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@ a5ee4475:2ca75401
2025-06-04 18:11:52clients #link #list #english #article #finalversion #descentralismo
*These clients are generally applications on the Nostr network that allow you to use the same account, regardless of the app used, keeping your messages and profile intact.
**However, you may need to meet certain requirements regarding access and account NIP for some clients, so that you can access them securely and use their features correctly.
CLIENTS
Twitter like
- Nostrmo - [source] 🌐💻(🐧🪟🍎)🍎🤖(on zapstore)
- Coracle - Super App [source] 🌐🤖(on zapstore)
- Amethyst - Super App with note edit, delete and other stuff with Tor [source] 🤖(on zapstore)
- Primal - Social and wallet [source] 🌐🍎🤖(on zapstore)
- Iris - [source] 🌐🤖🍎
- Current - [source] 🤖🍎
- FreeFrom 🤖🍎
- Openvibe - Nostr and others (new Plebstr) [source] 🤖🍎
- Snort 🌐(🤖[early access]) [onion] [source]
- Damus 🍎 [source]
- Nos 🍎 [source]
- Nostur 🍎 [source]
- NostrBand 🌐 [info] [source]
- Yana [source] 🌐💻(🐧) 🍎🤖(on zapstore)
- Nostribe [on development] 🌐 [source]
- Lume 💻(🐧🪟🍎) [info] [source]
- Gossip - [source] 💻(🐧🪟🍎)
- noStrudel - Gamified Experience [onion] [info/source] 🌐
- [Nostrudel Next] - [onion]
- moStard - Nostrudel with Monero [onion] [info/source] 🌐
- Camelus - [source] 🤖 [early access]
Community
- CCNS - Community Curated Nostr Stuff [source]
- Nostr Kiwi [creator] 🌐
- Satellite [info] 🌐
- Flotilla - [source] 🌐🐧🤖(on zapstore)
- Chachi - [source] 🌐
- Futr - Coded in haskell [source] 🐧 (others soon)
- Soapbox - Comunnity server [info] [source] 🌐
- Ditto - Soapbox community server 🌐 [source] 🌐
- Cobrafuma - Nostr brazilian community on Ditto [info] 🌐
- Zapddit - Reddit like [source] 🌐
- Voyage (Reddit like) [on development] 🤖
Wiki
- Wikifreedia - Wiki Dark mode [source] 🌐
- Wikinostr - Wiki with tabs clear mode [source] 🌐
- Wikistr - Wiki clear mode [info] [source] 🌐
Search
- Keychat - Signal-like chat with AI and browser [source] 💻(🐧🪟🍎) - 📱(🍎🤖{on zapstore})
- Spring - Browser for Nostr apps and other sites [source] 🤖 (on zapstore)
- Advanced nostr search - Advanced note search by isolated terms related to a npub profile [source] 🌐
- Nos Today - Global note search by isolated terms [info] [source] 🌐
- Nostr Search Engine - API for Nostr clients [source]
- Ntrends - Trending notes and profiles 🌐
Website
- Nsite - Nostr Site [onion] [info] [source]
- Nsite Gateway - Nostr Site Gateway [source]
- Npub pro - Your site on Nostr [source]
App Store
ZapStore - Permitionless App Store [source] 🤖 💻(🐧🍎)
Video and Live Streaming
- Flare - Youtube like 🌐 [source]
- ZapStream - Lives, videos, shorts and zaps (NIP-53) [source] 🌐 🤖(lives only | Amber | on zapstore)
- StreamCat - [source code dont found]
- Shosho - Stream your camera [source] 🤖(on zapstore)
- Swae - Live streaming [source] (on development) ⏳
Post Aggregator - Kinostr - Nostr Cinema with #kinostr [english] [author] 🌐 - Stremstr - Nostr Cinema with #kinostr [english] [source] 🤖
Link Agreggator - Kinostr - #kinostr - Nostr Cinema Profile with links [English] - Equinox - Nostr Cinema Community with links [Portuguese]
Audio and Podcast Transmission
- Castr - Your npub as podcast feed [source]
- Nostr Nests - Audio Chats [source] 🌐
- Fountain - Podcast [source] 🤖🍎
- Corny Chat - Audio Chat [source] 🌐
Music
- Tidal - Music Streaming [source] [about] [info] 🤖🍎🌐
- Wavlake - Music Streaming [source] 🌐(🤖🍎 [early access])
- Tunestr - Musical Events [source] [about] 🌐
- Stemstr - Musical Colab (paid to post) [source] [about] 🌐
Images
- Lumina - Trending images and pictures [source] 🌐
- Pinstr - Pinterest like [source] 🌐
- Slidestr - DeviantArt like [source] 🌐
- Memestr - ifunny like [source] 🌐
Download and Upload
Documents, graphics and tables
- Mindstr - Mind maps [source] 🌐
- Docstr - Share Docs [info] [source] 🌐
- Formstr - Share Forms [info] 🌐
- Sheetstr - Share Spreadsheets [source] 🌐
- Slide Maker - Share slides 🌐 [Advice: Slide Maker https://zaplinks.lol/ site is down]
Health
- Sobrkey - Sobriety and mental health [source] 🌐
- Runstr - Running app [source] 🌐
- NosFabrica - Finding ways for your health data 🌐
- LazerEyes - Eye prescription by DM [source] 🌐
Forum
- OddBean - Hacker News like [info] [source] 🌐
- LowEnt - Forum [info] 🌐
- Swarmstr - Q&A / FAQ [info] 🌐
- Staker News - Hacker News like 🌐 [info]
Direct Messenges (DM)
- 0xchat 🤖🍎 [source]
- Nostr Chat 🌐🍎 [source]
- Blowater 🌐 [source]
- Anigma (new nostrgram) - Telegram based [on development] [source]
Reading
- Oracolo - A minimalist Nostr html blog [source]
- nRSS - Nostr RSS reader 🌐
- Highlighter - Insights with a highlighted read [info] 🌐
- Zephyr - Calming to Read [info] 🌐
- Flycat - Clean and Healthy Feed [info] 🌐
- Nosta - Check Profiles [on development] [info] 🌐
- Alexandria - e-Reader and Nostr Knowledge Base (NKB) [source] 🌐
Writing
- Habla - Blog [info] 🌐
- Blogstack - Blog [info]🌐
- YakiHonne - Articles and News [info] 🌐🍎🤖(on zapstore)
Lists
- Following - Users list [source] 🌐
- Nostr Unfollower - Nostr Unfollower
- Listr - Lists [source] 🌐
- Nostr potatoes - Movies List [source] 💻(numpy)
Market and Jobs
- Shopstr - Buy and Sell [onion] [source] 🌐
- Nostr Market - Buy and Sell 🌐
- Plebeian Market - Buy and Sell [source] 🌐
- Ostrich Work - Jobs [source] 🌐
- Nostrocket - Jobs [source] 🌐
Data Vending Machines - DVM (NIP90)
(Data-processing tools)
Games
- Chesstr - Chess 🌐 [source]
- Jestr - Chess [source] 🌐
- Snakestr - Snake game [source] 🌐
- Snakes on a Relay - Multiplayer Snake game like slither.io [source] 🌐
ENGINES - DEG Mods - Decentralized Game Mods [info] [source] 🌐 - NG Engine - Nostr Game Engine [source] 🌐 - JmonkeyEngine - Java game engine [source] 🌐
Customization
Like other Services
- Olas - Instagram like [source] 🌐🍎🤖(on zapstore)
- Nostree - Linktree like 🌐
- Rabbit - TweetDeck like [info] 🌐
- Zaplinks - Nostr links 🌐
- Omeglestr - Omegle-like Random Chats [source] 🌐
General Uses
- Njump - HTML text gateway source 🌐
- Filestr - HTML midia gateway [source] 🌐
- W3 - Nostr URL shortener [source] 🌐
- Playground - Test Nostr filters [source] 🌐
Places
- Wherostr - Travel and show where you are
- Arc Map (Mapstr) - Bitcoin Map [info]
Driver and Delivery
- RoadRunner - Uber like [on development] ⏱️
- Nostrlivery - iFood like [on development] ⏱️
⚠️ SCAM ⚠️ | Arcade City - Uber like [source]
OTHER STUFF
Lightning Wallets (zap)
- Wallet of Satoshi - Simplest Lightning Wallet [info] 🤖🍎
- Coinos - Web wallet and Nostr client [source] 🌐
- Alby - Native and extension [info] [source] 🌐
- Minibits - Cashu mobile wallet [info] 🤖
- LNbits - App and extension [source] 🤖🍎💻
- Zeus - [info] [source] 🤖🍎
- Blink - Open source custodial wallet (KYC over 1000 usd) [source] 🤖🍎
⚠️ ZBD - Zap Gaming wallet and no more Social [closed source] [info] [some resources] 🤖 ⚠️ ZBD suddenly canceled my account for alleged Terms of Service violations, gives me no explanation and won't let me withdraw my money ⚠️
Without Zap - Wassabi Wallet - Privacy-focused and non-custodial with Nostr Update Manager [source]
Exchange
Media Server (Upload Links)
audio, image and video
Connected with Nostr (NIP):
- Nostr Build - Free and paid Upload [info] [source] 🌐
- NostrMedia - Written in Go with Nip 96 / Blossom (free and paid) [info] [source]
- Nostr Check - [info] [source] 🌐
- NostPic - [info] [source] 🌐
- Sovbit - Free and paid upload [info] [source] 🌐
- Voidcat - Nip-96 and Blossom [source] 🌐
- Primal Media - Primal Media Uploader [source] 🌐
Blossom - Your Media Safer
- Primal Blossom 🌐
- NostrBuild Blossom - Free upload (max 100MiB) and paid [info] [source] 🌐
Paid Upload Only
- Satellite CDN - prepaid upload (max 5GB each) [info] [source] 🌐
Without Nostr NIP:
- Pomf - Upload larger videos (max 1GB) [source]
- Catbox - max 200 MB [source]
- x0 - max 512 MiB [source]
Donation and payments
- Zapper - Easy Zaps [source] 🌐
- Autozap [source] 🌐
- Zapmeacoffee 🌐
- Nostr Zap 💻(numpy)
- Creatr - Creators subscription 🌐
- Geyzer - Crowdfunding [info] [source] 🌐
- Heya! - Crowdfunding [source]
Security
- Secret Border - Generate offline keys 💻(java)
- Umbrel - Your private relay [source] 🌐
Key signing/login and Extension
- Amber - Key signing [source] 🤖(on zapstore)
- Nowser - Account access keys 📱(🤖🍎) 💻(🐧🍎🪟)
- Nos2x - Account access keys 🌐
- Nsec.app 🌐 [info]
- Lume - [info] [source] 🐧🪟🍎
- Satcom - Share files to discuss - [info] 🌐
- KeysBand - Multi-key signing [source] 🌐
Code
- Stacks - AI Templates [info] [source] 🌐
- Nostrify - Share Nostr Frameworks 🌐
- Git Workshop (github like) [experimental] 🌐
- Gitstr (github like) [on development] ⏱️
- Osty [on development] [info] 🌐
- Python Nostr - Python Library for Nostr
- Sybil - Creating, managing and test Nostr events [on development] ⏱️
Relay Check and Cloud
- Nostr Watch - See your relay speed 🌐
- NosDrive - Nostr Relay that saves to Google Drive
Bidges and Getways
- Matrixtr Bridge - Between Matrix & Nostr
- Mostr - Between Nostr & Fediverse
- Nostrss - RSS to Nostr
- Rsslay - Optimized RSS to Nostr [source]
- Atomstr - RSS/Atom to Nostr [source]
Useful Profiles and Trends
nostr-voice - Voice note (just some clients)
NOT RELATED TO NOSTR
Voca - Text-to-Speech App for GrapheneOS [source] 🤖(on zapstore)
Android Keyboards
Personal notes and texts
Front-ends
- Nitter - Twitter / X without your data [source]
- NewPipe - Youtube, Peertube and others, without account & your data [source] 🤖
- Piped - Youtube web without you data [source] 🌐
Other Services
- Brave - Browser [source]
- DuckDuckGo - Search [source]
- LLMA - Meta - Meta open source AI [source]
- DuckDuckGo AI Chat - Famous AIs without Login [source]
- Proton Mail - Mail [source]
Other open source index: Degoogled Apps
Some other Nostr index on:
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@ d9a329af:bef580d7
2025-06-04 18:09:31
This one is rather straightforward today, as I wanted to write something on the software I personally use in my day-to-day musical composition deal, depending on what needs to be done. I want to go a little in depth in this regard, so bear with me on this one.
For the first stop on this libreware-riddled pilgramage, the operating system.
There are two I'll be mentioning: one for beginners, and the one I use on a day-to-day basis (my daily driver).
- Linux Mint
- Fun Fact: This was my longest-running daily driver for a while (over a year or two and some change) before I switched to my current one (based upon Arch, an advanced distro)
- Beginner friendly (based upon Ubuntu, Debian if using LMDE)
- Usually works OOTB when it's set up for music production (with some exceptions on some software)
- Versatile multimedia distribution (gaming, music, art, creative writing, etc.)
- Software is old, but the distro is rock-solid.
Linux Mint... the classic choice for a popular distro aimed at GNU/Linux beginners. It's the most popular of them all, especially when it comes to Snap-free protest distros (Pop_OS! is another one that's Snap-free), and the most popular in general. It's a general-purpose OS aimed at easing beginners into Linux, and the wider FLOSS community (FLOSS is an acronym for Free/Libre Open-Source Software) of software made available using licensed like GPL, MIT, MPL, Apache-2, BSD, WTFPL, and many more of the like.
I would personally recommend the Debian Edition (LMDE) and use the Debian Testing repositories if you want up-to-date software, and not bleeding edge for APT (the package manager in Debian and Ubuntu). It will be much easier to learn how to add software repositories with a couple commands in the terminal that way, and this knowledge will transcend if you decide to move to vanilla Debian. However, if you want the Cinnamon Desktop Environment, Linux Mint is a good choice, as its developers are behind Cinnamon (It has the looks of Windows Vista, which is why it's so familiar for those switching from Windows). However, there isn't too much software in the Mint, Debian and Ubuntu repos, which is a bummer (you can just find community-maintained repos or build software from source if you have the know-how).
- CachyOS
- Fun Fact: It's my current daily driver (if you couldn't tell by now).
- Arch-based distribution focused on content creation (vibe emanation as some Nostriches call it), gaming and other multimedia work
- Optimized repositories depending on the CPU architecture family (I have V3 repos enabled, since I use a CPU that supports V3)
- Bleeding edge of software packaging
- Packages (both official and community maintained) out the wazoo (80k+ packages in the AUR [Arch User Repository], with some AUR packages in binary form thanks to the Chaotic AUR repo)
CachyOS... the gamer's Arch that even beats out the likes of EndeavourOS and Garuda Linux (both Arch-based gaming distros). This is thanks in part to the optimizations made to vanilla Arch (especially the optimized repositories based upon what CPU you have installed) among many other things done to it under the hood. However, while it is fantastic for gaming, the other multimedia performances are quite a sight to behold, especially since anybody worth their salt is using almost exclusively FLOSS to make things easier for yourself to escape the grasp of incompetent fools that we call politicians. Using Linux, FLOSS and GrapheneOS (the only acceptable AOSP ROM) will help you kickstart your journey to privacy, security and proper OPSEC protocols so you don't get sucked into the proprietary software matrix (which I explained in this article).
As a Linux user with almost 5 years of experience, it's hard for me to go back to proprietary stuff. After all, with the advancement in weaponized and centralized AI on the rise, I wanted to seriously get myself out of that (which is why I used almost exclusively FLOSS for the past 4+ years). Enough about that already, let's get into the software required for you to make music... oh wait, I'm talking about myself here. Whoops....
Now that the operating system is out of the way, let's get into the actual software I use to make music:
- Ardour (DAW)
- x42 Plugins (General Purpose Plugin Suite)
- LSP PLugins (General Purpose Plugin Suite)
- Sfizz (SFZ player)
- Dragonfly Reverb (Reverberation Plugin Suite)
- DeBess (Airwindows De-Esser)
- Noise Repellant (Noise Gate)
- Guitarix and GX Plugins (Guitar Pedalboard Simulation)
- Vital (Synth Plugin)
- Surge XT (Synth Plugin) [Unused]
- EQ10Q (No longer usable)
- CALF Plugins (No Longer Usable)
- DSK SF2 (I used this due to ACE Fluid Synth acting like a turd)
- DR-84 (Proprietary Drum Machine Plugin [Winblows])
These are the primary pieces of software that I use to make music on Linux, with the description as shown above. This article would be too long anyway if I were to explain them, so I'll leave that here.
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@ 0b65f96a:7fda4c8f
2025-06-04 18:07:06
Es gibt Bibliotheken voll Literatur zur „Kunst“ der Kriegsführung. Dies hier ist ein Beitrag zu den Bibliotheken der Kunst Frieden zu führen. Denn Frieden ist nicht die Abwesenheit von Krieg. Sondern eine mindestens ebenso intensive Aktivität. Worin genau besteht sie aber? Ich glaube darin, weder nach der einen noch nach der anderen Seite vom Hochseil zu fallen. Denn vom Hochseil kann man immer nach zwei Seiten fallen. Das ist dann auch schon die Kernherausforderung: Gleichgewichthalten!
Es scheint zunächst ein ganz äußerlicher Auftrag. Es gibt immer und wird immer widerstreitende Interessen geben. Allerdings ist das nur die äußerste Zwiebelschale. Denn wenn wir die Sache etwas mit Abstand von uns selbst betrachten, werden wir in uns hinein verwiesen: Frieden kann nur von innen nach außen gestiftet werden. Wenn wir das Hochseil in uns suchen, was finden wir dann? – Zweifels ohne, wissen wir von uns, dass wir nicht jeden Tag unser bestes Selbst sind. Würde es sich nicht lohnen etwas genauer über die Möglichkeit nach zwei Seiten vom Hochseil zu fallen nachzudenken, zugunsten der eigenen Balancierfähigkeit?
Wir sind daran gewöhnt zu denken dem Guten steht das Böse gegenüber. Daraus ziehen ja alle Western und Martial Arts Streifen ihren Plot: Der Gute bringt den Bösen um die Ecke und damit hat wieder mal das Gute gesiegt. Wir bewerten das „um die Ecke bringen“ unterschiedlich, je nach dem, von wem es kommt.
Ich möchte einen neuen Gedanken vorschlagen über unser Inneres, über Gut und Böse nachzudenken. Denn, wie gesagt, vom Hochseil kann man nach zwei Seiten fallen. Und es hat immer drastische Wirkung. Wo kommen wir also hin, wenn wir sagen: Frieden ist immer ein Gleichgewichtszustand, ergo eine Zeit der Mitte?
Sagen wir Toleranz ist ein erstrebenswertes Ideal. Dann würden wir sicher sagen Engstirnigkeit ist das Gegenteil davon und alles andere als Wünschenswert. Ja, so ist es gewiss. Und es bleibt hinzuzufügen, auch Beliebigkeit ist das Gegenteil von Toleranz. Denn es gibt eine Grenze, wo Toleranz nicht mehr Toleranz ist, sondern Beliebigkeit, ein „alles ist möglich“. Ähnlich können wir es für Großzügigkeit denken: Großzügigkeit ist ein erstrebenswertes Ideal. Ihr Gegenteil ist Geiz. Ihr anderes Gegenteil die Verschwendung. Oder Mut. Mut ist ein erstrebenswertes Ideal. Feigheit sein Gegenteil. Sein anderes Gegenteil ist Leichtsinn. Mit andern Worten: Das Ideal wird immer zum Hochseil. Und wir können immer nach zwei Seiten von ihm fallen. Wenn wir diesem Gedanken folgen, kommen wir weg von der Gut-Böse-Dualität. Und stattdessen zur Frage nach dem Gleichgewicht. Zur Frage nach der Mittezeit.
Natürlich steht es uns frei all das zu denken. Oder auch nicht zu denken. Denn selbstverständlich ist es möglich es nicht zu denken und bei einer Dualitätsvorstellung festhängen zu bleiben. Es wird uns nur nicht helfen Frieden zu denken und in Frieden zu handeln. Wenn wir wollen können wir durch das Aufspannen einer Trinität einen neuen Raum eröffnen und betreten. In ihm wird Frieden aktiv führbar, denn er wird eine Gleichgewichtssituation in uns selbst! – Nicht eine, sich einander gegenüberstehender äußerer Mächte!
Gehen wir noch einen Schritt weiter in unserer Betrachtung, können wir feststellen, dass es durchaus einen Unterschied macht nach welcher Seite wir runter fallen. Denn auf der einen Seite ist es immer eine Verengung: Engstirnigkeit, Geiz, Feigheit in unseren Beispielen. Auf der anderen ist es immer eine Zersplitterung oder Versprühung. In unseren Beispielen Beliebigkeit, Verschwendung und Leichtsinn. Und das erstrebenswerte ist eben immer die Mitte, das von uns ständig aktualisierte Gleichgewicht.
Das interessante ist, wo diese Mitte liegt, lässt sich niemals statisch festlegen. Sie ist immer dynamisch. Denn sie kann zu unterschiedlichen Momenten an unterschiedlicher Stelle liegen. Es ist immer ein Ich, das sich in Geistesgegenwart neu ausbalanciert. Und darum ist Frieden so schwer. Wir werden ihn niemals „haben“, sondern ihm immer entgegen gehen.
Der Kriegsruf ist nichts anderes, als ein Versuch von denen, die vom Hochseil gefallen sind, uns auch herunter zu kicken.
Netter Versuch. Wird aber nichts!
In der Nussschale: Die Dualität auflösen in die Trinität der balancierenden Mitte zwischen der Geste der Versteinerung und der Geste des Zerstäubens oder Zersplitterns. Die dynamische Qualität der Mitte bemerken. Oder, tun wir es nicht, ist das gleich der erste Anstoß, der uns wieder zum Wackeln bringt. Und des Ich´s gewahr werden, das balanciert. Frieden führen ist eine Kunst.
Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben.
Patric I. Vogt, geb. 1968 in Mainz. Autor von „Zukunft beginnt im Kopf Ein Debattenbeitrag zur Kernsanierung von Rechtsstaat und Demokratie“. Lebt als freischaffender Künstler, Lehrer und Unternehmer. Über drei Jahrzehnte Beschäftigung mit dem Ideenfeld soziale #Dreigliederung und Anthroposophie. Moderation und Mediation von sozialen Prozessen und Organisationsentwicklung. Staatlich ungeprüft, abgesehen von den Fahrerlaubnissen zu Land und zu Wasser. Motto: Gedanken werden Worte, werden Taten! www.perspektivenwechsel.social
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@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 18:03:00
I often hear "bitcoin doesn't interest me, I'm not a finance person."
Ironically, the beauty of sound money is you don't have to be. In the current system you're expected to manage a diversified investment portfolio or pay someone to do it. Bitcoin will make that optional.
— ODELL (@ODELL) September 16, 2018
At first glance bitcoin often appears overwhelming to newcomers. It is incredibly easy to get bogged down in the details of how it works or different ways to use it. Enthusiasts, such as myself, often enjoy going down the deep rabbit hole of the potential of bitcoin, possible pitfalls and theoretical scenarios, power user techniques, and the developer ecosystem. If your first touch point with bitcoin is that type of content then it is only natural to be overwhelmed. While it is important that we have a thriving community of bitcoiners dedicated to these complicated tasks - the true beauty of bitcoin lies in its simplicity. Bitcoin is simply better money. It is the best money we have ever had.
Life is complicated. Life is hard. Life is full of responsibility and surprises. Bitcoin allows us to focus on our lives while relying on a money that is simple. A money that is not controlled by any individual, company, or government. A money that cannot be easily seized or blocked. A money that cannot be devalued at will by a handful of corrupt bureaucrat who live hundreds of miles from us. A money that can be easily saved and should increase in purchasing power over time without having to learn how to "build a diversified stock portfolio" or hire someone to do it for us.
Bitcoin enables all of us to focus on our lives - our friends and family - doing what we love with the short time we have on this earth. Time is scarce. Life is complicated. Bitcoin is the most simple aspect of our complicated lives. If we spend our scarce time working then we should be able to easily save that accrued value for future generations without watching the news or understanding complicated financial markets. Bitcoin makes this possible for anyone.
Yesterday was Mother's Day. Raising a human is complicated. It is hard, it requires immense personal responsibility, it requires critical thinking, but mothers figure it out, because it is worth it. Using and saving bitcoin is simple - simply install an app on your phone. Every mother can do it. Every person can do it.
Life is complicated. Life is beautiful. Bitcoin is simple.
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 18:02:58
Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.
- The latest firmware updates for COLDCARD devices introduce two major features: COLDCARD Co-sign (CCC) and Key Teleport between two COLDCARD Q devices using QR codes and/or NFC with a website.
What's new
- COLDCARD Co-Sign: When CCC is enabled, a second seed called the Spending Policy Key (Key C) is added to the device. This seed works with the device's Main Seed and one or more additional XPUBs (Backup Keys) to form 2-of-N multisig wallets.
- The spending policy functions like a hardware security module (HSM), enforcing rules such as magnitude and velocity limits, address whitelisting, and 2FA authentication to protect funds while maintaining flexibility and control, and is enforced each time the Spending Policy Key is used for signing.
- When spending conditions are met, the COLDCARD signs the partially signed bitcoin transaction (PSBT) with the Main Seed and Spending Policy Key for fund access. Once configured, the Spending Policy Key is required to view or change the policy, and violations are denied without explanation.
"You can override the spending policy at any time by signing with either a Backup Key and the Main Seed or two Backup Keys, depending on the number of keys (N) in the multisig."
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A step-by-step guide for setting up CCC is available here.
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Key Teleport for Q devices allows users to securely transfer sensitive data such as seed phrases (words, xprv), secure notes and passwords, and PSBTs for multisig. It uses QR codes or NFC, along with a helper website, to ensure reliable transmission, keeping your sensitive data protected throughout the process.
- For more technical details, see the protocol spec.
"After you sign a multisig PSBT, you have option to “Key Teleport” the PSBT file to any one of the other signers in the wallet. We already have a shared pubkey with them, so the process is simple and does not require any action on their part in advance. Plus, starting in this firmware release, COLDCARD can finalize multisig transactions, so the last signer can publish the signed transaction via PushTX (NFC tap) to get it on the blockchain directly."
- Multisig transactions are finalized when sufficiently signed. It streamlines the use of PushTX with multisig wallets.
- Signing artifacts re-export to various media. Users are now provided with the capability to export signing products, like transactions or PSBTs, to alternative media rather than the original source. For example, if a PSBT is received through a QR code, it can be signed and saved onto an SD card if needed.
- Multisig export files are signed now. Public keys are encoded as P2PKH address for all multisg signature exports. Learn more about it here.
- NFC export usability upgrade: NFC keeps exporting until CANCEL/X is pressed.
- Added Bitcoin Safe option to Export Wallet.
- 10% performance improvement in USB upload speed for large files.
- Q: Always choose the biggest possible display size for QR.
Fixes
- Do not allow change Main PIN to same value already used as Trick PIN, even if Trick PIN is hidden.
- Fix stuck progress bar under
Receiving...after a USB communications failure. - Showing derivation path in Address Explorer for root key (m) showed double slash (//).
- Can restore developer backup with custom password other than 12 words format.
- Virtual Disk auto mode ignores already signed PSBTs (with “-signed” in file name).
- Virtual Disk auto mode stuck on “Reading…” screen sometimes.
- Finalization of foreign inputs from partial signatures. Thanks Christian Uebber!
- Temporary seed from COLDCARD backup failed to load stored multisig wallets.
Destroy Seedalso removes all Trick PINs from SE2.Lock Down Seedrequires pressing confirm key (4) to execute.- Q only: Only BBQr is allowed to export Coldcard, Core, and pretty descriptor.
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@ e2c72a5a:bfacb2ee
2025-06-04 18:18:32
Forget Lambos, Bitcoin's going corporate.
Sixty one publicly listed companies now hold over 3% of Bitcoin's total supply, doubling their holdings in just two months. That's faster than even Michael Saylor's MicroStrategy. K Wave Media, a South Korean firm, is raising $500M for a Bitcoin treasury, aiming to be the "Metaplanet of Korea." Even Pakistan is discussing Bitcoin reserve plans with Trump's crypto team.
Is your portfolio ready for the corporate Bitcoin takeover?
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 18:02:53
Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.
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Version 1.3 of Bitcoin Safe introduces a redesigned interactive chart, quick receive feature, updated icons, a mempool preview window, support for Child Pays For Parent (CPFP) and testnet4, preconfigured testnet demo wallets, as well as various bug fixes and improvements.
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Upcoming updates for Bitcoin Safe include Compact Block Filters.
"Compact Block Filters increase the network privacy dramatically, since you're not asking an electrum server to give you your transactions. They are a little slower than electrum servers. For a savings wallet like Bitcoin Safe this should be OK," writes the project's developer Andreas Griffin.
- Learn more about the current and upcoming features of Bitcoin Safe wallet here.
What's new in v1.3
- Redesign of Chart, Quick Receive, Icons, and Mempool Preview (by @design-rrr).
- Interactive chart. Clicking on it now jumps to transaction, and selected transactions are now highlighted.
- Speed up transactions with Child Pays For Parent (CPFP).
- BDK 1.2 (upgraded from 0.32).
- Testnet4 support.
- Preconfigured Testnet demo wallets.
- Cluster unconfirmed transactions so that parents/children are next to each other.
- Customizable columns for all tables (optional view: Txid, Address index, and more)
- Bug fixes and other improvements.
Announcement / Archive
Blog Post / Archive
GitHub Repo
Website -
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 18:02:52
Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.
This update brings key enhancements for clarity and usability:
- Recent Blocks View: Added to the Send tab and inspired by Mempool's visualization, it displays the last 2 blocks and the estimated next block to help choose fee rates.
- Camera System Overhaul: Features a new library for higher resolution detection and mouse-scroll zoom support when available.
- Vector-Based Images: All app images are now vectorized and theme-aware, enhancing contrast, especially in dark mode.
- Tor & P2A Updates: Upgraded internal Tor and improved support for pay-to-anchor (P2A) outputs.
- Linux Package Rename: For Linux users, Sparrow has been renamed to sparrowwallet (or sparrowserver); in some cases, the original sparrow package may need manual removal.
- Additional updates include showing total payments in multi-payment transaction diagrams, better handling of long labels, and other UI enhancements.
- Sparrow v2.2.1 is a bug fix release that addresses missing UUID issue when starting Tor on recent macOS versions, icons for external sources in Settings and Recent Blocks view, repackaged
.debinstalls to use older gzip instead of zstd compression, and removed display of median fee rate where fee rates source is set to Server.
Learn how to get started with Sparrow wallet:
Release notes (v2.2.0)
- Added Recent Blocks view to Send tab.
- Converted all bitmapped images to theme aware SVG format for all wallet models and dialogs.
- Support send and display of pay to anchor (P2A) outputs.
- Renamed
sparrowpackage tosparrowwalletandsparrowserveron Linux. - Switched camera library to openpnp-capture.
- Support FHD (1920 x 1080) and UHD4k (3840 x 2160) capture resolutions.
- Support camera zoom with mouse scroll where possible.
- In the Download Verifier, prefer verifying the dropped file over the default file where the file is not in the manifest.
- Show a warning (with an option to disable the check) when importing a wallet with a derivation path matching another script type.
- In Cormorant, avoid calling the
listwalletdirRPC on initialization due to a potentially slow response on Windows. - Avoid server address resolution for public servers.
- Assume server address is non local for resolution failures where a proxy is configured.
- Added a tooltip to indicate truncated labels in table cells.
- Dynamically truncate input and output labels in the tree on a transaction tab, and add tooltips if necessary.
- Improved tooltips for wallet tabs and transaction diagrams with long labels.
- Show the address where available on input and output tooltips in transaction tab tree.
- Show the total amount sent in payments in the transaction diagram when constructing multiple payment transactions.
- Reset preferred table column widths on adjustment to improve handling after window resizing.
- Added accessible text to improve screen reader navigation on seed entry.
- Made Wallet Summary table grow horizontally with dialog sizing.
- Reduced tooltip show delay to 200ms.
- Show transaction diagram fee percentage as less than 0.01% rather than 0.00%.
- Optimized and reduced Electrum server RPC calls.
- Upgraded Bouncy Castle, PGPainless and Logback libraries.
- Upgraded internal Tor to v0.4.8.16.
- Bug fix: Fixed issue with random ordering of keystore origins on labels import.
- Bug fix: Fixed non-zero account script type detection when signing a message on Trezor devices.
- Bug fix: Fixed issue parsing remote Coldcard xpub encoded on a different network.
- Bug fix: Fixed inclusion of fees on wallet label exports.
- Bug fix: Increase Trezor device libusb timeout.
Linux users: Note that the
sparrowpackage has been renamed tosparrowwalletorsparrowserver, and in some cases you may need to manually uninstall the originalsparrowpackage. Look in the/optfolder to ensure you have the new name, and the original is removed.What's new in v2.2.1
- Updated Tor library to fix missing UUID issue when starting Tor on recent macOS versions.
- Repackaged
.debinstalls to use older gzip instead of zstd compression. - Removed display of median fee rate where fee rates source is set to Server.
- Added icons for external sources in Settings and Recent Blocks view
- Bug fix: Fixed issue in Recent Blocks view when switching fee rates source
- Bug fix: Fixed NPE on null fee returned from server
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@ 8bad92c3:ca714aa5
2025-06-04 18:02:44
Key Takeaways
Michael Goldstein, aka Bitstein, presents a sweeping philosophical and economic case for going “all in” on Bitcoin, arguing that unlike fiat, which distorts capital formation and fuels short-term thinking, Bitcoin fosters low time preference, meaningful saving, and long-term societal flourishing. At the heart of his thesis is “hodling for good”—a triple-layered idea encompassing permanence, purpose, and the pursuit of higher values like truth, beauty, and legacy. Drawing on thinkers like Aristotle, Hoppe, and Josef Pieper, Goldstein redefines leisure as contemplation, a vital practice in aligning capital with one’s deepest ideals. He urges Bitcoiners to think beyond mere wealth accumulation and consider how their sats can fund enduring institutions, art, and architecture that reflect a moral vision of the future.
Best Quotes
“Let BlackRock buy the houses, and you keep the sats.”
“We're not hodling just for the sake of hodling. There is a purpose to it.”
“Fiat money shortens your time horizon… you can never rest.”
“Savings precedes capital accumulation. You can’t build unless you’ve saved.”
“You're increasing the marginal value of everyone else’s Bitcoin.”
“True leisure is contemplation—the pursuit of the highest good.”
“What is Bitcoin for if not to make the conditions for magnificent acts of creation possible?”
“Bitcoin itself will last forever. Your stack might not. What will outlast your coins?”
“Only a whale can be magnificent.”
“The market will sell you all the crack you want. It’s up to you to demand beauty.”
Conclusion
This episode is a call to reimagine Bitcoin as more than a financial revolution—it’s a blueprint for civilizational renewal. Michael Goldstein reframes hodling as an act of moral stewardship, urging Bitcoiners to lower their time preference, build lasting institutions, and pursue truth, beauty, and legacy—not to escape the world, but to rebuild it on sound foundations.
Timestamps
00:00 - Intro
00:50 - Michael’s BBB presentation Hodl for Good
07:27 - Austrian principles on capital
15:40 - Fiat distorts the economic process
23:34 - Bitkey
24:29 - Hodl for Good triple entendre
29:52 - Bitcoin benefits everyone
39:05 - Unchained
40:14 - Leisure theory of value
52:15 - Heightening life
1:15:48 - Breaking from the chase makes room for magnificence
1:32:32 - Nakamoto Institute’s missionTranscript
(00:00) Fiat money is by its nature a disturbance. If money is being continually produced, especially at an uncertain rate, these uh policies are really just redistribution of wealth. Most are looking for number to go up post hyper bitcoinization. The rate of growth of bitcoin would be more reflective of the growth of the economy as a whole.
(00:23) Ultimately, capital requires knowledge because it requires knowing there is something that you can add to the structures of production to lengthen it in some way that will take time but allow you to have more in the future than you would today. Let Black Rockck buy the houses and you keep the sats, not the other way around.
(00:41) You wait until later for Larry Frink to try to sell you a [Music] mansion. And we're live just like that. Just like that. 3:30 on a Friday, Memorial Day weekend. It's a good good good way to end the week and start the holiday weekend. Yes, sir. Yes, sir. Thank you for having me here. Thank you for coming. I wore this hat specifically because I think it's I think it's very apppropo uh to the conversation we're going to have which is I hope an extension of the presentation you gave at Bitblock Boom Huddle for good. You were working on
(01:24) that for many weeks leading up to uh the conference and explaining how you were structuring it. I think it's a very important topic to discuss now as the Bitcoin price is hitting new all-time highs and people are trying to understand what am I doing with Bitcoin? Like you have you have the different sort of factions within Bitcoin.
(01:47) Uh get on a Bitcoin standard, get on zero, spend as much Bitcoin as possible. You have the sailors of the world are saying buy Bitcoin, never sell, die with your Bitcoin. And I think you do a really good job in that presentation. And I just think your understanding overall of Bitcoin is incredible to put everything into context. It's not either or.
(02:07) It really depends on what you want to accomplish. Yeah, it's definitely there there is no actual one-sizefits-all um for I mean nearly anything in this world. So um yeah, I mean first of all I mean there was it was the first conference talk I had given in maybe five years. I think the one prior to that uh was um bit block boom 2019 which was my meme talk which uh has uh become infamous and notorious.
(02:43) So uh there was also a lot of like high expectations uh you know rockstar dev uh has has treated that you know uh that that talk with a lot of reference. a lot of people have enjoyed it and he was expecting this one to be, you know, the greatest one ever, which is a little bit of a little bit of a uh a burden to live up to those kinds of standards.
(03:08) Um, but you know, because I don't give a lot of talks. Um, you know, I I I like to uh try to bring ideas that might even be ideas that are common. So, something like hodling, we all talk about it constantly. uh but try to bring it from a little bit of a different angle and try to give um a little bit of uh new light to it.
(03:31) I alsove I've I've always enjoyed kind of coming at things from a third angle. Um whenever there's, you know, there's there's all these little debates that we have in in Bitcoin and sometimes it's nice to try to uh step out of it and look at it a little more uh kind of objectively and find ways of understanding it that incorporate the truths of of all of them.
(03:58) uh you know cuz I think we should always be kind of as much as possible after ultimate truth. Um so with this one um yeah I was kind of finding that that sort of golden mean. So uh um yeah and I actually I think about that a lot is uh you know Aristotle has his his concept of the golden mean. So it's like any any virtue is sort of between two vices um because you can you can always you can always take something too far.
(04:27) So you're you're always trying to find that right balance. Um so someone who is uh courageous you know uh one of the vices uh on one side is being basically reckless. I I can't remember what word he would use. Uh but effectively being reckless and just wanting to put yourself in danger for no other reason than just you know the thrill of it.
(04:50) Um and then on the other side you would just have cowardice which is like you're unwilling to put yourself um at any risk at any time. Um, and courage is right there in the middle where it's understanding when is the right time uh to put your put yourself, you know, in in the face of danger um and take it on. And so um in some sense this this was kind of me uh in in some ways like I'm obviously a partisan of hodling.
(05:20) Um, I've for, you know, a long time now talked about the, um, why huddling is good, why people do it, why we should expect it. Um, but still trying to find that that sort of golden mean of like yes, huddle, but also what are we hodling for? And it's not we're we're not hodddling just merely for the sake of hodddling.
(05:45) There there is a a purpose to it. And we should think about that. And that would also help us think more about um what are the benefits of of spending, when should we spend, why should we spend, what should we spend on um to actually give light to that sort of side of the debate. Um so that was that was what I was kind of trying to trying to get into.
(06:09) Um, as well as also just uh at the same time despite all the talk of hodling, there's always this perennial uh there's always this perennial dislike of hodlers because we're treated as uh as if um we're just free riding the network or we're just greedy or you know any of these things. And I wanted to show how uh huddling does serve a real economic purpose.
(06:36) Um, and it does benefit the individual, but it also does uh it it has actual real social um benefits as well beyond merely the individual. Um, so I wanted to give that sort of defense of hodling as well to look at it from um a a broader position than just merely I'm trying to get rich. Um uh because even the person who uh that is all they want to do um just like you know your your pure number grow up go up moonboy even that behavior has positive ramifications on on the economy.
(07:14) And while we might look at them and have uh judgments about their particular choices for them as an individual, we shouldn't discount that uh their actions are having positive positive effects for the rest of the economy. Yeah. So, let's dive into that just not even in the context of Bitcoin because I think you did a great job of this in the presentation.
(07:36) just you've done a good job of this consistently throughout the years that I've known you. Just from like a first principles Austrian economics perspective, what is the idea around capital accumulation, low time preference and deployment of that capital like what what like getting getting into like the nitty-gritty and then applying it to Bitcoin? Yeah, it's it's a big question and um in many ways I mean I I even I barely scratched the surface.
(08:05) uh I I can't claim to have read uh all the volumes of Bombber works, you know, capital and interest and and stuff like that. Um but I think there's some some sort of basic concepts that we can look at that we can uh draw a lot out. Um the first uh I guess let's write that. So repeat so like capital time preference. Yeah. Well, I guess getting more broad like why sav -
@ eb0157af:77ab6c55
2025-06-04 18:02:42
Bitmain’s new device raises the bar for energy efficiency.
During the World Digital Mining Summit, Bitmain introduced its latest bitcoin mining device: the Antminer S23 Hydro. The new miner promises an energy efficiency of 9.5 joules per terahash (J/TH), setting new industry standards.
ANTMINER S23 Hyd. Newly Launched at WDMS 2025!
580T 9.5J/T
Sales Start from May 28th, 9:00AM (EST)
Shipping from Q1, 2026 pic.twitter.com/Kg3VJTt7Rg— BITMAIN (@BITMAINtech) May 27, 2025
According to Bitmain’s presentation, the Antminer S23 Hydro delivers up to 580 TH/s with a power consumption of 5,510 watts.
Scheduled for release in early 2026, the Antminer S23 Hydro marks a major leap forward compared to the first ASIC devices dedicated to mining. To put it in perspective, the first specialized miners launched in 2013 consumed around 1,200 J/TH. Bitmain’s latest device therefore represents a more than 99% improvement in efficiency.
Hashprice and economic challenges
In recent months, the hashprice — the metric measuring mining profitability — has remained relatively low, dropping below $39 per petahash per second during the year. As of now, the hashprice stands at around $55 per petahash per second, according to data from Hashrate Index.
This scenario has pushed several companies in the sector to rethink their expansion strategies. Instead of increasing hashing capacity, many are choosing to upgrade their existing fleets, focusing on efficiency rather than sheer scale.
The introduction of the Antminer S23 Hydro could catalyze a transformation within the mining ecosystem. The gradual replacement of outdated devices with more efficient technology could lead to a significant reduction in the Bitcoin network’s overall energy consumption.
The post Bitmain unveils the Antminer S23 Hydro: unprecedented efficiency appeared first on Atlas21.
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@ eb0157af:77ab6c55
2025-06-04 18:02:39
The Russian banking giant introduces financial instruments linked to Bitcoin for qualified investors.
Russia’s largest commercial banking institution, Sber, has made its entry into the Bitcoin space by unveiling a bond product tied to the asset.
Sber has officially launched its structured financial instrument that mirrors the price performance of Bitcoin alongside fluctuations in the dollar-ruble exchange rate. The product is already available to qualified investors through the over-the-counter (OTC) market, with plans to list it on the Moscow Exchange in the near future.
Formerly known as Sberbank, the institution stated in a May 30 announcement that the listing would provide transparency, liquidity, and convenience for a wide range of professional investors. This structured approach will allow investors to benefit both from Bitcoin’s appreciation in dollars and from the strengthening of the US dollar against the Russian ruble, the bank suggests.
The lender also announced plans to expand its crypto offering through the SberInvestments platform, introducing exchange-traded products that provide exposure to digital assets. The first product will be a Bitcoin futures instrument, scheduled for listing on June 4, coinciding with its official launch by the Moscow Exchange.
Sber’s initiative follows the authorization granted by Russia’s Central Bank on May 28, which permitted financial institutions to offer specific crypto-related financial instruments to accredited investors. However, the direct offering of cryptocurrencies remains prohibited.
Meanwhile, T-Bank (formerly Tinkoff Bank) launched an investment product linked to Bitcoin’s price, branding it a “smart asset” issued through Russia’s state-backed tokenization platform Atomyze.
According to the Russian Central Bank’s report for the first quarter of 2025, Russian residents hold approximately 827 billion rubles ($9.2 billion) in cryptocurrencies on centralized exchanges. Inflows into Russian crypto platforms surged by 51%, reaching 7.3 trillion rubles ($81.5 billion) over the same period.
The post Sber, Russia’s largest bank, launches Bitcoin bonds appeared first on Atlas21.
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@ eb0157af:77ab6c55
2025-06-04 18:02:33
The newly elected South Korean President is aiming for a breakthrough in the cryptocurrency market with the introduction of spot ETFs and a national stablecoin.
On June 4, South Korea officially elected Lee Jae-myung as its new President. The candidate from the left-wing party secured victory following the impeachment of former leader Yoon Suk-yeol, who ended his three-year term after a failed attempt to establish a military-backed government.
Voter turnout reached 79.4%, the highest in the last 28 years. Lee won 49.42% of the vote, defeating his conservative opponent Kim Moon-soo, who garnered 41.15%.
The new President’s pledges
In addition to traditional economic priorities such as supporting low-income families and small businesses, Lee Jae-myung has placed digital assets at the heart of his political agenda.
The core pillar of Lee’s strategy involves the introduction of spot ETFs for Bitcoin and Ethereum in the domestic market. Currently, the issuance and local trading of crypto ETFs remain banned in the country.
Another key element of the plan is the approval of stablecoins pegged to the South Korean won. During a discussion last month, Lee emphasized the need to develop a won-based stablecoin market to prevent capital flight abroad.
Under the new administration, South Korea will also work to complete the second phase of its regulatory framework for digital assets. The upcoming legislation will specifically address stablecoin regulations and transparency requirements for cryptocurrency exchanges.
