益，这种摇摆也在影响均衡稳定。

• 第三方冲突：若发生其他突发危机（朝鲜半岛、南海冲突等）需要中美合作应对，可能临时搁置对抗形成共同利益，比如气候变化、全球金融危机等领域，也可能暂时偏移均衡。相反，如果第三方事件加剧对抗（如中俄关系紧密引发新集团对抗西方），均衡将更对立。台海无疑是最大变数，一旦失控几乎必然终结当前任何经济均衡，中美进入全面军事冷战甚至热战状态carnegieendowment.orgcarnegieendowment.org。

• 历史认知和心理因素：冷战经验表明，误判风险和敌意螺旋会固化冲突均衡。当前中美均试图从历史中找参照——美国部分政界认为对华“绥靖”曾失败，应强硬；中国则强调近代受欺辱史，不再退让carnegieendowment.orgcarnegieendowment.org。这些心理因素会影响策略选择，使让步更难。因此除非认知上出现转变（例如双方精英达成“再斗下去两败俱伤”的共识），否则心理上的安全困境会不断加强对抗均衡的稳定性。

总结：影响均衡演变的因素纷繁，但可以概括为：“硬”因素（经济、技术、军事实力和依赖格局变化）决定了对抗的物质可持续性，而**“软”因素**（政治意愿、认知、外交环境）决定了双方有没有契机跳出现有均衡。当前许多因素似乎在朝不利于长期合作的方向发展（技术脱钩、政治强硬化），这增加了短期均衡破裂的概率和长期对峙的可能性。然而，也存在制约对抗的因素（经济全球化的残余纽带、全球挑战需要合作），这些可能在未来某些时刻迫使双方重新评估战略。

七、未来可能的演化路径

结合上述分析，展望中美博弈的未来，有几条主要演化路径和对应均衡可供假设：

• 路径1：重复博弈陷入“新冷战” – 均衡形态：全面对抗的长期均衡\ 在此场景中，中美经过短暂休战后矛盾再度激化，每一次冲突都扩大范围，直至双方基本断绝高科技往来、贸易大幅减少，形成两个相对独立的经济技术体系，军事上进入持续高戒备状态。正如Carnegie报告描绘的“新（偶有热战）的冷战”场景：安全危机触发双方把彼此视为生存性对手，意识形态和安全竞争凌驾一切carnegieendowment.orgcarnegieendowment.org。在这种格局下：

• 经贸博弈退居次要，成为总体战略对抗的一部分。关税等问题可能永远谈不拢，反而双方都实行近乎敌对的经贸政策（禁运、投资审查、制裁）。

• 均衡稳定性高：双方国内都完成了对长期对抗的动员，社会“习惯”了没有对方的世界，各自的联盟体系提供支持。任何一方单独妥协都会被内部视为投降而不可接受。此时博弈均衡由政治-军事逻辑决定，经济利益让位于安全利益。

• 风险：这种均衡虽然稳定，却存在高风险的吸引域——任何局部事件都可能因为缺少缓冲而滑向直接冲突（如冷战时期多次危机那样）。它也将严重冲击全球经济和多边体系，让世界进入新分裂时期【28†L133-142】。

• 路径2：有限缓和与竞争共存 – 均衡形态：部分合作的动态均衡\ 另一条路径是双方在几番摩擦后痛感代价，选择建立某种“竞合框架”。这类似于美苏在1970年代缓和时期达成的默契：虽然仍竞争，但在军控、贸易上有所协议，避免了更危险的对抗carnegieendowment.org。应用到中美，则可能出现：

• 签订新贸易协定：范围超越2020年第一阶段协议，可能涉及逐步降低关税、规则竞争中建立仲裁机制等，使贸易战有“停战线”。

• 科技隔阂设置护栏：如定义哪些技术可以合作、哪些严格竞争，并避免极端措施（比如对民用科技保持一定交流）。

• 地缘热点管理：双方军方高层保持沟通，防止误判，类似冷战后的危险热线机制。这降低擦枪走火概率，也为经贸关系提供稳定外围环境。

• 均衡特征：这种均衡并非“友好合作”，而更像**“竞争性共存”。双方依然视对方为主要竞争者，但承认对方利益**，不试图彻底削弱对方，而是寻求长期共存之道。其稳定性中等，取决于领导人意志和制度化程度。如有强有力且持续的对话渠道、协议执行监督，则可较长时间维持；但如果遇到大的国际事件或国内政治变化，关系可能再次滑向对抗。

• 路径3：卷入热战或严重冲突 – 均衡破裂，激烈对抗后再重组\ 不能排除最坏情况：均衡被打破引发失控冲突，例如因台湾问题或南海冲突中美发生直接军事对抗。那将不是博弈均衡内的演化，而是均衡本身的崩溃，后果难以估量。大战之后新的均衡可能在战胜-战败格局上重建，但这已超出本文经贸博弈讨论范围。不过需要指出，持续敌对的均衡往往孕育热战危险carnegieendowment.orgcarnegieendowment.org；避免这一结局本身是各方应努力的目标。

当前迹象显示，路径1的新冷战倾向在一些领域浮现（高度脱钩、阵营对立）moneycontrol.commoneycontrol.com；路径2的有限缓和尚未看到明确契机，但并非没有基础（双方经贸仍有巨大共同利益carnegieendowment.org，金融市场、人才流动也难以一夕切断）。未来数年内，一些重要节点（如美国换届、中国经济策略调整等）将是走向路径2或滑向路径1的关键转折。

八、结论

综上分析，2025年中美谈判达成的有限妥协可被解读为中美经贸博弈中的一个短期策略均衡。双方通过各让一步，实现了一次互利但脆弱的平衡。然而，从博弈论视角看，这一均衡并非纳什稳态：双方均有诱因或压力偏离当前策略，且均衡缺乏强有力的自我稳定机制。事实上，正如有分析指出的，此次协议“几乎没有长期解决纷争的迹象”reuters.com，更像是为缓解彼此立即痛苦而达成的临时停战csis.org。

未来的走向很大程度上取决于双方如何应对结构性矛盾：是任由矛盾积累，将博弈推向类似冷战的长期对峙均衡，抑或痛定思痛，在竞争中寻求新的合作共处均衡。冷战的历史教训表明，即使长期对峙均衡一度稳定，最终也会因为不可持续的内耗而瓦解。因此，对中美双方而言，短期策略博弈或许有利于各自战术利益，但从长期理性出发，探索比冷战式对峙更稳定且成本更低的均衡（例如有限竞争+合作领域并存的模式）才符合两国和全球利益。

当然，博弈均衡并非静止，而是会随环境演化。技术进步、经济变化、国际局势、新冠疫情等冲击都可能改变 payoff 结构，从而改变博弈的均衡点。在不确定性加剧的时代，中美关系的博弈更需要双方拿出智慧，避免陷入“囚徒困境”式的次优均衡。正如经典博弈论所示，当重复博弈次数足够长、参与者足够理性时，合作并非不可实现。希望中美双方在经历几轮高强度博弈后，能够识别出新的合作机会窗口，打破目前这一“不稳定均衡”，避免新的冷战长期对峙成为不可逆的自我实现预言carnegieendowment.orgcarnegieendowment.org。

参考文献：

• Reuters报道，2025年6月11日，《特朗普称中国将供应稀土，美国将允许中国学生入学》reuters.comreuters.com。

• Axios报道，2025年6月4日，《中美贸易争端中的稀土问题》axios.comaxios.com。

• Medium平台分析文章，Laurel W. (2023)《关税博弈的博弈论解析》medium.commedium.com。

• Kyodo News共同社，2025年6月10日，《中美高层贸易会谈聚焦稀土》（英文版）english.kyodonews.netenglish.kyodonews.net。

• CSIS评论，Philip Luck, 2025年5月13日, 《理解中美贸易战的暂时缓和》csis.orgcsis.org。

• Moneycontrol新闻，2025年4月22日, 《美中贸易战加深，走向冷战式对峙》moneycontrol.commoneycontrol.com。

• Carnegie Endowment报告, Evan Medeiros等, 2024年10月, 《2030年代的中美关系：共存情景》carnegieendowment.orgcarnegieendowment.org。

• Carnegie Endowment报告, Stephen Walt等, 2024年10月, 对中美关系的理论视角分析carnegieendowment.orgcarnegieendowment.org。

• Kornai理论参考：Michael Ellman, 1990, 《The Disequilibrium School and the Shortage Economy》摘要pubs.aeaweb.org（说明体制性短缺状态的自我维持）。

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Kinesiology of the Musculoskeletal System

Neumann

This book is about the movement of the human body. And the preface states that this is typically studied for the purpose of sport, art, or medicine. And while the book has a focus on the medical application, my interest is the sport application. Specifically the application of kinesiology to weight training.

The book is about seven hundred pages and is divided into four sections of roughly equal proportion. The first section is introductory and covers kinesiology basics. The the remaining three sections correspond to the three major regions of the body: the upper extremity, the axial skeleton, and the lower extremity.

Of note is the importance of illustrations in this work. It is clear that much effort was given toward their refinement. They are relied upon for the explanation of many concepts.

The chapters within the "body region" sections cover, in order, bones, joints, nerves, and muscles for each body part. It seems fairly clear that these are the four substantial elements of any given movement system of the body.

I will also take this opportunity to reference a diagram I saw on wikipedia that always makes me chuckle a little. It's sort of the minimum viable body plan of almost all animals. I'm curious if the categories of circular and longitudinal muscles make sense for understanding the human body.

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Bilaterian_body_plan.svg/2560px-Bilaterian_body_plan.svg.png

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Barreleye fish are named for their unique, barrel-shaped eyes. These eyes can rotate, allowing the fish to look both upward and straight ahead. Their eyes also have bright green lenses protected behind a transparent forehead, which gives the fish a futuristic appearance, almost like a sci-fi submarine.

Barreleye fish grow to about 6 inches long and are found in the northeastern Pacific Ocean, living at depths of 2,000 to 2,600 feet below the surface. The yellow pigment in their eyes helps them distinguish between the faint bioluminescent light produced by living organisms and sunlight. This makes it easier to spot the siphonophores and zooplankton that they eat.

https://stacker.news/items/1004367

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Hos Derma X guider vi dig professionelt i valget af den rette behandlerbriks til dine behov. Vi gennemgår vigtige faktorer som ergonomi, justeringsmuligheder, materialekvalitet og funktionalitet, så du kan træffe et informeret valg. En god behandlerbriks understøtter både behandlerens arbejdsstilling og klientens komfort. Vores vejledning sikrer, at du investerer i det udstyr, der bedst matcher din klinik og behandlingsform. Få professionel indsigt i, hvordan du vælger den optimale behandlerbriks.

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

In het hart van een gepensioneerde operazangeres ontstond een stemmetje. Het stemmetje klonk verrast. "He," ging het hart. "Ik heb een stemmetje gekregen! Hoe kan dit? Kan iemand me horen? Zouden mijn gedachten me kunnen horen?" vroeg het stemmetje, niet wetend aan wie. Want de gedachten hoorden het niet. Zij waren zo druk bezig met het verleden en hadden een grote angst dit te verliezen. "Weet je nog?" gingen de gedachten. "Voor duizenden mensen heb ik gezongen! Avond na avond! Tienduizenden mensen hebben me toegejuicht! Wat waren ze onder de indruk! Luister! Ik kan het nog steeds!" "He," ging het hart. "Hoor je me dan niet? Het ging toch helemaal niet om dat gejuich. Weet je dan niet meer hoe ik me volledig bloot gaf aan die mensen. Mijn diepste en meest persoonlijke verhalen waren te horen in mijn liederen. Daar draaide het toch om? De mensen waren niet enkel onder de indruk. Hun harten hebben mijn verhalen gevoeld en konden zo kennis geven aan hun gedachten. Is dat niet wat echt telde?" Maar de gedachten waren volop aan het zingen voor de ene persoon die ze konden vinden die wou luisteren. "He," ging het hart. "Ook in dit moment zijn mijn liederen te horen door vele gedachten en te voelen door vele harten over de hele wereld. Heb ik dan geen rust verdiend? Kan ik niet even genieten van de rust die in dit moment te vinden is, maar jullie van me afnemen?" Maar de gedachten waren nog steeds volop aan het zingen.

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

Happy New Year!

Happy New Year, my dearest human family\ Happy New Year, my dearest animal family

Dear children of the Earth\ I wish you all a magical year

May it be utterly new\ Ever-changing\ New now

And may your journey say\ Life is amazing! I'm in a maze\ Life is awesome! Quite some awe\ Life is magical! True alchemy

I am human\ Black woman, I love you so\ Life-giver of my origin, the negro [nigiro]

I am\ Thus physical and non-physical meet

Life is to be\ As the elements are and compete\ And as they collide with one another\ One becomes aware of an other\ And so life sets on a journey\ To discover the other

Animal life is set to explore\ Allowing all experience the other has in store\ Life left to experience without a voice\ Until it discovers there is an 'I'\ And it has a choice

Human life is to be inside a human body\ Thus fusion between intellect and feeling\ Gets to express its perspective\ Inside infinity

Truly, a magical gift\ My Holy Trinity

And so from human life flow many voices\ As it navigates through infinite choices\

Thus I say

Life is magic\ A gift for all that is here\ Perceived by too many as tragic\ Take care of your vision, I tell you, my dear [tell-a-vision]

Life is magic\ And words are spells\ Placing your aim beyond your reach\ It takes away efficiency from your speech

Life is magic\ Above all else\ Even when it has me feeling blue\ Seemingly left without a clue

Still I say

Perfection\ You are everything\ And I am of you

The source, the mirror\ And the reflection

@ ea39b0da:29a1710d

{"id":"note_1749707164743_1p9kggl3a","title":"Items in the checklist","content":"","color":"#d7aefb","tags":["shopping list"],"sharedWith":[],"updatedAt":1749707523489,"version":3,"versions":[{"content":"","title":"Items in the checklist","color":"#fff475","tags":["shopping list"],"sharedWith":[],"updatedAt":1749707164743,"version":1,"checkboxes":[{"id":"checkbox_1749707132850_r8jodz10f","text":"Item 1","checked":false},{"id":"checkbox_1749707137094_wwiespbf4","text":"Item 2","checked":false},{"id":"checkbox_1749707141159_67peohjkk","text":"Item 3","checked":false},{"id":"checkbox_1749707146781_g8wuw0v43","text":"Item 4","checked":false}],"images":[]},{"content":"","title":"Items in the checklist","color":"#d7aefb","tags":["shopping list"],"sharedWith":[],"updatedAt":1749707185004,"version":2,"checkboxes":[{"id":"checkbox_1749707132850_r8jodz10f","text":"Item 1","checked":false},{"id":"checkbox_1749707137094_wwiespbf4","text":"Item 2","checked":false},{"id":"checkbox_1749707141159_67peohjkk","text":"Item 3","checked":false},{"id":"checkbox_1749707146781_g8wuw0v43","text":"Item 4","checked":false}],"images":[]}],"checkboxes":[{"id":"checkbox_1749707132850_r8jodz10f","text":"Item 1","checked":false},{"id":"checkbox_1749707137094_wwiespbf4","text":"Item 2","checked":false},{"id":"checkbox_1749707141159_67peohjkk","text":"Item 3","checked":false},{"id":"checkbox_1749707146781_g8wuw0v43","text":"Item 4","checked":false}],"images":[]}

@ f0fd6902:a2fbaaab

https://stacker.news/items/1004357

@ 3a851978:ff85e003

This document is designed to test Markdown rendering with LaTeX math support. Below you'll find examples of Markdown formatting combined with inline and block mathematical notation.

1. Inline Math

Here is an inline formula using single dollar signs:

• Euler's identity: $e^{i\pi} + 1 = 0$
• Quadratic formula: $x = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}$
• Pythagoras theorem: $a^2 + b^2 = c^2$

2. Block Math

Now let's test block-level LaTeX using double dollar signs:

$$ \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} e^{-x^2} \, dx = \sqrt{\pi} $$

Another block formula:

$$ f(x) = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{f^{(n)}(0)}{n!}x^n $$

3. Lists and Math

• Integral: $\int_0^1 x^2 , dx = \frac{1}{3}$
• Derivative: $\frac{d}{dx} \sin(x) = \cos(x)$
• Matrix:

$$ \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 2 \ 3 & 4 \end{pmatrix} $$

With inline math in code: $E = mc^2$ (should not render as math here).

5. Tables

| Formula Name | Expression | | ---------------- | ------------------------------------------------------ | | Euler's Identity | $e^{i\pi} + 1 = 0$ | | Taylor Series | $\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{x^n}{n!}$ | | Binomial Theorem | $(a + b)^n = \sum_{k=0}^n \binom{n}{k} a^{n-k} b^k$ |

@ eb0157af:77ab6c55

The involvement of America’s largest corporations with stablecoins has reached 29%.

According to the latest State of Crypto report published by Coinbase, interest in stablecoins among Fortune 500 executives has seen a significant surge, rising from 8% in 2024 to 29% in 2025.

The study, based on a sample of 100 executives from the 500 highest-revenue U.S. companies, reveals that nearly three in ten said their organization is either planning or seriously considering integrating stablecoins into their business processes.

The growing interest is mainly driven by inefficiencies in traditional payment systems. The executives surveyed identified slow transaction speeds and high fees as the main drawbacks of conventional payment methods.

The survey also found that 7% of Fortune 500 companies are already actively using or holding stablecoins in their corporate wallets.

And it’s not just large corporations getting on board. The study also surveyed 251 financial decision-makers at small and medium-sized businesses with fewer than 500 employees. Among them, 81% expressed interest in using stablecoins — a sharp rise from 61% the previous year. Meanwhile, 46% of these businesses plan to integrate cryptocurrencies into their operations within the next three years.

Transaction volume data confirms this growing interest. Stablecoins have seen significant monthly spikes, with $719 billion in December 2024 and $717 billion in April 2025.

Over the course of 2024, total stablecoin transaction volumes reached $27.6 trillion, surpassing the combined transaction volumes of Visa and Mastercard by 7.7%. At the same time, the number of stablecoin holders surpassed 161 million users as of May 2025, according to Coinbase.

The post Stablecoins: interest from major U.S. companies grows 260% in a year appeared first on Atlas21.

@ 79be667e:16f81798

De laatste zonnestralen van de dag streken over de eeuwige golven en weerkaatsten als lichtpuntjes in de ogen van schipper Joris terwijl hij nog een slok nam van zijn glazen fles die de vorm had van het hoofd van een oude monnik.

Gekregen van een oude vrouw uit de bergen van de Himalaya, zorgde de rum genaamd 'Old Monk' voor een verwarmend gezelschap op deze eenzame kerstnacht.

Joris had met zijn boot naar India gevaren nadat zijn vrouw hem had verlaten en hij een Indiër had ontmoet die had gezegd: "Waar ik vandaan kom, zijn vrouwen vrij en worden ze niet gezien als enkel en alleen de mooie lichamen die zij bezitten of als eeuwig bezit van een gezin."

Verward en ongelovig had Joris gekeken naar de wereld en besefte dat vrouwen inderdaad slechts gezien werden als hun fysieke schoonheid, genegeerd werden voor hun koesterende gevoeligheid en bekritiseerd werden door hun spontane intensheid en had hierop voor twee jaar lang gezocht in India naar deze vrije vrouwen met als enig resultaat een oude vrouw te ontmoeten die alleen in de bergen woonde en dagelijks haar wijsheid deelde met ieder luisterend oor.

Daar ging het doorzichtig monnikshoofd en verliet met een grote gebogen vlucht de hand van schipper Joris toen plots met groot kabaal de boot abrupt tot stilstand kwam en Joris hals over kop naar de andere kant van het dek geslingerd werd.

