-
@ a5ee4475:2ca75401
2025-06-04 18:11:52clients #link #list #english #article #finalversion #descentralismo
*These clients are generally applications on the Nostr network that allow you to use the same account, regardless of the app used, keeping your messages and profile intact.
**However, you may need to meet certain requirements regarding access and account NIP for some clients, so that you can access them securely and use their features correctly.
CLIENTS
Twitter like
- Nostrmo - [source] 🌐💻(🐧🪟🍎)🍎🤖(on zapstore)
- Coracle - Super App [source] 🌐🤖(on zapstore)
- Amethyst - Super App with note edit, delete and other stuff with Tor [source] 🤖(on zapstore)
- Primal - Social and wallet [source] 🌐🍎🤖(on zapstore)
- Iris - [source] 🌐🤖🍎
- Current - [source] 🤖🍎
- FreeFrom 🤖🍎
- Openvibe - Nostr and others (new Plebstr) [source] 🤖🍎
- Snort 🌐(🤖[early access]) [onion] [source]
- Damus 🍎 [source]
- Nos 🍎 [source]
- Nostur 🍎 [source]
- NostrBand 🌐 [info] [source]
- Yana [source] 🌐💻(🐧) 🍎🤖(on zapstore)
- Nostribe [on development] 🌐 [source]
- Lume 💻(🐧🪟🍎) [info] [source]
- Gossip - [source] 💻(🐧🪟🍎)
- noStrudel - Gamified Experience [onion] [info/source] 🌐
- [Nostrudel Next] - [onion]
- moStard - Nostrudel with Monero [onion] [info/source] 🌐
- Camelus - [source] 🤖 [early access]
Community
- CCNS - Community Curated Nostr Stuff [source]
- Nostr Kiwi [creator] 🌐
- Satellite [info] 🌐
- Flotilla - [source] 🌐🐧🤖(on zapstore)
- Chachi - [source] 🌐
- Futr - Coded in haskell [source] 🐧 (others soon)
- Soapbox - Comunnity server [info] [source] 🌐
- Ditto - Soapbox community server 🌐 [source] 🌐
- Cobrafuma - Nostr brazilian community on Ditto [info] 🌐
- Zapddit - Reddit like [source] 🌐
- Voyage (Reddit like) [on development] 🤖
Wiki
- Wikifreedia - Wiki Dark mode [source] 🌐
- Wikinostr - Wiki with tabs clear mode [source] 🌐
- Wikistr - Wiki clear mode [info] [source] 🌐
Search
- Keychat - Signal-like chat with AI and browser [source] 💻(🐧🪟🍎) - 📱(🍎🤖{on zapstore})
- Spring - Browser for Nostr apps and other sites [source] 🤖 (on zapstore)
- Advanced nostr search - Advanced note search by isolated terms related to a npub profile [source] 🌐
- Nos Today - Global note search by isolated terms [info] [source] 🌐
- Nostr Search Engine - API for Nostr clients [source]
- Ntrends - Trending notes and profiles 🌐
Website
- Nsite - Nostr Site [onion] [info] [source]
- Nsite Gateway - Nostr Site Gateway [source]
- Npub pro - Your site on Nostr [source]
App Store
ZapStore - Permitionless App Store [source] 🤖 💻(🐧🍎)
Video and Live Streaming
- Flare - Youtube like 🌐 [source]
- ZapStream - Lives, videos, shorts and zaps (NIP-53) [source] 🌐 🤖(lives only | Amber | on zapstore)
- StreamCat - [source code dont found]
- Shosho - Stream your camera [source] 🤖(on zapstore)
- Swae - Live streaming [source] (on development) ⏳
Post Aggregator - Kinostr - Nostr Cinema with #kinostr [english] [author] 🌐 - Stremstr - Nostr Cinema with #kinostr [english] [source] 🤖
Link Agreggator - Kinostr - #kinostr - Nostr Cinema Profile with links [English] - Equinox - Nostr Cinema Community with links [Portuguese]
Audio and Podcast Transmission
- Castr - Your npub as podcast feed [source]
- Nostr Nests - Audio Chats [source] 🌐
- Fountain - Podcast [source] 🤖🍎
- Corny Chat - Audio Chat [source] 🌐
Music
- Tidal - Music Streaming [source] [about] [info] 🤖🍎🌐
- Wavlake - Music Streaming [source] 🌐(🤖🍎 [early access])
- Tunestr - Musical Events [source] [about] 🌐
- Stemstr - Musical Colab (paid to post) [source] [about] 🌐
Images
- Lumina - Trending images and pictures [source] 🌐
- Pinstr - Pinterest like [source] 🌐
- Slidestr - DeviantArt like [source] 🌐
- Memestr - ifunny like [source] 🌐
Download and Upload
Documents, graphics and tables
- Mindstr - Mind maps [source] 🌐
- Docstr - Share Docs [info] [source] 🌐
- Formstr - Share Forms [info] 🌐
- Sheetstr - Share Spreadsheets [source] 🌐
- Slide Maker - Share slides 🌐 [Advice: Slide Maker https://zaplinks.lol/ site is down]
Health
- Sobrkey - Sobriety and mental health [source] 🌐
- Runstr - Running app [source] 🌐
- NosFabrica - Finding ways for your health data 🌐
- LazerEyes - Eye prescription by DM [source] 🌐
Forum
- OddBean - Hacker News like [info] [source] 🌐
- LowEnt - Forum [info] 🌐
- Swarmstr - Q&A / FAQ [info] 🌐
- Staker News - Hacker News like 🌐 [info]
Direct Messenges (DM)
- 0xchat 🤖🍎 [source]
- Nostr Chat 🌐🍎 [source]
- Blowater 🌐 [source]
- Anigma (new nostrgram) - Telegram based [on development] [source]
Reading
- Oracolo - A minimalist Nostr html blog [source]
- nRSS - Nostr RSS reader 🌐
- Highlighter - Insights with a highlighted read [info] 🌐
- Zephyr - Calming to Read [info] 🌐
- Flycat - Clean and Healthy Feed [info] 🌐
- Nosta - Check Profiles [on development] [info] 🌐
- Alexandria - e-Reader and Nostr Knowledge Base (NKB) [source] 🌐
Writing
- Habla - Blog [info] 🌐
- Blogstack - Blog [info]🌐
- YakiHonne - Articles and News [info] 🌐🍎🤖(on zapstore)
Lists
- Following - Users list [source] 🌐
- Nostr Unfollower - Nostr Unfollower
- Listr - Lists [source] 🌐
- Nostr potatoes - Movies List [source] 💻(numpy)
Market and Jobs
- Shopstr - Buy and Sell [onion] [source] 🌐
- Nostr Market - Buy and Sell 🌐
- Plebeian Market - Buy and Sell [source] 🌐
- Ostrich Work - Jobs [source] 🌐
- Nostrocket - Jobs [source] 🌐
Data Vending Machines - DVM (NIP90)
(Data-processing tools)
Games
- Chesstr - Chess 🌐 [source]
- Jestr - Chess [source] 🌐
- Snakestr - Snake game [source] 🌐
- Snakes on a Relay - Multiplayer Snake game like slither.io [source] 🌐
ENGINES - DEG Mods - Decentralized Game Mods [info] [source] 🌐 - NG Engine - Nostr Game Engine [source] 🌐 - JmonkeyEngine - Java game engine [source] 🌐
Customization
Like other Services
- Olas - Instagram like [source] 🌐🍎🤖(on zapstore)
- Nostree - Linktree like 🌐
- Rabbit - TweetDeck like [info] 🌐
- Zaplinks - Nostr links 🌐
- Omeglestr - Omegle-like Random Chats [source] 🌐
General Uses
- Njump - HTML text gateway source 🌐
- Filestr - HTML midia gateway [source] 🌐
- W3 - Nostr URL shortener [source] 🌐
- Playground - Test Nostr filters [source] 🌐
Places
- Wherostr - Travel and show where you are
- Arc Map (Mapstr) - Bitcoin Map [info]
Driver and Delivery
- RoadRunner - Uber like [on development] ⏱️
- Nostrlivery - iFood like [on development] ⏱️
⚠️ SCAM ⚠️ | Arcade City - Uber like [source]
OTHER STUFF
Lightning Wallets (zap)
- Wallet of Satoshi - Simplest Lightning Wallet [info] 🤖🍎
- Coinos - Web wallet and Nostr client [source] 🌐
- Alby - Native and extension [info] [source] 🌐
- Minibits - Cashu mobile wallet [info] 🤖
- LNbits - App and extension [source] 🤖🍎💻
- Zeus - [info] [source] 🤖🍎
- Blink - Open source custodial wallet (KYC over 1000 usd) [source] 🤖🍎
⚠️ ZBD - Zap Gaming wallet and no more Social [closed source] [info] [some resources] 🤖 ⚠️ ZBD suddenly canceled my account for alleged Terms of Service violations, gives me no explanation and won't let me withdraw my money ⚠️
Without Zap - Wassabi Wallet - Privacy-focused and non-custodial with Nostr Update Manager [source]
Exchange
Media Server (Upload Links)
audio, image and video
Connected with Nostr (NIP):
- Nostr Build - Free and paid Upload [info] [source] 🌐
- NostrMedia - Written in Go with Nip 96 / Blossom (free and paid) [info] [source]
- Nostr Check - [info] [source] 🌐
- NostPic - [info] [source] 🌐
- Sovbit - Free and paid upload [info] [source] 🌐
- Voidcat - Nip-96 and Blossom [source] 🌐
- Primal Media - Primal Media Uploader [source] 🌐
Blossom - Your Media Safer
- Primal Blossom 🌐
- NostrBuild Blossom - Free upload (max 100MiB) and paid [info] [source] 🌐
Paid Upload Only
- Satellite CDN - prepaid upload (max 5GB each) [info] [source] 🌐
Without Nostr NIP:
- Pomf - Upload larger videos (max 1GB) [source]
- Catbox - max 200 MB [source]
- x0 - max 512 MiB [source]
Donation and payments
- Zapper - Easy Zaps [source] 🌐
- Autozap [source] 🌐
- Zapmeacoffee 🌐
- Nostr Zap 💻(numpy)
- Creatr - Creators subscription 🌐
- Geyzer - Crowdfunding [info] [source] 🌐
- Heya! - Crowdfunding [source]
Security
- Secret Border - Generate offline keys 💻(java)
- Umbrel - Your private relay [source] 🌐
Key signing/login and Extension
- Amber - Key signing [source] 🤖(on zapstore)
- Nowser - Account access keys 📱(🤖🍎) 💻(🐧🍎🪟)
- Nos2x - Account access keys 🌐
- Nsec.app 🌐 [info]
- Lume - [info] [source] 🐧🪟🍎
- Satcom - Share files to discuss - [info] 🌐
- KeysBand - Multi-key signing [source] 🌐
Code
- Stacks - AI Templates [info] [source] 🌐
- Nostrify - Share Nostr Frameworks 🌐
- Git Workshop (github like) [experimental] 🌐
- Gitstr (github like) [on development] ⏱️
- Osty [on development] [info] 🌐
- Python Nostr - Python Library for Nostr
- Sybil - Creating, managing and test Nostr events [on development] ⏱️
Relay Check and Cloud
- Nostr Watch - See your relay speed 🌐
- NosDrive - Nostr Relay that saves to Google Drive
Bidges and Getways
- Matrixtr Bridge - Between Matrix & Nostr
- Mostr - Between Nostr & Fediverse
- Nostrss - RSS to Nostr
- Rsslay - Optimized RSS to Nostr [source]
- Atomstr - RSS/Atom to Nostr [source]
Useful Profiles and Trends
nostr-voice - Voice note (just some clients)
NOT RELATED TO NOSTR
Voca - Text-to-Speech App for GrapheneOS [source] 🤖(on zapstore)
Android Keyboards
Personal notes and texts
Front-ends
- Nitter - Twitter / X without your data [source]
- NewPipe - Youtube, Peertube and others, without account & your data [source] 🤖
- Piped - Youtube web without you data [source] 🌐
Other Services
- Brave - Browser [source]
- DuckDuckGo - Search [source]
- LLMA - Meta - Meta open source AI [source]
- DuckDuckGo AI Chat - Famous AIs without Login [source]
- Proton Mail - Mail [source]
Other open source index: Degoogled Apps
Some other Nostr index on:
-
@ a19caaa8:88985eaf
2025-06-02 16:53:52
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpfh373gqszm9hf6a4zk8x28erj20sv2t9nz25uvu29599g5n3rctqyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qyghwumn8ghj7u3wddhk56tjvyhxjmcqyr9n8kfk8zac3m0kxzd3j7l6heulvc5aldm84426a4u43p9ern93uc8plqa
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpfh373gqszm9hf6a4zk8x28erj20sv2t9nz25uvu29599g5n3rctqyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qyghwumn8ghj7u3wddhk56tjvyhxjmcqyqlfmq35x9eytafmxd37r26s773hucd5e9xyruap6kef95x8ynt6wfu8dt7
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpklshm8nfqmq9ca8xdzjj4xnzv5djf60s0c0aygw5zwlfx6mp0fpqyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qyghwumn8ghj7u3wddhk56tjvyhxjmcqyqgryqzmawchl6396jvhys63vhh8ruh2j4pz5e4zv88nk3vqdpt57l3509y
↑これってたゃの拾得ミス？
-
@ 8bad92c3:ca714aa5
2025-06-04 18:02:44
Key Takeaways
Michael Goldstein, aka Bitstein, presents a sweeping philosophical and economic case for going “all in” on Bitcoin, arguing that unlike fiat, which distorts capital formation and fuels short-term thinking, Bitcoin fosters low time preference, meaningful saving, and long-term societal flourishing. At the heart of his thesis is “hodling for good”—a triple-layered idea encompassing permanence, purpose, and the pursuit of higher values like truth, beauty, and legacy. Drawing on thinkers like Aristotle, Hoppe, and Josef Pieper, Goldstein redefines leisure as contemplation, a vital practice in aligning capital with one’s deepest ideals. He urges Bitcoiners to think beyond mere wealth accumulation and consider how their sats can fund enduring institutions, art, and architecture that reflect a moral vision of the future.
Best Quotes
“Let BlackRock buy the houses, and you keep the sats.”
“We're not hodling just for the sake of hodling. There is a purpose to it.”
“Fiat money shortens your time horizon… you can never rest.”
“Savings precedes capital accumulation. You can’t build unless you’ve saved.”
“You're increasing the marginal value of everyone else’s Bitcoin.”
“True leisure is contemplation—the pursuit of the highest good.”
“What is Bitcoin for if not to make the conditions for magnificent acts of creation possible?”
“Bitcoin itself will last forever. Your stack might not. What will outlast your coins?”
“Only a whale can be magnificent.”
“The market will sell you all the crack you want. It’s up to you to demand beauty.”
Conclusion
This episode is a call to reimagine Bitcoin as more than a financial revolution—it’s a blueprint for civilizational renewal. Michael Goldstein reframes hodling as an act of moral stewardship, urging Bitcoiners to lower their time preference, build lasting institutions, and pursue truth, beauty, and legacy—not to escape the world, but to rebuild it on sound foundations.
Timestamps
00:00 - Intro
00:50 - Michael’s BBB presentation Hodl for Good
07:27 - Austrian principles on capital
15:40 - Fiat distorts the economic process
23:34 - Bitkey
24:29 - Hodl for Good triple entendre
29:52 - Bitcoin benefits everyone
39:05 - Unchained
40:14 - Leisure theory of value
52:15 - Heightening life
1:15:48 - Breaking from the chase makes room for magnificence
1:32:32 - Nakamoto Institute’s missionTranscript
(00:00) Fiat money is by its nature a disturbance. If money is being continually produced, especially at an uncertain rate, these uh policies are really just redistribution of wealth. Most are looking for number to go up post hyper bitcoinization. The rate of growth of bitcoin would be more reflective of the growth of the economy as a whole.
(00:23) Ultimately, capital requires knowledge because it requires knowing there is something that you can add to the structures of production to lengthen it in some way that will take time but allow you to have more in the future than you would today. Let Black Rockck buy the houses and you keep the sats, not the other way around.
(00:41) You wait until later for Larry Frink to try to sell you a [Music] mansion. And we're live just like that. Just like that. 3:30 on a Friday, Memorial Day weekend. It's a good good good way to end the week and start the holiday weekend. Yes, sir. Yes, sir. Thank you for having me here. Thank you for coming. I wore this hat specifically because I think it's I think it's very apppropo uh to the conversation we're going to have which is I hope an extension of the presentation you gave at Bitblock Boom Huddle for good. You were working on
(01:24) that for many weeks leading up to uh the conference and explaining how you were structuring it. I think it's a very important topic to discuss now as the Bitcoin price is hitting new all-time highs and people are trying to understand what am I doing with Bitcoin? Like you have you have the different sort of factions within Bitcoin.
(01:47) Uh get on a Bitcoin standard, get on zero, spend as much Bitcoin as possible. You have the sailors of the world are saying buy Bitcoin, never sell, die with your Bitcoin. And I think you do a really good job in that presentation. And I just think your understanding overall of Bitcoin is incredible to put everything into context. It's not either or.
(02:07) It really depends on what you want to accomplish. Yeah, it's definitely there there is no actual one-sizefits-all um for I mean nearly anything in this world. So um yeah, I mean first of all I mean there was it was the first conference talk I had given in maybe five years. I think the one prior to that uh was um bit block boom 2019 which was my meme talk which uh has uh become infamous and notorious.
(02:43) So uh there was also a lot of like high expectations uh you know rockstar dev uh has has treated that you know uh that that talk with a lot of reference. a lot of people have enjoyed it and he was expecting this one to be, you know, the greatest one ever, which is a little bit of a little bit of a uh a burden to live up to those kinds of standards.
(03:08) Um, but you know, because I don't give a lot of talks. Um, you know, I I I like to uh try to bring ideas that might even be ideas that are common. So, something like hodling, we all talk about it constantly. uh but try to bring it from a little bit of a different angle and try to give um a little bit of uh new light to it.
(03:31) I alsove I've I've always enjoyed kind of coming at things from a third angle. Um whenever there's, you know, there's there's all these little debates that we have in in Bitcoin and sometimes it's nice to try to uh step out of it and look at it a little more uh kind of objectively and find ways of understanding it that incorporate the truths of of all of them.
(03:58) uh you know cuz I think we should always be kind of as much as possible after ultimate truth. Um so with this one um yeah I was kind of finding that that sort of golden mean. So uh um yeah and I actually I think about that a lot is uh you know Aristotle has his his concept of the golden mean. So it's like any any virtue is sort of between two vices um because you can you can always you can always take something too far.
(04:27) So you're you're always trying to find that right balance. Um so someone who is uh courageous you know uh one of the vices uh on one side is being basically reckless. I I can't remember what word he would use. Uh but effectively being reckless and just wanting to put yourself in danger for no other reason than just you know the thrill of it.
(04:50) Um and then on the other side you would just have cowardice which is like you're unwilling to put yourself um at any risk at any time. Um, and courage is right there in the middle where it's understanding when is the right time uh to put your put yourself, you know, in in the face of danger um and take it on. And so um in some sense this this was kind of me uh in in some ways like I'm obviously a partisan of hodling.
(05:20) Um, I've for, you know, a long time now talked about the, um, why huddling is good, why people do it, why we should expect it. Um, but still trying to find that that sort of golden mean of like yes, huddle, but also what are we hodling for? And it's not we're we're not hodddling just merely for the sake of hodddling.
(05:45) There there is a a purpose to it. And we should think about that. And that would also help us think more about um what are the benefits of of spending, when should we spend, why should we spend, what should we spend on um to actually give light to that sort of side of the debate. Um so that was that was what I was kind of trying to trying to get into.
(06:09) Um, as well as also just uh at the same time despite all the talk of hodling, there's always this perennial uh there's always this perennial dislike of hodlers because we're treated as uh as if um we're just free riding the network or we're just greedy or you know any of these things. And I wanted to show how uh huddling does serve a real economic purpose.
(06:36) Um, and it does benefit the individual, but it also does uh it it has actual real social um benefits as well beyond merely the individual. Um, so I wanted to give that sort of defense of hodling as well to look at it from um a a broader position than just merely I'm trying to get rich. Um uh because even the person who uh that is all they want to do um just like you know your your pure number grow up go up moonboy even that behavior has positive ramifications on on the economy.
(07:14) And while we might look at them and have uh judgments about their particular choices for them as an individual, we shouldn't discount that uh their actions are having positive positive effects for the rest of the economy. Yeah. So, let's dive into that just not even in the context of Bitcoin because I think you did a great job of this in the presentation.
(07:36) just you've done a good job of this consistently throughout the years that I've known you. Just from like a first principles Austrian economics perspective, what is the idea around capital accumulation, low time preference and deployment of that capital like what what like getting getting into like the nitty-gritty and then applying it to Bitcoin? Yeah, it's it's a big question and um in many ways I mean I I even I barely scratched the surface.
(08:05) uh I I can't claim to have read uh all the volumes of Bombber works, you know, capital and interest and and stuff like that. Um but I think there's some some sort of basic concepts that we can look at that we can uh draw a lot out. Um the first uh I guess let's write that. So repeat so like capital time preference. Yeah. Well, I guess getting more broad like why sav -
@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 16:02:59
What is KYC/AML?
- The acronym stands for Know Your Customer / Anti Money Laundering.
- In practice it stands for the surveillance measures companies are often compelled to take against their customers by financial regulators.
- Methods differ but often include: Passport Scans, Driver License Uploads, Social Security Numbers, Home Address, Phone Number, Face Scans.
- Bitcoin companies will also store all withdrawal and deposit addresses which can then be used to track bitcoin transactions on the bitcoin block chain.
- This data is then stored and shared. Regulations often require companies to hold this information for a set number of years but in practice users should assume this data will be held indefinitely. Data is often stored insecurely, which results in frequent hacks and leaks.
- KYC/AML data collection puts all honest users at risk of theft, extortion, and persecution while being ineffective at stopping crime. Criminals often use counterfeit, bought, or stolen credentials to get around the requirements. Criminals can buy "verified" accounts for as little as $200. Furthermore, billions of people are excluded from financial services as a result of KYC/AML requirements.
During the early days of bitcoin most services did not require this sensitive user data, but as adoption increased so did the surveillance measures. At this point, most large bitcoin companies are collecting and storing massive lists of bitcoiners, our sensitive personal information, and our transaction history.
Lists of Bitcoiners
KYC/AML policies are a direct attack on bitcoiners. Lists of bitcoiners and our transaction history will inevitably be used against us.
Once you are on a list with your bitcoin transaction history that record will always exist. Generally speaking, tracking bitcoin is based on probability analysis of ownership change. Surveillance firms use various heuristics to determine if you are sending bitcoin to yourself or if ownership is actually changing hands. You can obtain better privacy going forward by using collaborative transactions such as coinjoin to break this probability analysis.
Fortunately, you can buy bitcoin without providing intimate personal information. Tools such as peach, hodlhodl, robosats, azteco and bisq help; mining is also a solid option: anyone can plug a miner into power and internet and earn bitcoin by mining privately.
You can also earn bitcoin by providing goods and/or services that can be purchased with bitcoin. Long term, circular economies will mitigate this threat: most people will not buy bitcoin - they will earn bitcoin - most people will not sell bitcoin - they will spend bitcoin.
There is no such thing as KYC or No KYC bitcoin, there are bitcoiners on lists and those that are not on lists.
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
-
@ d9a329af:bef580d7
2025-06-04 18:09:31
This one is rather straightforward today, as I wanted to write something on the software I personally use in my day-to-day musical composition deal, depending on what needs to be done. I want to go a little in depth in this regard, so bear with me on this one.
For the first stop on this libreware-riddled pilgramage, the operating system.
There are two I'll be mentioning: one for beginners, and the one I use on a day-to-day basis (my daily driver).
- Linux Mint
- Fun Fact: This was my longest-running daily driver for a while (over a year or two and some change) before I switched to my current one (based upon Arch, an advanced distro)
- Beginner friendly (based upon Ubuntu, Debian if using LMDE)
- Usually works OOTB when it's set up for music production (with some exceptions on some software)
- Versatile multimedia distribution (gaming, music, art, creative writing, etc.)
- Software is old, but the distro is rock-solid.
Linux Mint... the classic choice for a popular distro aimed at GNU/Linux beginners. It's the most popular of them all, especially when it comes to Snap-free protest distros (Pop_OS! is another one that's Snap-free), and the most popular in general. It's a general-purpose OS aimed at easing beginners into Linux, and the wider FLOSS community (FLOSS is an acronym for Free/Libre Open-Source Software) of software made available using licensed like GPL, MIT, MPL, Apache-2, BSD, WTFPL, and many more of the like.
I would personally recommend the Debian Edition (LMDE) and use the Debian Testing repositories if you want up-to-date software, and not bleeding edge for APT (the package manager in Debian and Ubuntu). It will be much easier to learn how to add software repositories with a couple commands in the terminal that way, and this knowledge will transcend if you decide to move to vanilla Debian. However, if you want the Cinnamon Desktop Environment, Linux Mint is a good choice, as its developers are behind Cinnamon (It has the looks of Windows Vista, which is why it's so familiar for those switching from Windows). However, there isn't too much software in the Mint, Debian and Ubuntu repos, which is a bummer (you can just find community-maintained repos or build software from source if you have the know-how).
- CachyOS
- Fun Fact: It's my current daily driver (if you couldn't tell by now).
- Arch-based distribution focused on content creation (vibe emanation as some Nostriches call it), gaming and other multimedia work
- Optimized repositories depending on the CPU architecture family (I have V3 repos enabled, since I use a CPU that supports V3)
- Bleeding edge of software packaging
- Packages (both official and community maintained) out the wazoo (80k+ packages in the AUR [Arch User Repository], with some AUR packages in binary form thanks to the Chaotic AUR repo)
CachyOS... the gamer's Arch that even beats out the likes of EndeavourOS and Garuda Linux (both Arch-based gaming distros). This is thanks in part to the optimizations made to vanilla Arch (especially the optimized repositories based upon what CPU you have installed) among many other things done to it under the hood. However, while it is fantastic for gaming, the other multimedia performances are quite a sight to behold, especially since anybody worth their salt is using almost exclusively FLOSS to make things easier for yourself to escape the grasp of incompetent fools that we call politicians. Using Linux, FLOSS and GrapheneOS (the only acceptable AOSP ROM) will help you kickstart your journey to privacy, security and proper OPSEC protocols so you don't get sucked into the proprietary software matrix (which I explained in this article).
As a Linux user with almost 5 years of experience, it's hard for me to go back to proprietary stuff. After all, with the advancement in weaponized and centralized AI on the rise, I wanted to seriously get myself out of that (which is why I used almost exclusively FLOSS for the past 4+ years). Enough about that already, let's get into the software required for you to make music... oh wait, I'm talking about myself here. Whoops....
Now that the operating system is out of the way, let's get into the actual software I use to make music:
- Ardour (DAW)
- x42 Plugins (General Purpose Plugin Suite)
- LSP PLugins (General Purpose Plugin Suite)
- Sfizz (SFZ player)
- Dragonfly Reverb (Reverberation Plugin Suite)
- DeBess (Airwindows De-Esser)
- Noise Repellant (Noise Gate)
- Guitarix and GX Plugins (Guitar Pedalboard Simulation)
- Vital (Synth Plugin)
- Surge XT (Synth Plugin) [Unused]
- EQ10Q (No longer usable)
- CALF Plugins (No Longer Usable)
- DSK SF2 (I used this due to ACE Fluid Synth acting like a turd)
- DR-84 (Proprietary Drum Machine Plugin [Winblows])
These are the primary pieces of software that I use to make music on Linux, with the description as shown above. This article would be too long anyway if I were to explain them, so I'll leave that here.
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 16:02:52
Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.
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Version 1.3 of Bitcoin Safe introduces a redesigned interactive chart, quick receive feature, updated icons, a mempool preview window, support for Child Pays For Parent (CPFP) and testnet4, preconfigured testnet demo wallets, as well as various bug fixes and improvements.
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Upcoming updates for Bitcoin Safe include Compact Block Filters.
"Compact Block Filters increase the network privacy dramatically, since you're not asking an electrum server to give you your transactions. They are a little slower than electrum servers. For a savings wallet like Bitcoin Safe this should be OK," writes the project's developer Andreas Griffin.
- Learn more about the current and upcoming features of Bitcoin Safe wallet here.
What's new in v1.3
- Redesign of Chart, Quick Receive, Icons, and Mempool Preview (by @design-rrr).
- Interactive chart. Clicking on it now jumps to transaction, and selected transactions are now highlighted.
- Speed up transactions with Child Pays For Parent (CPFP).
- BDK 1.2 (upgraded from 0.32).
- Testnet4 support.
- Preconfigured Testnet demo wallets.
- Cluster unconfirmed transactions so that parents/children are next to each other.
- Customizable columns for all tables (optional view: Txid, Address index, and more)
- Bug fixes and other improvements.
Announcement / Archive
Blog Post / Archive
GitHub Repo
Website -
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@ 0b65f96a:7fda4c8f
2025-06-04 18:07:06
Es gibt Bibliotheken voll Literatur zur „Kunst“ der Kriegsführung. Dies hier ist ein Beitrag zu den Bibliotheken der Kunst Frieden zu führen. Denn Frieden ist nicht die Abwesenheit von Krieg. Sondern eine mindestens ebenso intensive Aktivität. Worin genau besteht sie aber? Ich glaube darin, weder nach der einen noch nach der anderen Seite vom Hochseil zu fallen. Denn vom Hochseil kann man immer nach zwei Seiten fallen. Das ist dann auch schon die Kernherausforderung: Gleichgewichthalten!
Es scheint zunächst ein ganz äußerlicher Auftrag. Es gibt immer und wird immer widerstreitende Interessen geben. Allerdings ist das nur die äußerste Zwiebelschale. Denn wenn wir die Sache etwas mit Abstand von uns selbst betrachten, werden wir in uns hinein verwiesen: Frieden kann nur von innen nach außen gestiftet werden. Wenn wir das Hochseil in uns suchen, was finden wir dann? – Zweifels ohne, wissen wir von uns, dass wir nicht jeden Tag unser bestes Selbst sind. Würde es sich nicht lohnen etwas genauer über die Möglichkeit nach zwei Seiten vom Hochseil zu fallen nachzudenken, zugunsten der eigenen Balancierfähigkeit?
Wir sind daran gewöhnt zu denken dem Guten steht das Böse gegenüber. Daraus ziehen ja alle Western und Martial Arts Streifen ihren Plot: Der Gute bringt den Bösen um die Ecke und damit hat wieder mal das Gute gesiegt. Wir bewerten das „um die Ecke bringen“ unterschiedlich, je nach dem, von wem es kommt.
Ich möchte einen neuen Gedanken vorschlagen über unser Inneres, über Gut und Böse nachzudenken. Denn, wie gesagt, vom Hochseil kann man nach zwei Seiten fallen. Und es hat immer drastische Wirkung. Wo kommen wir also hin, wenn wir sagen: Frieden ist immer ein Gleichgewichtszustand, ergo eine Zeit der Mitte?
Sagen wir Toleranz ist ein erstrebenswertes Ideal. Dann würden wir sicher sagen Engstirnigkeit ist das Gegenteil davon und alles andere als Wünschenswert. Ja, so ist es gewiss. Und es bleibt hinzuzufügen, auch Beliebigkeit ist das Gegenteil von Toleranz. Denn es gibt eine Grenze, wo Toleranz nicht mehr Toleranz ist, sondern Beliebigkeit, ein „alles ist möglich“. Ähnlich können wir es für Großzügigkeit denken: Großzügigkeit ist ein erstrebenswertes Ideal. Ihr Gegenteil ist Geiz. Ihr anderes Gegenteil die Verschwendung. Oder Mut. Mut ist ein erstrebenswertes Ideal. Feigheit sein Gegenteil. Sein anderes Gegenteil ist Leichtsinn. Mit andern Worten: Das Ideal wird immer zum Hochseil. Und wir können immer nach zwei Seiten von ihm fallen. Wenn wir diesem Gedanken folgen, kommen wir weg von der Gut-Böse-Dualität. Und stattdessen zur Frage nach dem Gleichgewicht. Zur Frage nach der Mittezeit.
Natürlich steht es uns frei all das zu denken. Oder auch nicht zu denken. Denn selbstverständlich ist es möglich es nicht zu denken und bei einer Dualitätsvorstellung festhängen zu bleiben. Es wird uns nur nicht helfen Frieden zu denken und in Frieden zu handeln. Wenn wir wollen können wir durch das Aufspannen einer Trinität einen neuen Raum eröffnen und betreten. In ihm wird Frieden aktiv führbar, denn er wird eine Gleichgewichtssituation in uns selbst! – Nicht eine, sich einander gegenüberstehender äußerer Mächte!
Gehen wir noch einen Schritt weiter in unserer Betrachtung, können wir feststellen, dass es durchaus einen Unterschied macht nach welcher Seite wir runter fallen. Denn auf der einen Seite ist es immer eine Verengung: Engstirnigkeit, Geiz, Feigheit in unseren Beispielen. Auf der anderen ist es immer eine Zersplitterung oder Versprühung. In unseren Beispielen Beliebigkeit, Verschwendung und Leichtsinn. Und das erstrebenswerte ist eben immer die Mitte, das von uns ständig aktualisierte Gleichgewicht.
Das interessante ist, wo diese Mitte liegt, lässt sich niemals statisch festlegen. Sie ist immer dynamisch. Denn sie kann zu unterschiedlichen Momenten an unterschiedlicher Stelle liegen. Es ist immer ein Ich, das sich in Geistesgegenwart neu ausbalanciert. Und darum ist Frieden so schwer. Wir werden ihn niemals „haben“, sondern ihm immer entgegen gehen.
Der Kriegsruf ist nichts anderes, als ein Versuch von denen, die vom Hochseil gefallen sind, uns auch herunter zu kicken.
Netter Versuch. Wird aber nichts!
In der Nussschale: Die Dualität auflösen in die Trinität der balancierenden Mitte zwischen der Geste der Versteinerung und der Geste des Zerstäubens oder Zersplitterns. Die dynamische Qualität der Mitte bemerken. Oder, tun wir es nicht, ist das gleich der erste Anstoß, der uns wieder zum Wackeln bringt. Und des Ich´s gewahr werden, das balanciert. Frieden führen ist eine Kunst.
Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben.
Patric I. Vogt, geb. 1968 in Mainz. Autor von „Zukunft beginnt im Kopf Ein Debattenbeitrag zur Kernsanierung von Rechtsstaat und Demokratie“. Lebt als freischaffender Künstler, Lehrer und Unternehmer. Über drei Jahrzehnte Beschäftigung mit dem Ideenfeld soziale #Dreigliederung und Anthroposophie. Moderation und Mediation von sozialen Prozessen und Organisationsentwicklung. Staatlich ungeprüft, abgesehen von den Fahrerlaubnissen zu Land und zu Wasser. Motto: Gedanken werden Worte, werden Taten! www.perspektivenwechsel.social
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@ 4fa5d1c4:fd6c6e41
2025-06-04 17:45:05
1. Einleitung
Dieser Beitrag bietet eine detaillierte Einführung in Nostr - ein dezentrales Protokoll für soziale Medien, das sich grundlegend von traditionellen und föderierten Plattformen unterscheidet - und erweitert seine Diskussion, um das Potenzial für die Integration von Nostr in die Entwicklung von Bildungsplattformen im Sinne von Open Educational Practices (OEP) zu untersuchen. Nostr ist als leichtgewichtiger, zensurresistenter Mechanismus konzipiert, der in erster Linie auf einer kryptografischen Schlüsselverwaltung und einer Client-zentrierten Architektur basiert, die zusammen eine dezentrale Identitätskontrolle und Autonomie über digitale Inhalte ermöglichen. Im Gegensatz zu konventionellen zentralisierten Modellen, die sich auf servergestützte Kontrolle oder föderierte Systeme wie Mastodon, die Moderation und Identitätsspeicherung zusammenfassen, stützt sich Nostr auf ein Netzwerk von "Relais", die ohne direkte Interkommunikation arbeiten, wobei alle Funktionen der Datenaggregation, des Austauschs von Inhalten zwischen den Räumen und der Benutzerinteraktion an die Client-Anwendungen delegiert werden. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es daher, einen umfassenden technischen und konzeptionellen Überblick über die Architektur des Protokolls und eine kritische Diskussion seiner Anwendbarkeit im Kontext dezentraler Bildungsplattformen zu geben, die eine offene, nutzergesteuerte Erstellung, Verwaltung und Verteilung von Inhalten fördern und damit den Prinzipien des OEP entsprechen.
2. Hintergrund und Motivation
Die Entwicklung der sozialen Medien in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten war geprägt von zunehmend zentralisierten Plattformen, die sowohl die digitale Identität der Nutzer als auch die von ihnen erstellten Inhalte kontrollieren, was oft zu Zensur, algorithmischer Manipulation und Einzelausfällen führt. Im Gegensatz dazu haben sich dezentralisierte Social-Media-Protokolle wie Nostr als innovative Antwort auf diese Zentralisierungsfallen entwickelt, die offene, kryptografisch sichere und verteilte Architekturen verwenden. Nostr wurde mit dem ausdrücklichen Schwerpunkt konzipiert, den Nutzern die volle Kontrolle über ihre Kontoauthentifizierung und digitale Identität zu geben, was durch die Verwaltung von kryptografischen Schlüsselpaaren analog zu denen in Bitcoin-Wallets erreicht wird. Dieses Modell verbessert nicht nur die zensurresistenten Eigenschaften der Plattform, sondern verändert auch grundlegend die Machtdynamik in traditionellen sozialen Netzwerken, da es die Abhängigkeit von zentralen Behörden minimiert und die Möglichkeiten der Ausbeutung und Überwachung verringert. Im Kontext von Bildungsökosystemen bieten diese Merkmale eine solide Grundlage für die Entwicklung von Plattformen, die transparent, partizipatorisch und widerstandsfähig sind, da sie die gemeinsame Nutzung und kontinuierliche Weiterentwicklung von Bildungsressourcen ohne zentralisierte Kontrolle oder Unternehmenssteuerung unterstützen.
3. Technische Architektur von Nostr
Die Architektur von Nostr basiert in erster Linie auf zwei integralen Komponenten: Clients und Relays. Clients sind die benutzerseitigen Anwendungen, die die Erstellung, Veröffentlichung und Aggregation von Inhalten ermöglichen, während Relays Server sind, die von den Benutzern generierte Nachrichten, so genannte "Events", empfangen, speichern und weiterleiten. Eine der wichtigsten Neuerungen des Nostr-Protokolls ist die radikale Entkopplung der traditionellen Client-Server-Beziehung: Die Relais müssen sich nicht synchronisieren oder miteinander kommunizieren, was bedeutet, dass die Replikation von Inhalten und die Aggregation von Daten zwischen den Räumen vollständig auf der Client-Seite stattfindet. Dies minimiert die zentrale Kontrolle und schafft ein verteiltes, relaisbasiertes System, das von Natur aus resistent gegen Zensur ist, da die Dichte der verfügbaren Relays und die Möglichkeit der Nutzer, sich mit mehreren Relays zu verbinden, sicherstellen, dass die Inhalte auch dann zugänglich bleiben, wenn bestimmte Relays ausfallen oder kompromittiert sind.
In Nostr sind Ereignisse als JSON-Objekte strukturiert, die einem definierten Schema mit verschiedenen "Arten" (NIPs) entsprechen, um spezifische Funktionalitäten und andere zukünftige Erweiterungen zu unterstützen. Jedes Ereignis wird mit dem privaten kryptografischen Schlüssel des Nutzers digital signiert, was die Authentizität und Integrität der Daten garantiert und gleichzeitig eine sichere, pseudonyme Interaktion ermöglicht. Da innerhalb des Protokolls keine zentrale Behörde oder ein einziger Identitätsspeicher existiert, behalten die Nutzer die vollständige Kontrolle über ihre digitalen Identitäten, und wenn der private Schlüssel verloren geht, ist das entsprechende Konto unwiederbringlich. Dieser Ansatz verankert den Grundsatz, dass Identität sowohl dezentralisiert als auch unveränderlich ist, und stärkt die individuelle Kontrolle über persönliche Daten und Inhalte.