The program also includes the creation of special zones for blockchain-related businesses, where regulations will be minimized to maximize innovation and operational efficiency.
However, this isn’t the first time South Korea has elected a crypto-friendly candidate. The conservative president Yoon Suk-yeol, later impeached, had made several crypto-friendly promises aimed at deregulating the sector, though many of those initiatives saw delays and limited progress during his three-year term.
Yoon’s deregulatory plans faced resistance from the Financial Services Commission (FSC), which maintained strict regulations citing investor protection. In recent months, however, the FSC has shown greater openness toward easing crypto rules — a shift that could support Lee’s commitments.
According to FSC data, by the end of last year the country had 9.7 million registered exchange users, representing nearly 20% of the total population.
The post South Korea: the new leader may favor Bitcoin ETFs and a national stablecoin appeared first on Atlas21.
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@ 9ca447d2:fbf5a36d
2025-06-04 18:02:20
Meta Platforms Inc., the parent company of Facebook and Instagram, has voted down a shareholder proposal to add bitcoin to its treasury. The vote took place at the company’s annual shareholder meeting on May 30, 2025.
The proposal, known as Proposal 13, was submitted by investor Ethan Peck on behalf of the National Center for Public Policy Research (NCPPR).
It asked Meta to convert a portion of its $72 billion in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities into bitcoin. The idea was to hedge against inflation and low returns from traditional bond investments.
But the company’s shareholders said no.
According to the official count, more than 4.98 billion shares were voted against the proposal, while 3.92 million shares were for it—less than 0.1% of total votes. 8.86 million shares were abstentions and over 204 million were broker non-votes.
Meta shareholders rejected bitcoin reserve proposal — SEC
So now, Meta joins Microsoft and Amazon in rejecting calls to add bitcoin to their balance sheets.
Related: Microsoft Shareholders Reject Bitcoin Investment Proposal
Proponents of the proposal argued that bitcoin would help protect Meta’s reserves from inflation and weak bond returns. Peck and others pointed to bitcoin’s strong performance in 2024 and growing institutional interest in the scarce digital asset.
The proposal said bitcoin’s fixed supply and track record make it a long-term store of value.
High-profile supporters, including Matt Cole, CEO of Strive Asset Management, brought the issue to the forefront. At the Bitcoin 2025 conference in Las Vegas, Cole addressed Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg directly:
“You have already done step one. You have named your goat Bitcoin,” he said. “My ask is that you take step two and adopt a bold corporate bitcoin treasury strategy.”
Others, like Bloomberg ETF analyst Eric Balchunas, said if Meta added bitcoin to its balance sheet it would be a big deal. “If Meta or Microsoft adds BTC to the balance sheet, it will be like when Tom Hanks got COVID—suddenly, it feels real,” Balchunas said.
Despite all the hype and arguments for Bitcoin, the tech giant’s board of directors opposed the measure. The board said the company already has a treasury management process in place that prioritizes capital preservation and liquidity.
“While we are not opining on the merits of cryptocurrency investments compared to other assets, we believe the requested assessment is unnecessary given our existing processes to manage our corporate treasury,” Meta’s board noted.
The board also noted that it reviews many investment options and sees no need for a separate review process specific to Bitcoin.
Meta’s decision shows the broader hesitation of large-cap companies to get into bitcoin as part of their financial strategy.
While companies like Michael Saylor’s Strategy are adding bitcoin to their treasuries every chance they get, companies like Microsoft, Amazon and now Meta, are taking a more cautious approach.
According to recent reports, Meta is exploring ways to integrate stablecoins into its platforms to enable global payouts.
This would be a re-entry into the digital asset space after the company shelved its Diem project due to regulatory issues—a step that bitcoin advocates deem unnecessary, insufficient, and irrelevant to protecting the company’s finances.
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 18:01:58
Bitcoin Magazine
Norwegian Public Company K33 AB Purchased 10 BTC For Their New Bitcoin Treasury StrategyK33 AB (PUBL), a digital asset brokerage and research firm, announced that it has completed its first Bitcoin acquisition under its new Bitcoin treasury strategy, purchasing 10 BTC for approximately SEK 10 million.
JUST IN:
Publicly traded company K33 buys 10 #Bitcoin for SEK 10 million for its balance sheet. pic.twitter.com/wB8Kt09EZf— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 3, 2025
Today’s purchase is the first transaction of the secured SEK 60 million that K33 announced it will buy for its Bitcoin treasury strategy.
“We expect Bitcoin to be the best-performing asset in the coming years and will build our balance sheet in Bitcoin moving forward,” said the CEO of K33 Torbjorn Bull Jenssen. “This will give K33 direct exposure to the Bitcoin price and help unlock powerful synergies with our brokerage operation. Our ambition is to build a balance of at least 1000 BTC over time and then scale from there.”
During K33’s Q1 2025 Report & Strategic Outlook presentation. Torbjorn Jenssen mentioned that the “US BTC ETF was the most successful ETF launch in history. Acquiring more capital in just one year than gold did in 20.”
Jenssen also said K33 is working with other Bitcoin treasury companies in the Nordics and hopes to use its treasury as a foundation to offer new services, such as Bitcoin backed lending.
“For K33, Bitcoin is not only a high-conviction asset — it’s also a strategic enabler,” he said. “With a sizable BTC reserve, we will be able to strengthen our financial position while unlocking new revenue streams, product capabilities, and partnerships.”
Bitcoin will be the best performing asset in the coming decade and my goal with K33 is to accumulate as many as possible while unlocking powerful operational synergies with our brokerage operation,” posted Jenssen on X.
Bitcoin will be the best performing asset in the coming decade and my goal with K33 is to accumulate as many as possible while unlocking powerful operational synergies with our brokerage operation. https://t.co/Crxu0b5QPz
— Torbjørn (@TorbjrnBullJens) May 28, 2025
Bitcoin treasury holdings are becoming a trend of companies in 2025. Around 217 companies and public entities now hold Bitcoin on their balance sheets.
Last week, during the 2025 Bitcoin Conference in Las Vegas, the CEO of GameStop Ryan Cohen announced that GameStop purchased 4,710 Bitcoin worth approximately $505 million, marking another major corporate entry into Bitcoin treasury holdings.
In an interview with the CEO of Nakamoto David Bailey, the CEO of GameStop Ryan Cohen stated, “If the thesis is correct then Bitcoin and gold as well can be a hedge against global currency devaluation and systemic risk. Bitcoin has certain unique advantages better than gold.”
BREAKING:
GAMESTOP PURCHASED 4,710 #BITCOIN pic.twitter.com/fDH9ctZJVP— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) May 28, 2025
This post Norwegian Public Company K33 AB Purchased 10 BTC For Their New Bitcoin Treasury Strategy first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Oscar Zarraga Perez.
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 18:01:34
Bitcoin Magazine
How Strategy (MSTR) Built Their Capital Stack to Accelerate Bitcoin AccumulationMicroStrategy—now operating as Strategy
—has built the most aggressive Bitcoin treasury in the world. But its true innovation isn’t just holding Bitcoin. It’s in how it finances the accumulation of Bitcoin at scale without giving up control or diluting shareholder value.The engine behind this? A meticulously designed capital stack—a multi-tiered structure of debt, preferred stock, and equity that appeals to different types of investors, each with unique risk, yield, and volatility preferences.
This is more than corporate finance—it’s a blueprint for Bitcoin-native capital formation.
What Is a Capital Stack?
A capital stack refers to the layers of capital a company uses to finance its operations and strategic goals. Each layer has its own return profile, risk level, and repayment priority in the event of liquidation.
Strategy’s capital stack is designed to do one thing exceptionally well: convert fiat capital into Bitcoin exposure—efficiently, at scale, and without compromise.
The Stack: Ordered by Priority
Strategy’s capital stack comprises five core instruments:
1. Convertible Notes
2. Strife Preferred Stock ($STRF)
3. Strike Preferred Stock ($STRK)
4. Stride Preferred Stock ($STRD)
5. Common Equity ($MSTR)These layers are ranked from highest to lowest in repayment priority. What makes this structure unique is how each layer balances downside protection, yield, and Bitcoin exposure—offering institutional investors fixed-income alternatives with varying degrees of correlation to Bitcoin.
Strategy’s Capital Stack illustrated by Chris Millas
Convertible Notes: Senior Debt with Optional Upside
Strategy’s capital stack begins with convertible notes—senior unsecured debt that can convert into equity.
- Downside: Low risk, high priority in liquidation
- Upside: Modest unless converted
- Appeal: Institutional debt investors seeking protection with optional Bitcoin-adjacent upside
These notes were Strategy’s earliest fundraising tools, enabling the company to raise billions in low-interest environments to accumulate Bitcoin without issuing equity.
Strife ($STRF): Investment-Grade Yield
Strife is a perpetual preferred stock designed to mimic high-grade fixed income.
- 10% cumulative dividend, paid in cash
- $100 liquidation preference
- No conversion rights or Bitcoin upside
- Compounding penalties on unpaid dividends
- Low volatility, medium risk profile
Strife targets conservative capital—allocators who want predictable income without equity or crypto exposure. It’s senior to other preferreds and common stock, making it a high-quality fixed-income proxy built atop a Bitcoin treasury.
Strike ($STRK): Yield + Bitcoin Optionality
Strike is convertible preferred stock—bridging fixed income and equity upside.
- 8% cumulative dividend
- Convertible into $MSTR at $1,000 strike
- Paid in cash or Class A shares
- Bitcoin exposure via conversion option
- Medium volatility, low risk
Strike appeals to investors who want income with optional participation in Bitcoin upside. In bullish Bitcoin cycles, the conversion option becomes valuable—offering a hybrid between bond-like stability and equity-like potential.
Stride ($STRD): High Yield, High Risk
Stride is the most junior preferred—non-cumulative, perpetual stock issued with high yield and few protections.
- >10% dividend, only if declared
- No compounding, no conversion, no voting rights
- Highest relative risk among preferreds
- Liquidation priority above common equity, but below all others
Stride plays a crucial role. Its issuance improves the credit quality of Strife, adding a subordinate capital buffer beneath it—similar to how mezzanine debt protects senior tranches in structured finance.
Stride attracts yield-hungry investors, enabling Strategy to raise capital without compromising more senior layers.
Common Equity ($MSTR): Pure Bitcoin Beta
At the base is Strategy’s common equity—the most volatile, least protected, but highest potential instrument in the stack.
- Unlimited upside
- No dividend, no priority
- Full exposure to Bitcoin volatility
- Voting rights, long-term ownership
Common equity is for conviction-driven investors. Over the past four years, this layer has attracted capital from funds and individuals aligned with Strategy’s Bitcoin thesis—investors who want maximal upside from a corporate Bitcoin strategy.
The Big Picture: Saylor Is Targeting the Fixed Income Market
This isn’t just a financing mechanism—it’s a direct challenge to the $130 trillion global bond market.
By issuing instruments like $STRF, $STRK, and $STRD, Strategy is offering Bitcoin-adjacent yield vehicles that absorb demand from across the capital spectrum:
- Institutional investors seeking investment-grade yield
- Hedge funds chasing structured upside
- Yield hunters willing to go down the stack for returns
Each instrument behaves like a synthetic bond, yet all are backed by a Bitcoin accumulation engine.
As Director of Bitcoin Strategy at Metaplanet, Dylan LeClair put it: “Saylor is coming for the entire fixed income market.”
Rather than issue traditional bonds, Saylor is constructing a Bitcoin-native capital stack—one that unlocks liquidity without ever selling the underlying asset.
Why It Matters: A Model for Bitcoin Treasury Strategy
Strategy’s capital structure is more than innovation—it’s a financial operating system for any public company that wants to monetize Bitcoin’s rise while maintaining capital discipline.
Key takeaways:
- Every layer matches a specific investor need: From low-risk debt to speculative yield
- Capital flows in, Bitcoin stays put: Preserving treasury position while scaling
- No single instrument dominates: The stack is diversified by design
- Control is retained: Most securities are non-voting, non-convertible
For corporations serious about building a Bitcoin-native balance sheet, this is the playbook to study.
Saylor isn’t just stacking Bitcoin—he’s engineering the financial infrastructure for a monetary paradigm shift.
Disclaimer: This content was written on behalf of Bitcoin For Corporations. This article is intended solely for informational purposes and should not be interpreted as an invitation or solicitation to acquire, purchase, or subscribe for securities.
This post How Strategy (MSTR) Built Their Capital Stack to Accelerate Bitcoin Accumulation first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Nick Ward.
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 18:01:25
Bitcoin Magazine
MARA Announces Over $100 Million in Bitcoin Mined in May 2025Today, MARA Holdings, Inc. (NASDAQ: MARA) reported a record high month of bitcoin production in May 2025, mining 950 BTC worth over $100 million at the time of writing. A 35% increase from April and the highest monthly output since the April 2024 halving event. MARA did not sell any bitcoin in May.
JUST IN: MARA mined 950 #Bitcoin worth over $100 MILLION in May
They HODLed all of it
pic.twitter.com/Z4v1zoEfga— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 3, 2025
“May was a record-breaking month for MARA with 282 blocks won, a 38% increase over April and a new monthly high,” said the Chairman and CEO of MARA Fred Thiel. “Our total bitcoin holdings surpassed 49,000 BTC during May and the 950 bitcoin produced were the most since the halving event in April 2024.”
The company mined 282 blocks during the month, a 38% rise over the previous month, and now holds 49,179 BTC, worth roughly $5.23 billion at the time of writing.
“Our fully integrated tech stack is a key differentiator, and MARA Pool is the only self-owned and operated mining pool among public miners, offering greater control and efficiency,” stated Thiel. “Operating our pool means no fees to external operators and retention of the full value of block rewards. Production in May also benefitted from block reward luck. Since launch, MARA Pool’s block reward luck has outperformed the network average by over 10%, contributing to our industry-leading block production.”
Operational efficiency also improved, with energized hashrate rising 2% from 57.3 EH/s to 58.3 EH/s. MARA’s average daily bitcoin production hit 30.7 BTC, which is 31% more than the last month from April.
“We remain laser-focused on transforming MARA into a vertically integrated digital energy and infrastructure company,” commented Thiel. “We believe this model gives us tighter operational control, improves cost-efficiency, and makes us more resilient to shifts in the broader economy.”
Earlier this month, on May 8, MARA released its first quarter 2025 earnings, posting 213.9 million dollars in revenue. A 30 percent increase over the same period last year. The company’s bitcoin holdings surged 174 percent year over year, rising from 17,320 BTC to 47,531 BTC as of March 31, with an estimated value of 3.9 billion dollars at the time. In Q1, MARA mined 2,286 BTC and acquired an additional 340 BTC. Operational performance also strengthened, with energized hashrate nearly doubling from 27.8 EH/s to 54.3 EH/s, and cost per petahash per day improving by 25 percent.
This post MARA Announces Over $100 Million in Bitcoin Mined in May 2025 first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Oscar Zarraga Perez.
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 18:01:20
Bitcoin Magazine
Adam Back Invests SEK 21 Million to H100 Group Bitcoin Treasury StrategyToday, H100 Group AB announced it has entered a SEK 21 million convertible loan from an investment agreement with Adam Back, with the option to expand his investment to SEK 277 million through a five-tranche convertible loan deal. The proceeds will be used to buy Bitcoin in alignment with H100 Group’s long-term Bitcoin treasury strategy.
H100 Group AB (Ticker: H100) secures a SEK 21M ($2.1M) commitment from @adam3us , with rights to invest an additional SEK 128M ($12.8M) in tranches—bringing the total contemplated raise to SEK 277M (~$27.7M). pic.twitter.com/c0HgMSRxut
— H100 (@H100Group) June 3, 2025
Under the agreement, Back may invest up to SEK 128 million across four additional tranches, with guaranteed participation of at least 50%. Each tranche is twice his committed amount, demonstrating his support for H100’s long-term growth.
The press release said, “Adam Back may request the Second Tranche within 90 days from signing of the Initial Tranche, the Third Tranche within 90 days from signing of the Second Tranche, the Fourth Tranche within 90 days from signing of the Third Tranche and the Fifth Tranche within ninety 90 days from signing of the Fourth Tranche. In the event Adam Back does not request a Future Tranche within the deadline, the right to request subsequent Future Tranches lapses.”
The convertible loans have no interest and have a five year maturity. At any time, Back may convert the loans into shares of the Company. Conversion prices are fixed per tranche: SEK 1.75 per share for the initial tranche, rising to SEK 5.00 by the fifth tranche. H100 retains the right to force conversion if the stock price exceeds the conversion rate by 33% over a 20 day period. Full conversion of the initial tranche would result in 12 million new shares and a 9.3% dilution.
“Upon request of a tranche Adam Back is obliged to invest in the relevant Tranche with SEK 15,750,000 in the second tranche, SEK 23,625,000 in the third tranche, SEK 35,437,500 in the fourth tranche, and SEK 53,156,250 in the fifth tranche,” stated the press release. “The contemplated size for each tranche is twice the entitled amount of Adam Back.”
Blockstream has “been around since 2014 and we work with our investors to put Bitcoin in a balance sheet back then and since then,” said Adam Back at the 2025 Bitcoin Conference. “I think the way to look at the treasury companies is that Bitcoin is effectively the hurdle rate; it’s very hard to outperform bitcoin. Most people that have invested in things since bitcoin has been around have thought, ‘oh, I should have put that in bitcoin and not in the other thing.”
This post Adam Back Invests SEK 21 Million to H100 Group Bitcoin Treasury Strategy first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Oscar Zarraga Perez.
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 18:01:14
Bitcoin Magazine
Moscow Exchange Launches Bitcoin Futures For Qualified InvestorsThe Moscow Exchange, Russia’s largest exchange group, announced the launch of Bitcoin futures contracts on June 4th, 2025. The new derivatives will allow qualified investors in Russia to gain exposure to bitcoin prices without directly owning it.
The bitcoin futures contracts are cash-settled in Russian rubles and will be tied to the iShares Bitcoin Trust ETF (IBIT) that trades on U.S. exchanges. The IBIT ETF tracks the price of bitcoin, with each share representing 0.00068 bitcoin.
BREAKING:
Russia’s largest exchange, Moscow Exchange launches #Bitcoin futures trading for qualified investors. pic.twitter.com/J9htJUWpLw— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 4, 2025
Trading for the new bitcoin futures kicked off on Wednesday, with the first contracts expiring in September 2025. Each futures contract will be denominated in U.S. dollars per bitcoin but settled in rubles.
The launch of bitcoin futures on the Moscow Exchange comes after increased interest in Bitcoin exposure from Russian financial institutions. In May, Russia’s central bank formally permitted the offering of crypto-linked securities and derivatives to qualified investors. Prior to this, direct investment in Bitcoin was discouraged.
Sberbank, Russia’s largest bank, also announced plans to unveil its own bitcoin futures product in addition to the Moscow Exchange’s offering. The bank is launching exchange-traded notes that track Bitcoin’s price without direct ownership.
Bitcoin futures and other crypto-derivatives have seen surging interest recently as the Bitcoin and crypto industry matures. The move comes as an increasing number of countries have started adding Bitcoin to their reserves.
As Bitcoin adoption increases, investors and financial institutions are seeking more routes to gain exposure to Bitcoin. The launch of futures on the Moscow Exchange provides regulated bitcoin exposure to qualified Russian investors. But direct ownership of “physical” bitcoin remains off limits for most in Russia’s traditional finance sector.
This post Moscow Exchange Launches Bitcoin Futures For Qualified Investors first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Vivek Sen.
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 18:01:04
Bitcoin Magazine
Semler Scientific Acquires 185 Bitcoin, Increasing Total Holdings to 4,449 BTCToday, Semler Scientific announced it has increased its Bitcoin holdings. The company acquired 185 Bitcoin between May 23 and June 3 for $20 million with an average purchase price of $107,974 per Bitcoin, using proceeds from its at-the-market (ATM) offering program.
JUST IN:
Public company Semler Scientific purchases an additional 185 #bitcoin for $20 million. pic.twitter.com/Iir6NiNzc8— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 4, 2025
“We continue to accretively grow our bitcoin arsenal using operating cash flow and proceeds from debt and equity financings,” said the chairman of Semler Scientific Eric Semler. “And we are excited to launch the Semler Scientific dashboard today on our website to provide the public with regularly updated information on our bitcoin holdings and other key metrics.”
Since launching the ATM program in April 2025, Semler has raised approximately $136.2 million under the sales agreement of over 3.6 million shares of its common stock.
As of June 3, 2025, Semler holds 4,449 Bitcoin which were acquired for an amount of $410.0 million, with an average purchase price of $92,158 per Bitcoin. At the time of writing, the market value of these holdings is around $446.2 million.
Eric Semler on X posted, “SMLR acquires 185 Bitcoins for $20 million and has generated BTC Yield of 26.7% YTD. Now holding 4,449 $BTC.”
$SMLR acquires 185 #Bitcoins for $20 million and has generated BTC Yield of 26.7% YTD. Now holding 4,449 $BTC.
— Eric Semler (@SemlerEric) June 4, 2025
Semler Scientific uses the BTC Yield as a key performance indicator (KPI) to help assess the performance of its strategy of acquiring Bitcoin. As of year-to-date, the company has achieved a BTC Yield of 26.7%.
“Semler Scientific believes this KPI can be used to supplement an investor’s understanding of Semler Scientific’s decision to fund the purchase of Bitcoin by issuing additional shares of its common stock or instruments convertible to common stock,” stated the 8-K form.
In Q1 FY2025, Semler Scientific reported a difficult quarter. Revenue came in at $8.8 million, a 44% decrease year-over-year. Operating expenses jumped to $39.9 million from $8.9 million last year, mainly due to a $29.8 million contingent liability tied to the potential settlement with the DOJ. This led to a $31.1 million operating loss, compared to a $7.0 million profit in Q1 2024.
“Our healthcare business is seeing green shoots from the cardiovascular product line that we introduced to our large enterprise customer base this year,” said the CEO of Semler Scientific Doug Murphy-Chutorian. “We are expecting growth and cash generation from these FDA-cleared products and services, which will add to our bitcoin treasury strategy.”
This post Semler Scientific Acquires 185 Bitcoin, Increasing Total Holdings to 4,449 BTC first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Oscar Zarraga Perez.
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@ 9ca447d2:fbf5a36d
2025-06-04 18:02:25
Trump Media & Technology Group (TMTG), the company behind Truth Social and other Trump-branded digital platforms, is planning to raise $2.5 billion to build one of the largest bitcoin treasuries among public companies.
The deal involves the sale of approximately $1.5 billion in common stock and $1.0 billion in convertible senior secured notes.
According to the company, the offering is expected to close by the end of May, pending standard closing conditions.
Devin Nunes, CEO of Trump Media, said the investment in bitcoin is a big part of the company’s long-term plan.
“We view Bitcoin as an apex instrument of financial freedom,” Nunes said.
“This investment will help defend our Company against harassment and discrimination by financial institutions, which plague many Americans and U.S. firms.”
He added that the bitcoin treasury will be used to create new synergies across the company’s platforms including Truth Social, Truth+, and the upcoming financial tech brand Truth.Fi.
“It’s a big step forward in the company’s plans to evolve into a holding company by acquiring additional profit-generating, crown jewel assets consistent with America First principles,” Nunes said.
The $2.5 billion raise will come from about 50 institutional investors. The $1 billion in convertible notes will have 0% interest and be convertible into shares at a 35% premium.
TMTG’s current liquid assets, including cash and short-term investments, are $759 million as of the end of the first quarter of 2025. With this new funding, the company’s liquid assets will be over $3 billion.
Custody of the bitcoin treasury will be handled by Crypto.com and Anchorage Digital. They will manage and store the digital assets.
Earlier this week The Financial Times reported Trump Media was planning to raise $3 billion for digital assets acquisitions.
The article said the funds would be used to buy bitcoin and other digital assets, and an announcement could come before a major related event in Las Vegas.
Related: Bitcoin 2025 Conference Kicks off in Las Vegas Today
Trump Media denied the FT report. In a statement, the company said, “Apparently the Financial Times has dumb writers listening to even dumber sources.”
There was no further comment. However, the official $2.5 billion figure, which was announced shortly after by Trump Media through a press release, aligns with its actual filing and investor communication.
Trump Media’s official announcement
This comes at a time when the Trump family and political allies are showing renewed interest in Bitcoin.
President Donald Trump who is now back in office since the 2025 election, has said he wants to make the U.S. the “crypto capital of the world.”
Trump Media is also working on retail bitcoin investment products including ETFs aligned with America First policies.
These products will make bitcoin more accessible to retail investors and support pro-Trump financial initiatives.
But not everyone is happy.
Democratic Senator Elizabeth Warren recently expressed concerns about Trump Media’s Bitcoin plans. She asked U.S. regulators to clarify their oversight of digital-asset ETFs, warning of investor risk.
Industry insiders are comparing Trump Media’s plans to Strategy (MSTR) which has built a multi-billion dollar bitcoin treasury over the last year. They used stock and bond sales to fund their bitcoin purchases.
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 18:00:58
Bitcoin Magazine
BTCPay Server: The Backbone of Bitcoin Commerce, 2025The genesis story of BTCPay Server is without a doubt one of the most iconic moments in Bitcoin history. A single developer, feeling betrayed by Bitpay, a bitcoin payments processing giant and its attempt at co-opting Bitcoin, declared economic war on the company in a tweet that will never be forgotten by the Bitcoin industry; “This is lies, my trust in you is broken, I will make you obsolete.”
Nicolas Dorier went on to create one of the most widely distributed open source projects in the Bitcoin industry and perhaps the invoicing and payments industry as a whole: BTCPay Server. Much has been written about the context and motivation behind Dorier’s founding of the project — there’s even a documentary about it.
What’s seldom highlighted is how ambitious a project BTCPay Server is, how feature-rich it has become and how deeply integrated it is with the industry. In fact, it is easy to forget that as an open source project with no centralized database of users, BTCPay Server is both a massive privacy upgrade for its users and represents the removal of a fundamental middleman processing payments. As a result, Dorier and the BTCPay Server community have created a public goods infrastructure — a kind of commons of payment processing — that provides users real value by saving them fees, and providing them a much smoother user experience given that no personal information is required for the payments to flow.
Humbly described on their website as “a self-hosted, open-source cryptocurrency payment processor,” BTCPay Server is an invoicing and accounting system for merchants, a fully featured Bitcoin wallet with full node capabilities; on-chain, Lightning Network and Liquid Network support; hardware wallet support; and a modular plugin system. The plugins in particular extend the core of BTCPay Server into a wide range of niches. They also integrate into e-commerce giants such as WooCommerce and Shopify.
It is somewhat difficult to gauge the success and scope of BTCPay Server. Because it is a self-hosted platform that does not capture customer data of any kind — it has no central cloud service as other payment processors do — our view into its success is somewhat limited.
However, we can get a sense of their reach by proxy of other metrics, for example, their primary software repository has had over 170 open source contributors, with 8,393 commits at the time of writing.
As of 2025, BTCPay Server has had one million downloads directly from its GitHub repository, which does not account for cloud providers of the software as hosted by companies like Voltage or Lunanode. It is also often the case that one instance of BTCPay Server serves multiple merchants and hosts multiple stores simultaneously.
R0ckstardev, one of the top contributors to the project, told Bitcoin Magazine that there could be hundreds of thousands of instances of BTCPay Server running throughout the world. Tobe Chileta, a contributor to the project, also told Bitcoin Magazine that “of the seven continents of the world, I think it is only Antarctica that I haven’t seen someone run BTCPay server.” He added, “I’m certain we have merchants running in Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Europe and Australia.”
Companies
BTCPay Server’s website business directory, while far from exhaustive, covers hundreds of merchants onboarded. The BTCPay Server community also does regular case studies of user cohorts or major merchants that use the software, documenting their integration and story in their case studies page. It gives fantastic insights into a variety of Bitcoin communities throughout the world and includes useful guides on how to replicate various results and implementations.
Namecheap, for example, boasted over 70 million dollars’ of bitcoin volume since their integration of BTCPay Server. From May 18, 2020, to October 2024 they clocked in 1.1m transactions in total with over 500,000 users paying in bitcoin, resulting in over $73 million in revenue through payments made from over 200 countries.
BTC Inc, the parent company of the biggest Bitcoin conference in the world, has for years been setting up BTCPay Server for its merchants, and even has a one-hour behind-the-scenes documentary on the complexities of setting up dozens of merchants at a conference (filmed during the Nashville 2024 Bitcoin conference). The event saw over 25,000 attendees, including the 47th president of the U.S., Donald J. Trump.
In this most recent Bitcoin 2025 conference in Las Vegas, BTCPay Server was used to process a new world record of Bitcoin transactions within an eight-hour period, with 4,187 transactions in total. The initial target was 4,000 transactions and was set by the Guinness World Records organization.
Integrations and Plugins
One of the most important dimensions of BTCPay Server is its plugin system. Given the wide variety of ways companies can interact with Bitcoin, the developer community has optimized the BTCPay Server code toward a plugin model that developers can build for with a well-documented set of GitHub repos and an API. Today there are over 30 plugins available on BTCPay Server. Here are some of the greatest hits:
Boltz Swap Exchange Plugin
Boltz is an atomic swap exchange focused on the various Bitcoin layers such as Liquid, Lightning, Rootstock and of course Bitcoin on-chain. It has gained prominence of late as a very simple solution to the channel rebalancing challenges Lightning wallets face. R0ckstardev told Bitcoin Magazine that he is particularly impressed with the Boltz integration, and even tweeted as much earlier this year.
I've recently been going through the code of @Boltzhq plugin for @BtcpayServer, what jackstar12 & @kilrau have done there is an absolutely l33t engineering.
It's a literal crime against humanity that what they've done was not featured more in Bitcoin media.
— Uncle Rockstar Developer (@r0ckstardev) April 24, 2025
Branded as a noncustodial Bitcoin Bridge, Boltz allows users to swap between different Bitcoin layers while retaining maximum control of their funds, using atomic swap technology that eliminates third-party trust across crypto-native payments. For example, you can use Boltz via BTCPay Server to make a Lightning payment, where the sats are initially held at rest in a Liquid network wallet and are pulled from that balance by the Boltz plugin. The L-BTC is atomically swapped for sats on the Lightning Network via the Boltz exchange and the satoshis flow to the end recipient. This whole process is effectively noncustodial.
This is the same type of “lightning service provider” style infrastructure with which Breez wallet recently announced integration. While it is not quite as cheap as a user-operated Lightning node can be in the best of cases, it is far easier to set up and run — only demanding a few clicks on the BTCPay Server interface. As far as BTCPay Server is concerned, this Boltz plugin represents a full Lightning node, integrating natively with the invoicing and accounting layers.
This tech also scales quite well: One BTCPay Server admin can support many different merchants and not even have to run or manage a standard Lightning node, since the plugin supports automated liquidity management.
The Bolt Cards Plugin
The Bolt card, a company and product created by the Coincenter exchange, has come into prominence recently thanks to its unique graphics and the laser-eyes that light up on tap-to-pay. They, too, have a BTCPay Server plugin that lets users manage and connect these cool NFC cards to their wallets via the plugin.
BITCOIN IS MONEY.
AND AT @THEBITCOINCONF WE WILL PAY IN STYLE, WITH @JACK LASER-EYES BOLT CARDS.
ONLY 1,000 AVAILABLE, GET YOURS ON MAY 28TH. [pic.twitter.com/fDrZW5TGCv](https:
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 18:00:50
Bitcoin Magazine
JPMorgan to Offer Clients Financing Against Bitcoin & Crypto ETFsJPMorgan Chase & Co. plans to allow its trading and wealth-management clients to use cryptocurrency-linked assets, including spot Bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs), as collateral for loans, according to Bloomberg.
JPMorgan Plans to Offer Clients Financing Against Crypto ETFs pic.twitter.com/QpausRiHxM— matthew sigel, recovering CFA (@matthew_sigel) June 4, 2025
The bank will begin with BlackRock’s iShares Bitcoin Trust (IBIT), and additional ETFs are expected to be added over time. The policy will apply globally, spanning all client segments—from individual retail accounts to investors.
In addition to the lending change, JPMorgan will begin factoring crypto holdings into overall net worth and liquid asset evaluations, placing them on par with stocks, vehicles, or fine art when determining loan eligibility, according to those familiar with the matter.
This development marks a formal expansion of what had previously been permitted on a limited, case-by-case basis. The bank’s new approach comes as other major financial institutions, including Morgan Stanley, explore ways to integrate crypto offerings more broadly. Last month, Bloomberg also reported that Morgan Stanley plans to bring crypto trading to its E*Trade platform.
The shift also reflects changes in the U.S. regulatory environment. Since returning to office, President Donald Trump’s administration has taken a more favorable stance toward digital assets. Spot Bitcoin ETFs, first introduced in January 2024, have seen rapid growth and now manage a combined $128 billion in assets, making them among the most successful ETF launches to date.
Bitcoin’s price has also risen significantly in recent months, reaching a record $111,980 in May 2025.
JPMorgan was among the first large U.S. banks to experiment with blockchain technology and maintains relationships with firms such as Coinbase. This latest decision allows more digital assets into the bank’s lending framework.
While JPMorgan CEO Jamie Dimon has remained publicly skeptical of Bitcoin, he has consistently emphasized clients’ right to access the asset. Speaking at the firm’s investor day in May, Dimon stated, “I’m not a fan of Bitcoin.” He went on to say, “I don’t think we should smoke, but I defend your right to smoke. I defend your right to buy Bitcoin, go at it.”
This post JPMorgan to Offer Clients Financing Against Bitcoin & Crypto ETFs first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.
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@ 4fa5d1c4:fd6c6e41
2025-06-04 17:45:05
1. Einleitung
Dieser Beitrag bietet eine detaillierte Einführung in Nostr - ein dezentrales Protokoll für soziale Medien, das sich grundlegend von traditionellen und föderierten Plattformen unterscheidet - und erweitert seine Diskussion, um das Potenzial für die Integration von Nostr in die Entwicklung von Bildungsplattformen im Sinne von Open Educational Practices (OEP) zu untersuchen. Nostr ist als leichtgewichtiger, zensurresistenter Mechanismus konzipiert, der in erster Linie auf einer kryptografischen Schlüsselverwaltung und einer Client-zentrierten Architektur basiert, die zusammen eine dezentrale Identitätskontrolle und Autonomie über digitale Inhalte ermöglichen. Im Gegensatz zu konventionellen zentralisierten Modellen, die sich auf servergestützte Kontrolle oder föderierte Systeme wie Mastodon, die Moderation und Identitätsspeicherung zusammenfassen, stützt sich Nostr auf ein Netzwerk von "Relais", die ohne direkte Interkommunikation arbeiten, wobei alle Funktionen der Datenaggregation, des Austauschs von Inhalten zwischen den Räumen und der Benutzerinteraktion an die Client-Anwendungen delegiert werden. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es daher, einen umfassenden technischen und konzeptionellen Überblick über die Architektur des Protokolls und eine kritische Diskussion seiner Anwendbarkeit im Kontext dezentraler Bildungsplattformen zu geben, die eine offene, nutzergesteuerte Erstellung, Verwaltung und Verteilung von Inhalten fördern und damit den Prinzipien des OEP entsprechen.
2. Hintergrund und Motivation
Die Entwicklung der sozialen Medien in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten war geprägt von zunehmend zentralisierten Plattformen, die sowohl die digitale Identität der Nutzer als auch die von ihnen erstellten Inhalte kontrollieren, was oft zu Zensur, algorithmischer Manipulation und Einzelausfällen führt. Im Gegensatz dazu haben sich dezentralisierte Social-Media-Protokolle wie Nostr als innovative Antwort auf diese Zentralisierungsfallen entwickelt, die offene, kryptografisch sichere und verteilte Architekturen verwenden. Nostr wurde mit dem ausdrücklichen Schwerpunkt konzipiert, den Nutzern die volle Kontrolle über ihre Kontoauthentifizierung und digitale Identität zu geben, was durch die Verwaltung von kryptografischen Schlüsselpaaren analog zu denen in Bitcoin-Wallets erreicht wird. Dieses Modell verbessert nicht nur die zensurresistenten Eigenschaften der Plattform, sondern verändert auch grundlegend die Machtdynamik in traditionellen sozialen Netzwerken, da es die Abhängigkeit von zentralen Behörden minimiert und die Möglichkeiten der Ausbeutung und Überwachung verringert. Im Kontext von Bildungsökosystemen bieten diese Merkmale eine solide Grundlage für die Entwicklung von Plattformen, die transparent, partizipatorisch und widerstandsfähig sind, da sie die gemeinsame Nutzung und kontinuierliche Weiterentwicklung von Bildungsressourcen ohne zentralisierte Kontrolle oder Unternehmenssteuerung unterstützen.
3. Technische Architektur von Nostr
Die Architektur von Nostr basiert in erster Linie auf zwei integralen Komponenten: Clients und Relays. Clients sind die benutzerseitigen Anwendungen, die die Erstellung, Veröffentlichung und Aggregation von Inhalten ermöglichen, während Relays Server sind, die von den Benutzern generierte Nachrichten, so genannte "Events", empfangen, speichern und weiterleiten. Eine der wichtigsten Neuerungen des Nostr-Protokolls ist die radikale Entkopplung der traditionellen Client-Server-Beziehung: Die Relais müssen sich nicht synchronisieren oder miteinander kommunizieren, was bedeutet, dass die Replikation von Inhalten und die Aggregation von Daten zwischen den Räumen vollständig auf der Client-Seite stattfindet. Dies minimiert die zentrale Kontrolle und schafft ein verteiltes, relaisbasiertes System, das von Natur aus resistent gegen Zensur ist, da die Dichte der verfügbaren Relays und die Möglichkeit der Nutzer, sich mit mehreren Relays zu verbinden, sicherstellen, dass die Inhalte auch dann zugänglich bleiben, wenn bestimmte Relays ausfallen oder kompromittiert sind.
In Nostr sind Ereignisse als JSON-Objekte strukturiert, die einem definierten Schema mit verschiedenen "Arten" (NIPs) entsprechen, um spezifische Funktionalitäten und andere zukünftige Erweiterungen zu unterstützen. Jedes Ereignis wird mit dem privaten kryptografischen Schlüssel des Nutzers digital signiert, was die Authentizität und Integrität der Daten garantiert und gleichzeitig eine sichere, pseudonyme Interaktion ermöglicht. Da innerhalb des Protokolls keine zentrale Behörde oder ein einziger Identitätsspeicher existiert, behalten die Nutzer die vollständige Kontrolle über ihre digitalen Identitäten, und wenn der private Schlüssel verloren geht, ist das entsprechende Konto unwiederbringlich. Dieser Ansatz verankert den Grundsatz, dass Identität sowohl dezentralisiert als auch unveränderlich ist, und stärkt die individuelle Kontrolle über persönliche Daten und Inhalte.
Da die Relays unabhängig voneinander von verschiedenen Betreibern verwaltet und nicht von zentralen Diensten koordiniert werden, können die Benutzer mehrere Relays auswählen, um die Bereitstellung und Replikation von Inhalten zu optimieren. Diese architektonische Entscheidung verbessert die Redundanz und Ausfallsicherheit erheblich, bringt aber gleichzeitig technische Herausforderungen in Bezug auf Standardisierung, Moderation und effiziente Kommunikation zwischen den Clients mit sich. Nostr integriert auch Bitcoin-basierte Mikrozahlungen (bekannt als "Zaps"), um finanzielle Anreize für den Betrieb von Relay-Servern zu schaffen und so die Herausforderungen der wirtschaftlichen Nachhaltigkeit in einer dezentralen Infrastruktur zu bewältigen. Die Design-Entscheidungen in Nostr fördern Offenheit und Innovation, indem sie es jeder Person oder Organisation mit ausreichenden technischen Fähigkeiten erlauben, ein Relay zu hosten oder einen Client zu entwickeln, was zu einem lebendigen Ökosystem von verschiedenen Anwendungen und Diensten führt.
4. Identitätsmanagement und Moderation
Im Mittelpunkt des dezentralen Paradigmas von Nostr steht der Ansatz der Identitätsverwaltung, der sich von traditionellen Systemen unterscheidet, bei denen Identitäten als Kontodaten von zentralen Servern verwaltet werden. Bei Nostr verfügt jeder Benutzer über ein einzigartiges kryptografisches Schlüsselpaar, wobei der öffentliche Schlüssel als dauerhafte digitale Kennung und der private Schlüssel als Mittel zum Signieren aller Aktionen und Ereignisse dient. Dieses kryptonative Modell gewährleistet nicht nur robuste Sicherheit und Authentizität, sondern überlässt den Nutzern auch die alleinige Verantwortung für die Verwaltung ihrer Schlüssel - was sowohl die Freiheit als auch das Risiko eines vollständig dezentralen Identitätssystems unterstreicht.Dieses empfindliche Gleichgewicht unterstreicht die Autonomie der Nutzer und steht im Einklang mit dem breiteren Ethos dezentraler sozialer Medien, in denen keine einzelne Instanz die Identität einer Person ohne Zugang zu ihrem privaten Schlüssel außer Kraft setzen oder manipulieren kann.
Die Moderation in Nostr ist aufgrund des dezentralen Kuratierungsmodells noch komplexer. Die Inhalte werden nicht von einer zentralen Behörde moderiert, sondern durch eine Kombination aus relaisspezifischen Richtlinien und clientseitigen Kontrollen, wie z. B. benutzerdefinierte Listen für persönliche Kuratoren oder Sperr-/Stummschaltungsfunktionen. Dieser Ansatz fördert zwar die freie Meinungsäußerung und unterstützt eine Vielzahl von Standpunkten, kann aber auch zu uneinheitlichen Moderationsrichtlinien und fragmentierten Nutzererfahrungen auf verschiedenen Relays und Clients führen, was für die Nutzer eine erhebliche technische und verhaltensbezogene Belastung darstellt, wenn sie ihre digitalen Umgebungen kuratieren wollen.
5. Skalierbarkeit und Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Zensur
Ein entscheidendes Merkmal des Nostr-Protokolls ist sein hohes Maß an Skalierbarkeit und Zensurresistenz, das durch seine verteilte, relaisbasierte Architektur erreicht wird. Durch die Dezentralisierung der Speicherung und Verbreitung von Inhalten auf zahlreiche unabhängige Relays entschärft Nostr die üblichen Schwachstellen zentralisierter sozialer Plattformen, wie z. B. Single Points of Failure oder das Potenzial für staatliche oder unternehmensgesteuerte Zensur. Mehrere Relays können gleichzeitig arbeiten, wodurch sichergestellt wird, dass die Stabilität des Netzwerks auch dann erhalten bleibt, wenn einige von ihnen vom Netz genommen werden oder behördlichem Druck ausgesetzt sind, und dass Inhalte für Kunden, die mit alternativen Relays verbunden sind, zugänglich bleiben.
Die Skalierbarkeit von Nostr wird dadurch verbessert, dass sich die Nutzenden gleichzeitig mit mehreren Relays verbinden können, was die Replikation von Inhalten über ein globales Netz von Servern ermöglicht, das sich über zahlreiche geografische Regionen und autonome Systeme erstreckt. Dieser Replikationsmechanismus bringt jedoch Herausforderungen mit sich, wie z. B. eine erhöhte Redundanz bei der Speicher- und Bandbreitennutzung, die eine sorgfältige Optimierung und die Entwicklung innovativer clientseitiger Strategien erfordern, um den Datenabruf zu verwalten und den Overhead zu reduzieren, ohne die Verfügbarkeit zu beeinträchtigen. Darüber hinaus trägt die Dezentralisierung der Zuständigkeiten für Kuratierung und Moderation zu einer dynamischen Umgebung bei, in der Inhalte sowohl gegen erzwungene Löschungen resistent als auch an die Bedürfnisse der Nutzer anpassbar sind, wenn auch auf Kosten von Einheitlichkeit und vorhersehbarer Nutzererfahrung.
6. Vergleich mit föderierten und zentralisierten Modellen
Das Aufkommen dezentraler Protokolle wie Nostr steht in scharfem Kontrast zu föderierten Netzwerken wie Mastodon, die das ActivityPub-Protokoll verwenden. Während föderierte Systeme die Kontrolle über unabhängige Instanzen verteilen, verlassen sie sich immer noch auf ein gewisses Maß an Zentralisierung auf der Ebene jeder einzelnen Instanz, von denen jede ihre eigenen Richtlinien bezüglich Moderation, Identitätsüberprüfung und Inhaltszensur durchsetzt. In diesen Systemen ist die Verwaltung zwar auf mehrere Knotenpunkte verteilt, aber es besteht eine Abhängigkeit von Serveradministratoren, die erhebliche Macht über den Inhalt und die Identität der Benutzer haben; dies steht im Gegensatz zu Nostrs vollständig kundenorientiertem Kurations- und Identitätsverwaltungsmodell, das darauf abzielt, jeden einzelnen Kontrollpunkt zu eliminieren.
In zentralisierten Architekturen werden Benutzerdaten und -identitäten auf proprietäre und undurchsichtige Weise verwaltet, wodurch Inhalte den Launen von Unternehmensrichtlinien und externem Druck ausgesetzt werden, was zu Überwachung, gezielter Zensur oder einseitiger algorithmischer Manipulation von Inhalten führen kann. Das Design von Nostr - das auf kryptografischer Authentifizierung, clientseitiger Datenaggregation und dem erlaubnisfreien Betrieb von Relay-Servern beruht - stellt eine radikale Abkehr dar, die das Gleichgewicht der Macht fest in die Hände der einzelnen Nutzer und nicht in die Hände zentraler Behörden legt.
7. Implikationen für Bildungsplattformen
Das Potenzial für die Integration des dezentralen Protokolls von Nostr in Bildungsplattformen bietet eine transformative Gelegenheit zur Unterstützung von Open Educational Practices (OEP). OEP legt den Schwerpunkt auf Inklusion, Autonomie der Lernenden, kollaborative Wissenserstellung und offenen Zugang zu Bildungsressourcen. Herkömmliche Bildungsplattformen sind oft durch zentralisierte Architekturen eingeschränkt, die den Zugang behindern und Innovationen unterdrücken können, da sie auf einzelne administrative Kontrollen und proprietäre Content-Management-Systeme angewiesen sind.