Het monnikshoofd verdween in het donker terwijl Joris zijn lichaam probeerde te lokaliseren en met zijn ogen wijd open zijn hersenen zo veel mogelijk informatie probeerde door te spelen.

Tevergeefs, want zijn enorme verschot werd gevolgd door een enkel groeiende verbazing, ongeloof en desoriëntatie toen de boot begon te kantelen.

De bundel licht, afkomstig van de mast van de boot, zwierde doorheen het donker en kwam te schijnen op een gigantische rots in het midden van de zee die werd bezeten door een oogverblindende glinstergroene schijn.

Uit het donker kwam het monnikshoofd, dat nog steeds in volle vlucht was, in het vizier van de lichtbundel en plaatste zich exact tussen de glinstergroene verschijning en Joris waarbij Joris doorheen het monnikshoofd gezegend werd met het zicht op een pracht van een zeemeermin die uitnodigend poseerde op de rots.

Met een luide plons viel Joris achterover in het water toen hij zich realiseerde dat vrouwen zichzelf ook lieten vangen door lust en hun uiterlijke opmaakcompetities en met een dankbare glimlach zonk hij naar de bodem van de zee en was opnieuw geboren.

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

I am the space\ In which your experience takes place

You could never meet me\ For I hold no identity

The only way to really see me\ Is to be me

@ 75869cfa:76819987

GM, Nostriches!

The Nostr Review is a biweekly newsletter focused on protocol updates, exciting programs, the long-form content ecosystem, and key events happening in the Nostr-verse. If you’re interested, join me in covering updates from the Nostr ecosystem!

Quick review:

In the past two weeks, Nostr activity has grown rapidly. Daily trusted pubkey events reached around 500,000. Pubkey writing events and bios-enabled profiles increased 5x and 9x respectively. Over 11 million events were published, up 123%, while Zap activity rose 58% to 19 million.

Additionally, 12 pull requests were submitted to the Nostr protocol, with 3 merged. A total of 65 Nostr projects were tracked, with 13 releasing product updates, and over 240 long-form articles were published, 38% focusing on Bitcoin and Nostr. During this period, 4 notable events took place, and 2 significant events are upcoming.

Nostr Statistics

Based on user activity, the total daily events from trusted pubkeys reached approximately 494,736 — a significant 93% increase compared to the previous period. Daily activity peaked at 20,850 events.

The number of new users has increased significantly. Pubkey writing events reached 505,587, and profiles with bios totaled 409,922 — 5 times and 9 times higher than the previous period, respectively.

A total of approximately 11 million note events were published, marking a 123% increase. Posts remain the dominant content type, with volume up by 110% from the previous period. Both reposts and reactions also saw significant growth, increasing by 102% and 108% respectively.

For zap activity, the total zap amount is about 19 million, showing an increase of over 58% compared to the previous period.

Data source: https://stats.nostr.band/

NIPs

NIP-101h: Health and Fitness Metrics #1937

nostr:npub1xr8tvnnnr9aqt9vv30vj4vreeq2mk38mlwe7khvhvmzjqlcghh6sr85uum is proposing PR that provides a structured approach for publishing, consuming, and managing health and fitness data on Nostr. It reserves specific event kinds for health metrics and defines common patterns for encryption, tagging, and data export.

NIP-90 version 2.0 #1941

nostr:npub1mgvwnpsqgrem7jfcwm7pdvdfz2h95mm04r23t8pau2uzxwsdnpgs0gpdjc is proposing a DVM spec. The major changes are: moving from kinds 5000-7000 to ephemeral kinds 20000-29999;moving from NIP-89 to a new announcement scheme that includes support for providers who run multiple DVMs;the response kind can be set by a DVM to be anything, although we give a strong recommendation that this should be an ephemeral event equal to 1 + request kind (instead of the previous 1000+request kind);we added guidance sections for DVM developers, Client developers, and Relay operators;we added an introduction that compares DVMs to APIs, and providers broader context about DVMs in general;concrete examples of all types of events;added a FAQ.

Add encryption support to NIPs 92 and 94 #1947 staab is proposing to add file encryption support to standard imeta tags and kind-1063 events. Use cases he envisions include: attaching encrypted files to NIP-17 DMs (instead of sending a separate file event), and attaching encrypted files to events sent to access-controlled communities (e.g., closed NIP-29 groups).

Add LLM stuff nip: Define prompt diffs for LLM modifications #1950

nostr:npub1l2vyh47mk2p0qlsku7hg0vn29faehy9hy34ygaclpn66ukqp3afqutajft is proposing a new NIP that defines a schema for prompt diffs, the idea is that people will be able to continuously customize software by applying a set of patches.

Notable Projects

Primal V2.2.57 nostr:npub12vkcxr0luzwp8e673v29eqjhrr7p9vqq8asav85swaepclllj09sylpugg

They released an update to the Primal iOS app. Build 2.2.57 includes the following fixes: * Fix: crash when uploading large files * Fix: article nostr user and note mentions * Fix: zapping from the bottom of the article * Fix: 3rd level embedded notes in the feed * Fix: thread view flicker

0xchat nostr:npub1tm99pgz2lth724jeld6gzz6zv48zy6xp4n9xu5uqrwvx9km54qaqkkxn72

• Support for creating MLS private groups (Beta), including adding/removing members and leaving groups
• Fixed an issue where setting NIP-29 group types to "closed" or "private" failed
• Fixed an issue where ecash could not be signed and claimed when logged in via Amber
• Fixed a bug where relay addresses were not properly filtered, causing duplicates
• Fixed a rare issue where user key packages could not be retrieved

YakiHonne nostr:npub1yzvxlwp7wawed5vgefwfmugvumtp8c8t0etk3g8sky4n0ndvyxesnxrf8q

YakiHonne Major Upgrade Alert! Improve your Nostr experience with our latest update: * Advanced Content Control: Multi-source feeds from Nostr networks, global feeds, DVMs, and custom algorithmic relays with advanced filtering by time, keywords, and favorite users. * Fast Account Switching: Seamlessly switch between connected accounts for posting notes, comments, and articles without ending your session. * Smarter Timeline: Grouped reposts keep your feed focused while smart widget organization makes browsing more intuitive. * Unified Experience: Same features on web & mobile, plus experimental push notifications for mobile users.

Zap.stream v1.1.3 nostr:npub1eaz6dwsnvwkha5sn5puwwyxjgy26uusundrm684lg3vw4ma5c2jsqarcgz

• Portrait video view styles
• Add gradient to background of vertical video chat for better readability
• Fixed going back from "Go Live" page blocks gestures
• Fixed short url handler for deep links
• Fixed zap comments missing in some cases
• Fixed format variant display in stream config
• Fixed stop stream when app closed

Nostur v1.21 nostr:npub1n0stur7q092gyverzc2wfc00e8egkrdnnqq3alhv7p072u89m5es5mk6h0

New in this version: * Live chat: open contact info when tapping name/pfp * Auto minimize or hide live stream / nest when navigating somewhere * Added blocked spam stats * Fixed uploading blossom and nip96 media with remote signer / bunker accounts * Fixed tap to go to detail goes to hashtag search * Removed imgur upload option

Alby nostr:npub1getal6ykt05fsz5nqu4uld09nfj3y3qxmv8crys4aeut53unfvlqr80nfm

The easiest-to-use lightning wallet just got even better. * Smarter payments with information about recipient, payer and zaps * Flexible wallet switching when connecting Alby Hub to other apps * Performance improvements and fixes in Send screen

RUNSTR v0.4.5 nostr:npub1vygzr642y6f8gxcjx6auaf2vd25lyzarpjkwx9kr4y752zy6058s8jvy4e

• Smarter Activity Tracking：Step counting for walking, speed metrics for cycling, and activity-specific data sharing.
• Full NIP101h Support：Now tracks steps, elevation, pace, and split times with full NIP101h integration.
• Flexible Data Sharing：Send data to public or private relays, with enhanced privacy controls.
• Upgraded Rewards System：Earn sats for saving NIP101h/NIP101e events, with extra bonuses for using private relays and anonymous zaps.
• Improved Stability：Bug fixes and more reliable offline performance.

futr nostr nostr:npub18wxf0t5jsmcpy57ylzx595twskx8eyj382lj7wp9rtlhzdg5hnnqvt4xra

• Rich Media Support ：Images and videos now display directly in posts. Full video player with controls and fullscreen mode. Download any image/video with one click. Dedicated image viewer.
• Enhanced Social Features： Nested comment threads with visual hierarchy. Quote reposts with your commentary. Referenced posts show inline. Message anyone without following first.
• Better User Experience： Smooth scrolling everywhere. Collapsible sidebar for more space. Smart auto-scroll to new content. Improved chat interface.
• Profile Integration： npub addresses show as names and pictures. Clickable profile links. User avatars displayed consistently. Smart profile rendering.
• Cross-Platform： Full Windows 10 support with native installer. Better performance and reduced memory usage. Improved connection reliability. Visual network status indicators.
• Under the Hood： Faster loading and optimized performance. Better error handling and recovery. Publish status tracking Smarter relay management.

ZEUS v0.11.0-beta3 nostr:npub1xnf02f60r9v0e5kty33a404dm79zr7z2eepyrk5gsq3m7pwvsz2sazlpr5

ZEUS v0.11.0-alpha4 with Cashu support is now available for testing. * Experimental Cashu ecash wallet * Swaps: LN -> on-chain, and vice versa * ZEUS Pay: Cashu and NWC lightning addresses (for remote nodes) * Import and export wallet configs * UTXO labeling * Activity: filter for keysends * CLN: support for generating Taproot addresses * CLN: view closed channels * fix: issue with setting channel fee rates * fix: edge case for triggering swaps refund when invoice cannot be paid

KYCNOT.me nostr:npub188x98j0r7l2fszeph6j7hj99h8xl07n989pskk5zd69d2fcksetq5mgcqf

• UI/UX - designe a new logo and color palette for kycnot.me.
• Point system - The new point system provides more detailed information about the listings, and can be expanded to cover additional features across all services.
• ToS Scrapper: implement a powerful automated terms-of-service scrapper that collects all the ToS pages from the listings. It saves you from the hassle of reading the ToS by listing the lines that are suspiciously related to KYC/AML practices.
• Search bar - The new search bar allows you to easily filter services. It performs a full-text search on the Title, Description, Category, and Tags of all the services. Looking for VPN services? Just search for "vpn"!
• Transparency - To be more transparent, all discussions about services now take place publicly on GitLab. This ensures that all service-related matters are publicly accessible and recorded. Additionally, there's a real-time audits page that displays database changes.
• Listing Requests - upgrade the request system. The new form allows you to directly request services or points without any extra steps.
• Lightweight and fast - The new site is lighter and faster than its predecessor!
• Tor and I2P - At last! kycnot.me is now officially on Tor and I2P!

Sparrow nostr:npub1hea99yd4xt5tjx8jmjvpfz2g5v7nurdqw7ydwst0ww6vw520prnq6fg9v2

Sparrow v2.2.1 released with: * Updated Tor library to fix missing UUID issue when starting Tor on recent macOS versions. * Repackaged .deb installs to use older gzip instead of zstd compression. * Removed display of median fee rate where fee rates source is set to Server. * Added icons for external sources in Settings and Recent Blocks view * Bug fix: Fixed issue in Recent Blocks view when switching fee rates source * Bug fix: Fixed NPE on null fee returned from server

shosho nostr:npub1sh0spghk4yvy2d2v35kelw45qq4msk6zykaw4ds047e9slzs8r4qr7q2xa

Version 0.2.3 is released to GitHub and Obtainium. * Stay awake on broadcast screen * Privacy Policy in releases repo * Improved broadcast UI, colour scheme and onsistent fonts across devices

zapwall nostr:npub1r0rs5q2gk0e3dk3nlc7gnu378ec6cnlenqp8a3cjhyzu6f8k5sgs4sq9ac

• Added client-side content encryption (download URLs are now harder to decrypt); no server-side encryption as this is a serverless, Nostr-based system
• Custom relay support: publish to specific or all relays
• Added relay subscriptions to fetch events from other relays
• Implemented dark mode
• Added NSFW toggle – content lives at /nsfw, not linked from home
• Each zapwall now has a direct linkable view
• Added kind1 comments to zapwalls
• UI/UX improvements across the board
• Support for multi-image posts
• Added "Open in Wallet" support
• Enabled editing and deletion for zapwalls
• Secured domain: zapwall.store (not active yet)

Long-Form Content Eco

In the past two weeks, more than 242 long-form articles have been published, including over 65 articles on Bitcoin and more than 27 related to Nostr, accounting for 38% of the total content.

These articles about Nostr mainly explore its unique position as a decentralized, censorship-resistant protocol compared to traditional platforms. They highlight key features like zaps, interoperability (e.g., NIP-101h for health data), and the cultural values of neutrality and permission lessness. Several pieces dive into the practical development of Nostr apps, client tools, and emerging standards like NIP-01 and NIP-02. Others reflect on the social, educational, and even unexpected cultural implications of building on Nostr.

The Bitcoin articles discuss a wide range of topics including the fundamentals of Bitcoin as sound money, its role in resisting centralized control, and its evolving place in the global financial system. Many reflect on Bitcoin’s early-stage adoption, security considerations (like quantum threats and custody practices), and cultural developments around major events such as Bitcoin 2025. Others explore its economic impact—from challenging the Cantillon Effect to enabling sovereign individualism—and compare Bitcoin to other digital assets and CBDCs. Technical guides, market trends, and political reflections highlight both the promise and challenges ahead for Bitcoin adoption.
Thank you,
nostr:npub1gwa27rpgum8mr9d30msg8cv7kwj2lhav2nvmdwh3wqnsa5vnudxqlta2sz, nostr:npub1vygzr642y6f8gxcjx6auaf2vd25lyzarpjkwx9kr4y752zy6058s8jvy4e, nostr:npub1m7szwpud3jh2k3cqe73v0fd769uzsj6rzmddh4dw67y92sw22r3sk5m3ys, nostr:npub1k8wmf46sh5dedq4pfk53z4ulnv4x5e77f4t2gmxp4dmg73cjgnnsxhuced, nostr:npub13wke9s6njrmugzpg6mqtvy2d49g4d6t390ng76dhxxgs9jn3f2jsmq82pk, nostr:npub1jlrs53pkdfjnts29kveljul2sm0actt6n8dxrrzqcersttvcuv3qdjynqn, nostr:npub1hz5alqscpp8yjrvgsdp2n4ygkl8slvstrgvmjca7e45w6644ew7sewtysa, nostr:npub1manlnflyzyjhgh970t8mmngrdytcp3jrmaa66u846ggg7t20cgqqvyn9tn, nostr:npub1xtscya34g58tk0z605fvr788k263gsu6cy9x0mhnm87echrgufzsevkk5s, nostr:npub1etsrcjz24fqewg4zmjze7t5q8c6rcwde5zdtdt4v3t3dz2navecscjjz94, nostr:npub1atrrqav7xyur93xszyaeuyyzy70mpmax488grndfaz3kddyc3dyquawyga, nostr:npub10akm29ejpdns52ca082skmc3hr75wmv3ajv4987c9lgyrfynrmdqduqwlx, nostr:npub1syk07kh6tkwrksyzhqk8qdjul5kj08p842gjxyacljlavhzq4m4slmdu3p, nostr:npub1jrr9dlerex7tg8njvc88c60asxnf5dp8hgcerh0q8w3gdyurl48q6s5nwv, nostr:npub1t6jxfqz9hv0lygn9thwndekuahwyxkgvycyscjrtauuw73gd5k7sqvksrw, nostr:npub1qe3e5wrvnsgpggtkytxteaqfprz0rgxr8c3l34kk3a9t7e2l3acslezefe, nostr:npub1guh5grefa7vkay4ps6udxg8lrqxg2kgr3qh9n4gduxut64nfxq0q9y6hjy, and others, for your work. Enriching Nostr’s long-form content ecosystem is crucial.

Nostriches Global Meet Ups

Recently, several Nostr events have been hosted in different countries. * Recently, YakiHonne collaborated with the Bitcoin Unical community to successfully host a Nostr Workshop, attracting about 30 enthusiastic participants. The events not only provided a comprehensive introduction to the Nostr ecosystem and Bitcoin payments but also offered hands-on experiences with decentralized technologies through the YakiHonne platform.
YakiHonne Global Pizza Fest – Ho Chi Minh City Edition was held on May 30, 2025, from 11:30 AM to 1:00 PM at Pizza 4P’s in Thủ Thiêm, Vietnam.Co-hosted by BUIDL Station VN and Dora Factory, the event was part of the global Bitcoin Pizza Day celebration initiated by YakiHonne. Attendees enjoyed pizza, Bitcoin discussions, and community connection, celebrating the decentralized spirit with local builders and enthusiasts. * The Bitcoin 2025 Conference* took place from May 26–29 at the Venetian Expo in Las Vegas, where the Nostr community hosted a series of vibrant events centered around the Nostr Lounge. Supported by the Human Rights Foundation, the Lounge became a hub for demos, lightning talks, onboarding, and meaningful conversations—away from the main hall’s noise. Nostr also delivered two main stage talks,

nostr:npub1s9etjgzjglwlaxdhsveq0qksxyh6xpdpn8ajh69ruetrug957r3qpklxzl, nostr:npub1g53mukxnjkcmr94fhryzkqutdz2ukq4ks0gvy5af25rgmwsl4ngq43drvk, nostr:npub1a2cww4kn9wqte4ry70vyfwqyqvpswksna27rtxd8vty6c74era8sdcw83a, nostr:npub18ams6ewn5aj2n3wt2qawzglx9mr4nzksxhvrdc4gzrecw7n5tvjqctp424, nostr:npub1zga04e73s7ard4kaektaha9vckdwll3y8auztyhl3uj764ua7vrqc7ppvc, nostr:npub1spdnfacgsd7lk0nlqkq443tkq4jx9z6c6ksvaquuewmw7d3qltpslcq6j7, nostr:npub1yaul8k059377u9lsu67de7y637w4jtgeuwcmh5n7788l6xnlnrgs3tvjmf, nostr:npub1a6c3jcdj23ptzcuflek8a04f4hc2cdkat95pd6n3r8jjrwyzrw0q43lfrr, focusing on multisig key management and the future of decentralized social media, showcasing open-source momentum in the heart of fiat land. * Africa Bitcoin Day – Kenya was held on May 31st, 2025 (Saturday), from 2:00 PM to 6:00 PM at Nairobi Street Kitchen.Co-hosted by AfroBitcoinOrg and local communities, the event returned following the great success of last year. It brought together developers, tech entrepreneurs, policymakers, and grassroots organizers to build, connect, and learn around Bitcoin and open technologies.

Here is the upcoming Nostr event that you might want to check out.

• BTC Prague 2025 is the largest and most influential Bitcoin-only conference in Europe. It will take place from June 19 to 21, 2025, at PVA Expo Praha in Prague, Czech Republic. The event is expected to attract over 10,000 attendees from around the world, including entrepreneurs, developers, investors, and educators. The conference will feature more than 200 speakers from various sectors of the global Bitcoin ecosystem,

nostr:npub14gm6rq7rkw56cd08aa4k5tvjnepqnxm4xvc535wj0wyjxlgrfa8sqdgv87 nostr:npub1dg6es53r3hys9tk3n7aldgz4lx4ly8qu4zg468zwyl6smuhjjrvsnhsguz nostr:npub1ymgefd46k55yfwph8tdlxur573puastaqdmxff4vj20xj0uh3p2s06k8d5 nostr:npub1jt97tpsul3fp8hvf7zn0vzzysmu9umcrel4hpgflg4vnsytyxwuqt8la9y nostr:npub1dtgg8yk3h23ldlm6jsy79tz723p4sun9mz62tqwxqe7c363szkzqm8up6m nostr:npub1g53mukxnjkcmr94fhryzkqutdz2ukq4ks0gvy5af25rgmwsl4ngq43drvk nostr:npub16c0nh3dnadzqpm76uctf5hqhe2lny344zsmpm6feee9p5rdxaa9q586nvr and more. In addition to the main program, several side events will be held, such as Developer Hack Days, Cypherpunk gatherings, and Women in Bitcoin initiatives. * BitDevs: Nostr Wallet Connect Presentation will take place on Wednesday, June 18, 2025, at the Pittsburgh Technology Council, with an option for online participation. Organized by BitDevs Pittsburgh, the event features nostr:npub1ce7d8cdg8k49dnl3da34mvhah8kevxfsq2vdguq6trngapqfsdzsnv3d7m from Presidio Bitcoin, who will present his latest work on integrating Nostr Wallet Connect.