Da die Relays unabhängig voneinander von verschiedenen Betreibern verwaltet und nicht von zentralen Diensten koordiniert werden, können die Benutzer mehrere Relays auswählen, um die Bereitstellung und Replikation von Inhalten zu optimieren. Diese architektonische Entscheidung verbessert die Redundanz und Ausfallsicherheit erheblich, bringt aber gleichzeitig technische Herausforderungen in Bezug auf Standardisierung, Moderation und effiziente Kommunikation zwischen den Clients mit sich. Nostr integriert auch Bitcoin-basierte Mikrozahlungen (bekannt als "Zaps"), um finanzielle Anreize für den Betrieb von Relay-Servern zu schaffen und so die Herausforderungen der wirtschaftlichen Nachhaltigkeit in einer dezentralen Infrastruktur zu bewältigen. Die Design-Entscheidungen in Nostr fördern Offenheit und Innovation, indem sie es jeder Person oder Organisation mit ausreichenden technischen Fähigkeiten erlauben, ein Relay zu hosten oder einen Client zu entwickeln, was zu einem lebendigen Ökosystem von verschiedenen Anwendungen und Diensten führt.
4. Identitätsmanagement und Moderation
Im Mittelpunkt des dezentralen Paradigmas von Nostr steht der Ansatz der Identitätsverwaltung, der sich von traditionellen Systemen unterscheidet, bei denen Identitäten als Kontodaten von zentralen Servern verwaltet werden. Bei Nostr verfügt jeder Benutzer über ein einzigartiges kryptografisches Schlüsselpaar, wobei der öffentliche Schlüssel als dauerhafte digitale Kennung und der private Schlüssel als Mittel zum Signieren aller Aktionen und Ereignisse dient. Dieses kryptonative Modell gewährleistet nicht nur robuste Sicherheit und Authentizität, sondern überlässt den Nutzern auch die alleinige Verantwortung für die Verwaltung ihrer Schlüssel - was sowohl die Freiheit als auch das Risiko eines vollständig dezentralen Identitätssystems unterstreicht.Dieses empfindliche Gleichgewicht unterstreicht die Autonomie der Nutzer und steht im Einklang mit dem breiteren Ethos dezentraler sozialer Medien, in denen keine einzelne Instanz die Identität einer Person ohne Zugang zu ihrem privaten Schlüssel außer Kraft setzen oder manipulieren kann.
Die Moderation in Nostr ist aufgrund des dezentralen Kuratierungsmodells noch komplexer. Die Inhalte werden nicht von einer zentralen Behörde moderiert, sondern durch eine Kombination aus relaisspezifischen Richtlinien und clientseitigen Kontrollen, wie z. B. benutzerdefinierte Listen für persönliche Kuratoren oder Sperr-/Stummschaltungsfunktionen. Dieser Ansatz fördert zwar die freie Meinungsäußerung und unterstützt eine Vielzahl von Standpunkten, kann aber auch zu uneinheitlichen Moderationsrichtlinien und fragmentierten Nutzererfahrungen auf verschiedenen Relays und Clients führen, was für die Nutzer eine erhebliche technische und verhaltensbezogene Belastung darstellt, wenn sie ihre digitalen Umgebungen kuratieren wollen.
5. Skalierbarkeit und Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Zensur
Ein entscheidendes Merkmal des Nostr-Protokolls ist sein hohes Maß an Skalierbarkeit und Zensurresistenz, das durch seine verteilte, relaisbasierte Architektur erreicht wird. Durch die Dezentralisierung der Speicherung und Verbreitung von Inhalten auf zahlreiche unabhängige Relays entschärft Nostr die üblichen Schwachstellen zentralisierter sozialer Plattformen, wie z. B. Single Points of Failure oder das Potenzial für staatliche oder unternehmensgesteuerte Zensur. Mehrere Relays können gleichzeitig arbeiten, wodurch sichergestellt wird, dass die Stabilität des Netzwerks auch dann erhalten bleibt, wenn einige von ihnen vom Netz genommen werden oder behördlichem Druck ausgesetzt sind, und dass Inhalte für Kunden, die mit alternativen Relays verbunden sind, zugänglich bleiben.
Die Skalierbarkeit von Nostr wird dadurch verbessert, dass sich die Nutzenden gleichzeitig mit mehreren Relays verbinden können, was die Replikation von Inhalten über ein globales Netz von Servern ermöglicht, das sich über zahlreiche geografische Regionen und autonome Systeme erstreckt. Dieser Replikationsmechanismus bringt jedoch Herausforderungen mit sich, wie z. B. eine erhöhte Redundanz bei der Speicher- und Bandbreitennutzung, die eine sorgfältige Optimierung und die Entwicklung innovativer clientseitiger Strategien erfordern, um den Datenabruf zu verwalten und den Overhead zu reduzieren, ohne die Verfügbarkeit zu beeinträchtigen. Darüber hinaus trägt die Dezentralisierung der Zuständigkeiten für Kuratierung und Moderation zu einer dynamischen Umgebung bei, in der Inhalte sowohl gegen erzwungene Löschungen resistent als auch an die Bedürfnisse der Nutzer anpassbar sind, wenn auch auf Kosten von Einheitlichkeit und vorhersehbarer Nutzererfahrung.
6. Vergleich mit föderierten und zentralisierten Modellen
Das Aufkommen dezentraler Protokolle wie Nostr steht in scharfem Kontrast zu föderierten Netzwerken wie Mastodon, die das ActivityPub-Protokoll verwenden. Während föderierte Systeme die Kontrolle über unabhängige Instanzen verteilen, verlassen sie sich immer noch auf ein gewisses Maß an Zentralisierung auf der Ebene jeder einzelnen Instanz, von denen jede ihre eigenen Richtlinien bezüglich Moderation, Identitätsüberprüfung und Inhaltszensur durchsetzt. In diesen Systemen ist die Verwaltung zwar auf mehrere Knotenpunkte verteilt, aber es besteht eine Abhängigkeit von Serveradministratoren, die erhebliche Macht über den Inhalt und die Identität der Benutzer haben; dies steht im Gegensatz zu Nostrs vollständig kundenorientiertem Kurations- und Identitätsverwaltungsmodell, das darauf abzielt, jeden einzelnen Kontrollpunkt zu eliminieren.
In zentralisierten Architekturen werden Benutzerdaten und -identitäten auf proprietäre und undurchsichtige Weise verwaltet, wodurch Inhalte den Launen von Unternehmensrichtlinien und externem Druck ausgesetzt werden, was zu Überwachung, gezielter Zensur oder einseitiger algorithmischer Manipulation von Inhalten führen kann. Das Design von Nostr - das auf kryptografischer Authentifizierung, clientseitiger Datenaggregation und dem erlaubnisfreien Betrieb von Relay-Servern beruht - stellt eine radikale Abkehr dar, die das Gleichgewicht der Macht fest in die Hände der einzelnen Nutzer und nicht in die Hände zentraler Behörden legt.
7. Implikationen für Bildungsplattformen
Das Potenzial für die Integration des dezentralen Protokolls von Nostr in Bildungsplattformen bietet eine transformative Gelegenheit zur Unterstützung von Open Educational Practices (OEP). OEP legt den Schwerpunkt auf Inklusion, Autonomie der Lernenden, kollaborative Wissenserstellung und offenen Zugang zu Bildungsressourcen. Herkömmliche Bildungsplattformen sind oft durch zentralisierte Architekturen eingeschränkt, die den Zugang behindern und Innovationen unterdrücken können, da sie auf einzelne administrative Kontrollen und proprietäre Content-Management-Systeme angewiesen sind.
Durch die Nutzung der dezentralen Infrastruktur von Nostr können Bildungsplattformen aufgebaut werden, die es Lehrenden und Lernenden ermöglichen, die volle Kontrolle über ihre digitalen Identitäten und Bildungsinhalte zu behalten, ohne das Risiko von Zensur oder externer Einmischung. In solchen Systemen verwaltet jeder Teilnehmer seine eigene Identität mithilfe von kryptografischen Schlüsseln, wodurch sichergestellt wird, dass Bildungsleistungen, Beiträge und Zeugnisse auf überprüfbare und unveränderliche Weise aufgezeichnet werden. Dies fördert ein Umfeld, in dem die Schaffung und Verbreitung von Wissen wirklich von den Teilnehmern selbst bestimmt wird, frei von den Zwängen, die von zentralen Torwächtern auferlegt werden.
Darüber hinaus bietet die relaisbasierte Architektur von Nostr eine beispiellose Skalierbarkeit und Ausfallsicherheit - Eigenschaften, die für ein Bildungsökosystem, das eine Vielzahl von Nutzern mit unterschiedlichem geografischen und sozioökonomischen Hintergrund unterstützen muss, unerlässlich sind. Bildungsinhalte - von digitalen Lehrbüchern und Multimedia-Vorlesungen bis hin zu interaktiven Diskursen und gemeinschaftlichen Projekten - können gespeichert und über mehrere Relays repliziert werden, um sicherzustellen, dass der Zugang auch bei lokalen Netzwerkausfällen oder Zensurversuchen erhalten bleibt.
Das offene Protokoll von Nostr ist außerdem eine ideale Grundlage für die Entwicklung interoperabler Bildungsplattformen, auf denen Drittentwickler und Bildungseinrichtungen maßgeschneiderte Clients und Anwendungen für pädagogische Zwecke erstellen können. Dieser Ansatz fördert ein vielfältiges Ökosystem von Bildungswerkzeugen und -diensten, die nahtlos zusammenarbeiten, ohne auf eine einzige proprietäre Plattform beschränkt zu sein, und steht damit im Einklang mit dem Ethos des OEP. Pädagogen können digitale Lernumgebungen entwerfen, die die kollaborative Erstellung von Inhalten, Peer-Reviews und Community-gesteuerte Kuration unterstützen und gleichzeitig von der Sicherheit und Transparenz profitieren, die das kryptografische Grundgerüst von Nostr bietet.
Darüber hinaus gewährleistet die inhärente Zensurresistenz von Nostr, dass Bildungsinhalte zugänglich und frei von staatlichen oder unternehmerischen Eingriffen bleiben - ein besonders wichtiger Aspekt für Lernende in Regionen, in denen der Zugang zu Informationen eingeschränkt oder überwacht wird. Diese Widerstandsfähigkeit untermauert nicht nur die demokratische Verbreitung von Wissen, sondern unterstützt auch den Grundsatz eines digitalen Gemeinguts, bei dem Bildungsressourcen kollektiv verwaltet und gemeinsam genutzt werden. In diesem Zusammenhang kann Nostr genutzt werden, um Bildungsplattformen zu entwickeln, die nicht nur robust und integrativ sind, sondern auch auf die Bedürfnisse marginalisierter oder unterrepräsentierter Gemeinschaften abgestimmt sind.
Zusätzlich zu diesen strukturellen Vorteilen kann die finanzielle Nachhaltigkeit dezentraler Bildungsplattformen durch die Integration von auf Kryptowährungen basierenden Anreizmechanismen gestärkt werden - wie die Unterstützung von Nostr für Bitcoin Lightning "Zaps" zeigt. Diese Micropayment-Systeme eröffnen Möglichkeiten für neuartige Finanzierungsmodelle, die Pädagogen und Inhaltsersteller direkt belohnen und so die Abhängigkeit von werbebasierten Einnahmen oder zentralisierten Finanzierungsströmen verringern, die häufig die Integrität der Bildung gefährden. Solche wirtschaftlichen Anreize können auch den Betrieb und die Wartung von Relay-Servern unterstützen und so sicherstellen, dass die dezentrale Infrastruktur belastbar und kontinuierlich für Bildungszwecke verfügbar bleibt.
8. Möglichkeiten für kollaboratives und kultursensibles Lernen
Über die technische Stabilität und Skalierbarkeit hinaus bietet die dezentrale Natur von Nostr bedeutende Möglichkeiten zur Förderung von kollaborativem Lernen und kultursensibler Pädagogik. Dezentralisierte Bildungsplattformen, die auf Nostr aufbauen, können lokale Gemeinschaften in die Lage versetzen, Inhalte zu erstellen und zu kuratieren, die kontextuell relevant und kulturell angemessen sind - ein entscheidender Faktor bei der Förderung von Bildungsgerechtigkeit und Inklusivität. In Umgebungen, in denen Mainstream-Bildungstechnologien als von oben nach unten betrachtet werden und nicht mit lokalen Werten oder pädagogischen Ansätzen übereinstimmen, ermöglicht eine dezentralisierte Infrastruktur die Entwicklung maßgeschneiderter digitaler Lernumgebungen, die lokale Kulturen, Sprachen und Traditionen widerspiegeln.
Dieser gemeinschaftsorientierte Bildungsansatz fördert das Gefühl der Eigenverantwortung bei Lernenden und Lehrenden gleichermaßen und ermutigt zur gemeinschaftlichen Schaffung von Wissen, das unterschiedliche Erkenntnistheorien respektiert. So können Pädagogen beispielsweise dezentrale "Lernräume" einrichten, in denen Open-Source-Lernmaterialien, Werkzeuge für die digitale Kompetenz und innovative Lehrmethoden gemeinsam genutzt und durch partizipatives Engagement kontinuierlich weiterentwickelt werden. In einem solchen Modell verschwimmen die Grenzen zwischen Lernenden und Lehrenden, was einen fließenden Ideenaustausch und die gemeinsame Schaffung von Wissen ermöglicht, die im Mittelpunkt offener Bildungspraktiken stehen.
Darüber hinaus ermöglicht die Flexibilität der Client-zentrierten Architektur von Nostr die Entwicklung von spezialisierten Bildungsclients, die auf die jeweiligen Lernstile und Disziplinen zugeschnitten sind. Diese Clients könnten Funktionen wie erweiterte Such- und Filterfunktionen für Bildungsinhalte, integrierte Anmerkungswerkzeuge für die gemeinsame Bearbeitung von Dokumenten und interoperable Identitätsmanagementsysteme enthalten, die es den Lernenden ermöglichen, ihre Anmeldedaten nahtlos in verschiedene digitale Lernumgebungen zu übertragen. Solche Innovationen würden nicht nur die Rolle der Nutzerautonomie beim digitalen Lernen stärken, sondern auch die Entwicklung von Bildungsnetzwerken fördern, die belastbar und anpassungsfähig sind und auf die sich verändernden pädagogischen Herausforderungen reagieren können.
9. Herausforderungen und Abhilfestrategien
Trotz der vielversprechenden Möglichkeiten ist die Integration von Nostr in Bildungsplattformen nicht unproblematisch. Gerade die Funktionen, die den Nutzern mehr Möglichkeiten bieten - wie selbstverwaltete kryptografische Schlüssel und dezentralisierte Inhaltsmoderation - führen auch Komplexitäten ein, die die Benutzerfreundlichkeit und Zugänglichkeit behindern können, insbesondere für Personen ohne fortgeschrittene technische Kenntnisse. Die Schlüsselverwaltung stellt beispielsweise eine kritische Schwachstelle dar; der Verlust eines privaten Schlüssels führt unwiderruflich zum Verlust der Identität und des Zugriffs auf die eigenen digitalen Beiträge - ein Risiko, das durch solide Bildungsinitiativen und Mechanismen zur Unterstützung der Nutzer angegangen werden muss.
Die technische Kompetenz von Lehrenden und Lernenden ist in diesem Zusammenhang von größter Bedeutung und erfordert die Entwicklung umfassender Einführungsverfahren, benutzerfreundlicher Schnittstellen und Hilfsmittel, die kryptografische Konzepte entmystifizieren und die Interaktion mit dezentralen Netzwerken vereinfachen. Zu diesem Zweck könnte der Einsatz intuitiver Bildungsmodule, interaktiver Tutorials und von der Community geleiteter Schulungen technische Barrieren abbauen und gleichzeitig die Entwicklung digitaler Kompetenzen fördern, die für die Navigation in dezentralen Netzwerken unerlässlich sind. Darüber hinaus muss die Herausforderung einer inkonsistenten Moderation und fragmentierten Nutzererfahrung aufgrund der heterogenen Richtlinien unabhängiger Relais und Clients durch die Einrichtung von Community-Governance-Rahmenwerken und interoperablen Standards angegangen werden, die eine Grundlinie der Qualität und Sicherheit auf der gesamten Plattform gewährleisten.
Strategien zur Bewältigung des mit der Skalierbarkeit verbundenen Overheads - wie etwa die redundante Replikation von Beiträgen über eine übermäßige Anzahl von Relays - sollten sich auf die Implementierung clientseitiger Optimierungstechniken konzentrieren, die die Ineffizienz von Bandbreite und Speicherplatz verringern, ohne die Belastbarkeit und Zugänglichkeit des Netzwerks zu beeinträchtigen. Kontinuierliche Forschung und iterative Verfeinerung werden notwendig sein, um ein Gleichgewicht zwischen den Vorteilen der Dezentralisierung und der ihr innewohnenden betrieblichen Komplexität zu finden und sicherzustellen, dass auf Nostr basierende Bildungsplattformen sowohl robust als auch benutzerfreundlich bleiben können.
10. Zukünftige Richtungen und Forschungsmöglichkeiten
Die Einbindung von Nostr in Bildungsplattformen stellt ein fruchtbares Gebiet für Forschung und Entwicklung dar, das zahlreiche Möglichkeiten zur Erkundung bietet. Zukünftige Arbeiten könnten das Design interoperabler Bildungsrahmenwerke erforschen, die die dezentrale Architektur von Nostr mit aufkommenden Technologien wie künstlicher Intelligenz, Blockchain-basiertem Credentialing und fortschrittlichen kryptographischen Techniken integrieren, um die Sicherheit, Zugänglichkeit und Authentizität in digitalen Lernumgebungen weiter zu verbessern. Die Erforschung gemeinschaftsbasierter Governance-Modelle ist ebenfalls gerechtfertigt, da dezentrale Plattformen Mechanismen für die kollektive Entscheidungsfindung und Konfliktlösung erfordern, die mit den Grundsätzen einer offenen, partizipativen Bildung vereinbar sind.
Ein möglicher Weg ist die Entwicklung modularer, quelloffener Bildungs-Clients, die sich nahtlos mit verschiedenen Relais verbinden lassen und den Lehrkräften leistungsstarke Tools zur Kuratierung und Moderation von Inhalten bieten. Diese Clients könnten anpassbare Dashboards, Module für die Zusammenarbeit in Echtzeit und integrierte Unterstützung für Mikrozahlungen oder Anreizstrukturen bieten, um sicherzustellen, dass Bildungsinhalte sowohl dynamisch als auch finanziell nachhaltig bleiben. Darüber hinaus könnte die Einrichtung digitaler Identitätsrahmen, die auf den kryptografischen Prinzipien von Nostr aufbauen, zu innovativen Modellen für die Überprüfung akademischer Zeugnisse, die Verfolgung des Lernfortschritts und die Erleichterung der plattformübergreifenden Anerkennung von Bildungsleistungen führen, und das alles ohne die Aufsicht zentralisierter Registrierungsbehörden.
Die Schnittstelle zwischen digitaler Kompetenz und ethischer digitaler Bürgerschaft ist ein weiteres vielversprechendes Forschungsgebiet. In dem Maße, in dem Pädagogen dezentrale Bildungstechnologien in die Lehrpläne integrieren, wird es zwingend notwendig, Lehrmethoden zu entwickeln, die nicht nur technische Kenntnisse, sondern auch die kritischen und moralischen Fähigkeiten vermitteln, die für die Arbeit in einem dezentralen digitalen Ökosystem erforderlich sind. Solche pädagogischen Strategien sollten Schulungen zum Schlüsselmanagement, zur Verifizierung digitaler Identitäten und zum Verständnis der Kompromisse umfassen, die mit dezentralisierten und zentralisierten Technologiemodellen einhergehen, um den Schülern eine ausgewogene Perspektive auf digitale Rechte, Verantwortlichkeiten und Möglichkeiten zu vermitteln.
Die Zusammenarbeit zwischen akademischen Institutionen, Open-Source-Gemeinschaften und Innovatoren dezentraler Technologien wird entscheidend sein, um diese Forschungsagenden voranzutreiben und die Entwicklung von Bildungslabors und Pilotprojekten zu fördern, die die praktischen Auswirkungen und Vorteile dezentraler Bildungsplattformen auf der Grundlage von Nostr erforschen. Solche Initiativen könnten als lebende Laboratorien zum Testen neuer Werkzeuge, Methoden und Governance-Strategien dienen, mit dem Ziel, das Gleichgewicht zwischen dem Versprechen der Dezentralisierung und ihren praktischen Herausforderungen schrittweise zu verfeinern.
11. Schlußfolgerung
Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass Nostr eine bahnbrechende Entwicklung in der Architektur sozialer Medien darstellt, die die Beziehung zwischen Nutzern, Inhalten und Netzwerkinfrastruktur durch ein dezentralisiertes, kryptographisch gesichertes und klientenzentriertes Modell neu definiert. Das relaisbasierte Design, die dezentrale Identitätsverwaltung und die offene Architektur bieten erhebliche Vorteile gegenüber herkömmlichen zentralisierten und föderierten Systemen in Bezug auf Zensurresistenz, Skalierbarkeit und Benutzerautonomie. Diese technischen Innovationen haben weitreichende Auswirkungen auf die Entwicklung von Bildungsplattformen, die den Grundsätzen der Open Educational Practices entsprechen. Durch die Unterstützung von nutzergesteuerten Identitäten, stabiler Replikation von Inhalten und gemeinschaftsgesteuerter Verwaltung bietet Nostr eine Infrastruktur für dezentrale Bildungsökosysteme, die Inklusion, Zusammenarbeit und kontinuierliche Innovation fördern.
Der Einsatz von Nostr in Bildungskontexten verspricht, Lernende und Lehrende in die Lage zu versetzen, Bildungsinhalte frei von zentralisierten Einschränkungen und externer Zensur zu erstellen, zu teilen und gemeinschaftlich weiterzuentwickeln. Gleichzeitig erfordern die Herausforderungen, die mit der technischen Komplexität, der Schlüsselverwaltung und der inkonsistenten Moderation verbunden sind, kontinuierliche Forschung und die Entwicklung unterstützender Werkzeuge. Wenn diese Probleme durch gezielte Maßnahmen wie benutzerfreundliche Schnittstellen, umfassende Programme für digitale Kompetenz und gemeinschaftsbasierte Governance-Modelle angegangen werden, können die Beteiligten das volle Potenzial von Nostr nutzen, um dezentrale, offene und partizipative Bildungsplattformen zu schaffen, die den Geist von Open Educational Practices wirklich verkörpern.
Letztendlich stellt die Integration von Nostr in dezentralisierte Bildungsplattformen nicht nur eine technische Entwicklung dar, sondern auch einen gesellschaftspolitischen Wandel hin zu größerer Dezentralisierung, Ermächtigung der Nutzer und digitaler Souveränität. Diese Ausrichtung an den Werten des OEP definiert nicht nur die Verbreitung und den Konsum von Bildungsinhalten neu, sondern ist auch Katalysator für breitere Diskussionen über digitale Rechte, Inklusion und ethische Teilhabe an der digitalen Allmende. Das Potenzial solcher Plattformen, kontextrelevante, zensurresistente und kollaborativ kuratierte Bildungsressourcen bereitzustellen, ist ein entscheidender Schritt, um die Zukunft der digitalen Bildung neu zu gestalten.
Fazit
Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass die innovative Architektur von Nostr, die auf einer kryptografischen Schlüsselverwaltung und dezentralen Relay-Netzwerken basiert, den Grundstein für eine neue Generation von Bildungsplattformen legt, die die Einschränkungen zentralisierter Systeme überwinden können. Ihre Fähigkeit, belastbare, sichere und nutzerzentrierte digitale Umgebungen bereitzustellen, steht in perfektem Einklang mit den Grundsätzen offener Bildungspraktiken und bietet Lehrenden und Lernenden eine noch nie dagewesene Kontrolle über ihre digitalen Interaktionen und Inhalte. Kontinuierliche Forschung, interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit und gezielte Bildungsinitiativen werden unerlässlich sein, um dieses Potenzial voll auszuschöpfen und sicherzustellen, dass die Vorteile der Dezentralisierung allen Mitgliedern der Bildungsgemeinschaft zugänglich sind.
Durch den strategischen Einsatz von Nostr-basierten Bildungsplattformen kann die Zukunft des Lernens als ein Bereich neu konzipiert werden, in dem offener Zugang, Autonomie der Lernenden und gemeinschaftsgesteuerte Wissensbildung nicht nur möglich, sondern unvermeidlich sind - eine Zukunft, in der dezentrale Infrastrukturen eine gerechtere, transparentere und partizipativere digitale Bildungslandschaft ermöglichen.
Dieser Beitrag hat daher eine ausführliche Einführung in die technischen und konzeptionellen Grundlagen von Nostr gegeben, die Mechanismen beschrieben, mit denen Nostr Dezentralisierung und Zensurresistenz erreicht, und seine bedeutenden Auswirkungen auf die Zukunft von Bildungsplattformen im Rahmen von Open Educational Practices untersucht. Die Synergie zwischen dem dezentralen Paradigma von Nostr und dem demokratischen, inklusiven Ethos von OEP birgt ein transformatives Versprechen für die Neugestaltung der digitalen Bildung in einer Weise, die Offenheit, Sicherheit und lebenslanges Lernen für eine globale Gemeinschaft fördert.
Indem sie aufkommende dezentralisierte Protokolle wie Nostr als grundlegende Infrastrukturkomponenten von Bildungsplattformen nutzen, können Stakeholder eine ganzheitliche digitale Transformation vorantreiben, die Technologie, Pädagogik und Ethik vereint und ein Paradigma einführt, in dem Bildungsgerechtigkeit und digitale Selbstbestimmung keine Wünsche, sondern realisierte Prinzipien unserer vernetzten Gesellschaft sind.
Verwendete Quellen:
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Seeing the Politics of Decentralized Social Media Protocols. S Hwang, AX Zhang. ArXiv (2025). <https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2505.22962>
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Navigating Decentralized Online Social Networks: An Overview of Technical and Societal Challenges in Architectural Choices. Ujun Jeong, L. Ng, K. Carley, Huan Liu. ArXiv (2504). <https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2504.00071>
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Towards Decentralized Applications. X Ma. 2024. <https://escholarship.org/content/qt0j7044w0/qt0j7044w0_noSplash_c638cdfda170244b9abf750f654399f1.pdf>
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Decentralized Social Networking Protocol (DSNP) and User Empowerment: An Analysis of Online Identity Ownership, Data Privacy, and Comparative Assessment with Other Decentralized Protocols. M Nay . 2024. <https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/156782/nay-mnay-meng-eecs-2024-thesis.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y>
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A Kantian Right to Fediverse Access, or: for a digital enlightenment on the social web. JN Bingemann . <https://philarchive.org/archive/BINAKR>
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Exploring the Nostr Ecosystem: A Study of Decentralization and Resilience. Yiluo Wei, Gareth Tyson. ArXiv (2402). <https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2402.05709>
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Money and Trust in Metaverses, Bitcoin and Stablecoins in global social XR. John O'Hare, Allen J. Fairchild, U. Ali. ArXiv (2207). <https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2207.09460>
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FEDSTR: Money-In AI-Out | A Decentralized Marketplace for Federated Learning and LLM Training on the NOSTR Protocol. Konstantinos E. Nikolakakis, George Chantzialexiou, Dionysis Kalogerias. ArXiv (2024). <https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2404.15834>
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"Sumud" as Connected Learning: Towards a Collective Digital Commons in Palestine.. H Scott, M Ujvari, AMA Bakeer. 2025. <https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1464483.pdf>
Erstellt mit Unterstützung von FutureHouse, Perplexity, Deepl, Ideogram und ChatGPT.
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@ 8bad92c3:ca714aa5
2025-06-04 16:02:45
Key Takeaways
Michael Goldstein, aka Bitstein, presents a sweeping philosophical and economic case for going “all in” on Bitcoin, arguing that unlike fiat, which distorts capital formation and fuels short-term thinking, Bitcoin fosters low time preference, meaningful saving, and long-term societal flourishing. At the heart of his thesis is “hodling for good”—a triple-layered idea encompassing permanence, purpose, and the pursuit of higher values like truth, beauty, and legacy. Drawing on thinkers like Aristotle, Hoppe, and Josef Pieper, Goldstein redefines leisure as contemplation, a vital practice in aligning capital with one’s deepest ideals. He urges Bitcoiners to think beyond mere wealth accumulation and consider how their sats can fund enduring institutions, art, and architecture that reflect a moral vision of the future.
Best Quotes
“Let BlackRock buy the houses, and you keep the sats.”
“We're not hodling just for the sake of hodling. There is a purpose to it.”
“Fiat money shortens your time horizon… you can never rest.”
“Savings precedes capital accumulation. You can’t build unless you’ve saved.”
“You're increasing the marginal value of everyone else’s Bitcoin.”
“True leisure is contemplation—the pursuit of the highest good.”
“What is Bitcoin for if not to make the conditions for magnificent acts of creation possible?”
“Bitcoin itself will last forever. Your stack might not. What will outlast your coins?”
“Only a whale can be magnificent.”
“The market will sell you all the crack you want. It’s up to you to demand beauty.”
Conclusion
This episode is a call to reimagine Bitcoin as more than a financial revolution—it’s a blueprint for civilizational renewal. Michael Goldstein reframes hodling as an act of moral stewardship, urging Bitcoiners to lower their time preference, build lasting institutions, and pursue truth, beauty, and legacy—not to escape the world, but to rebuild it on sound foundations.
Timestamps
00:00 - Intro
00:50 - Michael’s BBB presentation Hodl for Good
07:27 - Austrian principles on capital
15:40 - Fiat distorts the economic process
23:34 - Bitkey
24:29 - Hodl for Good triple entendre
29:52 - Bitcoin benefits everyone
39:05 - Unchained
40:14 - Leisure theory of value
52:15 - Heightening life
1:15:48 - Breaking from the chase makes room for magnificence
1:32:32 - Nakamoto Institute’s missionTranscript
(00:00) Fiat money is by its nature a disturbance. If money is being continually produced, especially at an uncertain rate, these uh policies are really just redistribution of wealth. Most are looking for number to go up post hyper bitcoinization. The rate of growth of bitcoin would be more reflective of the growth of the economy as a whole.
(00:23) Ultimately, capital requires knowledge because it requires knowing there is something that you can add to the structures of production to lengthen it in some way that will take time but allow you to have more in the future than you would today. Let Black Rockck buy the houses and you keep the sats, not the other way around.
(00:41) You wait until later for Larry Frink to try to sell you a [Music] mansion. And we're live just like that. Just like that. 3:30 on a Friday, Memorial Day weekend. It's a good good good way to end the week and start the holiday weekend. Yes, sir. Yes, sir. Thank you for having me here. Thank you for coming. I wore this hat specifically because I think it's I think it's very apppropo uh to the conversation we're going to have which is I hope an extension of the presentation you gave at Bitblock Boom Huddle for good. You were working on
(01:24) that for many weeks leading up to uh the conference and explaining how you were structuring it. I think it's a very important topic to discuss now as the Bitcoin price is hitting new all-time highs and people are trying to understand what am I doing with Bitcoin? Like you have you have the different sort of factions within Bitcoin.
(01:47) Uh get on a Bitcoin standard, get on zero, spend as much Bitcoin as possible. You have the sailors of the world are saying buy Bitcoin, never sell, die with your Bitcoin. And I think you do a really good job in that presentation. And I just think your understanding overall of Bitcoin is incredible to put everything into context. It's not either or.
(02:07) It really depends on what you want to accomplish. Yeah, it's definitely there there is no actual one-sizefits-all um for I mean nearly anything in this world. So um yeah, I mean first of all I mean there was it was the first conference talk I had given in maybe five years. I think the one prior to that uh was um bit block boom 2019 which was my meme talk which uh has uh become infamous and notorious.
(02:43) So uh there was also a lot of like high expectations uh you know rockstar dev uh has has treated that you know uh that that talk with a lot of reference. a lot of people have enjoyed it and he was expecting this one to be, you know, the greatest one ever, which is a little bit of a little bit of a uh a burden to live up to those kinds of standards.
(03:08) Um, but you know, because I don't give a lot of talks. Um, you know, I I I like to uh try to bring ideas that might even be ideas that are common. So, something like hodling, we all talk about it constantly. uh but try to bring it from a little bit of a different angle and try to give um a little bit of uh new light to it.
(03:31) I alsove I've I've always enjoyed kind of coming at things from a third angle. Um whenever there's, you know, there's there's all these little debates that we have in in Bitcoin and sometimes it's nice to try to uh step out of it and look at it a little more uh kind of objectively and find ways of understanding it that incorporate the truths of of all of them.
(03:58) uh you know cuz I think we should always be kind of as much as possible after ultimate truth. Um so with this one um yeah I was kind of finding that that sort of golden mean. So uh um yeah and I actually I think about that a lot is uh you know Aristotle has his his concept of the golden mean. So it's like any any virtue is sort of between two vices um because you can you can always you can always take something too far.
(04:27) So you're you're always trying to find that right balance. Um so someone who is uh courageous you know uh one of the vices uh on one side is being basically reckless. I I can't remember what word he would use. Uh but effectively being reckless and just wanting to put yourself in danger for no other reason than just you know the thrill of it.
(04:50) Um and then on the other side you would just have cowardice which is like you're unwilling to put yourself um at any risk at any time. Um, and courage is right there in the middle where it's understanding when is the right time uh to put your put yourself, you know, in in the face of danger um and take it on. And so um in some sense this this was kind of me uh in in some ways like I'm obviously a partisan of hodling.
(05:20) Um, I've for, you know, a long time now talked about the, um, why huddling is good, why people do it, why we should expect it. Um, but still trying to find that that sort of golden mean of like yes, huddle, but also what are we hodling for? And it's not we're we're not hodddling just merely for the sake of hodddling.
(05:45) There there is a a purpose to it. And we should think about that. And that would also help us think more about um what are the benefits of of spending, when should we spend, why should we spend, what should we spend on um to actually give light to that sort of side of the debate. Um so that was that was what I was kind of trying to trying to get into.
(06:09) Um, as well as also just uh at the same time despite all the talk of hodling, there's always this perennial uh there's always this perennial dislike of hodlers because we're treated as uh as if um we're just free riding the network or we're just greedy or you know any of these things. And I wanted to show how uh huddling does serve a real economic purpose.
(06:36) Um, and it does benefit the individual, but it also does uh it it has actual real social um benefits as well beyond merely the individual. Um, so I wanted to give that sort of defense of hodling as well to look at it from um a a broader position than just merely I'm trying to get rich. Um uh because even the person who uh that is all they want to do um just like you know your your pure number grow up go up moonboy even that behavior has positive ramifications on on the economy.
(07:14) And while we might look at them and have uh judgments about their particular choices for them as an individual, we shouldn't discount that uh their actions are having positive positive effects for the rest of the economy. Yeah. So, let's dive into that just not even in the context of Bitcoin because I think you did a great job of this in the presentation.
(07:36) just you've done a good job of this consistently throughout the years that I've known you. Just from like a first principles Austrian economics perspective, what is the idea around capital accumulation, low time preference and deployment of that capital like what what like getting getting into like the nitty-gritty and then applying it to Bitcoin? Yeah, it's it's a big question and um in many ways I mean I I even I barely scratched the surface.
(08:05) uh I I can't claim to have read uh all the volumes of Bombber works, you know, capital and interest and and stuff like that. Um but I think there's some some sort of basic concepts that we can look at that we can uh draw a lot out. Um the first uh I guess let's write that. So repeat so like capital time preference. Yeah. Well, I guess getting more broad like why sav -
@ 0c65eba8:4a08ef9a
2025-06-04 18:17:07
You don’t need permission to build a better marriage.
You don’t need your husband’s approval. You don’t need a therapist’s blessing. You don’t need the stars to align.
You can begin today.
There are three simple things that will change the emotional climate of your home, strengthen your bond, and deepen your husband’s love for you.
They cost nothing, except some effort.
1. Get Fitter
You already know this. But you might be pretending it doesn’t matter.
It matters.
Men are visual.
We are moved by beauty. Our testosterone spikes when we see a healthy, feminine woman. Your husband may lie to avoid hurting your feelings, but his body will never lie.
When you are fitter:
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He is more attracted to you.
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Sex becomes more frequent and more passionate.
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He feels respected, because you’re showing him you value his opinion and his eyes.
A fit wife is a gift to her husband, to her children, and to herself.
It’s not vanity. It’s honor.
A beautiful wife brings status. It signals competence, discipline, and vitality. Your daughters will imitate you. Your sons will be proud of you. Your husband will admire you.
And yes, it hurts him to see you neglect yourself.
Watching someone you love decay from sloth and self-indulgence is painful. Don’t make him carry that grief.
What to do:
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Eat like a healthy grown woman, not a teenageer or a food addict.
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Exercise daily: 30 minutes of sweat. Breathe hard. Burn some energy.
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Walk an hour every day. Let the earth work on you.
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Get plenty of sleep (not easy, I know).
What not to say:
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“It’s hard.” Yes. That’s why it’s noble.
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“He loves me as I am.” Good. Now love him back by being fit.
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“I’ve had five kids.” Even more reason to demonstrate good habits.
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“Focusing on looks is vain.” No. But shaming your husband’s biology is manipulative.
2. Dress Better
Clothing is a language.
You’re always speaking, even when you say nothing. A woman who dresses with beauty and intention is declaring: I value my femininity. I cherish my role. I respect my family.
Feminine dress invites admiration, raises your mood, and reminds your husband why he married you.
It changes how people treat you.
We instinctively honor what is beautiful and ordered. A woman in soft, flowing fabric is a breath of peace in a hard world.
What to do:
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Choose your outfit the night before. Plan for beauty.
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Invest in practical, elegant, feminine clothing.
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Ask for help. Women with style love to guide others.
What not to say:
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“I can’t find anything modest and pretty.” Then learn to sew. Make it.
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“But I want to be comfortable.” You can be. Just not sloppy.
Comfort and beauty are not enemies. You were made for both.
3. Stop Arguing
You want your husband to lead?
Then stop fighting him at every step.
A man who is forced to debate his wife over every decision will eventually go silent, or go elsewhere.
Men live in constant battle outside the home. They crave peace when they return. Be that peace.
What to do:
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State your needs calmly, once.
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Offer help if asked.
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Let him make the decision.
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Support it.
Then drop it.
A woman who gives her husband room to lead will find herself loved, protected, and honored more deeply than ever before.
What not to say:
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“What if he makes a mistake?” Let him. That’s how men grow.
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“What if it’s serious?” Then trust his seriousness.
-
“But I know better.” Then say your piece once, and trust his judgment.
Let him rise. Let him fail. Let him carry the burden of responsibility.
That’s what makes him a man.
You don’t need a perfect husband to be a better wife.
You don’t need a permission slip to become more beautiful, more graceful, and more peaceful.
Start now.
Improve your marriage unilaterally.
Become the kind of woman your husband cannot stop loving.
And watch what happens next.
-
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@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 18:03:00
I often hear "bitcoin doesn't interest me, I'm not a finance person."
Ironically, the beauty of sound money is you don't have to be. In the current system you're expected to manage a diversified investment portfolio or pay someone to do it. Bitcoin will make that optional.
— ODELL (@ODELL) September 16, 2018
At first glance bitcoin often appears overwhelming to newcomers. It is incredibly easy to get bogged down in the details of how it works or different ways to use it. Enthusiasts, such as myself, often enjoy going down the deep rabbit hole of the potential of bitcoin, possible pitfalls and theoretical scenarios, power user techniques, and the developer ecosystem. If your first touch point with bitcoin is that type of content then it is only natural to be overwhelmed. While it is important that we have a thriving community of bitcoiners dedicated to these complicated tasks - the true beauty of bitcoin lies in its simplicity. Bitcoin is simply better money. It is the best money we have ever had.