Durch die Nutzung der dezentralen Infrastruktur von Nostr können Bildungsplattformen aufgebaut werden, die es Lehrenden und Lernenden ermöglichen, die volle Kontrolle über ihre digitalen Identitäten und Bildungsinhalte zu behalten, ohne das Risiko von Zensur oder externer Einmischung. In solchen Systemen verwaltet jeder Teilnehmer seine eigene Identität mithilfe von kryptografischen Schlüsseln, wodurch sichergestellt wird, dass Bildungsleistungen, Beiträge und Zeugnisse auf überprüfbare und unveränderliche Weise aufgezeichnet werden. Dies fördert ein Umfeld, in dem die Schaffung und Verbreitung von Wissen wirklich von den Teilnehmern selbst bestimmt wird, frei von den Zwängen, die von zentralen Torwächtern auferlegt werden.
Darüber hinaus bietet die relaisbasierte Architektur von Nostr eine beispiellose Skalierbarkeit und Ausfallsicherheit - Eigenschaften, die für ein Bildungsökosystem, das eine Vielzahl von Nutzern mit unterschiedlichem geografischen und sozioökonomischen Hintergrund unterstützen muss, unerlässlich sind. Bildungsinhalte - von digitalen Lehrbüchern und Multimedia-Vorlesungen bis hin zu interaktiven Diskursen und gemeinschaftlichen Projekten - können gespeichert und über mehrere Relays repliziert werden, um sicherzustellen, dass der Zugang auch bei lokalen Netzwerkausfällen oder Zensurversuchen erhalten bleibt.
Das offene Protokoll von Nostr ist außerdem eine ideale Grundlage für die Entwicklung interoperabler Bildungsplattformen, auf denen Drittentwickler und Bildungseinrichtungen maßgeschneiderte Clients und Anwendungen für pädagogische Zwecke erstellen können. Dieser Ansatz fördert ein vielfältiges Ökosystem von Bildungswerkzeugen und -diensten, die nahtlos zusammenarbeiten, ohne auf eine einzige proprietäre Plattform beschränkt zu sein, und steht damit im Einklang mit dem Ethos des OEP. Pädagogen können digitale Lernumgebungen entwerfen, die die kollaborative Erstellung von Inhalten, Peer-Reviews und Community-gesteuerte Kuration unterstützen und gleichzeitig von der Sicherheit und Transparenz profitieren, die das kryptografische Grundgerüst von Nostr bietet.
Darüber hinaus gewährleistet die inhärente Zensurresistenz von Nostr, dass Bildungsinhalte zugänglich und frei von staatlichen oder unternehmerischen Eingriffen bleiben - ein besonders wichtiger Aspekt für Lernende in Regionen, in denen der Zugang zu Informationen eingeschränkt oder überwacht wird. Diese Widerstandsfähigkeit untermauert nicht nur die demokratische Verbreitung von Wissen, sondern unterstützt auch den Grundsatz eines digitalen Gemeinguts, bei dem Bildungsressourcen kollektiv verwaltet und gemeinsam genutzt werden. In diesem Zusammenhang kann Nostr genutzt werden, um Bildungsplattformen zu entwickeln, die nicht nur robust und integrativ sind, sondern auch auf die Bedürfnisse marginalisierter oder unterrepräsentierter Gemeinschaften abgestimmt sind.
Zusätzlich zu diesen strukturellen Vorteilen kann die finanzielle Nachhaltigkeit dezentraler Bildungsplattformen durch die Integration von auf Kryptowährungen basierenden Anreizmechanismen gestärkt werden - wie die Unterstützung von Nostr für Bitcoin Lightning "Zaps" zeigt. Diese Micropayment-Systeme eröffnen Möglichkeiten für neuartige Finanzierungsmodelle, die Pädagogen und Inhaltsersteller direkt belohnen und so die Abhängigkeit von werbebasierten Einnahmen oder zentralisierten Finanzierungsströmen verringern, die häufig die Integrität der Bildung gefährden. Solche wirtschaftlichen Anreize können auch den Betrieb und die Wartung von Relay-Servern unterstützen und so sicherstellen, dass die dezentrale Infrastruktur belastbar und kontinuierlich für Bildungszwecke verfügbar bleibt.
8. Möglichkeiten für kollaboratives und kultursensibles Lernen
Über die technische Stabilität und Skalierbarkeit hinaus bietet die dezentrale Natur von Nostr bedeutende Möglichkeiten zur Förderung von kollaborativem Lernen und kultursensibler Pädagogik. Dezentralisierte Bildungsplattformen, die auf Nostr aufbauen, können lokale Gemeinschaften in die Lage versetzen, Inhalte zu erstellen und zu kuratieren, die kontextuell relevant und kulturell angemessen sind - ein entscheidender Faktor bei der Förderung von Bildungsgerechtigkeit und Inklusivität. In Umgebungen, in denen Mainstream-Bildungstechnologien als von oben nach unten betrachtet werden und nicht mit lokalen Werten oder pädagogischen Ansätzen übereinstimmen, ermöglicht eine dezentralisierte Infrastruktur die Entwicklung maßgeschneiderter digitaler Lernumgebungen, die lokale Kulturen, Sprachen und Traditionen widerspiegeln.
Dieser gemeinschaftsorientierte Bildungsansatz fördert das Gefühl der Eigenverantwortung bei Lernenden und Lehrenden gleichermaßen und ermutigt zur gemeinschaftlichen Schaffung von Wissen, das unterschiedliche Erkenntnistheorien respektiert. So können Pädagogen beispielsweise dezentrale "Lernräume" einrichten, in denen Open-Source-Lernmaterialien, Werkzeuge für die digitale Kompetenz und innovative Lehrmethoden gemeinsam genutzt und durch partizipatives Engagement kontinuierlich weiterentwickelt werden. In einem solchen Modell verschwimmen die Grenzen zwischen Lernenden und Lehrenden, was einen fließenden Ideenaustausch und die gemeinsame Schaffung von Wissen ermöglicht, die im Mittelpunkt offener Bildungspraktiken stehen.
Darüber hinaus ermöglicht die Flexibilität der Client-zentrierten Architektur von Nostr die Entwicklung von spezialisierten Bildungsclients, die auf die jeweiligen Lernstile und Disziplinen zugeschnitten sind. Diese Clients könnten Funktionen wie erweiterte Such- und Filterfunktionen für Bildungsinhalte, integrierte Anmerkungswerkzeuge für die gemeinsame Bearbeitung von Dokumenten und interoperable Identitätsmanagementsysteme enthalten, die es den Lernenden ermöglichen, ihre Anmeldedaten nahtlos in verschiedene digitale Lernumgebungen zu übertragen. Solche Innovationen würden nicht nur die Rolle der Nutzerautonomie beim digitalen Lernen stärken, sondern auch die Entwicklung von Bildungsnetzwerken fördern, die belastbar und anpassungsfähig sind und auf die sich verändernden pädagogischen Herausforderungen reagieren können.
9. Herausforderungen und Abhilfestrategien
Trotz der vielversprechenden Möglichkeiten ist die Integration von Nostr in Bildungsplattformen nicht unproblematisch. Gerade die Funktionen, die den Nutzern mehr Möglichkeiten bieten - wie selbstverwaltete kryptografische Schlüssel und dezentralisierte Inhaltsmoderation - führen auch Komplexitäten ein, die die Benutzerfreundlichkeit und Zugänglichkeit behindern können, insbesondere für Personen ohne fortgeschrittene technische Kenntnisse. Die Schlüsselverwaltung stellt beispielsweise eine kritische Schwachstelle dar; der Verlust eines privaten Schlüssels führt unwiderruflich zum Verlust der Identität und des Zugriffs auf die eigenen digitalen Beiträge - ein Risiko, das durch solide Bildungsinitiativen und Mechanismen zur Unterstützung der Nutzer angegangen werden muss.
Die technische Kompetenz von Lehrenden und Lernenden ist in diesem Zusammenhang von größter Bedeutung und erfordert die Entwicklung umfassender Einführungsverfahren, benutzerfreundlicher Schnittstellen und Hilfsmittel, die kryptografische Konzepte entmystifizieren und die Interaktion mit dezentralen Netzwerken vereinfachen. Zu diesem Zweck könnte der Einsatz intuitiver Bildungsmodule, interaktiver Tutorials und von der Community geleiteter Schulungen technische Barrieren abbauen und gleichzeitig die Entwicklung digitaler Kompetenzen fördern, die für die Navigation in dezentralen Netzwerken unerlässlich sind. Darüber hinaus muss die Herausforderung einer inkonsistenten Moderation und fragmentierten Nutzererfahrung aufgrund der heterogenen Richtlinien unabhängiger Relais und Clients durch die Einrichtung von Community-Governance-Rahmenwerken und interoperablen Standards angegangen werden, die eine Grundlinie der Qualität und Sicherheit auf der gesamten Plattform gewährleisten.
Strategien zur Bewältigung des mit der Skalierbarkeit verbundenen Overheads - wie etwa die redundante Replikation von Beiträgen über eine übermäßige Anzahl von Relays - sollten sich auf die Implementierung clientseitiger Optimierungstechniken konzentrieren, die die Ineffizienz von Bandbreite und Speicherplatz verringern, ohne die Belastbarkeit und Zugänglichkeit des Netzwerks zu beeinträchtigen. Kontinuierliche Forschung und iterative Verfeinerung werden notwendig sein, um ein Gleichgewicht zwischen den Vorteilen der Dezentralisierung und der ihr innewohnenden betrieblichen Komplexität zu finden und sicherzustellen, dass auf Nostr basierende Bildungsplattformen sowohl robust als auch benutzerfreundlich bleiben können.
10. Zukünftige Richtungen und Forschungsmöglichkeiten
Die Einbindung von Nostr in Bildungsplattformen stellt ein fruchtbares Gebiet für Forschung und Entwicklung dar, das zahlreiche Möglichkeiten zur Erkundung bietet. Zukünftige Arbeiten könnten das Design interoperabler Bildungsrahmenwerke erforschen, die die dezentrale Architektur von Nostr mit aufkommenden Technologien wie künstlicher Intelligenz, Blockchain-basiertem Credentialing und fortschrittlichen kryptographischen Techniken integrieren, um die Sicherheit, Zugänglichkeit und Authentizität in digitalen Lernumgebungen weiter zu verbessern. Die Erforschung gemeinschaftsbasierter Governance-Modelle ist ebenfalls gerechtfertigt, da dezentrale Plattformen Mechanismen für die kollektive Entscheidungsfindung und Konfliktlösung erfordern, die mit den Grundsätzen einer offenen, partizipativen Bildung vereinbar sind.
Ein möglicher Weg ist die Entwicklung modularer, quelloffener Bildungs-Clients, die sich nahtlos mit verschiedenen Relais verbinden lassen und den Lehrkräften leistungsstarke Tools zur Kuratierung und Moderation von Inhalten bieten. Diese Clients könnten anpassbare Dashboards, Module für die Zusammenarbeit in Echtzeit und integrierte Unterstützung für Mikrozahlungen oder Anreizstrukturen bieten, um sicherzustellen, dass Bildungsinhalte sowohl dynamisch als auch finanziell nachhaltig bleiben. Darüber hinaus könnte die Einrichtung digitaler Identitätsrahmen, die auf den kryptografischen Prinzipien von Nostr aufbauen, zu innovativen Modellen für die Überprüfung akademischer Zeugnisse, die Verfolgung des Lernfortschritts und die Erleichterung der plattformübergreifenden Anerkennung von Bildungsleistungen führen, und das alles ohne die Aufsicht zentralisierter Registrierungsbehörden.
Die Schnittstelle zwischen digitaler Kompetenz und ethischer digitaler Bürgerschaft ist ein weiteres vielversprechendes Forschungsgebiet. In dem Maße, in dem Pädagogen dezentrale Bildungstechnologien in die Lehrpläne integrieren, wird es zwingend notwendig, Lehrmethoden zu entwickeln, die nicht nur technische Kenntnisse, sondern auch die kritischen und moralischen Fähigkeiten vermitteln, die für die Arbeit in einem dezentralen digitalen Ökosystem erforderlich sind. Solche pädagogischen Strategien sollten Schulungen zum Schlüsselmanagement, zur Verifizierung digitaler Identitäten und zum Verständnis der Kompromisse umfassen, die mit dezentralisierten und zentralisierten Technologiemodellen einhergehen, um den Schülern eine ausgewogene Perspektive auf digitale Rechte, Verantwortlichkeiten und Möglichkeiten zu vermitteln.
Die Zusammenarbeit zwischen akademischen Institutionen, Open-Source-Gemeinschaften und Innovatoren dezentraler Technologien wird entscheidend sein, um diese Forschungsagenden voranzutreiben und die Entwicklung von Bildungslabors und Pilotprojekten zu fördern, die die praktischen Auswirkungen und Vorteile dezentraler Bildungsplattformen auf der Grundlage von Nostr erforschen. Solche Initiativen könnten als lebende Laboratorien zum Testen neuer Werkzeuge, Methoden und Governance-Strategien dienen, mit dem Ziel, das Gleichgewicht zwischen dem Versprechen der Dezentralisierung und ihren praktischen Herausforderungen schrittweise zu verfeinern.
11. Schlußfolgerung
Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass Nostr eine bahnbrechende Entwicklung in der Architektur sozialer Medien darstellt, die die Beziehung zwischen Nutzern, Inhalten und Netzwerkinfrastruktur durch ein dezentralisiertes, kryptographisch gesichertes und klientenzentriertes Modell neu definiert. Das relaisbasierte Design, die dezentrale Identitätsverwaltung und die offene Architektur bieten erhebliche Vorteile gegenüber herkömmlichen zentralisierten und föderierten Systemen in Bezug auf Zensurresistenz, Skalierbarkeit und Benutzerautonomie. Diese technischen Innovationen haben weitreichende Auswirkungen auf die Entwicklung von Bildungsplattformen, die den Grundsätzen der Open Educational Practices entsprechen. Durch die Unterstützung von nutzergesteuerten Identitäten, stabiler Replikation von Inhalten und gemeinschaftsgesteuerter Verwaltung bietet Nostr eine Infrastruktur für dezentrale Bildungsökosysteme, die Inklusion, Zusammenarbeit und kontinuierliche Innovation fördern.
Der Einsatz von Nostr in Bildungskontexten verspricht, Lernende und Lehrende in die Lage zu versetzen, Bildungsinhalte frei von zentralisierten Einschränkungen und externer Zensur zu erstellen, zu teilen und gemeinschaftlich weiterzuentwickeln. Gleichzeitig erfordern die Herausforderungen, die mit der technischen Komplexität, der Schlüsselverwaltung und der inkonsistenten Moderation verbunden sind, kontinuierliche Forschung und die Entwicklung unterstützender Werkzeuge. Wenn diese Probleme durch gezielte Maßnahmen wie benutzerfreundliche Schnittstellen, umfassende Programme für digitale Kompetenz und gemeinschaftsbasierte Governance-Modelle angegangen werden, können die Beteiligten das volle Potenzial von Nostr nutzen, um dezentrale, offene und partizipative Bildungsplattformen zu schaffen, die den Geist von Open Educational Practices wirklich verkörpern.
Letztendlich stellt die Integration von Nostr in dezentralisierte Bildungsplattformen nicht nur eine technische Entwicklung dar, sondern auch einen gesellschaftspolitischen Wandel hin zu größerer Dezentralisierung, Ermächtigung der Nutzer und digitaler Souveränität. Diese Ausrichtung an den Werten des OEP definiert nicht nur die Verbreitung und den Konsum von Bildungsinhalten neu, sondern ist auch Katalysator für breitere Diskussionen über digitale Rechte, Inklusion und ethische Teilhabe an der digitalen Allmende. Das Potenzial solcher Plattformen, kontextrelevante, zensurresistente und kollaborativ kuratierte Bildungsressourcen bereitzustellen, ist ein entscheidender Schritt, um die Zukunft der digitalen Bildung neu zu gestalten.
Fazit
Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass die innovative Architektur von Nostr, die auf einer kryptografischen Schlüsselverwaltung und dezentralen Relay-Netzwerken basiert, den Grundstein für eine neue Generation von Bildungsplattformen legt, die die Einschränkungen zentralisierter Systeme überwinden können. Ihre Fähigkeit, belastbare, sichere und nutzerzentrierte digitale Umgebungen bereitzustellen, steht in perfektem Einklang mit den Grundsätzen offener Bildungspraktiken und bietet Lehrenden und Lernenden eine noch nie dagewesene Kontrolle über ihre digitalen Interaktionen und Inhalte. Kontinuierliche Forschung, interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit und gezielte Bildungsinitiativen werden unerlässlich sein, um dieses Potenzial voll auszuschöpfen und sicherzustellen, dass die Vorteile der Dezentralisierung allen Mitgliedern der Bildungsgemeinschaft zugänglich sind.
Durch den strategischen Einsatz von Nostr-basierten Bildungsplattformen kann die Zukunft des Lernens als ein Bereich neu konzipiert werden, in dem offener Zugang, Autonomie der Lernenden und gemeinschaftsgesteuerte Wissensbildung nicht nur möglich, sondern unvermeidlich sind - eine Zukunft, in der dezentrale Infrastrukturen eine gerechtere, transparentere und partizipativere digitale Bildungslandschaft ermöglichen.
Dieser Beitrag hat daher eine ausführliche Einführung in die technischen und konzeptionellen Grundlagen von Nostr gegeben, die Mechanismen beschrieben, mit denen Nostr Dezentralisierung und Zensurresistenz erreicht, und seine bedeutenden Auswirkungen auf die Zukunft von Bildungsplattformen im Rahmen von Open Educational Practices untersucht. Die Synergie zwischen dem dezentralen Paradigma von Nostr und dem demokratischen, inklusiven Ethos von OEP birgt ein transformatives Versprechen für die Neugestaltung der digitalen Bildung in einer Weise, die Offenheit, Sicherheit und lebenslanges Lernen für eine globale Gemeinschaft fördert.
Indem sie aufkommende dezentralisierte Protokolle wie Nostr als grundlegende Infrastrukturkomponenten von Bildungsplattformen nutzen, können Stakeholder eine ganzheitliche digitale Transformation vorantreiben, die Technologie, Pädagogik und Ethik vereint und ein Paradigma einführt, in dem Bildungsgerechtigkeit und digitale Selbstbestimmung keine Wünsche, sondern realisierte Prinzipien unserer vernetzten Gesellschaft sind.
Verwendete Quellen:
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Seeing the Politics of Decentralized Social Media Protocols. S Hwang, AX Zhang. ArXiv (2025). <https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2505.22962>
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Navigating Decentralized Online Social Networks: An Overview of Technical and Societal Challenges in Architectural Choices. Ujun Jeong, L. Ng, K. Carley, Huan Liu. ArXiv (2504). <https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2504.00071>
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Towards Decentralized Applications. X Ma. 2024. <https://escholarship.org/content/qt0j7044w0/qt0j7044w0_noSplash_c638cdfda170244b9abf750f654399f1.pdf>
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Decentralized Social Networking Protocol (DSNP) and User Empowerment: An Analysis of Online Identity Ownership, Data Privacy, and Comparative Assessment with Other Decentralized Protocols. M Nay . 2024. <https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/156782/nay-mnay-meng-eecs-2024-thesis.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y>
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A Kantian Right to Fediverse Access, or: for a digital enlightenment on the social web. JN Bingemann . <https://philarchive.org/archive/BINAKR>
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Exploring the Nostr Ecosystem: A Study of Decentralization and Resilience. Yiluo Wei, Gareth Tyson. ArXiv (2402). <https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2402.05709>
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Money and Trust in Metaverses, Bitcoin and Stablecoins in global social XR. John O'Hare, Allen J. Fairchild, U. Ali. ArXiv (2207). <https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2207.09460>
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FEDSTR: Money-In AI-Out | A Decentralized Marketplace for Federated Learning and LLM Training on the NOSTR Protocol. Konstantinos E. Nikolakakis, George Chantzialexiou, Dionysis Kalogerias. ArXiv (2024). <https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2404.15834>
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"Sumud" as Connected Learning: Towards a Collective Digital Commons in Palestine.. H Scott, M Ujvari, AMA Bakeer. 2025. <https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1464483.pdf>
Erstellt mit Unterstützung von FutureHouse, Perplexity, Deepl, Ideogram und ChatGPT.
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@ b1ddb4d7:471244e7
2025-06-04 18:02:03
“Not your keys, not your coins” isn’t a slogan—it’s a survival mantra in the age of digital sovereignty.
The seismic collapses of Mt. Gox (2014) and FTX (2022) weren’t anomalies; they were wake-up calls. When $8.7 billion in customer funds vanished with FTX, it exposed the fatal flaw of third-party custody: your bitcoin is only as secure as your custodian’s weakest link.
Yet today, As of early 2025, analysts estimate that between 2.3 million and 3.7 million Bitcoins are permanently lost, representing approximately 11–18% of bitcoin’s fixed maximum supply of 21 million coins, with some reports suggesting losses as high as 4 million BTC. This paradox reveals a critical truth: self-custody isn’t just preferable—it’s essential—but it must be done right.
The Custody Spectrum
Custodial Wallets (The Illusion of Control)
- Rehypothecation Risk: Most platforms lend your bitcoin for yield generation. When Celsius collapsed, users discovered their “held” bitcoin was loaned out in risky strategies.
- Account Freezes: Regulatory actions can lock withdrawals overnight. In 2023, Binance suspended dollar withdrawals for U.S. users citing “partner bank issues,” trapping funds for weeks.
- Data Vulnerability: KYC requirements create honeypots for hackers. The 2024 Ledger breach exposed 270,000 users’ personal data despite hardware security.
True Self-Custody
Self-custody means exclusively controlling your private keys—the cryptographic strings that prove bitcoin ownership. Unlike banks or exchanges, self-custody eliminates:- Counterparty risk (no FTX-style implosions)
- Censorship (no blocked transactions)
- Inflationary theft (no fractional reserve lending)
Conquering the Three Great Fears of Self-Custody
Fear 1: “I’ll Lose Everything If I Make a Mistake”
Reality: Human error is manageable with robust systems:
- Test Transactions: Always send a micro-amount (0.00001 BTC) before large transfers. Verify receipt AND ability to send back.
- Multi-Backup Protocol: Store seed phrases on fireproof/waterproof steel plates (not paper!). Distribute copies geographically—one in a home safe, another with trusted family 100+ miles away.
- SLIP39 Sharding: Split your seed into fragments requiring 3-of-5 shards to reconstruct. No single point of failure.
Fear 2: “Hackers Will Steal My Keys”
Reality: Offline storage defeats remote attacks:
- Hardware Wallets: Devices like Bitkey or Ledger keep keys in “cold storage”—isolated from internet-connected devices. Transactions require physical confirmation.
- Multisig Vaults: Bitvault’s multi-sig system requires attackers compromise multiple locations/devices simultaneously. Even losing two keys won’t forfeit funds.
- Air-Gapped Verification: Use dedicated offline devices for wallet setup. Never type seeds on internet-connected machines.
Fear 3: “My Family Can’t Access It If I Die”
Reality: Inheritance is solvable:
- Dead Man Switches: Bitwarden’s emergency access allows trusted contacts to retrieve encrypted keys after a pre-set waiting period (e.g., 30 days).
- Inheritance Protocols: Bitkey’s inheritance solution shares decryption keys via designated beneficiaries’ emails. Requires multiple approvals to prevent abuse.
- Public Key Registries: Share wallet XPUBs (not private keys!) with heirs. They can monitor balances but not spend, ensuring transparency without risk.
The Freedom Dividend
- Censorship Resistance: Send $10M BTC to a Wikileaks wallet without Visa/Mastercard blocking it.
- Privacy Preservation: Avoid KYC surveillance—non-custodial wallets like Flash require zero ID verification.
- Protocol Access: Participate in bitcoin-native innovations (Lightning Network, DLCs) only possible with self-custodied keys.
- Black Swan Immunity: When Cyprus-style bank bailins happen, your bitcoin remains untouched in your vault.
The Sovereign’s Checklist
- Withdraw from Exchanges: Move all BTC > $1,000 to self-custody immediately.
- Buy Hardware Wallet: Purchase DIRECTLY from manufacturer (no Amazon!) to avoid supply-chain tampering.
- Generate Seed OFFLINE: Use air-gapped device, write phrase on steel—never digitally.
- Test Recovery: Delete wallet, restore from seed before funding.
- Implement Multisig: For > $75k, use Bitvault for 2-of-3 multi-sig setup.
- Create Inheritance Plan: Share XPUBs/SLIP39 shards with heirs + legal documents.
“Self-custody isn’t about avoiding risk—it’s about transferring risk from opaque institutions to transparent, controllable systems you design.”
The Inevitable Evolution: Custody Without Compromise
Emerging solutions are erasing old tradeoffs:
- MPC Wallets: Services like Xapo Bank shatter keys into encrypted fragments distributed globally. No single device holds full keys, defeating physical theft.
- Social Recovery: Ethically designed networks (e.g., Bitkey) let trusted contacts restore access without custodial control.
- Biometric Assurance: Fingerprint reset protocols prevent lockouts from physical injuries.
Lost keys = lost bitcoin. But consider the alternative: entrusting your life savings to entities with proven 8% annual failure rates among exchanges. Self-custody shifts responsibility from hoping institutions won’t fail to knowing your system can’t fail without your consent.
Take action today: Move one coin. Test one recovery. Share one xpub. The path to unchained wealth begins with a single satoshi under your control.
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@ da8b7de1:c0164aee
2025-06-04 16:37:07
Nukleáris politika és szabályozási fejlemények
A Nemzetközi Atomenergia-ügynökség (IAEA) Kormányzótanácsa 2025. június 9-én kezdi meg szokásos júniusi ülését Bécsben. A főbb napirendi pontok között szerepel a 2024-es éves jelentés, a technikai együttműködési tevékenységek, az iráni ellenőrzés és felügyelet, az ellenőrzések végrehajtása Észak-Koreában és Szíriában, a nukleáris biztonság és védelem Ukrajnában, valamint a nukleáris anyagok átruházása és ellenőrzése az AUKUS-keretében. Az ülésen új tagokat is kijelölnek a Kormányzótanácsba, és előkészítik a 69. rendes közgyűlést[iaea.org].
Jelentős projektek és iparági bővülés
Az amerikai Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) benyújtotta kérelmét az Egyesült Államok Nukleáris Szabályozási Bizottságához egy GE Vernova Hitachi BWRX-300 kis moduláris reaktor (SMR) megépítésére a Clinch River telephelyen, ami jelentős lépés az amerikai fejlett nukleáris technológiák elterjesztésében[world-nuclear-news.org]. Kanadában a hatóság engedélyezte az Ontario Power Generation számára, hogy egy BWRX-300 reaktort építsen a Darlington New Nuclear Project helyszínen, ezzel tovább haladva az észak-amerikai SMR-projektek terén[world-nuclear-news.org].
India nukleáris szabályozója jóváhagyta a négyblokkos Mahi Banswara Rajasthan Atomerőmű telephelyét, Kínában pedig folytatódnak a szerelési munkák a Haiyang 3 egységen. Eközben Belgium és Dánia felülvizsgálják nukleáris politikájukat: Belgium visszavonja a korábbi leállítási döntést, Dánia pedig újragondolja álláspontját[world-nuclear-news.org].
Ellátási lánc, munkaerő és nemzetközi együttműködés
A nukleáris kapacitás várható gyors növekedése miatt egyre nagyobb hangsúly kerül mind a helyi, mind a globális ellátási lánc felkészítésére. A World Nuclear Association legutóbbi konferenciája kiemelte az ellátási lánc „globalizációjának” fontosságát a bővülés támogatásához[world-nuclear-news.org]. A nukleáris munkaerő világszerte növekedni fog, ami új lehetőségeket teremt, nem pedig hiányt. Az iparági szakértők hangsúlyozzák a jelentkezők tapasztalatának javítását és a szektorok közötti készségek hasznosítását a jövőbeni igények kielégítésére[world-nuclear-news.org].
A nemzetközi szabályozói együttműködés is fejlődik, különösen a kis moduláris reaktorok (SMR) tervezési értékelése terén. A brit Nukleáris Szabályozási Hivatal közzétette első jelentését ebben a témában, globális szinten hatékonyabb és összehangoltabb megközelítést célozva[world-nuclear-news.org].
Gazdasági és befektetési trendek
A nukleáris szektorban újra optimizmus tapasztalható, egészséges projektportfóliókkal és növekvő magánbefektetésekkel, különösen a fejlett üzemanyagok, például a HALEU (magas dúsítású urán) terén. A Világbank lehetséges politikai váltása, amely lehetővé tenné nukleáris projektek finanszírozását, jelentős hatással lehet a globális befektetésekre, példát mutatva más hitelezőknek is[ans.org].
Az USA-ban jelentős lépés a Prohibiting Russian Uranium Imports Act életbe lépése, amely megtiltja a feldolgozatlan, alacsony dúsítású orosz urán behozatalát, és 2,72 milliárd dollár szövetségi támogatást szabadít fel a hazai urántermelés fellendítésére. A törvény 2027-ig korlátozott mentességeket engedélyez, 2040-ben pedig lejár[ans.org].
Technológia és innováció
A TerraPower hivatalosan is jelezte a brit hatóságoknak, hogy megkezdi a Natrium nátrium-hűtésű gyorsreaktor általános tervezési engedélyezési folyamatát, ezzel jelezve, hogy a vállalat nemzetközi szinten is be kívánja vezetni ezt a technológiát[world-nuclear-news.org]. Olaszországban új nemzeti bizottság alakult a radioaktív anyagok szállításával kapcsolatos kihívások kezelésére, a megfelelőség és a logisztika egyszerűsítése érdekében[world-nuclear-news.org].
Az Enel, az Ansaldo Energia és a Leonardo megalapította a Nuclitalia céget, hogy tanulmányozza a fejlett nukleáris technológiákat és elemezze a piaci lehetőségeket, ami jól mutatja az európai érdeklődés növekedését a következő generációs nukleáris megoldások iránt[world-nuclear-news.org].
Friss és közelgő események
- Az IAEA Kormányzótanácsának ülése (2025. június 9–13.) számos politikai, biztonsági és védelmi kérdéssel foglalkozik majd[iaea.org].
- Az amerikai Fehér Ház nemrégiben csúcstalálkozót tartott a hazai nukleáris fejlesztésekről, és elindította a legnagyobb szövetségi kezdeményezést az elmúlt ötven évben a hálózati méretű nukleáris reaktorok felgyorsított építésére[ans.org].
Források: - world-nuclear-news.org - iaea.org - ans.org - nucnet.org
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@ 000002de:c05780a7
2025-06-04 17:09:47
I know most of you aren't doing this but I hope this is helpful when talking to your friends and family about bitcoin. Specifically if they bring up Orange Man or have real issues with him.
First off we can see that most of the MAGA / Political Bitcoin cheer-leading is exclusively SoV/NGU and not freedom money. Its basically the crypto types. The shitcoiners. The scammers. I get why this will turn off people that don't love the orange man. I recently heard a technical podcaster say he didn't like being associated with bitcoin (though he said crypto and his co-host is a bitcoin only guy...). I'm here to tell you that's dumb.
Why? I know how dumb it is by experience. Back in the day I was a kid listening to Rush Limbaugh and he was destroying the sky is falling claims I was hearing in government schools. I used to come home freaking out about global warming and the destruction of the rain forests. This was in the 90s btw. Looking back on what Limbaugh said, he's been proven largely right. But that isn't my point. My point is that because of this and because of how dumb many of the environmentalists takes were, I ignored many environmental issues. I would turn off people that called themselves environmentalists. This was a mistake. I was ignoring many other problems with how we use resources and used weak reasoning on others. I seeded caring for the environment to the left. I let myself be sidelined by reactionary thinking.
A few years ago I learned about the Permaculture[^1] way of thinking and it kinda blew my mind. A guy named Jack Spirko said something that stuck with me. Everyone should be an environmentalist. At least to the extent that they care about the planet we all share. Of course we all know this but it flipped a switch in my head. I'd allowed myself to be a reactionary on the environment and harm humans do to the air, water, and soil as well as the creatures. I always cared about these things but it too a dude that I aligned with on many topics to snap me out of my programming.
I think a similar thing can happen with Bitcoin. Don't be reactionary. Just because some people you don't align with or like do like a thing... it doesn't mean that thing is bad. They could be representing it incorrectly. Bitcoin, if it truly is money is apolitical. Now, we can get into economics and dive into the deep end about hard money but the fact is that bitcoin shouldn't really be political in the sense of US politics on the ground. If you are just a voter or pleb you should be adopting bitcoin no matter what any politician says. The republicans and democrats are not that different on many topics and the MAGA movement is just pandering. Don't let the Orange Man turn you off from bitcoin. Don't let the number go up people turn you off. There are people living under oppressive regimes all over the globe that can be helped by bitcoin. We may need it in the US. Don't sleep on this because of a clown. Don't be dumb. Its a great way to stay poor and vulnerable.
[^1]: Permaculture is an ethical design science that uses natural systems to provide all human and ecological needs in a regenerative way.
https://stacker.news/items/997169
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@ 7dfc349d:2609110d
2025-06-04 16:36:07
At this stage in the game, one does not need another alarming news story, another shocking scientific discovery, or even some psuedo-spiritual online-influencer to tell us about the zillions of environmental hazards and dangers to our health that abound in the world we live in.
Cancer rates are up, sperm counts are down, depression rates are sky-high, and general morale is seemingly at an all-time low, and if I'm seeing the same sources and interpreting the same data you are from the commonly accepted "mainstream" media sources, than its hard to argue that an alternative option to all of these things that have made us so sick and depressed is not such an unreasonable one.
The "Norm" has become food laced with chemicals, medical treatments left up to pharmecutical companies, rampant and profound obesity rates, and a crippling nationwide mental health crisis. If that is the case, then we should be looking for some serious answers to these problems by considering what our alternatives really are.
We still tend to view "healthy", "organic", and "physically fit" types of people as a sort of "fringe" population. If the baseline for the majority of the US means being overweight, overburdened and under-active, then actually feeling healthy, stress free and physically fit means you are swimming against the tide of this country's attitudes towards what "health" is. I do not think I need waste any more of yours or my precious time by citing examples, as you can watch the fight play out in real time today in the "mainstream" news.
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So here is where we start looking for solutions, rather than only focusing on the problems, and arguing about things that are right in front of our faces. What we label as "alternative treatments" are often age-old practices that came from one culture or another throughout history. Acupuncture, Massage, Chinese Medicine, Herbalism, and more. All of these have been in practice for thousands of years, but they tend to lack the rigorous scientific data to back them up (though that is rapidly changing), and they also offer fewer opportunities for massive profits by government or private entities.
Most of these alternative medicines and treatments put their focus on how the body is operating as a whole, and they rarely utilize invasive procedures and almost never prescribe pharmaceuticals, unless considered absolutely necessary.
What keeps these types of treatments outside the main stream is precisely that; they do not offer many places for third-party intermediaries to come in and profit. Insurers, medical equipment companies, clinic operators, They would all lose out. A direct patient-provider relationship has been commandeered by insurance providers, drug companies, and MASSIVE incentives for profit and personal gains.
Steps in; Spatial Medicine, and the cohesive future of what we now consider fringe practices about the body. If you can go to one Manual Therapist who is able to help you recover from a variety of issues that would normally have brought you to 5 different specialists and clinics, then who is really losing out, you or them?
When you can get direct access to care from trained and qualified individuals, without needing to ask permission from your health insurer, and without being limited to care options because of it. How does that sound?
When we finally get it in our heads that all of these alternative therapies are more interested in your body working the right way than it appears the mainstream medical conglomerate ever was, than we can stop feeling bad about wanting to actually feel good, and seek the care that fits our needs. There are a litany of trained, licensed, and verifiable practitioners out there who have proven their experience. Sure, this puts a little more onus on you to, but it also ensures you are able to trust and verify your care-providers, instead of having to trust and submit to an unverifiable insurance company or doctor who choses for you.
As a Manual Therapist who aims to distinguish this work from the generically accepted idea of "massage", I can say that I have watched people who've spent years with traditional doctors get over issues in matter of weeks when they work with me. At the very lowest baseline, no one has ever walked out of my office feeling worse than they did when they got there, but more often life-changing healing and pain relief is the result. Alternative and "direct-care" providers will ensure you get the most value for your hard earned money, because we are also getting the most direct, rewarding and ultimately effective relationship we like to have with our clients.
So despite what the mainstream says, trust your gut and make the effort to find out what alternative treatments may actually get you where you'd like to be. Look for providers with experience, and listen to all the options. Most of us take pride in our practices, and strive to provide the best possible care to our clients. As soon as middlemen and third-parties get involved, you are compromising the quality of care, and the personal relationship that is essential to getting better.
If working with ArrowSpine Manual Therapy is something you are curious about, please contact me to set up a phone call or an in-person office visit to learn more!
Sincerly, \ Brian Romanelli, LMT
ArrowSpine Manual Therapy
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@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 17:02:26
What is KYC/AML?
- The acronym stands for Know Your Customer / Anti Money Laundering.
- In practice it stands for the surveillance measures companies are often compelled to take against their customers by financial regulators.
- Methods differ but often include: Passport Scans, Driver License Uploads, Social Security Numbers, Home Address, Phone Number, Face Scans.
- Bitcoin companies will also store all withdrawal and deposit addresses which can then be used to track bitcoin transactions on the bitcoin block chain.
- This data is then stored and shared. Regulations often require companies to hold this information for a set number of years but in practice users should assume this data will be held indefinitely. Data is often stored insecurely, which results in frequent hacks and leaks.
- KYC/AML data collection puts all honest users at risk of theft, extortion, and persecution while being ineffective at stopping crime. Criminals often use counterfeit, bought, or stolen credentials to get around the requirements. Criminals can buy "verified" accounts for as little as $200. Furthermore, billions of people are excluded from financial services as a result of KYC/AML requirements.
During the early days of bitcoin most services did not require this sensitive user data, but as adoption increased so did the surveillance measures. At this point, most large bitcoin companies are collecting and storing massive lists of bitcoiners, our sensitive personal information, and our transaction history.
Lists of Bitcoiners
KYC/AML policies are a direct attack on bitcoiners. Lists of bitcoiners and our transaction history will inevitably be used against us.
Once you are on a list with your bitcoin transaction history that record will always exist. Generally speaking, tracking bitcoin is based on probability analysis of ownership change. Surveillance firms use various heuristics to determine if you are sending bitcoin to yourself or if ownership is actually changing hands. You can obtain better privacy going forward by using collaborative transactions such as coinjoin to break this probability analysis.
Fortunately, you can buy bitcoin without providing intimate personal information. Tools such as peach, hodlhodl, robosats, azteco and bisq help; mining is also a solid option: anyone can plug a miner into power and internet and earn bitcoin by mining privately.
You can also earn bitcoin by providing goods and/or services that can be purchased with bitcoin. Long term, circular economies will mitigate this threat: most people will not buy bitcoin - they will earn bitcoin - most people will not sell bitcoin - they will spend bitcoin.
There is no such thing as KYC or No KYC bitcoin, there are bitcoiners on lists and those that are not on lists.
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
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@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 17:02:25
People forget Bear Stearns failed March 2008 - months of denial followed before the public realized how bad the situation was under the surface.
Similar happening now but much larger scale. They did not fix fundamental issues after 2008 - everything is more fragile.
The Fed preemptively bailed out every bank with their BTFP program and First Republic Bank still failed. The second largest bank failure in history.
There will be more failures. There will be more bailouts. Depositors will be "protected" by socializing losses across everyone.
Our President and mainstream financial pundits are currently pretending the banking crisis is over while most banks remain insolvent. There are going to be many more bank failures as this ponzi system unravels.
Unlike 2008, we have the ability to opt out of these broken and corrupt institutions by using bitcoin. Bitcoin held in self custody is unique in its lack of counterparty risk - you do not have to trust a bank or other centralized entity to hold it for you. Bitcoin is also incredibly difficult to change by design since it is not controlled by an individual, company, or government - the supply of dollars will inevitably be inflated to bailout these failing banks but bitcoin supply will remain unchanged. I do not need to convince you that bitcoin provides value - these next few years will convince millions.
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
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@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 17:02:24
Will not live in a pod.
Will not eat the bugs.
Will not get the chip.
Will not get a blue check.
Will not use CBDCs.Live Free or Die.
Why did Elon buy twitter for $44 Billion? What value does he see in it besides the greater influence that undoubtedly comes with controlling one of the largest social platforms in the world? We do not need to speculate - he made his intentions incredibly clear in his first meeting with twitter employees after his takeover - WeChat of the West.
To those that do not appreciate freedom, the value prop is clear - WeChat is incredibly powerful and successful in China.
To those that do appreciate freedom, the concern is clear - WeChat has essentially become required to live in China, has surveillance and censorship integrated at its core, and if you are banned from the app your entire livelihood is at risk. Employment, housing, payments, travel, communication, and more become extremely difficult if WeChat censors determine you have acted out of line.
The blue check is the first step in Elon's plan to bring the chinese social credit score system to the west. Users who verify their identity are rewarded with more reach and better tools than those that do not. Verified users are the main product of Elon's twitter - an extensive database of individuals and complete control of the tools he will slowly get them to rely on - it is easier to monetize cattle than free men.
If you cannot resist the temptation of the blue check in its current form you have already lost - what comes next will be much darker. If you realize the need to resist - freedom tech provides us options.
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
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@ 0b118e40:4edc09cb
2025-06-04 15:38:51
The idea of Bitcoin as an internet native currency, and eventually a global one, is coming to life slowly. But historically, the idea of global currency has haunted the world’s financial imagination for nearly a century.
From Keynes’s Bancor in 1944 to Zhou Xiaochuan’s post-crisis proposal in 2009 to today’s renewed debates, the idea resurfaces every time the global economy fractures.
Could this time be different with Bitcoin?
I decided to trace the idea of global currency through several decades and books. I may have missed some parts, so feel free to add. I’ll keep this brief and leave the books I’ve read below.
In the beginning
It all started on July 1, 1944. 730 delegates from 44 Allied nations, including major powers like the US, UK, Soviet Union, China, and France, gathered at the Mount Washington Hotel in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire. They spent 2 weeks figuring out how the new international monetary and financial system would be, post WW2
After WW1, the treaty of Versailles was needed, but imposed harsh reparations that devastated economies and contributed to the rise of fascism, such as Hitler, Mussolini and gang.
So when folks met up in 1944 (WW2 was almost ending), the goal was to prevent another Great Depression, another global conflict and build a stable global economic order.
2 main proposals were discussed in Bretton Woods.
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John Maynard Keynes, representing the UK, proposed the creation of a global currency called Bancor. It will be issued through a global central bank known as the International Clearing Union (ICU).
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Harry Dexter White, representing the US, promoted a dollar-based system. Countries would peg their currencies to the US. dollar backed by gold. He also led the creation of the IMF and the World Bank.
To understand how both of these proposals work, let's look at an example.
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Country A (Germany): Massive exporter
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Country B (USA): Massive importer
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Country C (Brazil): Balanced trade (imports = exports)
***Based on Dexter’s model and the current USD-based system, ***
Say Germany sells $1B worth of cars to the US. The US pays in dollars, increasing its trade deficit. Germany accumulates dollars as reserves or buys the US Treasury bonds. Over time, the US continues running trade deficits, while Germany keeps hoarding dollars. Hence the unsustainable debt of the US.
***In Keynes’s Bancor system, ***
If Germany sells $1B worth of cars to the US, then the US does not pay in dollars. Instead, the ICU credits Germany with 1B Bancors and debits the US with -1B Bancors.
The ICU police this. If Germany exceeds the surplus threshold, it pays interest or penalties to discourage hoarding. If the US exceeds its deficit threshold, it is warned to rebalance trade or face restrictions.
Here, Germany is incentivized to import more (e.g., from Brazil) or invest in global development. The US is encouraged to export more or reduce consumption. Brazil, with balanced trade, enjoys stability in Bancor flows and avoids pressure.
The idea behind Bancor was a zero-sum balancing act. No country could become “too big to fail” due to excessive deficits. But it was too complicated and idealistic in assuming every country could maintain balanced trade.
Dexter on the other hand had a few tricks up his sleeve. In the end, Dexter’s USD dominance proposal was adopted.
The Bretton Woods system established the US dollar as the central global currency
Why did dollar dominance win over Bancor?
Simplicity often wins over complexity. But more so ICU felt too centralized, asking nations to surrender economic autonomy to a global body. That didn’t sit well in a post-war world where sovereignty was non-negotiable. That and idealist economic trade balance views.
Dexter’s dollar-based system on the other hand wasn’t fair play at all. It was centralized and authoritarian in its design.
So how did Dexter pull it off?
They had gold. They were ahead in economic recovery.
And they had nuclear weapons.
At the time, the US held nearly 2/3 of the world’s gold reserves. It was a significant advantage in advocating for a gold-backed dollar as the bedrock of global trade.
The US proposed a fixed gold peg at $35 per ounce.
From a broader geopolitical backdrop, the global population in 1944 was about 2.3 billion, a fraction of today’s 8 billion. The world was far less interconnected. The war had devastated Europe, Russia, and much of Asia. Infrastructure, economies, and entire cities were in ruins. The US, by contrast, had faced far fewer casualties and damages. Being geographically isolated, it had minimal domestic losses, around a tenth of what Europe suffered, and its economy was poised to rebuild faster.
But gold dominance and economic recovery alone didn’t secure US financial dominance.
American scientific breakthroughs had already signaled global power. Physicists like Leo Szilard and Albert Einstein, who had fled Europe, helped develop nuclear weapons. Their intent was deterrence, not destruction. But once the bomb existed, it changed geopolitics overnight. The US had military dominance. And after Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945, it became the undisputed superpower.
In the end, the USD won and the vision for neutral global currency faded.
And 20 years passed on…
France sends its warship to the US
Under Bretton Woods, countries could exchange dollars for gold, but the US had been printing more dollars than it had gold to back it. And it used it to fund the costly Vietnam War and domestic programs like the Great Society under LBJ.