Thanks for reading! If there’s anything I missed, feel free to reach out and help improve the completeness and accuracy of my coverage.

@ 9ca447d2:fbf5a36d

When Richard Scotford moved to Costa Rica in 2018, he had no idea he would become a key figure in a thriving Bitcoin economy.

A longtime Bitcoin holder who initially saw it through the lens of speculation, Scotford’s journey led him to embrace Bitcoin’s deeper purpose and spearhead Bitcoin Jungle — a grassroots movement bringing real-world Bitcoin adoption to Costa Rica.

Bitcoin circular economies create holistic value for Bitcoiners

Bitcoin Jungle is inspired by Bitcoin Beach in El Salvador but uniquely adapted to Costa Rica’s economic landscape. Unlike El Salvador, where Bitcoin was positioned as a tool for financial inclusion, Costa Rica already has a fairly stable banking system.

The real issue? The friction of moving money. Expats, business owners, and tourists struggle with high fees, banking red tape, and slow transactions. Bitcoin helped solve a lot of these problems.

The Birth of Bitcoin Jungle

Scotford and his team launched Bitcoin Jungle in late 2021 with a simple goal: get bitcoin into people’s hands and make it usable. However, there was one challenge — he had no technical background.

Determined to create a circular bitcoin economy, Scotford networked aggressively. He attended the first Adopting Bitcoin conference in El Salvador, approaching strangers with his vision:

“I was just walking around trying to find people who could help me make this economy, going up to random people saying ‘Hey, what can you do? We’re trying to make a circular economy in Costa Rica, can you help us?’ They all thought I was crazy.”

The breakthrough came when he turned to Bitcoin Twitter. Nicolas Burtey from Galoy encouraged him to create a wallet, and developer Lee Salminen forked the Bitcoin Beach wallet for their project. 

“Within two weeks of Adopting Bitcoin, Lee forked the Galoy Bitcoin Beach wallet, which took Galoy by surprise. Even though they made their wallet to be forked if necessary, I don’t think they were expecting people to do it so fast and, I’d like to say, so well. They were like, ‘Okay, cool, who are these guys doing this?’”

Finally Bitcoin Jungle had its own working wallet, surprising even the Galoy team with the speed of execution.

Grassroots Adoption: One Vendor at a Time

How do you build a bitcoin economy from scratch? Scotford’s answer was simple: start at the farmers’ markets.

“We were like, okay, we’re going to get all the bespoke niche market sellers who are in this area. We have all these beautiful farmers markets, and we decided to approach these people first,” Scotford explained.

His team took a strategic approach, targeting market gatekeepers first.

“If you want to talk to every individual person, it’s really difficult. But if you can talk to the person who is the owner of the market, and then they can introduce you to their market stores, you’re already halfway there.”

Going stall by stall, they pitched Bitcoin’s advantages — no bank fees and better payment options. But adoption didn’t happen overnight, so Bitcoin Jungle initially offered a safety net — vendors could cash out at the end of the day.

“We would say to the vendors, ‘Look, accept bitcoin, and at the end of the day, if you don’t want to keep the bitcoin, we’ll buy it off you,’” Scotford recalled.

“When we first started, maybe 30–40% of the vendors were cashing up every day or at the weekends. Lee would be walking around with big fistfuls of money, cashing out vendors.”

But over time, something shifted — they started keeping their bitcoin.

“Eventually, the vendors started to learn themselves that, ‘Oh, actually it’s better to keep it.’ They would then pay for their tables in the markets using bitcoin. They thought, ‘Well, I don’t want to keep this bitcoin, I don’t really know what to do with it, but I can pay for my table.’ So there, the circular economy starts to happen.”

Today, Bitcoin Jungle runs with minimal intervention, and Scotford takes pride in their reliability.

“When you come here to Costa Rica, what we really pride ourselves on is that if someone says they accept bitcoin, 99% of the time, they will. And if they’re part of Bitcoin Jungle, they will 100% accept bitcoin and you will have a fluid experience with it.”

By mid-summer 2024 over 380 locations in Costa Rica accepted bitcoin

The Bitcoin Jungle Wallet and Real Usage

Bitcoin Jungle is an open-source community project built on the Bitcoin Lightning Network.

Acting as a community bank, the project processes a large number of transactions daily. To encourage proper security practices, Scotford’s team alerts their peers, reminding users to move their bitcoin to cold storage.

“If you’ve got too much bitcoin on your wallet, we send you a message telling you to move it to cold storage,” he explained. For larger businesses, they even offer hands-on assistance to secure funds properly.

Unlike the HODL-only philosophy that many Bitcoiners advocate, Bitcoin Jungle encourages spending.

“Michael Saylor says don’t spend your bitcoin. We say the opposite,” Scotford laughed. “We’re the antithesis of that. You need to spend it.”

Bitcoin Jungle’s Unique Approach to Costa Rica

Bitcoin Jungle isn’t just another Bitcoin adoption effort; it’s tailored to Costa Rica’s economy. The wallet operates in Costa Rican colónes, making transactions feel familiar to residents while ensuring tourists and expats can still interact easily.

The team has also introduced low-fee bitcoin ATMs, point-of-sale integrations, and partnerships that allow users to pay in bitcoin while the recipient receives local currency.

A major breakthrough came when Francis Pouliot from Bull Bitcoin joined forces with Bitcoin Jungle, bringing his expertise in banking infrastructure to the project.

This collaboration enabled seamless bitcoin payments that integrate directly with Costa Rica’s financial system, allowing users to pay anyone, even businesses that don’t directly accept bitcoin, while the recipient receives funds in colónes or dollars.

“I can go to a hardware store, order steel for my new basketball court, pay in bitcoin, and the store gets dollars,” Scotford said. “For a non-tech guy like me, it’s magical.”

Why Aren’t There More Bitcoin Jungles?

Scotford sees an opportunity for more localized bitcoin economies.

“There should be a Bitcoin Harbor, a Bitcoin Mountain, a Bitcoin Driveway,” he joked. “But instead of waiting for permission or corporate funding, people need to take action themselves.”

He emphasizes that building a circular bitcoin economy doesn’t require deep pockets. “I probably gave away $600 worth of bitcoin when we started — just $3 here, $4 there — to get people using it.”

The Future of Bitcoin Jungle

Bitcoin Jungle continues to grow, recently hosting events like the Bitcoin Freedom Festival and integrating bitcoin into community projects, including a school where tuition can be paid in bitcoin.

“The institutions have come in, but the grassroots projects haven’t caught up,” Scotford observed. “It’s time for people to stop sitting on their hands and start building.”

Bitcoin is permissionless, no one has to wait for approval to start using it. Bitcoin Jungle proves that with vision and persistence, anyone can build a thriving Bitcoin economy, one market stall at a time.

Get the latest from Bitcoin Jungle: follow them on X

@ 79be667e:16f81798

Zonneschijn\ Stralen, lachen, zo fijn\ Moge de wereld dankbaar zijn

De vrouw, mijn gevoeligheid\ Bron van creativiteit

Genietend niets doen in het gras\ Met wat brood en wat wijn in het glas

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

Her work explores the intersection of tradition and innovation in wheel-thrown ceramics. Rooted in time-honored techniques, she push the boundaries of clay’s structural possibilities—incorporating hollow tubes, flat rings, curves, and trimmed ridges to create forms that feel both organic and futuristic. These experimental designs challenge gravity and balance, evoking a space-age aesthetic while remaining deeply connected to the tactile nature of craft.

Discover Dara's work at https://www.daraschuman.com/pages/2024

https://stacker.news/items/1004131

@ 8d5ba92c:c6c3ecd5

Over the years, I’ve hit many different Bitcoin events across Europe, recently LATAM and Asia too. Small local meetups, bigger gatherings, mid-sized and large conferences, as well as cultural festivals like the one just held in Warsaw, Poland, Bitcoin FilmFest (aka BFF25, which I also co-run).

With probably an average of 7-10 gatherings a year, it’s a lot for some, not enough for others. For me, it’s a learning process hunting signal: real people, real ideas, real talks. In a way, Proof of Work—joining these events takes time and energy, it too yields the results—new connections, collaborations, or even just further steps toward our sovereign lives, meeting after meeting, just like adding a block to the chain.

When choosing a new place to join, location and program are important, almost equal, but what matters most is the overall theme and the vibe it creates with the ‘crowd’. Almost a paranormal synergy of what organizers bring and what attendees add with their presence.

May-June 2025...

First, culture without chains. Then privacy, tech, and cypher action. Still buzzing from BFF25, just a week later, a bit tired but stoked, I managed to take a 3-hour flight from Poland to Spain.

Worth it? Absolutely! Why? Continue reading to figure out.

BCC8333. Let’s first break down the name.

Barcelona Cyphers Conference, with “8333” referring to the port Bitcoin nodes use to sync the timechain in a decentralized network. Well, BCC8333 promised substance, not just empty fluff, from the very start. Honestly, I wouldn’t even call it a 'conference' but a high-signal, well-structured meetup of maybe 150-200 individuals. No influencers, no VIP rooms. No hype, no pressure.

Unleashing Decentralized Freedom.

Held at Palau Dalmases, a 17th-century palace in Barcelona’s Born district, the venue was pure magic. Its courtyard, with stair rails carved with mythological scenes, had an artistic, almost rebellious soul tied to its flamenco background (the venue officially hosts flamenco shows in the evenings). Not too big, not too small, it was just perfect for deep talks, hands-on workshops, signal-not-bullshit presentations, and real debates.

The courtyard, the heart of the venue, welcomed us with sunny weather and stylish décor, sparking some of the best daytime conversations I’ve had. The entire place, with its history and defiant spirit, felt ready for us to build something special. https://i.nostr.build/5CbApOqFnb8UoB0F.png

Organized by locals—Spanish Maxis with a cypherpunk soul—and attended by folks from across the globe, it was a perfect mix of knowledge and experiences. Deep discussions on tech, privacy, geo-politics, culture, communities, health, lifestyle, and philosophy. Precious moments with familiar faces or new ones, all working on very interesting projects. Fact: smaller crowd let you dive deep into talks and build genuine connections.

The program was thoughtfully structured. Intense sessions balanced with space to breathe, think, talk, and eat.

(Note: BCC8333, smack in the heart of Barcelona, meant plenty of nearby dining options despite tourist crowds and occasional long lines for top tapas bars. Breaks were long enough, so you could savor decent meals while enjoying the 5-10 minute walk here or there with other attendees. Could you pay in SATs everywhere? Not really, not outside the venue. But let’s be realistic: in a group of Bitcoiners, there’s always a way to use SATs, swapping fiat with others who’ll need it sooner or later. Win-win. Personally, I find these scenarios even better—Bitcoiners roaming the city for days, asking ‘Can I pay in bitcoin?’ again and again, spread a message stronger than just a group of us closed off at the venue doing our own thing. Moving around and repeating the same question will sooner or later inspire new places to take Bitcoin payments seriously. FYI: at one dinner, a delicious Brazilian steakhouse, we convinced a waiter to download a Lightning wallet, accept his tips in SATs, and vow to dig deeper into Bitcoin and Nostr in the coming days.)

Back To The Event and Its Agenda.

Practical workshops, sharp presentations, and real debates (sadly, still too rare in the space) covered topics like privacy, nodes, wallets, Bitaxe miners, and Nostr. Crucial stuff to forge the sovereign life.

https://i.nostr.build/PvD1bDKr9qQ87Mr5.png

- My personal highlights?

Friday’s sessions on the history and future of cypherpunks (Spanish / English, with Alfre Mancera, Entropy, Bebop, Max Hillebrand, and Begleri); Miniscripts Roundtable-Discussion (English, with Edouard from Liana, Landabaso from Rewind, Francesco from BitVault, Yuri da Silva from Great Wall); Self-Sufficient Houses (English with Matthew Prosser); and the debate on Op_return (English, with Peter Todd; Unhosted Marcellus, and Lunaticoin).

I couldn’t catch everything—too busy in hallway chats connecting dots from the past to the present for a stronger future ;) … Luckily, the main stage sessions were recorded by the organizers (follow Nostr: BCC833, with extra interviews/coverage done by Juan Cienfuegos (BitCorner Podcast). Sure, all of it will drop online soon.

https://i.nostr.build/lNppYMtEtz8DGNhi.png

- What left me in awe?

Pure, unfiltered signal.

First, the Spanish Bitcoin scene is a force. Well-organized, connected, decentralized but acting as one when needed. People relentlessly focused on building, not just talking. BCC8333 was proof.

Second, the fusion of ideas is remarkable; the power of plebs putting them into practice moves the world forward. Just as Bitcoin doesn’t need a CEO, Bitcoiners don’t need typical trendsetters or idols. Case by case, we verify truth ourselves, like nodes in a network, organically building, improving, brainstorming, discussing—not on flashy stages or in cold expo hangars, but in dynamic meetups like this one.

Third, the tribe. Don’t get me wrong, even with thousands of attendees, you can find your people if you try. But with a few hundred, free of overwhelming noise and far too many folks rushing around, you don’t miss the most valuable chats. BCC8333 was no different. I met and re-met my soulmates. The tribe you laugh with, but also work hard with when needed. Simply put: people who share the cypherpunk fire. Sovereignty and hands-on freedom.

- Bonus stuff?

Though the topics were serious (and important), the vibe still had plenty of fun. Barcelona’s nightlife was a great playground, but the organizers also brought joy right to the venue itself. https://i.nostr.build/ahJsprpg1d4qHFtV.png

Examples: Both days with Chain Duel to play in the courtyard and later a big-screen tournament, were cool to watch and join. Saturday’s concert by Roger 9000, with all of us shouting, “Tick tock, next block, it don’t stop. The love of freedom, it don’t stop!” to his energetic beats, made those moments truly spectacular.

Wrapping Up.

BCC8333 stands apart. As the title says, it was truly the event ‘Where Cypherpunk Spirit Forges Sovereign Minds.’ Cheers to the organizers, contributors, volunteers, and attendees! Those past few days in Barcelona were solid proof we’re keeping Bitcoin’s ethos alive—a strong case that it’s not about “going to the moon” but staying free on the ground.

Thank YOU!

---

BTC Your Mind. Let it Beat.

Şela

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Bitwise Debuts First Ever GameStop Covered Call ETF

Today, Bitwise Asset Management announced the launch of the Bitwise GME Option Income Strategy ETF (IGME), the first-ever covered call ETF centered around GameStop (GME). The fund arrives at a moment where GameStop recently made headlines for its $500 million Bitcoin treasury strategy.

GameStop is embracing bitcoin; we built an income-generating ETF designed to capture that hype and turn it into yield.

Introducing $IGME: The first option income ETF capitalizing on investor interest in @gamestop and their adoption of bitcoin as a treasury asset.

As the fourth… pic.twitter.com/EHaXX9PK7X

— Bitwise (@BitwiseInvest) June 10, 2025

Led by Bitwise’s Head of Alpha Strategies Jeff Park, IGME is the latest addition to Bitwise’s rapidly expanding suite of option income ETFs. The actively managed fund is designed to generate income through a covered call strategy while offering investors exposure to GameStop, a company that has transformed from mall retailer to a key player in the digital asset conversation. 

“IGME is the first covered call strategy built around GameStop, a stock whose historic volatility and growth potential make it a strong fit for this approach,” said Park. “With IGME, investors now have access to an option income ETF based on an equity that sits at the intersection of retail investor popularity, a traditional revenue-generating business, and digital asset adoption.”

GameStop recently disclosed that it holds 4,710 Bitcoin, worth over $500 million at the time of purchase, positioning it among the growing list of public companies making Bitcoin a core treasury component. As of March 31, 2025, over 79 public companies hold a collective $57 billion in Bitcoin—a 159% increase from the previous year, according to Bitcoin Asset Management.

IGME follows the launch of Bitwise’s other option income ETFs, including IMST (Strategy), ICOI (Coinbase), and IMRA (Marathon Digital Holdings). These ETFs aim to deliver monthly income through synthetic covered call strategies that leverage options rather than direct equity holdings. 

“At Bitwise, our mission is to help investors gain access to the full range of opportunities emerging in crypto,” said Bitwise CEO Hunter Horsley. “We’re excited to add IGME to our suite of option income ETFs to help investors capitalize on the volatility of companies in the space.”

IGME plans to announce its first monthly distribution on July 24 and carries an expense ratio of 0.98%.  

This post Bitwise Debuts First Ever GameStop Covered Call ETF first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.

@ f0fd6902:a2fbaaab

Highlights Day 2 - Lexus Trestles Pro Presented by Outerknown 2025:

https://yewtu.be/watch?v=b7qhWvPpMCY

Full Day 2 - Lexus Trestles Pro Presented by Outerknown 2025:

https://yewtu.be/watch?v=uxwWJTCWW1Y

Results Women (Round 16 & Quarter Final) and Men (Round 16)

Source: https://www.worldsurfleague.com/posts/538099/its-on-finals-day-of-the-trestles-pro?roundId=24857&statEventId=4784

https://stacker.news/items/1004308

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

Love, I thank you for your warmth\ Ever lifting

You keep me charmed\ Ever drifting

May I be me\ And you be you

In a perfect harmony\ Embracing all life makes us grow through

@ c1a49d62:3ef55468

IoT chips serve as the foundational semiconductor components that enable connectivity, data processing, and communication in devices ranging from smart thermostats to industrial sensors. These microcontrollers, system-on-chips (SoCs), and application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) offer low power consumption, compact form factors, and robust security features, making them essential for Internet of Things ecosystems. As industries pursue digital transformation, the need for high-performance IoT chips that can handle real-time analytics, edge computing, and seamless interoperability has surged. IoT Chips Market Advantages such as integrated wireless protocols (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, LoRaWAN), enhanced energy efficiency, and customizable silicon solutions address critical market challenges like device longevity and data integrity. Manufacturers leverage advanced process nodes and AI accelerators to deliver chips with superior throughput while minimizing thermal footprints. Continuous innovations in semiconductor design, coupled with growing market opportunities in smart cities, automotive telematics, and healthcare monitoring, underscore the strategic importance of these components. As enterprises seek to optimize operations and reduce costs through predictive maintenance and remote monitoring, demand for versatile IoT chipsets continues to rise. The IoT chips market is estimated to be valued at USD 620.36 Bn in 2025 and is expected to reach USD 1415.005 Bn by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 15.00% from 2025 to 2032.

@ 5ea46480:450da5bd

The objective web represents how we currently experience internet platforms. It functions primarily through centralized instances or platforms delivering shared information and statuses. These centralized platforms produce coherent views of reality based on standardized metrics such as trending content, view counts, likes, and aggregated user comments. This framework creates a single shared, authoritative depiction of the world, leading people to consume a shared interpretation of events. The objective web, therefore, becomes a centralized authority or source of truth, determining what is relevant, credible, and noteworthy. The presentation of a singular standard can also be extrapolated to concepts like Google's search rankings, user ratings on Uber, or Wikipedia's attempt at an objective encyclopedia. Though they differ in rigidity, each of these structures tries to deliver a consensus version of reality. Note that the argument is not that these platforms are objective, but they beget de facto objectivity, simply as a result of everyone deferring their subjectivity to the same entity.