Life is complicated. Life is hard. Life is full of responsibility and surprises. Bitcoin allows us to focus on our lives while relying on a money that is simple. A money that is not controlled by any individual, company, or government. A money that cannot be easily seized or blocked. A money that cannot be devalued at will by a handful of corrupt bureaucrat who live hundreds of miles from us. A money that can be easily saved and should increase in purchasing power over time without having to learn how to "build a diversified stock portfolio" or hire someone to do it for us.
Bitcoin enables all of us to focus on our lives - our friends and family - doing what we love with the short time we have on this earth. Time is scarce. Life is complicated. Bitcoin is the most simple aspect of our complicated lives. If we spend our scarce time working then we should be able to easily save that accrued value for future generations without watching the news or understanding complicated financial markets. Bitcoin makes this possible for anyone.
Yesterday was Mother's Day. Raising a human is complicated. It is hard, it requires immense personal responsibility, it requires critical thinking, but mothers figure it out, because it is worth it. Using and saving bitcoin is simple - simply install an app on your phone. Every mother can do it. Every person can do it.
Life is complicated. Life is beautiful. Bitcoin is simple.
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
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@ 0b118e40:4edc09cb
2025-06-04 15:38:51
The idea of Bitcoin as an internet native currency, and eventually a global one, is coming to life slowly. But historically, the idea of global currency has haunted the world’s financial imagination for nearly a century.
From Keynes’s Bancor in 1944 to Zhou Xiaochuan’s post-crisis proposal in 2009 to today’s renewed debates, the idea resurfaces every time the global economy fractures.
Could this time be different with Bitcoin?
I decided to trace the idea of global currency through several decades and books. I may have missed some parts, so feel free to add. I’ll keep this brief and leave the books I’ve read below.
In the beginning
It all started on July 1, 1944. 730 delegates from 44 Allied nations, including major powers like the US, UK, Soviet Union, China, and France, gathered at the Mount Washington Hotel in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire. They spent 2 weeks figuring out how the new international monetary and financial system would be, post WW2
After WW1, the treaty of Versailles was needed, but imposed harsh reparations that devastated economies and contributed to the rise of fascism, such as Hitler, Mussolini and gang.
So when folks met up in 1944 (WW2 was almost ending), the goal was to prevent another Great Depression, another global conflict and build a stable global economic order.
2 main proposals were discussed in Bretton Woods.
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John Maynard Keynes, representing the UK, proposed the creation of a global currency called Bancor. It will be issued through a global central bank known as the International Clearing Union (ICU).
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Harry Dexter White, representing the US, promoted a dollar-based system. Countries would peg their currencies to the US. dollar backed by gold. He also led the creation of the IMF and the World Bank.
To understand how both of these proposals work, let's look at an example.
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Country A (Germany): Massive exporter
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Country B (USA): Massive importer
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Country C (Brazil): Balanced trade (imports = exports)
***Based on Dexter’s model and the current USD-based system, ***
Say Germany sells $1B worth of cars to the US. The US pays in dollars, increasing its trade deficit. Germany accumulates dollars as reserves or buys the US Treasury bonds. Over time, the US continues running trade deficits, while Germany keeps hoarding dollars. Hence the unsustainable debt of the US.
***In Keynes’s Bancor system, ***
If Germany sells $1B worth of cars to the US, then the US does not pay in dollars. Instead, the ICU credits Germany with 1B Bancors and debits the US with -1B Bancors.
The ICU police this. If Germany exceeds the surplus threshold, it pays interest or penalties to discourage hoarding. If the US exceeds its deficit threshold, it is warned to rebalance trade or face restrictions.
Here, Germany is incentivized to import more (e.g., from Brazil) or invest in global development. The US is encouraged to export more or reduce consumption. Brazil, with balanced trade, enjoys stability in Bancor flows and avoids pressure.
The idea behind Bancor was a zero-sum balancing act. No country could become “too big to fail” due to excessive deficits. But it was too complicated and idealistic in assuming every country could maintain balanced trade.
Dexter on the other hand had a few tricks up his sleeve. In the end, Dexter’s USD dominance proposal was adopted.
The Bretton Woods system established the US dollar as the central global currency
Why did dollar dominance win over Bancor?
Simplicity often wins over complexity. But more so ICU felt too centralized, asking nations to surrender economic autonomy to a global body. That didn’t sit well in a post-war world where sovereignty was non-negotiable. That and idealist economic trade balance views.
Dexter’s dollar-based system on the other hand wasn’t fair play at all. It was centralized and authoritarian in its design.
So how did Dexter pull it off?
They had gold. They were ahead in economic recovery.
And they had nuclear weapons.
At the time, the US held nearly 2/3 of the world’s gold reserves. It was a significant advantage in advocating for a gold-backed dollar as the bedrock of global trade.
The US proposed a fixed gold peg at $35 per ounce.
From a broader geopolitical backdrop, the global population in 1944 was about 2.3 billion, a fraction of today’s 8 billion. The world was far less interconnected. The war had devastated Europe, Russia, and much of Asia. Infrastructure, economies, and entire cities were in ruins. The US, by contrast, had faced far fewer casualties and damages. Being geographically isolated, it had minimal domestic losses, around a tenth of what Europe suffered, and its economy was poised to rebuild faster.
But gold dominance and economic recovery alone didn’t secure US financial dominance.
American scientific breakthroughs had already signaled global power. Physicists like Leo Szilard and Albert Einstein, who had fled Europe, helped develop nuclear weapons. Their intent was deterrence, not destruction. But once the bomb existed, it changed geopolitics overnight. The US had military dominance. And after Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945, it became the undisputed superpower.
In the end, the USD won and the vision for neutral global currency faded.
And 20 years passed on…
France sends its warship to the US
Under Bretton Woods, countries could exchange dollars for gold, but the US had been printing more dollars than it had gold to back it. And it used it to fund the costly Vietnam War and domestic programs like the Great Society under LBJ.
Belgian-American economist Robert Triffin pointed out a fatal flaw in the Bretton Woods system that came to be known as the Triffin dilemma.
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The world needed US dollars for liquidity and trade.
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But the more dollars the US pumped out, the less credible its gold promise became.
Yet the US kept promising that every dollar was still convertible to gold at $35 per ounce.
French President Charles de Gaulle saw this as financial imperialism. He called it the “exorbitant privileged position”. The world had to pay for what they bought with the money they have, but not the US.
So in 1965, France did something unexpected. It sent a warship to New York Harbor to physically retrieve French gold reserves held by the Federal Reserve.
Would it have escalated to war? Maybe. But likely not. It was perhaps more of a diplomatic theatre and a sovereign flex. France was exercising its right under the Bretton Woods agreement to convert dollars into gold. But doing it with military formality was to send a signal to the world that they don’t trust the US system anymore.
It was one of the first major public blows to the dollar’s credibility. And France wasn’t alone. Other countries like West Germany and Switzerland followed suit, redeeming dollars for gold and draining US reserves.
The Nixon shock
Given they did not have enough gold, the IMF introduced Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) in 1969. SDRs were an international reserve asset, created to supplement gold and dollar reserves. Instead of relying solely on the US dollar, SDRs were based on a basket of major currencies (originally gold-backed but later diversified).
The idea was to reduce the world’s dependence on the dollar and avoid a liquidity crisis. But SDRs were a little too late and a little too weak to solve the underlying problem.
By 1971, the US could no longer sustain the illusion. President Nixon “closed the gold window,” suspending dollar convertibility to gold.
The Bretton Woods collapsed and this marked the beginning of fiat money dominance.
The French pursuit
While France demanded justice in one corner of the world, the French franc, specifically the CFA franc, has been dominant in parts of Africa since 1945, long before 1971.
After WWII, France created two CFA franc zones:
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West Africa: Communauté Financière Africaine (XOF)
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Central Africa: Coopération Financière en Afrique Centrale (XAF)
These zones included 14 African countries, many of which were former French colonies. France maintained monetary control via currency convertibility guarantees and representation in African central banks. Till today it has influence over these country’s monetary policy.
Colonisation hasn't ended in some parts of the world.
Did countries stop using the USD after the Nixon shock 1971?
Nope. The US dollar was no longer convertible to gold and it dismantled the fixed exchange rate system. But most countries did not stop using the USD as their dominant reserve or trade currency. There were no decent alternatives. Instead, they floated their currencies or maintained a soft peg to the dollar or a basket of currencies.
The USD remained dominant in oil trade (OPEC priced oil in USD) - petrodollar deal, global debt markets and FX reserves (central banks kept holding USD).
In 1997, when many Southeast Asian countries were still pegged to the USD, Soros claimed that SEA will tank. The US further increased its credit rates leading to capital flight and eventual tanking of these countries leading to Asian Financial Crisis '97. Many financial crisis has similar vibe.
The 1999 Euro launch
The idea of a shared currency appeared again, this time through the forms of Euro. It was a mandatory system for member states of the Eurozone, and came with centralized authority, the European Central Bank (ECB), which controlled monetary policy for all participating nations.
At first glance, the euro seemed like a win. It eliminated exchange rate fluctuations, making trade within the Eurozone smoother. It gave weaker economies access to lower borrowing costs and helped Europe establish itself as a financial heavyweight. Today, the euro is the second most-used reserve currency after the US dollar.
But it came at a cost. Countries that adopted the euro lost monetary sovereignty and could no longer print their own money or adjust interest rates to respond to local crises. This became painfully clear during Greece’s debt crisis, where strict monetary policies prevented the country from devaluing its currency to recover. The one-size-fits-all approach meant that economies as different as Germany and Greece had to follow the same rules, often to the detriment of weaker nations. Debt-ridden countries like Italy and Spain were forced into harsh austerity measures because they could not manipulate their currency to ease financial strain. Meanwhile, richer nations like Germany and the Netherlands felt they were unfairly propping up struggling economies, creating political tension across the EU.
In recent years, the euro has faced pressure from global trade tensions, monetary tightening, and geopolitical instability contributing to market volatility and periodic depreciation against other major currencies.
The Bretton Woods 2.0
Believe it or not, after all that, there was a call for Bretton Woods 2.0. Yet another global currency dream.
When the housing market collapsed in 2008 followed by a series of domino effects, global banks froze lending, economies contracted, and panic set in. The crisis exposed how fragile the international financial system had become as it was overly reliant on debt, under-regulated, and centered around the US dollar.
Many countries, especially in the Global South and emerging markets, started to question whether a system built around a single national currency was sustainable.
China, for instance, had been holding huge amounts of US debt while the US printed more dollars through bailouts and quantitative easing. This created global imbalances as exporting nations were lending money to the US to keep the system running, while taking on the risk of dollar depreciation.
In 2009, China’s central bank openly proposed replacing the US dollar with a neutral global reserve currency suggesting SDRs (Special Drawing Rights) issued by the IMF instead.
These concerns led to a wave of calls from world leaders for a “Bretton Woods 2.0” , a modern rethinking of the post-WWII economic order. At G20 summits in London in 2009, countries like France, China, and Russia pushed for reforms in global financial institutions and more balanced power sharing.
In the end, the IMF received more funding, and some banking regulations were tightened in the years after. But no real overhaul happened. No surprise there? The dollar remained dominant.
The foundation of the global economy didn’t change, even though trust in it had been deeply shaken.
The growth of BRICS
In 2023, Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa began discussing the idea of a shared currency or alternative mechanism to reduce the dependence on USD ie de-dollarisation. The sanctions on Russia didn't help. After Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the US and its allies froze Russia’s dollar reserves and cut it off from SWIFT, the “backbone of global banking communication”. This made one thing clear. If you fall out with Washington, your access to the global economy can vanish overnight.
China’s growing economic power also gave it more leverage to process alternative options. It would trade in Yuan with Russia and Iran.
I know many still say it's at its early stage, but I see many countries hedging their bets quietly and aligning with Putin and Xi. It became more obvious after US imposed tariffs on multiple nations, signaling that economic tools can double as political weapons. The world’s second financial system is slowly forming.
What is the world looking for, for the last century ?
A global currency that is
-
Simple
-
Free from dominant power
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Decentralised
-
Borderless
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Scarce
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Transparent
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Inclusive, with self custody
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Resilient in crisis
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Built for individual financial sovereignty
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A new backbone for global finance, owned by no one
It doesn’t matter where you’re from, what politics you believe in, or how your economy leans. The answer keeps pointing in the same direction:
Bitcoin
This is the first true global currency.
And it’s just there
Waiting...
.
.
.
Some books that might interest you :
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The Battle of Bretton Woods by Benn Steil
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Goodbye, Great Britain by Kathleen Burk and Alec Cairncross
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The Ghost of Bancor by Tommaso Padoa-Schioppa
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Confessions of an Economic Hitman by John Perkins
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The Blood Bankers by James S. Henry
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@ e2c72a5a:bfacb2ee
2025-06-04 18:18:32
Forget Lambos, Bitcoin's going corporate.
Sixty one publicly listed companies now hold over 3% of Bitcoin's total supply, doubling their holdings in just two months. That's faster than even Michael Saylor's MicroStrategy. K Wave Media, a South Korean firm, is raising $500M for a Bitcoin treasury, aiming to be the "Metaplanet of Korea." Even Pakistan is discussing Bitcoin reserve plans with Trump's crypto team.
Is your portfolio ready for the corporate Bitcoin takeover?
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@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 17:02:23
Nostr is an open communication protocol that can be used to send messages across a distributed set of relays in a censorship resistant and robust way.
If you missed my nostr introduction post you can find it here. My nostr account can be found here.
We are nearly at the point that if something interesting is posted on a centralized social platform it will usually be posted by someone to nostr.
We are nearly at the point that if something interesting is posted exclusively to nostr it is cross posted by someone to various centralized social platforms.
We are nearly at the point that you can recommend a cross platform app that users can install and easily onboard without additional guides or resources.
As companies continue to build walls around their centralized platforms nostr posts will be the easiest to cross reference and verify - as companies continue to censor their users nostr is the best censorship resistant alternative - gradually then suddenly nostr will become the standard. 🫡
Current Nostr Stats
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 18:02:58
Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.
- The latest firmware updates for COLDCARD devices introduce two major features: COLDCARD Co-sign (CCC) and Key Teleport between two COLDCARD Q devices using QR codes and/or NFC with a website.
What's new
- COLDCARD Co-Sign: When CCC is enabled, a second seed called the Spending Policy Key (Key C) is added to the device. This seed works with the device's Main Seed and one or more additional XPUBs (Backup Keys) to form 2-of-N multisig wallets.
- The spending policy functions like a hardware security module (HSM), enforcing rules such as magnitude and velocity limits, address whitelisting, and 2FA authentication to protect funds while maintaining flexibility and control, and is enforced each time the Spending Policy Key is used for signing.
- When spending conditions are met, the COLDCARD signs the partially signed bitcoin transaction (PSBT) with the Main Seed and Spending Policy Key for fund access. Once configured, the Spending Policy Key is required to view or change the policy, and violations are denied without explanation.
"You can override the spending policy at any time by signing with either a Backup Key and the Main Seed or two Backup Keys, depending on the number of keys (N) in the multisig."
-
A step-by-step guide for setting up CCC is available here.
-
Key Teleport for Q devices allows users to securely transfer sensitive data such as seed phrases (words, xprv), secure notes and passwords, and PSBTs for multisig. It uses QR codes or NFC, along with a helper website, to ensure reliable transmission, keeping your sensitive data protected throughout the process.
- For more technical details, see the protocol spec.
"After you sign a multisig PSBT, you have option to “Key Teleport” the PSBT file to any one of the other signers in the wallet. We already have a shared pubkey with them, so the process is simple and does not require any action on their part in advance. Plus, starting in this firmware release, COLDCARD can finalize multisig transactions, so the last signer can publish the signed transaction via PushTX (NFC tap) to get it on the blockchain directly."
- Multisig transactions are finalized when sufficiently signed. It streamlines the use of PushTX with multisig wallets.
- Signing artifacts re-export to various media. Users are now provided with the capability to export signing products, like transactions or PSBTs, to alternative media rather than the original source. For example, if a PSBT is received through a QR code, it can be signed and saved onto an SD card if needed.
- Multisig export files are signed now. Public keys are encoded as P2PKH address for all multisg signature exports. Learn more about it here.
- NFC export usability upgrade: NFC keeps exporting until CANCEL/X is pressed.
- Added Bitcoin Safe option to Export Wallet.
- 10% performance improvement in USB upload speed for large files.
- Q: Always choose the biggest possible display size for QR.
Fixes
- Do not allow change Main PIN to same value already used as Trick PIN, even if Trick PIN is hidden.
- Fix stuck progress bar under
Receiving...after a USB communications failure. - Showing derivation path in Address Explorer for root key (m) showed double slash (//).
- Can restore developer backup with custom password other than 12 words format.
- Virtual Disk auto mode ignores already signed PSBTs (with “-signed” in file name).
- Virtual Disk auto mode stuck on “Reading…” screen sometimes.
- Finalization of foreign inputs from partial signatures. Thanks Christian Uebber!
- Temporary seed from COLDCARD backup failed to load stored multisig wallets.
Destroy Seedalso removes all Trick PINs from SE2.Lock Down Seedrequires pressing confirm key (4) to execute.- Q only: Only BBQr is allowed to export Coldcard, Core, and pretty descriptor.
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@ 84b0c46a:417782f5
2025-06-01 23:36:42
5/24 nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpvly86xv0ekl7gar8kfp8glfztvftvwrusjsys8qexwmal3sdz6lqywhwumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytnrdakhq6tvv5kk2unjdaezumn9wsq3wamnwvaz7tmwdaehgu3wd968gctwd4hjumt9dcqs6amnwvaz7tmev9382tndv5qjqamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fddfczumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqywhwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgu3wwa5hyetydejhgtn2wqq3zamnwvaz7tmwveex2mrp0yhxzursqyfhwumn8ghj7am0wshxummnw3ezumn9wsqzqxk47yl7vwqu0yrv4fljymp4m2vf0gtesmel4cgg638h82rt4hdn6yyejn
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpvly86xv0ekl7gar8kfp8glfztvftvwrusjsys8qexwmal3sdz6lqyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtt2wqhxummnw3ezuamfwfjkgmn9wshx5uqpr4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqyghwumn8ghj7mnxwfjkccte9eshquqpzdmhxue69uhhwmm59ehx7um5wghxuet5qqs8msrjypjuvhwaarkq72739wl5rewl49vx0ku6s3u3y03anmau5dscqjj0l
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzqnza2du6qe3nnjy0dcgpu0kmr7awunk78m4rtl7x78rxfvay8qlwqyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtt2wqhxummnw3ezuamfwfjkgmn9wshx5uqpr4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqyghwumn8ghj7mnxwfjkccte9eshquqpzdmhxue69uhhwmm59ehx7um5wghxuet5qqs0fzqwr2xt044zglcwcj3dnnxuk0vlcmwcw0sdzw7yhzfsn009ttss5pv6k
こていたんさんのアイコン
5/25 nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzqnza2du6qe3nnjy0dcgpu0kmr7awunk78m4rtl7x78rxfvay8qlwqyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtt2wqhxummnw3ezuamfwfjkgmn9wshx5uqpr4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqyghwumn8ghj7mnxwfjkccte9eshquqpzdmhxue69uhhwmm59ehx7um5wghxuet5qqs0ku3qs4zskmclvtqm0lt707jwn2ylz9v2xj2qakznyp86j4p7fzqd85kfq
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzqnza2du6qe3nnjy0dcgpu0kmr7awunk78m4rtl7x78rxfvay8qlwqyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtt2wqhxummnw3ezuamfwfjkgmn9wshx5uqpr4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqyghwumn8ghj7mnxwfjkccte9eshquqpzdmhxue69uhhwmm59ehx7um5wghxuet5qqs8054fh3l8qtngdfpdwxfl84r36ju3f65zmhjvjy67y7gjj0mhjks2c7w80
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzqnza2du6qe3nnjy0dcgpu0kmr7awunk78m4rtl7x78rxfvay8qlwqyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtt2wqhxummnw3ezuamfwfjkgmn9wshx5uqpr4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqyghwumn8ghj7mnxwfjkccte9eshquqpzdmhxue69uhhwmm59ehx7um5wghxuet5qqsr8nycy3gvjfdn3rqjc49j2gwhwjdhu6d5ms6uxx7y44kzf0u2ftsc8r3c3
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpvly86xv0ekl7gar8kfp8glfztvftvwrusjsys8qexwmal3sdz6lqywhwumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytnrdakhq6tvv5kk2unjdaezumn9wsq3wamnwvaz7tmwdaehgu3wd968gctwd4hjumt9dcqs6amnwvaz7tmev9382tndv5qjqamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fddfczumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqywhwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgu3wwa5hyetydejhgtn2wqq3zamnwvaz7tmwveex2mrp0yhxzursqyfhwumn8ghj7am0wshxummnw3ezumn9wsqzpmcs4xzsusg9s6cn2acasjsam2pwmf6m8h0z08kfca56f8aqwyf2fjwv7w
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzphu0pfjqc0lap83f8xv6e73en5zhfjzsrlx6hnk22pewugzhmpa9qqsvh305tpg0xesw6n4eu2kmumgx0mcv0cn64zznyydzpezzsazdugcyrfqm0
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpvly86xv0ekl7gar8kfp8glfztvftvwrusjsys8qexwmal3sdz6lqywhwumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytnrdakhq6tvv5kk2unjdaezumn9wsq3wamnwvaz7tmwdaehgu3wd968gctwd4hjumt9dcqs6amnwvaz7tmev9382tndv5qjqamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fddfczumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqywhwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgu3wwa5hyetydejhgtn2wqq3zamnwvaz7tmwveex2mrp0yhxzursqyfhwumn8ghj7am0wshxummnw3ezumn9wsqzq2aq2l9cq04ygjjk4tq8zfjmuezvckcav8cfqv6z745744nfd2nqlxpq04
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzphu0pfjqc0lap83f8xv6e73en5zhfjzsrlx6hnk22pewugzhmpa9qqs05f8xz5uahsdzceq9d0mp860hck3ash8s3ssp3paxxu620tw4ufssk6ntz
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5/27 nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzqxlwemj4760tc2ysgqmqdu5tt68th2er6gn8xrsjkjlhvtff6gtzqyt8wumn8ghj7um9v9exx6pwdehhxtn5dajxz7gpzemhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzv9hxgqpqlq0lp52xg7uv4wwzuqy9yhtmcpy5v8ad8v7ft9xcwkdncd97h66q0wmawu
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KAZもさん nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpvly86xv0ekl7gar8kfp8glfztvftvwrusjsys8qexwmal3sdz6lqywhwumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytnrdakhq6tvv5kk2unjdaezumn9wsq3wamnwvaz7tmwdaehgu3wd968gctwd4hjumt9dcqs6amnwvaz7tmev9382tndv5qjqamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fddfczumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqywhwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgu3wwa5hyetydejhgtn2wqq3zamnwvaz7tmwveex2mrp0yhxzursqyfhwumn8ghj7am0wshxummnw3ezumn9wsqzpk3nll8rr3sj6adsrfrlgjpj4cyn2sg9rmlz9m2djwk5zp2ku80czfr460
5/28 kaijiさん nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpvly86xv0ekl7gar8kfp8glfztvftvwrusjsys8qexwmal3sdz6lqyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qywhwumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytnrdakhq6tvv5kk2unjdaezumn9wsqjqamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fddfczumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqywhwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgu3wwa5hyetydejhgtn2wqq3zamnwvaz7tmwveex2mrp0yhxzursqythwumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytnfw36xzmndduhx6etwqyfhwumn8ghj7am0wshxummnw3ezumn9wsqzpt7w33qv7tlywj0wphremkdft6dpnv3z8mvw0t2pdxcgvlzw6sathjmz0v
マルフォイ nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpvly86xv0ekl7gar8kfp8glfztvftvwrusjsys8qexwmal3sdz6lqyw8wumn8ghj7umjw3ex2mrp0yhxxttnw3jkcmrpwghxuet5qyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtt2wqhxummnw3ezuamfwfjkgmn9wshx5uqpr4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqyghwumn8ghj7mnxwfjkccte9eshquqpzdmhxue69uhhwmm59ehx7um5wghxuet5qqs8r0frcfwqkgpefhd0knjurekna8ztnq69432f3k00wccd0vcrl5c6qr3gh
5/29 nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzqrec47eremps2u8wvnu6f2sfjg5njhkrxuw9l6r8uzwfzy2gqq2aqyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qywhwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgu3wwa5hyetydejhgtn2wqq3vamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwdehhxarj9e3xzmnyqqsp2c6xh22lfj2ccy95lqu584hfpfz0ds7w2llnf4sv2qs445yqcgqmgwq57
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzphu0pfjqc0lap83f8xv6e73en5zhfjzsrlx6hnk22pewugzhmpa9qyt8wumn8ghj7um9v9exx6pwdehhxtn5dajxz7gpzemhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzv9hxgqpqt43r3wtjkr5ezxay6dh7jq94nelduvsk07w5ufxrver5f6jfggksakz9e8
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzqyqmxrhg3sn6z00x30mu3srrdr4ru05rweq4jhqcvat805v2g6j9qyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qywhwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgu3wwa5hyetydejhgtn2wqqjqamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fddfczumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqyghwumn8ghj7mnxwfjkccte9eshquqpz4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumt0wd68ytnsw43qzymhwden5te0wahhgtnwdaehgu3wdejhgqpqn6n7xrrmk40ucmh9m5ktae58xjqz6h7epj6mcffpcmuhgpysvv6snh5vf5
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpk28l9nyyf4av8f8j8jhh8k60mt2sc643ux2td3n547kvk4lrsglqyt8wumn8ghj7um9v9exx6pwdehhxtn5dajxz7gpzemhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzv9hxgqpq6gv8avhe93ypvypd66rmn34760s3sldj3x2cz5w4yu2xy9z8tt2qadd7kl
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpk28l9nyyf4av8f8j8jhh8k60mt2sc643ux2td3n547kvk4lrsglqyt8wumn8ghj7um9v9exx6pwdehhxtn5dajxz7gpzemhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzv9hxgqpqn2pfqkgcfk3cdhtvkqqlfycsy2j2xe6c6jz8gzfxlnddnq8jq6vqecuvwy
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpug7j8zm7jr0hjunpkpgz8gzdvgn5h8mw77g4wg58xnmsav6pvz2qqspds662qvcpz995r5rx39wzncyzcx3q5zfpe8ztgx4zdwy9znvu9cv28mya
5/30 nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzp54kkqfyshkxm078mpzygmfxpqfq6fwu2njry424strce6dmvhwyqqstc5jak2vax4uejyrmu2td3w0spv6k4mds9sfwqtvmh0hwaa3eststwmtzt
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzp54kkqfyshkxm078mpzygmfxpqfq6fwu2njry424strce6dmvhwyqqs9v75spmgrxngfn805q5d9fsqa562a8240xkr6z3kvkszkra9plvsgm2qw4
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzp62ezs5gz04adyt8xmyghw2ej3yk7eradlnknmuysd5ha2udqnfdqyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qywhwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgu3wwa5hyetydejhgtn2wqqjqamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fddfczumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqyghwumn8ghj7mnxwfjkccte9eshquqpzdmhxue69uhhwmm59ehx7um5wghxuet5qqswy0smsrukck33hfhavscvs68pg9m4d859np8pkgvrc49kwjzr4ac0cwhea
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpc9ge0t4a0lya7a63fjl749mgdv9ssz0dhqt5jnytz3y6lmy9525qyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qywhwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgu3wwa5hyetydejhgtn2wqqjqamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fddfczumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqyghwumn8ghj7mnxwfjkccte9eshquqpz4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumt0wd68ytnsw43qzymhwden5te0wahhgtnwdaehgu3wdejhgqpqeunx8pj5hc255wqu4ea9cgz6cptjvcx6jk8yfd8u55smjl6y8z9sepz5xt
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzp62ezs5gz04adyt8xmyghw2ej3yk7eradlnknmuysd5ha2udqnfdqyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qywhwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgu3wwa5hyetydejhgtn2wqqjqamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fddfczumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqyghwumn8ghj7mnxwfjkccte9eshquqpzdmhxue69uhhwmm59ehx7um5wghxuet5qqst07pk8637lvs5vjnp00quzhcsx8ghran90nsm6sycnm3a626lnqqw0py8w
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzp62ezs5gz04adyt8xmyghw2ej3yk7eradlnknmuysd5ha2udqnfdqyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qyw8wumn8ghj7umjw3ex2mrp0yhxxttnw3jkcmrpwghxuet5qys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtt2wqhxummnw3ezuamfwfjkgmn9wshx5uqpr4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqyghwumn8ghj7mnxwfjkccte9eshquqpzdmhxue69uhhwmm59ehx7um5wghxuet5qqsya6zp38496uetw83txlr294nttk6myuc0n7hxrl2d7jma2rvvcesnz2naf
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzqlwpvac39uz74ay4g7qx2sa3cqrvuvjhy7899vwf40lkxfcw6uz0qyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qyghwumn8ghj7mnxwfjkccte9eshquqpr4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtt2wqhxummnw3ezuamfwfjkgmn9wshx5uqpzdmhxue69uhhwmm59ehx7um5wghxuet5qqsz6zj33hmynuhq20nscntjc3lhx4hl5azhf0cx38g5nmhpjezuttqpdr0ht
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzqhh27290rxjexusv8as357lpxy423nnznzfh4fjkq22k94tvqcpaqyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qyghwumn8ghj7u3wddhk56tjvyhxjmcqyrfpj9ym2apvgjpmcy4qjq2ks89uzuwm27d9jpj9flk7438sm23kqjetapu
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpuy2jdcyy3vqr4l9ucmhlpuwnsl29h7lwsvaez00eu4467jlvf7eqythwumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytnfw36xzmndduhx6etwqyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtt2wqhxummnw3ezuamfwfjkgmn9wshx5uqpr4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqyghwumn8ghj7mnxwfjkccte9eshquqpzdmhxue69uhhwmm59ehx7um5wghxuet5qqsphe28h7t6jmwlvpd90q38xkde87hmy9q24u90sgeaz6hu6nfsazqxkfw56
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpvejpj7qu48t770xawrhlfsfertyt4nj9zpdcmvkr34jruzs8frgqys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtt2wqhxummnw3ezuamfwfjkgmn9wshx5uqpp4mhxue69uhhjctzw5hx6egpzdmhxue69uhhwmm59ehx7um5wghxuet5qywhwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgu3wwa5hyetydejhgtn2wqq3zamnwvaz7tmwveex2mrp0yhxzursqqsfsm5q8d29wv600zamale03l8dm596x29x359xzc6n6p23zjzfj8cq8zdmc
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 17:02:22
Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.
- The latest firmware updates for COLDCARD devices introduce two major features: COLDCARD Co-sign (CCC) and Key Teleport between two COLDCARD Q devices using QR codes and/or NFC with a website.
What's new
- COLDCARD Co-Sign: When CCC is enabled, a second seed called the Spending Policy Key (Key C) is added to the device. This seed works with the device's Main Seed and one or more additional XPUBs (Backup Keys) to form 2-of-N multisig wallets.
- The spending policy functions like a hardware security module (HSM), enforcing rules such as magnitude and velocity limits, address whitelisting, and 2FA authentication to protect funds while maintaining flexibility and control, and is enforced each time the Spending Policy Key is used for signing.
- When spending conditions are met, the COLDCARD signs the partially signed bitcoin transaction (PSBT) with the Main Seed and Spending Policy Key for fund access. Once configured, the Spending Policy Key is required to view or change the policy, and violations are denied without explanation.
"You can override the spending policy at any time by signing with either a Backup Key and the Main Seed or two Backup Keys, depending on the number of keys (N) in the multisig."
-
A step-by-step guide for setting up CCC is available here.
-
Key Teleport for Q devices allows users to securely transfer sensitive data such as seed phrases (words, xprv), secure notes and passwords, and PSBTs for multisig. It uses QR codes or NFC, along with a helper website, to ensure reliable transmission, keeping your sensitive data protected throughout the process.
- For more technical details, see the protocol spec.
"After you sign a multisig PSBT, you have option to “Key Teleport” the PSBT file to any one of the other signers in the wallet. We already have a shared pubkey with them, so the process is simple and does not require any action on their part in advance. Plus, starting in this firmware release, COLDCARD can finalize multisig transactions, so the last signer can publish the signed transaction via PushTX (NFC tap) to get it on the blockchain directly."
- Multisig transactions are finalized when sufficiently signed. It streamlines the use of PushTX with multisig wallets.
- Signing artifacts re-export to various media. Users are now provided with the capability to export signing products, like transactions or PSBTs, to alternative media rather than the original source. For example, if a PSBT is received through a QR code, it can be signed and saved onto an SD card if needed.
- Multisig export files are signed now. Public keys are encoded as P2PKH address for all multisg signature exports. Learn more about it here.
- NFC export usability upgrade: NFC keeps exporting until CANCEL/X is pressed.
- Added Bitcoin Safe option to Export Wallet.
- 10% performance improvement in USB upload speed for large files.
- Q: Always choose the biggest possible display size for QR.
Fixes
- Do not allow change Main PIN to same value already used as Trick PIN, even if Trick PIN is hidden.
- Fix stuck progress bar under
Receiving...after a USB communications failure. - Showing derivation path in Address Explorer for root key (m) showed double slash (//).
- Can restore developer backup with custom password other than 12 words format.
- Virtual Disk auto mode ignores already signed PSBTs (with “-signed” in file name).
- Virtual Disk auto mode stuck on “Reading…” screen sometimes.
- Finalization of foreign inputs from partial signatures. Thanks Christian Uebber!
- Temporary seed from COLDCARD backup failed to load stored multisig wallets.
Destroy Seedalso removes all Trick PINs from SE2.Lock Down Seedrequires pressing confirm key (4) to execute.- Q only: Only BBQr is allowed to export Coldcard, Core, and pretty descriptor.
-
@ b1ddb4d7:471244e7
2025-06-04 16:02:13
Starting January 1, 2026, the United Kingdom will impose some of the world’s most stringent reporting requirements on cryptocurrency firms.
All platforms operating in or serving UK customers-domestic and foreign alike-must collect and disclose extensive personal and transactional data for every user, including individuals, companies, trusts, and charities.
This regulatory drive marks the UK’s formal adoption of the OECD’s Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework (CARF), a global initiative designed to bring crypto oversight in line with traditional banking and to curb tax evasion in the rapidly expanding digital asset sector.
What Will Be Reported?
Crypto firms must gather and submit the following for each transaction:
- User’s full legal name, home address, and taxpayer identification number
- Detailed data on every trade or transfer: type of cryptocurrency, amount, and nature of the transaction
- Identifying information for corporate, trust, and charitable clients
The obligation extends to all digital asset activities, including crypto-to-crypto and crypto-to-fiat trades, and applies to both UK residents and non-residents using UK-based platforms. The first annual reports covering 2026 activity are due by May 31, 2027.
Enforcement and Penalties
Non-compliance will carry stiff financial penalties, with fines of up to £300 per user account for inaccurate or missing data-a potentially enormous liability for large exchanges. The UK government has urged crypto firms to begin collecting this information immediately to ensure operational readiness.
Regulatory Context and Market Impact
This move is part of a broader UK strategy to position itself as a global fintech hub while clamping down on fraud and illicit finance. UK Chancellor Rachel Reeves has championed these measures, stating, “Britain is open for business – but closed to fraud, abuse, and instability”. The regulatory expansion comes amid a surge in crypto adoption: the UK’s Financial Conduct Authority reported that 12% of UK adults owned crypto in 2024, up from just 4% in 2021.
Enormous Risks for Consumers: Lessons from the Coinbase Data Breach
While the new framework aims to enhance transparency and protect consumers, it also dramatically increases the volume of sensitive personal data held by crypto firms-raising the stakes for cybersecurity.
The risks are underscored by the recent high-profile breach at Coinbase, one of the world’s largest exchanges.
In May 2025, Coinbase disclosed that cybercriminals, aided by bribed offshore contractors, accessed and exfiltrated customer data including names, addresses, government IDs, and partial bank details.
The attackers then used this information for sophisticated phishing campaigns, successfully deceiving some customers into surrendering account credentials and funds.
“While private encryption keys remained secure, sufficient customer information was exposed to enable sophisticated phishing attacks by criminals posing as Coinbase personnel.”
Coinbase now faces up to $400 million in compensation costs and has pledged to reimburse affected users, but the incident highlights the systemic vulnerability created when large troves of personal data are centralized-even if passwords and private keys are not directly compromised. The breach also triggered a notable drop in Coinbase’s share price and prompted a $20 million bounty for information leading to the attackers’ capture.
The Bottom Line
The UK’s forthcoming crypto reporting regime represents a landmark in financial regulation, promising greater transparency and tax compliance. However, as the Coinbase episode demonstrates, the aggregation of sensitive user data at scale poses a significant cybersecurity risk.
As regulators push for more oversight, the challenge will be ensuring that consumer protection does not become a double-edged sword-exposing users to new threats even as it seeks to shield them from old ones.
-
@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 17:02:20
Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.
- RoboSats v0.7.7-alpha is now available!
NOTE: "This version of clients is not compatible with older versions of coordinators. Coordinators must upgrade first, make sure you don't upgrade your client while this is marked as pre-release."
- This version brings a new and improved coordinators view with reviews signed both by the robot and the coordinator, adds market price sources in coordinator profiles, shows a correct warning for canceling non-taken orders after a payment attempt, adds Uzbek sum currency, and includes package library updates for coordinators.
Source: RoboSats.
- siggy47 is writing daily RoboSats activity reviews on stacker.news. Check them out here.
- Stay up-to-date with RoboSats on Nostr.
What's new
- New coordinators view (see the picture above).
- Available coordinator reviews signed by both the robot and the coordinator.
- Coordinators now display market price sources in their profiles.
Source: RoboSats.
- Fix for wrong message on cancel button when taking an order. Users are now warned if they try to cancel a non taken order after a payment attempt.
- Uzbek sum currency now available.
- For coordinators: library updates.
- Add docker frontend (#1861).
- Add order review token (#1869).
- Add UZS migration (#1875).
- Fixed tests review (#1878).
- Nostr pubkey for Robot (#1887).
New contributors
Full Changelog: v0.7.6-alpha...v0.7.7-alpha
-
@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 18:02:53
Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.
-
Version 1.3 of Bitcoin Safe introduces a redesigned interactive chart, quick receive feature, updated icons, a mempool preview window, support for Child Pays For Parent (CPFP) and testnet4, preconfigured testnet demo wallets, as well as various bug fixes and improvements.
-
Upcoming updates for Bitcoin Safe include Compact Block Filters.
"Compact Block Filters increase the network privacy dramatically, since you're not asking an electrum server to give you your transactions. They are a little slower than electrum servers. For a savings wallet like Bitcoin Safe this should be OK," writes the project's developer Andreas Griffin.
- Learn more about the current and upcoming features of Bitcoin Safe wallet here.
What's new in v1.3
- Redesign of Chart, Quick Receive, Icons, and Mempool Preview (by @design-rrr).
- Interactive chart. Clicking on it now jumps to transaction, and selected transactions are now highlighted.
- Speed up transactions with Child Pays For Parent (CPFP).
- BDK 1.2 (upgraded from 0.32).
- Testnet4 support.
- Preconfigured Testnet demo wallets.
- Cluster unconfirmed transactions so that parents/children are next to each other.
- Customizable columns for all tables (optional view: Txid, Address index, and more)
- Bug fixes and other improvements.
Announcement / Archive
Blog Post / Archive
GitHub Repo
Website -
-
@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 18:02:52
Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.
This update brings key enhancements for clarity and usability:
- Recent Blocks View: Added to the Send tab and inspired by Mempool's visualization, it displays the last 2 blocks and the estimated next block to help choose fee rates.