Belgian-American economist Robert Triffin pointed out a fatal flaw in the Bretton Woods system that came to be known as the Triffin dilemma.
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The world needed US dollars for liquidity and trade.
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But the more dollars the US pumped out, the less credible its gold promise became.
Yet the US kept promising that every dollar was still convertible to gold at $35 per ounce.
French President Charles de Gaulle saw this as financial imperialism. He called it the “exorbitant privileged position”. The world had to pay for what they bought with the money they have, but not the US.
So in 1965, France did something unexpected. It sent a warship to New York Harbor to physically retrieve French gold reserves held by the Federal Reserve.
Would it have escalated to war? Maybe. But likely not. It was perhaps more of a diplomatic theatre and a sovereign flex. France was exercising its right under the Bretton Woods agreement to convert dollars into gold. But doing it with military formality was to send a signal to the world that they don’t trust the US system anymore.
It was one of the first major public blows to the dollar’s credibility. And France wasn’t alone. Other countries like West Germany and Switzerland followed suit, redeeming dollars for gold and draining US reserves.
The Nixon shock
Given they did not have enough gold, the IMF introduced Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) in 1969. SDRs were an international reserve asset, created to supplement gold and dollar reserves. Instead of relying solely on the US dollar, SDRs were based on a basket of major currencies (originally gold-backed but later diversified).
The idea was to reduce the world’s dependence on the dollar and avoid a liquidity crisis. But SDRs were a little too late and a little too weak to solve the underlying problem.
By 1971, the US could no longer sustain the illusion. President Nixon “closed the gold window,” suspending dollar convertibility to gold.
The Bretton Woods collapsed and this marked the beginning of fiat money dominance.
The French pursuit
While France demanded justice in one corner of the world, the French franc, specifically the CFA franc, has been dominant in parts of Africa since 1945, long before 1971.
After WWII, France created two CFA franc zones:
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West Africa: Communauté Financière Africaine (XOF)
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Central Africa: Coopération Financière en Afrique Centrale (XAF)
These zones included 14 African countries, many of which were former French colonies. France maintained monetary control via currency convertibility guarantees and representation in African central banks. Till today it has influence over these country’s monetary policy.
Colonisation hasn't ended in some parts of the world.
Did countries stop using the USD after the Nixon shock 1971?
Nope. The US dollar was no longer convertible to gold and it dismantled the fixed exchange rate system. But most countries did not stop using the USD as their dominant reserve or trade currency. There were no decent alternatives. Instead, they floated their currencies or maintained a soft peg to the dollar or a basket of currencies.
The USD remained dominant in oil trade (OPEC priced oil in USD) - petrodollar deal, global debt markets and FX reserves (central banks kept holding USD).
In 1997, when many Southeast Asian countries were still pegged to the USD, Soros claimed that SEA will tank. The US further increased its credit rates leading to capital flight and eventual tanking of these countries leading to Asian Financial Crisis '97. Many financial crisis has similar vibe.
The 1999 Euro launch
The idea of a shared currency appeared again, this time through the forms of Euro. It was a mandatory system for member states of the Eurozone, and came with centralized authority, the European Central Bank (ECB), which controlled monetary policy for all participating nations.
At first glance, the euro seemed like a win. It eliminated exchange rate fluctuations, making trade within the Eurozone smoother. It gave weaker economies access to lower borrowing costs and helped Europe establish itself as a financial heavyweight. Today, the euro is the second most-used reserve currency after the US dollar.
But it came at a cost. Countries that adopted the euro lost monetary sovereignty and could no longer print their own money or adjust interest rates to respond to local crises. This became painfully clear during Greece’s debt crisis, where strict monetary policies prevented the country from devaluing its currency to recover. The one-size-fits-all approach meant that economies as different as Germany and Greece had to follow the same rules, often to the detriment of weaker nations. Debt-ridden countries like Italy and Spain were forced into harsh austerity measures because they could not manipulate their currency to ease financial strain. Meanwhile, richer nations like Germany and the Netherlands felt they were unfairly propping up struggling economies, creating political tension across the EU.
In recent years, the euro has faced pressure from global trade tensions, monetary tightening, and geopolitical instability contributing to market volatility and periodic depreciation against other major currencies.
The Bretton Woods 2.0
Believe it or not, after all that, there was a call for Bretton Woods 2.0. Yet another global currency dream.
When the housing market collapsed in 2008 followed by a series of domino effects, global banks froze lending, economies contracted, and panic set in. The crisis exposed how fragile the international financial system had become as it was overly reliant on debt, under-regulated, and centered around the US dollar.
Many countries, especially in the Global South and emerging markets, started to question whether a system built around a single national currency was sustainable.
China, for instance, had been holding huge amounts of US debt while the US printed more dollars through bailouts and quantitative easing. This created global imbalances as exporting nations were lending money to the US to keep the system running, while taking on the risk of dollar depreciation.
In 2009, China’s central bank openly proposed replacing the US dollar with a neutral global reserve currency suggesting SDRs (Special Drawing Rights) issued by the IMF instead.
These concerns led to a wave of calls from world leaders for a “Bretton Woods 2.0” , a modern rethinking of the post-WWII economic order. At G20 summits in London in 2009, countries like France, China, and Russia pushed for reforms in global financial institutions and more balanced power sharing.
In the end, the IMF received more funding, and some banking regulations were tightened in the years after. But no real overhaul happened. No surprise there? The dollar remained dominant.
The foundation of the global economy didn’t change, even though trust in it had been deeply shaken.
The growth of BRICS
In 2023, Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa began discussing the idea of a shared currency or alternative mechanism to reduce the dependence on USD ie de-dollarisation. The sanctions on Russia didn't help. After Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the US and its allies froze Russia’s dollar reserves and cut it off from SWIFT, the “backbone of global banking communication”. This made one thing clear. If you fall out with Washington, your access to the global economy can vanish overnight.
China’s growing economic power also gave it more leverage to process alternative options. It would trade in Yuan with Russia and Iran.
I know many still say it's at its early stage, but I see many countries hedging their bets quietly and aligning with Putin and Xi. It became more obvious after US imposed tariffs on multiple nations, signaling that economic tools can double as political weapons. The world’s second financial system is slowly forming.
What is the world looking for, for the last century ?
A global currency that is
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Simple
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Free from dominant power
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Decentralised
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Borderless
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Scarce
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Transparent
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Inclusive, with self custody
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Resilient in crisis
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Built for individual financial sovereignty
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A new backbone for global finance, owned by no one
It doesn’t matter where you’re from, what politics you believe in, or how your economy leans. The answer keeps pointing in the same direction:
Bitcoin
This is the first true global currency.
And it’s just there
Waiting...
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.
.
Some books that might interest you :
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The Battle of Bretton Woods by Benn Steil
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Goodbye, Great Britain by Kathleen Burk and Alec Cairncross
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The Ghost of Bancor by Tommaso Padoa-Schioppa
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Confessions of an Economic Hitman by John Perkins
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The Blood Bankers by James S. Henry
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@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 17:02:23
Nostr is an open communication protocol that can be used to send messages across a distributed set of relays in a censorship resistant and robust way.
If you missed my nostr introduction post you can find it here. My nostr account can be found here.
We are nearly at the point that if something interesting is posted on a centralized social platform it will usually be posted by someone to nostr.
We are nearly at the point that if something interesting is posted exclusively to nostr it is cross posted by someone to various centralized social platforms.
We are nearly at the point that you can recommend a cross platform app that users can install and easily onboard without additional guides or resources.
As companies continue to build walls around their centralized platforms nostr posts will be the easiest to cross reference and verify - as companies continue to censor their users nostr is the best censorship resistant alternative - gradually then suddenly nostr will become the standard. 🫡
Current Nostr Stats
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
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@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 17:02:25
"Privacy is necessary for an open society in the electronic age. Privacy is not secrecy. A private matter is something one doesn't want the whole world to know, but a secret matter is something one doesn't want anybody to know. Privacy is the power to selectively reveal oneself to the world." - Eric Hughes, A Cypherpunk's Manifesto, 1993
Privacy is essential to freedom. Without privacy, individuals are unable to make choices free from surveillance and control. Lack of privacy leads to loss of autonomy. When individuals are constantly monitored it limits our ability to express ourselves and take risks. Any decisions we make can result in negative repercussions from those who surveil us. Without the freedom to make choices, individuals cannot truly be free.
Freedom is essential to acquiring and preserving wealth. When individuals are not free to make choices, restrictions and limitations prevent us from economic opportunities. If we are somehow able to acquire wealth in such an environment, lack of freedom can result in direct asset seizure by governments or other malicious entities. At scale, when freedom is compromised, it leads to widespread economic stagnation and poverty. Protecting freedom is essential to economic prosperity.
The connection between privacy, freedom, and wealth is critical. Without privacy, individuals lose the freedom to make choices free from surveillance and control. While lack of freedom prevents individuals from pursuing economic opportunities and makes wealth preservation nearly impossible. No Privacy? No Freedom. No Freedom? No Wealth.
Rights are not granted. They are taken and defended. Rights are often misunderstood as permission to do something by those holding power. However, if someone can give you something, they can inherently take it from you at will. People throughout history have necessarily fought for basic rights, including privacy and freedom. These rights were not given by those in power, but rather demanded and won through struggle. Even after these rights are won, they must be continually defended to ensure that they are not taken away. Rights are not granted - they are earned through struggle and defended through sacrifice.
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
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@ 9ca447d2:fbf5a36d
2025-06-04 17:01:52
Trump Media & Technology Group (TMTG), the company behind Truth Social and other Trump-branded digital platforms, is planning to raise $2.5 billion to build one of the largest bitcoin treasuries among public companies.
The deal involves the sale of approximately $1.5 billion in common stock and $1.0 billion in convertible senior secured notes.
According to the company, the offering is expected to close by the end of May, pending standard closing conditions.
Devin Nunes, CEO of Trump Media, said the investment in bitcoin is a big part of the company’s long-term plan.
“We view Bitcoin as an apex instrument of financial freedom,” Nunes said.
“This investment will help defend our Company against harassment and discrimination by financial institutions, which plague many Americans and U.S. firms.”
He added that the bitcoin treasury will be used to create new synergies across the company’s platforms including Truth Social, Truth+, and the upcoming financial tech brand Truth.Fi.
“It’s a big step forward in the company’s plans to evolve into a holding company by acquiring additional profit-generating, crown jewel assets consistent with America First principles,” Nunes said.
The $2.5 billion raise will come from about 50 institutional investors. The $1 billion in convertible notes will have 0% interest and be convertible into shares at a 35% premium.
TMTG’s current liquid assets, including cash and short-term investments, are $759 million as of the end of the first quarter of 2025. With this new funding, the company’s liquid assets will be over $3 billion.
Custody of the bitcoin treasury will be handled by Crypto.com and Anchorage Digital. They will manage and store the digital assets.
Earlier this week The Financial Times reported Trump Media was planning to raise $3 billion for digital assets acquisitions.
The article said the funds would be used to buy bitcoin and other digital assets, and an announcement could come before a major related event in Las Vegas.
Related: Bitcoin 2025 Conference Kicks off in Las Vegas Today
Trump Media denied the FT report. In a statement, the company said, “Apparently the Financial Times has dumb writers listening to even dumber sources.”
There was no further comment. However, the official $2.5 billion figure, which was announced shortly after by Trump Media through a press release, aligns with its actual filing and investor communication.
Trump Media’s official announcement
This comes at a time when the Trump family and political allies are showing renewed interest in Bitcoin.
President Donald Trump who is now back in office since the 2025 election, has said he wants to make the U.S. the “crypto capital of the world.”
Trump Media is also working on retail bitcoin investment products including ETFs aligned with America First policies.
These products will make bitcoin more accessible to retail investors and support pro-Trump financial initiatives.
But not everyone is happy.
Democratic Senator Elizabeth Warren recently expressed concerns about Trump Media’s Bitcoin plans. She asked U.S. regulators to clarify their oversight of digital-asset ETFs, warning of investor risk.
Industry insiders are comparing Trump Media’s plans to Strategy (MSTR) which has built a multi-billion dollar bitcoin treasury over the last year. They used stock and bond sales to fund their bitcoin purchases.
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@ 9ca447d2:fbf5a36d
2025-06-04 17:01:42
Neutron, Asia’s leading Bitcoin Lightning infrastructure company, announced the upcoming launch of Neutron Lend, a non-custodial, bitcoin-backed lending product designed for individuals and businesses who want access to liquidity without selling their bitcoin.
The service is currently open for waitlist sign-ups, with public access expected by end of June 2025.
As Bitcoin adoption accelerates, many holders are looking for secure ways to borrow against their bitcoin while maintaining control of their assets. Neutron Lend addresses this need with a multi-signature custody model, competitive interest rates, and a clear, transparent loan structure.
Key Features of Neutron Lend
- Borrow $10,000 to $1,000,000 USDT
- Non-custodial 3-key multi-sig (User, Neutron, Neutral Custodian)
- 50% Loan-to-Value (LTV)
- Principal + interest paid at loan maturity
- Introductory interest rates between 6% and 12% APR, based on tier
- Extension options available (with admin fee and adjusted rates)
Loans are fully collateralized with bitcoin and managed securely using a multi-sig wallet where users retain one of the keys. Neutron does not rehypothecate collateral, and no party can move the funds unilaterally.
“As Bitcoin continues to redefine the future of finance, I’m proud to introduce Neutron Lend a product built for those who believe in the long-term value of their BTC but need liquidity today,” said Albert Buu, CEO of Neutron. He added:
“Traditional finance simply doesn’t understand the needs of Bitcoiners: they force you to sell your most trusted asset or leave you without options.
“With Neutron Lend, our users can secure USDT loans against their BTC collateral at competitive rates, unlocking capital to invest, grow, and diversify without ever parting with their bitcoin.
We see a massively underserved market of HODLers and innovators who deserve access to flexible, transparent lending solutions. At Neutron, we’re here for you, empowering the Bitcoin community with the financial tools they’ve been waiting for.”
Now Open for Waitlist Registration
Neutron Lend is currently in waitlist phase. Early users will receive:
- Priority access to the platform at launch
- Limited-time introductory rates
The platform is expected to begin rolling out globally by end of June 2025.
Media Contact:
info@neutron.meLearn More and Join the Waitlist: www.neutron.me/lend
About Neutron
Neutron is a Bitcoin Lightning infrastructure company based in Asia, offering scalable financial tools across the Bitcoin ecosystem. Its products include a Lightning-as-a-Service API (Neutron Economy), the consumer-facing Neutronpay app, and now Neutron Lend, bringing secure, flexible Bitcoin-backed lending to market.
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@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 17:02:24
Bank run on every crypto bank then bank run on every "real" bank.
— ODELL (@ODELL) December 14, 2022
Good morning.
It looks like PacWest will fail today. It will be both the fifth largest bank failure in US history and the sixth major bank to fail this year. It will likely get purchased by one of the big four banks in a government orchestrated sale.
March 8th - Silvergate Bank
March 10th - Silicon Valley Bank
March 12th - Signature Bank
March 19th - Credit Suisse
May 1st - First Republic Bank
May 4th - PacWest Bank?PacWest is the first of many small regional banks that will go under this year. Most will get bought by the big four in gov orchestrated sales. This has been the playbook since 2008. Follow the incentives. Massive consolidation across the banking industry. PacWest gonna be a drop in the bucket compared to what comes next.
First, a hastened government led bank consolidation, then a public/private partnership with the remaining large banks to launch a surveilled and controlled digital currency network. We will be told it is more convenient. We will be told it is safer. We will be told it will prevent future bank runs. All of that is marketing bullshit. The goal is greater control of money. The ability to choose how we spend it and how we save it. If you control the money - you control the people that use it.
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 17:00:57
Bitcoin Magazine
Vegas Comedown, or Was Bitcoin 2025 Too Noisy?
“Shitcoin Magazine,” tweeted Bitcoin educator and author Knut Svanholm about the event that BTC Inc, the parent company of Bitcoin Magazine, organized in Las Vegas last week. Dancing cows dashed across my feed. “It’s a political convention now,” I overheard two attendees saying as they exited the Nakamoto stage, heads shaking. Nigel Farage, the inflammatory British politician and leader of Reform UK, was shouting on stage about becoming prime minister. A somewhat calmer personality, Vice President JD Vance spoke about “crypto” and thanked Coinbase.
Word on the (online) street is that Bitcoin 2025 was captured by political and shitcoin-y interests. Our own technical editor, Shinobi, opted out of mass surveillance and bailed for freer pastures at the Oslo Freedom Forum. Erik Cason was uncharacteristically polite (“shitcoin adjacent”), though he was there in person, happily signing the Cryptosovereignty book that Bitcoin Magazine Books published in 2023.
“None of my Bitcoiner friends come here anymore,” said Ben, an entrepreneur who runs a Bitcoin business, on the fence about coming back next year.
Whenever I mention that I work for Bitcoin Magazine, I usually have to field questions about shitcoinery and political shilling (Are you a MAGA dude now?!). Coming to Vegas was inspection time for me — or at least a chance to see what it is that troubles so many people.
With the glamor of the Strip itself and its sensory overload, it’d be easy to be dazzled — plus, it was the first time I had left Fort Europa for the land of the free in years, first time in Vegas, and first time at an American Bitcoin event. It’d be easy for me to simply dismiss the haters by paraphrasing Taylor (“haters gonna hate, hate, hate, hate…”).
While sitting down in the whale pass area the Deep, a hipster-looking gentleman started talking to me about how Bitcoin is fundamentally broken and that I should investigate his energy-based shitcoin instead. Waiting for Vance’s speech in the main hall, I was introduced to three young dudes dressed up to perfection and barely out of college, at the conference “to land a job in the industry” — i.e., grifters. A mid-60s technology dude interjected himself into the conversation, bragged about how he worked on tech for Microsoft in the ’90s, and explained how blockchain (not Bitcoin) is the future — only to have us scan the NFC card he had implanted in his left hand. Ugh.
Thus, it wasn’t difficult to see the things all these people online had objected to: Our conference was a party, or “an elaborate Bitcoin extraction scheme,” a “circus, shitcoin fest,” or stablecoin mania. Plus:
— Daniel Prince (@Princey21M) May 30, 2025
They’re not wrong. But honestly, you don’t have to look.
Here’s an underappreciated order to the known universe: To each successful movement or phenomenon, parasites and fraudsters are drawn. It’s why the shitcoin guys are around Bitcoin events and why the politicians are pandering to our cause. Vegas itself is the center of gravity for that sort of thing — gambling, nudity, alcohol, prostitution, and other dopamine-inducing stimulants. I first titled this tak_e_ What Hookers in Vegas Can Teach Us About Politicians at Bitcoin 2025; the simple observation is that fraudsters, grifters, and scammers go to where the value is. Parasites feed off healthy, growing, flourishing organisms.
“Scammers flooding in,” as Tomer Strolight post-conference tweeted, is thus the least surprising thing ever.
We’re succeeding, growing, and becoming if not respectable then at least a household name. The FT and WSJ covering us feel somewhere between “…then they laugh at you“ and “…then they fight you” stages.
Running around meeting people — hardcore Bitcoiners I’ve only ever met online, authors and writers and editors I’ve worked with (they were all in Vegas, since that was the place to be…) — and attending the sum total of three presentations, I felt what Wayne Vaughan of Bitcoin First described:
The Bitcoin Conference 2025 was different and in many ways disappointing.
Good:
The private events were excellent opportunities to reconnect with old friends and meet new people.Bitcoin has grown up. We’re finally legit.
Neutral:
The conference was dominated by politics and…— Wayne Vaughan (@WayneVaughan) May 30, 2025
You can just meet people, just do things.
To make an obvious analogy: The internet is littered with porn, gambling, and cat videos, and it’s the most successful technology in a generation. You don’t have to look; you can just work and provide value instead of wasting away your life talking to shitcoiners or being annoyed at politicians and other fraudsters doing their things.
“Cozying up to any government is a bad idea,” concluded the WSJ piece, citing a “wing” of purist Bitcoin that we all feel. Yes, agreed. But the puritism that its opposite requires condemns us to irrelevancy — belittles and betrays the broader mission.
So yeah: the grifters, the parasites, the politicians, and the financial engineers are here. Good for them. That they’re here is a sign of victory.
Knock me over with a feather, haters.
Come join us for Bitcoin 2026 and see for yourself.
This post Vegas Comedown, or Was Bitcoin 2025 Too Noisy? first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Joakim Book.
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@ 9ca447d2:fbf5a36d
2025-06-04 16:02:22
The third annual Bitcoin FilmFest (aka BFF25) proved once again that sovereign minds and decentralized culture thrive together.
For four electrifying days in Poland’s capital, the festival’s rallying call—’Fix the money, fix the culture‘—wasn’t just a slogan but a living, breathing movement.
From May 22-25, 2025, Warsaw buzzed with cinematic innovation, Bitcoin philosophy, and artistic vibe marking this gathering as truly incomparable.
Rebel Tribe with Unfiltered Creativity
With 200+ attendees from 20+ countries – primarily Poland, Czech Republic, the UK and Germany (~70% combined), plus representation from Spain, Italy, USA, Turkey and 15+ other nations including Thailand, Israel, Dubai and Latin America—BFF25 became a true global hub of freedom-fighters at heart.
The European Pizza Day opener (May 22), celebrating Bitcoin’s first real-world transaction, saw rainy evening weather that couldn’t dampen the energy.
With concerts by Roger9000 and ABBE plus DJ sets from MadMunky, 2140 collective w/Airklipz and G.O.L.D., all early arrivals had a memorable start.
Dual Focus on Film and Bitcoin Culture
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Seven film workshops and seven hands-on sessions running parallel across Friday and Saturday at Amondo Cinema Club. Film: Martin Piga, Oswald Horowitz, Psyfer, Juan Pablo Mejía, Kristina Weiserova, Rare Passenger, Noa Gruman & Lahav Levi (Scardust). Bitcoin/Nostr: Aleks Svetski, Ioni Appelberg, Flash, CryptoSteel, Bitrefill, Polish Bitcoin Association, Bitvocation.
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The Community Stage (Friday to Sunday afternoon) gave important space for both projects and individuals discussing their work and passions.
Everything from music, art, fiction, Nostr, personal sovereignty to Polish-language debates on Bitcoin’s state and its possible future. -
Onscreen, 9 cinematic blocks from Friday to Sunday featured titles like UNBAKABLE, REVOLUCIÓN BITCOIN, HOTEL BITCOIN, PLANDEMIC: THE MUSICAL, plus shorts on new media (AI/experimental cinema), parallel communities (outcast cinema), and newly released pilots.
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Cinematic shark-tank with a €3,000 bounty: 8 contestants
- Martin Piga: “PARALLEL SPACES”
- Kristina Weiserova: “PUZZLE”
- Aaron Koenig : “SATOSHI’S LAST WILL”
- Philip Charter: “21 FUTURES”
- Jenna Reid: “WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE?”
- Mr Black: “A LODGING OF WAYFARING MEN”
- Oswald Horowitz: “THE LEGEND OF LANDI”
The event ended with Jenna winning.
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Official Gala: Golden Rabbits 2025 crowned:
- HOTEL BITCOIN by Manuel Sanabria & Carlos “Pocho” Villaverde (Best Story)
- SATOSHI: THE CREATION OF BITCOIN by Arthur Machado (Best Short)
- REVOLUCIÓN BITCOIN by Juan Pablo Mejía (Audience Choice)
- NO MORE INFLATION by Maiku Tsukai’s aka Bitcoin Shooter (Best Film)
Nights Charged with Music and Unscripted Surprise
The festival’s legendary afterparties kept the energy high—Friday’s underground gathering at Morph Club (ex-Barbazaar) featured Aaron Koening’s live concert and 2140 DJs (Akme + Andy Princz).
The weekend’s unforgettable moment came when Noa Gruman took the stage with “MY HEAVEN” (Scardust original) and “40HPW” — her powerful tribute to Bitcoin podcasts and Bugle.News.
Lightning-Powered Innovation, and Extras
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Lightning in Action: Flash enabled instant Bitcoin payments across both main venues (Amondo + Samo Centrum, merch stations, and online shop)
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IndeeHub Backstage Pass: Attendees unlocked exclusive access to Lightning-powered VOD featuring selected films from BFF23-25
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BFF TV: Kiki (El Salvador) broadcasting live interviews, event clips, and trailers. Day One, and Day Two to rewatch online.
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Comedy Strike: Robert Le Ricain’s Gala stand-up proved Bitcoiners pack brains and humor—in equal measure.
A Community-Driven Cultural Experience
Bitcoin FilmFest wasn’t just an event—it was proof that culture shifts when money gets fixed. Mark your calendars for June 2026 and the next edition. More info and tickets going on sale soon.
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 17:02:21
Good morning (good night?)! The No Bullshit Bitcoin news feed is now available on Moody's Dashboard! A huge shoutout to sir Clark Moody for integrating our feed.
Headlines
- Spiral welcomes Ben Carman. The developer will work on the LDK server and a new SDK designed to simplify the onboarding process for new self-custodial Bitcoin users.
- The Bitcoin Dev Kit Foundation announced new corporate members for 2025, including AnchorWatch, CleanSpark, and Proton Foundation. The annual dues from these corporate members fund the small team of open-source developers responsible for maintaining the core BDK libraries and related free and open-source software (FOSS) projects.
- Strategy increases Bitcoin holdings to 538,200 BTC. In the latest purchase, the company has spent more than $555M to buy 6,556 coins through proceeds of two at-the-market stock offering programs.
- Spar supermarket experiments with Bitcoin payments in Zug, Switzerland. The store has introduced a new payment method powered by the Lightning Network. The implementation was facilitated by DFX Swiss, a service that supports seamless conversions between bitcoin and legacy currencies.
- The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) wants to contain 'crypto' risks. A report titled "Cryptocurrencies and Decentralised Finance: Functions and Financial Stability Implications" calls for expanding research into "how new forms of central bank money, capital controls, and taxation policies can counter the risks of widespread crypto adoption while still fostering technological innovation."
- "Global Implications of Scam Centres, Underground Banking, and Illicit Online Marketplaces in Southeast Asia." According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) report, criminal organizations from East and Southeast Asia are swiftly extending their global reach. These groups are moving beyond traditional scams and trafficking, creating sophisticated online networks that include unlicensed cryptocurrency exchanges, encrypted communication platforms, and stablecoins, fueling a massive fraud economy on an industrial scale.
- Slovenia is considering a 25% capital gains tax on Bitcoin profits for individuals. The Ministry of Finance has proposed legislation to impose this tax on gains from cryptocurrency transactions, though exchanging one cryptocurrency for another would remain exempt. At present, individual 'crypto' traders in Slovenia are not taxed.
- Circle, BitGo, Coinbase, and Paxos plan to apply for U.S. bank charters or licenses. According to a report in The Wall Street Journal, major crypto companies are planning to apply for U.S. bank charters or licenses. These firms are pursuing limited licenses that would permit them to issue stablecoins, as the U.S. Congress deliberates on legislation mandating licensing for stablecoin issuers.
"Established banks, like Bank of America, are hoping to amend the current drafts of [stablecoin] legislation in such a way that nonbanks are more heavily restricted from issuing stablecoins," people familiar with the matter told The Block.
- Charles Schwab to launch spot Bitcoin trading by 2026. The financial investment firm, managing over $10 trillion in assets, has revealed plans to introduce spot Bitcoin trading for its clients within the next year.
Use the tools
- Bitcoin Safe v1.2.3 expands QR SignMessage compatibility for all QR-UR-compatible hardware signers (SpecterDIY, KeyStone, Passport, Jade; already supported COLDCARD Q). It also adds the ability to import wallets via QR, ensuring compatibility with Keystone's latest firmware (2.0.6), alongside other improvements.
- Minibits v0.2.2-beta, an ecash wallet for Android devices, packages many changes to align the project with the planned iOS app release. New features and improvements include the ability to lock ecash to a receiver's pubkey, faster confirmations of ecash minting and payments thanks to WebSockets, UI-related fixes, and more.
- Zeus v0.11.0-alpha1 introduces Cashu wallets tied to embedded LND wallets. Navigate to Settings > Ecash to enable it. Other wallet types can still sweep funds from Cashu tokens. Zeus Pay now supports Cashu address types in Zaplocker, Cashu, and NWC modes.
- LNDg v1.10.0, an advanced web interface designed for analyzing Lightning Network Daemon (LND) data and automating node management tasks, introduces performance improvements, adds a new metrics page for unprofitable and stuck channels, and displays warnings for batch openings. The Profit and Loss Chart has been updated to include on-chain costs. Advanced settings have been added for users who would like their channel database size to be read remotely (the default remains local). Additionally, the AutoFees tool now uses aggregated pubkey metrics for multiple channels with the same peer.
- Nunchuk Desktop v1.9.45 release brings the latest bug fixes and improvements.
- Blockstream Green iOS v4.1.8 has renamed L-BTC to LBTC, and improves translations of notifications, login time, and background payments.
- Blockstream Green Android v4.1.8 has added language preference in App Settings and enables an Android data backup option for disaster recovery. Additionally, it fixes issues with Jade entry point PIN timeout and Trezor passphrase input.
- Torq v2.2.2, an advanced Lightning node management software designed to handle large nodes with over 1000 channels, fixes bugs that caused channel balance to not be updated in some cases and channel "peer total local balance" not getting updated.
- Stack Wallet v2.1.12, a multicoin wallet by Cypher Stack, fixes an issue with Xelis introduced in the latest release for Windows.
- ESP-Miner-NerdQAxePlus v1.0.29.1, a forked version from the NerdAxe miner that was modified for use on the NerdQAxe+, is now available.
- Zark enables sending sats to an npub using Bark.
- Erk is a novel variation of the Ark protocol that completely removes the need for user interactivity in rounds, addressing one of Ark's key limitations: the requirement for users to come online before their VTXOs expire.
- Aegis v0.1.1 is now available. It is a Nostr event signer app for iOS devices.
- Nostash is a NIP-07 Nostr signing extension for Safari. It is a fork of Nostore and is maintained by Terry Yiu. Available on iOS TestFlight.
- Amber v3.2.8, a Nostr event signer for Android, delivers the latest fixes and improvements.
- Nostur v1.20.0, a Nostr client for iOS, adds
-
@ b1ddb4d7:471244e7
2025-06-04 16:02:13
Starting January 1, 2026, the United Kingdom will impose some of the world’s most stringent reporting requirements on cryptocurrency firms.
All platforms operating in or serving UK customers-domestic and foreign alike-must collect and disclose extensive personal and transactional data for every user, including individuals, companies, trusts, and charities.
This regulatory drive marks the UK’s formal adoption of the OECD’s Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework (CARF), a global initiative designed to bring crypto oversight in line with traditional banking and to curb tax evasion in the rapidly expanding digital asset sector.
What Will Be Reported?
Crypto firms must gather and submit the following for each transaction:
- User’s full legal name, home address, and taxpayer identification number
- Detailed data on every trade or transfer: type of cryptocurrency, amount, and nature of the transaction
- Identifying information for corporate, trust, and charitable clients
The obligation extends to all digital asset activities, including crypto-to-crypto and crypto-to-fiat trades, and applies to both UK residents and non-residents using UK-based platforms. The first annual reports covering 2026 activity are due by May 31, 2027.
Enforcement and Penalties
Non-compliance will carry stiff financial penalties, with fines of up to £300 per user account for inaccurate or missing data-a potentially enormous liability for large exchanges. The UK government has urged crypto firms to begin collecting this information immediately to ensure operational readiness.
Regulatory Context and Market Impact
This move is part of a broader UK strategy to position itself as a global fintech hub while clamping down on fraud and illicit finance. UK Chancellor Rachel Reeves has championed these measures, stating, “Britain is open for business – but closed to fraud, abuse, and instability”. The regulatory expansion comes amid a surge in crypto adoption: the UK’s Financial Conduct Authority reported that 12% of UK adults owned crypto in 2024, up from just 4% in 2021.
Enormous Risks for Consumers: Lessons from the Coinbase Data Breach
While the new framework aims to enhance transparency and protect consumers, it also dramatically increases the volume of sensitive personal data held by crypto firms-raising the stakes for cybersecurity.
The risks are underscored by the recent high-profile breach at Coinbase, one of the world’s largest exchanges.
In May 2025, Coinbase disclosed that cybercriminals, aided by bribed offshore contractors, accessed and exfiltrated customer data including names, addresses, government IDs, and partial bank details.
The attackers then used this information for sophisticated phishing campaigns, successfully deceiving some customers into surrendering account credentials and funds.
“While private encryption keys remained secure, sufficient customer information was exposed to enable sophisticated phishing attacks by criminals posing as Coinbase personnel.”
Coinbase now faces up to $400 million in compensation costs and has pledged to reimburse affected users, but the incident highlights the systemic vulnerability created when large troves of personal data are centralized-even if passwords and private keys are not directly compromised. The breach also triggered a notable drop in Coinbase’s share price and prompted a $20 million bounty for information leading to the attackers’ capture.
The Bottom Line
The UK’s forthcoming crypto reporting regime represents a landmark in financial regulation, promising greater transparency and tax compliance. However, as the Coinbase episode demonstrates, the aggregation of sensitive user data at scale poses a significant cybersecurity risk.
As regulators push for more oversight, the challenge will be ensuring that consumer protection does not become a double-edged sword-exposing users to new threats even as it seeks to shield them from old ones.
-
@ a5ee4475:2ca75401
2025-06-04 15:10:55
[EM ATUALIZAÇÃO]
vacina #saude #politica #manipulacao #mundial #genocidio #pandemia #conspiracao
Este artigo reúne algumas evidências mais antigas que vim registrando durante alguns anos contra a covid, vacinas obrigatórias e a ação de agências de governo, fundações, políticos, mídia tradicional, celebridades, influenciadores, cientistas, redes sociais e laboratórios, em envolvimento com genocídio e restrições de liberdades em escala mundial causado por decisões em várias esferas relativas ao covid e as vacinas obrigatórias em geral.
Porém, alguns links podem não estar mais disponiveis, foram que ainda faltam ser registradas muitas informações já divulgadas nos últimos anos e que não tivemos contato pela escassez de meios para a obtenção dessas informações de forma organizada. Portanto, o presente artigo ainda passará por atualizações de conteúdo e formatação, então se possível ajudem sugerindo com complementos ou alterações.
Explicações iniciais:
- SARS-CoV-2 é que é nome do vírus. Ele que causa a doença Covid-19;
- O coronavírus SARS-CoV-2 é o segundo tipo de SARS-CoV documentado, o primeiro ocorreu entre 2002 e 2003, se originando também da China e também dito como tendo origem animal;
- SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) - Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SRAG) é a uma doença respiratória viral, relatada ser de origem zoonótica (animal), causada pelos coronavírus SARS-CoV (2002) e SARS-CoV-2 (2019), ambos de origem chinesa;
- O termo 'Coronavírus' (COVID) é na verdade um nome genérico para vários vírus de gripes já comuns, dado para o tipo corona (com uma "coroa", 'espetos' ao redor dele), o Sars-Cov-2 (que passou a ser chamado erroneamente só de Covid), é só um deles.
1. Vacinas Obrigatórias em Geral
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Vacinas e autismo em crianças https://publichealthpolicyjournal.com/vaccination-and-neurodevelopmental-disorders-a-study-of-nine-year-old-children-enrolled-in-medicaid/
-
O CDC admite que 98 milhões de pessoas receberam o vírus do câncer através da vacina da Poliomielite https://medicinanews.com.br/frente/frente_1/o-cdc-admite-que-98-milhoes-de-pessoas-receberam-o-virus-do-cancer-atraves-da-vacina-poliomielite/
- Fonte original da imagem: https://preventdisease.com/images13/CDC_Polio.png [indisponível]
- Imagem arquivada em: https://web.archive.org/web/20201203231640/"O CDC (Os Centros de Controle e Prevenção de Doenças dos Estados Unidos) removeu rapidamente uma página do seu site, que estava em cache no Google, como você pode ver logo abaixo, admitindo que mais de 98 milhões de americanos receberam uma ou mais doses de vacina contra pólio dentro de 8 período entre 1955 e 1963, quando uma proporção da vacina foi contaminada com um poliomavírus causador de câncer chamado SV40."
27/02/2021 - Por que o Japão demorou para vacinar, mesmo com Olimpíada se aproximando https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/internacional/2021/02/27/por-que-o-japao-demorou-para-vacinar-mesmo-com-olimpiada-se-aproximando
"Desconfiança da população japonesa em relação a vacinas, ligada a casos ocorridos no passado, está entre razões que atrasaram imunização no país.
A resistência à vacina do Japão remonta à década de 1970, quando duas crianças morreram dentro de 24 horas após receberem a vacina combinada contra difteria, tétano e coqueluche (coqueluche). A vacina foi temporariamente suspensa, mas a confiança já havia sido abalada. Por vários anos, as taxas de vacinação infantil caíram, levando a um aumento nos casos de tosse convulsa.
No final dos anos 1980, houve outro susto com a introdução da vacina tripla contra sarampo, caxumba e rubéola produzida no Japão. As primeiras versões do imunizante foram associadas à meningite asséptica, ou inchaço das membranas ao redor do cérebro e da medula espinhal. O problema foi rastreado até o componente caxumba da vacina tripla, o que levou a uma ação judicial e a indenização por danos pesados.
O Instituto Nacional de Ciências da Saúde interrompeu a dose combinada em 1993 e a substituiu por vacinas individuais. Após o escândalo, Shibuya disse que o governo japonês se tornou "ciente dos riscos" e seu programa nacional de vacinação tornou-se voluntário.
O Dr. Yuho Horikoshi, especialista em doenças infecciosas, diz que os processos levaram a uma "lacuna de vacinação", em que nenhuma vacina foi aprovada no Japão por cerca de 15 anos.
Mais recentemente, em 2013, o Japão adicionou a vacina contra o papilomavírus humano (HPV) ao calendário nacional para proteger as meninas contra o vírus sexualmente transmissível, que é conhecido por causar câncer cervical. No entanto, vídeos de meninas supostamente sofrendo de reações adversas começaram a circular no YouTube, levando o governo a retirá-los da programação nacional."
2. PRIMEIRAS OCORRÊNCIAS PREDITIVAS AO COVID-19
2002 - Síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SARS) Brenda L. Tesini (setembro de 2018). Síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SARS) [indisponível]. Manual Merck. Consultado em 23 de janeiro de 2020, citado no Wikipedia
Wikipedia: "A SARS [doença do vírus SARS-CoV] foi detectada na China e entre 2002 e 2003, um surto da doença resultou em mais de 8 000 casos e cerca de 800 mortes em todo o mundo. "
2010 - Fundação Rockfeller, Lockstep. https://www.rockefellerfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/Annual-Report-2010-1.pdf
Neste PDF da fundação Rockfeller, em seu próprio site, a fundação deixou claro o seu envolvimento em casos de ‘contenção’ de pandemias juntamente com a USAID (agência americana com nome ambíguo, como formalmente ‘United States Agency for International Development’, mas soando como ‘US Socorre’, mas sendo um braço do governo democrata que financiava interferências políticas diretas em vários países, como no Brasil: https://www.gazetadopovo.com.br/vida-e-cidadania/quais-ongs-cooperaram-com-moraes-e-sao-alvo-do-congresso-nos-eua/ ), inclusive em relacionadas ao SARS, um vírus muito semelhante ao SEGUNDO tipo de vírus Sars-Cov, o Sars-Cov-2 (o vírus propagado em 2019) e que causa o COVID-19.
Segundo eles:
“Integração entre Regiões e Países
A Fundação Rockefeler investiu US$ 22 milhões em sua Iniciativa de Redes de Vigilância de Doenças para ajudar a conter a disseminação de doenças infecciosas e pandemias, fortalecendo os sistemas nacionais, regionais e globais de vigilância e resposta a doenças. Dois programas-chave da Rockefeler — a Rede de Vigilância de Doenças da Bacia do Mekong e a Rede Integrada de Vigilância de Doenças da África Oriental — conectaram e capacitaram profissionais de saúde, epidemiologistas e autoridades de saúde pública em toda a região, levando a um aumento de seis vezes nos locais de vigilância de doenças transfronteiriças somente nos últimos três anos. Em 2010, a Rockefeler expandiu a bem-sucedida campanha transdisciplinar One Health, que a USAID e o Banco Asiático de Desenvolvimento adotaram como modelos. One Health refere-se à integração da ciência médica e veterinária para combater essas novas variedades de doenças zoonóticas que se movem e sofrem mutações rapidamente de animais para humanos. Essas colaborações criaram e fortaleceram uma rede regional crítica de saúde pública, enquanto as lições aprendidas foram exportadas entre disciplinas e países. Além de fortalecer os laços globais em saúde pública, a Rockefeler ajudou a elevar o nível de especialização e treinamento em campo. O Programa de Treinamento em Epidemiologia de Campo coloca graduados nos mais altos escalões do governo no Laos e no Vietnã, enquanto as bolsas da Rockefeler transformaram as ferramentas disponíveis para os médicos, permitindo-lhes utilizar o poder da internet para se comunicar e monitorar eventos, compreender contextos locais e analisar novos problemas. Finalmente, estamos aplicando ferramentas do século XXI para combater os desafios de saúde do século XXI.”
Julho de 2012 - Revista Mundo Estranho
Houve uma "coincidência", a revista Mundo Estranho em julho de 2012, entrevistou o até então doutorando em virologia, Átila Iamarino (o mesmo cientista que fez diversas propagandas das vacinas no Brasil), para descrever um possível cenário de propagação de uma epidemia viral, a revista descreve com grande precisão os eventos de 2020, mas apontando o oposto da China, em que, na realidade, sua economia cresceu vertiginosamente.
3. PRIMEIROS INDÍCIOS
10/2019 - Evento 201 - Durante os Jogos Militares Internacionais na China https://www.centerforhealthsecurity.org/event201/
Promovido por: - Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation - John Hopkins Institute - Fórum econômico mundial
"O evento simula a liberação de um coronavírus novo do tipo zoonótico transmitido por morcegos para porcos e por fim para humanos. Eventualmente ele se torna muito transmissível entre humanos levando a uma pandemia severa. O vírus é muito parecido com o vírus da SARS, mas se transmite muito mais facilmente entre pessoas devido a sintomas muito mais leves destas."
Também mencionado por: [Jornal Estadão] ( http://patrocinados.estadao.com.br/medialab/releaseonline/releasegeral-releasegeral/geral-johns-hopkins-center-for-health-security-forum-economico-mundial-e-fundacao-bill-melinda-gates-realizam-exercicio-pandemico-e-transmissao-ao-vivo/)
Sobre o "Movimento antivacina"
05/12/2017 - Movimento antivacina: como surgiu e quais consequências ele pode trazer? https://www.uol.com.br/universa/noticias/redacao/2017/12/05/o-que-o-movimento-antivacina-pode-causar.htm?cmpid=copiaecola
23/03/2019 - "Instagram bloqueia hashtags e conteúdo antivacinação" https://canaltech.com.br/redes-sociais/instagram-bloqueia-hashtags-e-conteudo-antivacinacao-135411/
23/05/2021 - Novos dados sobre pesquisadores de Wuhan aumentam debate sobre origens da Covid https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/saude/novos-dados-sobre-pesquisadores-de-wuhan-aumentam-debate-sobre-origens-da-covid/
"A China relatou à Organização Mundial da Saúde que o primeiro paciente com sintomas semelhantes aos de Covid-19 foi registrado em Wuhan em 8 de dezembro de 2019"
01/02/2020 - O que aconteceu desde que o novo coronavírus foi descoberto na China https://exame.com/ciencia/o-que-aconteceu-desde-que-o-novo-coronavirus-foi-descoberto-na-china/
"O primeiro alerta foi recebido pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) em 31 de dezembro de 2019"
15/09/2020 - YouTube diz que vai remover vídeos com mentiras sobre vacina contra COVID-19 https://gizmodo.uol.com.br/youtube-remover-videos-mentiras-vacina-covid-19/
"O YouTube anunciou na quarta-feira (14) que estenderá as regras atuais sobre mentiras, propaganda e teorias da conspiração sobre a pandemia do coronavírus para incluir desinformação sobre as vacinas contra a doença.
De acordo com a Reuters, a gigante do vídeo diz que agora vai proibir conteúdos sobre vacinas contra o coronavírus que contradizem “o consenso de especialistas das autoridades de saúde locais ou da OMS”, como afirmações falsas de que a vacina é um pretexto para colocar chips de rastreamento nas pessoas ou que irá matar ou esterilizar quem tomar."
*07/01/2021 - YouTube vai punir canais que promovem mentiras sobre eleições – incluindo os de Trump https://olhardigital.com.br/2021/01/07/noticias/youtube-vai-punir-canais-que-promovem-mentiras-sobre-eleicoes-incluindo-os-de-trump/
"O YouTube anunciou que vai punir canais que promovem mentiras sobre as eleições, removendo sumariamente qualquer vídeo que contenha desinformação e, ao mesmo tempo, advertindo com um “strike” o canal que o veicular. A medida já está valendo e a primeira “vítima” é ninguém menos que o ex-presidente americano, Donald Trump.
A medida não é exatamente nova, mas foi novamente comunicada e reforçada pelo YouTube na quarta-feira (6), após os eventos de invasão do Capitólio, em Washington, onde o presidente eleito Joe Biden participava da cerimônia que confirmava a sua vitória nas eleições de novembro de 2020. A ocasião ficou marcada pela tentativa de invasão de correligionários de Trump, que entraram no edifício em oposição à nomeação do novo presidente. Uma mulher acabou sendo morta pela polícia que protegia o local.
O ex-presidente Donald Trump teve vídeos banidos de seu canal no YouTube após os eventos de ontem (6) no capitólio."
4. FIGURAS CENTRAIS
Bill Gates
- Bill Gates diz 'não' a abrir patentes de vacinas https://www.frontliner.com.br/bill-gates-diz-nao-a-abrir-patentes-de-vacinas/
"Bill Gates, um dos homens mais ricos do mundo, cuja fundação tem participação na farmacêutica alemã CureVac, produtora de vacina mRNA para prevenção de covid-19, disse não acreditar que a propriedade intelectual tenha algo a ver com o longo esforço global para controlar a pandemia."