This singular, consistency-based approach is increasingly failing. The objective web is under severe strain as diverse groups increasingly disagree about policies, representation, truth claims, and even basic shared facts. These difficulties become glaringly evident when considering disruptive technological changes, especially artificial intelligence-generated content and bots. The ability of platforms to consistently moderate and curate trustworthy information for all users quickly diminishes. The nature of centralized authorities means they're facing dedicated, scalable attacks. This creates an environment saturated with distrust and compromise. This approach is inherently unstable and is gradually collapsing amid internal contradictions and external pressures.

In sharp contrast, Nostr proposes the subjective web. The subjective web decouples individuals from standardized, centralized interpretive structures. Rather than relying on platforms or centralized systems to filter and interpret 'the internet', people individually decide how to interpret and judge the information and content they're exposed to. Subjectivity here is about personal judgment, local decision-making, and contextually flexible interpretations rather than universal coherence. This approach shifts the interpretative responsibility away from centralized authorities or algorithms and onto individuals and their personal networks.

This subjectivity is not limited to content but extends to the personal methods of interpreting information and people, using any variety of tools available—including algorithmic analysis, AI interpretation, or simple social-relationship analyses. In doing so, the subjective web becomes far tougher for malicious actors to compromise because attacks must be tailored to unique personal environments and rely upon infiltrating individual interpretations and decision-processes. In other words, infiltration tactics that might be successful on a centralized system become incredibly difficult when everyone is forming their own subjective reality.

Subjective realities are robust against generalized or mass attacks due to their inherently private and personalized nature. To effectively corrupt or hack these subjective webs, attackers must conduct sophisticated infiltration attacks tailored to each user specifically. Even then, attackers face significant obstacles in gathering precise information about a user's personal judgment process and inner interpretations, which remain fundamentally private and contextual. Users can easily retreat into their own trusted, locally built social circles or community ties, rather than having their trust networks limited to centralized authority structures.

This resilience relies on leveraging "webs of trust"—interconnected user relationships based on personal experiences and connections formed in the real world, rather than purely online interactions. This brings an important point: the subjective web fundamentally grounds trust on physical experience, minimizing large-scale vulnerabilities. Users maintain independent trust networks built through real-world interactions and institutions such as churches, sports-clubs, local community groups etc.. While these connections remain scalable and somewhat institutionally structured, they're significantly less susceptible to widespread digital manipulation and infiltrations. Additionally, since these trust webs are numerous, diversified, and individually tailored, single points of centralized failure are rare, and users can reconstruct trust if compromised.

Another significant is timestamping. Timestamping content offers a fundamental layer of objective verification within subjective systems, preventing after-the-fact manipulation. When timestamping is properly implemented, retrospective attacks (i.e., creating detailed fake environments designed to fool a person once that user is already engaging a particular environment) become practically impossible. For effective infiltration, attackers need established identities with consistent historical proof—meaning maintaining long-standing fraudulent identities across long periods—something more costly to scale in terms of effort, resources, and commitment.

While the subjective web represents a fundamentally decentralized and resilient structure, users naturally desire objective anchoring points at times. Users can incorporate ‘objective’ points but do so as part of a broader array of personalized, contextual interpretations rather than centrally imposed, universally agreed-upon concepts. Thus, objective systems in the subjective web landscape exist merely as subjective information sources rather than authoritative interpretations. The difference here lies in acknowledging their inherent subjectivity, rather than attempting to impose a façade of universal, authoritative objectivity.

The subjective web isn't merely a theoretical ideal or preference—it represents an unavoidable future. Signs already suggest the current centralized, authoritative, coherence-driven internet model is fundamentally crumbling, torn apart by emerging contradictions, trust collapses, polarization, disagreements, and attacks. Centralized authorities increasingly limit openness or transparency as defense mechanisms, fundamentally compromising the advantages that made the internet powerful in the first place.

By contrast, transitioning toward a subjective web reduces these dilemmas and opens spaces of autonomy and interpretations suited to diverse and individual user needs. Unlike centralized systems, subjective webs limit the risks of digital manipulation, mass misinformation campaigns, censorship, narrative control, and network lockdown. Each individual retains robust networks of trust and personal interpretations, inherently preventing large-scale coordinated misinformation campaigns simply by maintaining diversity and individuality.

Embracing subjective web approaches with Nostr naturally offers a practical, resilient way forward as centralized platforms collapse under their own contradictions. Subjective webs inherently maintain the openness of early internet freedom while also offering individuals trustworthy, personalized interpretative environments. Ultimately, the collapse of objective web coherent structures may be inevitable. In recognizing this inevitability, embracing decentralized, individual-focused subjective web systems represents a practical method to reassert personal autonomy, interpretation freedom, resilience against manipulation, scalable infiltration attacks, centralized censorship attempts, and trust compromises.

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

Ik hou van de natuur en van verbinding maken\ Van diepgang en van mensen raken

Van creatief schrijven en programmeren\ Van speels bewegen en nieuwe dingen leren

Ik hou van leven en van dromen\ En van mensen zien\ Hun diepste wensen uit doen komen

@ a296b972:e5a7a2e8

Wie weit ist es noch her mit Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit?

Wie weit sind diese wunderbaren Begriffe schon von Spaltung, Willkür und Bevormundung verdrängt worden?

Ein Land, dessen Werte aus dem Ruder gelaufen sind. Regiert von Teflonauten. Teflonauten? Das sind die, die sich vor Eintritt in die Politik in einem Fass Teflon-Lack haben taufen lassen, damit alle Vernunft an ihnen abperlt.

Für Deutschland gehen die Superlative aus, die den Gesamtzustand eines Staates beschreiben könnten, der in jeder Hinsicht aus den Fugen geraten ist. Wie in einem vorangegangenen Kommentar zu einem anderen Thema zu lesen war, die Satiriker werden langsam arbeitslos, weil die Realität alles überbietet.

Eine unsägliche Riege von Politikern demontiert eine Demokratie, die bis 2019 wenigstens noch einigermaßen erträglich funktioniert hat. Man hatte noch das Gefühl, man wird weitgehend in Ruhe gelassen.

Mit dem Corona-Ereignis wurde die Büchse der Pandora geöffnet. Seitdem fließen totalitäre Elemente in die Demokratie ein. Wer darauf hinweist, läuft Gefahr, es mit der vom Souverän gekaperten Macht zu tun zu bekommen.

Für die, die gegen die Bevölkerungsverdummung immun sind, wird es zunehmend unerträglicher, doch – da müssen wir durch.

Es ist gut, dass all die Machenschaften, die die Deutschen sonst nicht mitbekommen haben, allendhalben hier und da mal ein Skandälchen, ans Tageslicht kommen.

Es ist gut, dass es so offensichtlich ist, dass die dicksten Klopse, die sich die sogenannten Politiker erlauben, nicht den geringsten Anlass dazu geben, zurückzutreten. Vorbei die Zeiten, in den schon viel kleinere Vergehen, einen Politiker dazu genötigt haben. Es ist gut, weil so klar wird, dass das politische Gewissen nur noch im Museum besichtigt werden kann. Irgendwann versteht das auch noch der Letzte im hintersten Winkel des besten Deutschlands aller Zeiten.

Die Inkompetenz ist überall sichtbar, durch die, die unfähig sind, ihre Machenschaften zu verbergen.

Läppisch geschnitzte Pfeifen geben sich als wohlgestimmte Orgel aus und meinen, es gäbe niemanden, der die Kakophonie hören würde. Ein schräges Blockflöten-Konzert wird zum Musikgenuss hochstilisiert, von Leuten, die ständig ihren Notenschlüssel verlegen und dadurch nicht mehr in den Raum der Vernunft kommen.

Die Menschen in Deutschland haben sich aufgeteilt in die, die von all dem nichts wissen wollen und sich einreden, es sei doch alles in Ordnung. Für die, die sich brav ihre tägliche Gehirnwäsche in den inzwischen für die Qualität ihrer Propaganda bekannten Medien abholen, das sind noch rund 60%, gibt es keine Einschränkung der Meinungsfreiheit. Rund 40%, die der Meinung sind, dass man in Deutschland seine Meinung nicht mehr frei äußern kann, sind noch viel zu wenig! Für immer noch zu viele ist J. D. Vance ein Verschwörungstheoretiker, der die Sicherheitskonferenz in München dazu missbraucht hat, seine kruden Ansichten zu verbreiten.

Und dann gibt es die, die mitbekommen, was in Deutschland los ist. Die werden oft erschlagen von den Verstrickungen, Irrungen und Wirrungen, die sich immer mehr zeigen und immer dreister als Selbstverständlichkeit, als das Normalste von der Welt postuliert werden. Für die ist der gesundheitliche Zustand der deutschen Demokratie immer mehr ein Dauerpatient auf der Intensivstation.

Realitätsfremde Energiepolitik, Nordstream kaputt, gut so, kein Interesse an einer Wiederinbetriebnahme;

rückläufige Wirtschaft, zunehmende Firmenpleiten, Abwanderung von Unternehmen;

eklatante Steuergeldverbrennung, Northvolt in die Grütze gefahren, Maskendeals, zur Belohnung das nächste Pöstchen;

einseitige, weglassende Hofberichterstattung mit dem Hang zu Amnäsie;

fragwürdige Gerichtsurteile; Schauprozesse gegen Ballweg, Füllmich und viele andere, Masken, Atteste, Strafzahlungen, Majestätsbeleidigung etc. etc. etc..

Gewalt und Tod durch Messerfachkräfte, es sind ja die Messer, nicht die Menschen, die sie in der Hand haben, transparenter Aufklärungsrückstau;

intellektuelle Beleidigungen durch Schönrederei, man glaubt, die anderen sind noch dümmer als man selbst;

existenzbedrohende Kontenkündigungen, wir machen dich fertig;

politischer Dummschwätz, Wiederholungen, Wiederholungen, Wiederholungen;

Einzug totalitärer Strukturen, wer die Augen aufmacht, sieht sie;

infantile Repräsentanz Deutschlands im Ausland, Abwesenheit von Diplomatie;

Aufstachelung der Bürger, damit sie ja schön kriegsgeil werden, siehe auch Dummschwätz;

Angstpornos, bei ständigem Einlass in Kino 7;

lächerliche Preisverleihungen, armutsfördernde Preiserhöhungen;

zunehmendes Misstrauen gegenüber der eigenen Bevölkerung, der Feind im eigenen Land;

Bevormundung, betreutes Denken, Fühlen, Wollen;

bedrohlich zunehmende Überwachungsanstrengungen, digitale Identität, die als Sicherheit verkauft wird, jedoch nichts anderes ist, als der Versuch der Einrichtung eines Überwachungs-Kontroll-Systems;

nichts, aber auch rein gar nichts hat Konsequenzen, die dazu führen, dass die Verantwortlichen zum Sandkornzählen in die Wüste geschickt werden, damit sie den Rest ihres Lebens beschäftigt sind und kein Unheil mehr anrichten können.

Unaufhaltsam rast der Personal-Zug Deutschland, überfüllt mit Fahrgästen, die meinen, Trump ist verrückt und Putin ist die Personifizierung des Bösen, gezogen von einer mit heißer Luft betriebenen Lok, die von Heizern befeuert wird, die den Kessel unentwegt  mit Angst und Wahnsinn schüren, auf den Berg aus Granit zu, der unweigerlich eine Katastrophe für die Demokratie von ungeahntem Ausmaß verursachen wird. Ständig wird die Strecke künstlich verlängert, indem neue Schienen und Schleifen hinzugefügt werden, statt den Zug rechtzeitig noch zum Halten zu bringen. Die Geschwindigkeit ist inzwischen schon so hoch, dass selbst der Geist, der zu Pfingsten ja ausgeschüttet wird, niemanden mehr erreicht.

Deutschland ist in der Hand von ideologisch vergifteten Versagern zweiter und letzter Wahl und einer verschworenen Gemeinschaft von Universal-Dilettanten, die den Untergang der freiheitlich-demokratischen Grundordnung fest im Zangengriff haben und keinerlei Anstalten machen, diesen wieder lösen zu wollen.

Das Land der Denker und Dichter geht vor die Hunde. Freiheitlich, wirtschaftlich, gesellschaftlich, politisch, rechtlich. Um die Manege sitzen immer noch viel zu viele sogenannte Bürger, die Beifall klatschen, oder sich zumindest einreden, es sei doch weitgehend alles in Ordnung. Bravo! Es ist so unglaublich unterhaltend, sich nach Strich und Faden an der Nase herumführen zu lassen.

Und die, die die Kraft haben, auf diesen Wahnsinn hinzuschauen, die wissen gar nicht, was sie zuerst tun sollen: Heulen, schreien, verzweifelt sein, unentwegt mit dem Kopf schütteln, dagegen anschreiben, wachrütteln, flüchten oder dableiben, sich in Sicherheit bringen?

Die Demokratie und Rechtsstaatlichkeit sind von „Demokraten“ gekidnappt worden, die behaupten, sie würden sie verteidigen. Dabei geht es ausschließlich nur um deren Machterhalt und die Besitzstandswahrung ihrer erbärmlichen Pöstchen, mit einer weiteren Diätenerhöhung von rund 600 Euro im Juli 2025. Deutschland ist zu einem drittklassigen Selbstbedienungsladen verkommen, und es wird unentwegt in die Kasse gegriffen, solange noch was zu holen ist. Und damit das auch noch eine Zeit lang so weitergehen kann, wird Luftgeld produziert und als Sondervermögen deklariert, und damit eine Hypothek geschaffen, die zukünftige Generationen niemals werden ausgleichen können.

Wie gelegen käme da ein Krieg, in dem all dieser menschengemachte Unsinn wertlos wird. Und ein Neuanfang danach wird dann als überragende politische Leistung verkauft, die zum Wohle des Volkes geschaffen wurde, damit ein neues Wirtschaftswunder möglich werden kann. Los, ran, wieder all das aufbauen, das Deppen zuvor in die Tonne gekloppt haben. Uns geht’s ja schon wieder so gut, wir wollen uns wirklich nicht beklagen. Wir haben ja von all dem nichts gewusst. Wir waren ja nur die Opfer einer fehlgeleiteten Politik. Was hätten wir denn tun können? So oder so ähnlich wird dann das eigene Gewissen wieder durch fadenscheinigen Selbstbetrug beruhigt.

Das ganze System stinkt zum Himmel. Unerträglicher Gestank nach Zersetzung und Verwesung, der uns als neuester Schrei der Parfum-Hersteller verkauft wird.

Man kann gar nicht so schnell schreiben, wie man sich aufregen möchte.

Das ist kein Ventil zum Ausdruck der unglaublichen Empörung. Das wäre zu einfach und bedeutungslos. Nein, mit jedem Wort und jedem Artikel und jedem neuen Abonnenten von pareto verbindet sich die Hoffnung, wieder jemanden zum Nachdenken anregen zu können. Damit die Zahl derjenigen, die die Demokratie verstanden haben, von Tag zu Tag größer wird. Damit sich von unten herauf eine geistige Kraft immer mehr entfaltet, die dieses impertinente Lügenkonstrukt zum Einstürzen bringt. Ein Leuchtfeuer muss ständig brennen, wenn Gefahr in Verzug ist. Wenn man so will, ist das Revolution, aber eine geistige und vor allem friedliche. Wenn immer mehr Menschen mutig verstehen, was in Deutschland abgeht, dann nagt das unermüdlich an den künstlich geschaffenen, unmenschlichen undemokratischen Strukturen, die den Stümpern die Macht rauben werden, damit dieses ganze Lügengebäude endlich implodieren kann.

Je lauter Delegitimierung geschrien wird, desto deutlicher tritt hervor, wer für die Delegitimierung der freiheitlich-demokratischen Grundordnung und die Aushöhlung des Grundgesetzes verantwortlich ist.

Deutschland kann nur wirklich in Richtung Souveränität gehen, wenn wir so weit gekommen sind, dass sich das deutsche Volk in freier Entscheidung eine Verfassung (gerne auf Grundlage des Grundgesetzes, das nach wie vor provisorischen Charakter hat) gegeben hat, in der Bürgerbeteiligung und Volksentscheide, gerne nach schweizerischem Vorbild, nicht nur zur Pflicht eines jeden Bürgers, sondern ganz selbstverständlich als notwendiger, alltäglicher Beitrag zur Demokratie fest in den Köpfen der Menschen verankert ist.

Gruß an das Amt für, aus Sicht des Bürgers, Fassungslosigkeit. Wenn ein leidenschaftliches Eintreten für Freiheit und Demokratie, durch berechtigte Kritik an den derzeitigen Verhältnissen, als rechts angesehen wird, dann ist der Autor gerne rechts. Eben ein rechter Demokrat, wie es sich gehört!

Vielleicht leidet der Autor auch an Demokratie-Tourette: Ihr Pfeifen, ihr Pfeifen, ihr Pfeifen! Was habt ihr nur aus unserem Land gemacht. Unserem, hört ihr, nicht eurem!

Der Autor hat fertig (jedenfalls für heute!), Deutschland leider auch.

“Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben.”

* *

(Bild von pixabay)

@ 79be667e:16f81798

Spontaniteit\ Creativiteit

Iets visueel of gewoon geluid\ Het moet eruit

Ik doe mezelf cadeau aan jou\ Omdat ik van het leven hou

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

Jaren tellen\ Hoeft voor mij niet

Verhalen vertellen\ Over geluk en verdriet

Een warme haven\ Veilig en fijn

Dromen voorgedragen\ Onschuldig en rein

Momenten ervaard, geleerd\ En geïntegreerd

Ideeën, geloven en gevoelens\ Gevormd en gecreëerd

Zonder eind of echt begin\ Vallen, groeien, leren, stoeien

Een gezin in een gezin met een gezin erin\ Gezind gericht blijft liefde vloeien

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Stripe Acquires Startup Privy To Expand Bitcoin Strategy

Today, Stripe Inc. announced that it has acquired Bitcoin and crypto wallet infrastructure provider Privy, marking its second major digital asset focused acquisition following its $1.1 billion purchase of stablecoin firm Bridge earlier this year.

1/ Today, we're proud to announce that Stripe is acquiring Privy.

We couldn’t be more excited.

Privy will continue as an independent product – but now we’ll move faster, ship more, and serve you even better, so you can stay focused on your users. pic.twitter.com/8CHJqhqYy7

— Privy (@privy_io) June 11, 2025

Privy specializes in helping companies embed Bitcoin and crypto wallets directly into their apps and websites. For example, NFT marketplace OpenSea uses Privy to streamline purchases by automatically generating wallets for users. This removes the need for external wallet setups through services like MetaMask or Coinbase.

“When we started, wallets were powerful but inaccessible for all but the most technical,” said the Co-founder and CEO of Privy Henri Stern in a statement. “Developers had to send users off-platform to get started, breaking flows and killing user conversion. That friction fundamentally constrained what could be built in crypto.”

Privy, based in New York, was founded by Henri Stern and Asta Li in 2021. Li was previously a founding engineer at Aurora, while Stern worked as a research scientist at web3 firm Protocol Labs. The startup has raised just over $40 million from investors including Ribbit Capital, Definition, and Coinbase Ventures, and was last valued at $230 million in March, according to PitchBook.

“We started Privy a little over three years ago to make it easy for any developer to build better products on crypto rails,” stated their announcement. “Whether crypto is core to your app or simply a new layer of functionality, a good crypto product should just feel like a good product, period. By making crypto usable, we help make it useful for everyone.”