- Camera System Overhaul: Features a new library for higher resolution detection and mouse-scroll zoom support when available.
- Vector-Based Images: All app images are now vectorized and theme-aware, enhancing contrast, especially in dark mode.
- Tor & P2A Updates: Upgraded internal Tor and improved support for pay-to-anchor (P2A) outputs.
- Linux Package Rename: For Linux users, Sparrow has been renamed to sparrowwallet (or sparrowserver); in some cases, the original sparrow package may need manual removal.
- Additional updates include showing total payments in multi-payment transaction diagrams, better handling of long labels, and other UI enhancements.
- Sparrow v2.2.1 is a bug fix release that addresses missing UUID issue when starting Tor on recent macOS versions, icons for external sources in Settings and Recent Blocks view, repackaged
.debinstalls to use older gzip instead of zstd compression, and removed display of median fee rate where fee rates source is set to Server.
Learn how to get started with Sparrow wallet:
Release notes (v2.2.0)
- Added Recent Blocks view to Send tab.
- Converted all bitmapped images to theme aware SVG format for all wallet models and dialogs.
- Support send and display of pay to anchor (P2A) outputs.
- Renamed
sparrowpackage tosparrowwalletandsparrowserveron Linux. - Switched camera library to openpnp-capture.
- Support FHD (1920 x 1080) and UHD4k (3840 x 2160) capture resolutions.
- Support camera zoom with mouse scroll where possible.
- In the Download Verifier, prefer verifying the dropped file over the default file where the file is not in the manifest.
- Show a warning (with an option to disable the check) when importing a wallet with a derivation path matching another script type.
- In Cormorant, avoid calling the
listwalletdirRPC on initialization due to a potentially slow response on Windows. - Avoid server address resolution for public servers.
- Assume server address is non local for resolution failures where a proxy is configured.
- Added a tooltip to indicate truncated labels in table cells.
- Dynamically truncate input and output labels in the tree on a transaction tab, and add tooltips if necessary.
- Improved tooltips for wallet tabs and transaction diagrams with long labels.
- Show the address where available on input and output tooltips in transaction tab tree.
- Show the total amount sent in payments in the transaction diagram when constructing multiple payment transactions.
- Reset preferred table column widths on adjustment to improve handling after window resizing.
- Added accessible text to improve screen reader navigation on seed entry.
- Made Wallet Summary table grow horizontally with dialog sizing.
- Reduced tooltip show delay to 200ms.
- Show transaction diagram fee percentage as less than 0.01% rather than 0.00%.
- Optimized and reduced Electrum server RPC calls.
- Upgraded Bouncy Castle, PGPainless and Logback libraries.
- Upgraded internal Tor to v0.4.8.16.
- Bug fix: Fixed issue with random ordering of keystore origins on labels import.
- Bug fix: Fixed non-zero account script type detection when signing a message on Trezor devices.
- Bug fix: Fixed issue parsing remote Coldcard xpub encoded on a different network.
- Bug fix: Fixed inclusion of fees on wallet label exports.
- Bug fix: Increase Trezor device libusb timeout.
Linux users: Note that the
sparrowpackage has been renamed tosparrowwalletorsparrowserver, and in some cases you may need to manually uninstall the originalsparrowpackage. Look in the/optfolder to ensure you have the new name, and the original is removed.What's new in v2.2.1
- Updated Tor library to fix missing UUID issue when starting Tor on recent macOS versions.
- Repackaged
.debinstalls to use older gzip instead of zstd compression. - Removed display of median fee rate where fee rates source is set to Server.
- Added icons for external sources in Settings and Recent Blocks view
- Bug fix: Fixed issue in Recent Blocks view when switching fee rates source
- Bug fix: Fixed NPE on null fee returned from server
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@ a19caaa8:88985eaf
2025-05-31 20:59:56
- 音楽ヨシ
- ビジュヨシ
- おもろヨシ
-
インターネットおもろヨシ
-
実在ヨシ
-
思想近し
おわり デッカデッカ風船
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 17:02:19
Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.
-
Version 1.3 of Bitcoin Safe introduces a redesigned interactive chart, quick receive feature, updated icons, a mempool preview window, support for Child Pays For Parent (CPFP) and testnet4, preconfigured testnet demo wallets, as well as various bug fixes and improvements.
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Upcoming updates for Bitcoin Safe include Compact Block Filters.
"Compact Block Filters increase the network privacy dramatically, since you're not asking an electrum server to give you your transactions. They are a little slower than electrum servers. For a savings wallet like Bitcoin Safe this should be OK," writes the project's developer Andreas Griffin.
- Learn more about the current and upcoming features of Bitcoin Safe wallet here.
What's new in v1.3
- Redesign of Chart, Quick Receive, Icons, and Mempool Preview (by @design-rrr).
- Interactive chart. Clicking on it now jumps to transaction, and selected transactions are now highlighted.
- Speed up transactions with Child Pays For Parent (CPFP).
- BDK 1.2 (upgraded from 0.32).
- Testnet4 support.
- Preconfigured Testnet demo wallets.
- Cluster unconfirmed transactions so that parents/children are next to each other.
- Customizable columns for all tables (optional view: Txid, Address index, and more)
- Bug fixes and other improvements.
Announcement / Archive
Blog Post / Archive
GitHub Repo
Website -
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@ b1ddb4d7:471244e7
2025-06-04 16:02:04
“Not your keys, not your coins” isn’t a slogan—it’s a survival mantra in the age of digital sovereignty.
The seismic collapses of Mt. Gox (2014) and FTX (2022) weren’t anomalies; they were wake-up calls. When $8.7 billion in customer funds vanished with FTX, it exposed the fatal flaw of third-party custody: your bitcoin is only as secure as your custodian’s weakest link.
Yet today, As of early 2025, analysts estimate that between 2.3 million and 3.7 million Bitcoins are permanently lost, representing approximately 11–18% of bitcoin’s fixed maximum supply of 21 million coins, with some reports suggesting losses as high as 4 million BTC. This paradox reveals a critical truth: self-custody isn’t just preferable—it’s essential—but it must be done right.
The Custody Spectrum
Custodial Wallets (The Illusion of Control)
- Rehypothecation Risk: Most platforms lend your bitcoin for yield generation. When Celsius collapsed, users discovered their “held” bitcoin was loaned out in risky strategies.
- Account Freezes: Regulatory actions can lock withdrawals overnight. In 2023, Binance suspended dollar withdrawals for U.S. users citing “partner bank issues,” trapping funds for weeks.
- Data Vulnerability: KYC requirements create honeypots for hackers. The 2024 Ledger breach exposed 270,000 users’ personal data despite hardware security.
True Self-Custody
Self-custody means exclusively controlling your private keys—the cryptographic strings that prove bitcoin ownership. Unlike banks or exchanges, self-custody eliminates:- Counterparty risk (no FTX-style implosions)
- Censorship (no blocked transactions)
- Inflationary theft (no fractional reserve lending)
Conquering the Three Great Fears of Self-Custody
Fear 1: “I’ll Lose Everything If I Make a Mistake”
Reality: Human error is manageable with robust systems:
- Test Transactions: Always send a micro-amount (0.00001 BTC) before large transfers. Verify receipt AND ability to send back.
- Multi-Backup Protocol: Store seed phrases on fireproof/waterproof steel plates (not paper!). Distribute copies geographically—one in a home safe, another with trusted family 100+ miles away.
- SLIP39 Sharding: Split your seed into fragments requiring 3-of-5 shards to reconstruct. No single point of failure.
Fear 2: “Hackers Will Steal My Keys”
Reality: Offline storage defeats remote attacks:
- Hardware Wallets: Devices like Bitkey or Ledger keep keys in “cold storage”—isolated from internet-connected devices. Transactions require physical confirmation.
- Multisig Vaults: Bitvault’s multi-sig system requires attackers compromise multiple locations/devices simultaneously. Even losing two keys won’t forfeit funds.
- Air-Gapped Verification: Use dedicated offline devices for wallet setup. Never type seeds on internet-connected machines.
Fear 3: “My Family Can’t Access It If I Die”
Reality: Inheritance is solvable:
- Dead Man Switches: Bitwarden’s emergency access allows trusted contacts to retrieve encrypted keys after a pre-set waiting period (e.g., 30 days).
- Inheritance Protocols: Bitkey’s inheritance solution shares decryption keys via designated beneficiaries’ emails. Requires multiple approvals to prevent abuse.
- Public Key Registries: Share wallet XPUBs (not private keys!) with heirs. They can monitor balances but not spend, ensuring transparency without risk.
The Freedom Dividend
- Censorship Resistance: Send $10M BTC to a Wikileaks wallet without Visa/Mastercard blocking it.
- Privacy Preservation: Avoid KYC surveillance—non-custodial wallets like Flash require zero ID verification.
- Protocol Access: Participate in bitcoin-native innovations (Lightning Network, DLCs) only possible with self-custodied keys.
- Black Swan Immunity: When Cyprus-style bank bailins happen, your bitcoin remains untouched in your vault.
The Sovereign’s Checklist
- Withdraw from Exchanges: Move all BTC > $1,000 to self-custody immediately.
- Buy Hardware Wallet: Purchase DIRECTLY from manufacturer (no Amazon!) to avoid supply-chain tampering.
- Generate Seed OFFLINE: Use air-gapped device, write phrase on steel—never digitally.
- Test Recovery: Delete wallet, restore from seed before funding.
- Implement Multisig: For > $75k, use Bitvault for 2-of-3 multi-sig setup.
- Create Inheritance Plan: Share XPUBs/SLIP39 shards with heirs + legal documents.
“Self-custody isn’t about avoiding risk—it’s about transferring risk from opaque institutions to transparent, controllable systems you design.”
The Inevitable Evolution: Custody Without Compromise
Emerging solutions are erasing old tradeoffs:
- MPC Wallets: Services like Xapo Bank shatter keys into encrypted fragments distributed globally. No single device holds full keys, defeating physical theft.
- Social Recovery: Ethically designed networks (e.g., Bitkey) let trusted contacts restore access without custodial control.
- Biometric Assurance: Fingerprint reset protocols prevent lockouts from physical injuries.
Lost keys = lost bitcoin. But consider the alternative: entrusting your life savings to entities with proven 8% annual failure rates among exchanges. Self-custody shifts responsibility from hoping institutions won’t fail to knowing your system can’t fail without your consent.
Take action today: Move one coin. Test one recovery. Share one xpub. The path to unchained wealth begins with a single satoshi under your control.
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@ 84b0c46a:417782f5
2025-05-31 09:11:23
Simple Long Form Content Editor (NIP-23)
機能
-
nostr:npub1sjcvg64knxkrt6ev52rywzu9uzqakgy8ehhk8yezxmpewsthst6sw3jqcw や、 nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzq4jsz7zew5j7jr4pdfxh483nwq9vyw9ph6wm706sjwrzj2we58nqqyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtt2wqhxummnw3ezuamfwfjkgmn9wshx5uqpr4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqyxhwumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmvqqsgcn99jyn5tevxz5zxsrkd7h0sx8fwnqztula423xh83j9wau7cms3vg9c7 のようにnostr:要素を挿入できる （メニューのNアイコンから挿入またはnostr:note～～のように手動で入力）
-
:monoice:のようにカスタム絵文字を挿入できる(メニューの🙂アイコンから)
:monopaca_kao:
:kubipaca_karada:
- 新規記事作成と、既存記事の修正ができる
やることやったこと
-
[x] nostr:を投稿するときにtagにいれる
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[x] 画像をアップロードできるようにする（NIP-96）
できる - [x] 投稿しましたログとかをトースト的なやつでだすようにする
- [ ] レイアウトを整える
- [ ] あとなんか
test
nostr:naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzpp9sc34tdxdvxh4jeg5xgu9ctcypmvsg0n00vwfjydkrjaqh0qh4qqxnzde58q6njvpkxqersv3ejxw9x9
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 17:02:18
- This version introduces the Soroban P2P network, enabling Dojo to relay transactions to the Bitcoin network and share others' transactions to break the heuristic linking relaying nodes to transaction creators.
- Additionally, Dojo admins can now manage API keys in DMT with labels, status, and expiration, ideal for community Dojo providers like Dojobay. New API endpoints, including "/services" exposing Explorer, Soroban, and Indexer, have been added to aid wallet developers.
- Other maintenance updates include Bitcoin Core, Tor, Fulcrum, Node.js, plus an updated ban-knots script to disconnect inbound Knots nodes.
"I want to thank all the contributors. This again shows the power of true Free Software. I also want to thank everyone who donated to help Dojo development going. I truly appreciate it," said Still Dojo Coder.
What's new
- Soroban P2P network. For MyDojo (Docker setup) users, Soroban will be automatically installed as part of their Dojo. This integration allows Dojo to utilize the Soroban P2P network for various upcoming features and applications.
- PandoTx. PandoTx serves as a transaction transport layer. When your wallet sends a transaction to Dojo, it is relayed to a random Soroban node, which then forwards it to the Bitcoin network. It also enables your Soroban node to receive and relay transactions from others to the Bitcoin network and is designed to disrupt the assumption that a node relaying a transaction is closely linked to the person who initiated it.
- Pushing transactions through Soroban can be deactivated by setting
NODE_PANDOTX_PUSH=offindocker-node.conf. - Processing incoming transactions from Soroban network can be deactivated by setting
NODE_PANDOTX_PROCESS=offindocker-node.conf.
- Pushing transactions through Soroban can be deactivated by setting
- API key management has been introduced to address the growing number of people offering their Dojos to the community. Dojo admins can now access a new API management tab in their DMT, where they can create unlimited API keys, assign labels for easy identification, and set expiration dates for each key. This allows admins to avoid sharing their main API key and instead distribute specific keys to selected parties.
- New API endpoints. Several new API endpoints have been added to help API consumers develop features on Dojo more efficiently:
- New:
/latest-block- returns data about latest block/txout/:txid/:index- returns unspent output data/support/services- returns info about services that Dojo exposes
- Updated:
/tx/:txid- endpoint has been updated to return raw transaction with parameter?rawHex=1
- The new
/support/servicesendpoint replaces the deprecatedexplorerfield in the Dojo pairing payload. Although still present, API consumers should use this endpoint for explorer and other pairing data.
- New:
Other changes
- Updated ban script to disconnect inbound Knots nodes.
- Updated Fulcrum to v1.12.0.
- Regenerate Fulcrum certificate if expired.
- Check if transaction already exists in pushTx.
- Bump BTC-RPC Explorer.
- Bump Tor to v0.4.8.16, bump Snowflake.
- Updated Bitcoin Core to v29.0.
- Removed unnecessary middleware.
- Fixed DB update mechanism, added api_keys table.
- Add an option to use blocksdir config for bitcoin blocks directory.
- Removed deprecated configuration.
- Updated Node.js dependencies.
- Reconfigured container dependencies.
- Fix Snowflake git URL.
- Fix log path for testnet4.
- Use prebuilt addrindexrs binaries.
- Add instructions to migrate blockchain/fulcrum.
- Added pull policies.
Learn how to set up and use your own Bitcoin privacy node with Dojo here.
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@ eb0157af:77ab6c55
2025-06-04 18:02:42
Bitmain’s new device raises the bar for energy efficiency.
During the World Digital Mining Summit, Bitmain introduced its latest bitcoin mining device: the Antminer S23 Hydro. The new miner promises an energy efficiency of 9.5 joules per terahash (J/TH), setting new industry standards.
ANTMINER S23 Hyd. Newly Launched at WDMS 2025!
580T 9.5J/T
Sales Start from May 28th, 9:00AM (EST)
Shipping from Q1, 2026 pic.twitter.com/Kg3VJTt7Rg— BITMAIN (@BITMAINtech) May 27, 2025
According to Bitmain’s presentation, the Antminer S23 Hydro delivers up to 580 TH/s with a power consumption of 5,510 watts.
Scheduled for release in early 2026, the Antminer S23 Hydro marks a major leap forward compared to the first ASIC devices dedicated to mining. To put it in perspective, the first specialized miners launched in 2013 consumed around 1,200 J/TH. Bitmain’s latest device therefore represents a more than 99% improvement in efficiency.
Hashprice and economic challenges
In recent months, the hashprice — the metric measuring mining profitability — has remained relatively low, dropping below $39 per petahash per second during the year. As of now, the hashprice stands at around $55 per petahash per second, according to data from Hashrate Index.
This scenario has pushed several companies in the sector to rethink their expansion strategies. Instead of increasing hashing capacity, many are choosing to upgrade their existing fleets, focusing on efficiency rather than sheer scale.
The introduction of the Antminer S23 Hydro could catalyze a transformation within the mining ecosystem. The gradual replacement of outdated devices with more efficient technology could lead to a significant reduction in the Bitcoin network’s overall energy consumption.
The post Bitmain unveils the Antminer S23 Hydro: unprecedented efficiency appeared first on Atlas21.
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@ eb0157af:77ab6c55
2025-06-04 18:02:39
The Russian banking giant introduces financial instruments linked to Bitcoin for qualified investors.
Russia’s largest commercial banking institution, Sber, has made its entry into the Bitcoin space by unveiling a bond product tied to the asset.
Sber has officially launched its structured financial instrument that mirrors the price performance of Bitcoin alongside fluctuations in the dollar-ruble exchange rate. The product is already available to qualified investors through the over-the-counter (OTC) market, with plans to list it on the Moscow Exchange in the near future.
Formerly known as Sberbank, the institution stated in a May 30 announcement that the listing would provide transparency, liquidity, and convenience for a wide range of professional investors. This structured approach will allow investors to benefit both from Bitcoin’s appreciation in dollars and from the strengthening of the US dollar against the Russian ruble, the bank suggests.
The lender also announced plans to expand its crypto offering through the SberInvestments platform, introducing exchange-traded products that provide exposure to digital assets. The first product will be a Bitcoin futures instrument, scheduled for listing on June 4, coinciding with its official launch by the Moscow Exchange.
Sber’s initiative follows the authorization granted by Russia’s Central Bank on May 28, which permitted financial institutions to offer specific crypto-related financial instruments to accredited investors. However, the direct offering of cryptocurrencies remains prohibited.
Meanwhile, T-Bank (formerly Tinkoff Bank) launched an investment product linked to Bitcoin’s price, branding it a “smart asset” issued through Russia’s state-backed tokenization platform Atomyze.
According to the Russian Central Bank’s report for the first quarter of 2025, Russian residents hold approximately 827 billion rubles ($9.2 billion) in cryptocurrencies on centralized exchanges. Inflows into Russian crypto platforms surged by 51%, reaching 7.3 trillion rubles ($81.5 billion) over the same period.
The post Sber, Russia’s largest bank, launches Bitcoin bonds appeared first on Atlas21.
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@ eb0157af:77ab6c55
2025-06-04 18:02:33
The newly elected South Korean President is aiming for a breakthrough in the cryptocurrency market with the introduction of spot ETFs and a national stablecoin.
On June 4, South Korea officially elected Lee Jae-myung as its new President. The candidate from the left-wing party secured victory following the impeachment of former leader Yoon Suk-yeol, who ended his three-year term after a failed attempt to establish a military-backed government.
Voter turnout reached 79.4%, the highest in the last 28 years. Lee won 49.42% of the vote, defeating his conservative opponent Kim Moon-soo, who garnered 41.15%.
The new President’s pledges
In addition to traditional economic priorities such as supporting low-income families and small businesses, Lee Jae-myung has placed digital assets at the heart of his political agenda.
The core pillar of Lee’s strategy involves the introduction of spot ETFs for Bitcoin and Ethereum in the domestic market. Currently, the issuance and local trading of crypto ETFs remain banned in the country.
Another key element of the plan is the approval of stablecoins pegged to the South Korean won. During a discussion last month, Lee emphasized the need to develop a won-based stablecoin market to prevent capital flight abroad.
Under the new administration, South Korea will also work to complete the second phase of its regulatory framework for digital assets. The upcoming legislation will specifically address stablecoin regulations and transparency requirements for cryptocurrency exchanges.
The program also includes the creation of special zones for blockchain-related businesses, where regulations will be minimized to maximize innovation and operational efficiency.
However, this isn’t the first time South Korea has elected a crypto-friendly candidate. The conservative president Yoon Suk-yeol, later impeached, had made several crypto-friendly promises aimed at deregulating the sector, though many of those initiatives saw delays and limited progress during his three-year term.
Yoon’s deregulatory plans faced resistance from the Financial Services Commission (FSC), which maintained strict regulations citing investor protection. In recent months, however, the FSC has shown greater openness toward easing crypto rules — a shift that could support Lee’s commitments.
According to FSC data, by the end of last year the country had 9.7 million registered exchange users, representing nearly 20% of the total population.
The post South Korea: the new leader may favor Bitcoin ETFs and a national stablecoin appeared first on Atlas21.
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@ 9ca447d2:fbf5a36d
2025-06-04 18:02:20
Meta Platforms Inc., the parent company of Facebook and Instagram, has voted down a shareholder proposal to add bitcoin to its treasury. The vote took place at the company’s annual shareholder meeting on May 30, 2025.
The proposal, known as Proposal 13, was submitted by investor Ethan Peck on behalf of the National Center for Public Policy Research (NCPPR).
It asked Meta to convert a portion of its $72 billion in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities into bitcoin. The idea was to hedge against inflation and low returns from traditional bond investments.
But the company’s shareholders said no.
According to the official count, more than 4.98 billion shares were voted against the proposal, while 3.92 million shares were for it—less than 0.1% of total votes. 8.86 million shares were abstentions and over 204 million were broker non-votes.
Meta shareholders rejected bitcoin reserve proposal — SEC
So now, Meta joins Microsoft and Amazon in rejecting calls to add bitcoin to their balance sheets.
Related: Microsoft Shareholders Reject Bitcoin Investment Proposal
Proponents of the proposal argued that bitcoin would help protect Meta’s reserves from inflation and weak bond returns. Peck and others pointed to bitcoin’s strong performance in 2024 and growing institutional interest in the scarce digital asset.
The proposal said bitcoin’s fixed supply and track record make it a long-term store of value.
High-profile supporters, including Matt Cole, CEO of Strive Asset Management, brought the issue to the forefront. At the Bitcoin 2025 conference in Las Vegas, Cole addressed Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg directly:
“You have already done step one. You have named your goat Bitcoin,” he said. “My ask is that you take step two and adopt a bold corporate bitcoin treasury strategy.”
Others, like Bloomberg ETF analyst Eric Balchunas, said if Meta added bitcoin to its balance sheet it would be a big deal. “If Meta or Microsoft adds BTC to the balance sheet, it will be like when Tom Hanks got COVID—suddenly, it feels real,” Balchunas said.
Despite all the hype and arguments for Bitcoin, the tech giant’s board of directors opposed the measure. The board said the company already has a treasury management process in place that prioritizes capital preservation and liquidity.
“While we are not opining on the merits of cryptocurrency investments compared to other assets, we believe the requested assessment is unnecessary given our existing processes to manage our corporate treasury,” Meta’s board noted.
The board also noted that it reviews many investment options and sees no need for a separate review process specific to Bitcoin.
Meta’s decision shows the broader hesitation of large-cap companies to get into bitcoin as part of their financial strategy.
While companies like Michael Saylor’s Strategy are adding bitcoin to their treasuries every chance they get, companies like Microsoft, Amazon and now Meta, are taking a more cautious approach.
According to recent reports, Meta is exploring ways to integrate stablecoins into its platforms to enable global payouts.
This would be a re-entry into the digital asset space after the company shelved its Diem project due to regulatory issues—a step that bitcoin advocates deem unnecessary, insufficient, and irrelevant to protecting the company’s finances.
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 18:01:58
Bitcoin Magazine
Norwegian Public Company K33 AB Purchased 10 BTC For Their New Bitcoin Treasury StrategyK33 AB (PUBL), a digital asset brokerage and research firm, announced that it has completed its first Bitcoin acquisition under its new Bitcoin treasury strategy, purchasing 10 BTC for approximately SEK 10 million.
JUST IN:
Publicly traded company K33 buys 10 #Bitcoin for SEK 10 million for its balance sheet. pic.twitter.com/wB8Kt09EZf— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 3, 2025
Today’s purchase is the first transaction of the secured SEK 60 million that K33 announced it will buy for its Bitcoin treasury strategy.
“We expect Bitcoin to be the best-performing asset in the coming years and will build our balance sheet in Bitcoin moving forward,” said the CEO of K33 Torbjorn Bull Jenssen. “This will give K33 direct exposure to the Bitcoin price and help unlock powerful synergies with our brokerage operation. Our ambition is to build a balance of at least 1000 BTC over time and then scale from there.”
During K33’s Q1 2025 Report & Strategic Outlook presentation. Torbjorn Jenssen mentioned that the “US BTC ETF was the most successful ETF launch in history. Acquiring more capital in just one year than gold did in 20.”
Jenssen also said K33 is working with other Bitcoin treasury companies in the Nordics and hopes to use its treasury as a foundation to offer new services, such as Bitcoin backed lending.
“For K33, Bitcoin is not only a high-conviction asset — it’s also a strategic enabler,” he said. “With a sizable BTC reserve, we will be able to strengthen our financial position while unlocking new revenue streams, product capabilities, and partnerships.”
Bitcoin will be the best performing asset in the coming decade and my goal with K33 is to accumulate as many as possible while unlocking powerful operational synergies with our brokerage operation,” posted Jenssen on X.
Bitcoin will be the best performing asset in the coming decade and my goal with K33 is to accumulate as many as possible while unlocking powerful operational synergies with our brokerage operation. https://t.co/Crxu0b5QPz
— Torbjørn (@TorbjrnBullJens) May 28, 2025
Bitcoin treasury holdings are becoming a trend of companies in 2025. Around 217 companies and public entities now hold Bitcoin on their balance sheets.
Last week, during the 2025 Bitcoin Conference in Las Vegas, the CEO of GameStop Ryan Cohen announced that GameStop purchased 4,710 Bitcoin worth approximately $505 million, marking another major corporate entry into Bitcoin treasury holdings.
In an interview with the CEO of Nakamoto David Bailey, the CEO of GameStop Ryan Cohen stated, “If the thesis is correct then Bitcoin and gold as well can be a hedge against global currency devaluation and systemic risk. Bitcoin has certain unique advantages better than gold.”
BREAKING:
GAMESTOP PURCHASED 4,710 #BITCOIN pic.twitter.com/fDH9ctZJVP— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) May 28, 2025
This post Norwegian Public Company K33 AB Purchased 10 BTC For Their New Bitcoin Treasury Strategy first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Oscar Zarraga Perez.
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 17:02:18
Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.
This update brings key enhancements for clarity and usability:
- Recent Blocks View: Added to the Send tab and inspired by Mempool's visualization, it displays the last 2 blocks and the estimated next block to help choose fee rates.
- Camera System Overhaul: Features a new library for higher resolution detection and mouse-scroll zoom support when available.
- Vector-Based Images: All app images are now vectorized and theme-aware, enhancing contrast, especially in dark mode.
- Tor & P2A Updates: Upgraded internal Tor and improved support for pay-to-anchor (P2A) outputs.
- Linux Package Rename: For Linux users, Sparrow has been renamed to sparrowwallet (or sparrowserver); in some cases, the original sparrow package may need manual removal.
- Additional updates include showing total payments in multi-payment transaction diagrams, better handling of long labels, and other UI enhancements.
- Sparrow v2.2.1 is a bug fix release that addresses missing UUID issue when starting Tor on recent macOS versions, icons for external sources in Settings and Recent Blocks view, repackaged
.debinstalls to use older gzip instead of zstd compression, and removed display of median fee rate where fee rates source is set to Server.
Learn how to get started with Sparrow wallet:
Release notes (v2.2.0)
- Added Recent Blocks view to Send tab.
- Converted all bitmapped images to theme aware SVG format for all wallet models and dialogs.
- Support send and display of pay to anchor (P2A) outputs.
- Renamed
sparrowpackage tosparrowwalletandsparrowserveron Linux. - Switched camera library to openpnp-capture.
- Support FHD (1920 x 1080) and UHD4k (3840 x 2160) capture resolutions.
- Support camera zoom with mouse scroll where possible.
- In the Download Verifier, prefer verifying the dropped file over the default file where the file is not in the manifest.
- Show a warning (with an option to disable the check) when importing a wallet with a derivation path matching another script type.
- In Cormorant, avoid calling the
listwalletdirRPC on initialization due to a potentially slow response on Windows. - Avoid server address resolution for public servers.
- Assume server address is non local for resolution failures where a proxy is configured.
- Added a tooltip to indicate truncated labels in table cells.
- Dynamically truncate input and output labels in the tree on a transaction tab, and add tooltips if necessary.
- Improved tooltips for wallet tabs and transaction diagrams with long labels.
- Show the address where available on input and output tooltips in transaction tab tree.
- Show the total amount sent in payments in the transaction diagram when constructing multiple payment transactions.
- Reset preferred table column widths on adjustment to improve handling after window resizing.
- Added accessible text to improve screen reader navigation on seed entry.
- Made Wallet Summary table grow horizontally with dialog sizing.
- Reduced tooltip show delay to 200ms.
- Show transaction diagram fee percentage as less than 0.01% rather than 0.00%.
- Optimized and reduced Electrum server RPC calls.
- Upgraded Bouncy Castle, PGPainless and Logback libraries.
- Upgraded internal Tor to v0.4.8.16.
- Bug fix: Fixed issue with random ordering of keystore origins on labels import.
- Bug fix: Fixed non-zero account script type detection when signing a message on Trezor devices.
- Bug fix: Fixed issue parsing remote Coldcard xpub encoded on a different network.
- Bug fix: Fixed inclusion of fees on wallet label exports.
- Bug fix: Increase Trezor device libusb timeout.
Linux users: Note that the
sparrowpackage has been renamed tosparrowwalletorsparrowserver, and in some cases you may need to manually uninstall the originalsparrowpackage. Look in the/optfolder to ensure you have the new name, and the original is removed.What's new in v2.2.1
- Updated Tor library to fix missing UUID issue when starting Tor on recent macOS versions.
- Repackaged
.debinstalls to use older gzip instead of zstd compression. - Removed display of median fee rate where fee rates source is set to Server.
- Added icons for external sources in Settings and Recent Blocks view
- Bug fix: Fixed issue in Recent Blocks view when switching fee rates source
- Bug fix: Fixed NPE on null fee returned from server
-
@ 8bad92c3:ca714aa5
2025-06-04 17:02:12
Key Takeaways
Michael Goldstein, aka Bitstein, presents a sweeping philosophical and economic case for going “all in” on Bitcoin, arguing that unlike fiat, which distorts capital formation and fuels short-term thinking, Bitcoin fosters low time preference, meaningful saving, and long-term societal flourishing. At the heart of his thesis is “hodling for good”—a triple-layered idea encompassing permanence, purpose, and the pursuit of higher values like truth, beauty, and legacy. Drawing on thinkers like Aristotle, Hoppe, and Josef Pieper, Goldstein redefines leisure as contemplation, a vital practice in aligning capital with one’s deepest ideals. He urges Bitcoiners to think beyond mere wealth accumulation and consider how their sats can fund enduring institutions, art, and architecture that reflect a moral vision of the future.
Best Quotes
“Let BlackRock buy the houses, and you keep the sats.”
“We're not hodling just for the sake of hodling. There is a purpose to it.”
“Fiat money shortens your time horizon… you can never rest.”
“Savings precedes capital accumulation. You can’t build unless you’ve saved.”
“You're increasing the marginal value of everyone else’s Bitcoin.”
“True leisure is contemplation—the pursuit of the highest good.”
“What is Bitcoin for if not to make the conditions for magnificent acts of creation possible?”
“Bitcoin itself will last forever. Your stack might not. What will outlast your coins?”
“Only a whale can be magnificent.”
“The market will sell you all the crack you want. It’s up to you to demand beauty.”
Conclusion
This episode is a call to reimagine Bitcoin as more than a financial revolution—it’s a blueprint for civilizational renewal. Michael Goldstein reframes hodling as an act of moral stewardship, urging Bitcoiners to lower their time preference, build lasting institutions, and pursue truth, beauty, and legacy—not to escape the world, but to rebuild it on sound foundations.
Timestamps
00:00 - Intro
00:50 - Michael’s BBB presentation Hodl for Good
07:27 - Austrian principles on capital
15:40 - Fiat distorts the economic process
23:34 - Bitkey
24:29 - Hodl for Good triple entendre
29:52 - Bitcoin benefits everyone
39:05 - Unchained
40:14 - Leisure theory of value
52:15 - Heightening life
1:15:48 - Breaking from the chase makes room for magnificence
1:32:32 - Nakamoto Institute’s missionTranscript
(00:00) Fiat money is by its nature a disturbance. If money is being continually produced, especially at an uncertain rate, these uh policies are really just redistribution of wealth. Most are looking for number to go up post hyper bitcoinization. The rate of growth of bitcoin would be more reflective of the growth of the economy as a whole.
(00:23) Ultimately, capital requires knowledge because it requires knowing there is something that you can add to the structures of production to lengthen it in some way that will take time but allow you to have more in the future than you would today. Let Black Rockck buy the houses and you keep the sats, not the other way around.
(00:41) You wait until later for Larry Frink to try to sell you a [Music] mansion. And we're live just like that. Just like that. 3:30 on a Friday, Memorial Day weekend. It's a good good good way to end the week and start the holiday weekend. Yes, sir. Yes, sir. Thank you for having me here. Thank you for coming. I wore this hat specifically because I think it's I think it's very apppropo uh to the conversation we're going to have which is I hope an extension of the presentation you gave at Bitblock Boom Huddle for good. You were working on
(01:24) that for many weeks leading up to uh the conference and explaining how you were structuring it. I think it's a very important topic to discuss now as the Bitcoin price is hitting new all-time highs and people are trying to understand what am I doing with Bitcoin? Like you have you have the different sort of factions within Bitcoin.
(01:47) Uh get on a Bitcoin standard, get on zero, spend as much Bitcoin as possible. You have the sailors of the world are saying buy Bitcoin, never sell, die with your Bitcoin. And I think you do a really good job in that presentation. And I just think your understanding overall of Bitcoin is incredible to put everything into context. It's not either or.
(02:07) It really depends on what you want to accomplish. Yeah, it's definitely there there is no actual one-sizefits-all um for I mean nearly anything in this world. So um yeah, I mean first of all I mean there was it was the first conference talk I had given in maybe five years. I think the one prior to that uh was um bit block boom 2019 which was my meme talk which uh has uh become infamous and notorious.
(02:43) So uh there was also a lot of like high expectations uh you know rockstar dev uh has has treated that you know uh that that talk with a lot of reference. a lot of people have enjoyed it and he was expecting this one to be, you know, the greatest one ever, which is a little bit of a little bit of a uh a burden to live up to those kinds of standards.
(03:08) Um, but you know, because I don't give a lot of talks. Um, you know, I I I like to uh try to bring ideas that might even be ideas that are common. So, something like hodling, we all talk about it constantly. uh but try to bring it from a little bit of a different angle and try to give um a little bit of uh new light to it.
(03:31) I alsove I've I've always enjoyed kind of coming at things from a third angle. Um whenever there's, you know, there's there's all these little debates that we have in in Bitcoin and sometimes it's nice to try to uh step out of it and look at it a little more uh kind of objectively and find ways of understanding it that incorporate the truths of of all of them.
(03:58) uh you know cuz I think we should always be kind of as much as possible after ultimate truth. Um so with this one um yeah I was kind of finding that that sort of golden mean. So uh um yeah and I actually I think about that a lot is uh you know Aristotle has his his concept of the golden mean. So it's like any any virtue is sort of between two vices um because you can you can always you can always take something too far.
(04:27) So you're you're always trying to find that right balance. Um so someone who is uh courageous you know uh one of the vices uh on one side is being basically reckless. I I can't remember what word he would use. Uh but effectively being reckless and just wanting to put yourself in danger for no other reason than just you know the thrill of it.
(04:50) Um and then on the other side you would just have cowardice which is like you're unwilling to put yourself um at any risk at any time. Um, and courage is right there in the middle where it's understanding when is the right time uh to put your put yourself, you know, in in the face of danger um and take it on. And so um in some sense this this was kind of me uh in in some ways like I'm obviously a partisan of hodling.
(05:20) Um, I've for, you know, a long time now talked about the, um, why huddling is good, why people do it, why we should expect it. Um, but still trying to find that that sort of golden mean of like yes, huddle, but also what are we hodling for? And it's not we're we're not hodddling just merely for the sake of hodddling.
(05:45) There there is a a purpose to it. And we should think about that. And that would also help us think more about um what are the benefits of of spending, when should we spend, why should we spend, what should we spend on um to actually give light to that sort of side of the debate. Um so that was that was what I was kind of trying to trying to get into.
(06:09) Um, as well as also just uh at the same time despite all the talk of hodling, there's always this perennial uh there's always this perennial dislike of hodlers because we're treated as uh as if um we're just free riding the network or we're just greedy or you know any of these things. And I wanted to show how uh huddling does serve a real economic purpose.
(06:36) Um, and it does benefit the individual, but it also does uh it it has actual real social um benefits as well beyond merely the individual. Um, so I wanted to give that sort of defense of hodling as well to look at it from um a a broader position than just merely I'm trying to get rich. Um uh because even the person who uh that is all they want to do um just like you know your your pure number grow up go up moonboy even that behavior has positive ramifications on on the economy.
(07:14) And while we might look at them and have uh judgments about their particular choices for them as an individual, we shouldn't discount that uh their actions are having positive positive effects for the rest of the economy. Yeah. So, let's dive into that just not even in the context of Bitcoin because I think you did a great job of this in the presentation.
(07:36) just you've done a good job of this consistently throughout the years that I've known you. Just from like a first principles Austrian economics perspective, what is the idea around capital accumulation, low time preference and deployment of that capital like what what like getting getting into like the nitty-gritty and then applying it to Bitcoin? Yeah, it's it's a big question and um in many ways I mean I I even I barely scratched the surface.
(08:05) uh I I can't claim to have read uh all the volumes of Bombber works, you know, capital and interest and and stuff like that. Um but I think there's some some sort of basic concepts that we can look at that we can uh draw a lot out. Um the first uh I guess let's write that. So repeat so like capital time preference. Yeah. Well, I guess getting more broad like why sav -
@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 18:01:34
Bitcoin Magazine
How Strategy (MSTR) Built Their Capital Stack to Accelerate Bitcoin AccumulationMicroStrategy—now operating as Strategy
—has built the most aggressive Bitcoin treasury in the world. But its true innovation isn’t just holding Bitcoin. It’s in how it finances the accumulation of Bitcoin at scale without giving up control or diluting shareholder value.The engine behind this? A meticulously designed capital stack—a multi-tiered structure of debt, preferred stock, and equity that appeals to different types of investors, each with unique risk, yield, and volatility preferences.
This is more than corporate finance—it’s a blueprint for Bitcoin-native capital formation.
What Is a Capital Stack?
A capital stack refers to the layers of capital a company uses to finance its operations and strategic goals. Each layer has its own return profile, risk level, and repayment priority in the event of liquidation.
Strategy’s capital stack is designed to do one thing exceptionally well: convert fiat capital into Bitcoin exposure—efficiently, at scale, and without compromise.
The Stack: Ordered by Priority
Strategy’s capital stack comprises five core instruments:
1. Convertible Notes
2. Strife Preferred Stock ($STRF)
3. Strike Preferred Stock ($STRK)
4. Stride Preferred Stock ($STRD)
5. Common Equity ($MSTR)These layers are ranked from highest to lowest in repayment priority. What makes this structure unique is how each layer balances downside protection, yield, and Bitcoin exposure—offering institutional investors fixed-income alternatives with varying degrees of correlation to Bitcoin.
Strategy’s Capital Stack illustrated by Chris Millas
Convertible Notes: Senior Debt with Optional Upside
Strategy’s capital stack begins with convertible notes—senior unsecured debt that can convert into equity.