João Doria e São Paulo
26/07/2017 - João Dória vai a China conhecer drones para ampliar segurança eletrônica na capital paulista https://jc.ne10.uol.com.br/blogs/jamildo/2017/07/26/joao-doria-vai-china-conhecer-drones-para-ampliar-seguranca-eletronica-na-capital-paulista/
02/08/2019 - Governo de SP fará Missão China para ampliar cooperação e atrair investimentos https://www.saopaulo.sp.gov.br/spnoticias/governo-de-sao-paulo-detalha-objetivos-da-missao-china/
20/11/2019 - Doria se encontra com chineses das gigantes CREC e CRCC e oferece concessões de rodovia, metrô e ferrovia https://diariodotransporte.com.br/2019/11/20/doria-se-encontra-com-chineses-das-gigantes-crec-e-crcc-e-oferece-concessoes-de-rodovia-metro-e-ferrovia/
25/01/2020 - "Chineses serão agressivos" nas privatizações em SP até 2022, afirma Dória https://noticias.uol.com.br/colunas/jamil-chade/2020/01/25/entrevista-joao-doria-privatizacoes-sao-paulo-china.htm
O governador de São Paulo, João Doria, afirma que vai acelerar os programas de desestatização no estado em 2020 e acredita que concessões e vendas poderão permitir uma arrecadação de pelo menos R$ 40 bilhões. Nesse processo, o governador avalia que a China deve atuar de forma agressiva e que aprofundará sua posição de maior parceira comercial do estado, se distanciando de americanos e argentinos.
29/06/2020 - Doria estabelece multa para quem estiver sem máscara na rua em SP https://veja.abril.com.br/saude/doria-estabelece-multa-para-quem-estiver-sem-mascara-na-rua/
24/12/2020 - Doria é flagrado sem máscara e fazendo compras em Miami https://pleno.news/brasil/politica-nacional/doria-e-flagrado-sem-mascara-e-fazendo-compras-em-miami.html
"Foto do governador de São Paulo sem o item de proteção viralizou nas redes"
07/06/2021 - Doria é criticado na internet por tomar sol sem máscara em hotel no Rio https://vejasp.abril.com.br/cidades/doria-e-criticado-na-internet-por-tomar-sol-sem-mascara-em-hotel-no-rio/
30/09/2020 - Governo de SP assina contrato com Sinovac e prevê vacina para dezembro https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/saude/noticia/2020-09/governo-de-sp-assina-contrato-com-sinovac-e-preve-vacina-para-dezembro
O governador de São Paulo, João Doria, e o vice-presidente da laboratório chinês Sinovac, Weining Meng, assinaram hoje (30), um contrato que prevê o fornecimento de 46 milhões de doses da vacina CoronaVac para o governo paulista até dezembro deste ano.
O contrato também prevê a transferência tecnológica da vacina da Sinovac para o Instituto Butantan, o que significa que, o instituto brasileiro poderá começar a fabricar doses dessa vacina contra o novo coronavírus. O valor do contrato, segundo o governador João Doria é de US$ 90 milhões.
20/10/2020 - Coronavac terá mais de 90% de eficácia, afirmam integrantes do governo paulista https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/saude/2020/12/20/coronavac-tera-mais-de-90-de-eficacia-afirmam-integrantes-do-governo
24/10/2020 - Não esperamos 90% de eficácia da Coronavac’, diz secretário de saúde de SP https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/saude/2020/12/24/nao-esperamos-90-de-eficacia-da-coronavac-diz-secretario-de-saude-de-sp
07/01/2021 - Vacina do Butantan: eficácia é de 78% em casos leves e 100% em graves https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/saude/2021/01/07/vacina-do-butantan-eficacia-e-de-78-em-casos-leves-e-100-em-graves
09/01/2021 - Não é hora de sermos tão cientistas como estamos sendo agora https://g1.globo.com/sp/sao-paulo/video/nao-e-hora-de-sermos-tao-cientistas-como-estamos-sendo-agora-diz-secretario-de-saude-de-sp-9166405.ghtml
10/01/2021 - Dados da Coronavac relatados à Anvisa não estão claros, diz médico https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/saude/2021/01/10/dados-da-coronavac-relatados-a-anvisa-nao-estao-claros-diz-medico
"O diretor do Laboratório de Imunologia do Incor, Jorge Kalil, reforçou que faltaram informações sobre a Coronavac nos dados divulgados à Anvisa"
12/01/2021 - New Brazil data shows disappointing 50,4% efficacy for China’s Coronavac vaccine [Novos dados do Brasil mostram eficácia decepcionante de 50,4% para a vacina CoronaVac da China] https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-brazil-coronavirus/new-brazil-data-shows-disappointing-504-efficacy-for-chinas-coronavac-vaccine-idUSKBN29H2CE
13/01/2021 - Eficácia da Coronavac: 50,38%, 78% ou 100%? https://blogs.oglobo.globo.com/lauro-jardim/post/5038-78-ou-100.html
“De acordo com interlocutores que participaram tanto do anúncio de ontem como da semana passada, quem pressionou para que os dados de 78% e 100% fossem liberados foi João Dória.”
07/05/2021 - Covid-19: Doria toma primeira dose da vacina CoronaVac https://veja.abril.com.br/saude/covid-19-doria-toma-primeira-dose-da-vacina-coronavac/
04/06/2021 - Doria é vacinado com a segunda dose da CoronaVac em São Paulo https://noticias.uol.com.br/politica/ultimas-noticias/2021/06/04/doria-e-vacinado-com-a-segunda-dose-da-coronavac-em-sao-paulo.htm
15/07/2021 - Doria testa positivo para a Covid-19 pela 2ª vez https://www.correiobraziliense.com.br/politica/2021/07/4937833-doria-testa-positivo-para-covid-19-pela-segunda-vez.html
"Governador de São Paulo já havia sido diagnosticado com a doença no ano passado. Ele diz que, apesar da infecção, se sente bem, o que atribui ao fato de ter sido vacinado com duas doses da Coronavac"
06/08/2021 - CPI recebe investigação contra Doria por compra de máscara sem licitação https://www.conexaopoder.com.br/nacional/cpi-recebe-investigacao-contra-doria-por-compra-de-mascara-sem-licitacao/150827
"Empresa teria usado o nome de Alexandre Frota para vender máscaras ao governo de SP. Doria nega informação"
Renan Filho
(filho do Renan Calheiros)
25/07/2019 - Governador Renan Filho vai à China em busca de investimentos para o estado https://www.tnh1.com.br/videos/vid/governador-renan-filho-vai-a-china-em-busca-de-investimentos-para-o-estado/
20/03/2020 - Governadores do NE consultam China e pedem material para tratar covid-19 https://noticias.uol.com.br/saude/ultimas-noticias/redacao/2020/03/20/governadores-do-ne-consultam-china-e-pedem-material-para-tratar-covid-19.htm
5. Narrativas, restrições e proibições
17/12/2020 - STF decide que vacina contra a covid pode ser obrigatória, mas não forçada https://noticias.uol.com.br/saude/ultimas-noticias/redacao/2020/12/17/stf-julga-vacinacao-obrigatoria.htm?cmpid=copiaecola
"O STF (Supremo Tribunal Federal) decidiu, em julgamento hoje, que o Estado pode determinar a obrigatoriedade da vacinação contra a covid-19. Porém fica proibido o uso da força para exigir a vacinação, ainda que possam ser aplicadas restrições a direitos de quem recusar a imunização.
Dez ministros foram favoráveis a obrigatoriedade da vacinação, que poderá ser determinada pelo governo federal, estados ou municípios. As penalidades a quem não cumprir a obrigação deverão ser definidas em lei."
27/07/2021 - Saiba que países estão adotando 'passaporte da vacina' para suspender restrições https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/internacional/2021/07/27/saiba-que-paises-estao-adotando-passaporte-da-vacina-para-suspender-restricoes
" - Israel - Uniao Europeia - Áustria - Dinamarca - Eslovênia - França - Grécia - Irlanda - Itália - Letônia - Lituânia - Luxemburgo - Holanda - Portugal - Japão - Coreia do sul"
18/06/2021 - O que é o passaporte da vacina que Bolsonaro quer vetar? https://noticias.uol.com.br/politica/ultimas-noticias/2021/06/18/uol-explica-o-que-e-o-passaporte-da-vacina-que-opoe-bolsonaro-e-damares.htm
"O Brasil poderá ter um certificado de imunização futuramente. Aprovado no Senado na semana passada, o "passaporte da vacina", como é chamado, prevê identificar pessoas vacinadas para que entrem em locais públicos ou privados com possíveis restrições."
6. Vacinas
Alegações iniciais
- CoronaVac, Oxford e Pfizer: veja diferenças entre as vacinas contra covid noticias.uol.com.br/saude/ultimas-noticias/redacao/2021/05/11/diferencas-vacinas-covid-brasil.htm
" - CoronaVac (Butantan/Sinovac - Chinesa) Com virus inativo 50,38% de eficácia 2 doses
-
Covishield - 'AstraZeneca' (Fiocruz/Astrazenica/Oxford - Britânica) Com virus não replicante 67% de eficácia 2 doses
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ComiRNAty - 'Pfizer' (Pfizer - Americana / BioNTech - Alemã) Com RNA mensageiro 96% de eficácia 2 doses"
Riscos diretos
15/06/2021 - Trombose após vacinação com AstraZeneca: Quais os sintomas e como se deve atuar? https://www.istoedinheiro.com.br/trombose-apos-vacinacao-com-astrazeneca-quais-os-sintomas-e-como-se-deve-atuar/
"Agências europeias estão reticentes com a vacina da AstraZeneca. Ela chegou a ser desaconselhada a pessoas com idade inferior a 60 anos, e um alto funcionário da Agência Europeia de Medicamentos declarou que era melhor deixar de administrar a vacina deste laboratório em qualquer idade quando há alternativas disponíveis, devido aos relatos de trombose após a primeira dose, apesar de raros."
11/05/2021 - CoronaVac, Oxford e Pfizer: veja diferenças entre as vacinas contra covid https://noticias.uol.com.br/saude/ultimas-noticias/redacao/2021/05/11/diferencas-vacinas-covid-brasil.htm
"Na terça-feira (12), o Ministério da Saúde determinou a suspensão da aplicação da vacina de Oxford/AstraZeneca para gestantes e puérperas com comorbidades. A decisão segue recomendação da Anvisa, que apura a morte de uma grávida de 35 anos que tomou o imunizante e teve um AVC (acidente vascular cerebral)."
30/07/2021 - Pfizer representa o mesmo risco de trombose que a Astrazeneca, aponta levantamento https://panoramafarmaceutico.com.br/pfizer-representa-o-mesmo-risco-de-trombose-que-a-astrazeneca-aponta-levantamento/
7. CRIMES
Crimes da Pfizer
18/11/2020 Não listado no google - Os Crimes documentados da produtora de vacinas de Covid - Pfizer [INGLÊS] https://www.dmlawfirm.com/crimes-of-covid-vaccine-maker-pfizer-well-documented/
"A velocidade com que a vacina Covid da Pfizer foi produzida, a ausência de estudos em animais, testes de controle randomizados e outros testes e procedimentos padrão usuais para um novo medicamento são, no mínimo, preocupantes. Além disso, todos os fabricantes de vacinas Covid receberam imunidade legal para quaisquer ferimentos ou mortes que possam causar. Se essas vacinas são tão seguras quanto promovidas, por que seus fabricantes precisam de imunidade geral?"
"A Pfizer, uma empresa farmacêutica que parece ter ganhado na loteria para produzir a primeira vacina Covid-19, está atualmente lutando contra centenas de ações judiciais sobre o Zantac, um popular medicamento contra azia. Os processos da Zantac afirmam que a droga popular pode estar contaminada com uma substância cancerígena chamada N-nitrosodimetilamina (NDMA). Os processos Zantac são em aberto e em andamento, já que a farmacêutica está lutando contra eles; mas a Pfizer, sabemos, cometeu vários crimes ou transgressões pelos quais foi punida nos últimos anos. As falhas da empresa estão bem documentadas e vale a pena revisá-las neste momento crítico da história da humanidade, enquanto todos nós buscamos respostas."
A Pfizer recebeu a maior multa da história dos Estados Unidos como parte de um acordo judicial de US $ 2,3 bilhões com promotores federais por promover medicamentos erroneamente (Bextra, Celebrex) e pagar propinas a médicos complacentes. A Pfizer se confessou culpada de falsificar a marca do analgésico Bextra, promovendo o medicamento para usos para os quais não foi aprovado.
Na década de 1990, a Pfizer estava envolvida em válvulas cardíacas defeituosas que causaram a morte de mais de 100 pessoas. A Pfizer enganou deliberadamente os reguladores sobre os perigos. A empresa concordou em pagar US $ 10,75 milhões para acertar as acusações do departamento de justiça por enganar reguladores.
A Pfizer pagou mais de US $ 60 milhões para resolver um processo sobre o Rezulin, um medicamento para diabetes que causou a morte de pacientes de insuficiência hepática aguda.
No Reino Unido, a Pfizer foi multada em quase € 90 milhões por sobrecarregar o NHS, o Serviço Nacional de Saúde. A Pfizer cobrou do contribuinte um adicional de € 48 milhões por ano, pelo que deveria custar € 2 milhões por ano.
A Pfizer concordou em pagar US $ 430 milhões em 2004 para resolver acusações criminais de que havia subornado médicos para prescrever seu medicamento para epilepsia Neurontin para indicações para as quais não foi aprovado. Em 2011, um júri concluiu que a Pfizer cometeu fraude em sua comercialização do medicamento Neurontin. A Pfizer concordou em pagar $ 142,1 milhões para liquidar as despesas.
A Pfizer revelou que pagou quase 4.500 médicos e outros profissionais médicos cerca de US $ 20 milhões por falar em nome da Pfizer.
Em 2012, a Comissão de Valores Mobiliários dos Estados Unidos - anunciou que havia chegado a um acordo de US $ 45 milhões com a Pfizer para resolver acusações de que suas subsidiárias haviam subornado médicos e outros profissionais de saúde no exterior para aumentar as vendas no exterior.
A Pfizer foi processada em um tribunal federal dos Estados Unidos por usar crianças nigerianas como cobaias humanas, sem o consentimento dos pais das crianças. A Pfizer pagou US $ 75 milhões para entrar em acordo no tribunal nigeriano pelo uso de um antibiótico experimental, o Trovan, nas crianças. A empresa pagou um valor adicional não divulgado nos Estados Unidos para liquidar as despesas aqui. A Pfizer violou o direito internacional, incluindo a Convenção de Nuremberg estabelecida após a Segunda Guerra Mundial, devido aos experimentos nazistas em prisioneiros relutantes.
Em meio a críticas generalizadas de roubar os países pobres em busca de drogas, a Pfizer prometeu dar US $ 50 milhões para um medicamento para a AIDS para a África do Sul. Mais tarde, no entanto, a Pfizer falhou em honrar essa promessa.
- Pfizer contract leaked!
[Contrato da Pfizer vazado]
http://sanjeev.sabhlokcity.com/Misc/LEXO-KONTRATEN-E-PLOTE.pdf
Segundo o contrato "o produto não deve ser serializado":
"5.5 Reconhecimento do comprador.
O Comprador reconhece que a Vacina e os materiais relacionados à Vacina, e seus componentes e materiais constituintes estão sendo desenvolvidos rapidamente devido às circunstâncias de emergência da pandemia de COVID-19 e continuarão a ser estudados após o fornecimento da Vacina ao Comprador nos termos deste Contrato. O Comprador reconhece ainda que os efeitos de longo prazo e eficácia da Vacina não são atualmente conhecidos e que pode haver efeitos adversos da Vacina que não são atualmente conhecidos. Além disso, na medida do aplicável, o Comprador reconhece que o Produto não deve ser serializado."
Crimes da AstraZeneca
21/06/2003 - AstraZeneca se declara culpada no esquema de médico de câncer https://www.nytimes.com/2003/06/21/business/astrazeneca-pleads-guilty-in-cancer-medicine-scheme.html
"A AstraZeneca, a grande empresa farmacêutica, se declarou culpada hoje de uma acusação de crime de fraude no sistema de saúde e concordou em pagar $ 355 milhões para resolver as acusações criminais e civis de que se envolveu em um esquema nacional para comercializar ilegalmente um medicamento contra o câncer de próstata.
O governo disse que os funcionários da empresa deram incentivos financeiros ilegais a cerca de 400 médicos em todo o país para persuadi-los a prescrever o medicamento Zoladex. Esses incentivos incluíram milhares de amostras grátis de Zoladex [...]"
27/04/2010 - Farmacêutica gigante AstraZeneca pagará US $ 520 milhões pelo marketing de medicamentos off-label https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/pharmaceutical-giant-astrazeneca-pay-520-million-label-drug-marketing
"AstraZeneca LP e AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP vão pagar $ 520 milhões para resolver as alegações de que a AstraZeneca comercializou ilegalmente o medicamento antipsicótico Seroquel para usos não aprovados como seguros e eficazes pela Food and Drug Administration (FDA), os Departamentos de Justiça e Saúde e Serviços Humanos A Equipe de Ação de Fiscalização de Fraudes em Saúde (HEAT) anunciou hoje. Esses usos não aprovados também são conhecidos como usos "off-label" porque não estão incluídos no rótulo do medicamento aprovado pela FDA."
- List of largest pharmaceutical settlements [Lista dos maiores acordos farmaceuticos] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_largest_pharmaceutical_settlements
8. CIENTISTAS
- Máscara Provoca Insuficiência Respiratória E Contaminação Microbiana… [Canal deletado] https://youtube.com/watch?v=eHu-pydSvDI
Não lembro mais a quem pertencia, mas provavelmente era de um médico falando do assunto. Creio ter sido do Dr. Paulo Sato, por essa temática ter sido abordada por ele, mas ao abrir o site aparece somente:
"Este vídeo foi removido por violar as diretrizes da comunidade do YouTube"
Dr. Paulo Sato
- USAR ou NÃO USAR a CUECA do seu governador no rosto https://fb.watch/7NPP_7rS5S/ https://www.facebook.com/AdoniasSoaresBR/videos/1347904292291481/ Adonias Soares entrevista ao Dr. Paulo Sato sobre as máscaras, em que é simulado o efeito da respiração prolongada das máscaras no organismo com o uso de águas de torneira, natural, gaseificada (com gás carbônico) e antioxidante, em que a com gás carbônico (PH 4 - Ácido) representa o organismo humano, e na prática representa lesão corporal e iniciação de doenças.
Dr. Kary Mullis
(Criador do teste PCR)
- PCR nas palavras do seu inventor - Dr. Kary Mullis (legendado) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W1O52uTygk8
"Qualquer um pode testar positivo para quase qualquer coisa com um teste de PCR, se você executá-lo por tempo suficiente… Com PCR, se voce fizer isso bem, você pode encontrar quase tudo em qualquer pessoa… Isso não te diz que você está doente."
- Kary Mullis DESTRUYE a Anthony Fauci lbry://@CapitalistChile#0/Kary-Mullis---Fauci#5
"Ele [...] não entende de medicina e não deveria estar onde está. A maioria dos que estão acima são só administrativos e não têm nem ideia do que ocorre aqui em baixo e essas pessoas tem uma agenda que não é a que gostaríamos que tivessem, dado que somos nós os que pagamos a eles para que cuidem da nossa saúde. Têm uma agenda pessoal."
Dra. Li-Meng Yan
- Dra. Li-Meng Yan: O vírus foi criado em laboratório com um objetivo: Causar dano. https://youtu.be/pSXp3CZnvOc
Dr. Joe Roseman
- Cientista Phd Dr Joe Roseman faz seríssimas advertencias sobre a picada https://youtu.be/0PIXVFqJ_h8
Dr. Robert Malone
- As vacinas podem estar causando ADE - Dr. Robert Malone https://odysee.com/@AkashaComunidad:f/Las_vacunas_pueden_estar_causando_ADE_magnificaci%C3%B3n_mediada_por:f lbry://@Información.#b/Drrm#9
Dr. Robert Malone, um dos três inventores da tecnologia de RNAm que se usa de forma farmacêutica. No vídeo fala sobre os efeitos de ADE (realce dependente de anticorpos) que estão ocorrendo com as vacinas. Nas palavras do Dr. Malone, já não é somente uma hipótese, mas baseada nos conhecimentos gerados nas provas e ensaios pré clínicos, com as vacinas contra o primeiro vírus da SARS.
Dr. Luc Montagnier
- Dr. Luc Montagnier, virologista, prêmio Nobel de medicina, um dos descobridores do vírus HIV, afirma: "a vacinação em massa está criando as novas variantes' (@medicospelavida , telegram)
CASOS DOCUMENTADOS
13 de setembro de 2021 - 13/09/2021 - Carta aberta ao Ministro da Saúde por Arlene Ferrari Graf, mãe de Bruno Oscar Graf https://telegra.ph/Carta-aberta-ao-Ministro-da-Sa%C3%BAde-09-13
Também em: Gazeta do Povo
O texto de uma mãe discorrendo sobre o filho dela, Bruno Oscar Graf, ter ANTI-HEPARINA PF4 AUTO-IMUNE e ter vindo a falecer por reação à vacina.
11/05/2021 - Rio notifica morte de grávida vacinada com imunizante Oxford https://www.terra.com.br/noticias/coronavirus/rio-notifica-morte-de-gravida-vacinada-com-imunizante-oxford,415b9b0c49169427ac2f90ae3765c057e9suy3qn.html
"Vítima não apresentava histórico de doença circulatória nem sofria de nenhuma doença viral; relação será investigada"
13/08/2021 - Cruzeiro com 4.336 pessoas tem 27 contaminados com Covid-19 em Belize https://paranaportal.uol.com.br/geral/cruzeiro-com-4-336-pessoas-tem-27-contaminados-com-covid-19-em-belize/amp/
"Segundo um comunicado do Conselho de Turismo de Belize emitido na quarta-feira (11), 26 contaminados são da tripulação e um é passageiro. A maioria é assintomática e os 27 estão vacinados."
9. ALEGAÇÕES DIRETAS
Setembro de 2021 - 09/2021 - BOMBA: Ex-membro do Partido Comunista da China revela que o primeiro surto da Covid foi “intencional” https://terrabrasilnoticias.com/2021/09/bomba-ex-membro-do-partido-comunista-da-china-revela-que-o-primeiro-surto-da-covid-foi-intencional/
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@ b1ddb4d7:471244e7
2025-06-04 16:02:09
When Sergei talks about bitcoin, he doesn’t sound like someone chasing profits or followers. He sounds like someone about to build a monastery in the ruins.
While the mainstream world chases headlines and hype, Sergei shows up in local meetups from Sacramento to Cleveland, mentors curious minds, and shares what he knows is true – hoping that, with the right spark, someone will light their own way forward.
We interviewed Sergei to trace his steps: where he started, what keeps him going, and why teaching bitcoin is far more than explaining how to set up a node – it’s about reaching the right minds before the noise consumes them. So we began where most journeys start: at the beginning.
First Steps
- So, where did it all begin for you and what made you stay curious?
I first heard about bitcoin from a friend’s book recommendation, American Kingpin, the book about Silk Road (online drug marketplace). He is still not a true bitcoiner, although I helped him secure private keys with some bitcoin.
I was really busy at the time – focused on my school curriculum, running a 7-bedroom Airbnb, and working for a standardized test prep company. Bitcoin seemed too technical for me to explore, and the pace of my work left no time for it.
After graduating, while pursuing more training, I started playing around with stocks and maximizing my savings. Passive income seemed like the path to early retirement, as per the promise of the FIRE movement (Financial Independence, Retire Early). I mostly followed the mainstream news and my mentor’s advice – he liked preferred stocks at the time.
I had some Coinbase IOUs and remember sending bitcoin within the Coinbase ledger to a couple friends. I also recall the 2018 crash; I actually saw the legendary price spike live but couldn’t benefit because my funds were stuck amidst the frenzy. I withdrew from that investment completely for some time. Thankfully, my mentor advised to keep en eye on bitcoin.
Around late 2019, I started DCA-ing cautiously. Additionally, my friend and I were discussing famous billionaires, and how there was no curriculum for becoming a billionaire. So, I typed “billionaires” into my podcast app, and landed on We Study Billionaires podcast.
That’s where I kept hearing Preston Pysh mention bitcoin, before splitting into his own podcast series, Bitcoin Fundamentals. I didn’t understand most of the terminology of stocks, bonds, etc, yet I kept listening and trying to absorb it thru repetition. Today, I realize all that financial talk was mostly noise.
When people ask me for a technical explanation of fiat, I say: it’s all made up, just like the fiat price of bitcoin! Starting in 2020, during the so-called pandemic, I dove deeper. I religiously read Bitcoin Magazine, scrolled thru Bitcoin Twitter, and joined Simply Bitcoin Telegram group back when DarthCoin was an admin.
DarthCoin was my favorite bitcoiner – experienced, knowledgeable, and unapologetic. Watching him shift from rage to kindness, from passion to despair, gave me a glimpse at what a true educator’s journey would look like.
The struggle isn’t about adoption at scale anymore. It’s about reaching the few who are willing to study, take risks, and stay out of fiat traps. The vast majority won’t follow that example – not yet at least… if I start telling others the requirements for true freedom and prosperity, they would certainly say “Hell no!”
- At what point did you start teaching others, and why?
After college, I helped teach at a standardized test preparation company, and mentored some students one-on-one. I even tried working at a kindergarten briefly, but left quickly; Babysitting is not teaching.
What I discovered is that those who will succeed don’t really need my help – they would succeed with or without me, because they already have the inner drive.
Once you realize your people are perishing for lack of knowledge, the only rational thing to do is help raise their level of knowledge and understanding. That’s the Great Work.
I sometimes imagine myself as a political prisoner. If that were to happen, I’d probably start teaching fellow prisoners, doctors, janitors, even guards. In a way we already live in an open-air prison, So what else is there to do but teach, organize, and conspire to dismantle the Matrix?
Building on Bitcoin
- You hosted some in-person meetups in Sacramento. What did you learn from those?
My first presentation was on MultiSig storage with SeedSigner, and submarine swaps through Boltz.exchange.
I realized quickly that I had overestimated the group’s technical background. Even the meetup organizer, a financial advisor, asked, “How is anyone supposed to follow these steps?” I responded that reading was required… He decided that Unchained is an easier way.
At a crypto meetup, I gave a much simpler talk, outlining how bitcoin will save the world, based on a DarthCoin’s guide. Only one person stuck around to ask questions – a man who seemed a little out there, and did not really seem to get the message beyond the strength of cryptographic security of bitcoin.
Again, I overestimated the audience’s readiness. That forced me to rethink my strategy. People are extremely early and reluctant to study.
- Now in Ohio, you hold sessions via the Orange Pill App. What’s changed?
My new motto is: educate the educators. The corollary is: don’t orange-pill stupid normies (as DarthCoin puts it).
I’ve shifted to small, technical sessions in order to raise a few solid guardians of this esoteric knowledge who really get it and can carry it forward.
The youngest attendee at one of my sessions is a newborn baby – he mostly sleeps, but maybe he still absorbs some of the educational vibes.
- How do local groups like Sactown and Cleveland Bitcoiners influence your work?
Every meetup reflects its local culture. Sacramento and Bay Area Bitcoiners, for example, do camping trips – once we camped through a desert storm, shielding our burgers from sand while others went to shoot guns.
Cleveland Bitcoiners are different. They amass large gatherings. They recently threw a 100k party. They do a bit more community outreach. Some are curious about the esoteric topics such as jurisdiction, spirituality, and healthful living.
I have no permanent allegiance to any state, race, or group. I go where I can teach and learn. I anticipate that in my next phase, I’ll meet Bitcoiners so advanced that I’ll have to give up my fiat job and focus full-time on serious projects where real health and wealth are on the line.
Hopefully, I’ll be ready. I believe the universe always challenges you exactly to your limit – no less, no more.
- What do people struggle with the most when it comes to technical education?
The biggest struggle isn’t technical – it’s a lack of deep curiosity. People ask “how” and “what” – how do I set up a node, what should one do with the lightning channels? But very few ask “why?”
Why does on-chain bitcoin not contribute to the circular economy? Why is it essential to run Lightning? Why did humanity fall into mental enslavement in the first place?
I’d rather teach two-year-olds who constantly ask “why” than adults who ask how to flip a profit. What worries me most is that most two-year-olds will grow up asking state-funded AI bots for answers and live according to its recommendations.
- One Cleveland Bitcoiner shows up at gold bug meetups. How valuable is face-to-face education?
I don’t think the older generation is going to reverse the current human condition. Most of them have been under mind control for too long, and they just don’t have the attention span to study and change their ways.
They’re better off stacking gold and helping fund their grandkids’ education. If I were to focus on a demographic, I’d go for teenagers – high school age – because by college, the indoctrination is usually too strong, and they’re chasing fiat mastery.
As for the gold bug meetup? Perhaps one day I will show up with a ukulele to sing some bitcoin-themed songs. Seniors love such entertainment.
- How do you choose what to focus on in your sessions, especially for different types of learners?
I don’t come in with a rigid agenda. I’ve collected a massive library of resources over the years and never stopped reading. My browser tab and folder count are exploding.
At the meetup, people share questions or topics they’re curious about, then I take that home, do my homework, and bring back a session based on those themes. I give them the key takeaways, plus where to dive deeper.
Most people won’t – or can’t – study the way I do, and I expect attendees to put in the work. I suspect that it’s more important to reach those who want to learn but don’t know how, the so-called nescient (not knowing), rather than the ignorant.
There are way too many ignorant bitcoiners, so my mission is to find those who are curious what’s beyond the facade of fake reality and superficial promises.
That naturally means that fewer people show up, and that’s fine. I’m not here for the crowds; I’m here to educate the educators. One bitcoiner who came decided to branch off into self-custody sessions and that’s awesome. Personally, I’m much more focused on Lightning.
I want to see broader adoption of tools like auth, sign-message, NWC, and LSPs. Next month, I’m going deep into eCash solutions, because let’s face it – most newcomers won’t be able to afford their own UTXO or open a lightning channel; additionally, it has to be fun and easy for them to transact sats, otherwise they won’t do it. Additionally, they’ll need to rely on
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@ 6316050a:a5e43cbe
2025-06-04 14:24:01
Contexto
En el Grupo de Teoría y Simulación en Materia Blanda estudiamos sistemas poliméricos, interfaces y sistemas coloidales a escala nanoscópica. Estos pueden estar en equilibrio o presentar flujo de partículas o calor y son de interés en ciencia básica y aplicada en campos como micro y nano-fluídica, aplicaciones a transferencia de calor y máquinas moleculares. Una característica central es que la temperatura juega un rol importante y existe una competencia entre entropía y energía. Esto suele dar lugar a transiciones de fases u otros cambios cualitativos del comportamiento del sistema.
Herramientas
Usamos simulación computacional y herramientas teóricas, con énfasis en conceptos de mecánica estadística, que permiten estudiar variados sistemas en diferentes situaciones físicas. Estudiamos a estos sistemas en condiciones de equilibrio termodinámico o también cómo es su comportamiento cuando se inducen flujos o se los somete a campos externos. (fuera de equilibrio)
Proponemos el siguiente tema de Tesis de Licenciatura en física
Simulación de transferencia de calor en nanocanales con paredes modificadas por polímeros
Izquierda: Nano- con una interfaz líquido vapor canal y un flujo estacionario de calor, provocado por la diferencia de temperatura de las paredes. Derecha: Puente de líquido inducido por la presencia de polímeros semi-flexibles. Ambas imágenes obtenidas de simulaciones de dinámica molecular. Los fenómenos de transferencia de calor tienen una gran importancia en un amplísimo rango de aplicaciones como los procesos de generación y conversión de energía y son cruciales para el enfriamiento de motores y dispositivos electrónicos. Estas aplicaciones requerirán en el futuro un funcionamiento a mayor densidad de energía, y por lo tanto, mayor generación de calor, que deberá ser removido más eficientemente. En particular, los fenómenos de cambio de fases, como la ebullición nucleada, tienen aplicaciones en plantas de potencia eléctrica, desalinización térmica, enfriamiento de chips electrónicos y recuperación de calor desechado, entre muchas otras. Uno de los desafíos más importantes para continuar la reducción de tamaño de los dispositivos electrónicos es aumentar su densidad de potencia de operación y para ello se debe lograr una extracción eficiente del calor generado. La transferencia de calor es relevante también en aplicaciones a escalas espaciales mayores, como en la generación de energía eléctrica en centrales térmicas y nucleares. En las centrales nucleares de generación IV es necesario aumentar el calor transportado por unidad de tiempo y mejorar la eficiencia de los intercambiadores de calor. Estos procesos de transporte térmico distan de comprenderse a nivel básico, porque tienen una gran complejidad en tanto que son fenómenos fuera de equilibrio con cambios de fases.
Se propone estudiar la transferencia de calor en un nanocanal que presenta una interfaz líquido-vapor.
Estudiaremos los detalles de cómo cambian con el tiempo las características de la evaporación de una interfaz y las propiedades térmicas cuando se modifica la pared con polímeros u otras moléculas en el seno del líquido. Analizaremos también la rectificación del flujo de calor, pensando al nano-canal como un diodo térmico. Realizaremos simulaciones de dinámica molecular en clusters de supercómputo para estudiar estos sistemas en distintas condiciones físicas. Si tienen interés en tener más detalles, no duden en contactarnos.Contacto: Claudio Pastorino (claudiopastorino .... cnea.gob.ar ; IG, X: @clopasto; Nostr: @clopasto
¿Qué se aprenderá en esta Tesis principalmente?
Estas línea de trabajo es teórico-numérica , con una parte importante de simulación computacional. Involucra principalmente conceptos de: * Mecánica estadística (Física Teórica 3 en DF-UBA), * Materia condensada en general y materia blanda. * Fundamentos y uso de simulación computacional: Dinámica Molecular, Dissipative Particle Dynamics y/o Monte Carlo, * No se requieren conocimientos previos de computación, pero sí interés en el uso y creación de programas, para plantear y calcular propiedades de los sistemas físicos. * Se trabajará con * Linux, Python, Bash, Awk. * Clusters de super-cómputo, High Performance Computing. * Herramientas de posprocesamiento.
Referencias
- Heat flow through a liquid–vapor interface in a nano-channel: the effect of end-grafting polymers on a wall , Claudio Pastorino, Ignacio Urrutia, María Fiora y Federico Condado, J. Phys. Cond. Matt. 34:344004
- Boiling and quenching heat transfer advancement by nanoscale surface modification Hu, Xu, Cheng, Zhao, Ziegler and Chung. Scientific Reports 7:6117 (2017)
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 17:02:20
Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.
- RoboSats v0.7.7-alpha is now available!
NOTE: "This version of clients is not compatible with older versions of coordinators. Coordinators must upgrade first, make sure you don't upgrade your client while this is marked as pre-release."
- This version brings a new and improved coordinators view with reviews signed both by the robot and the coordinator, adds market price sources in coordinator profiles, shows a correct warning for canceling non-taken orders after a payment attempt, adds Uzbek sum currency, and includes package library updates for coordinators.
Source: RoboSats.
- siggy47 is writing daily RoboSats activity reviews on stacker.news. Check them out here.
- Stay up-to-date with RoboSats on Nostr.
What's new
- New coordinators view (see the picture above).
- Available coordinator reviews signed by both the robot and the coordinator.
- Coordinators now display market price sources in their profiles.
Source: RoboSats.
- Fix for wrong message on cancel button when taking an order. Users are now warned if they try to cancel a non taken order after a payment attempt.
- Uzbek sum currency now available.
- For coordinators: library updates.
- Add docker frontend (#1861).
- Add order review token (#1869).
- Add UZS migration (#1875).
- Fixed tests review (#1878).
- Nostr pubkey for Robot (#1887).
New contributors
Full Changelog: v0.7.6-alpha...v0.7.7-alpha
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@ b1ddb4d7:471244e7
2025-06-04 16:02:04
“Not your keys, not your coins” isn’t a slogan—it’s a survival mantra in the age of digital sovereignty.
The seismic collapses of Mt. Gox (2014) and FTX (2022) weren’t anomalies; they were wake-up calls. When $8.7 billion in customer funds vanished with FTX, it exposed the fatal flaw of third-party custody: your bitcoin is only as secure as your custodian’s weakest link.
Yet today, As of early 2025, analysts estimate that between 2.3 million and 3.7 million Bitcoins are permanently lost, representing approximately 11–18% of bitcoin’s fixed maximum supply of 21 million coins, with some reports suggesting losses as high as 4 million BTC. This paradox reveals a critical truth: self-custody isn’t just preferable—it’s essential—but it must be done right.
The Custody Spectrum
Custodial Wallets (The Illusion of Control)
- Rehypothecation Risk: Most platforms lend your bitcoin for yield generation. When Celsius collapsed, users discovered their “held” bitcoin was loaned out in risky strategies.
- Account Freezes: Regulatory actions can lock withdrawals overnight. In 2023, Binance suspended dollar withdrawals for U.S. users citing “partner bank issues,” trapping funds for weeks.
- Data Vulnerability: KYC requirements create honeypots for hackers. The 2024 Ledger breach exposed 270,000 users’ personal data despite hardware security.
True Self-Custody
Self-custody means exclusively controlling your private keys—the cryptographic strings that prove bitcoin ownership. Unlike banks or exchanges, self-custody eliminates:- Counterparty risk (no FTX-style implosions)
- Censorship (no blocked transactions)
- Inflationary theft (no fractional reserve lending)
Conquering the Three Great Fears of Self-Custody
Fear 1: “I’ll Lose Everything If I Make a Mistake”
Reality: Human error is manageable with robust systems:
- Test Transactions: Always send a micro-amount (0.00001 BTC) before large transfers. Verify receipt AND ability to send back.
- Multi-Backup Protocol: Store seed phrases on fireproof/waterproof steel plates (not paper!). Distribute copies geographically—one in a home safe, another with trusted family 100+ miles away.
- SLIP39 Sharding: Split your seed into fragments requiring 3-of-5 shards to reconstruct. No single point of failure.
Fear 2: “Hackers Will Steal My Keys”
Reality: Offline storage defeats remote attacks:
- Hardware Wallets: Devices like Bitkey or Ledger keep keys in “cold storage”—isolated from internet-connected devices. Transactions require physical confirmation.
- Multisig Vaults: Bitvault’s multi-sig system requires attackers compromise multiple locations/devices simultaneously. Even losing two keys won’t forfeit funds.
- Air-Gapped Verification: Use dedicated offline devices for wallet setup. Never type seeds on internet-connected machines.
Fear 3: “My Family Can’t Access It If I Die”
Reality: Inheritance is solvable:
- Dead Man Switches: Bitwarden’s emergency access allows trusted contacts to retrieve encrypted keys after a pre-set waiting period (e.g., 30 days).
- Inheritance Protocols: Bitkey’s inheritance solution shares decryption keys via designated beneficiaries’ emails. Requires multiple approvals to prevent abuse.
- Public Key Registries: Share wallet XPUBs (not private keys!) with heirs. They can monitor balances but not spend, ensuring transparency without risk.
The Freedom Dividend
- Censorship Resistance: Send $10M BTC to a Wikileaks wallet without Visa/Mastercard blocking it.
- Privacy Preservation: Avoid KYC surveillance—non-custodial wallets like Flash require zero ID verification.
- Protocol Access: Participate in bitcoin-native innovations (Lightning Network, DLCs) only possible with self-custodied keys.
- Black Swan Immunity: When Cyprus-style bank bailins happen, your bitcoin remains untouched in your vault.
The Sovereign’s Checklist
- Withdraw from Exchanges: Move all BTC > $1,000 to self-custody immediately.
- Buy Hardware Wallet: Purchase DIRECTLY from manufacturer (no Amazon!) to avoid supply-chain tampering.
- Generate Seed OFFLINE: Use air-gapped device, write phrase on steel—never digitally.
- Test Recovery: Delete wallet, restore from seed before funding.
- Implement Multisig: For > $75k, use Bitvault for 2-of-3 multi-sig setup.
- Create Inheritance Plan: Share XPUBs/SLIP39 shards with heirs + legal documents.
“Self-custody isn’t about avoiding risk—it’s about transferring risk from opaque institutions to transparent, controllable systems you design.”
The Inevitable Evolution: Custody Without Compromise
Emerging solutions are erasing old tradeoffs:
- MPC Wallets: Services like Xapo Bank shatter keys into encrypted fragments distributed globally. No single device holds full keys, defeating physical theft.
- Social Recovery: Ethically designed networks (e.g., Bitkey) let trusted contacts restore access without custodial control.
- Biometric Assurance: Fingerprint reset protocols prevent lockouts from physical injuries.
Lost keys = lost bitcoin. But consider the alternative: entrusting your life savings to entities with proven 8% annual failure rates among exchanges. Self-custody shifts responsibility from hoping institutions won’t fail to knowing your system can’t fail without your consent.
Take action today: Move one coin. Test one recovery. Share one xpub. The path to unchained wealth begins with a single satoshi under your control.
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 17:02:18
- This version introduces the Soroban P2P network, enabling Dojo to relay transactions to the Bitcoin network and share others' transactions to break the heuristic linking relaying nodes to transaction creators.
- Additionally, Dojo admins can now manage API keys in DMT with labels, status, and expiration, ideal for community Dojo providers like Dojobay. New API endpoints, including "/services" exposing Explorer, Soroban, and Indexer, have been added to aid wallet developers.
- Other maintenance updates include Bitcoin Core, Tor, Fulcrum, Node.js, plus an updated ban-knots script to disconnect inbound Knots nodes.
"I want to thank all the contributors. This again shows the power of true Free Software. I also want to thank everyone who donated to help Dojo development going. I truly appreciate it," said Still Dojo Coder.
What's new
- Soroban P2P network. For MyDojo (Docker setup) users, Soroban will be automatically installed as part of their Dojo. This integration allows Dojo to utilize the Soroban P2P network for various upcoming features and applications.
- PandoTx. PandoTx serves as a transaction transport layer. When your wallet sends a transaction to Dojo, it is relayed to a random Soroban node, which then forwards it to the Bitcoin network. It also enables your Soroban node to receive and relay transactions from others to the Bitcoin network and is designed to disrupt the assumption that a node relaying a transaction is closely linked to the person who initiated it.
- Pushing transactions through Soroban can be deactivated by setting
NODE_PANDOTX_PUSH=offindocker-node.conf. - Processing incoming transactions from Soroban network can be deactivated by setting
NODE_PANDOTX_PROCESS=offindocker-node.conf.
- Pushing transactions through Soroban can be deactivated by setting
- API key management has been introduced to address the growing number of people offering their Dojos to the community. Dojo admins can now access a new API management tab in their DMT, where they can create unlimited API keys, assign labels for easy identification, and set expiration dates for each key. This allows admins to avoid sharing their main API key and instead distribute specific keys to selected parties.
- New API endpoints. Several new API endpoints have been added to help API consumers develop features on Dojo more efficiently:
- New:
/latest-block- returns data about latest block/txout/:txid/:index- returns unspent output data/support/services- returns info about services that Dojo exposes
- Updated:
/tx/:txid- endpoint has been updated to return raw transaction with parameter?rawHex=1
- The new
/support/servicesendpoint replaces the deprecatedexplorerfield in the Dojo pairing payload. Although still present, API consumers should use this endpoint for explorer and other pairing data.
- New:
Other changes
- Updated ban script to disconnect inbound Knots nodes.
- Updated Fulcrum to v1.12.0.
- Regenerate Fulcrum certificate if expired.
- Check if transaction already exists in pushTx.
- Bump BTC-RPC Explorer.
- Bump Tor to v0.4.8.16, bump Snowflake.
- Updated Bitcoin Core to v29.0.
- Removed unnecessary middleware.
- Fixed DB update mechanism, added api_keys table.
- Add an option to use blocksdir config for bitcoin blocks directory.
- Removed deprecated configuration.
- Updated Node.js dependencies.
- Reconfigured container dependencies.
- Fix Snowflake git URL.
- Fix log path for testnet4.
- Use prebuilt addrindexrs binaries.
- Add instructions to migrate blockchain/fulcrum.
- Added pull policies.
Learn how to set up and use your own Bitcoin privacy node with Dojo here.
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@ 8d34bd24:414be32b
2025-06-04 13:21:20
It is hard going through difficult situations. Health problems, family problems, financial problems, feeling alone, feeling stuck in the wrong place, and persecution are all situations that Christians regularly find themselves. The question is “How will we respond to pain?”
Advice for the Suffering
Some Christians pull away from God when it feels like everything is going wrong. They think God doesn’t care or can’t fix things. They resent every minute of pain and accuse God of wrongdoing. Even Job, who fell on his face in worship after losing everything had a moment of weakness.
“Oh that my grief were actually weighed\ And laid in the balances together with my calamity!\ For then it would be heavier than the sand of the seas;\ Therefore my words have been rash.” (Job 6:2-3) {emphasis mine}
After a moment of doubt, he did, however, repent of his rash words, as should we all.
Job should be an example to us all in dealing with pain and difficult situations. This is the verse that inspired this post.
But it is still my consolation,\ And I rejoice in unsparing pain,\ That I have not denied the words of the Holy One. \ (Job 6:10) {emphasis mine}
What an example! “I rejoice in unsparing pain.” When we trust God so much that we can rejoice in unsparing pain, we are trusting God as we should. We are accepting that God is working good in our life and we can trust Him even when nothing makes sense to us.
I also love how he says that his consolation is that “I have not denied the words of the Holy One.” Job is hurting terribly. His heart is broken. He is destitute. He lost 8 children in one day. His friends, that came to console him, have instead accused him of wrongdoing. He doesn’t understand what God is doing and why, but he has “NOT denied the words of the Holy One.” He is still putting his faith in God and his word. He is still submitting to God when he feels mistreated. He is still trusting \ God, even when he doesn’t understand what God is doing and why so many bad things are raining down on him in a torrent. Despite it all, he refuses to deny God. I hope if I am ever put through similar situations, that I can trust God and not deny His goodness.