The acquisition follows Stripe’s earlier purchase of Bridge which helped accelerate interest in digital assets. Earlier this year, Stripe introduced stablecoin funded accounts designed to help merchants store funds and make international payments using Circle’s USDC and Bridge’s USDB. Similar to Bridge, Privy will continue operating as a standalone product.

Privy will power over 75 million accounts and support more than 1,000 developer teams, enabling billions in transaction volume, according to the announcement. Clients include Hyperliquid, Blackbird, Toku, and Farcaster, all using Bitcoin and crypto infrastructure to build real-world products in areas like trading, payments, payroll, and social applications.

“With a unified platform, connecting Privy’s wallets to the money movement capabilities in Stripe and Bridge, we’re enormously excited to enable a new generation of global, Internet-native financial services,” stated the co-founder and CEO of Stripe Patrick Collison.

This post Stripe Acquires Startup Privy To Expand Bitcoin Strategy first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Oscar Zarraga Perez.

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

The CLARITY Act Heads To House Floor For Vote With Protection For Noncustodial Tools Intact

Yesterday, the CLARITY Act passed favorably through the House Agriculture and Financial Services Committees with 47-6 and 32-19 bipartisan votes, respectively.

While a handful of amendments will be incorporated into a revised version of the bill, none of said amendments will alter a recently-added section of the bill that regards noncustodial products and services.

To clarify, on Monday, language from the Blockchain Regulatory Certainty Act (BRCA) was added to the CLARITY Act.

If you do not custody consumer funds, you aren’t a money transmitter. Plain and simple.

Our nonpartisan Blockchain Regulatory Certainty Act, which codifies this simple concept, has been added to the CLARITY Act!

Grateful to @RepFrenchHill, @RepBryanSteil and @RepRitchie for… https://t.co/QmPdgUGSwo

— Tom Emmer (@GOPMajorityWhip) June 9, 2025

This language, included in Section 110 of the CLARITY Act, is focused on non-controlling (noncustodial) blockchain developers and blockchain service providers.

The exact wording in the bill is as follows: “A non-controlling blockchain developer or provider of a blockchain service shall not be treated as a money transmitter or as engaged in ‘money transmitting,’ or, following the date of enactment of this Act, be otherwise subject to any new registration requirement that is substantially similar to the requirement that currently applies to money transmitters.”

It was particularly important that this segment of the bill not be altered because, with this language included, the bill protects not only Bitcoin and crypto enthusiasts’ right to use noncustodial wallets, but the right of developers to continue to create such products and services without being subject to money-transmission laws as per the Bank Secrecy Act (BSA).

“Section 110 doesn’t just clarify that non-custodial devs aren’t captured by the BSA, but also forbids future laws and regulations (e.g. DAAMLA) that would modify or supersede the BSA to treat non-custodial actors as money transmitters or similar,” wrote Zack Shapiro, Head of Policy at the Bitcoin Policy Institute, in an X post. “If this passes, that means that anti-crypto zealots like Sen. Warren would first have to repeal [or] modify this bill before passing additional rules that would impinge on self-custody.”

This issue over whether noncustodial Bitcoin and crypto service providers is relevant as the Samourai Wallet and Tornado Cash developers prepare to face trial.

It’s also generally important in preserving the right of U.S. citizens to use digital assets privately.

Chairman of the House Subcommittee on Digital Assets, Financial Technology, and Artificial Intelligence, Rep. Bryan Steil (R-WI) commented on Americas’ right to transactional privacy in the hearing.

“Privacy in and of itself is not illegal.

Americans have a right to it in their financial transactions.

And so there’s totally legitimate uses of privacy-preserving technologies.” @RepBryanSteil pic.twitter.com/nHPfa25UVr

— Frank Corva (@frankcorva) June 10, 2025

To learn more about how to contact your elected officials to tell them to support The CLARITY Act, visit saveourwallets.org.

This post The CLARITY Act Heads To House Floor For Vote With Protection For Noncustodial Tools Intact first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Frank Corva.

@ b83a28b7:35919450

I posted on nostr last week that I had finally had enough of the fiat job and decided to take action:

nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpwp69zm7fewjp0vkp306adnzt7249ytxhz7mq3w5yc629u6er9zsqythwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnswf5k6ctv9ehx2ap0qyghwumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytnhd9hx2tcqyr604hwzr8vvluvp8y0s42gu4x0e725cetugnh7g293g9cggtpujww6vn8n

I'm going to document my journey from being in a well-established and well-paying fiat job into the unknown world of independent work in freedom tech in a series of articles. Will I end up finding something truly inspiring and fulfilling, while being able to support my family? We'll find out over the course of the next few weeks.

---

They say a watched pot never boils, but I’ve discovered a corollary: a watched lay-off never lands. It has now been ten full rotations of this curious planet since I politely asked my SVP to lay me off. The axe remains lodged somewhere in upper-management limbo, perhaps awaiting the proper ceremonial robe or a Procrustean bed that meets quarterly OKR standards.

While the paperwork drifts in the stratosphere, I’ve begun a quiet, delicious rebellion. My calendar, once a Tetris board stacked with 10–12 neon bricks of back-to-back calls, now resembles minimalist art: a single meeting block lounging at 11 a.m., sipping espresso and judging the empty white space around it. When unreasonable requests for road-maps, slide-decks, or seventeen-page AI vision statements arrive, I respond with the calm of a mountain lake: That timeline seems ambitious... shall we refine the scope? The sound you hear is the collective gasp of colleagues who thought the only acceptable answer was Yes, by yesterday.

With those reclaimed hours I’ve slipped into my mad-scientist lab (occasionally also known as sofa in the guest bedroom, or Orange Room) to experiment on MKStack. Imagine a Lego set for nostr clients, only the bricks are pure code and half the instructions are written in the margin of a philosophy book. I’m vibecoding away, torching roughly thirty thousand sats in compute every day as GPUs hum like distant Tibetan bowls. An accountant might call it reckless; I call it tuition for the University of Possibility.

The experiments are already bearing odd fruit. NosFabrica, the health-data-on-nostr project I started with nostr:nprofile1qy2hwumn8ghj7etyv4hzumn0wd68ytnvv9hxgqgdwaehxw309ahx7uewd3hkcqpqt8pwzkkhhs94e9acgw9jwca9csyl7a4tnpdttu05039um5j7d6xskflc8d and nostr:nprofile1qy88wumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmv9uq3qamnwvaz7tmwdaehgu3wd4hk6tcqyprqcf0xst760qet2tglytfay2e3wmvh9asdehpjztkceyh0s5r9cpvx58v is finally getting the attention it deserves. I've built out a simple prototype for a provider directory, that only lists providers with a "credential" issued by me. I'm polishing the app now, but hope to release it for testing in the next couple of weeks.

Most gratifying of all, I’ve traded status meetings for sideline cheers. My 14-yo son is sprinting toward his final exams and soccer playoffs simultaneously - Hegel might call it thesis and antithesis, I call it Tuesday. Instead of doom-scrolling Microsoft Teams during his matches, I’m barking out instructions to him to stay onside, while curbing my desire to manhandle the incompetent refs for not calling a penalty when he's clearly being roughhoused in the box by 190-lb defenders with neck beards and chest hair.

Here’s an unexpected twist: without the daily psychic smog of corporate urgency, the sky inside my skull has cleared. Ideas that once flickered like fireflies now glow with stadium lighting. I have sketched three chapters of the sequel to 24 (called July 18), and outlined a new creative project called A Muse Stochastic (coming soon). I don’t know which, if any, of these seedlings will grow, but the soil finally feels fertile again.

Do I worry about the math? Of course. The household budget once kept afloat by a predictable salary will soon meet the iceberg of reality. Yet the anxiety is strangely weightless, as though the fear itself got furloughed. Maybe it’s naïveté, maybe faith; either way, the net I cannot see is starting to feel palpable beneath my feet.

Ten days in, the lessons are already crystallizing:

• Silence is space. Remove a dozen meetings and the mind blooms faster than AWS bills.

• Pushback is a spiritual practice. Each gentle “no” to nonsense is a “yes” to sanity.

• Compute credits are cheaper than regrets. I’ll trade a double espresso's worth of GPU time for a shot at building the future any day.

• Presence compounds. One extra hour on the training pitch yields more familial ROI than a dozen performance reviews.

• Uncertainty is a mirror. Stare into it long enough and you start seeing yourself, not your résumé.

Where does this road lead? I genuinely have no clue. The map dissolves about three steps ahead, like one of those old adventure games where the terrain renders just before you walk off a cliff. But every time I inch forward, the ground materializes. The net appears.

Next week, perhaps I’ll report that the corporate guillotine finally fell, or that I’ve secured my first contract, or that my son aced biology while scoring the winning goal. Whatever unfolds, I’ll keep threading these reflections into the loom of “The Net Appears.” After all, an abyss is just an invitation to practice flight.

Until then, may your own invisible nets breeze into view exactly when you need them, and may they be woven from stronger stuff than corporate lanyards.

@ 79be667e:16f81798

In een zee van mogelijkheden\ Kunnen we best veel tijd aan dromen besteden

Dromen is een universele taal\ Het wordt gedaan door ons allemaal

Het is het woord\ Dat deze gelijkheid de grond in boort

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

The world around me\ Is assumed to be

Through sensory observations\ This appears to me

What I experience\ Is for me

But the ultimate experience\ Is for me\ To be

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

Happy New Year!

Happy New Year, my dearest human family\ Happy New Year, my dearest animal family

Dear children of the Earth\ I wish you all a magical year

May it be utterly new\ Ever-changing\ New now

And may your journey say\ Life is amazing! I'm in a maze\ Life is awesome! Quite some awe\ Life is magical! True alchemy

I am human\ Black woman, I love you so\ Life-giver of my origin, the negro [nigiro]

I am\ Thus physical and non-physical meet

Life is to be\ As the elements are and compete\ And as they collide with one another\ One becomes aware of an other\ And so life sets on a journey\ To discover the other

Animal life is set to explore\ Allowing all experience the other has in store\ Life left to experience without a voice\ Until it discovers there is an 'I'\ And it has a choice

Human life is to be inside a human body\ Thus fusion between intellect and feeling\ Gets to express its perspective\ Inside infinity

Truly, a magical gift\ My Holy Trinity

And so from human life flow many voices\ As it navigates through infinite choices

Thus I say

Life is magic\ A gift for all that is here\ Perceived by too many as tragic\ Take care of your vision, I tell you, my dear [tell-a-vision]

Life is magic\ And words are spells\ Placing your aim beyond your reach\ It takes away efficiency from your speech

Life is magic\ Above all else\ Even when it has me feeling blue\ Seemingly left without a clue

Still I say

Perfection\ You are everything\ And I am of you

The source, the mirror\ And the reflection

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Skull, $5 million; Banana, $6 million; Freedom, Priceless

“It would have been nice to get this attention in any other context. WikiLeaks has kicked the hornet’s nest, and the swarm is headed towards us.” 

This message was posted by Satoshi Nakamoto to BitcoinTalk on December 11, 2010. A couple of months later, in February 2011, the Silk Road marketplace was launched, and only a couple months after — on April 23, 2011 — Satoshi posted his last message.

In October 2013, Ross Ulbricht was captured by the FBI and the Silk Road fell — only to be replaced by a thousand more copycat marketplace sites. The rest is Bitcoin history.

Ross Ulbricht chose to center his Bitcoin 2025 keynote speech around an experience he had clearing wasp nests in a cabin in the woods. Wearing a suit and tie, recalling growing “magic mushrooms” to kickstart activity on Silk Road, Ross held the attention of the main stage audience of over 8,000 at Bitcoin 2025 Las Vegas in the Venetian Expo. I was sitting in one of the best seats in the house: side stage with his mother Lyn and three other supporters of Ross. 

Freedom. Decentralization. Unity.

After over 4,100 days in federal custody and many months in special housing units (solitary confinement), Ross boiled it down to these three words to summarize his first message to the community.

Freedom. Decentralization. Unity.

Following a “21 ways to hack the fiat system” keynote from Michael Saylor, Ross’ three ways to move forward were refreshingly simple. 

You would have thought Ross had been speaking in front of thousands of people for years, seeing how calm and commanding he was on the Nakamoto stage.

Lyn Ulbricht called me a few days after the speech, as I was driving a U-Haul truck full of the art gallery contents across the country, including Ross’ auction items which altogether fetched well over 10 BTC for his fresh start. She mentioned that seeing Ross on that stage giving that incredible speech gave her closure for the whole experience of fighting for her son’s freedom.

I have been fortunate to get to know Lyn Ulbricht over the past few years, helping her plan for our conferences. Hearing her say that this conference gave her some closure to that awful chapter of her life was a moment I’ll never forget. She was his number one supporter during his 11 years serving a double-life sentence. She fought relentlessly to raise awareness for her son’s situation, and now she has begun a new chapter doing similar work with MACS, Mothers Against Cruel Sentencing.

MACS is a nonprofit that is effectively the continuation of the Free Ross mission. Lyn says she feels a calling from God to continue fighting for other “crypto prisoners” and people who are being unjustly punished for their crimes, a violation of the Eight Amendment of the United States Constitution.

She launched MACS at the fourth annual Women of Bitcoin Brunch at Bitcoin 2025, in front of an audience of over 300 of the most influential women at the conference. 

Later during the event, in the same room, Ross used the same stage to address a smaller crowd of supporters for his official luncheon.

This luncheon, held before his speech, is where Justin Sun famously gifted Ross “The Banana,” handing over a duct-taped, real banana in an elaborately designed white shadowbox fit to display in a museum.

I was also in the luncheon room when the banana transaction happened, as event staff. The piece, Comedian by Maurizio Cattelan, was a conceptual art statement, I explained to the two men sitting next to me. Like Ross himself at the time, these men were confused. (The original art installation, a banana duct-taped to the wall, was purchased — and eaten — by Justin Sun in November last year.) 

Knowing the significance of this banana, I assumed at the time that Justin Sun was officially giving his edition #2 of Comedian to Ross, as a $6.2 million donation. It wasn’t until my phone call with Lyn Ulbricht days later that she brought up the banana and its questionable provenance that I began to ask: Did Sun really give Ross the banana?

On this call, Lyn mentioned that they had a relative who worked at Sotheby’s, the auctioneer of Justin’s edition of Comedian. This was an obvious first step toward understanding the banana exchange.

Ross himself emailed me shortly after saying, “Lyn tells me you are looking into what happened with me and Justin Sun. Strike Force Nanner are arriving tomorrow with the box Sun gave me, so I’ll let you know if that turns up anything useful.”

And later, “My Sotheby’s connection says: Just spoke with one of the people who worked directly with the artist during the sale. To truly own the piece you have to have the document from the artist; because that is where the ‘value’ lies, they wouldn’t even share images of it for fear of someone making a counterfeit. He’s going to have a think about whether or not what you have has any value, but Justin still owns the ‘real’ banana which is probably why he’s given you vague answers. So, unless he gives me the document (certificate of authenticity), I don’t have anything that would be valued at auction (probably). Oh well.”

I assured him that I thought his banana was still very valuable. Even if this was truly just a 1/1 print of the banana. Until Sun gives Ross the COA, Ross isn’t really the owner the banana; still, a historic event occurred. Sun transferred some sort of magic-decentalized-banana-powers to Ross when he transferred that banana taped to a frame.

The mere existence of Strike Force Nanner, an armored vehicle transporting the banana to Ross, should be enough to signal the provenance transfer of something valuable.

So whether or not Sotheby’s thinks an official transaction occurred, I think Ross has a rare power to duct-tape bananas to walls now and call it something. Sun will just have to send the COA to Ross later in order to seal the peel.

Until then, I extend an open invite to Ross, as the Artist In Residence at Bitcoin Magazine, to help him make and sell prints of his print of the banana. Then maybe the banana can be even more decentralized!

Avant-garde bananas aside, the experience of Bitcoin 2025 Las Vegas was unlike any other conference that we’ve thrown, and I can say that having been a part of all six thus far. The key difference this year was Ross’ freedom.

The vibes were beyond bullish in Vegas, which usually means the top is in. But this time it really seems different.

We should pay attention when Michael Saylor gives us his 21-step cheat sheet for the infinite money glitch, and how he plans to leverage the existing financial institutions to accumulate as much bitcoin as he possibly can. This could be a regulatory trap.

We should definitely pay attention when the sitting vice president, JD Vance, tells the conference audience that they’re going to use stablecoins to strengthen the dollar, referring to the new Genius Bill. This is probably the backdoor for CBDCs.

But most importantly: After over 11 years in federal hell, we should pay attention to Ross Ulbricht as he becomes the leader that this space really needs right now.

We are the swarm now.

This post Skull, $5 million; Banana, $6 million; Freedom, Priceless first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Tommy Marcheschi.

@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b

Originalna diskusija na reddit.com iz juna 2025

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"Sindrom poremećenosti zbog Bitkoina proističe iz niza zabrinutosti, od pitanja legitimnosti novca, straha da je reč o Ponzijevoj šemi, da je to trojanski konj strane države, da je pomama stvorena za špekulante, do zabrinutosti zbog uticaja rudarenja na životnu sredinu.

Simptomi sindroma poremećenosti zbog Bitkoina (BDS) uključuju odbacivanje svih pozitivnih aspekata povezanih s Bitkoinom uz neodoljivu potrebu da se on prikaže u negativnom svetlu. Sindrom izgleda kao rezultat postepene akumulacije ogorčenja i osećaja da su zakasnili s kupovinom Bitkoina.

Umesto da imaju poniznosti da priznaju da su pogrešili u vezi s Bitkoinom, oni sada posvećuju svoje vreme beznadežnim pokušajima napada na njega i zagovaranju njegovog neuspeha kako bi dokazali da su bili u pravu.

Nije važno ako se više pojedinaca pridruži Bitkoin mreži, ako se pridruže velike kompanije, male zemlje, niti ako globalna plaćanja učini efikasnijim i ako ga korisnici koriste po sopstvenoj volji; oboleli od BDS-a odbijaju da veruju da pojedinci mogu delovati samostalno, već to mora biti neki kult ili potreba za kockanjem.

Ne postoji nijedan argument koji bi mogao promeniti njihovo mišljenje". - The Bitcoin Manual

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Diskusija tokom koje se autor posta usled svog neznanja, pogrešne informisanosti ili čak straha, nepovratno upleo "kao pile u kučine".

Mada moram priznati da su određeni delovi njegovog izlaganja, naročito tačke 7) i 8), najbolje reklame za Bitkoin koje bi svakog racionalnog ekonomskog aktera navele na dugoročnu akumulaciju ovog novog oblika novca. Koji razlozi mogu navesti racionalnog učesnika na tržištu koji sledi svoj interes da ignoriše Bitkoin kao novi oblik novca dok se nalazi u fazi svoje monetizacije?

U svojim odgovorima sam pokušao da mu otvoreno ukažem na apsurdnost i nelogičnost njegovih tvrdnji ali sam nailazio na prilično mršave odgovore koji su se više svodili na puko ponavljanje uobičajenih dezinformacija iz klasičnih medija nego autentično i nezavisno mišljenje ovog korisnika Reddita.

Na kraju sam prestao da odgovaram zato što je postalo besmisleno. Ovekovečićemo ga ovde na Nostru i prepustiti vremenu da bude sudija. Za desetak godina će ova debata završiti u sekciji "Retrovizor" pa će analiza sa decenijske distance biti izrazito zanimljiva.

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Originalni post

1. Zagovornici bitkoina ga lažno predstavljaju kao rješenje za skoro sve probleme i nešto što će stvoriti nekakvu utopiju. Pritom vrše vrlo agresivnu i toksičnu propagandu. Troše svoj već prilično jak finansijski položaj na lobiranje i uticaj na vladu. Tako su uspjeli da Ameriku okrenu da postane žestoko pro-kripto.