- Downside: Low risk, high priority in liquidation
- Upside: Modest unless converted
- Appeal: Institutional debt investors seeking protection with optional Bitcoin-adjacent upside
These notes were Strategy’s earliest fundraising tools, enabling the company to raise billions in low-interest environments to accumulate Bitcoin without issuing equity.
Strife ($STRF): Investment-Grade Yield
Strife is a perpetual preferred stock designed to mimic high-grade fixed income.
- 10% cumulative dividend, paid in cash
- $100 liquidation preference
- No conversion rights or Bitcoin upside
- Compounding penalties on unpaid dividends
- Low volatility, medium risk profile
Strife targets conservative capital—allocators who want predictable income without equity or crypto exposure. It’s senior to other preferreds and common stock, making it a high-quality fixed-income proxy built atop a Bitcoin treasury.
Strike ($STRK): Yield + Bitcoin Optionality
Strike is convertible preferred stock—bridging fixed income and equity upside.
- 8% cumulative dividend
- Convertible into $MSTR at $1,000 strike
- Paid in cash or Class A shares
- Bitcoin exposure via conversion option
- Medium volatility, low risk
Strike appeals to investors who want income with optional participation in Bitcoin upside. In bullish Bitcoin cycles, the conversion option becomes valuable—offering a hybrid between bond-like stability and equity-like potential.
Stride ($STRD): High Yield, High Risk
Stride is the most junior preferred—non-cumulative, perpetual stock issued with high yield and few protections.
- >10% dividend, only if declared
- No compounding, no conversion, no voting rights
- Highest relative risk among preferreds
- Liquidation priority above common equity, but below all others
Stride plays a crucial role. Its issuance improves the credit quality of Strife, adding a subordinate capital buffer beneath it—similar to how mezzanine debt protects senior tranches in structured finance.
Stride attracts yield-hungry investors, enabling Strategy to raise capital without compromising more senior layers.
Common Equity ($MSTR): Pure Bitcoin Beta
At the base is Strategy’s common equity—the most volatile, least protected, but highest potential instrument in the stack.
- Unlimited upside
- No dividend, no priority
- Full exposure to Bitcoin volatility
- Voting rights, long-term ownership
Common equity is for conviction-driven investors. Over the past four years, this layer has attracted capital from funds and individuals aligned with Strategy’s Bitcoin thesis—investors who want maximal upside from a corporate Bitcoin strategy.
The Big Picture: Saylor Is Targeting the Fixed Income Market
This isn’t just a financing mechanism—it’s a direct challenge to the $130 trillion global bond market.
By issuing instruments like $STRF, $STRK, and $STRD, Strategy is offering Bitcoin-adjacent yield vehicles that absorb demand from across the capital spectrum:
- Institutional investors seeking investment-grade yield
- Hedge funds chasing structured upside
- Yield hunters willing to go down the stack for returns
Each instrument behaves like a synthetic bond, yet all are backed by a Bitcoin accumulation engine.
As Director of Bitcoin Strategy at Metaplanet, Dylan LeClair put it: “Saylor is coming for the entire fixed income market.”
Rather than issue traditional bonds, Saylor is constructing a Bitcoin-native capital stack—one that unlocks liquidity without ever selling the underlying asset.
Why It Matters: A Model for Bitcoin Treasury Strategy
Strategy’s capital structure is more than innovation—it’s a financial operating system for any public company that wants to monetize Bitcoin’s rise while maintaining capital discipline.
Key takeaways:
- Every layer matches a specific investor need: From low-risk debt to speculative yield
- Capital flows in, Bitcoin stays put: Preserving treasury position while scaling
- No single instrument dominates: The stack is diversified by design
- Control is retained: Most securities are non-voting, non-convertible
For corporations serious about building a Bitcoin-native balance sheet, this is the playbook to study.
Saylor isn’t just stacking Bitcoin—he’s engineering the financial infrastructure for a monetary paradigm shift.
Disclaimer: This content was written on behalf of Bitcoin For Corporations. This article is intended solely for informational purposes and should not be interpreted as an invitation or solicitation to acquire, purchase, or subscribe for securities.
This post How Strategy (MSTR) Built Their Capital Stack to Accelerate Bitcoin Accumulation first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Nick Ward.
-
@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 15:02:05
Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.
This update brings key enhancements for clarity and usability:
- Recent Blocks View: Added to the Send tab and inspired by Mempool's visualization, it displays the last 2 blocks and the estimated next block to help choose fee rates.
- Camera System Overhaul: Features a new library for higher resolution detection and mouse-scroll zoom support when available.
- Vector-Based Images: All app images are now vectorized and theme-aware, enhancing contrast, especially in dark mode.
- Tor & P2A Updates: Upgraded internal Tor and improved support for pay-to-anchor (P2A) outputs.
- Linux Package Rename: For Linux users, Sparrow has been renamed to sparrowwallet (or sparrowserver); in some cases, the original sparrow package may need manual removal.
- Additional updates include showing total payments in multi-payment transaction diagrams, better handling of long labels, and other UI enhancements.
- Sparrow v2.2.1 is a bug fix release that addresses missing UUID issue when starting Tor on recent macOS versions, icons for external sources in Settings and Recent Blocks view, repackaged
.debinstalls to use older gzip instead of zstd compression, and removed display of median fee rate where fee rates source is set to Server.
Learn how to get started with Sparrow wallet:
Release notes (v2.2.0)
- Added Recent Blocks view to Send tab.
- Converted all bitmapped images to theme aware SVG format for all wallet models and dialogs.
- Support send and display of pay to anchor (P2A) outputs.
- Renamed
sparrowpackage tosparrowwalletandsparrowserveron Linux. - Switched camera library to openpnp-capture.
- Support FHD (1920 x 1080) and UHD4k (3840 x 2160) capture resolutions.
- Support camera zoom with mouse scroll where possible.
- In the Download Verifier, prefer verifying the dropped file over the default file where the file is not in the manifest.
- Show a warning (with an option to disable the check) when importing a wallet with a derivation path matching another script type.
- In Cormorant, avoid calling the
listwalletdirRPC on initialization due to a potentially slow response on Windows. - Avoid server address resolution for public servers.
- Assume server address is non local for resolution failures where a proxy is configured.
- Added a tooltip to indicate truncated labels in table cells.
- Dynamically truncate input and output labels in the tree on a transaction tab, and add tooltips if necessary.
- Improved tooltips for wallet tabs and transaction diagrams with long labels.
- Show the address where available on input and output tooltips in transaction tab tree.
- Show the total amount sent in payments in the transaction diagram when constructing multiple payment transactions.
- Reset preferred table column widths on adjustment to improve handling after window resizing.
- Added accessible text to improve screen reader navigation on seed entry.
- Made Wallet Summary table grow horizontally with dialog sizing.
- Reduced tooltip show delay to 200ms.
- Show transaction diagram fee percentage as less than 0.01% rather than 0.00%.
- Optimized and reduced Electrum server RPC calls.
- Upgraded Bouncy Castle, PGPainless and Logback libraries.
- Upgraded internal Tor to v0.4.8.16.
- Bug fix: Fixed issue with random ordering of keystore origins on labels import.
- Bug fix: Fixed non-zero account script type detection when signing a message on Trezor devices.
- Bug fix: Fixed issue parsing remote Coldcard xpub encoded on a different network.
- Bug fix: Fixed inclusion of fees on wallet label exports.
- Bug fix: Increase Trezor device libusb timeout.
Linux users: Note that the
sparrowpackage has been renamed tosparrowwalletorsparrowserver, and in some cases you may need to manually uninstall the originalsparrowpackage. Look in the/optfolder to ensure you have the new name, and the original is removed.What's new in v2.2.1
- Updated Tor library to fix missing UUID issue when starting Tor on recent macOS versions.
- Repackaged
.debinstalls to use older gzip instead of zstd compression. - Removed display of median fee rate where fee rates source is set to Server.
- Added icons for external sources in Settings and Recent Blocks view
- Bug fix: Fixed issue in Recent Blocks view when switching fee rates source
- Bug fix: Fixed NPE on null fee returned from server
-
@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 18:03:02
What is KYC/AML?
- The acronym stands for Know Your Customer / Anti Money Laundering.
- In practice it stands for the surveillance measures companies are often compelled to take against their customers by financial regulators.
- Methods differ but often include: Passport Scans, Driver License Uploads, Social Security Numbers, Home Address, Phone Number, Face Scans.
- Bitcoin companies will also store all withdrawal and deposit addresses which can then be used to track bitcoin transactions on the bitcoin block chain.
- This data is then stored and shared. Regulations often require companies to hold this information for a set number of years but in practice users should assume this data will be held indefinitely. Data is often stored insecurely, which results in frequent hacks and leaks.
- KYC/AML data collection puts all honest users at risk of theft, extortion, and persecution while being ineffective at stopping crime. Criminals often use counterfeit, bought, or stolen credentials to get around the requirements. Criminals can buy "verified" accounts for as little as $200. Furthermore, billions of people are excluded from financial services as a result of KYC/AML requirements.
During the early days of bitcoin most services did not require this sensitive user data, but as adoption increased so did the surveillance measures. At this point, most large bitcoin companies are collecting and storing massive lists of bitcoiners, our sensitive personal information, and our transaction history.
Lists of Bitcoiners
KYC/AML policies are a direct attack on bitcoiners. Lists of bitcoiners and our transaction history will inevitably be used against us.
Once you are on a list with your bitcoin transaction history that record will always exist. Generally speaking, tracking bitcoin is based on probability analysis of ownership change. Surveillance firms use various heuristics to determine if you are sending bitcoin to yourself or if ownership is actually changing hands. You can obtain better privacy going forward by using collaborative transactions such as coinjoin to break this probability analysis.
Fortunately, you can buy bitcoin without providing intimate personal information. Tools such as peach, hodlhodl, robosats, azteco and bisq help; mining is also a solid option: anyone can plug a miner into power and internet and earn bitcoin by mining privately.
You can also earn bitcoin by providing goods and/or services that can be purchased with bitcoin. Long term, circular economies will mitigate this threat: most people will not buy bitcoin - they will earn bitcoin - most people will not sell bitcoin - they will spend bitcoin.
There is no such thing as KYC or No KYC bitcoin, there are bitcoiners on lists and those that are not on lists.
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
-
@ b1ddb4d7:471244e7
2025-06-04 15:01:25
Starting January 1, 2026, the United Kingdom will impose some of the world’s most stringent reporting requirements on cryptocurrency firms.
All platforms operating in or serving UK customers-domestic and foreign alike-must collect and disclose extensive personal and transactional data for every user, including individuals, companies, trusts, and charities.
This regulatory drive marks the UK’s formal adoption of the OECD’s Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework (CARF), a global initiative designed to bring crypto oversight in line with traditional banking and to curb tax evasion in the rapidly expanding digital asset sector.
What Will Be Reported?
Crypto firms must gather and submit the following for each transaction:
- User’s full legal name, home address, and taxpayer identification number
- Detailed data on every trade or transfer: type of cryptocurrency, amount, and nature of the transaction
- Identifying information for corporate, trust, and charitable clients
The obligation extends to all digital asset activities, including crypto-to-crypto and crypto-to-fiat trades, and applies to both UK residents and non-residents using UK-based platforms. The first annual reports covering 2026 activity are due by May 31, 2027.
Enforcement and Penalties
Non-compliance will carry stiff financial penalties, with fines of up to £300 per user account for inaccurate or missing data-a potentially enormous liability for large exchanges. The UK government has urged crypto firms to begin collecting this information immediately to ensure operational readiness.
Regulatory Context and Market Impact
This move is part of a broader UK strategy to position itself as a global fintech hub while clamping down on fraud and illicit finance. UK Chancellor Rachel Reeves has championed these measures, stating, “Britain is open for business – but closed to fraud, abuse, and instability”. The regulatory expansion comes amid a surge in crypto adoption: the UK’s Financial Conduct Authority reported that 12% of UK adults owned crypto in 2024, up from just 4% in 2021.
Enormous Risks for Consumers: Lessons from the Coinbase Data Breach
While the new framework aims to enhance transparency and protect consumers, it also dramatically increases the volume of sensitive personal data held by crypto firms-raising the stakes for cybersecurity.
The risks are underscored by the recent high-profile breach at Coinbase, one of the world’s largest exchanges.
In May 2025, Coinbase disclosed that cybercriminals, aided by bribed offshore contractors, accessed and exfiltrated customer data including names, addresses, government IDs, and partial bank details.
The attackers then used this information for sophisticated phishing campaigns, successfully deceiving some customers into surrendering account credentials and funds.
“While private encryption keys remained secure, sufficient customer information was exposed to enable sophisticated phishing attacks by criminals posing as Coinbase personnel.”
Coinbase now faces up to $400 million in compensation costs and has pledged to reimburse affected users, but the incident highlights the systemic vulnerability created when large troves of personal data are centralized-even if passwords and private keys are not directly compromised. The breach also triggered a notable drop in Coinbase’s share price and prompted a $20 million bounty for information leading to the attackers’ capture.
The Bottom Line
The UK’s forthcoming crypto reporting regime represents a landmark in financial regulation, promising greater transparency and tax compliance. However, as the Coinbase episode demonstrates, the aggregation of sensitive user data at scale poses a significant cybersecurity risk.
As regulators push for more oversight, the challenge will be ensuring that consumer protection does not become a double-edged sword-exposing users to new threats even as it seeks to shield them from old ones.
-
@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 14:01:52
What is KYC/AML?
- The acronym stands for Know Your Customer / Anti Money Laundering.
- In practice it stands for the surveillance measures companies are often compelled to take against their customers by financial regulators.
- Methods differ but often include: Passport Scans, Driver License Uploads, Social Security Numbers, Home Address, Phone Number, Face Scans.
- Bitcoin companies will also store all withdrawal and deposit addresses which can then be used to track bitcoin transactions on the bitcoin block chain.
- This data is then stored and shared. Regulations often require companies to hold this information for a set number of years but in practice users should assume this data will be held indefinitely. Data is often stored insecurely, which results in frequent hacks and leaks.
- KYC/AML data collection puts all honest users at risk of theft, extortion, and persecution while being ineffective at stopping crime. Criminals often use counterfeit, bought, or stolen credentials to get around the requirements. Criminals can buy "verified" accounts for as little as $200. Furthermore, billions of people are excluded from financial services as a result of KYC/AML requirements.
During the early days of bitcoin most services did not require this sensitive user data, but as adoption increased so did the surveillance measures. At this point, most large bitcoin companies are collecting and storing massive lists of bitcoiners, our sensitive personal information, and our transaction history.
Lists of Bitcoiners
KYC/AML policies are a direct attack on bitcoiners. Lists of bitcoiners and our transaction history will inevitably be used against us.
Once you are on a list with your bitcoin transaction history that record will always exist. Generally speaking, tracking bitcoin is based on probability analysis of ownership change. Surveillance firms use various heuristics to determine if you are sending bitcoin to yourself or if ownership is actually changing hands. You can obtain better privacy going forward by using collaborative transactions such as coinjoin to break this probability analysis.
Fortunately, you can buy bitcoin without providing intimate personal information. Tools such as peach, hodlhodl, robosats, azteco and bisq help; mining is also a solid option: anyone can plug a miner into power and internet and earn bitcoin by mining privately.
You can also earn bitcoin by providing goods and/or services that can be purchased with bitcoin. Long term, circular economies will mitigate this threat: most people will not buy bitcoin - they will earn bitcoin - most people will not sell bitcoin - they will spend bitcoin.
There is no such thing as KYC or No KYC bitcoin, there are bitcoiners on lists and those that are not on lists.
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
-
@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 14:01:50
"Privacy is necessary for an open society in the electronic age. Privacy is not secrecy. A private matter is something one doesn't want the whole world to know, but a secret matter is something one doesn't want anybody to know. Privacy is the power to selectively reveal oneself to the world." - Eric Hughes, A Cypherpunk's Manifesto, 1993
Privacy is essential to freedom. Without privacy, individuals are unable to make choices free from surveillance and control. Lack of privacy leads to loss of autonomy. When individuals are constantly monitored it limits our ability to express ourselves and take risks. Any decisions we make can result in negative repercussions from those who surveil us. Without the freedom to make choices, individuals cannot truly be free.
Freedom is essential to acquiring and preserving wealth. When individuals are not free to make choices, restrictions and limitations prevent us from economic opportunities. If we are somehow able to acquire wealth in such an environment, lack of freedom can result in direct asset seizure by governments or other malicious entities. At scale, when freedom is compromised, it leads to widespread economic stagnation and poverty. Protecting freedom is essential to economic prosperity.
The connection between privacy, freedom, and wealth is critical. Without privacy, individuals lose the freedom to make choices free from surveillance and control. While lack of freedom prevents individuals from pursuing economic opportunities and makes wealth preservation nearly impossible. No Privacy? No Freedom. No Freedom? No Wealth.
Rights are not granted. They are taken and defended. Rights are often misunderstood as permission to do something by those holding power. However, if someone can give you something, they can inherently take it from you at will. People throughout history have necessarily fought for basic rights, including privacy and freedom. These rights were not given by those in power, but rather demanded and won through struggle. Even after these rights are won, they must be continually defended to ensure that they are not taken away. Rights are not granted - they are earned through struggle and defended through sacrifice.
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
-
@ a5ee4475:2ca75401
2025-06-04 14:31:23
[EM ATUALIZAÇÃO]
vacina #saude #politica #manipulacao #mundial #genocidio #pandemia #conspiracao
Este artigo reúne algumas evidências mais antigas que vim registrando durante alguns anos contra a covid, vacinas obrigatórias e a ação de agências de governo, fundações, políticos, mídia tradicional, celebridades, influenciadores, cientistas, redes sociais e laboratórios, em envolvimento com genocídio e restrições de liberdades em escala mundial causado por decisões em várias esferas relativas ao covid e as vacinas obrigatórias em geral.
Porém, alguns links podem não estar mais disponiveis, foram que ainda faltam ser registradas muitas informações já divulgadas nos últimos anos e que não tivemos contato pela escassez de meios para a obtenção dessas informações de forma organizada. Portanto, o presente artigo ainda passará por atualizações de conteúdo e formatação, então se possível ajudem sugerindo com complementos ou alterações.
Explicações iniciais:
- Sars-Cov-2 é que é nome do vírus. Ele que causa a doença Covid-19;
- O Sars-Cov-2 é o segundo tipo de Sars-Cov documentado, o primeiro ocorreu em 2003;
- 'Coronavírus' na verdade é um nome genérico para vários vírus de gripes já comuns, dado para o tipo corona (com uma "coroa", 'espetos' ao redor dele), o Sars-Cov-2 é só uma delas.
1. Vacinas Obrigatórias em Geral
-
Vacinas e autismo em crianças https://publichealthpolicyjournal.com/vaccination-and-neurodevelopmental-disorders-a-study-of-nine-year-old-children-enrolled-in-medicaid/
-
O CDC admite que 98 milhões de pessoas receberam o vírus do câncer através da vacina da Poliomielite https://medicinanews.com.br/frente/frente_1/o-cdc-admite-que-98-milhoes-de-pessoas-receberam-o-virus-do-cancer-atraves-da-vacina-poliomielite/
- Fonte original da imagem: https://preventdisease.com/images13/CDC_Polio.png [indisponível]
- Imagem arquivada em: https://web.archive.org/web/20201203231640/"O CDC (Os Centros de Controle e Prevenção de Doenças dos Estados Unidos) removeu rapidamente uma página do seu site, que estava em cache no Google, como você pode ver logo abaixo, admitindo que mais de 98 milhões de americanos receberam uma ou mais doses de vacina contra pólio dentro de 8 período entre 1955 e 1963, quando uma proporção da vacina foi contaminada com um poliomavírus causador de câncer chamado SV40."
27/02/2021 - Por que o Japão demorou para vacinar, mesmo com Olimpíada se aproximando https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/internacional/2021/02/27/por-que-o-japao-demorou-para-vacinar-mesmo-com-olimpiada-se-aproximando
"Desconfiança da população japonesa em relação a vacinas, ligada a casos ocorridos no passado, está entre razões que atrasaram imunização no país.
A resistência à vacina do Japão remonta à década de 1970, quando duas crianças morreram dentro de 24 horas após receberem a vacina combinada contra difteria, tétano e coqueluche (coqueluche). A vacina foi temporariamente suspensa, mas a confiança já havia sido abalada. Por vários anos, as taxas de vacinação infantil caíram, levando a um aumento nos casos de tosse convulsa.
No final dos anos 1980, houve outro susto com a introdução da vacina tripla contra sarampo, caxumba e rubéola produzida no Japão. As primeiras versões do imunizante foram associadas à meningite asséptica, ou inchaço das membranas ao redor do cérebro e da medula espinhal. O problema foi rastreado até o componente caxumba da vacina tripla, o que levou a uma ação judicial e a indenização por danos pesados.
O Instituto Nacional de Ciências da Saúde interrompeu a dose combinada em 1993 e a substituiu por vacinas individuais. Após o escândalo, Shibuya disse que o governo japonês se tornou "ciente dos riscos" e seu programa nacional de vacinação tornou-se voluntário.
O Dr. Yuho Horikoshi, especialista em doenças infecciosas, diz que os processos levaram a uma "lacuna de vacinação", em que nenhuma vacina foi aprovada no Japão por cerca de 15 anos.
Mais recentemente, em 2013, o Japão adicionou a vacina contra o papilomavírus humano (HPV) ao calendário nacional para proteger as meninas contra o vírus sexualmente transmissível, que é conhecido por causar câncer cervical. No entanto, vídeos de meninas supostamente sofrendo de reações adversas começaram a circular no YouTube, levando o governo a retirá-los da programação nacional."
2. PRIMEIRAS OCORRÊNCIAS PREDITIVAS AO COVID-19
2010 - Fundação Rockfeller, Lockstep. https://www.rockefellerfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/Annual-Report-2010-1.pdf
Neste PDF da fundação Rockfeller, em seu próprio site, a fundação deixou claro o seu envolvimento em casos de ‘contenção’ de pandemias juntamente com a USAID (agência americana com nome ambíguo, como formalmente ‘United States Agency for International Development’, mas soando como ‘US Socorre’, mas sendo um braço do governo democrata que financiava interferências políticas diretas em vários países, como no Brasil: https://www.gazetadopovo.com.br/vida-e-cidadania/quais-ongs-cooperaram-com-moraes-e-sao-alvo-do-congresso-nos-eua/ ), inclusive em relacionadas ao SARS, um vírus muito semelhante ao SEGUNDO tipo de vírus Sars-Cov, o Sars-Cov-2 (o vírus propagado em 2019) e que causa o COVID-19.
Segundo eles:
“Integração entre Regiões e Países
A Fundação Rockefeler investiu US$ 22 milhões em sua Iniciativa de Redes de Vigilância de Doenças para ajudar a conter a disseminação de doenças infecciosas e pandemias, fortalecendo os sistemas nacionais, regionais e globais de vigilância e resposta a doenças. Dois programas-chave da Rockefeler — a Rede de Vigilância de Doenças da Bacia do Mekong e a Rede Integrada de Vigilância de Doenças da África Oriental — conectaram e capacitaram profissionais de saúde, epidemiologistas e autoridades de saúde pública em toda a região, levando a um aumento de seis vezes nos locais de vigilância de doenças transfronteiriças somente nos últimos três anos. Em 2010, a Rockefeler expandiu a bem-sucedida campanha transdisciplinar One Health, que a USAID e o Banco Asiático de Desenvolvimento adotaram como modelos. One Health refere-se à integração da ciência médica e veterinária para combater essas novas variedades de doenças zoonóticas que se movem e sofrem mutações rapidamente de animais para humanos. Essas colaborações criaram e fortaleceram uma rede regional crítica de saúde pública, enquanto as lições aprendidas foram exportadas entre disciplinas e países. Além de fortalecer os laços globais em saúde pública, a Rockefeler ajudou a elevar o nível de especialização e treinamento em campo. O Programa de Treinamento em Epidemiologia de Campo coloca graduados nos mais altos escalões do governo no Laos e no Vietnã, enquanto as bolsas da Rockefeler transformaram as ferramentas disponíveis para os médicos, permitindo-lhes utilizar o poder da internet para se comunicar e monitorar eventos, compreender contextos locais e analisar novos problemas. Finalmente, estamos aplicando ferramentas do século XXI para combater os desafios de saúde do século XXI.”
Julho de 2012 - Revista Mundo Estranho
Houve uma "coincidência", a revista Mundo Estranho em julho de 2012, entrevistou o até então doutorando em virologia, Átila Iamarino (o mesmo cientista que fez diversas propagandas das vacinas no Brasil), para descrever um possível cenário de propagação de uma epidemia viral, a revista descreve com grande precisão os eventos de 2020, mas apontando o oposto da China, em que, na realidade, sua economia cresceu vertiginosamente.
3. PRIMEIROS INDÍCIOS
10/2019 - Evento 201 - Durante os Jogos Militares Internacionais na China https://www.centerforhealthsecurity.org/event201/
Promovido por: - Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation - John Hopkins Institute - Fórum econômico mundial
"O evento simula a liberação de um coronavírus novo do tipo zoonótico transmitido por morcegos para porcos e por fim para humanos. Eventualmente ele se torna muito transmissível entre humanos levando a uma pandemia severa. O vírus é muito parecido com o vírus da SARS, mas se transmite muito mais facilmente entre pessoas devido a sintomas muito mais leves destas."
Também mencionado por: [Jornal Estadão] ( http://patrocinados.estadao.com.br/medialab/releaseonline/releasegeral-releasegeral/geral-johns-hopkins-center-for-health-security-forum-economico-mundial-e-fundacao-bill-melinda-gates-realizam-exercicio-pandemico-e-transmissao-ao-vivo/)
Sobre o "Movimento antivacina"
05/12/2017 - Movimento antivacina: como surgiu e quais consequências ele pode trazer? https://www.uol.com.br/universa/noticias/redacao/2017/12/05/o-que-o-movimento-antivacina-pode-causar.htm?cmpid=copiaecola
23/03/2019 - "Instagram bloqueia hashtags e conteúdo antivacinação" https://canaltech.com.br/redes-sociais/instagram-bloqueia-hashtags-e-conteudo-antivacinacao-135411/
23/05/2021 - Novos dados sobre pesquisadores de Wuhan aumentam debate sobre origens da Covid https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/saude/novos-dados-sobre-pesquisadores-de-wuhan-aumentam-debate-sobre-origens-da-covid/
"A China relatou à Organização Mundial da Saúde que o primeiro paciente com sintomas semelhantes aos de Covid-19 foi registrado em Wuhan em 8 de dezembro de 2019"
01/02/2020 - O que aconteceu desde que o novo coronavírus foi descoberto na China https://exame.com/ciencia/o-que-aconteceu-desde-que-o-novo-coronavirus-foi-descoberto-na-china/
"O primeiro alerta foi recebido pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) em 31 de dezembro de 2019"
15/09/2020 - YouTube diz que vai remover vídeos com mentiras sobre vacina contra COVID-19 https://gizmodo.uol.com.br/youtube-remover-videos-mentiras-vacina-covid-19/
"O YouTube anunciou na quarta-feira (14) que estenderá as regras atuais sobre mentiras, propaganda e teorias da conspiração sobre a pandemia do coronavírus para incluir desinformação sobre as vacinas contra a doença.
De acordo com a Reuters, a gigante do vídeo diz que agora vai proibir conteúdos sobre vacinas contra o coronavírus que contradizem “o consenso de especialistas das autoridades de saúde locais ou da OMS”, como afirmações falsas de que a vacina é um pretexto para colocar chips de rastreamento nas pessoas ou que irá matar ou esterilizar quem tomar."
*07/01/2021 - YouTube vai punir canais que promovem mentiras sobre eleições – incluindo os de Trump https://olhardigital.com.br/2021/01/07/noticias/youtube-vai-punir-canais-que-promovem-mentiras-sobre-eleicoes-incluindo-os-de-trump/
"O YouTube anunciou que vai punir canais que promovem mentiras sobre as eleições, removendo sumariamente qualquer vídeo que contenha desinformação e, ao mesmo tempo, advertindo com um “strike” o canal que o veicular. A medida já está valendo e a primeira “vítima” é ninguém menos que o ex-presidente americano, Donald Trump.
A medida não é exatamente nova, mas foi novamente comunicada e reforçada pelo YouTube na quarta-feira (6), após os eventos de invasão do Capitólio, em Washington, onde o presidente eleito Joe Biden participava da cerimônia que confirmava a sua vitória nas eleições de novembro de 2020. A ocasião ficou marcada pela tentativa de invasão de correligionários de Trump, que entraram no edifício em oposição à nomeação do novo presidente. Uma mulher acabou sendo morta pela polícia que protegia o local.
O ex-presidente Donald Trump teve vídeos banidos de seu canal no YouTube após os eventos de ontem (6) no capitólio."
4. FIGURAS CENTRAIS
Bill Gates
- Bill Gates diz 'não' a abrir patentes de vacinas https://www.frontliner.com.br/bill-gates-diz-nao-a-abrir-patentes-de-vacinas/
"Bill Gates, um dos homens mais ricos do mundo, cuja fundação tem participação na farmacêutica alemã CureVac, produtora de vacina mRNA para prevenção de covid-19, disse não acreditar que a propriedade intelectual tenha algo a ver com o longo esforço global para controlar a pandemia."
João Doria e São Paulo
26/07/2017 - João Dória vai a China conhecer drones para ampliar segurança eletrônica na capital paulista https://jc.ne10.uol.com.br/blogs/jamildo/2017/07/26/joao-doria-vai-china-conhecer-drones-para-ampliar-seguranca-eletronica-na-capital-paulista/
02/08/2019 - Governo de SP fará Missão China para ampliar cooperação e atrair investimentos https://www.saopaulo.sp.gov.br/spnoticias/governo-de-sao-paulo-detalha-objetivos-da-missao-china/
20/11/2019 - Doria se encontra com chineses das gigantes CREC e CRCC e oferece concessões de rodovia, metrô e ferrovia https://diariodotransporte.com.br/2019/11/20/doria-se-encontra-com-chineses-das-gigantes-crec-e-crcc-e-oferece-concessoes-de-rodovia-metro-e-ferrovia/
25/01/2020 - "Chineses serão agressivos" nas privatizações em SP até 2022, afirma Dória https://noticias.uol.com.br/colunas/jamil-chade/2020/01/25/entrevista-joao-doria-privatizacoes-sao-paulo-china.htm
O governador de São Paulo, João Doria, afirma que vai acelerar os programas de desestatização no estado em 2020 e acredita que concessões e vendas poderão permitir uma arrecadação de pelo menos R$ 40 bilhões. Nesse processo, o governador avalia que a China deve atuar de forma agressiva e que aprofundará sua posição de maior parceira comercial do estado, se distanciando de americanos e argentinos.
29/06/2020 - Doria estabelece multa para quem estiver sem máscara na rua em SP https://veja.abril.com.br/saude/doria-estabelece-multa-para-quem-estiver-sem-mascara-na-rua/
24/12/2020 - Doria é flagrado sem máscara e fazendo compras em Miami https://pleno.news/brasil/politica-nacional/doria-e-flagrado-sem-mascara-e-fazendo-compras-em-miami.html
"Foto do governador de São Paulo sem o item de proteção viralizou nas redes"
07/06/2021 - Doria é criticado na internet por tomar sol sem máscara em hotel no Rio https://vejasp.abril.com.br/cidades/doria-e-criticado-na-internet-por-tomar-sol-sem-mascara-em-hotel-no-rio/
30/09/2020 - Governo de SP assina contrato com Sinovac e prevê vacina para dezembro https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/saude/noticia/2020-09/governo-de-sp-assina-contrato-com-sinovac-e-preve-vacina-para-dezembro
O governador de São Paulo, João Doria, e o vice-presidente da laboratório chinês Sinovac, Weining Meng, assinaram hoje (30), um contrato que prevê o fornecimento de 46 milhões de doses da vacina CoronaVac para o governo paulista até dezembro deste ano.
O contrato também prevê a transferência tecnológica da vacina da Sinovac para o Instituto Butantan, o que significa que, o instituto brasileiro poderá começar a fabricar doses dessa vacina contra o novo coronavírus. O valor do contrato, segundo o governador João Doria é de US$ 90 milhões.
20/10/2020 - Coronavac terá mais de 90% de eficácia, afirmam integrantes do governo paulista https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/saude/2020/12/20/coronavac-tera-mais-de-90-de-eficacia-afirmam-integrantes-do-governo
24/10/2020 - Não esperamos 90% de eficácia da Coronavac’, diz secretário de saúde de SP https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/saude/2020/12/24/nao-esperamos-90-de-eficacia-da-coronavac-diz-secretario-de-saude-de-sp
07/01/2021 - Vacina do Butantan: eficácia é de 78% em casos leves e 100% em graves https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/saude/2021/01/07/vacina-do-butantan-eficacia-e-de-78-em-casos-leves-e-100-em-graves
09/01/2021 - Não é hora de sermos tão cientistas como estamos sendo agora https://g1.globo.com/sp/sao-paulo/video/nao-e-hora-de-sermos-tao-cientistas-como-estamos-sendo-agora-diz-secretario-de-saude-de-sp-9166405.ghtml
10/01/2021 - Dados da Coronavac relatados à Anvisa não estão claros, diz médico https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/saude/2021/01/10/dados-da-coronavac-relatados-a-anvisa-nao-estao-claros-diz-medico
"O diretor do Laboratório de Imunologia do Incor, Jorge Kalil, reforçou que faltaram informações sobre a Coronavac nos dados divulgados à Anvisa"
12/01/2021 - New Brazil data shows disappointing 50,4% efficacy for China’s Coronavac vaccine [Novos dados do Brasil mostram eficácia decepcionante de 50,4% para a vacina CoronaVac da China] https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-brazil-coronavirus/new-brazil-data-shows-disappointing-504-efficacy-for-chinas-coronavac-vaccine-idUSKBN29H2CE
13/01/2021 - Eficácia da Coronavac: 50,38%, 78% ou 100%? https://blogs.oglobo.globo.com/lauro-jardim/post/5038-78-ou-100.html
“De acordo com interlocutores que participaram tanto do anúncio de ontem como da semana passada, quem pressionou para que os dados de 78% e 100% fossem liberados foi João Dória.”
07/05/2021 - Covid-19: Doria toma primeira dose da vacina CoronaVac https://veja.abril.com.br/saude/covid-19-doria-toma-primeira-dose-da-vacina-coronavac/
04/06/2021 - Doria é vacinado com a segunda dose da CoronaVac em São Paulo https://noticias.uol.com.br/politica/ultimas-noticias/2021/06/04/doria-e-vacinado-com-a-segunda-dose-da-coronavac-em-sao-paulo.htm
15/07/2021 - Doria testa positivo para a Covid-19 pela 2ª vez https://www.correiobraziliense.com.br/politica/2021/07/4937833-doria-testa-positivo-para-covid-19-pela-segunda-vez.html
"Governador de São Paulo já havia sido diagnosticado com a doença no ano passado. Ele diz que, apesar da infecção, se sente bem, o que atribui ao fato de ter sido vacinado com duas doses da Coronavac"
06/08/2021 - CPI recebe investigação contra Doria por compra de máscara sem licitação https://www.conexaopoder.com.br/nacional/cpi-recebe-investigacao-contra-doria-por-compra-de-mascara-sem-licitacao/150827
"Empresa teria usado o nome de Alexandre Frota para vender máscaras ao governo de SP. Doria nega informação"
Renan Filho
(filho do Renan Calheiros)
25/07/2019 - Governador Renan Filho vai à China em busca de investimentos para o estado https://www.tnh1.com.br/videos/vid/governador-renan-filho-vai-a-china-em-busca-de-investimentos-para-o-estado/
20/03/2020 - Governadores do NE consultam China e pedem material para tratar covid-19 https://noticias.uol.com.br/saude/ultimas-noticias/redacao/2020/03/20/governadores-do-ne-consultam-china-e-pedem-material-para-tratar-covid-19.htm
5. Narrativas, restrições e proibições
17/12/2020 - STF decide que vacina contra a covid pode ser obrigatória, mas não forçada https://noticias.uol.com.br/saude/ultimas-noticias/redacao/2020/12/17/stf-julga-vacinacao-obrigatoria.htm?cmpid=copiaecola
"O STF (Supremo Tribunal Federal) decidiu, em julgamento hoje, que o Estado pode determinar a obrigatoriedade da vacinação contra a covid-19. Porém fica proibido o uso da força para exigir a vacinação, ainda que possam ser aplicadas restrições a direitos de quem recusar a imunização.
Dez ministros foram favoráveis a obrigatoriedade da vacinação, que poderá ser determinada pelo governo federal, estados ou municípios. As penalidades a quem não cumprir a obrigação deverão ser definidas em lei."
27/07/2021 - Saiba que países estão adotando 'passaporte da vacina' para suspender restrições https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/internacional/2021/07/27/saiba-que-paises-estao-adotando-passaporte-da-vacina-para-suspender-restricoes
" - Israel - Uniao Europeia - Áustria - Dinamarca - Eslovênia - França - Grécia - Irlanda - Itália - Letônia - Lituânia - Luxemburgo - Holanda - Portugal - Japão - Coreia do sul"
18/06/2021 - O que é o passaporte da vacina que Bolsonaro quer vetar? https://noticias.uol.com.br/politica/ultimas-noticias/2021/06/18/uol-explica-o-que-e-o-passaporte-da-vacina-que-opoe-bolsonaro-e-damares.htm
"O Brasil poderá ter um certificado de imunização futuramente. Aprovado no Senado na semana passada, o "passaporte da vacina", como é chamado, prevê identificar pessoas vacinadas para que entrem em locais públicos ou privados com possíveis restrições."
6. Vacinas
Alegações iniciais
- CoronaVac, Oxford e Pfizer: veja diferenças entre as vacinas contra covid noticias.uol.com.br/saude/ultimas-noticias/redacao/2021/05/11/diferencas-vacinas-covid-brasil.htm
" - CoronaVac (Butantan/Sinovac - Chinesa) Com virus inativo 50,38% de eficácia 2 doses
-
Covishield - 'AstraZeneca' (Fiocruz/Astrazenica/Oxford - Britânica) Com virus não replicante 67% de eficácia 2 doses
-
ComiRNAty - 'Pfizer' (Pfizer - Americana / BioNTech - Alemã) Com RNA mensageiro 96% de eficácia 2 doses"
Riscos diretos
15/06/2021 - Trombose após vacinação com AstraZeneca: Quais os sintomas e como se deve atuar? https://www.istoedinheiro.com.br/trombose-apos-vacinacao-com-astrazeneca-quais-os-sintomas-e-como-se-deve-atuar/
"Agências europeias estão reticentes com a vacina da AstraZeneca. Ela chegou a ser desaconselhada a pessoas com idade inferior a 60 anos, e um alto funcionário da Agência Europeia de Medicamentos declarou que era melhor deixar de administrar a vacina deste laboratório em qualquer idade quando há alternativas disponíveis, devido aos relatos de trombose após a primeira dose, apesar de raros."
11/05/2021 - CoronaVac, Oxford e Pfizer: veja diferenças entre as vacinas contra covid https://noticias.uol.com.br/saude/ultimas-noticias/redacao/2021/05/11/diferencas-vacinas-covid-brasil.htm
"Na terça-feira (12), o Ministério da Saúde determinou a suspensão da aplicação da vacina de Oxford/AstraZeneca para gestantes e puérperas com comorbidades. A decisão segue recomendação da Anvisa, que apura a morte de uma grávida de 35 anos que tomou o imunizante e teve um AVC (acidente vascular cerebral)."