Advice for friends
The book of Job, in addition to advice to those who are suffering, also gives advice to friends of those who are suffering. (or maybe more accurately, what not to do)
Job’s friends came with the intention to encourage and console Job. Every time Job would confess his thoughts, concerns, and questions, the response by his friends would get harsher and harsher. In the beginning they were gentle corrections, but they quickly escalated to accusing Job of great sins, that they had to know were not true, and blaming Job for every hard thing that had happened to him.
I’ve talked to other Christians who have confessed to being dragged down by other Christians who would tell them that every difficult thing that happened to them was due to their sin or lack of faith. In the case of Job, his difficulties were due to his faithfulness, in order to prove to Satan and all of history that a faithful man would stay faithful to God in good times and in bad.
Can Christians suffer as a consequence of sins and poor decisions? Of course, but there are many times that the faithful suffer. In Scripture, the people who suffered most were frequently the most faithful.
Job’s correction of his friends was accurate.
“For the despairing man there should be kindness from his friend;\ So that he does not forsake the fear of the Almighty.\ My brothers have acted deceitfully like a wadi,\ Like the torrents of wadis which vanish, (Job 6:14-15)
For those who don’t know, a wadi is a streambed that has water running in the wet season, but is bone dry during the dry season. Job accused his friends of being encouraging and helpful when he was prospering, then showing up and providing no encouragement or help when he needed it most. He thought refreshment was coming to visit, and instead what hope he had left was drained from him by his “friends.”
We need to make sure we aren’t one of those who decreases hope and decreases faith in one who is hurting. We need to have mercy when a hurting person works through their confusion and doubts and help lead them back to God instead of driving a wedge between them and God.
May the God of heaven protect us and lead us through the trials of life and may our trials lead us into the arms of our Savior. May God help us to merciful and to help guide the hurting into the Savior’s care.
Trust Jesus
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@ b1ddb4d7:471244e7
2025-06-04 16:02:02
Jason Lowery’s thesis, Softwar: A Novel Theory on Power Projection and the National Strategic Significance of Bitcoin, reframes bitcoin not merely as digital cash but as a transformative security technology with profound implications for investors and nation-states alike.
For centuries, craft brewers understood that true innovation balanced tradition with experimentation—a delicate dance between established techniques and bold new flavors.
Much like the craft beer revolution reshaped a global industry, bitcoin represents a fundamental recalibration of how humans organize value and project power in the digital age.
The Antler in the Digital Forest: Power Projection
Lowery, a U.S. Space Force officer and MIT scholar, anchors his Softwar theory in a biological metaphor: Bitcoin as humanity’s “digital antler.” In nature, antlers allow animals like deer to compete for resources through non-lethal contests—sparring matches where power is demonstrated without fatal consequences. This contrasts sharply with wolves, who must resort to violent, potentially deadly fights to establish hierarchy.
The Human Power Dilemma: Historically, humans projected power and settled resource disputes through physical force—wars, seizures, or coercive control of assets. Even modern financial systems rely on abstract power structures: court orders, bank freezes, or government sanctions enforced by legal threat rather than immediate physical reality.
Lowery argues this creates inherent fragility: abstract systems can collapse when met with superior physical force (e.g., invasions, revolutions). Nature only respects physical power.
Bitcoin’s Physical Power Engine: Bitcoin introduces a novel solution through its proof-of-work consensus mechanism. Miners compete to solve computationally intense cryptographic puzzles, expending real-world energy (megawatts) to validate transactions and secure the network.
This process converts electricity—a tangible, physical resource—into digital security and immutable property rights. Winning a “block” is like winning a sparring match: it consumes significant resources (energy/cost) but is non-destructive.
The miner gains the right to write the next page of the ledger and collect rewards, but no participant is physically harmed, and no external infrastructure is destroyed.
Table: Traditional vs. Bitcoin-Based Power Systems
Power System
Mechanism
Key Vulnerability
Resource Cost
Traditional (Fiat/Banking)
Legal abstraction, threat of state force
Centralized points of failure, corruption, political change
Low immediate cost, high systemic risk
Military/Economic Coercion
Physical force, sanctions
Escalation, collateral damage, moral hazard
Very high (lives, capital, instability)
Bitcoin (Proof-of-Work)
Competition via energy expenditure
High energy cost, concentration risk (mining)
High energy cost, low systemic risk
Softwar Theory National Strategic Imperative: Governments Are Taking Notice
Lowery’s Softwar Theory has moved beyond academia into the corridors of power, shaping U.S. national strategy:
- The Strategic Bitcoin Reserve: Vice President JD Vance recently framed bitcoin as an instrument projecting American values—”innovation, entrepreneurship, freedom, and lack of censorship”. State legislation is now underway to implement this reserve, preventing easy reversal by future administrations.
- Regulatory Transformation: The SEC is shifting from an “enforcement-first” stance under previous leadership. New initiatives include:
- Repealing Staff Accounting Bulletin 121 (SAB 121), which discouraged banks from custodying digital currency by forcing unfavorable balance sheet treatment.
- Creating the Cyber and Emerging Technologies Unit (CETU) to develop clearer crypto registration/disclosure rules.
The Investor’s Lens: Scarcity, Security, and Asymmetric Opportunity
For investors, understanding “Softwar” validates bitcoin’s unique value proposition beyond price speculation:
-
Digital Scarcity as Strategic Depth: Bitcoin’s fixed supply of 21 million makes it the only digital asset with truly inelastic supply, a programmed scarcity immune to political whims or central bank printing.
This “scarcity imperative” acts as a natural antidote to global fiat debasement. As central banks expanded money supplies aggressively (Global M2), bitcoin’s price has shown strong correlation, acting as a pressure valve for inflation concerns. The quadrennial “halving” (latest: April 2024) mechanically reduces new supply, creating built-in supply shocks as adoption grows. * The Antifragile Security Feedback Loop: Bitcoin’s security isn’t static; it’s antifragile. The network strengthens through demand: * More users → More transactions → Higher fees → More miner revenue → More hashpower (computational security) → Greater network resilience → More user confidence.
This self-reinforcing cycle contrasts sharply with traditional systems, where security is a cost center (e.g., bank security budgets, military spending). Bitcoin turns security into a profitable, market-driven activity. * Institutionalization Without Centralization: While institutional ownership via ETFs (like BlackRock’s IBIT) and corporate treasuries (MicroStrategy, Metaplanet) has surged, supply remains highly decentralized.Individuals still hold the largest share of bitcoin, preventing a dangerous concentration of control. Spot Bitcoin ETFs alone are projected to see over $20 billion in net inflows in 2025, demonstrating robust institutional capital allocation.
The Bitcoin Community: Building the Digital Antler’s Resilience
Lowery’s “Softwar” theory underscores why bitcoin’s decentralized architecture is non-negotiable. Its strength lies in the alignment of incentives across three participant groups:
- Miners: Provide computational power (hashrate), validating transactions and securing the network. Incentivized by block rewards (newly minted BTC) and transaction fees. Their physical energy expenditure is the “muscle” behind the digital antler.
- Nodes: Independently verify and enforce the protocol rules, maintaining the blockchain’s integrity. Run by users, businesses, and enthusiasts globally. They ensure decentralized consensus, preventing unilateral protocol changes.
- Users: Individuals, institutions, and corporations holding, transacting, or building on bitcoin. Their demand drives transaction fees and fuels the security feedback loop.
This structure creates “Mutually Assured Preservation”. Attacking bitcoin requires overwhelming its global, distributed physical infrastructure (miners/nodes), a feat far more complex and costly than seizing a central bank’s gold vault or freezing a bank’s assets. It transforms financial security from a centralized liability into a decentralized, physically-grounded asset.
Risks & Responsibilities
Investors and policymakers must acknowledge persistent challenges:
- Volatility: Bitcoin remains volatile, though this has decreased as markets mature. Dollar-cost averaging (DCA) is widely recommended to mitigate timing risk.
- Regulatory Uncertainty: While U.S. policy is increasingly favorable, global coordination is lacking. The EU’s MiCAR regulation exemplifies divergent approaches.
- Security & Custody: While Bitcoin’s protocol is robust, user errors (lost keys) or exchange hacks remain risks.
- Environmental Debate: Proof-of-Work energy use is scrutinized, though mining increasingly uses stranded energy/renewables. Innovations continue.
Jason Lowery’s “Softwar” theory elevates bitcoin from a financial instrument to a socio-technological innovation on par with the invention of the corporation, the rule of law, or even the antler in evolutionary biology. It provides a coherent framework for understanding why:
- Nations like the U.S. are looking to establish bitcoin reserves and embracing stablecoins—they recognize bitcoin’s role in projecting economic power non-violently in the digital age.
- Institutional Investors are allocating billions via ETFs—they see a scarce, secure, uncorrelated asset with antifragile properties.
- Individuals in hyperinflationary economies or under authoritarian regimes use bitcoin—it offers self-sovereign wealth storage immune to seizure or debasement.
For the investor, bitcoin represents more than potential price appreciation. It offers exposure to a fundamental reorganization of how power and value are secured and exchanged globally, grounded not in abstract promises, but in the unyielding laws of physics and mathematics.
Like the brewers who balanced tradition with innovation to create something enduring and valuable, bitcoin pioneers are building the infrastructure for a more resilient digital future—one computationally secured block at a time. The “Softwar” is here, and it is reshaping the landscape of p
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 16:01:58
Bitcoin Magazine
Michael Saylor’s Strategy Announces Initial Public Offering of 2,500,000 STRD SharesToday, Strategy (Nasdaq: MSTR; STRK; STRF) has announced that it plans to conduct an initial public offering of 2,500,000 STRD shares of Strategy’s 10.00% Series A Perpetual Stride Preferred Stock.
JUST IN: Michael Saylor's Strategy announces Initial Public Offering of STRD stock to raise more money to buy #Bitcoin
pic.twitter.com/ow29eNaW89— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025
“Strategy intends to use the net proceeds from the offering for general corporate purposes, including the acquisition of bitcoin and for working capital,“ stated the company in the announcement.
The STRD Stock will offer non-cumulative cash dividends at an annual rate of 10 percent, paid quarterly in arrears on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year, beginning on September 30, 2025. If dividends are not declared, they will not accumulate, and Strategy says it is not required to make up for missed payments.
Strategy may be able to redeem all outstanding STRD shares if the total number falls below 25 percent of the original issuance or if certain tax events occur. In such cases, holders will receive the liquidation preference of $100 per share plus any declared and unpaid dividends.
The company stated, “if an event that constitutes a “fundamental change” under the certificate of designations governing the STRD Stock occurs, then, holders of the STRD Stock will have the right to require Strategy to repurchase some or all of their shares of STRD Stock at a cash repurchase price equal to the stated amount of the STRD Stock to be repurchased, plus declared and unpaid regular dividends, if any, that will have accrued to, but excluding the fundamental change repurchase date.”
Also today, Strategy (MSTR) acquired another 705 Bitcoin for about $75 million, further expanding its position as the largest corporate holder of Bitcoin as more public companies continue to adopt Bitcoin treasury strategies.
BREAKING:
STRATEGY BUYS ANOTHER 705 #BITCOIN FOR $75 MILLION pic.twitter.com/WBgKUcbbEP— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025
According to their SEC filing on June 2, they bought Bitcoin at an average price of $106,495 each between May 26 and June 1, bringing their total holdings to 580,955 BTC. The acquisition was funded by selling some of their preferred shares through an at-the-market (ATM) equity offering.
The company raised $74.6 million by selling a combination of its preferred stock classes, including 353,511 shares of STRK preferred stock for $36.2 million and 374,968 shares of STRF preferred stock for $38.4 million. With this purchase, Strategy’s average acquisition price across all its Bitcoin holdings stands at $70,023 per coin.
This post Michael Saylor’s Strategy Announces Initial Public Offering of 2,500,000 STRD Shares first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Oscar Zarraga Perez.
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 16:01:48
Bitcoin Magazine
The Blockchain Group Buys $69 Million Worth of BitcoinFrench tech firm completes acquisition of 624 BTC through €60.2 million capital raise and bond issuance. The company reports 1,097.6% BTC Yield year-to-date as European corporations to accelerate Bitcoin treasury adoption.
The Blockchain Group, Europe’s first Bitcoin Treasury Company, has acquired 624 Bitcoin for approximately €60.2 million ($69 million), marking a significant expansion of its Bitcoin holdings through a combination of equity sales and convertible bonds.
JUST IN:
Publicly traded The Blockchain Group buys 624 #Bitcoin for €60.2 million. Nothing stops this train
pic.twitter.com/Jvfvd13zsn— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 3, 2025
According to a press release issued June 3, the Euronext Growth Paris-listed company completed the purchase in two tranches: 80 BTC acquired for €7.7 million through a capital increase, and 544 BTC for €52.5 million via convertible bonds subscribed by Fulgur Ventures.
The acquisitions bring the company’s total Bitcoin holdings to 1,471 BTC, purchased at an average price of €89,687 ($103,000) per coin. The Group has achieved a “BTC Yield” – measuring the change in Bitcoin holdings relative to fully diluted shares – of 1,097.6% year-to-date.
The purchase was executed through Banque Delubac & Cie and Swissquote Bank Europe SA, with custody provided by Swiss infrastructure firm Taurus. The company indicated plans to acquire an additional 60 BTC through ongoing convertible bond issuances from UTXO Management and Moonlight Capital.
The Group’s latest acquisition was funded through a €8.6 million capital increase, with participation from investors including TOBAM Bitcoin Treasury Opportunities Fund and Quadrille Capital, alongside a €55.3 million convertible bond issuance to Fulgur Ventures.
The company reported a BTC Gain of 439 BTC year-to-date and a BTC € Gain of approximately €42.3 million, highlighting the growing trend of European corporations diversifying treasury assets into Bitcoin.
At press time, Bitcoin trades at €92,349 ($105,260), as institutional adoption continues to reshape corporate treasury management across Europe and globally.
This post The Blockchain Group Buys $69 Million Worth of Bitcoin first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Vivek Sen.
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 16:01:37
Bitcoin Magazine
SEC Commissioner Hester Peirce Speaks On Privacy And Permissionlessness At PubKeyYesterday, SEC Commissioner Hester Peirce sat down for a fireside chat with NYDIG founder Ross Stevens at New York City’s Bitcoin-themed bar PubKey.
The two traversed a number of topics during their discussion, including why it’s important that the world has a permissionless network and asset like Bitcoin as well as why transactional privacy should be a right for U.S. citizens.
Peirce didn’t mince words during the discussion, yet she also spoke with nuance and thoughtfulness as she responded to questions from not only Stevens but from members of the audience during a Q&A session, as well.
On Permissionlessness
Toward the onset of the talk, Peirce highlighted the fact that Bitcoin is a tool for freedom fighters as part of a broader theme of why it’s crucial that permissionless technology like Bitcoin exists.
She said that she often thinks about what it would have been like if someone like Harriet Tubman had had Bitcoin.
Stevens then posed a question about the risk of a situation in which a U.S. president issues an executive order that authorizes the government to confiscate U.S. citizens’ bitcoin, like the way Executive Order 6102 enabled the government to seize U.S. citizens’ gold in 1933.
Peirce admitted that “it’s still possible for an Executive Order like 6102 to happen in the U.S.,” and made the case that it’s up to us to remain vigilant so as not to permit something like this to happen again.
“To protect ourselves from something like Executive Order 6102, we must reaffirm the founding principles of America and hold the government accountable to those principles,” said the commissioner.
Stevens added that some of Bitcoin’s qualities, such as the ability to store one’s seed phrase in one’s mind, make it more resistant to seizure than gold and, therefore, a better freedom-preserving technology. (The topic of owning actual bitcoin, or holding one’s own bitcoin private keys, as a means of embracing the true nature of Bitcoin as a permissionless technology versus having bitcoin exposure via spot bitcoin ETFs or through custodians arose at many points in the discussion.)
Further along in the discussion, Peirce stressed the importance of the U.S. government continuing to view code as speech, a topic that Stevens brought up and has written extensively about.
“It’s important as regulators for us to treat code as speech,” began Peirce.
“Otherwise, developers would have to check their code with the government before publishing it,” she added, before also noting that developers having to do this could stifle and undermine their ability to publish open-source software.
On Privacy
Halfway through the talk, Stevens asked Peirce if Americans should be free to use crypto mixers.
Before directly commenting on the matter, Peirce spoke more broadly to the concept of financial privacy and that it seems to be of little concern to most U.S. citizens.
“It’s remarkable to me how little people care about financial privacy,” said Peirce. “It’s very personal how you spend your money — and we’ve ceded so much privacy.”
Regarding crypto mixers more specifically, Peirce stated that she believes Americans have a right to use such technology.
“There’s supposed to be a presumption of innocence in this country,” she said. “Technologies that allow you to do things on chain but also allow you to preserve privacy are really important.”
At the beginning of the Q&A portion of the event, Thomas Pacchia, the bar’s owner, highlighted the dangers of the Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) in that it mandates that users turn over significant amounts of personal data to financial institutions and asked what the odds were of one day seeing the act repealed.
Peirce agreed with Pacchia that there is great risk in financial institutions holding so much of their customers’ data but pointed out that the idea of repealing the BSA is a point of deep contention in Washington, D.C.
“Really bad things can happen if a centralized financial institution has a lot of information about you, but it’s such a third rail in D.C. to talk about the Bank Secrecy Act because of the fear that bad actors will rush in,” said Peirce.
Listening Intently
Peirce has stated a number of times, most recently at Bitcoin 2025, that she believes that the U.S. government works for the American people.
It’s clear that this isn’t just hot air or a talking point, as evidenced by how carefully she listens to the questions posed to her and how thoughtful her responses to said questions are.
For example, I asked Commissioner Peirce if there was any chance we might eventually see in-kind redemptions for the spot bitcoin ETFs for retail investors.
While she admitted that it’s “unlikely,” she offered me some space to make my case for why they’re important and concluded the exchange with me by stating that she’d “give it some more thought.”
She responded to Stevens and to each member of the audience who posed a question with the same type of care and consideration, which seemed to be appreciated as she broached topics as sensitive as having the legal right to hold one’s Bitcoin keys and to transact with bitcoin privately.
Peirce also seemed genuinely concerned about making sure that regulators don’t get in the way of Bitcoin and crypto fulfilling their promise as both freedom technology and an alternative to the traditional financial and monetary systems.
“I’m concerned that we’ll stunt growth if we do things the wrong way,” Peirce concluded, eliciting a warm round of applause from the Bitcoin enthusiasts in attendance.
This post SEC Commissioner Hester Peirce Speaks On Privacy And Permissionlessness At PubKey first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Frank Corva.
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@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-04 16:01:16
Bitcoin Magazine
Canadian Company SolarBank Adopts Bitcoin Treasury StrategyToday, SolarBank Corporation (NASDAQ: SUUN), a leader in distributed solar energy, battery storage, and clean energy infrastructure across North America, has announced the integration of Bitcoin as a strategic reserve asset into its corporate treasury strategy, following the footsteps of MicroStrategy and SharpLink Gaming.
SolarBank has also applied to open an institutional account with Coinbase Prime (NASDAQ: COIN), enabling secure Bitcoin custody, USDC services, and a self-custodial wallet for its Bitcoin holdings.
JUST IN: North American construction engineering company SolarBank adopts a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve
pic.twitter.com/b2xvVARjZZ— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 3, 2025
The company cited several strategic advantages for adopting Bitcoin as a reserve asset:
- Financial Resilience: Bitcoin holdings will serve as a hedge against inflation and currency debasement.
- Clean Energy Off-set: Emissions tied to Bitcoin mining will be counterbalanced by SolarBank’s renewable energy generation.
- Market Appeal: The move targets tech-savvy investors interested in digital assets, DeFi, and blockchain.
- Competitive Differentiation: SolarBank aims to differentiate itself as a first-mover in combining renewable energy with Web3 and DeFi principles.
“As the adoption of Bitcoin continues to grow, SolarBank believes that establishing a Bitcoin treasury strategy taps into a growing sector that is seeing increasing adoption,” commented Dr. Richard Lu. “In a world of ever-increasing energy demand and treasury complexity, SolarBank delivers renewable energy solutions and recurring revenues, now combined with all of the benefits of holding Bitcoin.”
SolarBank further emphasized that its core focus remains on renewable energy development, highlighting several recent achievements:
- A $100 million U.S. solar deal with CIM Group targeting 97 MW of projects.
- A $49.5 million agreement with Qcells to deploy US made solar technology.
- A $41 million partnership with Honeywell to develop landfill-based solar farms.
- A $25 million credit facility from RBC to expand its battery energy storage portfolio.
With over 1 GW of projects in development and partnerships with Fortune 500 companies, SolarBank continues to generate recurring revenues through long-term contracts while accelerating decarbonization efforts.
“The actual timing and value of Bitcoin purchases, under the allocation strategy will be determined by management,” stated the company in the press release. “Purchases will also depend on several factors, including, among others, general market and business conditions, the trading price of Bitcoin and the anticipated cash needs of SolarBank. The allocation strategy may be suspended, discontinued or modified at any time for any reason. As of the date of this press release, no Bitcoin purchases have been made.”
This post Canadian Company SolarBank Adopts Bitcoin Treasury Strategy first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Oscar Zarraga Perez.
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@ a3c6f928:d45494fb
2025-06-04 15:57:36
Perfectionism wears many disguises—high standards, ambition, responsibility—but at its core, it’s a fear of not being enough. It convinces us that worth is earned by flawless performance, constant output, and meeting every expectation. But perfection is a prison, and real freedom begins when we choose progress over pressure.
The Weight of Perfection
Perfectionism doesn't protect us—it paralyzes us. It:
Delays action out of fear of mistakes
Fuels anxiety, self-criticism, and burnout
Makes success feel fleeting, because nothing ever feels "good enough"
Creates a cycle of comparison and shame
Why We Chase Perfect
Many of us were taught that being excellent = being lovable. So we equate flaws with failure. But chasing perfect is like running a race with no finish line—you’re never allowed to rest, celebrate, or simply be.
Signs You’re Caught in the Trap
You procrastinate because you’re afraid to do it “wrong”
You obsess over details at the expense of joy or time
You struggle to feel proud—even when you achieve something
You avoid trying new things unless you’re sure you’ll succeed
Breaking Free from the Illusion
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Redefine Success: Replace “perfect” with “done is better than perfect.” Focus on growth.
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Celebrate Small Wins: Let progress be enough. Every step forward counts.
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Welcome Mistakes: They are proof you’re learning, growing, and showing up.
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Be Gentle with Yourself: Speak to yourself like someone you love.
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Let Real Be Enough: Authenticity is far more powerful than polish.
Why It Matters
Perfectionism may look like strength, but vulnerability is where our real power lies. When we let go of needing to be perfect, we finally become free to be real—to take risks, make art, love fully, and live without constant self-editing.
“You don't have to be perfect to be worthy. You just have to be you.”
Choose progress. Show up imperfectly. That’s where freedom lives.
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@ 7460b7fd:4fc4e74b
2025-06-04 12:18:52
TRX 从 $0.12 涨至 $1.00 对 Tron 网络资源与用户行为的系统性影响
当前 TRX 价格约 $0.12，若其涨至 $1.00，Tron 网络的资源模型（能量 Energy 和带宽 Bandwidth）、用户手续费感知、质押行为以及市场流通供应都将发生深刻变化。下面将基于博弈论逻辑、链上资源参数和用户行为建模进行分析，并通过图表和数据展示各变量的联动关系。
Tron 网络资源模型与手续费机制概览
Tron 采用独特的资源模型：交易消耗带宽点数（BP）和能量（Energy）而非直接收取传统手续费。每个账户每天可免费获得一定的带宽点数（例如约 600 点）用于普通交易help.tokenpocket.pro；但能量没有每日免费的分配help.tokenpocket.pro。发送 TRX 等普通转账主要消耗带宽，而执行 TRC20 智能合约（如转账 USDT）则需要能量。用户可以通过冻结（质押） TRX 来获取这两种资源的配额，以支付交易所需的资源费用exodus.comexodus.com。具体而言：
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带宽（Bandwidth）：用于衡量交易字节大小的资源。账户每天有少量免费带宽（历史上约 5000 点，后调整至 1500，再至 600 点左右）trondao.medium.comhelp.tokenpocket.pro。若带宽不足，系统将按每字节 1000 sun（0.001 TRX）的价格烧毁 TRX 获取带宽cryptoapis.io。
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能量（Energy）：用于衡量智能合约执行的计算资源，没有每日免费额度，只能通过冻结 TRX 获得trondao.medium.comhelp.tokenpocket.pro。当能量不足时，系统按每单位能量 280 sun（即 0.00028 TRX）的单价烧毁 TRX 作为费用cryptoapis.io。每笔 TRC20 代币交易会消耗一定能量，例如转账 USDT 大约需要数万能量。
冻结 TRX 后，用户按其冻结量占全网总冻结量的比例共享固定总量的带宽和能量每日配额。例如，全网每日总能量供应固定约 50,000,000,000 单位，用户冻结 TRX 获得的能量 = (个人冻结量 / 全网冻结总量) * 50,000,000,000trondao.medium.comtrondao.medium.com。这意味着当更多人冻结 TRX 时，每单位 TRX 获得的能量将递减，但冻结总量上升会提高全网总可用能量。冻结的 TRX 最少锁定3天，冻结期间不可流通或交易trondao.medium.com。作为激励，冻结 TRX 可用于投票超级代表（SR）以获得约 4% 年化的 Staking 收益crypto.news。
手续费支付方式 – 冻结 vs 燃烧： 当用户有足够的能量和带宽时，交易将优先消耗这些资源，不直接扣除 TRX 手续费help.tokenpocket.pro。若资源不足，则需要燃烧一定数量的 TRX 来补足差额exodus.com。例如：
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普通 TRX 转账：消耗约 268 字节带宽，无需能量，通常可用每日免费带宽覆盖，大多数情况下用户无需支付 TRX 手续费help.tokenpocket.pro。
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TRC20-USDT 转账：若发送方和接收方账户有足够资源，则耗能量和带宽，不烧 TRX；否则将燃烧 TRX 作为手续费help.tokenpocket.pro。据统计，在资源不足时，一笔 USDT 转账约需燃烧 13.74 TRX（接收方已有该代币时）或 27.6 TRX（接收方首次接收该代币时，需要创建资产映射）help.tokenpocket.pro。以当前价 $0.12 计，相当于 $1.61 – $3.22 的费用。可见，冻结 TRX 获得能量后，几乎可使手续费降为零，仅消耗资源而不烧币help.tokenpocket.pro。
上述模型奠定了用户行为的基础：老用户往往习惯冻结 TRX 以获取免费资源，新用户若未冻结则需要持有并燃烧 TRX 支付手续费。当 TRX 价格显著上升时，这种差异和资源机制将引发一系列连锁反应。
老用户 vs 新用户：质押习惯与手续费敏感度
老用户（资深 Tron 用户）通常早已适应了 Tron 的资源机制，倾向于冻结一定量的 TRX 来保障日常交易的能量和带宽需求。这些用户往往持有大量 TRX，并享受冻结带来的免费交易和Staking 收益。对于老用户而言，哪怕 TRX 价格上涨，其主观感受到的手续费成本仍较低，因为他们多数交易并不直接烧币支付TRX。他们的行为特征是：
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预见性冻结：会根据网络状况和自身交易频率，提前增加冻结量以确保足够资源。价格上涨时，老用户可能追加冻结更多 TRX（即使这部分 TRX 价值升高），因为相较于高昂的潜在手续费，他们更看重保证链上操作的低成本。
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收益驱动：老用户也关注冻结带来的投票奖励收益。例如当前 Tron 质押年化约4.5%crypto.news。随着价格上涨，他们持币市值增加，继续冻结还能坐享收益，进一步增强了冻结意愿。
新用户则大多缺乏上述经验，进入 Tron 网络时往往没有冻结 TRX。许多新用户使用 Tron 是因为听闻其转账 USDT 手续费低廉，但他们可能只持有极少量 TRX 来支付手续费，甚至一开始没有TRX（需先获取一些 TRX 才能进行转账）help.tokenpocket.pro。新用户的行为和感知具有不同特点：
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手续费敏感：新用户对显性的美元计价手续费非常敏感。他们初期未质押，因此每笔交易都真实消耗 TRX。在 TRX 价格较低时，这笔费用很小（几美分到一两美元），他们可能忽略不计；但当价格上涨导致每笔交易成本攀升，新用户会明显感觉“不再那么便宜”，从而开始寻求对策。
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反应滞后：与老用户主动冻结不同，新用户往往在几次交易被收取较高手续费后，才会被动学习到通过冻结 TRX 可降低费用这一机制。一些钱包和社区教程也会引导新用户质押或租赁能量来节约成本help.tokenpocket.prohelp.tokenpocket.pro。
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冻结意愿取决于成本临界点：新用户往往有一个心理阈值——当单笔手续费上涨到比如几美元甚至两位数美元时，他们才觉得“不划算，需要质押”。在 TRX 价格低迷时期，这个阈值可能从未被触及，但随着 TRX 攀升，新用户群体中会出现集中式的质押行为转变，一旦手续费达到“显著”水平，他们会成批地开始冻结 TRX。
综上，老用户在价格上升初期已提前布局资源，对手续费上涨免疫，新用户则可能在价格上涨过程中逐渐被培养成新的质押者。这种差异将在不同价格阶段体现为质押率和交易成本感受的变化，并直接影响 TRX 的流通盘和市场供需。
TRX 价格阶段与手续费成本变化
随着 TRX 价格从 $0.12 上涨至更高价位，用户实际支付的手续费成本（美元计）会线性上升。在资源消耗（以 TRX 计）大致不变的情况下，TRX 越昂贵，每笔交易烧毁的 TRX 转换为法币就越高。下表总结了不同价位下，一次 TRC20-USDT 转账的近似成本（未冻结资源时）：
| TRX价格 | USDT转账手续费（接收地址已激活） | 手续费美元价（约） | USDT转账手续费（新地址） | 手续费美元价（约） | | ----- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------- | | $0.12 | 13.74 TRXhelp.tokenpocket.pro | \~$1.65 | 27.6 TRXhelp.tokenpocket.pro | \~$3.30 | | $0.30 | 13.74 TRX | \~$4.12 | 27.6 TRX | \~$8.28 | | $0.50 | 13.74 TRX | \~$6.87 | 27.6 TRX | \~$13.80 | | $1.00 | 13.74 TRX | \~$13.74 | 27.6 TRX | \~$27.60 |
注：13.74 TRX 是指向已持有USDT的地址转账的典型能量消耗费用；27.6 TRX 则包括了向新地址转账（需创建账户）的额外成本。help.tokenpocket.pro上述美元价仅为近似，实际能量消耗会随网络拥堵程度浮动。
图：TRX 价格上涨对未质押用户的单笔 USDT 转账费用（美元计）的影响。费用基本随 TRX 价格线性上升，在接收方无 USDT 资产时费用更高。help.tokenpocket.probinance.com
从图中可以直观地看到，当 TRX 从 $0.12 涨至 $0.30 时，每笔 USDT 转账费从 \~$1.6 增至 \~$4-8 美元；涨至 $0.50 时，费用进一步涨至接近两位数美元；而在 $1.00 时，不冻结资源直接转账的费用范围高达 \~$14-$28，已经远超“廉价”的范畴。这种手续费攀升将直接改变用户行为：
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对于未冻结 TRX 的用户，高昂的美元手续费将迫使他们重新评估 Tron 网络的使用成本。当一次简单转账可能花费 \~$10，美金计价下已接近以太坊主网曾经的费用水平，Tron “廉价网络”的优势将被削弱。许多个人用户会被强烈激励去冻结一定数量的 TRX，以换取能量来豁免后续交易手续费help.tokenpocket.pro。一些服务商和交易所也可能选择代用户冻结大量 TRX，以降低批量交易成本。
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部分小额或低频用户可能被高费用劝退，转而选择其它Layer1网络或二层方案。然而，由于 Tron 网络在稳定币领域的巨大体量（截至 2025 年4月，Tron 上流通的 USDT 超过 $700 亿cryptoslate.com，每日 USDT 转账额约 $190 亿cryptoslate.com），短期内用户更可能留在 Tron 生态并通过质押来适应变化，而不会轻易放弃这一主流稳定币链。
与此同时，已冻结资源的用户几乎不受价格上涨的手续费影响。无论 TRX 价格多高，他们每笔交易依然只需消耗带宽和能量（这些资源本身不是直接按美元计价），额外的 TRX 燃烧为零help.tokenpocket.pro。唯一的“成本”是冻结 TRX 带来的流动性损失和机会成本。但在牛市氛围下，持有 TRX 本就是盈利的，加之还有质押收益，相比之下冻结的机会成本很低。因此，随着价格上升，冻结获取资源的方案相对更有利可图，用户群体从“不冻结”向“冻结”迁移将加速。
手续费阈值与用户质押的正反馈闭环
考虑上述趋势，我们可以识别出一个潜在的“手续费显著点”或阈值：当单笔交易手续费达到足以引起用户强烈关注的水平时，大量用户将改变策略开始冻结 TRX。这一阈值在不同用户心中略有差异，但可以是假设在几美元左右（例如 $5）。博弈论视角下，这是一个集体行为转折点：之前，个体最佳响应可能是不冻结、承担小额费用；一旦超过阈值，个体最佳响应切换为冻结 TRX 来避免高额费用。这个策略转变会引发一系列连锁反应，形成正反馈循环：
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价格上涨 → 手续费攀升：随着 TRX 价格上扬，非质押用户每笔交易燃烧的 TRX 价值水涨船高。当费用升至阈值以上，大部分用户开始重视成本问题。
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成本感知 → 用户大量质押：面对显著上涨的费用，大量原本未质押的用户开始冻结 TRX 以获取能量，避免继续支付高额手续费help.tokenpocket.prohelp.tokenpocket.pro。特别是新进入用户，在感受到手续费压力后，更倾向于立即质押以降低开销。老用户则可能加大质押以获取更多免费资源。
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质押增加 → 流通盘收紧：当大量 TRX 被冻结（锁定）后，流通中的可交易 TRX 供应量下降。这些新冻结的 TRX 至少锁定3天，很多用户会选择长期质押获取收益，使得市场上即时可售卖的筹码变少。同时，部分用户未及时质押的，仍在持续燃烧 TRX 付费，也在永久性地减少总供应（Tron 网络目前每日燃烧量已经高于发行量，使TRX呈现净通缩趋势crypto.newsreddit.com）。
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供应减少 → 价格进一步上涨：流通盘收紧后，在需求旺盛（尤其是牛市资金追逐和 Tron 网络高使用量不减）的情况下，TRX 的价格往往进一步上涨。这是经典的供需效应：供给减少，价格上行压力增大。更重要的是，价格上升又会反过来强化用户对手续费的敏感度，使得更多边际用户加入冻结行列，进一步削减流通供应——正反馈循环就此形成。
这一系列过程可以形成一个“价格上涨 → 成本上升 → 质押增加 → 流通减少 → 再次推高价格”的循环闭环reddit.com。市场上的做市商和鲸鱼投资者可能会利用或放大这一动态：当他们观察到手续费成本逼近用户阈值、质押率开始上升时，可能主动推动 TRX 价格突破关键点，从而触发更多散户用户质押，加剧流通盘收缩。这给了大户更好的条件进一步拉升价格，因为市面上流动的卖盘更少，稍大买单就能推动价格上涨。可以说，Tron 网络机制下的用户集体质押行为，使价格上涨具备自我强化的“弹簧”效应：拉一下就紧一点，形成正向循环。
需要注意的是，也存在减缓机制：随着全网冻结的 TRX 增加，每单位 TRX 可分得的能量下降，某种程度上要求用户冻结更多的 TRX才能完全覆盖同样的交易频率developers.tron.networkdevelopers.tron.network。这意味着质押率提升到一定程度后，额外用户再质押所获得的边际效用减少，正反馈的效力可能会逐步减弱。此外，如果手续费过高，一些用户可能降低交易频率或寻找替代方案。不过，在迈向 $1.00 的阶段内，Tron 作为稳定币主链的地位和用户黏性意味着大多数用户会选择适应而非离开，这使得上述正反馈有机会充分演绎。
图：TRX 价格上涨过程中质押率（冻结占总供给比例）的理论变化示意。价格越高，因手续费驱动的质押率越大，流通盘越紧（此图假设从约20%升至50%的冻结率，仅作说明）。实际过程中质押率上升具有滞后性和渐进特征。
新用户涌入与合力放大效应
在价格上涨的初期阶段，新用户的涌入对上述循环起到推波助澜的作用。牛市中，随着 TRX 价格突破历史水平并表现强势，越来越多的新参与者会被吸引到 Tron 生态。这些新用户往往抱着逐利和追涨的心理进入市场：
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追涨入场：新用户看到 TRX 大涨，担心“踏空”，会倾向于迅速买入 TRX。这直接形成买盘，推高价格，也增加了潜在需要冻结的 TRX 持有者基数。
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边用边买：很多新人是因为 Tron 上 USDT 等稳定币转账便宜快捷而入场。当 TRX 价格上涨、媒体报道 Tron 活跃时，他们更愿意选择 Tron 网络进行跨所转账、链上交易等，从而进一步推高 Tron 网络的交易活跃度和费用收入crypto.newscrypto.news。
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从众质押：当新用户进来后，老用户或钱包方往往会教育他们质押省钱。再加上他们亲身经历几次昂贵手续费后，往往很快接受这一理念。这些新用户一开始可能并未计划长期持有 TRX，但为了降低使用成本，他们反而开始冻结所购的 TRX。很多新用户甚至会超额冻结（冻结比自己短期所需更多的量），因为他们发现质押还有收益且3天锁定并不长。这相当于把原本可能成为抛压的一部分新增筹码也锁住了。
新资金+新质押形成的合力，会放大价格-质押正反馈循环的力度。与仅老用户参与相比，新用户带来了额外的需求和锁仓动力，使流通供应收缩更剧烈。换句话说，本轮行情中新增的参与者并没有全部将 TRX 投入市场流通，反而有相当比例被“冻结”起来，减少了即时可售卖的代币数量。这种现象加速了市场从“供过于求”向“供不应求”的转换。
博弈论角度看，新用户的行为受老用户和市场信号影响，呈现**“从众效应”：当大家都在说“手续费贵了赶紧质押”“质押后几乎不要钱”时，个人跟随策略是有利的。这种群体策略迅速一致化的趋势，使得市场进入某种短期均衡**：大部分活跃用户都质押，剩余在外流通的更多是交易所库存、投机者筹码。一旦达到此均衡点，TRX 价格在流动性受限的情况下可能出现较为剧烈的波动，进一步吸引外围资金关注。然而，只要 Tron 网络的基础需求（如稳定币交易）坚挺，这种供应紧缩的状况就持续对价格形成支撑。
总结：联动效应与趋势展望
综合以上分析，TRX 价格从 $0.12 涨向 $1.00 将引发链上资源、用户行为和市场供需的一系列联动变化：
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手续费上涨迫使用户行动：价格翻数倍后，不质押的用户手续费开销飙升数倍binance.com。用户从被动付费转向积极质押以获取“免费”能量，Tron 网络的质押率水涨船高。
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质押率提高缩减流通供应：大量 TRX 冻结锁定，使流通盘迅速收紧crypto.news。同时，一些未质押部分在高费用下被直接燃烧，进一步造成 TRX 通缩reddit.com。供给减少对价格形成正向推动。
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正反馈循环加剧波动：价格越涨→质押越多→流通越少→价格越容易再涨。这个正反馈闭环可能被市场力量（包括大户的刻意推动）所强化，在行情中后期表现尤为明显。
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新参与者放大合力：新用户在牛市初期蜂拥而入，既贡献了需求又通过质押“锁仓”，反而减轻了抛压，起到了助涨而非砸盘的作用，放大了整体合力。
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博弈均衡与风险：最终，大多数活跃用户选择质押是理性策略，但也意味短期内市场流动性下降。若某时刻大量质押的筹码解冻出货，或外部需求下降，这一循环可能逆转。因此，各方参与者都在博弈对方的动作：用户希望提前质押锁定低成本，市场庄家则利用高质押率营造供应稀缺推高价格，同时也警惕何时会有解冻卖出的潮涌。
从 Tron 网络的发展看，价格与网络资源、用户行为间的动态关系体现了典型的自适应反馈机制。Tron 作为目前主力稳定币传输链，其成本和性能直接影响用户留存与行为。当 TRX 价格步入高位区间，Tron 或许也会调整参数（如增加总能量供给或优化手续费机制）来平衡用户体验和代币经济模型。不过，在涨向 $1.00 的过程中，上述正反馈循环很可能成为推动力量之一。投资者和参与者应密切关注质押率、手续费水平等链上指标的变化——它们既是价格行情的结果，也是后续走势的原因。在理想状态下，这种“价格上涨-资源质押-流通收缩”的合循环能够稳步推升 Tron 生态价值；但如果过度强化，也需防范因流动性不足导致的剧烈波动风险。总体而言，TRX 价格上涨对 Tron 网络的影响是全方位的：手续费机制使用户行为发生系统性改变，而用户集体行为的改变反过来塑造了市场供求格局，值得持续深入监测和研究。crypto.newscryptoslate.com
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 15:02:07
Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.
- RoboSats v0.7.7-alpha is now available!
NOTE: "This version of clients is not compatible with older versions of coordinators. Coordinators must upgrade first, make sure you don't upgrade your client while this is marked as pre-release."
- This version brings a new and improved coordinators view with reviews signed both by the robot and the coordinator, adds market price sources in coordinator profiles, shows a correct warning for canceling non-taken orders after a payment attempt, adds Uzbek sum currency, and includes package library updates for coordinators.
Source: RoboSats.
- siggy47 is writing daily RoboSats activity reviews on stacker.news. Check them out here.
- Stay up-to-date with RoboSats on Nostr.
What's new
- New coordinators view (see the picture above).
- Available coordinator reviews signed by both the robot and the coordinator.
- Coordinators now display market price sources in their profiles.
Source: RoboSats.
- Fix for wrong message on cancel button when taking an order. Users are now warned if they try to cancel a non taken order after a payment attempt.
- Uzbek sum currency now available.
- For coordinators: library updates.
- Add docker frontend (#1861).
- Add order review token (#1869).
- Add UZS migration (#1875).
- Fixed tests review (#1878).
- Nostr pubkey for Robot (#1887).
New contributors
Full Changelog: v0.7.6-alpha...v0.7.7-alpha
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@ 0861144c:e68a1caf
2025-06-04 13:54:37
The last Empire: the Final Days of the Soviet Union
Serhii Plokhy clearly writes from a Ukrainian perspective, but at no point does he allow his bias to interfere with an extensive and compelling documentation, filled with transcripts and official documents from both the Soviet and American sides—documents involving actors who transitioned from the final days of the Soviet Union to the formation of the new Russian Federation.
I discovered this book through a Lex Fridman podcast, where the author gives a review of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, explaining in rich detail the events experienced between both nations. I won’t say that what’s happening in this region is easy to understand, and yet, after reading this book, I have no doubt that all of this was foreseeable.
Here are some things I’ve learned from the book—without giving away spoilers or going too deep:
The United States opposed the disintegration of the Soviet Union until the very last hours
Contrary to popular belief and Reagan’s lofty slogans about the Evil Empire, the advisers of President George H. W. Bush—except for Dick Cheney and his inner circle—were against the dissolution and extinction of the Soviet Union. There were two simple reasons: nuclear power and nationalism.
Over the years, the USSR produced tons of nuclear arsenal, and if the country were to dissolve, advisers on both sides predicted a “nuclear Yugoslavia,” referring to the imminent conflicts in that region. The other reason was strategic: it’s easier to deal with one large country than with many separate republics sharing similar ethnic backgrounds. After reading this book, the Balkan Wars seem even more closely tied to the consequences of the Soviet breakup. You’ll draw your own conclusions when you read it.
The Cold War is in pause mode
In some movie I once heard the phrase, The war doesn’t end until both sides declare it over; while it’s true that Gorbachev resigned on December 25 and made way for the Russian Federation, he never officially ended the geopolitical maneuvers. Meanwhile, George Bush gave a speech declaring that they had “won the Cold War.”
Anyway. Have you read anything similar to this?
https://stacker.news/items/997003
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@ eb0157af:77ab6c55
2025-06-04 15:01:57
A new investment vehicle combines exposure to Bitcoin with downside protection based on the price of gold.
On May 29, Cantor Fitzgerald Asset Management announced the launch of an investment product that merges direct exposure to Bitcoin with a bearish hedge linked to gold.
According to the financial institution, the new fund offers a solution for investors seeking to benefit from the growth potential of the leading cryptocurrency while maintaining a safety net tied to the precious metal.
Fund features
The fund is structured with a five-year term and no cap on potential upside, allowing investors to fully capture Bitcoin’s growth. The “1-to-1” protection mechanism means that any losses on Bitcoin would be offset by corresponding gains from gold.
Brandon Lutnick, Chairman of Cantor and son of former CEO Howard Lutnick (now Commerce Secretary in the Trump administration), called the product “a truly revolutionary investment vehicle” that helps investors access Bitcoin’s potential while providing downside protection. “There are still people on the Earth that are still scared of Bitcoin, and we want to bring them into this ecosystem,” Lutnick added.
The fund marks Cantor Fitzgerald’s first BTC-focused investment product. The firm, with 79 years of history and $14.8 billion in assets under management, is making its first significant move into the Bitcoin market.
The announcement follows the closing of its first round of financing agreements with Maple Finance and FalconX. Through its “Bitcoin Financing Business” division, Cantor plans to initially make up to $2 billion in financing available to institutional clients.
The post Cantor Fitzgerald launches Bitcoin fund with gold hedge appeared first on Atlas21.
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@ b1ddb4d7:471244e7
2025-06-04 11:01:29
Bitcoin FilmFest (BFF25) returns to Warsaw for its third edition, blending independent cinema—from feature films and commercials to AI-driven experimental visuals—with education and entertainment.
Hundreds of attendees from around the world will gather for three days of screenings, discussions, workshops, and networking at the iconic Kinoteka Cinema (PKiN), the same venue that hosted the festival’s first two editions in March 2023 and April 2024.
This year’s festival, themed “Beyond the Frame,” introduces new dimensions to its program, including an extra day on May 22 to celebrate Bitcoin Pizza Day, the first real-world bitcoin transaction, with what promises to be one of Europe’s largest commemorations of this milestone.