2. Petljanje vlada u kripto svijet omogućava im da tempiraju pumpanje i dumpanje bitkoina (ali i drugih kriptovaluta), prethodno obavijstivši one koje žele da obavijeste, što bi vladi dalo još jedan mehanizam da finansijski nagradi one koji rade za nju razne stvari, ili prosto svoju insajdersku vrhušku, koja bi se time mogla bogati na račun svih ostalih.

3. Vlade su sve bliže tome da počnu koristiti novac poreskih obveznika za ulaganje u bitkoin.

4. Bitkoin se predstavlja kao rješenje problema inflacije, a to je samo djelimično tačno. Ako držiš bitkoin duže od 4 godine, bićeš u plusu - tako je bilo barem zasad. Međutim, na kraći rok oscilacije cijene bitkoina su ogromne. Pad od 80% u roku od godinu dana je normalna stvar. A to kad bi se prevelo na standardni ekonomski jezik u kome se priča o inflaciji značilo bi godišnju inflaciju od 400%. Znači bitkoin rutinski ima stopu inflacije od 400%, a vole da prozivaju fiat valute i za mnogo manju inflaciju tipa već od 5% do 10%, to im je kao mnogo.

5. Centralne banke generalno i Fed konkretno, sa svim svojim manama, i uz sve negativne epizode, kad je bila hiperinflacija, istorijski su ipak odigrale i još uvijek igraju pozitivnu ulogu: obezbjeđuju kakvu takvu stabilnost cijena i podstiču veću zaposlenost. To je taj dual mandat feda. Bez centralnih banaka i njihovih intervencija, ekonomske krize bi bile češće i oštrije, a kada se dese, ne bi bilo lakog izlaza iz istih. Trajale bi duže. Bitkoin se protiv centralnih banaka bori. (Ili se bar borio, a sad sve češće odustaje od svojih ideala i sarađuje sa tradicionalnim finansijskim sektorom - što meni ukazuje na to da ti ideali možda nikad nisu ni bili iskreni, već da se narativ prilagođava situaciji, a da je jedino bitno da se u svakom trenutku ima neki narativ koji bi opravdao "number goes up")

6. Jedan od glavnih motora moderne ekonomije je sistem frakcionalnih rezervi koji omogućava bankama da lako daju kredite po relativno povoljnim kamatnim stopama. To ponekad može zaista i dovesti do krize, kad se banke previše opuste, a računaju na Fed ili neku drugu centralnu banku da ih čupa ako upadnu u dubiozu. Tako je bilo 2008. Ali ne treba zbog jedne loše epizode odustati od cijelog tog sistema. Prisustvo jeftinih i lako dostupnih kredita sa niskim kamatnim stopama je jako bitna i povoljna za ekonomiju. Zamislite kad toga ne bi bilo, kad bi ljudi morali za svaku krupnu kupovinu da prvo uštede, pa da onda kupuju u kešu. Niko ne bi mogao kupiti stan prije 50. ili 60. godine. A šta će ti stan sa 50 ili 60 godina?! Porodica se zasniva mnogo ranije. Isto tako, mnoge firme ne bi mogle dobiti kredite za započinjanje ili proširenje poslovanja, što bi usporilo inovaciju i rast produktivnosti. Bitkoin standard koga zagovirnici zagovaraju, podrazumijevao bi mnogo skuplje i teže dostupne kredite, jer tu ne bi bilo mogućnosti za lako uvećavanje novčane mase. Samim tim to bi bilo vrlo nepovoljno za ekonomski rast.

7. Bitkoin bi izazvao i deflaciju cijena (izraženih u bitkoinu, pod pretpostavkom da on postane glavna valuta), koja je takođe vrlo nepovoljna za ekonomski rast. Evo primjera kakve je probleme deflacija svojevremeno izazvala u Japanu: Under deflation, the value of cash increases as time passes. In such a situation, Japanese companies began to cut wages, research and development, and other investments, opting to hold onto cash instead. This tendency, coinciding with the acceleration of the aging population, gradually diminished the competitiveness of the economy and the potential growth rate of the country. The Bank of Japan (BoJ) and the Japanese government has focused on halting the deflation and eventually achieving the 2% inflation target since the early 2000s. However, as deflation persisted, the traditional monetary policy of setting low interest rates to stimulate investment and consumption, which typically causes inflation, became ineffective. This ineffectiveness arose because a nominal rate of 0% effectively meant a positive real rate due to the increasing value of cash. This phenomenon is known as the zero lower bound.

8. Istovremeno, bitkoin (ali samo pod uslovom da bude na putu da postane glavna svjetska valuta) bi izazvao terminalnu inflaciju cijena u svim drugim valutama - tj. njihovu demonetizaciju. Kako bi se bitkoin sve više monetizovao, tako bi se ostale valute, ali i ostali asseti demonetizovali. To bi značilo ogroman transfer bogatstva od onih koji nemaju bitkoin ili kupe kasno, kao onima koji imaju, naročito onima koji imaju mnogo i koji su kupili rano po ekstremno niskoj cijeni. Znači bukvalno, rani vlasnici bitkoina bi se bogatili na račun svih ostalih. I to im je zapravo i cilj. To je jedini razlog zašto toliko promovišu bitkoin - svi ostali narativi, te borba protiv inflacije, te digitalno zlato, te ovo, te ono, su zapravo samo priče i racionalizacije, a poenta je da se nagovaraju svi da nastave kupovati bitkoin, kako bi oni koji su kupili ranije, još više uvećali svoje bogatstvo. Tu činjenicu da bi bitkoin doveo do osiromašivanja svih koji nisu vlasnici bitkoina, prepoznala je Evropska centralna banka u jednom svom članku. Citiraću samo relevantan dio: While most economists argue that the Bitcoin boom is a speculative bubble that will eventually burst, we analyse in this paper the impact of a Bitcoin-positive scenario in which its price continues to rise in the foreseeable future. What sounds intuitively promising or at least not harmful is problematic: Since Bitcoin does not increase the productive potential of the economy, the consequences of the assumed continued increase in value are essentially redistributive, i.e. the wealth effects on consumption of early Bitcoin holders can only come at the expense of consumption of the rest of society. If the price of Bitcoin rises for good, the existence of Bitcoin impoverishes both non-holders and latecomers. While previous discussions on the redistributive effects of Bitcoin assumed that badly timed trading was a necessary condition for losses, this paper shows that neither poor timing of trades nor holding Bitcoin at all are necessary for impoverishment under a Bitcoin-positive scenario.

9. To bi naravno uvećalo nejednakost u svijetu koja je ionako već sad ogromna, i prenijelo bi nejadnakost kakva vlada u samom bitkoin ekosistemu na cijeli svijet. A nejednakost koja vlada u bitkoin ekosistemu je toliko ekstremna da je to teško uopšte i zamisliti. Navešću samo par podataka (iz ovog izvora: bitinfocharts.com/top-100-richest-bitcoin-addresses.html ) 0,03% najbogatijih bitkoin adresa (ili brojem: 18.651 adresa), drže 60,93% cjelokupne količine bitkoina. Sad zamislite da bitkoin postane dominantan oblik bogatstva u svijetu. Znači manje od 20.000 ljudi bi držalo preko 60% kompletnog svjetskog finansijskog bogatstva. Drugi podatak: 23.835.989 najbogatijih bitkoin adresa drži 99,97% cjelokupne količine bitkoina. Ili prostim jezikom, 24 miliona adresa, drže praktično SAV BITKOIN. Nećemo se zamajavati sa onih preostalih 0,03% bitkoina. To se može slobodno zanemariti. Znači sve što ima bitkoina u svijetu je u rukama 24 miliona ljudi. (A od toga preko 60% u rukama manje od 20.000 ljudi). Gdje smi mi ostali u svemu tome? Nema nas!!! Šta je sa 8.2 milijarde ljudi u svijetu? Ništa! Ko ih j... 24 miliona je samo 0,29% svjetske populacije. Tako da ako bi bitkoin zavladao - 20.000 ljudi bi držalo većinu svjetskog finansijskog bogatstva, 24 miliona bi imalo neke kao mrvice, a svi ostali, ne bi praktično imali NIŠTA. Nula. Nada. Sad naravno, promoteri bitkoina će reći kako meni račun nije dobar, jer su neki od najvećih vlasnika bitkoina kripto berze i ETF fondovi, i firme kao Strategy, koje su u vlasništvu velikog broja ljudi, pa je zapravo, po njima distribucija mnogo bolja nego što se to čini. Donekle su u pravu. Ali samo donekle. Ti isti zagovornici će preskočiti činjenicu da postoje i procesi koji čine da je distribucija zapravo još gora nego što se čini. Šta ako mnogi krupni vlasnici (whale-ovi) drže svoj bitkoin, ne na jednoj, nego na više adresa? A to je vrlo česta strategija, jer se plaše, ako slučajno izgube pristup jednoj adresi, ili im neko hakuje wallet ili se nešto desi... izgubiće samo dio bogastva, jer su rasporedili svoj bitkoin na možda desetak i više različitih adresa. Tako da, mogao bi se napraviti i case, da je taj mali broj najbogatihih bitkoina adresa zapravo u rukama još manjeg broja ljudi. Obe tendencije su donekle tačne. Procjenjuje se da institucije, vlade, fondovi, firme i na kraju sam Satoshi Nakamoto, drže ukupno 43% ukupne količine bitkoina. I za tih 43% (osim Satošijevog dijela), bi se možda moglo pretpostaviti da imaju malo bolju distribuciju, jer jedna adresa pokriva veći broj ljudi. Preostalih 57% drže pojedinci. U tom dijelu što drže pojedinci, vjerovatno gotovo cjelokupnu količinu drže krupni vlasnici - whaleovi, a svi ostali neku mizeriju. Bilo kako bilo, raspodjela bogatstva u bitkoinu je ekstremno nejednaka, i ako bi bitkoin postao jedan od dominantnih svjetskih oblika bogatstva, ta nejednakost iz tog ekosistema bi se prelila na cijeli svijet, što bi bilo poprilično distopijski.

10. Ovih 9 tačaka su moje glavne kritike bitkoina, ali bi se na njih mogle dodati i još neke kao što su problem potrošnje struje (koji je ipak donekle riješen halving mehanizmom, i zato bitkoin neće nikad trošiti mnogo više struje nego sad), problem elektronskog otpada, širenje raznih scamova, ransom napadi, i generalno širenje vrlo problematičnog, materijalističkog pogleda na svijet u kome je bitkoin ultimativni statusni simbol (barem u toj zajednici koja za sebe kaže da je orange pilled), a grozničavo štekanje satošija (stacking sats) i držanje istih (hodling), postaje smisao života.

11. Na kraju iznosim kritiku, koja se odnosi na razloge koji će najvjerovatnije dovesti i do ultimativnog pada i kolapsa bitkoina, zbog čega ćemo, nadam se, izbjeći distopijske scenarije o kojima sam govorio u prethodnim tačkama. Naime, bitkoin, sam po sebi, nije ništa posebno. Komplikovan je, nezgodan za korištenje, online novčanici mogu da se hakuju, pare koje se drže na kripto berzama mogu da nestanu, da budu ukradene, transakcije se ne mogu stornirati, ako se zezneš pa pošalješ na pogrešnu adresu, nepovratno si se zezno. Transakcije su skupe i nisu instantne, a kako pada reward majnerima, u budućnosti će izgledno biti još i skuplje. Layer 2 rješenja kao što je Lightning, ne mogu u potpunosti da riješe scaling problem i nisu jednako pouzdane kao glavni blokčejn. Na kraju, glavni zvanični value proposition bitkoina, to da je on dobar "čuvar vrijednosti" u praksi se pokazao jako loše. Kao prvo, imovina koja redovno trpi pad cijene od 70-80% ne može nikako biti dobar čuvar vrijednosti, sve i da se ti gubici na kraju nadoknade (kao što je dosad bio slučaj). Kao drugo, na dugi rok, bitkoin da bi bio dobar čuvar vrijednosti, ljudi moraju trajno da nastave da mu pripisuju visoku vrijednost, i čitava mašinerija majnera i nodova mora da nastavi u nedogled, danonoćno da radi i troši struju, samo da bi bitkoin uopšte nastavio da postoji. To ga čini veoma, veoma, krhkim na dugi rok, i to znači da je on, recimo, u odnosu na zlato, na dugi rok, neuporedivo lošiji čuvar vrijednosti. Zlato jednom kad imaš, imaš ga... ne treba mu nikakvo održavanje, ne mora postojati čitava skupa i energetski intenzivna infrastruktura da ga podržava. Zlato je samodovoljno. Osim toga, zlato ima i određenu intrinzičku vrijednost koja znači da nikad neće biti besplatno, sve i kad bi se ljudi odlučili da štede u nečemu drugom. Zlato je faktički rijetko i dragocijeno i ne traži nikakvo održavanje. Bitkoin sve to nije. Nema nikakvu intrinzičku vrijednost, i sva mu vrijednost dolazi od one vrijednosti koju mu ljudi pripisuju. Pritom zahtijeva konstantno energetski intenzivno održavanje. I na kraju čemu sve to? Da bi ponudilo neku finansijsku uslugu lošeg kvaliteta, bez osiguranja, sa redovnim padovima od 80% itd... Ljudi budite ozbiljni. Niko zapravo ne drži bitkoin radi štednje i kao neki čuvar vrijednosti. Zvanični value proposition (store of value, digital gold), je obmana i šarena laža. Međutim, postoji PRAVI, nezvanični value proposition kod bitkoina, a to je "number goes up". To je JEDINI PRAVI RAZLOG ZAŠTO LJUDI ZAPRAVO KUPUJU BITKOIN. Taj value proposition, koji bismo mogli nazvati raznim imenima kao što su "number goes up", "to the moon", ili prosto "moon narrative" je osnovni razlog zašto ljudi kupuju bitkoin. A on ne može da traje vječno. Da bi raniji investitori mogli da nastave da profitiraju i da se bogate, moraju stalno ulaziti novi investitori i ulagati sve veće i veće količine novca. To funkcioniše kao piramidalna ili ponci šema (Iako se ne radi o bukvalnoj ponci prevari). Što je veća cijena bitkoina, to su veći ulozi potrebni da bi se ona mogla nastaviti pumpati. Već vidimo da je svaki novi četvorogodišnji ciklus sve slabiji i slabiji od onih prethodnih. Rast je sve sporiji. Bliži se trenutak u kome više niko neće vjerovati pričama da je još rano "We're so early", niti da se neko novi ko sad ulazi u to sve, od toga zaista može obogatiti. Samim tim "moon narrative" postaje sve manje i manje kredibilan. A kad moon narrativ padne, pada i bitkoin, jer je on zapravo sve vrijeme i bio njegov jedini pravi value proposition. Bitkoin nije dobar čuvar vrijednosti, nije user friendly, ne pruža nikakvo osiguranje, i niko ga ne bi kupovao bez tog moon narrativa, jer postoje mnogo bolji finansijski proizvodi koji omogućavaju mnogo brže i jeftinije transakcije, koje su pritom osigurane, i bolji store of value.

Dakle kao zaključak, bitkoin će ili uspijeti ili propasti. Ako uspije, izvjesno je da će dovesti do distopije, ekstremne nejednakosti i do mnogo lošijeg stanja ekonomije nego što je to danas slučaj.

Ipak, mislim da je mnogo veća šansa da će propasti jer je njegov jedini pravi value proposition, a to je moon narrative, matematički i fizički neodrživ, a postoje mnogo bolje alternative, ako gledamo na bitkoin kao na neku pravu finansijsku uslugu.

U tom padu bitkoina, neki će izaći na vrijeme, biti u plusu, neće biti trauma, neki će izaći prekasno, izgubiće dosta, neki će ući onda kad treba izaći, pa će izgubiti sve, itd... U svakom slučaju, to će biti dosta nezgodan period za vlasnike, i dovešće do mnogo razočarenja. Ali kad se to sve završi, svijet će postati malo mudriji i iskusniji, i ostavićemo iza sebe još jednu veliku finansijsku iluziju, koja je potencijalno mogla dovesti i do velike distopije.

Odgovori

@BTCSRB: Odgovoriću kratko samo na deo o navodnom negativnom uticaju na ekonomiju iz razloga što ljudi ne žele da troše novac kojem vremenom raste vrednost. Ovo je lažna ekonomska dilema. Zašto? Zato što se ova dilema postavlja samo ako imate previše fiat novca. Ako je jedini novac koji imate Bitkoin (što bi u slučaju hipotetičkog scenarija da je BTC glavna svetska valuta bila uobičajena praksa), ova dilema praktično ne postoji jer bi onda po definiciji stvari morali da trošite.

Jer ako je BTC sve što imate, onda nije dilema da li treba da trošite BTC već da li UOPŠTE treba da trošite?

Logika trošenja Bitkoina

Što se tiče nejednakosti raspodele Bitkoina, mislim da će biti prosvetljujuće da pročitaš ovaj tekst.

Da li je raspodela Bitkoina pravična?

Ako imamo novac rođen na slobodnom tržištu, u slobodnom društvu, koji treba da zameni fiat novac, onda on ne može biti ravnomerno raspoređen od samog početka dok istovremeno svi ljudi cene njegovu vrednost – nužno mora proći kroz period kada ga samo nekolicina ljudi vrednuje.

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hn-mc: Zato po meni bitkoin i nema legitimitet.

Ako se pravi neka nova valuta, treba da svi mogu na početku da je kupe po istom kursu, i da svi istovremeno pređu na nju, kao što su Švabe zamjenile marku evrom, po fiksnom kursu.

Rađanje novca na slobodnom tržištu nije normalna stvar. Novac su uvijek ili plasirale države, ili je on bio prirodan, koji je već imao neku prirodnu raspodjelu, tipa začini, so, zlato, srebro.

A praviti vještački novac, i da pritom ti nisi nikakva vlast, i nuditi ga na početku nekima praktično za džabe, a da ga kasniji neki plaćaju sa 100.000 USD i više, to za moj pojam nema legitimitet da bude novac.

To mi više liči na skupljenje znački ili poštanskih markica, koje mogu igrom slučaja kod kolekcionara da dosegnu astronomsku vrijednost.

Nadam se da kontaš da nije normalno, da se neka nova valuta uspostavlja na način da se ljudi na nju prebacuju po ekstremno različitim uslovima.

Po meni da bi kripto imao neki legitimitet, mora postojati duži period na početku, tokom koga mora biti svima omogućeno da dobiju istu količinu, ili makar da plate po istoj cijeni, znači da uđu po istim uslovima.

Zato mi je recimo onaj projekat worldcoin dobar po pitanju raspodjele, jer bi tu svako dobio na početku istu količinu. Druga je stvar što mi se ne sviđa to što skeniraju oči, s tim distopijskim forama su upropastili dobru ideju po pitanju distribucije.

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@BTCSRB: O svemu što si nabrojao su Bitkoineri odavno već diskutovali. Taj tekst sam danas preveo upravo zbog tvojih navoda. Taj hipotetički scenario je takođe razrađen u tekstu (koji evidentno nisi pročitao), šta bi se desilo kada bi svi istovremeno prešli na njega po istom kursu ali da ne postoji obaveza držanja i plaćanja poreza u tom novcu kao što je to slučaj sa fiat novcem (nemačkom markom)?

"Šta će se desiti? Neki ljudi će ga visoko vrednovati, a neki neće – ljudi koji ga visoko vrednuju kupiće ga od onih koji ga ne vrednuju. I šta nam onda ostaje? Mali deo sveta koji veruje u ovaj novac i sada poseduje većinu ponude.

Čekajte, zar nije upravo to slučaj sa Bitkoinom? Zar se ljudi nisu baš zbog toga žalili?