30/07/2021 - Pfizer representa o mesmo risco de trombose que a Astrazeneca, aponta levantamento https://panoramafarmaceutico.com.br/pfizer-representa-o-mesmo-risco-de-trombose-que-a-astrazeneca-aponta-levantamento/
7. CRIMES
Crimes da Pfizer
18/11/2020 Não listado no google - Os Crimes documentados da produtora de vacinas de Covid - Pfizer [INGLÊS] https://www.dmlawfirm.com/crimes-of-covid-vaccine-maker-pfizer-well-documented/
"A velocidade com que a vacina Covid da Pfizer foi produzida, a ausência de estudos em animais, testes de controle randomizados e outros testes e procedimentos padrão usuais para um novo medicamento são, no mínimo, preocupantes. Além disso, todos os fabricantes de vacinas Covid receberam imunidade legal para quaisquer ferimentos ou mortes que possam causar. Se essas vacinas são tão seguras quanto promovidas, por que seus fabricantes precisam de imunidade geral?"
"A Pfizer, uma empresa farmacêutica que parece ter ganhado na loteria para produzir a primeira vacina Covid-19, está atualmente lutando contra centenas de ações judiciais sobre o Zantac, um popular medicamento contra azia. Os processos da Zantac afirmam que a droga popular pode estar contaminada com uma substância cancerígena chamada N-nitrosodimetilamina (NDMA). Os processos Zantac são em aberto e em andamento, já que a farmacêutica está lutando contra eles; mas a Pfizer, sabemos, cometeu vários crimes ou transgressões pelos quais foi punida nos últimos anos. As falhas da empresa estão bem documentadas e vale a pena revisá-las neste momento crítico da história da humanidade, enquanto todos nós buscamos respostas."
A Pfizer recebeu a maior multa da história dos Estados Unidos como parte de um acordo judicial de US $ 2,3 bilhões com promotores federais por promover medicamentos erroneamente (Bextra, Celebrex) e pagar propinas a médicos complacentes. A Pfizer se confessou culpada de falsificar a marca do analgésico Bextra, promovendo o medicamento para usos para os quais não foi aprovado.
Na década de 1990, a Pfizer estava envolvida em válvulas cardíacas defeituosas que causaram a morte de mais de 100 pessoas. A Pfizer enganou deliberadamente os reguladores sobre os perigos. A empresa concordou em pagar US $ 10,75 milhões para acertar as acusações do departamento de justiça por enganar reguladores.
A Pfizer pagou mais de US $ 60 milhões para resolver um processo sobre o Rezulin, um medicamento para diabetes que causou a morte de pacientes de insuficiência hepática aguda.
No Reino Unido, a Pfizer foi multada em quase € 90 milhões por sobrecarregar o NHS, o Serviço Nacional de Saúde. A Pfizer cobrou do contribuinte um adicional de € 48 milhões por ano, pelo que deveria custar € 2 milhões por ano.
A Pfizer concordou em pagar US $ 430 milhões em 2004 para resolver acusações criminais de que havia subornado médicos para prescrever seu medicamento para epilepsia Neurontin para indicações para as quais não foi aprovado. Em 2011, um júri concluiu que a Pfizer cometeu fraude em sua comercialização do medicamento Neurontin. A Pfizer concordou em pagar $ 142,1 milhões para liquidar as despesas.
A Pfizer revelou que pagou quase 4.500 médicos e outros profissionais médicos cerca de US $ 20 milhões por falar em nome da Pfizer.
Em 2012, a Comissão de Valores Mobiliários dos Estados Unidos - anunciou que havia chegado a um acordo de US $ 45 milhões com a Pfizer para resolver acusações de que suas subsidiárias haviam subornado médicos e outros profissionais de saúde no exterior para aumentar as vendas no exterior.
A Pfizer foi processada em um tribunal federal dos Estados Unidos por usar crianças nigerianas como cobaias humanas, sem o consentimento dos pais das crianças. A Pfizer pagou US $ 75 milhões para entrar em acordo no tribunal nigeriano pelo uso de um antibiótico experimental, o Trovan, nas crianças. A empresa pagou um valor adicional não divulgado nos Estados Unidos para liquidar as despesas aqui. A Pfizer violou o direito internacional, incluindo a Convenção de Nuremberg estabelecida após a Segunda Guerra Mundial, devido aos experimentos nazistas em prisioneiros relutantes.
Em meio a críticas generalizadas de roubar os países pobres em busca de drogas, a Pfizer prometeu dar US $ 50 milhões para um medicamento para a AIDS para a África do Sul. Mais tarde, no entanto, a Pfizer falhou em honrar essa promessa.
- Pfizer contract leaked!
[Contrato da Pfizer vazado]
http://sanjeev.sabhlokcity.com/Misc/LEXO-KONTRATEN-E-PLOTE.pdf
Segundo o contrato "o produto não deve ser serializado":
"5.5 Reconhecimento do comprador.
O Comprador reconhece que a Vacina e os materiais relacionados à Vacina, e seus componentes e materiais constituintes estão sendo desenvolvidos rapidamente devido às circunstâncias de emergência da pandemia de COVID-19 e continuarão a ser estudados após o fornecimento da Vacina ao Comprador nos termos deste Contrato. O Comprador reconhece ainda que os efeitos de longo prazo e eficácia da Vacina não são atualmente conhecidos e que pode haver efeitos adversos da Vacina que não são atualmente conhecidos. Além disso, na medida do aplicável, o Comprador reconhece que o Produto não deve ser serializado."
Crimes da AstraZeneca
21/06/2003 - AstraZeneca se declara culpada no esquema de médico de câncer https://www.nytimes.com/2003/06/21/business/astrazeneca-pleads-guilty-in-cancer-medicine-scheme.html
"A AstraZeneca, a grande empresa farmacêutica, se declarou culpada hoje de uma acusação de crime de fraude no sistema de saúde e concordou em pagar $ 355 milhões para resolver as acusações criminais e civis de que se envolveu em um esquema nacional para comercializar ilegalmente um medicamento contra o câncer de próstata.
O governo disse que os funcionários da empresa deram incentivos financeiros ilegais a cerca de 400 médicos em todo o país para persuadi-los a prescrever o medicamento Zoladex. Esses incentivos incluíram milhares de amostras grátis de Zoladex [...]"
27/04/2010 - Farmacêutica gigante AstraZeneca pagará US $ 520 milhões pelo marketing de medicamentos off-label https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/pharmaceutical-giant-astrazeneca-pay-520-million-label-drug-marketing
"AstraZeneca LP e AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP vão pagar $ 520 milhões para resolver as alegações de que a AstraZeneca comercializou ilegalmente o medicamento antipsicótico Seroquel para usos não aprovados como seguros e eficazes pela Food and Drug Administration (FDA), os Departamentos de Justiça e Saúde e Serviços Humanos A Equipe de Ação de Fiscalização de Fraudes em Saúde (HEAT) anunciou hoje. Esses usos não aprovados também são conhecidos como usos "off-label" porque não estão incluídos no rótulo do medicamento aprovado pela FDA."
- List of largest pharmaceutical settlements [Lista dos maiores acordos farmaceuticos] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_largest_pharmaceutical_settlements
8. CIENTISTAS
Especialistas Sérios
- Máscara Provoca Insuficiência Respiratória E Contaminação Microbiana… [Canal deletado] https://youtube.com/watch?v=eHu-pydSvDI
Não lembro mais a quem pertencia, mas provavelmente era de um médico falando do assunto. Creio ter sido do Dr. Paulo Sato, por essa temática ter sido abordada por ele, mas ao abrir o site aparece somente:
"Este vídeo foi removido por violar as diretrizes da comunidade do YouTube"
Dr. Paulo Sato
- USAR ou NÃO USAR a CUECA do seu governador no rosto https://fb.watch/7NPP_7rS5S/ https://www.facebook.com/AdoniasSoaresBR/videos/1347904292291481/ Adonias Soares entrevista ao Dr. Paulo Sato sobre as máscaras, em que é simulado o efeito da respiração prolongada das máscaras no organismo com o uso de águas de torneira, natural, gaseificada (com gás carbônico) e antioxidante, em que a com gás carbônico (PH 4 - Ácido) representa o organismo humano, e na prática representa lesão corporal e iniciação de doenças.
Dr. Kary Mullis
(Criador do teste PCR)
- PCR nas palavras do seu inventor - Dr. Kary Mullis (legendado) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W1O52uTygk8
"Qualquer um pode testar positivo para quase qualquer coisa com um teste de PCR, se você executá-lo por tempo suficiente… Com PCR, se voce fizer isso bem, você pode encontrar quase tudo em qualquer pessoa… Isso não te diz que você está doente."
- Kary Mullis DESTRUYE a Anthony Fauci lbry://@CapitalistChile#0/Kary-Mullis---Fauci#5
"Ele [...] não entende de medicina e não deveria estar onde está. A maioria dos que estão acima são só administrativos e não têm nem ideia do que ocorre aqui em baixo e essas pessoas tem uma agenda que não é a que gostaríamos que tivessem, dado que somos nós os que pagamos a eles para que cuidem da nossa saúde. Têm uma agenda pessoal."
Dra. Li-Meng Yan
- Dra. Li-Meng Yan: O vírus foi criado em laboratório com um objetivo: Causar dano. https://youtu.be/pSXp3CZnvOc
Dr. Joe Roseman
- Cientista Phd Dr Joe Roseman faz seríssimas advertencias sobre a picada https://youtu.be/0PIXVFqJ_h8
Dr. Robert Malone
- As vacinas podem estar causando ADE - Dr. Robert Malone https://odysee.com/@AkashaComunidad:f/Las_vacunas_pueden_estar_causando_ADE_magnificaci%C3%B3n_mediada_por:f lbry://@Información.#b/Drrm#9
Dr. Robert Malone, um dos três inventores da tecnologia de RNAm que se usa de forma farmacêutica. No vídeo fala sobre os efeitos de ADE (realce dependente de anticorpos) que estão ocorrendo com as vacinas. Nas palavras do Dr. Malone, já não é somente uma hipótese, mas baseada nos conhecimentos gerados nas provas e ensaios pré clínicos, com as vacinas contra o primeiro vírus da SARS.
Dr. Luc Montagnier
- Dr. Luc Montagnier, virologista, prêmio Nobel de medicina, um dos descobridores do vírus HIV, afirma: "a vacinação em massa está criando as novas variantes' (@medicospelavida , telegram)
Falsos Especialistas
-
Dr. Anthony Fauci - Imunologista
-
Dr. Atila Iamarino (nerdologia) - Microbiólogo
Atualmente propagandeia a pauta climática do COP30 (30th Conference Of Parties - UN [30ª Conferência das Partes - ONU]) que será no Brasil.
9. CASOS DOCUMENTADOS
13 de setembro de 2021 - 13/09/2021 - Carta aberta ao Ministro da Saúde por Arlene Ferrari Graf, mãe de Bruno Oscar Graf https://telegra.ph/Carta-aberta-ao-Ministro-da-Sa%C3%BAde-09-13
Também em: Gazeta do Povo
O texto de uma mãe discorrendo sobre o filho dela, Bruno Oscar Graf, ter ANTI-HEPARINA PF4 AUTO-IMUNE e ter vindo a falecer por reação à vacina.
11/05/2021 - Rio notifica morte de grávida vacinada com imunizante Oxford https://www.terra.com.br/noticias/coronavirus/rio-notifica-morte-de-gravida-vacinada-com-imunizante-oxford,415b9b0c49169427ac2f90ae3765c057e9suy3qn.html
"Vítima não apresentava histórico de doença circulatória nem sofria de nenhuma doença viral; relação será investigada"
13/08/2021 - Cruzeiro com 4.336 pessoas tem 27 contaminados com Covid-19 em Belize https://paranaportal.uol.com.br/geral/cruzeiro-com-4-336-pessoas-tem-27-contaminados-com-covid-19-em-belize/amp/
"Segundo um comunicado do Conselho de Turismo de Belize emitido na quarta-feira (11), 26 contaminados são da tripulação e um é passageiro. A maioria é assintomática e os 27 estão vacinados."
10. ALEGAÇÕES DIRETAS
Setembro de 2021 - 09/2021 - BOMBA: Ex-membro do Partido Comunista da China revela que o primeiro surto da Covid foi “intencional” https://terrabrasilnoticias.com/2021/09/bomba-ex-membro-do-partido-comunista-da-china-revela-que-o-primeiro-surto-da-covid-foi-intencional/
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@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 18:03:02
The former seems to have found solid product market fit. Expect significant volume, adoption, and usage going forward.
The latter's future remains to be seen. Dependence on Tor, which has had massive reliability issues, and lack of strong privacy guarantees put it at risk.
— ODELL (@ODELL) October 27, 2022
The Basics
- Lightning is a protocol that enables cheap and fast native bitcoin transactions.
- At the core of the protocol is the ability for bitcoin users to create a payment channel with another user.
- These payment channels enable users to make many bitcoin transactions between each other with only two on-chain bitcoin transactions: the channel open transaction and the channel close transaction.
- Essentially lightning is a protocol for interoperable batched bitcoin transactions.
- It is expected that on chain bitcoin transaction fees will increase with adoption and the ability to easily batch transactions will save users significant money.
- As these lightning transactions are processed, liquidity flows from one side of a channel to the other side, on chain transactions are signed by both parties but not broadcasted to update this balance.
- Lightning is designed to be trust minimized, either party in a payment channel can close the channel at any time and their bitcoin will be settled on chain without trusting the other party.
There is no 'Lightning Network'
- Many people refer to the aggregate of all lightning channels as 'The Lightning Network' but this is a false premise.
- There are many lightning channels between many different users and funds can flow across interconnected channels as long as there is a route through peers.
- If a lightning transaction requires multiple hops it will flow through multiple interconnected channels, adjusting the balance of all channels along the route, and paying lightning transaction fees that are set by each node on the route.
Example: You have a channel with Bob. Bob has a channel with Charlie. You can pay Charlie through your channel with Bob and Bob's channel with User C.
- As a result, it is not guaranteed that every lightning user can pay every other lightning user, they must have a route of interconnected channels between sender and receiver.
Lightning in Practice
- Lightning has already found product market fit and usage as an interconnected payment protocol between large professional custodians.
- They are able to easily manage channels and liquidity between each other without trust using this interoperable protocol.
- Lightning payments between large custodians are fast and easy. End users do not have to run their own node or manage their channels and liquidity. These payments rarely fail due to professional management of custodial nodes.
- The tradeoff is one inherent to custodians and other trusted third parties. Custodial wallets can steal funds and compromise user privacy.
Sovereign Lightning
- Trusted third parties are security holes.
- Users must run their own node and manage their own channels in order to use lightning without trusting a third party. This remains the single largest friction point for sovereign lightning usage: the mental burden of actively running a lightning node and associated liquidity management.
- Bitcoin development prioritizes node accessibility so cost to self host your own node is low but if a node is run at home or office, Tor or a VPN is recommended to mask your IP address: otherwise it is visible to the entire network and represents a privacy risk.
- This privacy risk is heightened due to the potential for certain governments to go after sovereign lightning users and compel them to shutdown their nodes. If their IP Address is exposed they are easier to target.
- Fortunately the tools to run and manage nodes continue to get easier but it is important to understand that this will always be a friction point when compared to custodial services.
The Potential Fracture of Lightning
- Any lightning user can choose which users are allowed to open channels with them.
- One potential is that professional custodians only peer with other professional custodians.
- We already see nodes like those run by CashApp only have channels open with other regulated counterparties. This could be due to performance goals, liability reduction, or regulatory pressure.
- Fortunately some of their peers are connected to non-regulated parties so payments to and from sovereign lightning users are still successfully processed by CashApp but this may not always be the case going forward.
Summary
- Many people refer to the aggregate of all lightning channels as 'The Lightning Network' but this is a false premise. There is no singular 'Lightning Network' but rather many payment channels between distinct peers, some connected with each other and some not.
- Lightning as an interoperable payment protocol between professional custodians seems to have found solid product market fit. Expect significant volume, adoption, and usage going forward.
- Lightning as a robust sovereign payment protocol has yet to be battle tested. Heavy reliance on Tor, which has had massive reliability issues, the friction of active liquidity management, significant on chain fee burden for small amounts, interactivity constraints on mobile, and lack of strong privacy guarantees put it at risk.
If you have never used lightning before, use this guide to get started on your phone.
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
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@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 14:01:50
Bank run on every crypto bank then bank run on every "real" bank.
— ODELL (@ODELL) December 14, 2022
Good morning.
It looks like PacWest will fail today. It will be both the fifth largest bank failure in US history and the sixth major bank to fail this year. It will likely get purchased by one of the big four banks in a government orchestrated sale.
March 8th - Silvergate Bank
March 10th - Silicon Valley Bank
March 12th - Signature Bank
March 19th - Credit Suisse
May 1st - First Republic Bank
May 4th - PacWest Bank?PacWest is the first of many small regional banks that will go under this year. Most will get bought by the big four in gov orchestrated sales. This has been the playbook since 2008. Follow the incentives. Massive consolidation across the banking industry. PacWest gonna be a drop in the bucket compared to what comes next.
First, a hastened government led bank consolidation, then a public/private partnership with the remaining large banks to launch a surveilled and controlled digital currency network. We will be told it is more convenient. We will be told it is safer. We will be told it will prevent future bank runs. All of that is marketing bullshit. The goal is greater control of money. The ability to choose how we spend it and how we save it. If you control the money - you control the people that use it.
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
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@ 9ca447d2:fbf5a36d
2025-06-04 17:01:52
Trump Media & Technology Group (TMTG), the company behind Truth Social and other Trump-branded digital platforms, is planning to raise $2.5 billion to build one of the largest bitcoin treasuries among public companies.
The deal involves the sale of approximately $1.5 billion in common stock and $1.0 billion in convertible senior secured notes.
According to the company, the offering is expected to close by the end of May, pending standard closing conditions.
Devin Nunes, CEO of Trump Media, said the investment in bitcoin is a big part of the company’s long-term plan.
“We view Bitcoin as an apex instrument of financial freedom,” Nunes said.
“This investment will help defend our Company against harassment and discrimination by financial institutions, which plague many Americans and U.S. firms.”
He added that the bitcoin treasury will be used to create new synergies across the company’s platforms including Truth Social, Truth+, and the upcoming financial tech brand Truth.Fi.
“It’s a big step forward in the company’s plans to evolve into a holding company by acquiring additional profit-generating, crown jewel assets consistent with America First principles,” Nunes said.
The $2.5 billion raise will come from about 50 institutional investors. The $1 billion in convertible notes will have 0% interest and be convertible into shares at a 35% premium.
TMTG’s current liquid assets, including cash and short-term investments, are $759 million as of the end of the first quarter of 2025. With this new funding, the company’s liquid assets will be over $3 billion.
Custody of the bitcoin treasury will be handled by Crypto.com and Anchorage Digital. They will manage and store the digital assets.
Earlier this week The Financial Times reported Trump Media was planning to raise $3 billion for digital assets acquisitions.
The article said the funds would be used to buy bitcoin and other digital assets, and an announcement could come before a major related event in Las Vegas.
Related: Bitcoin 2025 Conference Kicks off in Las Vegas Today
Trump Media denied the FT report. In a statement, the company said, “Apparently the Financial Times has dumb writers listening to even dumber sources.”
There was no further comment. However, the official $2.5 billion figure, which was announced shortly after by Trump Media through a press release, aligns with its actual filing and investor communication.
Trump Media’s official announcement
This comes at a time when the Trump family and political allies are showing renewed interest in Bitcoin.
President Donald Trump who is now back in office since the 2025 election, has said he wants to make the U.S. the “crypto capital of the world.”
Trump Media is also working on retail bitcoin investment products including ETFs aligned with America First policies.
These products will make bitcoin more accessible to retail investors and support pro-Trump financial initiatives.
But not everyone is happy.
Democratic Senator Elizabeth Warren recently expressed concerns about Trump Media’s Bitcoin plans. She asked U.S. regulators to clarify their oversight of digital-asset ETFs, warning of investor risk.
Industry insiders are comparing Trump Media’s plans to Strategy (MSTR) which has built a multi-billion dollar bitcoin treasury over the last year. They used stock and bond sales to fund their bitcoin purchases.
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 18:01:25
Bitcoin Magazine
MARA Announces Over $100 Million in Bitcoin Mined in May 2025Today, MARA Holdings, Inc. (NASDAQ: MARA) reported a record high month of bitcoin production in May 2025, mining 950 BTC worth over $100 million at the time of writing. A 35% increase from April and the highest monthly output since the April 2024 halving event. MARA did not sell any bitcoin in May.
JUST IN: MARA mined 950 #Bitcoin worth over $100 MILLION in May
They HODLed all of it
pic.twitter.com/Z4v1zoEfga— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 3, 2025
“May was a record-breaking month for MARA with 282 blocks won, a 38% increase over April and a new monthly high,” said the Chairman and CEO of MARA Fred Thiel. “Our total bitcoin holdings surpassed 49,000 BTC during May and the 950 bitcoin produced were the most since the halving event in April 2024.”
The company mined 282 blocks during the month, a 38% rise over the previous month, and now holds 49,179 BTC, worth roughly $5.23 billion at the time of writing.
“Our fully integrated tech stack is a key differentiator, and MARA Pool is the only self-owned and operated mining pool among public miners, offering greater control and efficiency,” stated Thiel. “Operating our pool means no fees to external operators and retention of the full value of block rewards. Production in May also benefitted from block reward luck. Since launch, MARA Pool’s block reward luck has outperformed the network average by over 10%, contributing to our industry-leading block production.”
Operational efficiency also improved, with energized hashrate rising 2% from 57.3 EH/s to 58.3 EH/s. MARA’s average daily bitcoin production hit 30.7 BTC, which is 31% more than the last month from April.
“We remain laser-focused on transforming MARA into a vertically integrated digital energy and infrastructure company,” commented Thiel. “We believe this model gives us tighter operational control, improves cost-efficiency, and makes us more resilient to shifts in the broader economy.”
Earlier this month, on May 8, MARA released its first quarter 2025 earnings, posting 213.9 million dollars in revenue. A 30 percent increase over the same period last year. The company’s bitcoin holdings surged 174 percent year over year, rising from 17,320 BTC to 47,531 BTC as of March 31, with an estimated value of 3.9 billion dollars at the time. In Q1, MARA mined 2,286 BTC and acquired an additional 340 BTC. Operational performance also strengthened, with energized hashrate nearly doubling from 27.8 EH/s to 54.3 EH/s, and cost per petahash per day improving by 25 percent.
This post MARA Announces Over $100 Million in Bitcoin Mined in May 2025 first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Oscar Zarraga Perez.
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@ da8b7de1:c0164aee
2025-06-04 16:37:07
Nukleáris politika és szabályozási fejlemények
A Nemzetközi Atomenergia-ügynökség (IAEA) Kormányzótanácsa 2025. június 9-én kezdi meg szokásos júniusi ülését Bécsben. A főbb napirendi pontok között szerepel a 2024-es éves jelentés, a technikai együttműködési tevékenységek, az iráni ellenőrzés és felügyelet, az ellenőrzések végrehajtása Észak-Koreában és Szíriában, a nukleáris biztonság és védelem Ukrajnában, valamint a nukleáris anyagok átruházása és ellenőrzése az AUKUS-keretében. Az ülésen új tagokat is kijelölnek a Kormányzótanácsba, és előkészítik a 69. rendes közgyűlést[iaea.org].
Jelentős projektek és iparági bővülés
Az amerikai Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) benyújtotta kérelmét az Egyesült Államok Nukleáris Szabályozási Bizottságához egy GE Vernova Hitachi BWRX-300 kis moduláris reaktor (SMR) megépítésére a Clinch River telephelyen, ami jelentős lépés az amerikai fejlett nukleáris technológiák elterjesztésében[world-nuclear-news.org]. Kanadában a hatóság engedélyezte az Ontario Power Generation számára, hogy egy BWRX-300 reaktort építsen a Darlington New Nuclear Project helyszínen, ezzel tovább haladva az észak-amerikai SMR-projektek terén[world-nuclear-news.org].
India nukleáris szabályozója jóváhagyta a négyblokkos Mahi Banswara Rajasthan Atomerőmű telephelyét, Kínában pedig folytatódnak a szerelési munkák a Haiyang 3 egységen. Eközben Belgium és Dánia felülvizsgálják nukleáris politikájukat: Belgium visszavonja a korábbi leállítási döntést, Dánia pedig újragondolja álláspontját[world-nuclear-news.org].
Ellátási lánc, munkaerő és nemzetközi együttműködés
A nukleáris kapacitás várható gyors növekedése miatt egyre nagyobb hangsúly kerül mind a helyi, mind a globális ellátási lánc felkészítésére. A World Nuclear Association legutóbbi konferenciája kiemelte az ellátási lánc „globalizációjának” fontosságát a bővülés támogatásához[world-nuclear-news.org]. A nukleáris munkaerő világszerte növekedni fog, ami új lehetőségeket teremt, nem pedig hiányt. Az iparági szakértők hangsúlyozzák a jelentkezők tapasztalatának javítását és a szektorok közötti készségek hasznosítását a jövőbeni igények kielégítésére[world-nuclear-news.org].
A nemzetközi szabályozói együttműködés is fejlődik, különösen a kis moduláris reaktorok (SMR) tervezési értékelése terén. A brit Nukleáris Szabályozási Hivatal közzétette első jelentését ebben a témában, globális szinten hatékonyabb és összehangoltabb megközelítést célozva[world-nuclear-news.org].
Gazdasági és befektetési trendek
A nukleáris szektorban újra optimizmus tapasztalható, egészséges projektportfóliókkal és növekvő magánbefektetésekkel, különösen a fejlett üzemanyagok, például a HALEU (magas dúsítású urán) terén. A Világbank lehetséges politikai váltása, amely lehetővé tenné nukleáris projektek finanszírozását, jelentős hatással lehet a globális befektetésekre, példát mutatva más hitelezőknek is[ans.org].
Az USA-ban jelentős lépés a Prohibiting Russian Uranium Imports Act életbe lépése, amely megtiltja a feldolgozatlan, alacsony dúsítású orosz urán behozatalát, és 2,72 milliárd dollár szövetségi támogatást szabadít fel a hazai urántermelés fellendítésére. A törvény 2027-ig korlátozott mentességeket engedélyez, 2040-ben pedig lejár[ans.org].
Technológia és innováció
A TerraPower hivatalosan is jelezte a brit hatóságoknak, hogy megkezdi a Natrium nátrium-hűtésű gyorsreaktor általános tervezési engedélyezési folyamatát, ezzel jelezve, hogy a vállalat nemzetközi szinten is be kívánja vezetni ezt a technológiát[world-nuclear-news.org]. Olaszországban új nemzeti bizottság alakult a radioaktív anyagok szállításával kapcsolatos kihívások kezelésére, a megfelelőség és a logisztika egyszerűsítése érdekében[world-nuclear-news.org].
Az Enel, az Ansaldo Energia és a Leonardo megalapította a Nuclitalia céget, hogy tanulmányozza a fejlett nukleáris technológiákat és elemezze a piaci lehetőségeket, ami jól mutatja az európai érdeklődés növekedését a következő generációs nukleáris megoldások iránt[world-nuclear-news.org].
Friss és közelgő események
- Az IAEA Kormányzótanácsának ülése (2025. június 9–13.) számos politikai, biztonsági és védelmi kérdéssel foglalkozik majd[iaea.org].
- Az amerikai Fehér Ház nemrégiben csúcstalálkozót tartott a hazai nukleáris fejlesztésekről, és elindította a legnagyobb szövetségi kezdeményezést az elmúlt ötven évben a hálózati méretű nukleáris reaktorok felgyorsított építésére[ans.org].
Források: - world-nuclear-news.org - iaea.org - ans.org - nucnet.org
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 18:01:20
Bitcoin Magazine
Adam Back Invests SEK 21 Million to H100 Group Bitcoin Treasury StrategyToday, H100 Group AB announced it has entered a SEK 21 million convertible loan from an investment agreement with Adam Back, with the option to expand his investment to SEK 277 million through a five-tranche convertible loan deal. The proceeds will be used to buy Bitcoin in alignment with H100 Group’s long-term Bitcoin treasury strategy.
H100 Group AB (Ticker: H100) secures a SEK 21M ($2.1M) commitment from @adam3us , with rights to invest an additional SEK 128M ($12.8M) in tranches—bringing the total contemplated raise to SEK 277M (~$27.7M). pic.twitter.com/c0HgMSRxut
— H100 (@H100Group) June 3, 2025
Under the agreement, Back may invest up to SEK 128 million across four additional tranches, with guaranteed participation of at least 50%. Each tranche is twice his committed amount, demonstrating his support for H100’s long-term growth.
The press release said, “Adam Back may request the Second Tranche within 90 days from signing of the Initial Tranche, the Third Tranche within 90 days from signing of the Second Tranche, the Fourth Tranche within 90 days from signing of the Third Tranche and the Fifth Tranche within ninety 90 days from signing of the Fourth Tranche. In the event Adam Back does not request a Future Tranche within the deadline, the right to request subsequent Future Tranches lapses.”
The convertible loans have no interest and have a five year maturity. At any time, Back may convert the loans into shares of the Company. Conversion prices are fixed per tranche: SEK 1.75 per share for the initial tranche, rising to SEK 5.00 by the fifth tranche. H100 retains the right to force conversion if the stock price exceeds the conversion rate by 33% over a 20 day period. Full conversion of the initial tranche would result in 12 million new shares and a 9.3% dilution.
“Upon request of a tranche Adam Back is obliged to invest in the relevant Tranche with SEK 15,750,000 in the second tranche, SEK 23,625,000 in the third tranche, SEK 35,437,500 in the fourth tranche, and SEK 53,156,250 in the fifth tranche,” stated the press release. “The contemplated size for each tranche is twice the entitled amount of Adam Back.”
Blockstream has “been around since 2014 and we work with our investors to put Bitcoin in a balance sheet back then and since then,” said Adam Back at the 2025 Bitcoin Conference. “I think the way to look at the treasury companies is that Bitcoin is effectively the hurdle rate; it’s very hard to outperform bitcoin. Most people that have invested in things since bitcoin has been around have thought, ‘oh, I should have put that in bitcoin and not in the other thing.”
This post Adam Back Invests SEK 21 Million to H100 Group Bitcoin Treasury Strategy first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Oscar Zarraga Perez.
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@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 14:01:50
People forget Bear Stearns failed March 2008 - months of denial followed before the public realized how bad the situation was under the surface.
Similar happening now but much larger scale. They did not fix fundamental issues after 2008 - everything is more fragile.
The Fed preemptively bailed out every bank with their BTFP program and First Republic Bank still failed. The second largest bank failure in history.
There will be more failures. There will be more bailouts. Depositors will be "protected" by socializing losses across everyone.
Our President and mainstream financial pundits are currently pretending the banking crisis is over while most banks remain insolvent. There are going to be many more bank failures as this ponzi system unravels.
Unlike 2008, we have the ability to opt out of these broken and corrupt institutions by using bitcoin. Bitcoin held in self custody is unique in its lack of counterparty risk - you do not have to trust a bank or other centralized entity to hold it for you. Bitcoin is also incredibly difficult to change by design since it is not controlled by an individual, company, or government - the supply of dollars will inevitably be inflated to bailout these failing banks but bitcoin supply will remain unchanged. I do not need to convince you that bitcoin provides value - these next few years will convince millions.
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 18:01:14
Bitcoin Magazine
Moscow Exchange Launches Bitcoin Futures For Qualified InvestorsThe Moscow Exchange, Russia’s largest exchange group, announced the launch of Bitcoin futures contracts on June 4th, 2025. The new derivatives will allow qualified investors in Russia to gain exposure to bitcoin prices without directly owning it.
The bitcoin futures contracts are cash-settled in Russian rubles and will be tied to the iShares Bitcoin Trust ETF (IBIT) that trades on U.S. exchanges. The IBIT ETF tracks the price of bitcoin, with each share representing 0.00068 bitcoin.
BREAKING:
Russia’s largest exchange, Moscow Exchange launches #Bitcoin futures trading for qualified investors. pic.twitter.com/J9htJUWpLw— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 4, 2025
Trading for the new bitcoin futures kicked off on Wednesday, with the first contracts expiring in September 2025. Each futures contract will be denominated in U.S. dollars per bitcoin but settled in rubles.
The launch of bitcoin futures on the Moscow Exchange comes after increased interest in Bitcoin exposure from Russian financial institutions. In May, Russia’s central bank formally permitted the offering of crypto-linked securities and derivatives to qualified investors. Prior to this, direct investment in Bitcoin was discouraged.
Sberbank, Russia’s largest bank, also announced plans to unveil its own bitcoin futures product in addition to the Moscow Exchange’s offering. The bank is launching exchange-traded notes that track Bitcoin’s price without direct ownership.
Bitcoin futures and other crypto-derivatives have seen surging interest recently as the Bitcoin and crypto industry matures. The move comes as an increasing number of countries have started adding Bitcoin to their reserves.
As Bitcoin adoption increases, investors and financial institutions are seeking more routes to gain exposure to Bitcoin. The launch of futures on the Moscow Exchange provides regulated bitcoin exposure to qualified Russian investors. But direct ownership of “physical” bitcoin remains off limits for most in Russia’s traditional finance sector.
This post Moscow Exchange Launches Bitcoin Futures For Qualified Investors first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Vivek Sen.
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@ 1bc70a01:24f6a411
2025-05-31 04:34:37
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@ b1ddb4d7:471244e7
2025-06-04 16:02:09
When Sergei talks about bitcoin, he doesn’t sound like someone chasing profits or followers. He sounds like someone about to build a monastery in the ruins.
While the mainstream world chases headlines and hype, Sergei shows up in local meetups from Sacramento to Cleveland, mentors curious minds, and shares what he knows is true – hoping that, with the right spark, someone will light their own way forward.
We interviewed Sergei to trace his steps: where he started, what keeps him going, and why teaching bitcoin is far more than explaining how to set up a node – it’s about reaching the right minds before the noise consumes them. So we began where most journeys start: at the beginning.
First Steps
- So, where did it all begin for you and what made you stay curious?
I first heard about bitcoin from a friend’s book recommendation, American Kingpin, the book about Silk Road (online drug marketplace). He is still not a true bitcoiner, although I helped him secure private keys with some bitcoin.
I was really busy at the time – focused on my school curriculum, running a 7-bedroom Airbnb, and working for a standardized test prep company. Bitcoin seemed too technical for me to explore, and the pace of my work left no time for it.
After graduating, while pursuing more training, I started playing around with stocks and maximizing my savings. Passive income seemed like the path to early retirement, as per the promise of the FIRE movement (Financial Independence, Retire Early). I mostly followed the mainstream news and my mentor’s advice – he liked preferred stocks at the time.
I had some Coinbase IOUs and remember sending bitcoin within the Coinbase ledger to a couple friends. I also recall the 2018 crash; I actually saw the legendary price spike live but couldn’t benefit because my funds were stuck amidst the frenzy. I withdrew from that investment completely for some time. Thankfully, my mentor advised to keep en eye on bitcoin.
Around late 2019, I started DCA-ing cautiously. Additionally, my friend and I were discussing famous billionaires, and how there was no curriculum for becoming a billionaire. So, I typed “billionaires” into my podcast app, and landed on We Study Billionaires podcast.
That’s where I kept hearing Preston Pysh mention bitcoin, before splitting into his own podcast series, Bitcoin Fundamentals. I didn’t understand most of the terminology of stocks, bonds, etc, yet I kept listening and trying to absorb it thru repetition. Today, I realize all that financial talk was mostly noise.
When people ask me for a technical explanation of fiat, I say: it’s all made up, just like the fiat price of bitcoin! Starting in 2020, during the so-called pandemic, I dove deeper. I religiously read Bitcoin Magazine, scrolled thru Bitcoin Twitter, and joined Simply Bitcoin Telegram group back when DarthCoin was an admin.
DarthCoin was my favorite bitcoiner – experienced, knowledgeable, and unapologetic. Watching him shift from rage to kindness, from passion to despair, gave me a glimpse at what a true educator’s journey would look like.
The struggle isn’t about adoption at scale anymore. It’s about reaching the few who are willing to study, take risks, and stay out of fiat traps. The vast majority won’t follow that example – not yet at least… if I start telling others the requirements for true freedom and prosperity, they would certainly say “Hell no!”
- At what point did you start teaching others, and why?
After college, I helped teach at a standardized test preparation company, and mentored some students one-on-one. I even tried working at a kindergarten briefly, but left quickly; Babysitting is not teaching.
What I discovered is that those who will succeed don’t really need my help – they would succeed with or without me, because they already have the inner drive.
Once you realize your people are perishing for lack of knowledge, the only rational thing to do is help raise their level of knowledge and understanding. That’s the Great Work.
I sometimes imagine myself as a political prisoner. If that were to happen, I’d probably start teaching fellow prisoners, doctors, janitors, even guards. In a way we already live in an open-air prison, So what else is there to do but teach, organize, and conspire to dismantle the Matrix?
Building on Bitcoin
- You hosted some in-person meetups in Sacramento. What did you learn from those?
My first presentation was on MultiSig storage with SeedSigner, and submarine swaps through Boltz.exchange.
I realized quickly that I had overestimated the group’s technical background. Even the meetup organizer, a financial advisor, asked, “How is anyone supposed to follow these steps?” I responded that reading was required… He decided that Unchained is an easier way.
At a crypto meetup, I gave a much simpler talk, outlining how bitcoin will save the world, based on a DarthCoin’s guide. Only one person stuck around to ask questions – a man who seemed a little out there, and did not really seem to get the message beyond the strength of cryptographic security of bitcoin.
Again, I overestimated the audience’s readiness. That forced me to rethink my strategy. People are extremely early and reluctant to study.
- Now in Ohio, you hold sessions via the Orange Pill App. What’s changed?
My new motto is: educate the educators. The corollary is: don’t orange-pill stupid normies (as DarthCoin puts it).
I’ve shifted to small, technical sessions in order to raise a few solid guardians of this esoteric knowledge who really get it and can carry it forward.
The youngest attendee at one of my sessions is a newborn baby – he mostly sleeps, but maybe he still absorbs some of the educational vibes.
- How do local groups like Sactown and Cleveland Bitcoiners influence your work?
Every meetup reflects its local culture. Sacramento and Bay Area Bitcoiners, for example, do camping trips – once we camped through a desert storm, shielding our burgers from sand while others went to shoot guns.
Cleveland Bitcoiners are different. They amass large gatherings. They recently threw a 100k party. They do a bit more community outreach. Some are curious about the esoteric topics such as jurisdiction, spirituality, and healthful living.
I have no permanent allegiance to any state, race, or group. I go where I can teach and learn. I anticipate that in my next phase, I’ll meet Bitcoiners so advanced that I’ll have to give up my fiat job and focus full-time on serious projects where real health and wealth are on the line.
Hopefully, I’ll be ready. I believe the universe always challenges you exactly to your limit – no less, no more.
- What do people struggle with the most when it comes to technical education?
The biggest struggle isn’t technical – it’s a lack of deep curiosity. People ask “how” and “what” – how do I set up a node, what should one do with the lightning channels? But very few ask “why?”
Why does on-chain bitcoin not contribute to the circular economy? Why is it essential to run Lightning? Why did humanity fall into mental enslavement in the first place?
I’d rather teach two-year-olds who constantly ask “why” than adults who ask how to flip a profit. What worries me most is that most two-year-olds will grow up asking state-funded AI bots for answers and live according to its recommendations.
- One Cleveland Bitcoiner shows up at gold bug meetups. How valuable is face-to-face education?
I don’t think the older generation is going to reverse the current human condition. Most of them have been under mind control for too long, and they just don’t have the attention span to study and change their ways.
They’re better off stacking gold and helping fund their grandkids’ education. If I were to focus on a demographic, I’d go for teenagers – high school age – because by college, the indoctrination is usually too strong, and they’re chasing fiat mastery.
As for the gold bug meetup? Perhaps one day I will show up with a ukulele to sing some bitcoin-themed songs. Seniors love such entertainment.
- How do you choose what to focus on in your sessions, especially for different types of learners?
I don’t come in with a rigid agenda. I’ve collected a massive library of resources over the years and never stopped reading. My browser tab and folder count are exploding.
At the meetup, people share questions or topics they’re curious about, then I take that home, do my homework, and bring back a session based on those themes. I give them the key takeaways, plus where to dive deeper.