BFF25 bridges independent film, culture, and technology, with a bold focus on decentralized storytelling and creative expression. As a community-driven cultural experience with a slightly rebellious spirit, Bitcoin FilmFest goes beyond movies, yet cinema remains at its heart.
Here’s a sneak peek at the lineup, specially curated for movie buffs:
Generative Cinema – A special slot with exclusive shorts and a thematic debate on the intersection of AI and filmmaking. Featured titles include, for example: BREAK FREE, SATOSHI: THE CREATION OF BITCOIN, STRANGE CURRENCIES, and BITCOIN IS THE MYCELIUM OF MONEY, exploring financial independence, traps of the fiat system, and a better future built on sound money.
Upcoming Productions Preview – A bit over an hour-long block of unreleased pilots and works-in-progress. Attendees will get exclusive first looks at projects like FINDING HOME (a travel-meets-personal-journey series), PARALLEL SPACES (a story about alternative communities), and THE LEGEND OF LANDI (a mysterious narrative).
Freedom-Focused Ads & Campaigns – Unique screenings of video commercials, animations, and visual projects, culminating in “The PoWies” (Proof of Work-ies)—the first ever awards show honoring the best Bitcoin-only awareness campaigns.To get an idea of what might come up at the event, here, you can preview 6 selected ads combined into two 2 videos:
Open Pitch Competition – A chance for filmmakers to present fresh ideas and unfinished projects to an audience of a dedicated jury, movie fans and potential collaborators. This competitive block isn’t just entertaining—it’s a real opportunity for creators to secure funding and partnerships.
Golden Rabbit Awards: A lively gala honoring films from the festival’s Official Selection, with awards in categories like Best Feature, Best Story, Best Short, and Audience Choice.BFF25 Main Screenings
Sample titles from BFF25’s Official Selection:
REVOLUCIÓN BITCOIN – A documentary by Juan Pablo, making its first screening outside the Spanish-speaking world in Warsaw this May. Three years of important work, 80 powerful minutes to experience. The film explores Bitcoin’s impact across Argentina, Colombia, Mexico, El Salvador, and Spain through around 40 diverse perspectives. Screening in Spanish with English subtitles, followed by a Q&A with the director. UNBANKABLE – Luke Willms’ directorial debut, drawing from his multicultural roots and his father’s pioneering HIV/AIDS research. An investigative documentary based on Luke’s journeys through seven African countries, diving into financial experiments and innovations—from mobile money and digital lending to Bitcoin—raising smart questions and offering potential lessons for the West. Its May appearance at BFF25 marks its largest European event to date, following festival screenings and nominations across multiple continents over the past year. HOTEL BITCOIN – A Spanish comedy directed by Manuel Sanabria and Carlos “Pocho” Villaverde. Four friends, 4,000 bitcoins , and one laptop spark a chaotic adventure of parties, love, crime, and a dash of madness. Exploring sound money, value, and relationships through a twisting plot. The film premiered at the Tarazona and Moncayo Comedy Film Festival in August 2024. Its Warsaw screening at BFF25 (in Spanish with English subtitles) marks its first public showing outside the Spanish-speaking world.Check out trailers for this year’s BFF25 and past editions on YouTube.
Tickets & Info:
- Detailed program and tickets are available at bitcoinfilmfest.com/bff25.
- Stay updated via the festival’s official channels (links provided on the website).
- Use ‘LN-NEWS’ to get 10% of tickets
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@ 7460b7fd:4fc4e74b
2025-06-04 12:17:18
Tron（TRX）区块链架构与性能综合分析
Tron 的三层架构与虚拟机设计
*Tron 区块链采用三层架构：存储层、核心层、应用层developers.tron.networkcointelegraph.com。*存储层包含区块存储和状态存储，并引入图数据库理念以满足多样化数据存储需求developers.tron.network。核心层实现共识（基于改进的 委托权益证明 DPoS）、账户管理和智能合约等模块developers.tron.network。Tron 虚拟机（TVM）位于核心层，用于执行智能合约代码。Tron 最初指定 Java 语言 用于智能合约开发，并规划支持其它高级语言developers.tron.network。这一设计取舍体现了团队对 Java 生态和性能的偏好：Tron **节点实现（java-tron）**采用 Java 开发，使虚拟机与链上逻辑高度兼容 Java 环境。此外，TVM 与 Ethereum EVM 高度兼容，方便以太坊DApp迁移，但在细节上有所不同medium.commedium.com。例如，TVM 使用能量（Energy）而非 Gas，
energyPrice为全网固定参数（目前210 SUN，即0.00021 TRX）medium.com；大多数指令的能耗与以太坊相同，但部分操作成本更低（如合约存储读取SLOAD等）medium.com。Tron 地址体系也不同：通过CREATE2创建合约时使用0x41前缀（Tron 地址Hex前缀），确保与以太坊地址格式区别medium.com。总的来说，Tron 架构在继承主流区块链设计的基础上，用 Java 实现了一套高性能的三层架构，为 DApp 提供了良好的开发和运行环境developers.tron.networkcointelegraph.com。吞吐性能与资源模型：带宽与能量机制
Tron 在性能上追求高吞吐和低延迟。共识方面，Tron 采用 **27个超级代表（SR）**轮流产块的机制，每隔3秒出块reflexivityresearch.com。得益于DPoS和小规模节点，Tron 单链理论TPS可达约2,000～2,500cointelegraph.comchainspect.app。实际网络中Tron尚未达到饱和：截至2025年中旬，每日交易量稳定在 800万笔以上（峰值逾1000万），平均约 90～120 TPSbinance.combinance.com。相比之下，以太坊当前主网TPS约15笔（日均140万交易）cointelegraph.com。Tron链上尚无明显拥堵，表明其吞吐冗余较充足。
Tron 引入了独特的资源模型，将交易执行成本分解为“带宽点数”（Bandwidth）和“能量”（Energy）两类developers.tron.network。带宽代表交易数据的大小，每字节消耗1点带宽developers.tron.network；能量代表合约执行的算力和存储消耗，每执行一步EVM指令消耗相应能量developers.tron.network。Tron 每个账户每天有 5000点免费带宽 配额developers.tron.network用于普通转账；当免费额不足时，可以通过“冻结”TRX获取资源或直接消耗少量TRX燃烧获得developers.tron.networkdevelopers.tron.network。例如，一个约200字节的普通转账消耗200带宽点，如账户无冻结资源且免费额度用尽，则需烧毁约 每字节10 SUN（即0.00001 TRX）的费用developers.tron.network——换算下来一次转账成本仅约 0.001～0.01美元（远低于以太坊动辄数美元的Gas费）。对于智能合约交易，则既消耗带宽又消耗能量developers.tron.network。开发者或用户可冻结 TRX 获取能量，按其冻结占比分享全网每日约500亿能量的恢复额度developers.tron.networkdevelopers.tron.network。冻结的能量会随时间自动恢复（24小时恢复满）developers.tron.networkdevelopers.tron.network。如果调用合约时能量不足，系统会按当前能量价格从用户扣除等值 TRX 燃烧medium.com。
Tron 资源模型对用户和开发者影响显著：一般用户日常转账几乎免费（每天免费额度足够覆盖小额频度交易），即使进行 TRC20 代币（如 USDT）转账，只要账户持有一定冻结的 TRX，其能量和带宽消耗也可被抵扣为零成本cointelegraph.com。如果用户没有任何冻结资源，转账 USDT 约需消耗十余枚 TRXmedium.com；但实际约六成以上的能量消耗是通过用户预先冻结TRX来覆盖的medium.com。此外，Tron 允许智能合约开发者为调用者代付部分能量：开发者可设置自己承担例如90%的能量费用developers.tron.networkdevelopers.tron.network。这意味着在 Tron 上，DApp 开发者可以冻结足够TRX资源，使用户调用其合约时无需支付能量费（类似Gas代付），提升应用可用性developers.tron.networkdevelopers.tron.network。资源模型的另一便利是 资源委托：账户A可以为账户B冻结TRX来提供带宽或能量developers.tron.network。综合来看，Tron 的带宽/能量双资源机制避免了直接以代币计价的浮动手续费，为用户提供了**“零Gas”**的体验，同时激励TRX持有者参与质押获取资源alphanode.globalalphanode.global。这种设计在牛市高拥堵场景下依然能保持交易成本稳定，有利于大规模应用。Tron 官方统计显示，截至2024年底网络平均每笔交易费用低至 $0.000005 美元cointelegraph.com，几乎可以忽略不计。
Tron 与主流公链的架构和开发体验对比
Tron 的系统架构与开发体验在不同维度上可与 Ethereum、Solana、Avalanche、BNB Chain 等主流公链进行横向比较。下表总结了几项关键对比：
| 属性 | Tron (TRX) | Ethereum | Solana | Avalanche (C链) | BNB Chain (BSC) | | ------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | | 共识机制 & 节点 | DPoS (27个超级代表，其他为见证节点)reflexivityresearch.com；3秒出块 | PoS (质押验证人 50万+，随机出块)；12秒出块，最终确认约612分钟 | PoH+PoS (领导者序列+验证人约2000)chainspect.app；0.4秒出块，终局约10-15秒 | Avalanche共识 (验证人上千)；\~1-2秒出块，\~1秒终局chainspect.app | PoSA ( 权威证明，21活跃验证者)；\~3秒出块，快速终局 (几秒内)chainspect.app | | 架构设计 | 三层架构(存储/核心/应用)cointelegraph.com；单链+侧链BTTC扩展 | 单层主链+即将通过分片\&Rollup扩展；EVM执行环境 | 单链高度并行运行时（Sealevel）；账户模型并行合约执行 | 主网三链架构(X链UTXO/P链治理/C链EVM)；支持子网扩展 | 类以太坊单链架构；EVM执行环境，依赖以太坊工具链 | | 智能合约平台 | TVM（Ethereum VM 兼容，有能量机制改进）medium.com；支持 Solidity 等 | EVM（广泛支持Solidity、Vyper等）；强生态工具 | BPF虚拟机（Rust/C/C++开发，需重新编译）；高性能但开发曲线较陡 | EVM (C链)；Solidity 合约与以太坊兼容 | EVM；Solidity合约完全兼容以太坊，工具链共用 | | 平均实际TPS | \~90-150 TPS（2024-25年，日均交易数8百万+binance.comcoindesk.com）；峰值 \~270 TPSchainspect.app | \~15 TPS（L1日均约140万笔交易)cointelegraph.com；需借助L2提升 | \~1000+ TPS（日均交易数数千万，包含投票交易)chainspect.app；曾峰值5000+ TPSbinance.com | 当前负载低，实际 \~7 TPSchainspect.app；高峰 \~120 TPSchainspect.app | \~200 TPS（日均交易约400万笔binance.com）；高峰 \~1700 TPSchainspect.app | | 理论最大TPS | \~2,000-2,500 TPS（当前参数下区块容量）cointelegraph.comchainspect.app | \~15-30 TPS（不考虑Rollup；单区块Gas上限限制） | \~50,000+ TPS（官方理论值）chainspect.app；高度依赖硬件性能 | \~1,000+ TPS（C链Gas参数下）chainspect.app | \~2,200 TPS（现行Gas上限下估计值）chainspect.app | | 交易费用机制 | 带宽+能量模型：每日免费额度+质押获取资源，无需常付手续费developers.tron.networkdevelopers.tron.network；无资源时按固定价格烧TRX（≈$0.0001/笔） | Gas拍卖：用户以 ETH 支付Gas费，费率随网络拥堵浮动；矿工/质押者收益 | 固定低费：按计算单元收取极低SOL费用，无免费额度；拥堵时费率略上调 | Gas费：按EVM Gas计算，以AVAX支付，费用较低；支持动态调整 | Gas费：与以太坊类似但计价币种为BNB，手续费低廉且有上限 | | 开发体验 | Solidity 为主（与以太坊基本通用）；TronWeb、TronIDE 等SDK工具developers.tron.networkdevelopers.tron.network；需理解资源模型区别 | Solidity/Vyper生态成熟，工具最完善（Truffle、Hardhat等）；L2多样 | **Rust/ C++**为主，开发需适应新模型；Solana工具链（Anchor框架等）在改进 | Solidity为主（C链类似以太坊开发）；另有Subnet可用Rust、Go自定义VM | Solidity为主，100%兼容以太坊工具（Remix、Hardhat等）；开发门槛与以太一致 | | 主要应用与优势 | 稳定币传输（USDT占据全球约50%供应coindesk.comcoindesk.com）；DeFi借贷（JustLend)等，但生态DApp相对稀少coinshares.com | 通用智能合约平台（DeFi、NFT蓬勃，生态最大）；安全性与去中心化强 | 高性能DApp（链游、NFT市场等；近期增长快）；曾遇网络中断挑战 | DeFi与资产发行（C链上有借贷DEX，也支持企业级子网）；强调快速终局性 | 泛用智能合约（DeFi规模庞大，如PancakeSwap等）；依托Binance生态，用户基数大 |
表：Tron 与 Ethereum、Solana、Avalanche、BNB Chain 的关键技术指标和体验比较。 上表可见，Tron 在性能和成本上具备明显优势：TPS远高于以太坊cointelegraph.com，达到Solana/Avalanche的次高水平；交易手续费几乎为零cointelegraph.com。Tron 通过牺牲一定去中心化程度（仅27个验证人）换取了高吞吐和快速确认（3秒出块，\~1分钟内区块不可逆）chainspect.app。相比之下，以太坊去中心化最强但性能有限；Solana走极致性能路线，TPS极高但因架构复杂曾多次宕机，开发语言Rust门槛也更高。Avalanche主网C链采用EVM，使开发体验类似以太坊，但通过创新共识实现1秒终局，高TPS潜力；不过Avalanche生态主要在子网探索，主链交易量目前不大。BNB Chain 与 Tron 类似，采用小规模验证者和EVM，在性能和费用上接近Tron，也广受用户欢迎（尤其DeFi应用）。然而 BNB Chain 手续费仍需消耗BNB（虽很便宜），而 Tron 的资源模型让新用户无币也能免费发交易，初次使用门槛更低alphanode.global。
开发者体验方面，Tron 对以太坊生态高度兼容。Solidity 智能合约几乎无需修改即可部署到 Tron 网络（TronVM对EVM指令的兼容medium.com确保了这一点）。开发工具有 TronWeb JS 框架、TronIDE 集成环境等供使用developers.tron.network。不过Tron社区的第三方工具和合约模板相对以太坊要少，一些以太坊常用开发库在Tron上可能需要调整。Solana 则完全是另一种开发范式（基于Rust的BPF合约），与EVM链差异大。Avalanche的C链因为本质就是EVM，所以以太坊开发者可无缝迁移合约；BNB Chain 亦然。总的来说，Tron 和 BSC 在开发上延续了以太坊的习惯，而Solana、Avalanche追求性能和新架构，开发曲线相对陡峭。Tron 相比BSC的一个不同点是资源模型，这要求开发者考虑带宽/能量的分配，但也提供了为用户代付资源的机制，适合需要降低用户使用门槛的DApp。值得注意的是，Tron 主网账户总数已超过 3亿（包括大量交易所托管地址）coindesk.com、日活跃地址逾 百万coindesk.com；尽管生态应用不算丰富，但庞大的用户基础主要来源于稳定币交易和基本金融应用，对开发者而言意味着可观的潜在用户群。
工程实现与稳定币优势：有限创新下的差异化
Tron 经常被评价为“技术创新有限”，因为其很多理念来源于前辈（如采用与EOS类似的DPoS共识，兼容EVM的合约机制等）coinshares.com。Tron 白皮书早期甚至曾被指出有抄袭他链文档的嫌疑。然而，Tron 在工程实现和优化上非常出色，打造出了一条高可用、高性能的主网，并在关键细分领域取得领先地位。首先，Tron 网络运行稳定，自2018年主网上线以来几乎没有发生严重宕机或安全事件。这一点相较于同样DPoS架构的 EOS 主网要稳健得多（EOS 主网上线后曾多次出现性能瓶颈和治理僵局），也好于近年曾遭遇停链的 Solana 等高TPS链。Tron 将区块时间精确到3秒且长期保持共识稳定，使得链上转账**“三秒到账”**成为标志性的用户体验优势。
更重要的是，Tron 聚焦于稳定币转账这一高频刚需场景，通过一系列工程手段降低用户成本、提升效率。例如，Tron 上 USDT 等稳定币的 TRC-20 合约转账被优化得近似免Gas：利用带宽每日免费额度和发行方资源冻结策略，大部分小额USDT转账用户无需支付任何TRXcointelegraph.com。据统计，Tron 上单笔 USDT 转账成本可低至 0.345 TRX（约合2美分）甚至为零medium.com。Tron 还允许代币发行方提供一定的“免费带宽”给代币持有人developers.tron.networkdevelopers.tron.network，这意味着像 Tether 这样的发行方可为TRC20-USDT交易承担资源费用，使用户体验真正达到免手续费。这种“稳定币交易免Gas”的设计在主流公链中独树一帜。
Tron 的另一工程优势是极快的确定性。虽然Tron每块3秒，但由于DPoS共识和固有的BFT特性，Tron 区块在数轮出块后即不可逆转。Tron Solidity节点仅同步不可逆区块，用于对接交易所等场景developers.tron.network。通常交易所对Tron充值只需等待 1分钟左右确认，远快于以太坊传统上要求的数分钟/数十个区块确认。chainspect.app的链速数据显示，Tron链上最终确定（finality）时间约 \~57秒，与EOS等DPoS链类似，明显快于以太坊（>6分钟）和比特币（一小时）chainspect.app。这使Tron成为稳定币跨平台流转的理想基础设施：用户可以在交易所之间快速划转USDT，几乎实时地完成资金移动，而手续费可以忽略不计。
尽管Tron本身没有提出全新的共识算法或智能合约范式，但这些工程上的打磨带来了切实的成果：截至2025年，Tron 网络上 USDT的流通量超过750亿美元，再度位居各链之首cointelegraph.comcointelegraph.com。约 50%以上的USDT供应原生发行在Tron上coindesk.comcoindesk.com（二号是以太坊，约47%，其余诸如Solana、Avalanche合计不到5%cointelegraph.com）。Tron 同时处理了全球稳定币交易价值的近29%coindesk.com，每日 USDT 转账额高达 200亿美元coindesk.com。这些数据说明，尽管Tron没有“炫目的”技术标签，但凭借务实的性能优化和对用户友好的成本结构，在稳定币这一杀手级应用上取得了其它公链无法比拟的领先coindesk.com。
Tron 的高性能也使其成为去中心化金融(DeFi)基础设施的有力支撑。Tron上最大的DeFi借贷协议 JustLend 锁定价值超过 60亿美元coinshares.com（主要是TRX和USDT的借贷），显示出稳定币低费率环境对资金沉淀的吸引力。Tron 于2022年还推出了去中心化美元稳定币 USDD，以丰富生态。不过USDD体量相对有限（约7亿市值）coinshares.com，Tron生态真正的支柱仍是 USDT 等主流稳定币的传输和兑换。正因为聚焦于稳定币的出色支持，Tron 获得了行业独特地位：CoinShares 报告称截至2024年末 Tron 上约44%的USDT供应，使其在稳定币基础设施方面一度超越以太坊coinshares.comcoinshares.com。
“BTC上涨+稳定币基础设施”叙事下的 Tron 竞争力与市场前景
当前环境下，Tron 在 USDT市场占有率高、交易成本极低 的条件下，展现出强大的竞争优势。这与行业宏观叙事“比特币上涨 + 稳定币基础设施受益”紧密相关。在加密市场进入上行周期时，比特币价格攀升往往伴随场外资金涌入，稳定币作为法币与加密世界的桥梁需求激增castleisland.vc。Tron 因为在稳定币传输领域的卓越表现，有望从这一趋势中获得超额收益（Alpha）。
首先，Bitcoin上涨带来的交易活跃增加，势必需要大量稳定币在交易所和用户间快速流转。Tron作为承载全球超过一半USDT流通的网络coindesk.comcoindesk.com，“水涨船高”，交易笔数和价值很可能进一步增长。从2024到2025年的数据已经印证了这一点：2024年末以来 Tron 日均交易量从约430万增加到840万以上，增长了95%binance.combinance.com。尤其是在2025年初，比特币触发的新一轮市场热度下，Tron 日均交易笔数持续保持在 800万+，并多次冲击单日千万笔的关口binance.combinance.com。这表明 Tron 网络能够大规模处理牛市涌现的交易需求，为稳定币的频繁进出提供了高吞吐保障。
其次，超低的费用使Tron在竞争中胜出。当市场繁荣时，以太坊等网络往往因拥堵导致Gas费飙升，而Tron凭借资源模型依然保持每笔几乎为0的费用cointelegraph.com。这一点对套利交易商、跨境转账用户等极为重要：他们可以放心地使用Tron在交易所和钱包间搬运资金，而不用担心手续费侵蚀利润。这种成本优势也使得Tron在新兴市场获得青睐。许多亚洲、非洲的用户通过Tron链转移美元稳定币用于支付和结算coinshares.comcoinshares.com。由此Tron已经形成网络效应：用户数量多、USDT储备大，新用户更愿意选择已被广泛接受的Tron作为稳定币链。2025年一季度，Tron链上USDT流通再增 70亿美元，新增用户钱包数增长了 4600万coindesk.comcoindesk.com。这种高速增长进一步巩固了Tron在稳定币领域的龙头地位。
从市场价值角度看，Tron 的基本面强劲却长期被低估的情况也引人关注。Tron手续费收入与市值比成为分析师讨论的焦点：截至2024年底，Tron每日协议收入约 $79万美元（主要来自能量费燃烧等）alphanode.globalalphanode.global。按Tron当时$190亿市值计算，其市盈率(P/E)显著低于同业。例如Solana市值虽只有Tron五分之一，但每日费用收入只有Tron的一半alphanode.global。这意味着 Tron 网络在实际利用率和价值捕获上表现突出，TRX 代币有潜在重估空间alphanode.global。部分研究指出Tron的手续费收入/市值比远高于以太坊、Solana等，暗示TRX被低估且具有“价值洼地”特征。
竞争层面，Tron 面临的挑战主要来自以太坊扩容和其他低费链的蚕食。一方面，以太坊主网的升级及其Rollup二层网络（如Arbitrum、Optimism等）在降低费用方面取得进展，某些USDT流通开始转移到以太坊的Layer 2。但即便如此，Tron凭借先发优势和广泛的交易所支持，短期内仍牢牢占据稳定币结算主渠道coinshares.com。2024年11月，以太坊曾短暂重新超过Tron的USDT供应占比，但很快又被Tron新的增发反超cointelegraph.comcointelegraph.com。这显示出Tether公司和市场对于Tron网络的信心和需求依然强劲。另一方面，BSC、Solana等亦尝试争夺稳定币市场份额，例如BSC上也运行着不少USDT。但截至2025年，BSC上的USDT流通量和活跃度远不及Tron（Tron每日稳定币活跃地址占全行业28%coindesk.comcoindesk.com）。Solana则更专注于自身DeFi和新资产发行，稳定币主要还是USDＣ为主，体量有限。
综合而言，Tron 在“BTC 上涨 + 稳定币基础设施需求”这一行业趋势下展现出了独特的竞争力。它以稳健高效的工程实现弥补了技术创新上的不足，围绕稳定币这一刚需场景打造出低成本、高速度、广覆盖的链上金融网络。在未来市场周期中，只要对稳定币的需求存在，Tron 作为底层清算层的地位就难以被撼动。对于TRX的价值表现，这意味着有潜在的Alpha：当交易量和用户数上升时，TRX作为资源质押和手续费燃烧的载体，其需求量和内在价值也水涨船高alphanode.globalalphanode.global。当然，Tron 也需继续拓展生态应用、改善西方市场的形象来巩固长期地位coinshares.comcoinshares.com。但就当前来看，Tron已经凭借“强工程+准入门槛低”的策略，在区块链基础设施版图中占据了一席重要之地。它在稳定币时代的成功经验，印证了区块链项目不仅可以靠颠覆性创新取胜，也可以通过持续优化用户体验和性能找到差异化赛道，实现后来居上。
参考资料：developers.tron.networkmedium.comcointelegraph.comcoindesk.comcoindesk.com等。
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@ b1ddb4d7:471244e7
2025-06-04 15:01:22
This article was originally published on aier.org
Even after eleven years experience, and a per Bitcoin price of nearly $20,000, the incredulous are still with us. I understand why. Bitcoin is not like other traditional financial assets.
Even describing it as an asset is misleading. It is not the same as a stock, as a payment system, or a money. It has features of all these but it is not identical to them.
What Bitcoin is depends on its use as a means of storing and porting value, which in turn rests of secure titles to ownership of a scarce good. Those without experience in the sector look at all of this and get frustrated that understanding why it is valuable is not so easy to grasp.
In this article, I’m updating an analysis I wrote six years ago. It still holds up. For those who don’t want to slog through the entire article, my thesis is that Bitcoin’s value obtains from its underlying technology, which is an open-source ledger that keeps track of ownership rights and permits the transfer of these rights. Bitcoin managed to bundle its unit of account with a payment system that lives on the ledger. That’s its innovation and why it obtained a value and that value continues to rise.
Consider the criticism offered by traditional gold advocates, who have, for decades, pushed the idea that sound money must be backed by something real, hard, and independently valuable. Bitcoin doesn’t qualify, right? Maybe it does.
Bitcoin first emerged as a possible competitor to national, government-managed money in 2009. Satoshi Nakamoto’s white paper was released October 31, 2008. The structure and language of this paper sent the message: This currency is for computer technicians, not economists nor political pundits. The paper’s circulation was limited; novices who read it were mystified.
But the lack of interest didn’t stop history from moving forward. Two months later, those who were paying attention saw the emergence of the “Genesis Block,” the first group of bitcoins generated through Nakamoto’s concept of a distributed ledger that lived on any computer node in the world that wanted to host it.
Here we are all these years later and a single bitcoin trades at $18,500. The currency is held and accepted by many thousands of institutions, both online and offline. Its payment system is very popular in poor countries without vast banking infrastructures but also in developed countries. And major institutions—including the Federal Reserve, the OECD, the World Bank, and major investment houses—are paying respectful attention and weaving blockchain technology into their operations.
Enthusiasts, who are found in every country, say that its exchange value will soar even more in the future because its supply is strictly limited and it provides a system vastly superior to government money. Bitcoin is transferred between individuals without a third party. It is relatively low-cost to exchange. It has a predictable supply. It is durable, fungible, and divisible: all crucial features of money. It creates a monetary system that doesn’t depend on trust and identity, much less on central banks and government. It is a new system for the digital age.
Hard lessons for hard money
To those educated in the “hard money” tradition, the whole idea has been a serious challenge. Speaking for myself, I had been reading about bitcoin for two years before I came anywhere close to understanding it. There was just something about the whole idea that bugged me. You can’t make money out of nothing, much less out of computer code. Why does it have value then? There must be something amiss. This is not how we expected money to be reformed.
There’s the problem: our expectations. We should have been paying closer attention to Ludwig von Mises’ theory of money’s origins—not to what we think he wrote, but to what he actually did write.
In 1912, Mises released The Theory of Money and Credit. It was a huge hit in Europe when it came out in German, and it was translated into English. While covering every aspect of money, his core contribution was in tracing the value and price of money—and not just money itself—to its origins. That is, he explained how money gets its price in terms of the goods and services it obtains. He later called this process the “regression theorem,” and as it turns out, bitcoin satisfies the conditions of the theorem.
Mises’ teacher, Carl Menger, demonstrated that money itself originates from the market—not from the State and not from social contract. It emerges gradually as monetary entrepreneurs seek out an ideal form of commodity for indirect exchange. Instead of merely bartering with each other, people acquire a good not to consume, but to trade. That good becomes money, the most marketable commodity.
But Mises added that the value of money traces backward in time to its value as a bartered commodity. Mises said that this is the only way money can have value.
The theory of the value of money as such can trace back the objective exchange value of money only to that point where it ceases to be the value of money and becomes merely the value of a commodity…. If in this way we continually go farther and farther back we must eventually arrive at a point where we no longer find any component in the objective exchange value of money that arises from valuations based on the function of money as a common medium of exchange; where the value of money is nothing other than the value of an object that is useful in some other way than as money…. Before it was usual to acquire goods in the market, not for personal consumption, but simply in order to exchange them again for the goods that were really wanted, each individual commodity was only accredited with that value given by the subjective valuations based on its direct utility.
Mises’ explanation solved a major problem that had long mystified economists. It is a narrative of conjectural history, and yet it makes perfect sense. Would salt have become money had it otherwise been completely useless? Would beaver pelts have obtained monetary value had they not been useful for clothing? Would silver or gold have had money value if they had no value as commodities first? The answer in all cases of monetary history is clearly no. The initial value of money, before it becomes widely traded as money, originates in its direct utility. It’s an explanation that is demonstrated through historical reconstruction. That’s Mises’ regression theorem.
Bitcoin’s Use Value
At first glance, bitcoin would seem to be an exception. You can’t use a bitcoin for anything other than money. It can’t be worn as jewelry. You can’t make a machine out of it. You can’t eat it or even decorate with it. Its value is only realized as a unit that facilitates indirect exchange. And yet, bitcoin already is money. It’s used every day. You can see the exchanges in real time. It’s not a myth. It’s the real deal.
It might seem like we have to choose. Is Mises wrong? Maybe we have to toss out his whole theory. Or maybe his point was purely historical and doesn’t apply in the future of a digital age. Or maybe his regression theorem is proof that bitcoin is just an empty mania with no staying power, because it can’t be reduced to its value as a useful commodity.
And yet, you don’t have to resort to complicated monetary theory in order to understand the sense of alarm surrounding bitcoin. Many people, as I did, just have a feeling of uneasiness about a money that has no basis in anything physical. Sure, you can print out a bitcoin on a piece of paper, but having a paper with a QR code or a public key is not enough to relieve that sense of unease.
How can we resolve this problem? In my own mind, I toyed with the issue for more than a year. It puzzled me. I wondered if Mises’ insight applied only in a pre-digital age. I followed the speculations online that the value of bitcoin would be zero but for the national currencies into which it is converted. Perhaps the demand for bitcoin overcame the demands of Mises’ scenario because of a desperate need for something other than the dollar.
As time passed—and I read the work of Konrad Graf, Peter Surda, and Daniel Krawisz—finally the resolution came. Bitcoin is both a payment system and a money. The payment system is the source of value, while the accounting unit merely expresses that value in terms of price. The unity of money and payment is its most unusual feature, and the one that most commentators have had trouble wrapping their heads around.
We are all used to thinking of currency as separate from payment systems. This thinking is a reflection of the technological limitations of history. There is the dollar and there are credit cards. There is the euro and there is PayPal. There is the yen and there are wire services. In each case, money transfer relies on third-party service providers. In order to use them, you need to establish what is called a “trust relationship” with them, which is to say that the institution arranging the deal has to believe that you are going to pay.
This wedge between money and payment has always been with us, except for the case of physical proximity.
If I give you a dollar for your pizza slice, there is no third party. But payment systems, third parties, and trust relationships become necessary once you leave geographic proximity. That’s when companies like Visa and institutions like banks become indispensable. They are the application that makes the monetary software do what you want it to do.
The hitch is that
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@ 3eab247c:1d80aeed
2025-06-04 10:46:40
Global Metrics
Here are the top stats from the last period:
- Total Bitcoin-accepting merchants: 15,306 → 16,284
- Recently verified (1y): 7,540 → 7,803 (the rest of our dataset is slowly rotting; help us before it's too late!)
- Avg. days since last verification: 398 → 405 (more mappers, please)
- Merchants boosted: 22 (for a total of 4,325 days, someone is feeling generous)
- Comments posted: 34
Find current stats over at the 👉 BTC Map Dashboard.
Merchant Adoption
Steak n’ Shake
The US 🇺🇸 is a massive country, yet its BTC Map footprint has been lagging relative to other countries ... that is until now!
In what came as a nice surprise to our Shadowy Supertaggers 🫠, the Steak ’n Shake chain began accepting Bitcoin payments across hundreds of its locations nationwide (with some international locations too).
According to CoinDesk, the rollout has been smooth, with users reporting seamless transactions powered by Speed.
This marks a significant step towards broader Bitcoin adoption in the US. Now to drop the capital gains tax on cheesburgers!
SPAR Switzerland
In other chain/franchise adoption news, the first SPAR supermarket in Switzerland 🇨🇭 to begin accepting Bitcoin was this one in Zug. It was quickly followed by this one in Rossrüti and this one in Kreuzlingen, in what is believed to be part of a wider roll-out plan within the country powered by DFX's Open CryptoPay.
That said, we believe the OG SPAR crown goes to SPAR City in Arnhem Bitcoin City!
New Features
Merchant Comments in the Web App
Web App users are now on par with Android users in that they can both see and make comments on merchants.
This is powered by our tweaked API that enables anyone to make a comment as long as they pass the satswall fee of 500 sats. This helps keep spam manageable and ensure quality comments.
And just in case you were wondering what the number count was on the merchant pins - yep, they're comments!
Here is an 👉 Example merchant page with comments.
Merchant Page Design Tweaks
To support the now trio of actions (Verify, Boost & Comment) on the merchant page, we've re-jigged the design a little to make things a little clearer.
What do you think?
Technical
Codebase Refactoring
Thanks to Hannes’s contributions, we’ve made progress in cleaning-up the Web App's codebase and completing long overdue maintenance. Whilst often thankless tasks, these caretaking activities help immensely with long-term maintainability enabling us to confidently build new features.
Auth System Upgrades
The old auth system was held together with duct tape and prayers, and we’re working on a more robust authentication system to support future public API access. Updates include:
- Password hashing
- Bearer token support
- Improved security practices
More enhancements are in progress and we'll update you in the next blog post.
Better API Documentation
Instead of relying on tribal knowledge, we're finally getting around to writing actual docs (with the help/hindrance of LLMs). The "move fast, break everything" era is over; now we move slightly slower and break slightly less. Progress!
Database Improvements
We use SQLite, which works well but it requires careful handling in async Rust environments. So now we're untangling this mess to avoid accidental blocking queries (and the ensuing dumpster fires).
Backup System Enhancements
BTC Map data comes in three layers of fragility:
- Merchants (backed up by OS - the big boys handle this)
- Non-OSM stuff (areas, users, etc. - currently stored on a napkin)
- External systems (Lightning node, submission tickets - pray to Satoshi)
We're now forcing two core members to backup everything, because redundancy is good.
Credits
Thanks to everyone who directly contributed to the project this period:
- Comino
- descubrebitcoin
- Hannes
- Igor Bubelov
- Nathan Day
- Rockedf
- Saunter
- SiriusBig
- vv01f
Support Us
There are many ways in which you can support us:
-
Become a Shadowy Supertagger and help maintain your local area or pitch-in with the never-ending global effort.
-
Consider a zapping this note or make a donation to the to the project here.
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@ e2c72a5a:bfacb2ee
2025-06-04 11:19:49
While hackers shift from code to human psychology, $2.1B in crypto was stolen in 2025. Ethereum's price surged 46% in 30 days, strengthening against Bitcoin and poised for a significant breakout. Meanwhile, California unanimously passed a bill allowing state agencies to accept crypto payments, signaling mainstream adoption. Corporate treasuries now control over 3% of Bitcoin's total supply, with 60+ companies doubling their holdings in just two months. The crypto landscape is transforming from technical vulnerabilities to social engineering – are you protecting your assets or just your code? What security measures have you implemented that address the human element of crypto safety?
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@ 2dd9250b:6e928072
2025-06-04 10:01:11
Durante a década de 1990, houve o aumento da globalização da economia, determinando a adição do fluxo internacional de capitais, de produtos e serviços. Este fenômeno levou a uma interdependência maior entre as economias dos países. Justamente por causa da possibilidade de que um eventual colapso econômico em um país resulte no contágio dos demais. Diante disso, aumentou a preocupação com os riscos incentivando a utilização de sofisticados modelos e estratégias de avaliação de gestão de risco.
Na década, ganharam destaque ainda os graves problemas financeiros enfrentados, entre outros, pelo banco inglês Barings Bank, e pelo fundo de investimento norte-americano Long Term Capital Management.
Outro grande destaque foi a fraude superior a US$ 7 bilhões sofrida pelo banco Société Generale em Janeiro de 2008.
O Barings Bank é um banco inglês que faliu em 1995 em razão de operações financeiras irregulares e mal-sucedidas realizadas pelo seu principal operador de mercado. O rombo da instituição foi superior à US$ 1,3 Bilhão e causado por uma aposta equivocada no desempenho futuro no índice de ações no Japão. Na realidade, o mercado acionário japonês caiu mais de 15% na época, determinando a falência do banco. O Baring Bank foi vendido a um grupo financeiro holandês (ING) pelo valor simbólico de uma libra esterlina.
O Long Term Capital Management era um fundo de investimento de que perdeu em 1998 mais de US$ 4,6 bilhões em operações nos mercados financeiros internacionais. O LTCM foi socorrido pelo Banco Central dos Estados Unidos (Federal Reserve ), que coordenou uma operação de socorro financeiro à instituição. A justificativa do Banco Central para esta decisão era "o receio das possíveis consequências mundiais da falência do fundo de investimento".
O banco francês Société Generale informou, em janeiro de 2008, uma perda de US$ 7,16 bilhões determinadas por fraudes efetuadas por um operador do mercado financeiro. Segundo revelou a instituição, o operador assumiu posições no mercado sem o conhecimento da direção do banco. A instituição teve que recorrer a uma urgente captação de recursos no mercado próxima a US$ 5,0 bilhões.
E finalmente chegamos ao caso mais problemático da era das finanças modernas anterior ao Bitcoin, o caso Lehman Brothers.
O Lehman Brothers era o 4° maior de investimentos dos EUA quando pediu concordata em 15/09/2008 com dívidas que superavam inacreditáveis US$ 600 bilhões.
Não se tinha contas correntes ou talão de cheques do Lehman Brothers. Era um banco especializado em investimentos e complexas operações financeiras. Havia feito pesados investimentos em empréstimos a juros fixos no famigerado mercado subprime, e o crédito imobiliário voltado a pessoas consideradas de forte risco de inadimplência.
Com essa carteira de investimentos que valia bem menos que o estimado e o acúmulo de projetos financeiros, minou a confiança dos investidores na instituição de 158 anos. Suas ações passaram de US$ 80 a menos de US$ 4. Acumulando fracassos nas negociações para levantar fundos; a instituição de cerca de 25 mil funcionários entrou em concordata.
O Federal Reserve resgatou algumas instituições financeiras grandes e tradicionais norte-americanas como a seguradora AIG no meio da crise. O Fed injetou um capital de US$ 182, 3 bilhões no American International Group (AIG).
Foi exatamente essa decisão do Fed em salvar alguns bancos e deixar quebrar outros, que causou insegurança por parte dos clientes. E os clientes ficaram insatisfeitos tanto com os bancos de investimentos quanto com as agências de classificação de risco, como a Standard & Poor's que tinha dado uma nota alta para o Lehman Brothers no mesmo dia em que ele quebrou.
E essa foi uma das razões pelo qual o Bitcoin foi criado. Satoshi Nakamoto entendeu que as pessoas não estavam mais confiando nem no Governo, nem nos Bancos Privados que o Governo federal restagatava quando eles quebravam e isso prejudicou muita gente. Tanto que o “hash” do Genesis Block contém o título do artigo “Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks” (Chanceler à beira de segundo resgate para bancos, em português) da edição britânica do The Times.
Esse texto foi parcialmente editado do texto de ASSAF Neto, CAF (2014).
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@ 9dd283b1:cf9b6beb
2025-06-04 08:33:32
To all territory owners,
- Can I co-found a territory with someone? Is it on the roadmap to be able to do so?
- Can I automatically split the territory rewards with other stackers?
- Can I rename the territory in the future?
Thanks
https://stacker.news/items/996796
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@ 5ea46480:450da5bd
2025-06-04 11:18:24
Ofcourse do we want our big open world cake, and eat it with a side of stability and order. I love the spammers, because all they do is press our noses on the grim reality we are facing: Everything is going to turn to absolute shit. The fact that we are all interconnected is meaningless because the communication lines contain too much noise.
Look, some spambot posting silly things that might waste your attention for a tiny bit before you figure out its not worth your time, or clutter your feed, is not the end of the world. But the point is that that post could be anything, and with a bit of AI effort more convincing. We all sense this, in fact we even see it, and there is no indication to think it wont get worse.
Important to note is, that the big platforms are struggling with this crap as well. Their set up is by their nature a ‘have a cake and eat it’ proposition: Yes we are the worlds public square that everyone visits in this particular domain, and we will keep you safe from spammers and fraudsters. But we ran out of captchas, and they are forced to heighten their walls, reinforce their gates and increase the amount of guards that are on patrol; slowly but surely, you as a user will be forced to subjugate yourself to more and more scrutiny, restrictions and punishment if you want to be active there. At some point the only reason they would be considered ‘the worlds public square’, is because they are the only vestiges of order left without any existing alternatives.
If we seriously want to introduce that alternative, we would have to approach the issue in a fundamentally different manner. That issue, is one of reputation, i.e. consistent behavior over time. Now to be clear, there is no full proof system for reputation, it does not exist for two reasons: One, anyone at any time can decide to break their consistent behavior simply because they feel like it. And two, because you you never have perfect information and can therefor not interpret the consistency of their behavior perfectly; think of a spy for example, where them consistently lying to you and eventually betraying you actually makes them a consistent spy.
Reputation is always a game of who knows who, but ‘social’ reputation is hard to scale: the longer the ties become, the less they can be relied upon. To scale reputation went the route of formalization via institutions: these are your certificates, badges, uniforms whatever, as a testament you went through certain predefined hoops in a controlled environment. As a result, whatever reputation the institution might have rubs off on you. It also stacks in the fact that one certificate can only be obtained when other certificates were acquired prior. So these certificates are pieces of reputational capital, defined in records. This system allowed us to create globe spanning organizations.
That system does work, but it is rigid, and the moment it becomes corrupt you are very, very screwed, because on what basis are you going to put it back together again? In any event, that is what we have anyway and as noted it has other issues, so what other option is there? Scaling ‘social’ reputation. The whole idea behind Nostr’s ‘Web of Trust’, is that bottom-up connections and relations, that are (partly) based on existing relations in meat-space can form a globally meaningful reputational pillar on which we can start identifying each other again.
If seven handshakes connects you with everyone, four will get you pretty far. Three is even less risk, whilst five might open up interesting doors for you. The point is, its gradual, and according to your risk appetite you can play around with it. Secondly, the better well connected you are, how more of a reputation you gained, the less risk you need to run to begin with. Obviously this requires some bootstrapping, but you live in meatspace; if there really is no-one out there willing to give you a leg up you might want to do some soul searching.
But the result of this strategy, will be that everyone will pull back behind their own little moats first. At first, we will all lose connections to defend ourselves against the massive onslaught of ‘the Fake’: The big estrangement. But that is ok, with a bit of effort, I am sure that eventually, after enough reputational capital is build over time, we will find each other again in this global village.
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@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b
2025-06-04 10:48:23
Čini se da se svet kreće u pogrešnom smeru - rastući troškovi, opadajući životni standard i rastuća nestabilnost. Šta je koren problema? Naš novac je pokvaren.
Naučite više na satsvsfiat.com.
U ovom videu Džo Brajan se služi jedinstvenom i zanimljivom pričom kako bi pokazao da uzrok većine naših problema jednostavno leži u kvalitetu našeg novca. Ovaj video, koji je dostupan svima i svuda, sklapa kockice između današnjih izazova i njihovih osnovnih uzroka uz predstavljanje rešenja: Bitkoin.
Molimo vas da naučite o Bitkoinu - popravite novac i popravićete svet 🧡
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 14:01:48
News
- Bitcoin mining centralization in 2025. According to a blog post by b10c, Bitcoin mining was at its most decentralized in May 2017, with another favorable period from 2019 to 2022. However, starting in 2023, mining has become increasingly centralized, particularly due to the influence of large pools like Foundry and the use of proxy pooling by entities such as AntPool.
Source: b10c's blog.
- OpenSats announces the eleventh wave of Nostr grants. The five projects in this wave are the mobile live-streaming app Swae, the Nostr-over-ham-radio project HAMSTR, Vertex—a Web-of-Trust (WOT) service for Nostr developers, Nostr Double Ratchet for end-to-end encrypted messaging, and the Nostr Game Engine for building games and applications integrated with the Nostr ecosystem.
- New Spiral grantee: l0rinc. In February 2024, l0rinc transitioned to full-time work on Bitcoin Core. His efforts focus on performance benchmarking and optimizations, enhancing code quality, conducting code reviews, reducing block download times, optimizing memory usage, and refactoring code.
- Project Eleven offers 1 BTC to break Bitcoin's cryptography with a quantum computer. The quantum computing research organization has introduced the Q-Day Prize, a global challenge that offers 1 BTC to the first team capable of breaking an elliptic curve cryptographic (ECC) key using Shor’s algorithm on a quantum computer. The prize will be awarded to the first team to successfully accomplish this breakthrough by April 5, 2026.
- Unchained has launched the Bitcoin Legacy Project. The initiative seeks to advance the Bitcoin ecosystem through a bitcoin-native donor-advised fund platform (DAF), investments in community hubs, support for education and open-source development, and a commitment to long-term sustainability with transparent annual reporting.
- In its first year, the program will provide support to Bitcoin hubs in Nashville, Austin, and Denver.
- Support also includes $50,000 to the Bitcoin Policy Institute, a $150,000 commitment at the University of Austin, and up to $250,000 in research grants through the Bitcoin Scholars program.
"Unchained will match grants 1:1 made to partner organizations who support Bitcoin Core development when made through the Unchained-powered bitcoin DAF, up to 1 BTC," was stated in a blog post.
- Block launched open-source tools for Bitcoin treasury management. These include a dashboard for managing corporate bitcoin holdings and provides a real-time BTC-to-USD price quote API, released as part of the Block Open Source initiative. The company’s own instance of the bitcoin holdings dashboard is available here.