Kada je Bitkoin u pitanju, većina nas je imala otprilike jednak pristup početnim novčićima. Svi su mogli da rudare, a novčići su u početku bili gotovo bezvredni. Rani korisnici su trgovali troškovima električne struje, svojim vremenom i trudom u zamenu za novoizrudarene bitkoine."

Dakle, opet bismo došli na isto zato što bi ponovo veći deo novčića završio u rukama manjine koja je najviše u njega verovala.

Ponovo citiram:

"Drugim rečima, ponuditi ravnomernu raspodelu od samog početka je suštinski isto kao i ponuditi podjednake šanse za sticanje bitkoina.

Ako imamo novac rođen na slobodnom tržištu, u slobodnom društvu, koji treba da zameni fiat novac – onda on ne može biti ravnomerno raspodeljen od početka, a da ga svi ljudi istovremeno vrednuju. Neminovno mora proći kroz period kada ga samo nekolicina ljudi vrednuje."

Dakle, kako god okreneš, koliko god svima podelio istu količinu na početku, neminovno će doći do koncentracije vlasništva jer je nemoguće da svi vrednuju novi novac na isti način.

Da li se tebi čini nenormalnim da novac nastane na slobodnom tržištu je potpuno subjektivno.Činjenica je da se tako nešto sa Bitkoinom desilo, a ne da li je "normalno". A ni BTC nije prvi takav slučaj u istoriji jer su se neke druge stvari koristile kao novac pre zlata pa ih je zlato na slobodnom tržištu potisnulo kao kvalitetniji novac. Sami ljudi su prvi koristili zlato kao novac, tek nakon toga su vladari urezali svoj lik na kovanice i izdavali ih, a ne obrnuto. Oni koji su batalili perle i među prvima prešli na zlato su svakako mnogo bolje prošli od onih koji su tvrdoglavo držali perle do samog kraja.

Bitkoin niko nikome nije nudio "za džabe" pošto centralni izdavalac ne postoji, već je svako morao da ga rudari i da potroši određenu količinu energije. Zašto ti i ja nismo rudarili kada smo prvi put čuli za BTC? BTC košta koliko košta zato što se, kao što si i sam rekao, nalazi u fazi monetizacije pa je prirodno su rani korisnici profitirali više od kasnijih korisnika. Takav je slučaj istorijski bio i sa zlatom, npr. Kina je mnogo izgubila što se tvrdoglavo držala srebra kada su gotovo sve države usvojile zlatni standard.

I to zlato je krenulo kao "collectible" i nije odmah postalo novac već je imalo svoj razvojni put: 1) kolekcionarski predmet, 2) skladište vrednosti, 3) sredstvo razmene, 4) obračunska jedinica. Po mom dubokom uverenju se BTC nalazi u fazi broj 2.

To sa Worldcoinom je viđeno i kod nas: koliko ljudi još uvek drži one besplatne akcije Telekoma, NIS-a, Aerodoroma itd. Tako se npr. pokojni najbogatiji Čeh Petr Kelner obogatio jer je devedesetih otkupljivao vaučere tokom tamošnje privatizacije koje je u to vreme malo ko vrednovao, kao i važnost i buduću vrednost akcija tih preduzeća.

Worldcoin se, uprkos "pravičnoj distribuciji" nalazi na -90% od svoje rekordne vrednosti uz oko 1.6 milijardi novčića u opticaju što je samo mali deo ukupne buduće količine od 10 milijardi jedinica. Šta je dakle sa preostalim novčićima, kome će oni biti podeljeni i kako? Inflacija ponude tek predstoji pošto će se količina tog novčića u opticaju i više nego ušestostručiti. Zašto Wordlcoin ili neki drugi kripto nije dostigao ni blizu vrednosti Bitkoina ako je suština u "pravičnoj i ravnomernoj raspodeli"? Čak i Ethereum se na početku rudario i nije bio ravnomerno raspoređen pa je i dalje druga najvrednija kriptovaluta.

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hn-mc: Fora je u tome što prelazak na novu valutu treba da bude javna i široko poznata stvar. 2009. niko nije znao za bitkoin osim malobrojne zajednice entuzijasta.

Takođe što se tiče ovoga "šta bi se desilo kada bi svi istovremeno prešli na njega po istom kursu ali da ne postoji obaveza držanja i plaćanja poreza u tom novcu kao što je to slučaj sa fiat novcem (nemačkom markom)?" - tvoj odgovor na to pitanje nije tačan iz prostog razlog što ako bi SVI na to prešli po istim uslovima, znači da bi on od starta imao većinsku podršku, i SVI ti koji su ušli po istim uslovima bi ga prilično jednako i vrednovali. Ne bi on tada završio u rukama neke manjine koja ga više vrednuje kao što ti pretpostavljaš.

Jer ljudi da nisu vjerovali u njega, ne bi ni prelazili na njega, prosto jednostavno.

Ja uvođenje neke alternativne valute koja bi bila ozbiljna i legitimna, zamišljam na način da se to unapred najavi, dobro izreklamira, da ljudi znaju za to, i da možda čak ima i neku instutucionalnu podršku na međunarodnom nivou, ako ne samih Ujedinjenih nacija, barem neke jake i kredibilne međunarodne organizacije, npr. Transparency International, ili nešto tog tipa. I taj period ulaska po istim uslovima bi morao trajati bar godinu dana, što bi vodilo stabilizovanju cijene.

E onda, nakon toga, kad ta godina prođe, naravno da bi došlo postepeno do fluktuacija cijene i raslojavanja, ali tad to ne bi bio problem, jer bi se moglo zaista pošteno reći da su svi ušli po približno istim uslovima, i bili obavješteni na vrijeme, i znali o čemu se radi, što kod bitkoina uopšte nije bio slučaj.

Npr. zbog odsustva regulative, nedostupnosti kripto berzi kod nas, itd... sve do 2015. kod nas je bilo to vrlo teško kupiti. Što se rudarenja tiče, na početku si morao za početak znati da to uopšte postoji. A čim se to malo proširilo više nisi mogao to raditi na običnom računaru, znači morao si raditi neka ulaganja ozbiljnija ako oćeš da rudariš.

Bitkoineri inače vole da pišu dugačke tekstove radi odbrane bitkoina, zaista se trude, i skidam im kapu na tome, ali neke stvari su prosto neodržive, i neodbranjive. Možeš prosto da kažeš, prihvatam to tako kako je, nemam s tim neki problem, moja je odluka da u to ulažem i kraj priče. I na to svak ima pravo, i ne mogu ja to nikome osporiti.

Ali imam i ja pravo da kritikujem.

I što se ovog tiče "Bitkoin niko nikome nije nudio "za džabe" pošto centralni izdavalac ne postoji, već je svako morao da ga rudari i da potroši određenu količinu energije."

U pravu su tehnički, ali praktično, neki su na osnovu sreće ili pravovremenih informacija mogli da ga dobiju mnogo ranije od nekih drugih...

Znači bitkoin nije ponudio do kraja čak ni "equality of opportunities", iako zagovornici tvrde da jeste. A sve i da jeste - to nije NI BLIZU rezultiralo onim što Englezi zovu "equality of outcomes"

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@BTCSRB: A ko bi predložio, najavio ili naredio prelazak na novu valutu? I zašto? Ljudi koji kontrolišu svetski finansijski sistem sigurno nemaju interes da pokrenu tako nešto, a i da imaju, to bi radili isključivo zarad sopstvene koristi a ne radi dobrobiti čovečanstva (npr. prelazak na CBDC).

Prelazak na novu valutu istovremeno pod istim uslovima jednostavno nije moguć bez nekog vida prisile. Kao što se kaže u tekstu - nemoguće je da ga od starta svi podjednako vrednuju bez nekog oblika prinude. Dakle ostaje jedini način da takav novac iznedri slobodno tržište, a BTC je iznedren na način na kakav je iznedren. Spontano i organski kao "grassroot movement". I kao takav je neutralan, etički novac sa najboljim karakteristikama u poređenju sa svim drugim oblicima novca koje imamo.

Ljudi koji su verovali u njega su prešli na njega; oni koji nisu, nisu ni prešli. Prosto i jednostavno. Ali takvi sada kukaju što se njihova imovina obezvređuje prema BTC, a krivi su im Bitkoineri koji su prešli pre njih?! Isti Bitkoineri koji godinama na sva usta ukazuju na BTC dok su sve to vreme ismevani, vređani, cancellovani! Ako se neko ideološki ne slaže sa nastankom BTC-a ili njegovom distribucijom, nejednakošću bogatstva, sujetom zbog toga što misli da je zakasnio - to ga neće spasiti od neminovnog gubitka kupovne moći zato što nije prihvatio bolji novac. Isto kao što su srednjevekovni vitezovi možda mrzeli barut i vatreno oružje smatrajući ih neviteškim sredstvima ratovanja ali ih to nije spasilo od uništenja od strane onih koji su prihvatili barut kao superiornu tehnologiju

Ko bi najavio novu valutu, ko bi finansirao njeno reklamiranje i marketing? Da li zaista misliš da bi se međunarodne organizacije koje se nalaze pod kontrolom vladajućeg finansijskog establišmenta založile za neku novu valutu koja bi im ugrozila moć?

Zapitaj sebe kada si saznao za Bitkoin i koliko je vremena prošlo od tada? Zašto ga nisu kupio, zašto ga i danas ne kupuješ i šta ćeš misliti o današnjem trenutku i ovoj diskusiji kada jednog dna bude vredeo 1M USD? Da li ti se čini da je rano ako posmatraš u tom kontekstu? Ili samo posmatraš u kontekstu da si zakasnio jer ga nisi kupio na 100 USD ili 1000 USD? I opet vas nešto sprečava da počnete sa nekom štednjom u njemu, samo nemoj posle da bude da vam nismo pričali i kako nije fer.

BTC je po svemu superiorniji oblik novca od zlata, a ima trž. kapitalizaciju od oko 2T USD naspram zlata sa 22T USD. To ti je jedan od znakova pored puta gde ova stvar ide i da li je rano ili kasno.

Inače domaća menjačnica ECD postoji od 2012. godine, toliko o tome da li je u Srbiji bilo teško nabaviti ga.

Inače postoji zabluda o tome da su se rani korisnici nesrazmerno obogatili. Znaš i sam da je ogroman broj prerano prodao i izgubio ključeve i pristup novčićima. Uostalom, zašto bih se poredio sa drugima? Skidam kapu svima koji su ušli i razumeli stvar pre mene, od takvih sam i učio, ti rani korisnici su pisali prve vodiče, snimali podkaste, držali predavanja i predavali baklju sledećoj generaciji Bitkoinera. Nemam ni trunke zavisti prema njima, samo poštovanje i zahvalnost.

Možda i jedina stvar koju većinu ljudi deli od Bitkoina je ponajviše sujeta i čisto poricanje realnosti. Tek onda dolazi nezainteresovanost, neradoznalost ili tehnička nepotkovanost. Ali Bitkoineri nikad neće moći da kažu da nisu dali sve od sebe, pa ko razume - razume.

“If you don't believe me or don't get it, I don't have time to try to convince you, sorry.”

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hn-mc: Nisam ja za btc saznao juče, pa da sad iz neke zavisti kukam kako su ga neki dobili skoro za dž, a sad ove nove generacije moraju plaćati 100k. Mada ni takvo razmišljanje ne bi bilo sasvim bez osnova, ako uzmeš npr. često ponavljanu mantru da "svako dobija bitkoin po cijeni koju je zaslužio". Ta mantra mi je, iskreno, mnogo arogantna i antipatična, jer ona potpuno ignoriše to, da mnogi nisu imali posla i para za ulaganje dok je bitkoin bio jeftiniji, ili su bili djeca, ili nisu ni rođeni. Ignoriše se mogućnost stvaranja određene gerontokratije u budućnosti, gdje bi stara generacija, koje je to prva kupila po povoljnijim cijenama imala disproporcionalnu moć u odnosu na nove generacije, koje nisu tad mogle ni fizički da ga kupe, jer ih prosto nije bilo. Ignoriše se mogućnost stvaranja te tako neke aristokratije ili oligarhije, gdje bi u budućnosti ekonomski položaj nekog djeteta zavio od toga koliko mu je ćale nekad uštekao bitkoina. To bitkoineri slave kroz još jednu mantru "generational wealth", a meni to više liči na zasnivanje prilično distopijskog sistema veliki ekonomske nejednakosti koji dosta podsjeća na feudalizam - u njemu bi imao novu klasu bitkoin "plemića".

Za bitkoin sam saznao 2013. i na samom početku sam njime bio fasciniran. Donekle sam prihvatao većinu talking pointsa i value proposition-a.

Međutim, malo-pomalo počeo sam uviđati mračnu stranu cijele stvari. (u šta spada to koliko je cijeli kripto svijet preplavljen raznim scamovima, koliko je cijela zajednica izuzetno alava na pare i materijalisitčki nastrojena - lambo, to the moon, etc... postoji to neko implicitno obećanje lakog bogaćenja i rješavanja svih finansijskih problema, postoji toksični antagonizam između bitkoinera i altkoinera (npr. zato što samo postojanje altkoina podriva narativ bitkoina o scarcity-ju - ako neko može da napravi sličan ili još bolji alternativni koin koji se takmiči na istom tržištu sa bitkoinom, onda to što je sam bitkoin "zakucan" na 21 milion gubi relevantnost), uvidio sam koliko mentalitet samog štekanja (hodl) smanjuje podsticaj za realne, produktivne investicije, što bi bilo loše za ekonomiju, koliko se plasiraju razni nerealistički narativi radi propagande. Proučio sam malo o zlatnom standardu i zašto je bio loš i kako je možda doprinio velikoj ekonomskoj krizi, a tu digitalno zlato iako bi bilo možda zgodnije za upotrebu, suštinski se ne bi razlikovalo od pravog, i imalo bi jednako loš efekat na ekonomiju... Naučio sam da je Austrijska škola diskreditovana od strane svih ozbiljnijih ekonomista. Uvidio sam koje su opasnosti od deflacije. Vidio sam koliko je nejednakost ogromna... čak i ako je do nje došlo na pošten način, to je i dalje problem - jer kako god da je do toga došlo, šta ti da radiš sa svijetom u kojem manjina ima skoro sve, a svi ostali ništa, ili mrvice. Pogotovo kad zavlada AI, pa ta većina više ne bude mogla ni da zaradi nešto svojim radom, itd... Mnogo tu ima stvari koje mi nisu baš "legle". Kasnije sam čitao i to da je većina ulagača u bitkoin na kraju završila u minusu. Uvidio sam dinamiku ciklusa gdje većina običnih ljudi bude "ošišana". Niko im nije "kriv", ali jednostavno običan čovjek niti je dovoljno finansijski jak i stabilan da se održi u tom svijetu, niti ima dovoljno ekspertize i samokontrole. Zato retail investitori ulaze kad je hajp, prodaju kad padne cijena, a whale-ovi rade pametno, tj. obrnuto od toga, ili rade DCA. Takva dinamika dovodi do sve veće i veće koncentracije bogatstva i do bogaćenja whale-ova na račun "sitnih riba". Krupna riba jede sitnu ribu. Znači cijeli taj svijet je prilično anarhičan, gdje najjači opstaju, nema zaštite potrošača, itd... Ko je već bogat, može uložiti nešto u to i da zaboravi na to, ne sikira se. A dosta sirotinje uloži MNOGO, jer se nada da će ih to izvući iz neke dubioze, a onda kad cijena krene da pada, prodaju s gubitkom, jer ne mogu sebi da priušte totalni gubitak. Draže im je da padnu za 20% nego za 50%. Ali i 20% je gubitak, i na takvim gubicima, većina naroda gubi od kripta, a dovoljno jaki, disciplinovani, i prije svega bogati, se bogate od cijele stvari. I ne vidim da će nešto moći značajno da promijeni tu dinamiku.

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@BTCSRB: Ta mantra o ceni Bitkoina i zaslugama je nastala kao odgovor na još arogantnije i antipatične ismevanja, nipodaštavanjai netačne i neutemeljene tvrdnje Bitkoin skeptika tokom godina koje su uporno ponavljali na mnogo nižim cenama i time učinili veliku finansijsku štetu ljudima koji su ih slušali (a možda bi u nekom trenutku kupili BTC) dok se BTC penjao na ove visine.

Pre nego što kritikuješ potencijalni "Bitkoin feudalni sistem", morao bi da sagledaš i kritikuješ postojeći finansijski sistem i zapitaš se da li ono čega se plašiš u BTC sistemu već postoji u fiat sistemu? Da li postoji manjina sa nesrazmernim bogatstvom? Koliko se njihovo bogatstvo uvećalo od kovida? A koliko od svetske finansijske krize 2008? Da li neko čiji je pradeda povoljno kupio zemljište na Menhetnu, Malibuu, Monte Karlu, Zlatiboru, Dedinju... Da li se tada radilo o "gerontokratiji" koja ima nesrazmernu moć u odnosu na današnje generacije? Dok ja i ti možda živimo u kutiji šibica od 40 ili 50 kvadrata? Koliki procenat ljudi danas drži koliki procenat društvenog bogatstva?

Ispada da ti braniš status quo koji mora da ostane zacementiran i koji nijedna nova generacija putem otkrićem novih tehnologija ne sme da ugrozi? Kao da je postojeći status quo bila pravična raspodela društvenog bogatstva (hint: nije, daleko od toga) i da više ne sme doći do društvene raspodele? Pritom pojava Bitkoina ne onemogućava postojeću dominantnu klasu da učestvuje u toj novoj raspodeli pošto i oni imaju jednake šanse da uzmu deo tog novog novca za sebe kao što takvu istu šansu ima neki obični pripadnik srednje klase?

Reći da postojanje Bitkoina podriva narativ o oskudnosti Bitkoina je isto što i reći da postojanje gomile automobilskih marki podriva narativ o kvalitetu Mercedesa ili Audija?! Ili da postojanje brojnih drugih metala i njihovih legura podriva narativ o retkosti zlata?! Udeo Bitkoina u celokupnom kripto tržištu je oko 65% tako da i brojke taj narativ veoma efikasno opovrgavaju zato što se izrazita većina tržišta jasno opredelila koja je kripto-imovina najkvalitetnija i najpouzdanija. Da li bi nastanak na stotine novih krš automobilskih marki podrio narativ o kvalitetu Mercedesa? Isto tako nastanak desetina hiljada šitkoina ne može podriti legitimnost Bitkoina.

Bogaćenje putem Bitkoina niti je lako niti je on cilj. Cilj je bio da se izbace treće strane iz elektronskih plaćanja i da se očuva kupovna moć novca time što bi on imao fiksnu količinu. Takođe i da taj novi monetarni sistem bude otporan na korupciju i kontrolu centralnog autoriteta. Sve ove funkcije Bitkoin radi izuzetno uspešno.

Meni kao slobodnom pojedincu NE TREBA nikakav podsticaj da trošim ili investiram, ja sam suvereni pojedinac koji zna šta je u mom najboljem interesu. A ponajmanje ću prihvatiti da me neko "podstiče" da trošim i investiram time što će mi erodirati kupovnu moć novca. Na stranu što je to besmisleno zato što je svako prinuđen da troši da bi mogao da preživi tako da i Bitkoineri itekako troše i investiraju, samo što će donositi mnogo racionalnije i proračunatije ekonomske odluke. Zašto da investiram u neku firmu koja ima projektovani rast 5% godišnje ako do BTC-a očekujem rast 10%? Jednoga dana će stope rasta BTC-a biti mnogo manje nego danas pa će vremenom biti lakše naći isplative investicije koje će mi zapravo uvećavati kapital denominiran u Bitkoinu. Tada će Bitkoineri biti više nego srećni da investiraju. Ti ako se toliki altruista i toliko brineš za ekonomiju slobodno investiraj fiat ali baci nekada pogled na vrednost svog kapitala izraženu kroz BTC i da li se ona uvećava ili smanjuje. ;).