Most people won’t – or can’t – study the way I do, and I expect attendees to put in the work. I suspect that it’s more important to reach those who want to learn but don’t know how, the so-called nescient (not knowing), rather than the ignorant.
There are way too many ignorant bitcoiners, so my mission is to find those who are curious what’s beyond the facade of fake reality and superficial promises.
That naturally means that fewer people show up, and that’s fine. I’m not here for the crowds; I’m here to educate the educators. One bitcoiner who came decided to branch off into self-custody sessions and that’s awesome. Personally, I’m much more focused on Lightning.
I want to see broader adoption of tools like auth, sign-message, NWC, and LSPs. Next month, I’m going deep into eCash solutions, because let’s face it – most newcomers won’t be able to afford their own UTXO or open a lightning channel; additionally, it has to be fun and easy for them to transact sats, otherwise they won’t do it. Additionally, they’ll need to rely on
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@ 83279ad2:bd49240d
2025-05-29 04:03:54
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@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 18:03:01
The newly proposed RESTRICT ACT - is being advertised as a TikTok Ban, but is much broader than that, carries a $1M Fine and up to 20 years in prison️! It is unconstitutional and would create massive legal restrictions on the open source movement and free speech throughout the internet.
The Bill was proposed by: Senator Warner, Senator Thune, Senator Baldwin, Senator Fischer, Senator Manchin, Senator Moran, Senator Bennet, Senator Sullivan, Senator Gillibrand, Senator Collins, Senator Heinrich, and Senator Romney. It has broad support across Senators of both parties.
Corrupt politicians will not protect us. They are part of the problem. We must build, support, and learn how to use censorship resistant tools in order to defend our natural rights.
The RESTRICT Act, introduced by Senators Warner and Thune, aims to block or disrupt transactions and financial holdings involving foreign adversaries that pose risks to national security. Although the primary targets of this legislation are companies like Tik-Tok, the language of the bill could potentially be used to block or disrupt cryptocurrency transactions and, in extreme cases, block Americans’ access to open source tools or protocols like Bitcoin.
The Act creates a redundant regime paralleling OFAC without clear justification, it significantly limits the ability for injured parties to challenge actions raising due process concerns, and unlike OFAC it lacks any carve-out for protected speech. COINCENTER ON THE RESTRICT ACT
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
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@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 18:03:01
Bank run on every crypto bank then bank run on every "real" bank.
— ODELL (@ODELL) December 14, 2022
The four main banks of bitcoin and “crypto” are Signature, Prime Trust, Silvergate, and Silicon Valley Bank. Prime Trust does not custody funds themselves but rather maintains deposit accounts at BMO Harris Bank, Cross River, Lexicon Bank, MVB Bank, and Signature Bank. Silvergate and Silicon Valley Bank have already stopped withdrawals. More banks will go down before the chaos stops. None of them have sufficient reserves to meet withdrawals.
Bitcoin gives us all the ability to opt out of a system that has massive layers of counterparty risk built in, years of cheap money and broken incentives have layered risk on top of risk throughout the entire global economy. If you thought the FTX bank run was painful to watch, I have bad news for you: every major bank in the world is fractional reserve. Bitcoin held in self custody is unique in its lack of counterparty risk, as global market chaos unwinds this will become much more obvious.
The rules of bitcoin are extremely hard to change by design. Anyone can access the network directly without a trusted third party by using their own node. Owning more bitcoin does not give you more control over the network with all participants on equal footing.
Bitcoin is:
- money that is not controlled by a company or government
- money that can be spent or saved without permission
- money that is provably scarce and should increase in purchasing power with adoptionBitcoin is money without trust. Whether you are a nation state, corporation, or an individual, you can use bitcoin to spend or save without permission. Social media will accelerate the already deteriorating trust in our institutions and as this trust continues to crumble the value of trust minimized money will become obvious. As adoption increases so should the purchasing power of bitcoin.
A quick note on "stablecoins," such as USDC - it is important to remember that they rely on trusted custodians. They have the same risk as funds held directly in bank accounts with additional counterparty risk on top. The trusted custodians can be pressured by gov, exit scam, or caught up in fraud. Funds can and will be frozen at will. This is a distinctly different trust model than bitcoin, which is a native bearer token that does not rely on any centralized entity or custodian.
Most bitcoin exchanges have exposure to these failing banks. Expect more chaos and confusion as this all unwinds. Withdraw any bitcoin to your own wallet ASAP.
Simple Self Custody Guide: https://werunbtc.com/muun
More Secure Cold Storage Guide: https://werunbtc.com/coldcard
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 18:01:04
Bitcoin Magazine
Semler Scientific Acquires 185 Bitcoin, Increasing Total Holdings to 4,449 BTCToday, Semler Scientific announced it has increased its Bitcoin holdings. The company acquired 185 Bitcoin between May 23 and June 3 for $20 million with an average purchase price of $107,974 per Bitcoin, using proceeds from its at-the-market (ATM) offering program.
JUST IN:
Public company Semler Scientific purchases an additional 185 #bitcoin for $20 million. pic.twitter.com/Iir6NiNzc8— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 4, 2025
“We continue to accretively grow our bitcoin arsenal using operating cash flow and proceeds from debt and equity financings,” said the chairman of Semler Scientific Eric Semler. “And we are excited to launch the Semler Scientific dashboard today on our website to provide the public with regularly updated information on our bitcoin holdings and other key metrics.”
Since launching the ATM program in April 2025, Semler has raised approximately $136.2 million under the sales agreement of over 3.6 million shares of its common stock.
As of June 3, 2025, Semler holds 4,449 Bitcoin which were acquired for an amount of $410.0 million, with an average purchase price of $92,158 per Bitcoin. At the time of writing, the market value of these holdings is around $446.2 million.
Eric Semler on X posted, “SMLR acquires 185 Bitcoins for $20 million and has generated BTC Yield of 26.7% YTD. Now holding 4,449 $BTC.”
$SMLR acquires 185 #Bitcoins for $20 million and has generated BTC Yield of 26.7% YTD. Now holding 4,449 $BTC.
— Eric Semler (@SemlerEric) June 4, 2025
Semler Scientific uses the BTC Yield as a key performance indicator (KPI) to help assess the performance of its strategy of acquiring Bitcoin. As of year-to-date, the company has achieved a BTC Yield of 26.7%.
“Semler Scientific believes this KPI can be used to supplement an investor’s understanding of Semler Scientific’s decision to fund the purchase of Bitcoin by issuing additional shares of its common stock or instruments convertible to common stock,” stated the 8-K form.
In Q1 FY2025, Semler Scientific reported a difficult quarter. Revenue came in at $8.8 million, a 44% decrease year-over-year. Operating expenses jumped to $39.9 million from $8.9 million last year, mainly due to a $29.8 million contingent liability tied to the potential settlement with the DOJ. This led to a $31.1 million operating loss, compared to a $7.0 million profit in Q1 2024.
“Our healthcare business is seeing green shoots from the cardiovascular product line that we introduced to our large enterprise customer base this year,” said the CEO of Semler Scientific Doug Murphy-Chutorian. “We are expecting growth and cash generation from these FDA-cleared products and services, which will add to our bitcoin treasury strategy.”
This post Semler Scientific Acquires 185 Bitcoin, Increasing Total Holdings to 4,449 BTC first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Oscar Zarraga Perez.
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 14:01:47
Good morning (good night?)! The No Bullshit Bitcoin news feed is now available on Moody's Dashboard! A huge shoutout to sir Clark Moody for integrating our feed.
Headlines
- Spiral welcomes Ben Carman. The developer will work on the LDK server and a new SDK designed to simplify the onboarding process for new self-custodial Bitcoin users.
- The Bitcoin Dev Kit Foundation announced new corporate members for 2025, including AnchorWatch, CleanSpark, and Proton Foundation. The annual dues from these corporate members fund the small team of open-source developers responsible for maintaining the core BDK libraries and related free and open-source software (FOSS) projects.
- Strategy increases Bitcoin holdings to 538,200 BTC. In the latest purchase, the company has spent more than $555M to buy 6,556 coins through proceeds of two at-the-market stock offering programs.
- Spar supermarket experiments with Bitcoin payments in Zug, Switzerland. The store has introduced a new payment method powered by the Lightning Network. The implementation was facilitated by DFX Swiss, a service that supports seamless conversions between bitcoin and legacy currencies.
- The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) wants to contain 'crypto' risks. A report titled "Cryptocurrencies and Decentralised Finance: Functions and Financial Stability Implications" calls for expanding research into "how new forms of central bank money, capital controls, and taxation policies can counter the risks of widespread crypto adoption while still fostering technological innovation."
- "Global Implications of Scam Centres, Underground Banking, and Illicit Online Marketplaces in Southeast Asia." According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) report, criminal organizations from East and Southeast Asia are swiftly extending their global reach. These groups are moving beyond traditional scams and trafficking, creating sophisticated online networks that include unlicensed cryptocurrency exchanges, encrypted communication platforms, and stablecoins, fueling a massive fraud economy on an industrial scale.
- Slovenia is considering a 25% capital gains tax on Bitcoin profits for individuals. The Ministry of Finance has proposed legislation to impose this tax on gains from cryptocurrency transactions, though exchanging one cryptocurrency for another would remain exempt. At present, individual 'crypto' traders in Slovenia are not taxed.
- Circle, BitGo, Coinbase, and Paxos plan to apply for U.S. bank charters or licenses. According to a report in The Wall Street Journal, major crypto companies are planning to apply for U.S. bank charters or licenses. These firms are pursuing limited licenses that would permit them to issue stablecoins, as the U.S. Congress deliberates on legislation mandating licensing for stablecoin issuers.
"Established banks, like Bank of America, are hoping to amend the current drafts of [stablecoin] legislation in such a way that nonbanks are more heavily restricted from issuing stablecoins," people familiar with the matter told The Block.
- Charles Schwab to launch spot Bitcoin trading by 2026. The financial investment firm, managing over $10 trillion in assets, has revealed plans to introduce spot Bitcoin trading for its clients within the next year.
Use the tools
- Bitcoin Safe v1.2.3 expands QR SignMessage compatibility for all QR-UR-compatible hardware signers (SpecterDIY, KeyStone, Passport, Jade; already supported COLDCARD Q). It also adds the ability to import wallets via QR, ensuring compatibility with Keystone's latest firmware (2.0.6), alongside other improvements.
- Minibits v0.2.2-beta, an ecash wallet for Android devices, packages many changes to align the project with the planned iOS app release. New features and improvements include the ability to lock ecash to a receiver's pubkey, faster confirmations of ecash minting and payments thanks to WebSockets, UI-related fixes, and more.
- Zeus v0.11.0-alpha1 introduces Cashu wallets tied to embedded LND wallets. Navigate to Settings > Ecash to enable it. Other wallet types can still sweep funds from Cashu tokens. Zeus Pay now supports Cashu address types in Zaplocker, Cashu, and NWC modes.
- LNDg v1.10.0, an advanced web interface designed for analyzing Lightning Network Daemon (LND) data and automating node management tasks, introduces performance improvements, adds a new metrics page for unprofitable and stuck channels, and displays warnings for batch openings. The Profit and Loss Chart has been updated to include on-chain costs. Advanced settings have been added for users who would like their channel database size to be read remotely (the default remains local). Additionally, the AutoFees tool now uses aggregated pubkey metrics for multiple channels with the same peer.
- Nunchuk Desktop v1.9.45 release brings the latest bug fixes and improvements.
- Blockstream Green iOS v4.1.8 has renamed L-BTC to LBTC, and improves translations of notifications, login time, and background payments.
- Blockstream Green Android v4.1.8 has added language preference in App Settings and enables an Android data backup option for disaster recovery. Additionally, it fixes issues with Jade entry point PIN timeout and Trezor passphrase input.
- Torq v2.2.2, an advanced Lightning node management software designed to handle large nodes with over 1000 channels, fixes bugs that caused channel balance to not be updated in some cases and channel "peer total local balance" not getting updated.
- Stack Wallet v2.1.12, a multicoin wallet by Cypher Stack, fixes an issue with Xelis introduced in the latest release for Windows.
- ESP-Miner-NerdQAxePlus v1.0.29.1, a forked version from the NerdAxe miner that was modified for use on the NerdQAxe+, is now available.
- Zark enables sending sats to an npub using Bark.
- Erk is a novel variation of the Ark protocol that completely removes the need for user interactivity in rounds, addressing one of Ark's key limitations: the requirement for users to come online before their VTXOs expire.
- Aegis v0.1.1 is now available. It is a Nostr event signer app for iOS devices.
- Nostash is a NIP-07 Nostr signing extension for Safari. It is a fork of Nostore and is maintained by Terry Yiu. Available on iOS TestFlight.
- Amber v3.2.8, a Nostr event signer for Android, delivers the latest fixes and improvements.
- Nostur v1.20.0, a Nostr client for iOS, adds
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@ 32e18276:5c68e245
2025-06-03 14:45:17
6 years ago I created some tools for working with peter todd's opentimestamps proof format. You can do some fun things like create plaintext and mini ots proofs. This short post is just a demo of what these tools do and how to use them.
What is OTS?
OpenTimestamps is a protocol for stamping information into bitcoin in a minimal way. It uses OP_RETURN outputs so that it has minimal impact on chain, and potentially millions of documents are stamped all at once with a merkle tree construction.
Examples
Here's the proof of the
ots.csource file getting stamped into the ots calendar merkle tree. We're simply printing the ots proof file here withotsprint:``` $ ./otsprint ots.c.ots
version 1 file_hash sha256 f76f0795ff37a24e566cd77d1996b64fab9c871a5928ab9389dfc3a128ec8296 append 2e9943d3833768bdb9a591f1d2735804 sha256 | --> append 2d82e7414811ecbf | sha256 | append a69d4f93e3e0f6c9b8321ce2cdd90decd34d260ea3f8b55e83d157ad398b7843 | sha256 | append ac0b5896401478eb6d88a408ec08b33fd303b574fb09b503f1ac1255b432d304 | sha256 | append 8aa9fd0245664c23d31d344243b4e8b0 | sha256 | prepend 414db5a1cd3a3e6668bf2dca9007e7c0fc5aa6dc71a2eab3afb51425c3acc472 | sha256 | append 5355b15d88d4dece45cddb7913f2c83d41e641e8c1d939dac4323671a4f8e197 | sha256 | append a2babd907ca513ab561ce3860e64a26b7df5de117f1f230bc8f1a248836f0c25 | sha256 | prepend 683f072f | append 2a4cdf9e9e04f2fd | attestation calendar https://alice.btc.calendar.opentimestamps.org | --> append 7c8764fcaba5ed5d | sha256 | prepend f7e1ada392247d3f3116a97d73fcf4c0994b5c22fff824736db46cd577b97151 | sha256 | append 3c43ac41e0281f1dbcd7e713eb1ffaec48c5e05af404bca2166cdc51966a921c | sha256 | append 07b18bd7f4a5dc72326416aa3c8628ca80c8d95d7b1a82202b90bc824974da13 | sha256 | append b4d641ab029e7d900e92261c2342c9c9 | sha256 | append 4968b89b02b534f33dc26882862d25cca8f0fa76be5b9d3a3b5e2d77690e022b | sha256 | append 48c54e30b3a9ec0e6339b88ed9d04b9b1065838596a4ec778cbfc0dfc0f8c781 | sha256 | prepend 683f072f | append 8b2b4beda36c18dc | attestation calendar https://bob.btc.calendar.opentimestamps.org | --> append baa878b42ef3e0d45b324cc3a39a247a | sha256 | prepend 4fb1bc663cd641ad18e5c73fb618de1ae3d28fb5c3c224b7f9888fd52feb09ec | sha256 | append 731329278830c9725497d70e9f5a02e4b2d9c73ff73560beb3a896a2f180fdbf | sha256 | append 689024a9d57ad5daad669f001316dd0fc690ac4520410f97a349b05a3f5d69cb | sha256 | append 69d42dcb650bb2a690f850c3f6e14e46c2b0831361bac9ec454818264b9102fd | sha256 | prepend 683f072f | append bab471ba32acd9c3 | attestation calendar https://btc.calendar.catallaxy.com append c3ccce274e2f9edfa354ec105cb1a749 sha256 append 6297b54e3ce4ba71ecb06bd5632fd8cbd50fe6427b6bfc53a0e462348cc48bab sha256 append c28f03545a2948bd0d8102c887241aff5d4f6cf1e0b16dfd8787bf45ca2ab93d sha256 prepend 683f072f append 7f3259e285891c8e attestation calendar https://finney.calendar.eternitywall.com ```
The tool can create a minimal version of the proofs:
``` $ ./otsmini ots.c.ots | ./otsmini -d | ./otsprint
version 1 file_hash sha256 f76f0795ff37a24e566cd77d1996b64fab9c871a5928ab9389dfc3a128ec8296 append 2e9943d3833768bdb9a591f1d2735804 sha256 append c3ccce274e2f9edfa354ec105cb1a749 sha256 append 6297b54e3ce4ba71ecb06bd5632fd8cbd50fe6427b6bfc53a0e462348cc48bab sha256 append c28f03545a2948bd0d8102c887241aff5d4f6cf1e0b16dfd8787bf45ca2ab93d sha256 prepend 683f072f append 7f3259e285891c8e attestation calendar https://finney.calendar.eternitywall.com ```
which can be shared on social media as a string:
5s1L3tTWoTfUDhB1MPLXE1rnajwUdUnt8pfjZfY1UWVWpWu5YhW3PGCWWoXwWBRJ16B8182kQgxnKyiJtGQgRoFNbDfBss19seDnco5sF9WrBt8jQW7BVVmTB5mmAPa8ryb5929w4xEm1aE7S3SGMFr9rUgkNNzhMg4VK6vZmNqDGYvvZxBtwDMs2PRJk7y6wL6aJmq6yoaWPvuxaik4qMp76ApXEufP6RnWdapqGGsKy7TNE6ZzWWz2VXbaEXGwgjrxqF8bMstZMdGo2VzpVuEyou can even do things like gpg-style plaintext proofs:
``` $ ./otsclear -e CONTRIBUTING.ots -----BEGIN OPENTIMESTAMPS MESSAGE-----
Email patches to William Casarin jb55@jb55.com
-----BEGIN OPENTIMESTAMPS PROOF-----
AE9wZW5UaW1lc3RhbXBzAABQcm9vZgC/ieLohOiSlAEILXj4GSagG6fRNnR+CHj9e/+Mdkp0w1us gV/5dmlX2NrwEDlcBMmQ723mI9sY9ALUlXoI//AQRXlCd716J60FudR+C78fkAjwIDnONJrj1udi NDxQQ8UJiS4ZWfprUxbvaIoBs4G+4u6kCPEEaD8Ft/AIeS/skaOtQRoAg9/jDS75DI4pKGh0dHBz Oi8vZmlubmV5LmNhbGVuZGFyLmV0ZXJuaXR5d2FsbC5jb23/8AhMLZVzYZMYqwjwEPKWanBNPZVm kqsAYV3LBbkI8CCfIVveDh/S8ykOH1NC6BKTerHoPojvj1OmjB2LYvdUbgjxBGg/BbbwCGoo3fi1 A7rjAIPf4w0u+QyOLi1odHRwczovL2FsaWNlLmJ0Yy5jYWxlbmRhci5vcGVudGltZXN0YW1wcy5v cmf/8Aik+VP+n3FhCwjwELfTdHAfYQNa49I3CYycFbkI8QRoPwW28AgCLn93967lIQCD3+MNLvkM jiwraHR0cHM6Ly9ib2IuYnRjLmNhbGVuZGFyLm9wZW50aW1lc3RhbXBzLm9yZ/AQ3bEwg7mjQyKR PykGgiJewAjwID5Q68dY4m+XogwTJx72ecQEe5lheCO1RnlcJSTFokyRCPEEaD8Ft/AIw1WWPe++ 8N4Ag9/jDS75DI4jImh0dHBzOi8vYnRjLmNhbGVuZGFyLmNhdGFsbGF4eS5jb20= -----END OPENTIMESTAMPS PROOF-----
$ ./otsclear -v <<<proof_string... # verify the proof string ```
I've never really shared these tools before, I just remembered about it today. Enjoy!
Try it out: https://github.com/jb55/ots-tools
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 18:00:58
Bitcoin Magazine
BTCPay Server: The Backbone of Bitcoin Commerce, 2025The genesis story of BTCPay Server is without a doubt one of the most iconic moments in Bitcoin history. A single developer, feeling betrayed by Bitpay, a bitcoin payments processing giant and its attempt at co-opting Bitcoin, declared economic war on the company in a tweet that will never be forgotten by the Bitcoin industry; “This is lies, my trust in you is broken, I will make you obsolete.”
Nicolas Dorier went on to create one of the most widely distributed open source projects in the Bitcoin industry and perhaps the invoicing and payments industry as a whole: BTCPay Server. Much has been written about the context and motivation behind Dorier’s founding of the project — there’s even a documentary about it.
What’s seldom highlighted is how ambitious a project BTCPay Server is, how feature-rich it has become and how deeply integrated it is with the industry. In fact, it is easy to forget that as an open source project with no centralized database of users, BTCPay Server is both a massive privacy upgrade for its users and represents the removal of a fundamental middleman processing payments. As a result, Dorier and the BTCPay Server community have created a public goods infrastructure — a kind of commons of payment processing — that provides users real value by saving them fees, and providing them a much smoother user experience given that no personal information is required for the payments to flow.
Humbly described on their website as “a self-hosted, open-source cryptocurrency payment processor,” BTCPay Server is an invoicing and accounting system for merchants, a fully featured Bitcoin wallet with full node capabilities; on-chain, Lightning Network and Liquid Network support; hardware wallet support; and a modular plugin system. The plugins in particular extend the core of BTCPay Server into a wide range of niches. They also integrate into e-commerce giants such as WooCommerce and Shopify.
It is somewhat difficult to gauge the success and scope of BTCPay Server. Because it is a self-hosted platform that does not capture customer data of any kind — it has no central cloud service as other payment processors do — our view into its success is somewhat limited.
However, we can get a sense of their reach by proxy of other metrics, for example, their primary software repository has had over 170 open source contributors, with 8,393 commits at the time of writing.
As of 2025, BTCPay Server has had one million downloads directly from its GitHub repository, which does not account for cloud providers of the software as hosted by companies like Voltage or Lunanode. It is also often the case that one instance of BTCPay Server serves multiple merchants and hosts multiple stores simultaneously.
R0ckstardev, one of the top contributors to the project, told Bitcoin Magazine that there could be hundreds of thousands of instances of BTCPay Server running throughout the world. Tobe Chileta, a contributor to the project, also told Bitcoin Magazine that “of the seven continents of the world, I think it is only Antarctica that I haven’t seen someone run BTCPay server.” He added, “I’m certain we have merchants running in Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Europe and Australia.”
Companies
BTCPay Server’s website business directory, while far from exhaustive, covers hundreds of merchants onboarded. The BTCPay Server community also does regular case studies of user cohorts or major merchants that use the software, documenting their integration and story in their case studies page. It gives fantastic insights into a variety of Bitcoin communities throughout the world and includes useful guides on how to replicate various results and implementations.
Namecheap, for example, boasted over 70 million dollars’ of bitcoin volume since their integration of BTCPay Server. From May 18, 2020, to October 2024 they clocked in 1.1m transactions in total with over 500,000 users paying in bitcoin, resulting in over $73 million in revenue through payments made from over 200 countries.
BTC Inc, the parent company of the biggest Bitcoin conference in the world, has for years been setting up BTCPay Server for its merchants, and even has a one-hour behind-the-scenes documentary on the complexities of setting up dozens of merchants at a conference (filmed during the Nashville 2024 Bitcoin conference). The event saw over 25,000 attendees, including the 47th president of the U.S., Donald J. Trump.
In this most recent Bitcoin 2025 conference in Las Vegas, BTCPay Server was used to process a new world record of Bitcoin transactions within an eight-hour period, with 4,187 transactions in total. The initial target was 4,000 transactions and was set by the Guinness World Records organization.
Integrations and Plugins
One of the most important dimensions of BTCPay Server is its plugin system. Given the wide variety of ways companies can interact with Bitcoin, the developer community has optimized the BTCPay Server code toward a plugin model that developers can build for with a well-documented set of GitHub repos and an API. Today there are over 30 plugins available on BTCPay Server. Here are some of the greatest hits:
Boltz Swap Exchange Plugin
Boltz is an atomic swap exchange focused on the various Bitcoin layers such as Liquid, Lightning, Rootstock and of course Bitcoin on-chain. It has gained prominence of late as a very simple solution to the channel rebalancing challenges Lightning wallets face. R0ckstardev told Bitcoin Magazine that he is particularly impressed with the Boltz integration, and even tweeted as much earlier this year.
I've recently been going through the code of @Boltzhq plugin for @BtcpayServer, what jackstar12 & @kilrau have done there is an absolutely l33t engineering.
It's a literal crime against humanity that what they've done was not featured more in Bitcoin media.
— Uncle Rockstar Developer (@r0ckstardev) April 24, 2025
Branded as a noncustodial Bitcoin Bridge, Boltz allows users to swap between different Bitcoin layers while retaining maximum control of their funds, using atomic swap technology that eliminates third-party trust across crypto-native payments. For example, you can use Boltz via BTCPay Server to make a Lightning payment, where the sats are initially held at rest in a Liquid network wallet and are pulled from that balance by the Boltz plugin. The L-BTC is atomically swapped for sats on the Lightning Network via the Boltz exchange and the satoshis flow to the end recipient. This whole process is effectively noncustodial.
This is the same type of “lightning service provider” style infrastructure with which Breez wallet recently announced integration. While it is not quite as cheap as a user-operated Lightning node can be in the best of cases, it is far easier to set up and run — only demanding a few clicks on the BTCPay Server interface. As far as BTCPay Server is concerned, this Boltz plugin represents a full Lightning node, integrating natively with the invoicing and accounting layers.
This tech also scales quite well: One BTCPay Server admin can support many different merchants and not even have to run or manage a standard Lightning node, since the plugin supports automated liquidity management.
The Bolt Cards Plugin
The Bolt card, a company and product created by the Coincenter exchange, has come into prominence recently thanks to its unique graphics and the laser-eyes that light up on tap-to-pay. They, too, have a BTCPay Server plugin that lets users manage and connect these cool NFC cards to their wallets via the plugin.
BITCOIN IS MONEY.
AND AT @THEBITCOINCONF WE WILL PAY IN STYLE, WITH @JACK LASER-EYES BOLT CARDS.
ONLY 1,000 AVAILABLE, GET YOURS ON MAY 28TH. [pic.twitter.com/fDrZW5TGCv](https:
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@ a19caaa8:88985eaf
2025-05-27 22:36:15
インターネット、だいすき！
レスバって？
- たのしさ（ちゃぴにきく）
ちがい
- タイプもきく？それはダルい？
さけるには
- ちゃぴにきく
“思い遣る”のと“邪推する”のは違う
- でもそう捉えたんだから仕方ないじゃん（自分の気持ちも大事にする）（バランス）（またあ？）
- 「意見単体」として見ているか、「そのひとから発された言葉」として見ているかの違い？
-
自分の理想をひとに押し付けない
-
それはそれとして、社会に疲れて深く潜りにきて、同じように深いとこに居るひとと手を振り合ったり、そのあり方を見て吸収したりしたいのに、バトルに巻き込まれるの、不憫すぎる
- インスタくんはえらいなあ、「このひとにストーリーズを表示しない」ができて
- 自分はそんなつもり無くても、始まってしまった以上、責任がある気がしてしまって、相手がどうして欲しいかを考え始めてしまい、消耗する
- 社会じゃん
- EなのにEしづらい環境のひとたちの捌け口になる必要は無い
- 海は広い
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@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 18:03:01
@matt_odell don't you even dare not ask about nostr!
— Kukks (Andrew Camilleri) (@MrKukks) May 18, 2021
Nostr first hit my radar spring 2021: created by fellow bitcoiner and friend, fiatjaf, and released to the world as free open source software. I was fortunate to be able to host a conversation with him on Citadel Dispatch in those early days, capturing that moment in history forever. Since then, the protocol has seen explosive viral organic growth as individuals around the world have contributed their time and energy to build out the protocol and the surrounding ecosystem due to the clear need for better communication tools.
nostr is to twitter as bitcoin is to paypal
As an intro to nostr, let us start with a metaphor:
twitter is paypal - a centralized platform plagued by censorship but has the benefit of established network effects
nostr is bitcoin - an open protocol that is censorship resistant and robust but requires an organic adoption phase
Nostr is an open communication protocol that can be used to send messages across a distributed set of relays in a censorship resistant and robust way.
- Anyone can run a relay.
- Anyone can interact with the protocol.
- Relays can choose which messages they want to relay.
- Users are identified by a simple public private key pair that they can generate themselves.Nostr is often compared to twitter since there are nostr clients that emulate twitter functionality and user interface but that is merely one application of the protocol. Nostr is so much more than a mere twitter competitor. Nostr clients and relays can transmit a wide variety of data and clients can choose how to display that information to users. The result is a revolution in communication with implications that are difficult for any of us to truly comprehend.
Similar to bitcoin, nostr is an open and permissionless protocol. No person, company, or government controls it. Anyone can iterate and build on top of nostr without permission. Together, bitcoin and nostr are incredibly complementary freedom tech tools: censorship resistant, permissionless, robust, and interoperable - money and speech protected by code and incentives, not laws.
As censorship throughout the world continues to escalate, freedom tech provides hope for individuals around the world who refuse to accept the status quo. This movement will succeed on the shoulders of those who choose to stand up and contribute. We will build our own path. A brighter path.
My Nostr Public Key: npub1qny3tkh0acurzla8x3zy4nhrjz5zd8l9sy9jys09umwng00manysew95gx
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
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@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 14:01:49
Nostr is an open communication protocol that can be used to send messages across a distributed set of relays in a censorship resistant and robust way.
If you missed my nostr introduction post you can find it here. My nostr account can be found here.
We are nearly at the point that if something interesting is posted on a centralized social platform it will usually be posted by someone to nostr.
We are nearly at the point that if something interesting is posted exclusively to nostr it is cross posted by someone to various centralized social platforms.
We are nearly at the point that you can recommend a cross platform app that users can install and easily onboard without additional guides or resources.
As companies continue to build walls around their centralized platforms nostr posts will be the easiest to cross reference and verify - as companies continue to censor their users nostr is the best censorship resistant alternative - gradually then suddenly nostr will become the standard. 🫡
Current Nostr Stats
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 18:00:50
Bitcoin Magazine
JPMorgan to Offer Clients Financing Against Bitcoin & Crypto ETFsJPMorgan Chase & Co. plans to allow its trading and wealth-management clients to use cryptocurrency-linked assets, including spot Bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs), as collateral for loans, according to Bloomberg.
JPMorgan Plans to Offer Clients Financing Against Crypto ETFs pic.twitter.com/QpausRiHxM— matthew sigel, recovering CFA (@matthew_sigel) June 4, 2025
The bank will begin with BlackRock’s iShares Bitcoin Trust (IBIT), and additional ETFs are expected to be added over time. The policy will apply globally, spanning all client segments—from individual retail accounts to investors.
In addition to the lending change, JPMorgan will begin factoring crypto holdings into overall net worth and liquid asset evaluations, placing them on par with stocks, vehicles, or fine art when determining loan eligibility, according to those familiar with the matter.
This development marks a formal expansion of what had previously been permitted on a limited, case-by-case basis. The bank’s new approach comes as other major financial institutions, including Morgan Stanley, explore ways to integrate crypto offerings more broadly. Last month, Bloomberg also reported that Morgan Stanley plans to bring crypto trading to its E*Trade platform.
The shift also reflects changes in the U.S. regulatory environment. Since returning to office, President Donald Trump’s administration has taken a more favorable stance toward digital assets. Spot Bitcoin ETFs, first introduced in January 2024, have seen rapid growth and now manage a combined $128 billion in assets, making them among the most successful ETF launches to date.
Bitcoin’s price has also risen significantly in recent months, reaching a record $111,980 in May 2025.
JPMorgan was among the first large U.S. banks to experiment with blockchain technology and maintains relationships with firms such as Coinbase. This latest decision allows more digital assets into the bank’s lending framework.
While JPMorgan CEO Jamie Dimon has remained publicly skeptical of Bitcoin, he has consistently emphasized clients’ right to access the asset. Speaking at the firm’s investor day in May, Dimon stated, “I’m not a fan of Bitcoin.” He went on to say, “I don’t think we should smoke, but I defend your right to smoke. I defend your right to buy Bitcoin, go at it.”
This post JPMorgan to Offer Clients Financing Against Bitcoin & Crypto ETFs first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.
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@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 18:03:01
"Privacy is necessary for an open society in the electronic age. Privacy is not secrecy. A private matter is something one doesn't want the whole world to know, but a secret matter is something one doesn't want anybody to know. Privacy is the power to selectively reveal oneself to the world." - Eric Hughes, A Cypherpunk's Manifesto, 1993
Privacy is essential to freedom. Without privacy, individuals are unable to make choices free from surveillance and control. Lack of privacy leads to loss of autonomy. When individuals are constantly monitored it limits our ability to express ourselves and take risks. Any decisions we make can result in negative repercussions from those who surveil us. Without the freedom to make choices, individuals cannot truly be free.
Freedom is essential to acquiring and preserving wealth. When individuals are not free to make choices, restrictions and limitations prevent us from economic opportunities. If we are somehow able to acquire wealth in such an environment, lack of freedom can result in direct asset seizure by governments or other malicious entities. At scale, when freedom is compromised, it leads to widespread economic stagnation and poverty. Protecting freedom is essential to economic prosperity.
The connection between privacy, freedom, and wealth is critical. Without privacy, individuals lose the freedom to make choices free from surveillance and control. While lack of freedom prevents individuals from pursuing economic opportunities and makes wealth preservation nearly impossible. No Privacy? No Freedom. No Freedom? No Wealth.
Rights are not granted. They are taken and defended. Rights are often misunderstood as permission to do something by those holding power. However, if someone can give you something, they can inherently take it from you at will. People throughout history have necessarily fought for basic rights, including privacy and freedom. These rights were not given by those in power, but rather demanded and won through struggle. Even after these rights are won, they must be continually defended to ensure that they are not taken away. Rights are not granted - they are earned through struggle and defended through sacrifice.
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 14:01:48
Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.
- The latest firmware updates for COLDCARD devices introduce two major features: COLDCARD Co-sign (CCC) and Key Teleport between two COLDCARD Q devices using QR codes and/or NFC with a website.
What's new
- COLDCARD Co-Sign: When CCC is enabled, a second seed called the Spending Policy Key (Key C) is added to the device. This seed works with the device's Main Seed and one or more additional XPUBs (Backup Keys) to form 2-of-N multisig wallets.
- The spending policy functions like a hardware security module (HSM), enforcing rules such as magnitude and velocity limits, address whitelisting, and 2FA authentication to protect funds while maintaining flexibility and control, and is enforced each time the Spending Policy Key is used for signing.
- When spending conditions are met, the COLDCARD signs the partially signed bitcoin transaction (PSBT) with the Main Seed and Spending Policy Key for fund access. Once configured, the Spending Policy Key is required to view or change the policy, and violations are denied without explanation.
"You can override the spending policy at any time by signing with either a Backup Key and the Main Seed or two Backup Keys, depending on the number of keys (N) in the multisig."
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A step-by-step guide for setting up CCC is available here.
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Key Teleport for Q devices allows users to securely transfer sensitive data such as seed phrases (words, xprv), secure notes and passwords, and PSBTs for multisig. It uses QR codes or NFC, along with a helper website, to ensure reliable transmission, keeping your sensitive data protected throughout the process.
- For more technical details, see the protocol spec.
"After you sign a multisig PSBT, you have option to “Key Teleport” the PSBT file to any one of the other signers in the wallet. We already have a shared pubkey with them, so the process is simple and does not require any action on their part in advance. Plus, starting in this firmware release, COLDCARD can finalize multisig transactions, so the last signer can publish the signed transaction via PushTX (NFC tap) to get it on the blockchain directly."
- Multisig transactions are finalized when sufficiently signed. It streamlines the use of PushTX with multisig wallets.
- Signing artifacts re-export to various media. Users are now provided with the capability to export signing products, like transactions or PSBTs, to alternative media rather than the original source. For example, if a PSBT is received through a QR code, it can be signed and saved onto an SD card if needed.
- Multisig export files are signed now. Public keys are encoded as P2PKH address for all multisg signature exports. Learn more about it here.
- NFC export usability upgrade: NFC keeps exporting until CANCEL/X is pressed.
- Added Bitcoin Safe option to Export Wallet.
- 10% performance improvement in USB upload speed for large files.
- Q: Always choose the biggest possible display size for QR.
Fixes
- Do not allow change Main PIN to same value already used as Trick PIN, even if Trick PIN is hidden.
- Fix stuck progress bar under
Receiving...after a USB communications failure. - Showing derivation path in Address Explorer for root key (m) showed double slash (//).
- Can restore developer backup with custom password other than 12 words format.
- Virtual Disk auto mode ignores already signed PSBTs (with “-signed” in file name).
- Virtual Disk auto mode stuck on “Reading…” screen sometimes.
- Finalization of foreign inputs from partial signatures. Thanks Christian Uebber!
- Temporary seed from COLDCARD backup failed to load stored multisig wallets.
Destroy Seedalso removes all Trick PINs from SE2.Lock Down Seedrequires pressing confirm key (4) to execute.- Q only: Only BBQr is allowed to export Coldcard, Core, and pretty descriptor.
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 14:01:46
Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.
- RoboSats v0.7.7-alpha is now available!
NOTE: "This version of clients is not compatible with older versions of coordinators. Coordinators must upgrade first, make sure you don't upgrade your client while this is marked as pre-release."
- This version brings a new and improved coordinators view with reviews signed both by the robot and the coordinator, adds market price sources in coordinator profiles, shows a correct warning for canceling non-taken orders after a payment attempt, adds Uzbek sum currency, and includes package library updates for coordinators.
Source: RoboSats.
- siggy47 is writing daily RoboSats activity reviews on stacker.news. Check them out here.
- Stay up-to-date with RoboSats on Nostr.
What's new
- New coordinators view (see the picture above).
- Available coordinator reviews signed by both the robot and the coordinator.
- Coordinators now display market price sources in their profiles.
Source: RoboSats.
- Fix for wrong message on cancel button when taking an order. Users are now warned if they try to cancel a non taken order after a payment attempt.
- Uzbek sum currency now available.
- For coordinators: library updates.
- Add docker frontend (#1861).
- Add order review token (#1869).
- Add UZS migration (#1875).
- Fixed tests review (#1878).
- Nostr pubkey for Robot (#1887).
New contributors
Full Changelog: v0.7.6-alpha...v0.7.7-alpha
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 14:01:43
- This version introduces the Soroban P2P network, enabling Dojo to relay transactions to the Bitcoin network and share others' transactions to break the heuristic linking relaying nodes to transaction creators.
- Additionally, Dojo admins can now manage API keys in DMT with labels, status, and expiration, ideal for community Dojo providers like Dojobay. New API endpoints, including "/services" exposing Explorer, Soroban, and Indexer, have been added to aid wallet developers.
- Other maintenance updates include Bitcoin Core, Tor, Fulcrum, Node.js, plus an updated ban-knots script to disconnect inbound Knots nodes.
"I want to thank all the contributors. This again shows the power of true Free Software. I also want to thank everyone who donated to help Dojo development going. I truly appreciate it," said Still Dojo Coder.
What's new
- Soroban P2P network. For MyDojo (Docker setup) users, Soroban will be automatically installed as part of their Dojo. This integration allows Dojo to utilize the Soroban P2P network for various upcoming features and applications.
- PandoTx. PandoTx serves as a transaction transport layer. When your wallet sends a transaction to Dojo, it is relayed to a random Soroban node, which then forwards it to the Bitcoin network. It also enables your Soroban node to receive and relay transactions from others to the Bitcoin network and is designed to disrupt the assumption that a node relaying a transaction is closely linked to the person who initiated it.
- Pushing transactions through Soroban can be deactivated by setting
NODE_PANDOTX_PUSH=offindocker-node.conf. - Processing incoming transactions from Soroban network can be deactivated by setting
NODE_PANDOTX_PROCESS=offindocker-node.conf.
- Pushing transactions through Soroban can be deactivated by setting
- API key management has been introduced to address the growing number of people offering their Dojos to the community. Dojo admins can now access a new API management tab in their DMT, where they can create unlimited API keys, assign labels for easy identification, and set expiration dates for each key. This allows admins to avoid sharing their main API key and instead distribute specific keys to selected parties.
- New API endpoints. Several new API endpoints have been added to help API consumers develop features on Dojo more efficiently:
- New:
/latest-block- returns data about latest block/txout/:txid/:index- returns unspent output data/support/services- returns info about services that Dojo exposes
- Updated:
/tx/:txid- endpoint has been updated to return raw transaction with parameter?rawHex=1
- The new
/support/servicesendpoint replaces the deprecatedexplorerfield in the Dojo pairing payload. Although still present, API consumers should use this endpoint for explorer and other pairing data.
- New:
Other changes
- Updated ban script to disconnect inbound Knots nodes.
- Updated Fulcrum to v1.12.0.
- Regenerate Fulcrum certificate if expired.
- Check if transaction already exists in pushTx.
- Bump BTC-RPC Explorer.
- Bump Tor to v0.4.8.16, bump Snowflake.
- Updated Bitcoin Core to v29.0.
- Removed unnecessary middleware.
- Fixed DB update mechanism, added api_keys table.
- Add an option to use blocksdir config for bitcoin blocks directory.
- Removed deprecated configuration.
- Updated Node.js dependencies.
- Reconfigured container dependencies.
- Fix Snowflake git URL.
- Fix log path for testnet4.
- Use prebuilt addrindexrs binaries.
- Add instructions to migrate blockchain/fulcrum.
- Added pull policies.
Learn how to set up and use your own Bitcoin privacy node with Dojo here.
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@ 32e18276:5c68e245
2025-06-02 20:58:05
Damus OpenSats Grant Q1 2025 Progress Report
This period of the Damus OpenSats grant has been productive, and encompasses the work our beta release of Notedeck. Since we sent our last report on January, this encompasses all the work after then.
Damus Notedeck
We released the Beta version of Notedeck, which has many new features:
Dave
We've added a new AI-powered nostr assistant, similar to Grok on X. We call him Dave.
Dave is integrated with tooling that allows it to query the local relay for posts and profiles:
Search
The beta release includes a fulltext search interface powered by nostrdb:
Zaps
You can now zap with NWC!
And More!
- GIFs!
- Add full screen images, add zoom & pan
- Introduce last note per pubkey feed (experimental)
- Allow multiple media uploads per selection
- Major Android improvements (still wip)
- Added notedeck app sidebar
- User Tagging
- Note truncation
- Local network note broadcast, broadcast notes to other notedeck notes while you're offline
- Mute list support (reading)
- Relay list support
- Ctrl-enter to send notes
- Added relay indexing (relay columns soon)
- Click hashtags to open hashtag timeline
Damus iOS
Work continued on the iOS side. While I was not directly involved in the work since the last report, I have been directing and managing its development.
What's new:
Coinos Wallet + Interface
We've partnered with coinos to enable a one-click, non-KYC lightning wallet!
We now have an NWC wallet interface, and we've re-enabled zaps as per the new appstore guidelines!
Now you can see all incoming and outgoing NWC transactions and start zapping right away.
Enhanced hellthread muting
Damus can now automatically mute hellthreads, instead of having to do that manually.
Drafts
We now locally persist note drafts so that they aren't lost on app restart!
Profile editing enhancements
We now have a profile picture editing tool so that profile pictures are optimized and optionally cropped
Conversations tab
We now have a conversations tab on user profiles, allowing you to see all of your past conversations with that person!
Enhanced push notifications
We've updated our push notifications to include profile pictures, and they are also now grouped by the thread that they came from.
And lots more!
Too many to list here, check out the full changelog
Nostrdb
nostrdb, the engine that powers notecrumbs, damus iOS, and notedeck, continued to improve:
Custom filters
We've added the ability to include custom filtering logic during any nostrdb query. Dave uses this to filter replies from kind1 results to keep the results small and to avoid doing post-processing.
Relay index + queries
There is a new relay index! Now when ingesting notes, you can include extra metadata such as where the note came from. You can use this index to quickly list all of the relays for a particular note, or for relay timelines.
NIP50 profile searches
To assist dave in searching for profiles, we added a new query plan for {kind:0, search:} queries to scan the profile search index.
How money was used
- relay.damus.io server costs
- Living expenses
Next quarter
We're making a strong push to get our Android version released, so that is the main focus for me.
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@ a5ee4475:2ca75401
2025-06-04 15:10:55
[EM ATUALIZAÇÃO]
vacina #saude #politica #manipulacao #mundial #genocidio #pandemia #conspiracao
Este artigo reúne algumas evidências mais antigas que vim registrando durante alguns anos contra a covid, vacinas obrigatórias e a ação de agências de governo, fundações, políticos, mídia tradicional, celebridades, influenciadores, cientistas, redes sociais e laboratórios, em envolvimento com genocídio e restrições de liberdades em escala mundial causado por decisões em várias esferas relativas ao covid e as vacinas obrigatórias em geral.
Porém, alguns links podem não estar mais disponiveis, foram que ainda faltam ser registradas muitas informações já divulgadas nos últimos anos e que não tivemos contato pela escassez de meios para a obtenção dessas informações de forma organizada. Portanto, o presente artigo ainda passará por atualizações de conteúdo e formatação, então se possível ajudem sugerindo com complementos ou alterações.
Explicações iniciais:
- SARS-CoV-2 é que é nome do vírus. Ele que causa a doença Covid-19;
- O coronavírus SARS-CoV-2 é o segundo tipo de SARS-CoV documentado, o primeiro ocorreu entre 2002 e 2003, se originando também da China e também dito como tendo origem animal;
- SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) - Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SRAG) é a uma doença respiratória viral, relatada ser de origem zoonótica (animal), causada pelos coronavírus SARS-CoV (2002) e SARS-CoV-2 (2019), ambos de origem chinesa;
- O termo 'Coronavírus' (COVID) é na verdade um nome genérico para vários vírus de gripes já comuns, dado para o tipo corona (com uma "coroa", 'espetos' ao redor dele), o Sars-Cov-2 (que passou a ser chamado erroneamente só de Covid), é só um deles.
1. Vacinas Obrigatórias em Geral
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Vacinas e autismo em crianças https://publichealthpolicyjournal.com/vaccination-and-neurodevelopmental-disorders-a-study-of-nine-year-old-children-enrolled-in-medicaid/
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O CDC admite que 98 milhões de pessoas receberam o vírus do câncer através da vacina da Poliomielite https://medicinanews.com.br/frente/frente_1/o-cdc-admite-que-98-milhoes-de-pessoas-receberam-o-virus-do-cancer-atraves-da-vacina-poliomielite/
- Fonte original da imagem: https://preventdisease.com/images13/CDC_Polio.png [indisponível]
- Imagem arquivada em: https://web.archive.org/web/20201203231640/"O CDC (Os Centros de Controle e Prevenção de Doenças dos Estados Unidos) removeu rapidamente uma página do seu site, que estava em cache no Google, como você pode ver logo abaixo, admitindo que mais de 98 milhões de americanos receberam uma ou mais doses de vacina contra pólio dentro de 8 período entre 1955 e 1963, quando uma proporção da vacina foi contaminada com um poliomavírus causador de câncer chamado SV40."
27/02/2021 - Por que o Japão demorou para vacinar, mesmo com Olimpíada se aproximando https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/internacional/2021/02/27/por-que-o-japao-demorou-para-vacinar-mesmo-com-olimpiada-se-aproximando
"Desconfiança da população japonesa em relação a vacinas, ligada a casos ocorridos no passado, está entre razões que atrasaram imunização no país.
A resistência à vacina do Japão remonta à década de 1970, quando duas crianças morreram dentro de 24 horas após receberem a vacina combinada contra difteria, tétano e coqueluche (coqueluche). A vacina foi temporariamente suspensa, mas a confiança já havia sido abalada. Por vários anos, as taxas de vacinação infantil caíram, levando a um aumento nos casos de tosse convulsa.
No final dos anos 1980, houve outro susto com a introdução da vacina tripla contra sarampo, caxumba e rubéola produzida no Japão. As primeiras versões do imunizante foram associadas à meningite asséptica, ou inchaço das membranas ao redor do cérebro e da medula espinhal. O problema foi rastreado até o componente caxumba da vacina tripla, o que levou a uma ação judicial e a indenização por danos pesados.
O Instituto Nacional de Ciências da Saúde interrompeu a dose combinada em 1993 e a substituiu por vacinas individuais. Após o escândalo, Shibuya disse que o governo japonês se tornou "ciente dos riscos" e seu programa nacional de vacinação tornou-se voluntário.
O Dr. Yuho Horikoshi, especialista em doenças infecciosas, diz que os processos levaram a uma "lacuna de vacinação", em que nenhuma vacina foi aprovada no Japão por cerca de 15 anos.
Mais recentemente, em 2013, o Japão adicionou a vacina contra o papilomavírus humano (HPV) ao calendário nacional para proteger as meninas contra o vírus sexualmente transmissível, que é conhecido por causar câncer cervical. No entanto, vídeos de meninas supostamente sofrendo de reações adversas começaram a circular no YouTube, levando o governo a retirá-los da programação nacional."
2. PRIMEIRAS OCORRÊNCIAS PREDITIVAS AO COVID-19
2002 - Síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SARS) Brenda L. Tesini (setembro de 2018). Síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SARS) [indisponível]. Manual Merck. Consultado em 23 de janeiro de 2020, citado no Wikipedia
Wikipedia: "A SARS [doença do vírus SARS-CoV] foi detectada na China e entre 2002 e 2003, um surto da doença resultou em mais de 8 000 casos e cerca de 800 mortes em todo o mundo. "
2010 - Fundação Rockfeller, Lockstep. https://www.rockefellerfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/Annual-Report-2010-1.pdf
Neste PDF da fundação Rockfeller, em seu próprio site, a fundação deixou claro o seu envolvimento em casos de ‘contenção’ de pandemias juntamente com a USAID (agência americana com nome ambíguo, como formalmente ‘United States Agency for International Development’, mas soando como ‘US Socorre’, mas sendo um braço do governo democrata que financiava interferências políticas diretas em vários países, como no Brasil: https://www.gazetadopovo.com.br/vida-e-cidadania/quais-ongs-cooperaram-com-moraes-e-sao-alvo-do-congresso-nos-eua/ ), inclusive em relacionadas ao SARS, um vírus muito semelhante ao SEGUNDO tipo de vírus Sars-Cov, o Sars-Cov-2 (o vírus propagado em 2019) e que causa o COVID-19.
Segundo eles:
“Integração entre Regiões e Países
A Fundação Rockefeler investiu US$ 22 milhões em sua Iniciativa de Redes de Vigilância de Doenças para ajudar a conter a disseminação de doenças infecciosas e pandemias, fortalecendo os sistemas nacionais, regionais e globais de vigilância e resposta a doenças. Dois programas-chave da Rockefeler — a Rede de Vigilância de Doenças da Bacia do Mekong e a Rede Integrada de Vigilância de Doenças da África Oriental — conectaram e capacitaram profissionais de saúde, epidemiologistas e autoridades de saúde pública em toda a região, levando a um aumento de seis vezes nos locais de vigilância de doenças transfronteiriças somente nos últimos três anos. Em 2010, a Rockefeler expandiu a bem-sucedida campanha transdisciplinar One Health, que a USAID e o Banco Asiático de Desenvolvimento adotaram como modelos. One Health refere-se à integração da ciência médica e veterinária para combater essas novas variedades de doenças zoonóticas que se movem e sofrem mutações rapidamente de animais para humanos. Essas colaborações criaram e fortaleceram uma rede regional crítica de saúde pública, enquanto as lições aprendidas foram exportadas entre disciplinas e países. Além de fortalecer os laços globais em saúde pública, a Rockefeler ajudou a elevar o nível de especialização e treinamento em campo. O Programa de Treinamento em Epidemiologia de Campo coloca graduados nos mais altos escalões do governo no Laos e no Vietnã, enquanto as bolsas da Rockefeler transformaram as ferramentas disponíveis para os médicos, permitindo-lhes utilizar o poder da internet para se comunicar e monitorar eventos, compreender contextos locais e analisar novos problemas. Finalmente, estamos aplicando ferramentas do século XXI para combater os desafios de saúde do século XXI.”
Julho de 2012 - Revista Mundo Estranho
Houve uma "coincidência", a revista Mundo Estranho em julho de 2012, entrevistou o até então doutorando em virologia, Átila Iamarino (o mesmo cientista que fez diversas propagandas das vacinas no Brasil), para descrever um possível cenário de propagação de uma epidemia viral, a revista descreve com grande precisão os eventos de 2020, mas apontando o oposto da China, em que, na realidade, sua economia cresceu vertiginosamente.
3. PRIMEIROS INDÍCIOS
10/2019 - Evento 201 - Durante os Jogos Militares Internacionais na China https://www.centerforhealthsecurity.org/event201/
Promovido por: - Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation - John Hopkins Institute - Fórum econômico mundial
"O evento simula a liberação de um coronavírus novo do tipo zoonótico transmitido por morcegos para porcos e por fim para humanos. Eventualmente ele se torna muito transmissível entre humanos levando a uma pandemia severa. O vírus é muito parecido com o vírus da SARS, mas se transmite muito mais facilmente entre pessoas devido a sintomas muito mais leves destas."
Também mencionado por: [Jornal Estadão] ( http://patrocinados.estadao.com.br/medialab/releaseonline/releasegeral-releasegeral/geral-johns-hopkins-center-for-health-security-forum-economico-mundial-e-fundacao-bill-melinda-gates-realizam-exercicio-pandemico-e-transmissao-ao-vivo/)
Sobre o "Movimento antivacina"
05/12/2017 - Movimento antivacina: como surgiu e quais consequências ele pode trazer? https://www.uol.com.br/universa/noticias/redacao/2017/12/05/o-que-o-movimento-antivacina-pode-causar.htm?cmpid=copiaecola
23/03/2019 - "Instagram bloqueia hashtags e conteúdo antivacinação" https://canaltech.com.br/redes-sociais/instagram-bloqueia-hashtags-e-conteudo-antivacinacao-135411/
23/05/2021 - Novos dados sobre pesquisadores de Wuhan aumentam debate sobre origens da Covid https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/saude/novos-dados-sobre-pesquisadores-de-wuhan-aumentam-debate-sobre-origens-da-covid/
"A China relatou à Organização Mundial da Saúde que o primeiro paciente com sintomas semelhantes aos de Covid-19 foi registrado em Wuhan em 8 de dezembro de 2019"
01/02/2020 - O que aconteceu desde que o novo coronavírus foi descoberto na China https://exame.com/ciencia/o-que-aconteceu-desde-que-o-novo-coronavirus-foi-descoberto-na-china/
"O primeiro alerta foi recebido pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) em 31 de dezembro de 2019"
15/09/2020 - YouTube diz que vai remover vídeos com mentiras sobre vacina contra COVID-19 https://gizmodo.uol.com.br/youtube-remover-videos-mentiras-vacina-covid-19/
"O YouTube anunciou na quarta-feira (14) que estenderá as regras atuais sobre mentiras, propaganda e teorias da conspiração sobre a pandemia do coronavírus para incluir desinformação sobre as vacinas contra a doença.
De acordo com a Reuters, a gigante do vídeo diz que agora vai proibir conteúdos sobre vacinas contra o coronavírus que contradizem “o consenso de especialistas das autoridades de saúde locais ou da OMS”, como afirmações falsas de que a vacina é um pretexto para colocar chips de rastreamento nas pessoas ou que irá matar ou esterilizar quem tomar."
*07/01/2021 - YouTube vai punir canais que promovem mentiras sobre eleições – incluindo os de Trump https://olhardigital.com.br/2021/01/07/noticias/youtube-vai-punir-canais-que-promovem-mentiras-sobre-eleicoes-incluindo-os-de-trump/
"O YouTube anunciou que vai punir canais que promovem mentiras sobre as eleições, removendo sumariamente qualquer vídeo que contenha desinformação e, ao mesmo tempo, advertindo com um “strike” o canal que o veicular. A medida já está valendo e a primeira “vítima” é ninguém menos que o ex-presidente americano, Donald Trump.
A medida não é exatamente nova, mas foi novamente comunicada e reforçada pelo YouTube na quarta-feira (6), após os eventos de invasão do Capitólio, em Washington, onde o presidente eleito Joe Biden participava da cerimônia que confirmava a sua vitória nas eleições de novembro de 2020. A ocasião ficou marcada pela tentativa de invasão de correligionários de Trump, que entraram no edifício em oposição à nomeação do novo presidente. Uma mulher acabou sendo morta pela polícia que protegia o local.
O ex-presidente Donald Trump teve vídeos banidos de seu canal no YouTube após os eventos de ontem (6) no capitólio."
4. FIGURAS CENTRAIS
Bill Gates
- Bill Gates diz 'não' a abrir patentes de vacinas https://www.frontliner.com.br/bill-gates-diz-nao-a-abrir-patentes-de-vacinas/
"Bill Gates, um dos homens mais ricos do mundo, cuja fundação tem participação na farmacêutica alemã CureVac, produtora de vacina mRNA para prevenção de covid-19, disse não acreditar que a propriedade intelectual tenha algo a ver com o longo esforço global para controlar a pandemia."
João Doria e São Paulo
26/07/2017 - João Dória vai a China conhecer drones para ampliar segurança eletrônica na capital paulista https://jc.ne10.uol.com.br/blogs/jamildo/2017/07/26/joao-doria-vai-china-conhecer-drones-para-ampliar-seguranca-eletronica-na-capital-paulista/
02/08/2019 - Governo de SP fará Missão China para ampliar cooperação e atrair investimentos https://www.saopaulo.sp.gov.br/spnoticias/governo-de-sao-paulo-detalha-objetivos-da-missao-china/
20/11/2019 - Doria se encontra com chineses das gigantes CREC e CRCC e oferece concessões de rodovia, metrô e ferrovia https://diariodotransporte.com.br/2019/11/20/doria-se-encontra-com-chineses-das-gigantes-crec-e-crcc-e-oferece-concessoes-de-rodovia-metro-e-ferrovia/
25/01/2020 - "Chineses serão agressivos" nas privatizações em SP até 2022, afirma Dória https://noticias.uol.com.br/colunas/jamil-chade/2020/01/25/entrevista-joao-doria-privatizacoes-sao-paulo-china.htm
O governador de São Paulo, João Doria, afirma que vai acelerar os programas de desestatização no estado em 2020 e acredita que concessões e vendas poderão permitir uma arrecadação de pelo menos R$ 40 bilhões. Nesse processo, o governador avalia que a China deve atuar de forma agressiva e que aprofundará sua posição de maior parceira comercial do estado, se distanciando de americanos e argentinos.
29/06/2020 - Doria estabelece multa para quem estiver sem máscara na rua em SP https://veja.abril.com.br/saude/doria-estabelece-multa-para-quem-estiver-sem-mascara-na-rua/
24/12/2020 - Doria é flagrado sem máscara e fazendo compras em Miami https://pleno.news/brasil/politica-nacional/doria-e-flagrado-sem-mascara-e-fazendo-compras-em-miami.html
"Foto do governador de São Paulo sem o item de proteção viralizou nas redes"
07/06/2021 - Doria é criticado na internet por tomar sol sem máscara em hotel no Rio https://vejasp.abril.com.br/cidades/doria-e-criticado-na-internet-por-tomar-sol-sem-mascara-em-hotel-no-rio/
30/09/2020 - Governo de SP assina contrato com Sinovac e prevê vacina para dezembro https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/saude/noticia/2020-09/governo-de-sp-assina-contrato-com-sinovac-e-preve-vacina-para-dezembro
O governador de São Paulo, João Doria, e o vice-presidente da laboratório chinês Sinovac, Weining Meng, assinaram hoje (30), um contrato que prevê o fornecimento de 46 milhões de doses da vacina CoronaVac para o governo paulista até dezembro deste ano.
O contrato também prevê a transferência tecnológica da vacina da Sinovac para o Instituto Butantan, o que significa que, o instituto brasileiro poderá começar a fabricar doses dessa vacina contra o novo coronavírus. O valor do contrato, segundo o governador João Doria é de US$ 90 milhões.
20/10/2020 - Coronavac terá mais de 90% de eficácia, afirmam integrantes do governo paulista https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/saude/2020/12/20/coronavac-tera-mais-de-90-de-eficacia-afirmam-integrantes-do-governo
24/10/2020 - Não esperamos 90% de eficácia da Coronavac’, diz secretário de saúde de SP https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/saude/2020/12/24/nao-esperamos-90-de-eficacia-da-coronavac-diz-secretario-de-saude-de-sp
07/01/2021 - Vacina do Butantan: eficácia é de 78% em casos leves e 100% em graves https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/saude/2021/01/07/vacina-do-butantan-eficacia-e-de-78-em-casos-leves-e-100-em-graves
09/01/2021 - Não é hora de sermos tão cientistas como estamos sendo agora https://g1.globo.com/sp/sao-paulo/video/nao-e-hora-de-sermos-tao-cientistas-como-estamos-sendo-agora-diz-secretario-de-saude-de-sp-9166405.ghtml
10/01/2021 - Dados da Coronavac relatados à Anvisa não estão claros, diz médico https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/saude/2021/01/10/dados-da-coronavac-relatados-a-anvisa-nao-estao-claros-diz-medico
"O diretor do Laboratório de Imunologia do Incor, Jorge Kalil, reforçou que faltaram informações sobre a Coronavac nos dados divulgados à Anvisa"
12/01/2021 - New Brazil data shows disappointing 50,4% efficacy for China’s Coronavac vaccine [Novos dados do Brasil mostram eficácia decepcionante de 50,4% para a vacina CoronaVac da China] https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-brazil-coronavirus/new-brazil-data-shows-disappointing-504-efficacy-for-chinas-coronavac-vaccine-idUSKBN29H2CE
13/01/2021 - Eficácia da Coronavac: 50,38%, 78% ou 100%? https://blogs.oglobo.globo.com/lauro-jardim/post/5038-78-ou-100.html
“De acordo com interlocutores que participaram tanto do anúncio de ontem como da semana passada, quem pressionou para que os dados de 78% e 100% fossem liberados foi João Dória.”
07/05/2021 - Covid-19: Doria toma primeira dose da vacina CoronaVac https://veja.abril.com.br/saude/covid-19-doria-toma-primeira-dose-da-vacina-coronavac/
04/06/2021 - Doria é vacinado com a segunda dose da CoronaVac em São Paulo https://noticias.uol.com.br/politica/ultimas-noticias/2021/06/04/doria-e-vacinado-com-a-segunda-dose-da-coronavac-em-sao-paulo.htm
15/07/2021 - Doria testa positivo para a Covid-19 pela 2ª vez https://www.correiobraziliense.com.br/politica/2021/07/4937833-doria-testa-positivo-para-covid-19-pela-segunda-vez.html
"Governador de São Paulo já havia sido diagnosticado com a doença no ano passado. Ele diz que, apesar da infecção, se sente bem, o que atribui ao fato de ter sido vacinado com duas doses da Coronavac"
06/08/2021 - CPI recebe investigação contra Doria por compra de máscara sem licitação https://www.conexaopoder.com.br/nacional/cpi-recebe-investigacao-contra-doria-por-compra-de-mascara-sem-licitacao/150827
"Empresa teria usado o nome de Alexandre Frota para vender máscaras ao governo de SP. Doria nega informação"
Renan Filho
(filho do Renan Calheiros)
25/07/2019 - Governador Renan Filho vai à China em busca de investimentos para o estado https://www.tnh1.com.br/videos/vid/governador-renan-filho-vai-a-china-em-busca-de-investimentos-para-o-estado/
20/03/2020 - Governadores do NE consultam China e pedem material para tratar covid-19 https://noticias.uol.com.br/saude/ultimas-noticias/redacao/2020/03/20/governadores-do-ne-consultam-china-e-pedem-material-para-tratar-covid-19.htm
5. Narrativas, restrições e proibições
17/12/2020 - STF decide que vacina contra a covid pode ser obrigatória, mas não forçada https://noticias.uol.com.br/saude/ultimas-noticias/redacao/2020/12/17/stf-julga-vacinacao-obrigatoria.htm?cmpid=copiaecola
"O STF (Supremo Tribunal Federal) decidiu, em julgamento hoje, que o Estado pode determinar a obrigatoriedade da vacinação contra a covid-19. Porém fica proibido o uso da força para exigir a vacinação, ainda que possam ser aplicadas restrições a direitos de quem recusar a imunização.
Dez ministros foram favoráveis a obrigatoriedade da vacinação, que poderá ser determinada pelo governo federal, estados ou municípios. As penalidades a quem não cumprir a obrigação deverão ser definidas em lei."
27/07/2021 - Saiba que países estão adotando 'passaporte da vacina' para suspender restrições https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/internacional/2021/07/27/saiba-que-paises-estao-adotando-passaporte-da-vacina-para-suspender-restricoes
" - Israel - Uniao Europeia - Áustria - Dinamarca - Eslovênia - França - Grécia - Irlanda - Itália - Letônia - Lituânia - Luxemburgo - Holanda - Portugal - Japão - Coreia do sul"
18/06/2021 - O que é o passaporte da vacina que Bolsonaro quer vetar? https://noticias.uol.com.br/politica/ultimas-noticias/2021/06/18/uol-explica-o-que-e-o-passaporte-da-vacina-que-opoe-bolsonaro-e-damares.htm
"O Brasil poderá ter um certificado de imunização futuramente. Aprovado no Senado na semana passada, o "passaporte da vacina", como é chamado, prevê identificar pessoas vacinadas para que entrem em locais públicos ou privados com possíveis restrições."
6. Vacinas
Alegações iniciais
- CoronaVac, Oxford e Pfizer: veja diferenças entre as vacinas contra covid noticias.uol.com.br/saude/ultimas-noticias/redacao/2021/05/11/diferencas-vacinas-covid-brasil.htm
" - CoronaVac (Butantan/Sinovac - Chinesa) Com virus inativo 50,38% de eficácia 2 doses
-
Covishield - 'AstraZeneca' (Fiocruz/Astrazenica/Oxford - Britânica) Com virus não replicante 67% de eficácia 2 doses
-
ComiRNAty - 'Pfizer' (Pfizer - Americana / BioNTech - Alemã) Com RNA mensageiro 96% de eficácia 2 doses"
Riscos diretos
15/06/2021 - Trombose após vacinação com AstraZeneca: Quais os sintomas e como se deve atuar? https://www.istoedinheiro.com.br/trombose-apos-vacinacao-com-astrazeneca-quais-os-sintomas-e-como-se-deve-atuar/
"Agências europeias estão reticentes com a vacina da AstraZeneca. Ela chegou a ser desaconselhada a pessoas com idade inferior a 60 anos, e um alto funcionário da Agência Europeia de Medicamentos declarou que era melhor deixar de administrar a vacina deste laboratório em qualquer idade quando há alternativas disponíveis, devido aos relatos de trombose após a primeira dose, apesar de raros."
11/05/2021 - CoronaVac, Oxford e Pfizer: veja diferenças entre as vacinas contra covid https://noticias.uol.com.br/saude/ultimas-noticias/redacao/2021/05/11/diferencas-vacinas-covid-brasil.htm
"Na terça-feira (12), o Ministério da Saúde determinou a suspensão da aplicação da vacina de Oxford/AstraZeneca para gestantes e puérperas com comorbidades. A decisão segue recomendação da Anvisa, que apura a morte de uma grávida de 35 anos que tomou o imunizante e teve um AVC (acidente vascular cerebral)."
30/07/2021 - Pfizer representa o mesmo risco de trombose que a Astrazeneca, aponta levantamento https://panoramafarmaceutico.com.br/pfizer-representa-o-mesmo-risco-de-trombose-que-a-astrazeneca-aponta-levantamento/
7. CRIMES
Crimes da Pfizer
18/11/2020 Não listado no google - Os Crimes documentados da produtora de vacinas de Covid - Pfizer [INGLÊS] https://www.dmlawfirm.com/crimes-of-covid-vaccine-maker-pfizer-well-documented/
"A velocidade com que a vacina Covid da Pfizer foi produzida, a ausência de estudos em animais, testes de controle randomizados e outros testes e procedimentos padrão usuais para um novo medicamento são, no mínimo, preocupantes. Além disso, todos os fabricantes de vacinas Covid receberam imunidade legal para quaisquer ferimentos ou mortes que possam causar. Se essas vacinas são tão seguras quanto promovidas, por que seus fabricantes precisam de imunidade geral?"
"A Pfizer, uma empresa farmacêutica que parece ter ganhado na loteria para produzir a primeira vacina Covid-19, está atualmente lutando contra centenas de ações judiciais sobre o Zantac, um popular medicamento contra azia. Os processos da Zantac afirmam que a droga popular pode estar contaminada com uma substância cancerígena chamada N-nitrosodimetilamina (NDMA). Os processos Zantac são em aberto e em andamento, já que a farmacêutica está lutando contra eles; mas a Pfizer, sabemos, cometeu vários crimes ou transgressões pelos quais foi punida nos últimos anos. As falhas da empresa estão bem documentadas e vale a pena revisá-las neste momento crítico da história da humanidade, enquanto todos nós buscamos respostas."
A Pfizer recebeu a maior multa da história dos Estados Unidos como parte de um acordo judicial de US $ 2,3 bilhões com promotores federais por promover medicamentos erroneamente (Bextra, Celebrex) e pagar propinas a médicos complacentes. A Pfizer se confessou culpada de falsificar a marca do analgésico Bextra, promovendo o medicamento para usos para os quais não foi aprovado.
Na década de 1990, a Pfizer estava envolvida em válvulas cardíacas defeituosas que causaram a morte de mais de 100 pessoas. A Pfizer enganou deliberadamente os reguladores sobre os perigos. A empresa concordou em pagar US $ 10,75 milhões para acertar as acusações do departamento de justiça por enganar reguladores.
A Pfizer pagou mais de US $ 60 milhões para resolver um processo sobre o Rezulin, um medicamento para diabetes que causou a morte de pacientes de insuficiência hepática aguda.
No Reino Unido, a Pfizer foi multada em quase € 90 milhões por sobrecarregar o NHS, o Serviço Nacional de Saúde. A Pfizer cobrou do contribuinte um adicional de € 48 milhões por ano, pelo que deveria custar € 2 milhões por ano.
A Pfizer concordou em pagar US $ 430 milhões em 2004 para resolver acusações criminais de que havia subornado médicos para prescrever seu medicamento para epilepsia Neurontin para indicações para as quais não foi aprovado. Em 2011, um júri concluiu que a Pfizer cometeu fraude em sua comercialização do medicamento Neurontin. A Pfizer concordou em pagar $ 142,1 milhões para liquidar as despesas.
A Pfizer revelou que pagou quase 4.500 médicos e outros profissionais médicos cerca de US $ 20 milhões por falar em nome da Pfizer.
Em 2012, a Comissão de Valores Mobiliários dos Estados Unidos - anunciou que havia chegado a um acordo de US $ 45 milhões com a Pfizer para resolver acusações de que suas subsidiárias haviam subornado médicos e outros profissionais de saúde no exterior para aumentar as vendas no exterior.
A Pfizer foi processada em um tribunal federal dos Estados Unidos por usar crianças nigerianas como cobaias humanas, sem o consentimento dos pais das crianças. A Pfizer pagou US $ 75 milhões para entrar em acordo no tribunal nigeriano pelo uso de um antibiótico experimental, o Trovan, nas crianças. A empresa pagou um valor adicional não divulgado nos Estados Unidos para liquidar as despesas aqui. A Pfizer violou o direito internacional, incluindo a Convenção de Nuremberg estabelecida após a Segunda Guerra Mundial, devido aos experimentos nazistas em prisioneiros relutantes.
Em meio a críticas generalizadas de roubar os países pobres em busca de drogas, a Pfizer prometeu dar US $ 50 milhões para um medicamento para a AIDS para a África do Sul. Mais tarde, no entanto, a Pfizer falhou em honrar essa promessa.
- Pfizer contract leaked!
[Contrato da Pfizer vazado]
http://sanjeev.sabhlokcity.com/Misc/LEXO-KONTRATEN-E-PLOTE.pdf
Segundo o contrato "o produto não deve ser serializado":
"5.5 Reconhecimento do comprador.
O Comprador reconhece que a Vacina e os materiais relacionados à Vacina, e seus componentes e materiais constituintes estão sendo desenvolvidos rapidamente devido às circunstâncias de emergência da pandemia de COVID-19 e continuarão a ser estudados após o fornecimento da Vacina ao Comprador nos termos deste Contrato. O Comprador reconhece ainda que os efeitos de longo prazo e eficácia da Vacina não são atualmente conhecidos e que pode haver efeitos adversos da Vacina que não são atualmente conhecidos. Além disso, na medida do aplicável, o Comprador reconhece que o Produto não deve ser serializado."
Crimes da AstraZeneca
21/06/2003 - AstraZeneca se declara culpada no esquema de médico de câncer https://www.nytimes.com/2003/06/21/business/astrazeneca-pleads-guilty-in-cancer-medicine-scheme.html
"A AstraZeneca, a grande empresa farmacêutica, se declarou culpada hoje de uma acusação de crime de fraude no sistema de saúde e concordou em pagar $ 355 milhões para resolver as acusações criminais e civis de que se envolveu em um esquema nacional para comercializar ilegalmente um medicamento contra o câncer de próstata.
O governo disse que os funcionários da empresa deram incentivos financeiros ilegais a cerca de 400 médicos em todo o país para persuadi-los a prescrever o medicamento Zoladex. Esses incentivos incluíram milhares de amostras grátis de Zoladex [...]"
27/04/2010 - Farmacêutica gigante AstraZeneca pagará US $ 520 milhões pelo marketing de medicamentos off-label https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/pharmaceutical-giant-astrazeneca-pay-520-million-label-drug-marketing
"AstraZeneca LP e AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP vão pagar $ 520 milhões para resolver as alegações de que a AstraZeneca comercializou ilegalmente o medicamento antipsicótico Seroquel para usos não aprovados como seguros e eficazes pela Food and Drug Administration (FDA), os Departamentos de Justiça e Saúde e Serviços Humanos A Equipe de Ação de Fiscalização de Fraudes em Saúde (HEAT) anunciou hoje. Esses usos não aprovados também são conhecidos como usos "off-label" porque não estão incluídos no rótulo do medicamento aprovado pela FDA."
- List of largest pharmaceutical settlements [Lista dos maiores acordos farmaceuticos] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_largest_pharmaceutical_settlements
8. CIENTISTAS
- Máscara Provoca Insuficiência Respiratória E Contaminação Microbiana… [Canal deletado] https://youtube.com/watch?v=eHu-pydSvDI
Não lembro mais a quem pertencia, mas provavelmente era de um médico falando do assunto. Creio ter sido do Dr. Paulo Sato, por essa temática ter sido abordada por ele, mas ao abrir o site aparece somente:
"Este vídeo foi removido por violar as diretrizes da comunidade do YouTube"
Dr. Paulo Sato
- USAR ou NÃO USAR a CUECA do seu governador no rosto https://fb.watch/7NPP_7rS5S/ https://www.facebook.com/AdoniasSoaresBR/videos/1347904292291481/ Adonias Soares entrevista ao Dr. Paulo Sato sobre as máscaras, em que é simulado o efeito da respiração prolongada das máscaras no organismo com o uso de águas de torneira, natural, gaseificada (com gás carbônico) e antioxidante, em que a com gás carbônico (PH 4 - Ácido) representa o organismo humano, e na prática representa lesão corporal e iniciação de doenças.
Dr. Kary Mullis
(Criador do teste PCR)
- PCR nas palavras do seu inventor - Dr. Kary Mullis (legendado) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W1O52uTygk8
"Qualquer um pode testar positivo para quase qualquer coisa com um teste de PCR, se você executá-lo por tempo suficiente… Com PCR, se voce fizer isso bem, você pode encontrar quase tudo em qualquer pessoa… Isso não te diz que você está doente."
- Kary Mullis DESTRUYE a Anthony Fauci lbry://@CapitalistChile#0/Kary-Mullis---Fauci#5
"Ele [...] não entende de medicina e não deveria estar onde está. A maioria dos que estão acima são só administrativos e não têm nem ideia do que ocorre aqui em baixo e essas pessoas tem uma agenda que não é a que gostaríamos que tivessem, dado que somos nós os que pagamos a eles para que cuidem da nossa saúde. Têm uma agenda pessoal."
Dra. Li-Meng Yan
- Dra. Li-Meng Yan: O vírus foi criado em laboratório com um objetivo: Causar dano. https://youtu.be/pSXp3CZnvOc
Dr. Joe Roseman
- Cientista Phd Dr Joe Roseman faz seríssimas advertencias sobre a picada https://youtu.be/0PIXVFqJ_h8
Dr. Robert Malone
- As vacinas podem estar causando ADE - Dr. Robert Malone https://odysee.com/@AkashaComunidad:f/Las_vacunas_pueden_estar_causando_ADE_magnificaci%C3%B3n_mediada_por:f lbry://@Información.#b/Drrm#9
Dr. Robert Malone, um dos três inventores da tecnologia de RNAm que se usa de forma farmacêutica. No vídeo fala sobre os efeitos de ADE (realce dependente de anticorpos) que estão ocorrendo com as vacinas. Nas palavras do Dr. Malone, já não é somente uma hipótese, mas baseada nos conhecimentos gerados nas provas e ensaios pré clínicos, com as vacinas contra o primeiro vírus da SARS.
Dr. Luc Montagnier
- Dr. Luc Montagnier, virologista, prêmio Nobel de medicina, um dos descobridores do vírus HIV, afirma: "a vacinação em massa está criando as novas variantes' (@medicospelavida , telegram)
CASOS DOCUMENTADOS
13 de setembro de 2021 - 13/09/2021 - Carta aberta ao Ministro da Saúde por Arlene Ferrari Graf, mãe de Bruno Oscar Graf https://telegra.ph/Carta-aberta-ao-Ministro-da-Sa%C3%BAde-09-13
Também em: Gazeta do Povo
O texto de uma mãe discorrendo sobre o filho dela, Bruno Oscar Graf, ter ANTI-HEPARINA PF4 AUTO-IMUNE e ter vindo a falecer por reação à vacina.
11/05/2021 - Rio notifica morte de grávida vacinada com imunizante Oxford https://www.terra.com.br/noticias/coronavirus/rio-notifica-morte-de-gravida-vacinada-com-imunizante-oxford,415b9b0c49169427ac2f90ae3765c057e9suy3qn.html
"Vítima não apresentava histórico de doença circulatória nem sofria de nenhuma doença viral; relação será investigada"
13/08/2021 - Cruzeiro com 4.336 pessoas tem 27 contaminados com Covid-19 em Belize https://paranaportal.uol.com.br/geral/cruzeiro-com-4-336-pessoas-tem-27-contaminados-com-covid-19-em-belize/amp/
"Segundo um comunicado do Conselho de Turismo de Belize emitido na quarta-feira (11), 26 contaminados são da tripulação e um é passageiro. A maioria é assintomática e os 27 estão vacinados."
9. ALEGAÇÕES DIRETAS
Setembro de 2021 - 09/2021 - BOMBA: Ex-membro do Partido Comunista da China revela que o primeiro surto da Covid foi “intencional” https://terrabrasilnoticias.com/2021/09/bomba-ex-membro-do-partido-comunista-da-china-revela-que-o-primeiro-surto-da-covid-foi-intencional/