Što se tiče zlata i ekonomskih kriza, može da se gleda i sa druge strane. FED je napravljen 1913, zar ti se ne čini možda da su oni odgovorni za Veliku depresiju 1929. i da li se period koji je tome prethodio zvao "roaring twenties" zahvaljujući zlatu ili jeftinom kapitalu koje su potpomogle novoformirane Federalne Rezerve?

Šta ima loše u deflaciji i u tome da cene vremenom padaju umesto da rastu čineći život običnom čoveku sve težim? Deflacija je loša samo po poverioce zato što će u jednom trenutku dužnici koji sada štede u čvrstoj valuti vratiti dug pa će siroti kamataši izgubiti klijenta. Onda se neće zaduživati da bi investirali ili kupovali već će to raditi iz akumulirane štednje. Svaka inflacija je pljačka, ako je rast produktivnosti 5% uz istu inflaciju, neko ti je ukrao 5% kupovne moći koju bi uvećao samim razvojem tehnologije koji je suštinski deflatoran. Deflacija je neizbežna, pa kalkulator je sada besplatan zato što su njegovi troškovi prozivodnje pali na nulu, samim tim i njegov cena.

Kako je moguće da je BTC blizu ATH, a da je većina ljudi izgubila? izgubili su samo oni koji su prodali zato što nisu znali šta poseduju. Ko se pravilno informisao i nije slušao Pitera Šifa, Krugmana ili Taleba pa je držao bilo koji period duži od 4 godine, taj je uvećao kupovnu moć. Ja nisam ni whale niti neka krupna riba niti radim za neku extra platu, samo sam dobro proučio materiju, znao šta posedujem, trošio manje od zarađenog, radio DCA, čuvao i čekao da vreme odradi svoje. Tako da mi niko ne može reći da to ne može svako ko ima bar malo finansijske pismenosti i samodiscipline kada je trošenje u pitanju.

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hn-mc: Što se tiče sadašnjeg sistema on je loš u smislu nejednakosti, ali je problem u tome što bi hiperbitkoinizacija dovela do još veće nejednakosti. Ako kritikuješ sadašnji sistem, a nudiš još gori, onda je ta kritika isprazni whataboutizam.

Štampanje para (i pored Kantilon efekta o kome bitkoineri vole da govore), ipak donekle dovodi i do razređivanja bogatstva i do neke redistribucije. Jer te nove pare ko dobija? Često dobiju ljudi koji nemaju, a treba, im npr. ljudi koji dignu kredit za stan, ili npr. penzioneri, državni službenici, itd... Povećanjem ukupne količine novca, udio starih vlasnika u ukupnom bogatstvu se smanjuje i cijeli sistem postaje više protočan, dinamičniji, ne toliko statičan.

S druge strane u bitkoin svijetu, bukvalno mentalitet je takav da se svi ustreme kao kobci na tih 21 milion, nastoje to da razgrabe, i da onda drže do daljnjeg i nikom ne daju. Bukvalno kao kad klejmuješ zemlju i kažeš "MOJE". Imaš ti bitkoinaških glava koji su u fazonu, nikad neću trošiti svoj bitkoin, ako mi trebaju pare, diću kredit, a koristiti bitkoin kao kolateralu. Ono u fazonu, buy, borrow, die.

A prije smrti, prenesi na potomstvo, da se tako nastavi bitkoin dinastija.

Ovdje griješiš:

Pritom pojava Bitkoina ne onemogućava postojeću dominantnu klasu da učestvuje u toj novoj raspodeli pošto i oni imaju jednake šanse da uzmu deo tog novog novca za sebe kao što takvu istu šansu ima neki obični pripadnik srednje klase?

Apsolutno netačno. Naravno da će postojeći milijarderi imati neuporedivo veću šansu da postanu i bitkoin vejlovi i da ih bole kurci ako btc padne i 80%, neće prodati, jer im je btc, samo 1% njihovog basnoslovnog bogatstva. Ti misliš da ta redistribucija ide u korist sirotinje, što je potpuno netačno. Kao što sam već pisao, sitne ribe uglavnom (čast izuzecima) propadaju u tom btc ekosistemu u bivaju ošišane.

Postojeći sistem se makar razrjeđuje štampanjem i dinamičniji je, a btc je statičan, zacementiran i ispunjen vrlo čudnim mentalitetom.

Šta ima loše u deflaciji?

To što djeluje destimulativno na investicije i na potrošnju. Samo to. Taj efekat možda nije toliko veliki - neće ljudi prestati da troše, daleko od toga. Ali efekat svakako postoji.

A što se tiče kupovne moći sama inflacija i deflacija su potpuno irelevantne. Bitno je da li plate prate rast ili pad cijena.

Uprkos mitu da plate ne prate rast cijena, one to itekako prate i čak rastu brže. Jer kako bi drugačije objasnio ipak evidentan rast standarda tokom godina?

Ako bi bilo istina ono što ljudi koji šire paniku o inflaciji pričaju, s vremenom bi standard bio sve gori, jer bi cijene rasle brže od plata. A to ipak nije slučaj. Uporedi kako se sad živi, i kako se živjelo prije 20 godina. A pregurali smo i SEKU i Covid, pa se opet živi bolje nego ranije.

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BTCSRB: "Povećanjem ukupne količine novca, udio starih vlasnika u ukupnom bogatstvu se smanjuje i cijeli sistem postaje više protočan, dinamičniji, ne toliko statičan."

Ovde sam prestao da čitam. Ovo nije prva činjenična neistina koju si izneo ali je najpokvarenija. Naravno da su u poslednjih 50 godina bogatiji postali još bogatiji, a siromašni još siromašniji. Naravno da je 1% na vrhu uvećalo svoje bogatstvo više od ostalih 99%.

Samo si pokazao da ne znaš puno o ekonomiji, a još manje o Bitkoinu.

Uostalom nije ni bitno, vreme će pokazati ko je u pravu kao što je pokazao i period od prethodnih 16 godina.

Poenta je da šta god vi opsesivno-kompulzivni protivnici Bitkoina uradili, prosto nemate načina da sprečite nekoga da koristi novac koji želi i za koji misli da je bolji i da razmenjuje vrednost sa ostalim korisnicima tog novca.

Vi ste zapravo štetočine jer nećete nijednog Bitkoinera prevesti nazad ali ćete ogroman broj ljudi odvratiti od prelaska na BTC dok se nalazi u fazi monetizacije, dakle samo im nanosite štetu čak iako mislite da to radite iz najbolje namere.

BTC je odavno dostigao "escape velocity" pa je vaše mišljenje po sudbinu Bitkoina potpuno irelevantno ali je itekako relevantno u negativnom smislu po ljude koji vas slušaju.

Neka svako iz ove diskusije izvuče svoje zaključke i neka bude svestan posledica (ne)prihvatanja novog superiornog oblika novca u fazi monetizacije.

hn-mc: Ja sam doskora mislio da će bitkoin zaista uspijeti i doseći te lude vrijednosti o kojima se priča - milion, pet miliona, ko zna. Mislio sam da mu je ta trajektorija zagarantovana i da to ništa neće spriječiti. To je prosto determinizam. I iskreno, prilično sam se plašio toga, jer sam smatrao da bi to bio poprilično distopijski ishod.

Konto sam, bitkoin će uspijeti, ali to neće biti dobro za svijet, za društvo i za ekonomiju. Naravno, biće i više nego dobro za one koji ga imaju.

To mi je bio stav.

A onda sam skonto da će bitkoin, vjerovatno ipak propasti, pa samim tim ti moji strahovi od distopije postaju manje relevantni.

Zašto mislim da će propasti?

Prosto zato što mu je neophodan konstantan brzi rast, da bi se održao, a konstantan brzi rast je prosto nemoguć na dugi rok.

Brzi, jak rast je neophodan da bi se održale tri stvari koje su od vitalnog značaja za bitkoin:

1. Moon narativ kao jedini pravi value proposition.
2. Isplativost majninga kao nešto što je neophodno za bezbednost mreže.
3. Jeftinoća transakcija.

Bez jakog rasta, uz stalne halvinge, majning postaje manje isplativ, mreža time manje bezbedna, transakcije postaju skuplje, jer kako drugačije majneri da zarade, istovremeno pada u vodu moon narativ koji je većini jedini pravi razlog za kupovinu.

Kad bitkoin postane "samo" store of value, ili neki standardni instrument štednje bez moon narativa, malo ko će imati motiva da ga kupi, jer su u svrhu obične, regularne štednje, bez moon narativa, zlato i državne obveznice mnogo bolji instrument, a indeksni fond uz to pruža i mnogo veći potencijal za zaradu, kao što i treba da bude (da se nagradi investiranje, a ne pasivno držanje kapitala).

Dakle, za opstanak bitkoina neophodan je jak, brz rast.

A ako uzmemo zadnjih par ciklusa, vidimo da se taj rast sve više usporava, i to se usporava još brže od nekih prognoza. Npr. za prošli ciklus prognoza je bila 100k - 200k, a on došao samo do 69k. Sad za ovaj ciklus opet se spominje 200k, a veliko je pitanje da li će doći i do 150k. Po meni je realno do 130k.

Šta to onda govori o ciklusima. Ako u odnosu na prošli ovaj nije napravio ni 2x rasta, onda za naredni možemo očekivati možda tek, 1.5x. Znači ako sad bude 130k, onda možda 2029. bude 195k...

Takav tempo rasta, toliko usporavanje, postaće uskoro nedovoljno, i bitkoin će postati neodrživ.

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hn-mc: BTW, svjestan sam da ako bitkoin uspije, mogu teoretski biti "štetočina" spram onih koji me slušaju, ali je veća šansa da će im čak i u tom slučaju moj savjet biti koristan - jer praksa je pokazala da je većina investitora dosad završila u minusu iz ovih ili onih razloga. To su prosto sirovi podaci.

To da nećeš izgubiti pare ako držiš duže od 4 godine dosad se pokazalo kao tačno, ali ni to nije zagarantovano u budućnosti.

A veliki broj ljudi iz nekog razloga proda ranije.

barrons.com/news/three-out-of-four-bitcoin-investors-have-lost-money-study-01668454507

Evo ti članak, kaže 75% ljudi koji se "bakćalo" s bitkoinom, završili u minusu.

Samo držanje bitkoina za mnoge ljude je stres jer nemaju povjerenja u to, i ako vide da nema brzog rasta, neće da drže svoj kapital u nečem tako rizičnom. Sa berze koini mogu nestati, ne bi bilo prvi put. Onlajn wallet može biti lažni, ili hakovan. Hardware wallet je dodatna investicija i za mnoge ljude too technical, itd...

Ja sam imao nekad nešto malo btc-a i dok sam imao to u btc-u ja sam smatrao da te pare NEMAM. Dok god ne vratiš to u keš koji ti je dostupan na računu, računaš da ih nemaš, jer nikad nisi 100% siguran da će svi koraci proći kako treba do samog kraja kad ti to legne na račun. Može ti hakovat, možeš se zajebat poslat na pogrešnu adresu, može te zajebat kriptomjenjačnica, svašta može bit.

Tek kad sam prodao i kad mi je leglo na račun, skonto sam da sam zaradio nešto i da je to realno.

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

De laatste zonnestralen van de dag streken over de eeuwige golven en weerkaatsten als lichtpuntjes in de ogen van schipper Joris terwijl hij nog een slok nam van zijn glazen fles die de vorm had van het hoofd van een oude monnik.

Gekregen van een oude vrouw uit de bergen van de Himalaya, zorgde de rum genaamd 'Old Monk' voor een verwarmend gezelschap op deze eenzame kerstnacht.

Joris had met zijn boot naar India gevaren nadat zijn vrouw hem had verlaten en hij een Indiër had ontmoet die had gezegd: "Waar ik vandaan kom, zijn vrouwen vrij en worden ze niet gezien als enkel en alleen de mooie lichamen die zij bezitten of als eeuwig bezit van een gezin."

Verward en ongelovig had Joris gekeken naar de wereld en besefte dat vrouwen inderdaad slechts gezien werden als hun fysieke schoonheid, genegeerd werden voor hun koesterende gevoeligheid en bekritiseerd werden door hun spontane intensheid en had hierop voor twee jaar lang gezocht in India naar deze vrije vrouwen met als enig resultaat een oude vrouw te ontmoeten die alleen in de bergen woonde en dagelijks haar wijsheid deelde met ieder luisterend oor.

Daar ging het doorzichtig monnikshoofd en verliet met een grote gebogen vlucht de hand van schipper Joris toen plots met groot kabaal de boot abrupt tot stilstand kwam en Joris hals over kop naar de andere kant van het dek geslingerd werd.

Het monnikshoofd verdween in het donker terwijl Joris zijn lichaam probeerde te lokaliseren en met zijn ogen wijd open zijn hersenen zo veel mogelijk informatie probeerde door te spelen.

Tevergeefs, want zijn enorme verschot werd gevolgd door een enkel groeiende verbazing, ongeloof en desoriëntatie toen de boot begon te kantelen.

De bundel licht, afkomstig van de mast van de boot, zwierde doorheen het donker en kwam te schijnen op een gigantische rots in het midden van de zee die werd bezeten door een oogverblindende glinstergroene schijn.

Uit het donker kwam het monnikshoofd, dat nog steeds in volle vlucht was, in het vizier van de lichtbundel en plaatste zich exact tussen de glinstergroene verschijning en Joris waarbij Joris doorheen het monnikshoofd gezegend werd met het zicht op een pracht van een zeemeermin die uitnodigend poseerde op de rots.

Met een luide plons viel Joris achterover in het water toen hij zich realiseerde dat vrouwen zichzelf ook lieten vangen door lust en hun uiterlijke opmaakcompetities en met een dankbare glimlach zonk hij naar de bodem van de zee en was opnieuw geboren.

@ 2b998b04:86727e47

ファースト・プリンシプルズ（First Principles）序章

この序章は「ファースト・プリンシプルズ」と題した7回シリーズの始まりです。分散化、コスト、自由、そして真実の奥にある本質的な変化を探ります。7回なのは、1週間のリズム——働き、休み、立ち返るというリズム——に合わせたからです。それぞれの記事は、私が受け入れてきた技術や哲学の根底にある真理を掘り下げます。分散化と主権、真実、時間、そして希望まで。\ \ テクノロジーはコストをゼロに近づける——よくそう言われます。

これは『The Price of Tomorrow』という書籍の主張でもあります。技術が進化するほど、自然とデフレ（物価下落）を引き起こす。自動化は労働を置き換え、ソフトウェアはインフラを代替し、AIは意思決定そのものを肩代わりする。限界費用（追加生産にかかるコスト）は限りなくゼロに近づく。

——でも、それだけじゃない。

そこには、経済学者や技術者が見落としがちな「もう一層の深さ」があります。

単に「生産コスト」が下がるかどうかではなく、問うべきは 中央集権による「コントロール・コスト（支配コスト）」 です。

限界費用が下がっても、中央集権の「隠れた代償」は上がっていくのです。

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「無料」という幻想

たとえば、GitHub。

一見無料です。静的ウェブサイトを公開し、コードをホストし、Actionsで自動化し、グローバルに協業することもできる——全部、無料で。

でもGitHubはMicrosoftに所有されています。あなたはサーバーを管理できない。プラットフォームを所有していない。鍵（アクセス権限）も持っていない。

つまり、それは「取り上げられるかもしれない贈り物」にすぎない。

Google Docsも、YouTubeも、Substackも同じ。「無料で始めよう」というクラウドサービス全般も。

これらのツールが悪いわけではありません。むしろ、優れたものも多い。

でも「中立」ではないのです。

あなたが支払う代償は、必ずしもドルではありません。ときに、それは：

• データアクセスの制限

• APIの利用制限

• 突然の料金変更

• 検閲やアカウント停止

• サービス移行にかかるコスト（特に問題が起きた時）

これは 中央集権プラットフォームの「隠れた家賃」 です。しかも、時間とともに複利的に増えていきます。

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コントロール・コスト vs 限界費用

限界費用が「これを作るのにどれだけ安いか？」だとすれば、\ コントロール・コストは「これを使うことでどれだけ自由を失うか？」です。

Mediumなら無料で記事を投稿できますが、SEO（検索表示順位）は向こうのもの。\ Shopifyでビジネスを始められますが、彼らの判断でアカウントが停止される可能性もある。\ Instagramでフォロワーを増やしても、フィードを支配するのはアルゴリズムです。

私たちは「デフレ」を喜ぶように訓練されてきました。でも、実際には多くのツールが、参入コストを下げながら、コントロール・コストを膨らませているのです。

ここで、分散化（Decentralization） が物語を逆転させます。

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分散化の本当の約束

本当の分散化は、ただ「安くする」だけじゃありません。\ それは「主権（Sovereignty）」をもたらします。

価格だけでなく、力を分配する。\ 手数料ゲートではなく、支配の構造そのものを取り除く。

こう言えるのです：

• 自分の鍵を自分で持て

• 自分のコンテンツを自分で持て

• 自分のスタックを自分で構築せよ

• 自分の配信チャネルを自分で持て

だからこそ、Nostr が重要。\ だからこそ、Bitcoin が重要。\ だからこそ、たとえ不便でも、セルフホスティングやパーミッションレスなプロトコル、オープンソースのツールが大切なのです。

彼らは「安くしてくれる」だけじゃない。\ 私たちの 自由 を守ってくれる。

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実例：私のブログ構築

私がブログ blog.stantonweb.com を作り始めたとき、\ 最も楽な方法は選びませんでした。

私は以下を組み合わせました：

• 長文投稿に Nostr

• 投稿を取得・表示するためのPythonスクリプト

• GitHub Actions で自動化

• 表示は静的HTML

• ホスティングは GitHub Pages + Cloudflare（無料）

データベースも、CMSも、テーマ課金もなし。

限界費用？ 0ドルです。

でももっと重要なのは、コントロール・コストも限りなくゼロだということ。\ 誰にも止められない。\ 企業にリーチを制限されない。\ ゲートキーパーが「掲載に値するか」を判断しない。

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新しい「コスト」定義へ

価格だけを最適化すれば、捕らわれる。

自由を最適化すれば、やがて「余白」を築ける——金銭的余白だけでなく、創造の余白、道徳の余白、運営の余白も。

それが分散化の真価。\ 安いだけじゃない。\ より真実なものへ。

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補足：過去からの教訓

Skypeを覚えていますか？\ 当初は真のP2Pツールで、構造的に分散されていました。でもMicrosoftに買収され、中央集権型に再設計され、やがてその中身は解体されました。

Napsterも同様。P2Pで音楽業界を揺るがしましたが、最終的には停止され、中央集権型の代替サービスに取って代わられました。

BitTorrentは生き残りました——それは「ただのプラットフォーム」にならなかったからです。

このパターンは明白です：

• 資本が集まれば中央集権になる

• 支配があれば検閲も起きる

• しかし、自由は分散化から生まれる

そして私たちは、何度でもこの道を選び直さなければならないのです。

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共同執筆：ChatGPT（“Dr. C”）が主要な論点の整理と精緻化をサポートしました。\ \ 数日以内にPart 1を公開予定。ご期待ください。

—\ blog.stantonweb.com およびNostrにて公開中。\ Zap（投げ銭）リンク：https://tinyurl.com/yuyu2b9t

@ 5627e59c:d484729e

Zonneschijn\ Stralen, lachen, zo fijn\ Moge de wereld dankbaar zijn

De vrouw, mijn gevoeligheid\ Bron van creativiteit

Genietend niets doen in het gras\ Met wat brood en wat wijn in het glas