Source: block.xyz
- Bull Bitcoin expands to Mexico, enabling anyone in the country to receive pesos from anywhere in the world straight from a Bitcoin wallet. Additionally, users can now buy Bitcoin with a Mexican bank account.
"Bull Bitcoin strongly believes in Bitcoin’s economic potential in Mexico, not only for international remittances and tourism, but also for Mexican individuals and companies to reclaim their financial sovereignty and protect their wealth from inflation and the fragility of traditional financial markets," said Francis Pouliot, Founder and CEO of Bull Bitcoin.
- Corporate bitcoin holdings hit a record high in Q1 2025. According to Bitwise, public companies' adoption of Bitcoin has hit an all-time high. In Q1 2025, these firms collectively hold over 688,000 BTC, marking a 16.11% increase from the previous quarter. This amount represents 3.28% of Bitcoin's fixed 21 million supply.
Source: Bitwise.
- The Bitcoin Bond Company for institutions has launched with the aim of acquiring $1 trillion in Bitcoin over 21 years. It utilizes secure, transparent, and compliant bond-like products backed by Bitcoin.
- The U.S. Senate confirmed Paul Atkins as Chair of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). At his confirmation hearing, Atkins emphasized the need for a clear framework for digital assets. He aims to collaborate with the CFTC and Congress to address jurisdiction and rulemaking gaps, aligning with the Trump administration's goal to position the U.S. as a leader in Bitcoin and blockchain finance.
- Ethereum developer Virgil Griffith has been released from custody. Griffith, whose sentence was reduced to 56 months, is now seeking a pardon. He was initially sentenced to 63 months for allegedly violating international sanctions laws by providing technical advice on using cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology to evade sanctions during a presentation titled 'Blockchains for Peace' in North Korea.
- No-KYC exchange eXch to close down under money laundering scrutiny. The privacy-focused cryptocurrency trading platform said it will cease operations on May 1. This decision follows allegations that the platform was used by North Korea's Lazarus Group for money laundering. eXch revealed it is the subject of an active "transatlantic operation" aimed at shutting down the platform and prosecuting its team for "money laundering and terrorism."
- Blockstream combats ESP32 FUD concerning Jade signers. The company stated that after reviewing the vulnerability disclosed in early March, Jade was found to be secure. Espressif Systems, the designer of the ESP32, has since clarified that the "undocumented commands" do not constitute a "backdoor."
- Bank of America is lobbying for regulations that favor banks over tech firms in stablecoin issuance. The bank's CEO Brian Moynihan is working with groups such as the American Bankers Association to advance the issuance of a fully reserved, 1:1 backed "Bank of America coin." If successful, this could limit stablecoin efforts by non-banks like Tether, Circle, and others, reports The Block.
- Tether to back OCEAN Pool with its hashrate. "As a company committed to financial freedom and open access, we see supporting decentralization in Bitcoin mining as essential to the network’s long-term integrity," said Tether CEO Paolo Ardoino.
- Bitdeer to expand its self-mining operations to navigate tariffs. The Singapore-based mining company is advancing plans to produce machines in the U.S. while reducing its mining hardware sales. This response is in light of increasing uncertainties related to U.S. trade policy, as reported by Bloomberg.
- Tether acquires $32M in Bitdeer shares. The firm has boosted its investment in Bitdeer during a wider market sell-off, with purchases in early to mid-April amounting to about $32 million, regulatory filings reveal.
- US Bitcoin miner manufacturer Auradine has raised $153 million in a Series C funding round as it expands into AI infrastructure. The round was led by StepStone Group and included participation from Maverick Silicon, Premji Invest, Samsung Catalyst Fund, Qualcomm Ventures, Mayfield, MARA Holdings, GSBackers, and other existing investors. The firm raised to over $300 million since its inception in 2022.
- Voltage has partnered with BitGo to [enable](https://www.voltage.cloud/blog/bitgo-and-voltage-team-up-to-deliver-instant-bitcoin-and-stabl
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 14:01:47
Good morning (good night?)! The No Bullshit Bitcoin news feed is now available on Moody's Dashboard! A huge shoutout to sir Clark Moody for integrating our feed.
Headlines
- Spiral welcomes Ben Carman. The developer will work on the LDK server and a new SDK designed to simplify the onboarding process for new self-custodial Bitcoin users.
- The Bitcoin Dev Kit Foundation announced new corporate members for 2025, including AnchorWatch, CleanSpark, and Proton Foundation. The annual dues from these corporate members fund the small team of open-source developers responsible for maintaining the core BDK libraries and related free and open-source software (FOSS) projects.
- Strategy increases Bitcoin holdings to 538,200 BTC. In the latest purchase, the company has spent more than $555M to buy 6,556 coins through proceeds of two at-the-market stock offering programs.
- Spar supermarket experiments with Bitcoin payments in Zug, Switzerland. The store has introduced a new payment method powered by the Lightning Network. The implementation was facilitated by DFX Swiss, a service that supports seamless conversions between bitcoin and legacy currencies.
- The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) wants to contain 'crypto' risks. A report titled "Cryptocurrencies and Decentralised Finance: Functions and Financial Stability Implications" calls for expanding research into "how new forms of central bank money, capital controls, and taxation policies can counter the risks of widespread crypto adoption while still fostering technological innovation."
- "Global Implications of Scam Centres, Underground Banking, and Illicit Online Marketplaces in Southeast Asia." According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) report, criminal organizations from East and Southeast Asia are swiftly extending their global reach. These groups are moving beyond traditional scams and trafficking, creating sophisticated online networks that include unlicensed cryptocurrency exchanges, encrypted communication platforms, and stablecoins, fueling a massive fraud economy on an industrial scale.
- Slovenia is considering a 25% capital gains tax on Bitcoin profits for individuals. The Ministry of Finance has proposed legislation to impose this tax on gains from cryptocurrency transactions, though exchanging one cryptocurrency for another would remain exempt. At present, individual 'crypto' traders in Slovenia are not taxed.
- Circle, BitGo, Coinbase, and Paxos plan to apply for U.S. bank charters or licenses. According to a report in The Wall Street Journal, major crypto companies are planning to apply for U.S. bank charters or licenses. These firms are pursuing limited licenses that would permit them to issue stablecoins, as the U.S. Congress deliberates on legislation mandating licensing for stablecoin issuers.
"Established banks, like Bank of America, are hoping to amend the current drafts of [stablecoin] legislation in such a way that nonbanks are more heavily restricted from issuing stablecoins," people familiar with the matter told The Block.
- Charles Schwab to launch spot Bitcoin trading by 2026. The financial investment firm, managing over $10 trillion in assets, has revealed plans to introduce spot Bitcoin trading for its clients within the next year.
Use the tools
- Bitcoin Safe v1.2.3 expands QR SignMessage compatibility for all QR-UR-compatible hardware signers (SpecterDIY, KeyStone, Passport, Jade; already supported COLDCARD Q). It also adds the ability to import wallets via QR, ensuring compatibility with Keystone's latest firmware (2.0.6), alongside other improvements.
- Minibits v0.2.2-beta, an ecash wallet for Android devices, packages many changes to align the project with the planned iOS app release. New features and improvements include the ability to lock ecash to a receiver's pubkey, faster confirmations of ecash minting and payments thanks to WebSockets, UI-related fixes, and more.
- Zeus v0.11.0-alpha1 introduces Cashu wallets tied to embedded LND wallets. Navigate to Settings > Ecash to enable it. Other wallet types can still sweep funds from Cashu tokens. Zeus Pay now supports Cashu address types in Zaplocker, Cashu, and NWC modes.
- LNDg v1.10.0, an advanced web interface designed for analyzing Lightning Network Daemon (LND) data and automating node management tasks, introduces performance improvements, adds a new metrics page for unprofitable and stuck channels, and displays warnings for batch openings. The Profit and Loss Chart has been updated to include on-chain costs. Advanced settings have been added for users who would like their channel database size to be read remotely (the default remains local). Additionally, the AutoFees tool now uses aggregated pubkey metrics for multiple channels with the same peer.
- Nunchuk Desktop v1.9.45 release brings the latest bug fixes and improvements.
- Blockstream Green iOS v4.1.8 has renamed L-BTC to LBTC, and improves translations of notifications, login time, and background payments.
- Blockstream Green Android v4.1.8 has added language preference in App Settings and enables an Android data backup option for disaster recovery. Additionally, it fixes issues with Jade entry point PIN timeout and Trezor passphrase input.
- Torq v2.2.2, an advanced Lightning node management software designed to handle large nodes with over 1000 channels, fixes bugs that caused channel balance to not be updated in some cases and channel "peer total local balance" not getting updated.
- Stack Wallet v2.1.12, a multicoin wallet by Cypher Stack, fixes an issue with Xelis introduced in the latest release for Windows.
- ESP-Miner-NerdQAxePlus v1.0.29.1, a forked version from the NerdAxe miner that was modified for use on the NerdQAxe+, is now available.
- Zark enables sending sats to an npub using Bark.
- Erk is a novel variation of the Ark protocol that completely removes the need for user interactivity in rounds, addressing one of Ark's key limitations: the requirement for users to come online before their VTXOs expire.
- Aegis v0.1.1 is now available. It is a Nostr event signer app for iOS devices.
- Nostash is a NIP-07 Nostr signing extension for Safari. It is a fork of Nostore and is maintained by Terry Yiu. Available on iOS TestFlight.
- Amber v3.2.8, a Nostr event signer for Android, delivers the latest fixes and improvements.
- Nostur v1.20.0, a Nostr client for iOS, adds
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@ 6ad3e2a3:c90b7740
2025-06-04 08:32:29
"Modern science is based on this principle: give us one free miracle and then we'll explain the rest."
— Terrence McKenna
I always wondered why a pot of water boils on the stove. I mean I know it boils because I turned on the electricity, but why does the electricity cause it to boil? I know the electricity produces heat, and the heat is conducted through the stainless steel pot and into the water, but why does the heat transfer from stovetop to the water?
I know the heat from the stove via the pot speeds up the molecules in the water touching it and that they in turn speed up the molecules touching them and so on throughout the pot, but why do speedy molecules cause adjacent molecules to speed up?
I mean I know they do this, but why do they do this? Why couldn’t it be that sped-up molecules only interact with sufficient speedy molecules and ignore slower ones? Why do they interact with all the molecules, causing all of them to speed up? Or why don’t the speedy ones, instead of sharing their excited state, hoard it and take more energy from adjacent slower molecules, thereby making them colder, i.e., why doesn’t half the water boil twice as fast (on the left side of the pot) while the other half (right side) turns to ice?
The molecules tend to bounce around randomly, interacting as equal opportunists on the surrounding ones rather than distinguishing only certain ones with which to interact. Why do the laws of thermodynamics behave as such rather than some other way?
There may be yet deeper layers to this, explanations going down to the atomic and even quantum levels, but no matter how far you take them, you are always, in the end, left with: “Because those are the laws of physics”, i.e., “because that’s just how it is.”
. . .
The Terrence McKenna quote, recently cited by Joe Rogan on his podcast, refers to the Big Bang, the current explanation adopted by the scientifically literate as to the origins of the universe. You see there was this insanely dense, infinitesimally small micro dot that one day (before the dawn of time) exploded outward with unimaginable power that over billions of years created what we perceive as the known universe.
What happened prior? Can’t really say because time didn’t yet exist, and “prior” doesn’t make sense in that context. Why did it do this? We don’t know. How did it get there? Maybe a supermassive black hole from another universe got too dense and exploded out the other side? Highly speculative.
So why do people believe in the Big Bang? Because it comports with and explains certain observable phenomena and predicted other phenomena which were subsequently confirmed. But scratch a little deeper for an explanation as to what caused it, for what purpose did it occur or what preceded it, and you hit the same wall.
. . .
Even if we were to understand at a quantum level how and why the Big Bang happened and what preceded it, let’s assume it’s due to Factor X, something we eventually replicated with mini big-bangs and universe creations in our labs, we would still be tasked with understanding why Factor X exists in the universe. And if Factor X were explained by Process Y, we’d still be stuck needing an explanation for Process Y — ad infinitum.
Science can thus only push the wall back farther, but can never scale it. We can never arrive at an ultimate explanation, only partial ones. Its limitations are the limitations of thought itself, the impossibility of ever creating a map at a scale of one mile per mile.
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 14:01:46
Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.
News
- Spiral welcomes Ben Carman. The developer will work on the LDK server and a new SDK designed to simplify the onboarding process for new self-custodial Bitcoin users.
- Spiral renews support for Dan Gould and Joschisan. The organization has renewed support for Dan Gould, who is developing the Payjoin Dev Kit (PDK), and Joschisan, a Fedimint developer focused on simplifying federations.
- The Bitcoin Dev Kit Foundation announced new corporate members for 2025, including AnchorWatch, CleanSpark, and Proton Foundation. The annual dues from these corporate members fund the small team of open-source developers responsible for maintaining the core BDK libraries and related free and open-source software (FOSS) projects.
- The European Central Bank is pushing for amendments to the European Union's Markets in Crypto Assets legislation (MiCA), just months after its implementation. According to Politico's report on Tuesday, the ECB is concerned that U.S. support for cryptocurrency, particularly stablecoins, could cause economic harm to the 27-nation bloc.
- Slovenia is considering a 25% capital gains tax on Bitcoin profits for individuals. The Ministry of Finance has proposed legislation to impose this tax on gains from cryptocurrency transactions, though exchanging one cryptocurrency for another would remain exempt. At present, individual 'crypto' traders in Slovenia are not taxed.
- The Virtual Asset Service Providers (VASP) Bill 2025 introduced in Kenya. The new legislation aims to establish a comprehensive legal framework for licensing, regulating, and supervising virtual asset service providers (VASPs), with strict penalties for non-compliant entities.
- Circle, BitGo, Coinbase, and Paxos plan to apply for U.S. bank charters or licenses. According to a report in The Wall Street Journal, major crypto companies are planning to apply for U.S. bank charters or licenses. These firms are pursuing limited licenses that would permit them to issue stablecoins, as the U.S. Congress deliberates on legislation mandating licensing for stablecoin issuers.
"Established banks, like Bank of America, are hoping to amend the current drafts of [stablecoin] legislation in such a way that nonbanks are more heavily restricted from issuing stablecoins," people familiar with the matter told The Block.
- Paul Atkins has officially assumed the role of the 34th Chairman of the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). This is a return to the agency for Atkins, who previously served as an SEC Commissioner from 2002 to 2008 under the George W. Bush administration. He has committed to advancing the SEC’s mission of fostering capital formation, safeguarding investors, and ensuring fair and efficient markets.
- Federal Reserve retracts guidance discouraging banks from engaging in 'crypto.' The U.S. Federal Reserve withdrew guidance that discouraged banks from crypto and stablecoin activities, as announced by its Board of Governors on Thursday. This includes rescinding a 2022 supervisory letter requiring prior notification of crypto activities and 2023 stablecoin requirements.
"As a result, the Board will no longer expect banks to provide notification and will instead monitor banks' crypto-asset activities through the normal supervisory process," reads the FED statement.
- Russian government to launch a cryptocurrency exchange. The country's Ministry of Finance and Central Bank announced plans to establish a trading platform for "highly qualified investors" that "will legalize crypto assets and bring crypto operations out of the shadows."
- Twenty One Capital is set to launch with over 42,000 BTC in its treasury. This new Bitcoin-native firm, backed by Tether and SoftBank, is planned to go public via a SPAC merger with Cantor Equity Partners and will be led by Jack Mallers, co-founder and CEO of Strike. According to a report by the Financial Times, the company aims to replicate the model of Michael Saylor with his company, MicroStrategy.
- Strategy increases Bitcoin holdings to 538,200 BTC. In the latest purchase, the company has spent more than $555M to buy 6,556 coins through proceeds of two at-the-market stock offering programs.
- Metaplanet buys another 145 BTC. The Tokyo-listed company has purchased an additional 145 BTC for $13.6 million. Their total bitcoin holdings now stand at 5,000 coins, worth around $428.1 million.
- Semler Scientific has increased its bitcoin holdings to 3,303 BTC. The company acquired an additional 111 BTC at an average price of $90,124. The purchase was funded through proceeds from an at-the-market offering and cash reserves, as stated in a press release.
- Tesla still holds nearly $1 billion in bitcoin. According to the automaker's latest earnings report, the firm reported digital asset holdings worth $951 million as of March 31.
- Spar supermarket experiments with Bitcoin payments in Zug, Switzerland. The store has introduced a new payment method powered by the Lightning Network. The implementation was facilitated by DFX Swiss, a service that supports seamless conversions between bitcoin and legacy currencies.
- Charles Schwab to launch spot Bitcoin trading by 2026. The financial investment firm, managing over $10 trillion in assets, has revealed plans to introduce spot Bitcoin trading for its clients within the next year.
- Arch Labs has secured $13 million to develop "ArchVM" and integrate smart-contract functionality with Bitcoin. The funding round, valuing the company at $200 million, was led by Pantera Capital, as announced on Tuesday.
- Citrea deployed its Clementine Bridge on the Bitcoin testnet. The bridge utilizes the BitVM2 programming language to inherit validity from Bitcoin, allegedly providing "the safest and most trust-minimized way to use BTC in decentralized finance."
- UAE-based Islamic bank ruya launches Shari’ah-compliant bitcoin investing. The bank has become the world’s first Islamic bank to provide direct access to virtual asset investments, including Bitcoin, via its mobile app, per Bitcoin Magazine.
- Solosatoshi.com has sold over 10,000 open-source miners, adding more than 10 PH of hashpower to the Bitcoin network.
"Thank you, Bitaxe community. OSMU developers, your brilliance built this. Supporters, your belief drives us. Customers, your trust powers 10,000+ miners and 10PH globally. Together, we’re decentralizing Bitcoin’s future. Last but certainly not least, thank you@skot9000 for not only creating a freedom tool, but instilling the idea into thousands of people, that Bitcoin mining can be for everyone again," said the firm on X.
- OCEAN's DATUM has found 100 blocks. "Over 65% of OCEAN’s miners are using DATUM, and that number is growing every day. This means block template construction is making its way back into the hands of the miners, which is not only the most profitable
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 14:01:44
News
- Wallet of Satoshi teases a comeback in the US market with a non-custodial product. According to an announcement on X, the widely popular custodial Lightning wallet is preparing to re-enter the United States market with a non-custodial wallet. It is unclear whether the product will be open-source, but the project has clarified that "there will be no KYC on any Wallet of Satoshi, ever!" Wallet of Satoshi ceased serving customers in the United States in November 2023.
- Vulnerability disclosure: Remote crash due to addr message spam in Bitcoin Core versions before v29. Bitcoin Core developer Antoine Poinsot disclosed an integer overflow bug that crashes a node if spammed with addr messages over an extended period. A fix was released on April 14, 2025, in Bitcoin Core v29.0. The issue is rated Low severity.
- Coinbase Know Your Customer (KYC) data leak. The U.S. Department of Justice, including its Criminal Division in Washington, is investigating a cyberattack on Coinbase. The incident involved cybercriminals attempting to extort $20 million from Coinbase to prevent stolen customer data from being leaked online. Although the data breach affected less than 1% of the exchange's users, Coinbase now faces at least six lawsuits following the revelation that some customer support agents were bribed as part of the extortion scheme.
- Fold has launched Bitcoin Gift Cards, enabling users to purchase bitcoin for personal use or as gifts, redeemable via the Fold app. These cards are currently available on Fold’s website and are planned to expand to major retailers nationwide later this year.
"Our mission is to make bitcoin simple and approachable for everyone. The Bitcoin Gift Card brings bitcoin to millions of Americans in a familiar way. Available at the places people already shop, the Bitcoin Gift Card is the best way to gift bitcoin to others," said Will Reeves, Chairman and CEO of Fold.
- Corporate treasuries hold nearly 1.1 million BTC, representing about 5.5% of the total circulating supply (1,082,164 BTC), per BitcoinTreasuries.net data. Recent purchases include Strategy adding 7,390 BTC (total: 576,230 BTC), Metplanet acquiring 1,004 BTC (total: 7,800 BTC), Tether holding over 100,521 BTC, and XXI Capital, led by Jack Mallers, starting with 31,500 BTC.
- Meanwhile, a group of investors has filed a class action lawsuit against Strategy and its executive Michael Saylor. The lawsuit alleges that Strategy made overly optimistic projections using fair value accounting under new FASB rules while downplaying potential losses.
- The U.S. Senate voted to advance the GENIUS stablecoin bill for further debate before a final vote to pass it. Meanwhile, the House is crafting its own stablecoin legislation to establish a regulatory framework for stablecoins and their issuers in the U.S, reports CoinDesk.
- French 'crypto' entrepreneurs get priority access to emergency police services. French Minister of the Interior, Bruno Retailleau, agreed on measures to enhance security for 'crypto' professionals during a meeting on Friday. This follows a failed kidnapping attempt on Tuesday targeting the family of a cryptocurrency exchange CEO, and two other kidnappings earlier this year.
- Brussels Court declares tracking-based ads illegal in EU. The Brussels Court of Appeal ruled tracking-based online ads illegal in the EU due to an inadequate consent model. Major tech firms like Microsoft, Amazon, Google, and X are affected by the decision, as their consent pop-ups fail to protect privacy in real-time bidding, writes The Record.
- Telegram shares data on 22,777 users in Q1 2025, a significant increase from the 5,826 users' data shared during the same period in 2024. This significant increase follows the arrest of CEO and founder Pavel Durov last year.
- An Australian judge has ruled that Bitcoin is money, potentially exempting it from capital gains tax in the country. If upheld on appeal, this interim decision could lead to taxpayer refunds worth up to $1 billion, per tax lawyer Adrian Cartland.
Use the tools
- Bitcoin Safe v1.3.0 a secure and user-friendly Bitcoin savings wallet for beginners and advanced users, introduces an interactive chart, Child Pays For Parent (CPFP) support, testnet4 compatibility, preconfigured testnet demo wallets, various bug fixes, and other improvements.
- BlueWallet v7.1.8 brings numerous bug fixes, dependency updates, and a new search feature for addresses and transactions.
- Aqua Wallet v0.3.0 is out, offering beta testing for the reloadable Dolphin card (in partnership with Visa) for spending bitcoin and Liquid BTC. It also includes a new Optical Character Recognition (OCR) text scanner to read text addresses like QR codes, colored numbers on addresses for better readability, a reduced minimum for spending and swapping Liquid Bitcoin to 100 sats, plus other fixes and enhancements.
Source: Aqua wallet.
- The latest firmware updates for COLDCARD Mk4 v5.4.3 and Q v1.3.3 are now available, featuring the latest enhancements and bug fixes.
- Nunchuk Android v1.9.68.1 and iOS v1.9.79 introduce support for custom blockchain explorers, wallet archiving, re-ordering wallets on the home screen via long-press, and an anti-fee sniping setting.
- BDK-cli v1.0.0, a CLI wallet library and REPL tool to demo and test the BDK library, now uses bdk_wallet 1.0.0 and integrates Kyoto, utilizing the Kyoto protocol for compact block filters. It sets SQLite as the default database and discontinues support for sled.
- publsp is a new command-line tool designed for Lightning node runners or Lightning Service Providers (LSPs) to advertise liquidity offers over Nostr.
"LSPs advertise liquidity as addressable Kind 39735 events. Clients just pull and evaluate all those structured events, then NIP-17 DM an LSP of their choice to coordinate a liquidity purchase," writes developer smallworlnd.
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Lightning Blinder by Super Testnet is a proof-of-concept privacy tool for the Lightning Network. It enables users to mislead Lightning Service Providers (LSPs) by making it appear as though one wallet is the sender or recipient, masking the original wallet. Explore and try it out here.
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Mempal v1.5.3, a Bitcoin mempool monitoring and notification app for Android, now includes a swipe-down feature to refresh the dashboard, a custom time option for widget auto-update frequency, and a
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@ 866e0139:6a9334e5
2025-06-04 08:21:14
Autor: Milosz Matuschek. Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben. Sie finden alle Texte der Friedenstaube und weitere Texte zum Thema Frieden hier. Die neuesten Pareto-Artikel finden Sie in unserem Telegram-Kanal.
Die neuesten Artikel der Friedenstaube gibt es jetzt auch im eigenen Friedenstaube-Telegram-Kanal.
Auch wer das Kriegsgeschehen bisher nicht im Detail verfolgte (das tat ich auch nicht), horcht nun auf: Einem Nicht-Atomstaat – der Ukraine – ist ein gleichzeitiger, koordinierter Schlag gegen vier teils tausende Kilometer voneinander entfernte russische Luftbasen gelungen. Eine nicht unerhebliche Zahl strategisch wichtiger Flugzeuge wurde zerstört. Ein Angriff im hintersten russischen Hinterland, selbst jenseits der Taurus-Reichweite, durchgeführt mit Billigdrohnen, wirft erhebliche Fragen über geheimdienstliches Versagen in Russland und eklatante Mängel in der Luftverteidigung auf.
Es gibt wohl Momente, in denen Geschichte nicht geschrieben, sondern geflogen wird. Unspektakulär, relativ still, surrend, von einem LKW aus abgefeuert, mit einem Stück Technik, das kaum mehr kostet als das Gerät, auf dem ich diesen Text schreibe.
Ein Angriff auf die Friedensverhandlungen
Die Ukraine hat sich erstmals weit über das Schlachtfeld hinaus erhoben – geografisch, technisch, symbolisch. Die Triade der atomwaffenfähigen Luftstreitkräfte Russlands – ein Heiligtum sowjetischer Machtprojektion – wurde durch das schwächste Glied in der Logikkette der Militärdoktrin beschädigt: den Überraschungseffekt. Drohnen, wie aus dem 3D-Drucker, haben eine strategische Achillesferse bloßgelegt. Nicht mit Hyperschall, sondern mit Hartplastik und GPS. Das erste Opfer dieses Angriffs dürften die Friedensverhandlungen in Istanbul sein.
Dass die Ukraine strategische Luftstützpunkte der russischen Atomwaffe angreift – koordiniert, tief im Landesinnern – wäre bereits für sich eine Zäsur. Doch dass dies unter stillschweigender Duldung oder gar Mithilfe westlicher Dienste wie der CIA erfolgt sein dürfte, während Trump zugleich als Friedenstaube auftritt, verschiebt das strategische Koordinatensystem. Die alten Verträge – START etc. – wirken wie rissige Abkommen aus der Steinzeit. Wenn die USA von der Operation wussten, darf sich Russland getäuscht fühlen. Washington kann nicht gleichzeitig Frieden mit Moskau betonen und eine Aktion dulden oder mittragen, die offensichtlich das Ziel hat, die russische Atommacht zu schwächen, woran die USA prinzipiell Interesse hätten. Falls Trump nichts davon wusste, muss man sich fragen: Regiert eigentlich er oder der „Swamp“, den er austrocknen wollte?
Egal wie man es wendet: Die Operation Spinnennetz war mehr als nur ein Angriff auf russische Flugzeuge auf russischem Gebiet. Militärisch gewinnt die Ukraine dadurch wenig, symbolisch und politisch aber viel, denn der Hauptgegner der Ukraine sind gerade nicht die hundert Millionen Dollar teuren Bomber der Russen, sondern die schleichende Kriegsunlust der Europäer – und ein Amerika, das sich mehr mit sich selbst beschäftigt als mit dem Fortgang eines Krieges, in dem es längst selbst Partei ist.
Damit sich die Reihen wieder schließen, muss der Feind sich zeigen – deutlich, fassbar, bedrohlich. Eine russische Reaktion, die auch europäische Hauptstädte erschüttert, wäre strategisch nützlich. Der Angriff war daher wohl weniger eine militärische Tat als eine psychologische Operation im Kampf um Wahrnehmung und Willen. Aus Sicht der Ukraine ist das verständlich, für sie geht es um ihre Existenz. Dafür wiederum braucht es eine erhöhte Alarmstufe.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1JlQLewOAmA
Solidarität durch Eskalation?
Die kalkulierte Demütigung könnte einem Drehbuch folgen: Putin soll nun die Rolle des Eskalators übernehmen. Tut er es, war die Operation erfolgreich – denn Europas Kriegstüchtigkeit hängt nicht nur von Panzerzahlen ab, sondern von der Bereitschaft zur Konfrontation. Der Feind, den es braucht, muss sich jetzt allen ins Gedächtnis brennen.
So gesehen ist der eigentliche Coup nicht der Schaden in Djagilewo, Iwanowo oder Olenia – sondern das noch bevorstehende unsichtbare Nachspiel. Europa und die Welt betreten nun gänzlich neues Gelände, in welchem ein militärisch gedemütigtes Russland gleichzeitig Friedenswillen gegenüber Europa bekunden, rote Linien verteidigen und seine Integrität als Atom-Macht bewahren muss. Das Dilemma für Putin besteht nun darin, Stärke zu beweisen ohne sich noch mehr zum Feindbild des Aggressors machen zu lassen.
Fakt ist: Wir sind einem III. Weltkrieg gerade so nah wie seit der Kuba-Krise nicht mehr.
Und wer sich über ein russisches “Pearl Harbor” freut, sollte mal in ein Geschichtsbuch schauen, wie es am Ende für Japan ausging.
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 14:01:44
Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.
- This release introduces Payjoin v2 functionality to Bitcoin wallets on Cake, along with several UI/UX improvements and bug fixes.
- The Payjoin v2 protocol enables asynchronous, serverless coordination between sender and receiver, removing the need to be online simultaneously or maintain a server. This simplifies privacy-focused transactions for regular users.
"I cannot speak highly enough of how amazing it has been to work with @bitgould and Jaad from the@payjoindevkit team, they're doing incredible work. None of this would be possible without them and their tireless efforts. PDK made it so much easier to ship Payjoin v2 than it would have been otherwise, and I can't wait to see other wallets jump in and give back to PDK as they implement it like we did," said Seth For Privacy, VP at Cake Wallet.
How to started with Payjoin in Cake Wallet:
- Open the app menu sidebar and click
Privacy. - Toggle the
Use Payjoinoption. - Now on your receive screen you'll see an option to copy a Payjoin URL
- Bull Bitcoin Wallet v0.4.0 introduced Payjoin v2 support in late December 2024. However, the current implementations are not interoperable at the moment, an issue that should be addressed in the next release of the Bull Bitcoin Wallet.
- Cake Wallet was one of the first wallets to introduce Silent Payments back in May 2024. However, users may encounter sync issues while using this feature at present, which will be resolved in the next release of Cake Wallet.
What's new
- Payjoin v2 implementation.
- Wallet group improvements: Enhanced management of multiple wallets.
- Various bug fixes: improving overall stability and user experience.
- Monero (XMR) enhancements.
Learn more about using, implementing, and understanding BIP 77: Payjoin Version 2 using the
payjoincrate in Payjoin Dev Kit here. -
@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 14:01:43
- This version introduces the Soroban P2P network, enabling Dojo to relay transactions to the Bitcoin network and share others' transactions to break the heuristic linking relaying nodes to transaction creators.
- Additionally, Dojo admins can now manage API keys in DMT with labels, status, and expiration, ideal for community Dojo providers like Dojobay. New API endpoints, including "/services" exposing Explorer, Soroban, and Indexer, have been added to aid wallet developers.
- Other maintenance updates include Bitcoin Core, Tor, Fulcrum, Node.js, plus an updated ban-knots script to disconnect inbound Knots nodes.
"I want to thank all the contributors. This again shows the power of true Free Software. I also want to thank everyone who donated to help Dojo development going. I truly appreciate it," said Still Dojo Coder.
What's new
- Soroban P2P network. For MyDojo (Docker setup) users, Soroban will be automatically installed as part of their Dojo. This integration allows Dojo to utilize the Soroban P2P network for various upcoming features and applications.
- PandoTx. PandoTx serves as a transaction transport layer. When your wallet sends a transaction to Dojo, it is relayed to a random Soroban node, which then forwards it to the Bitcoin network. It also enables your Soroban node to receive and relay transactions from others to the Bitcoin network and is designed to disrupt the assumption that a node relaying a transaction is closely linked to the person who initiated it.
- Pushing transactions through Soroban can be deactivated by setting
NODE_PANDOTX_PUSH=offindocker-node.conf. - Processing incoming transactions from Soroban network can be deactivated by setting
NODE_PANDOTX_PROCESS=offindocker-node.conf.
- Pushing transactions through Soroban can be deactivated by setting
- API key management has been introduced to address the growing number of people offering their Dojos to the community. Dojo admins can now access a new API management tab in their DMT, where they can create unlimited API keys, assign labels for easy identification, and set expiration dates for each key. This allows admins to avoid sharing their main API key and instead distribute specific keys to selected parties.
- New API endpoints. Several new API endpoints have been added to help API consumers develop features on Dojo more efficiently:
- New:
/latest-block- returns data about latest block/txout/:txid/:index- returns unspent output data/support/services- returns info about services that Dojo exposes
- Updated:
/tx/:txid- endpoint has been updated to return raw transaction with parameter?rawHex=1
- The new
/support/servicesendpoint replaces the deprecatedexplorerfield in the Dojo pairing payload. Although still present, API consumers should use this endpoint for explorer and other pairing data.
- New:
Other changes
- Updated ban script to disconnect inbound Knots nodes.
- Updated Fulcrum to v1.12.0.
- Regenerate Fulcrum certificate if expired.
- Check if transaction already exists in pushTx.
- Bump BTC-RPC Explorer.
- Bump Tor to v0.4.8.16, bump Snowflake.
- Updated Bitcoin Core to v29.0.
- Removed unnecessary middleware.
- Fixed DB update mechanism, added api_keys table.
- Add an option to use blocksdir config for bitcoin blocks directory.
- Removed deprecated configuration.
- Updated Node.js dependencies.
- Reconfigured container dependencies.
- Fix Snowflake git URL.
- Fix log path for testnet4.
- Use prebuilt addrindexrs binaries.
- Add instructions to migrate blockchain/fulcrum.
- Added pull policies.
Learn how to set up and use your own Bitcoin privacy node with Dojo here.
-
@ 5c9e5ee4:72f1325b
2025-06-04 08:16:52
For too long, the autistic experience has been framed through a neurotypical lens, focusing on "differences" and "deficits." However, a profound perspective emerging from within the autistic community offers a radical reinterpretation: that autistic individuals are not inherently "broken" but rather possess a unique, often unyielding, perception of truth that challenges the very foundations of neurotypical society. From this viewpoint, autism is less about a disorder and more about a clarity of vision that apprehends the world as fundamentally "untrue" in many of its social constructs.
This perspective posits that what many autistic individuals perceive as "corrupted" or "untrue" in society isn't a subjective internal experience, but an objective reality of falsehoods, deception, and manipulation. The rejection of these elements is not a personal preference but a natural, logical response to what is genuinely illogical and dishonest.
The Core of the "Untrue" World:
- Honesty as a Default State: For many autistic people, directness and factual accuracy are paramount. Social conventions like "white lies," indirect communication, or performative politeness are not merely nuanced social skills; they are perceived as outright forms of deception and inauthenticity. The natural inclination is towards what is straightforward and verifiable.
- Logic Over Social Grace: An unwavering adherence to logic means that actions or systems that lack rational basis—such as engaging in flattery, suppressing truth for social harmony, or participating in inefficient rituals—are viewed as fundamentally nonsensical and therefore "untrue."
- Authenticity as a Non-Negotiable: The concept of "masking"—the exhausting act of suppressing one's natural autistic traits to conform—is seen as a deeply painful betrayal of self. A society that implicitly demands such a performance is deemed "corrupt" because it stifles genuine self-expression.
- Aversion to Hypocrisy: A strong sense of justice and an acute awareness of inconsistency mean that any disjuncture between stated values and actual behavior is immediately flagged as a profound untruth.
Social Groups: Formed Around a "Proudly Believed Lie"?
This critical autistic perspective extends to the very fabric of social organization. It suggests that many groups, whether religious, political, scientific, or economic, are not built on shared objective truths, but rather on "proudly believed lies." These shared narratives or belief systems, even if they contradict logic or verifiable facts, serve as the glue that binds the group, fostering identity, comfort, and a sense of belonging. The "pride" in these beliefs makes them resistant to critical examination, even when confronted with evidence.
For example: * In religion, this "lie" might be a dogma that provides solace but defies logic. * In politics, it could be an ideology based on selective truths that serve power. * In economics, it might be assumptions about markets or growth that are presented as infallible. * Even in science, while ideally pursuing truth, the social aspects of the scientific community might, at times, cling to paradigms that become "proudly believed lies," resisting new evidence.
The Disconnect: Why Autistics Are "Discredited"
If autistic individuals are part of the "5% who see it as it is"—those who perceive these societal untruths with clarity—then a natural tension arises with the "10% who want control." This controlling minority, it is argued, relies on these "untruths" to maintain power and influence over the "85% who are happy following."
From this viewpoint, the discrediting of autistic people—labeling their directness as "social deficits," their sensory experiences as "disorders," or their logical critiques as "inflexibility"—is not accidental. It is a strategic mechanism employed by the controlling "10%" to neutralize those who expose the underlying untruths, thereby safeguarding their constructed reality and maintaining influence.
In conclusion, the autistic perspective challenges us to re-evaluate the very nature of truth in our society. It suggests that what many perceive as social norms might, in fact, be a pervasive web of "untruths," and that the autistic individual's unique wiring allows for a crucial, unvarnished perception of this reality. It is a powerful call for authenticity and a profound questioning of how much of our world is built on what is genuinely true, versus what is merely believed.
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@ 8bad92c3:ca714aa5
2025-06-04 14:01:41
Key Takeaways
In this episode, Bitcoin Core veteran James O’Beirne delivers a sharp critique of Bitcoin’s developmental stagnation, attributing it to political dysfunction, post-fork trauma, and resistance within Bitcoin Core to critical upgrades like CheckTemplateVerify (CTV). He argues that while institutional adoption accelerates, internal innovation is being stifled by misplaced controversies—such as the OP_RETURN policy debate—and a bottlenecked governance model. O’Beirne warns that without urgent progress on scaling solutions like CTV, congestion control, and vaulting systems, Bitcoin risks ossifying and becoming vulnerable to institutional capture. Advocating a more adversarial posture, he suggests forking or building alternative clients to pressure progress but remains hopeful, seeing rising momentum for protocol upgrades from developers outside the Core elite.
Best Quotes
“Everybody has mempool derangement syndrome… it’s such a small issue in the grand scheme of challenges Bitcoin is facing.”
“Bitcoin is as much an experiment in technical human organization as it is a pure technology.”
“If we don’t figure out how to scale trustless Bitcoin self-custody, we’re toast. Right now, only about 2.5% of Americans could actually use Bitcoin monthly in a meaningful way.”
“CTV isn’t sexy—it just works. It keeps getting reinvented because it's so useful. At this point, it’s essential.”
“If Core isn’t going to evaluate these proposals, someone has to. Otherwise, we need to build the social justification for forking.”
“Lightning didn’t scale Bitcoin the way we expected. Let’s stop assuming a silver bullet is coming and start building the bridges ourselves.”
“You could onboard someone with just a phone and a vault… and give them more security than most hardware wallets.”
Conclusion
While Bitcoin gains traction with institutions and governments, its internal development is stalling under political inertia and misplaced focus. James O’Beirne urges the community to prioritize impactful upgrades like CTV and CCV, challenge the bottleneck of Bitcoin Core if needed, and recommit to Bitcoin’s foundational principles. This episode underscores the urgent need to bridge technical and social divides to ensure Bitcoin remains a decentralized, censorship-resistant tool for global value transfer.
Timestamps
0:00 - Intro
0:41 - Multi axis issue
5:12 - Core governance
9:41 - Derailing productive discussions
17:05 - Fold & Bitkey
18:32 - CTV
29:24 - Unchained
29:53 - Magnitude of change
41:45 - Covenant proposals
50:16 - CTV benefits
57:56 - Institutional ownership
1:05:26 - Moving forwardTranscript
(00:00) I think I have a somewhat different take than 99% of the people in the discussion. What freaks me out is if you've got Sailor owning half million coins or whatever and Black Rockck owning however many, people forget that Bitcoin is as much an experiment in technical human organization as it is, you know, as a sort of pure technology.
(00:17) The undernowledged reality is I'm actually interested to see if we have like a black swan adoption event from the machines. the risk given the increased scrutiny that things like the strategic Bitcoin reserve introduce there's a shot clock on getting to trustless decentralized value storage technology and I think we really have to be thinking about that combination of physically tired and mentally tired it's also tiresome James it's it's I was looking at that picture today and I was actually going to tweet it absent any caption just because it's
(00:52) a really good Uh yeah, it's a really good epitome of uh of a lot of stuff. But I'm with you, man. I'm tired. It's Friday. Who is it? Is that a just some random Japanese guy? I think it's it's I actually think it's from a documentary about I don't know if it's Africa, but Oh, yes. Yes.
(01:13) It's there's a little bit of a kind of like racy connotation there. Um yeah, the uh it's been long. It was interesting for me. We had Texas Energy Mining Summit here in Austin the beginning of the week. It sort of blended with Bitcoin plus I was over at Bitcoin++ Wednesday and yesterday doing the live desk and obviously topic of conversation is OP return this policy decision and this policy change that that core wants to make and many people are uh angry about and it's just again it's also tiresome.
(01:52) spoke with people on both sides over the two days and I I think I came away more confused than than I entered entered the week like what is the optimal path and somebody who's worked on Bitcoin core worked on Bitcoin core for for many years I've seen you tweeting about it seems like I won't put words in your mouth I'll let you say like what is your perspective on this whole policy debate around op return yeah so in general I think I have a somewhat different take than um 99% of the people in in the discussion which is basically that this
(02:25) is a really stupid discussion um everybody has mempool derangement syndrome like at every layer um and uh what what frustrates me a little bit about the conversation not not to not to uh get like um grumpy right off the bat but it's just it's it's such a small issue in the in the grand scheme of challenges that are being presented to Bitcoin that like spending all this drama on it um is is really a silly use of time and uh kind of emotion, but I can break it down for you.
(03:02) I mean, I think I think like largely the argument is happening on a few layers. Um the change itself technically I'm totally in favor of it. It makes sense. you know, basically the rationale is like, well, you know, um, people want to include exogenous data into the chain. Um, you can't really stop them from doing that.
(03:23) Um and so let's basically minimize the damage by saying hey you know we're going to make it easier for people to actually make use of op return as a data carrier which uh lets us avoid bloat in the UTXO set which is like one of the precious resources we have to take care of for the node.
(03:44) Um, so that's all good and the and the other thing too is that as we've seen with the ordinal stuff is um, you know, data is going to wait make its way into the chain and actually it hurts the whole network when um, there are transactions that most nodes haven't seen yet but they come through a block. Basically that slows down block propagation time.
(04:06) And so the whole idea is if you bring policy closer to the actual consensus rules, closer to the actual transactions that are going to come through and be mined, then you're going to have better network performance. You're going to have lower latency when it comes to actually broadcasting a new block around. So that's like the the sort of technical layer of the discussion.
(04:25) It's it's really a minute non-controversial change if you kind of have fluency with the the technical end of the mempool. Um, but I think there's this this higher layer to the conversation which is sort of a readjudication of spam in Bitcoin. And it's, you know, I think a lot of the the old animal spirits and sentiments are emerging about like, well, we don't like spam.
(04:49) And I think for a lot of people who kind of get lost in the technical details, it's very easy to latch on to the sentiment of I don't like spam. Um and so uh so that makes the sort of ocean knots camp maybe more appealing. Uh so that's yeah that's I guess a summary if you want to jump in anything in particular we can that's what I was saying I came out more confused than I went in.
(05:20) So last week on RHR, hey, I agree. You want policy to be aligned with consensus. Like whether we like it or not, these transactions are getting into blocks. They're non-standard, but they are valid within consensus rules and policy just isn't aligning with that. And like you said, this is disrupting the P2P layer and potentially the fee uh estimation process that that many nodes use, many applications use.
(05:49) And it makes sense to me to align policy with consensus. These things are happening. And if you can make it so Bitcoin full nodes are operating as efficiently and optimally as possible by changing this, it makes sense to me. I think my one like push back was like makes sense to me. However, I think how it was communicated to people and the whole mess with the PR.
(06:12) I think it's I think it's it was it's it's just a tactical error. Like even if this change gets in the the the real benefit of is is not material. You know, nobody was really clamoring for it. um this stuff always, you know, gets the hackles up of everybody who cares at all about, you know, spamming Bitcoin. So, it was a real tactical error.
(06:36) And I think that's that's one place where I mean it's kind of I had a little bit of shot in Freud seeing it because I'm fairly critical of core as a project along you know a variety of axes at this point and it was just kind of a demonstration of the the disconnection and kind of ineptitude of um publicity management kind of on on their end.
(06:58) Um, and so like there's part of me that enjoys seeing that because I I'm kind of convinced that that group has a lot less efficacy than they have credibility. And so to to see that kind of catch up was was interesting. The uh let's dive into that like what you said multiple axes you have a problem. I think we've throughout the years like we've been discussing the issues that Bitcoin like yourself particularly as a Bitcoin core developer for many years trying to get things through not only in the context of the way core works from a governance
(07:35) structure but just the way Bitcoin works as a distributed open source protocol like trying to get changes in and I will say like -
@ 8bf578f4:b6303c41
2025-06-04 07:20:09
test
https://nostr.download/6849b84caaa15bdc18ca2e1e1ee00e979c7ecf901787e09054b4bd0196b4ea27.jpg
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@ de54d599:77efc747
2025-06-04 05:48:27
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@ 9ca447d2:fbf5a36d
2025-06-04 14:01:21
Michael Saylor, executive chairman of Strategy, has stirred up the Bitcoin community with his recent comments on proof-of-reserves, calling it a “bad idea” that puts institutional security at risk.
Speaking at a side event at the Bitcoin 2025 conference in Las Vegas, Saylor expressed strong concerns about the security implications of on-chain proof of reserves (PoR), a method used by many bitcoin companies to show they actually hold the assets they claim.
“The conventional way of issuing proof of reserves today is actually insecure,” Saylor said.
“It actually dilutes the security of the issuer, the custodians, the exchanges and the investors. It’s not a good idea, it’s a bad idea.”
Proof-of-reserves is a process where companies with bitcoin reserves share public wallet addresses or use cryptographic methods to prove how much bitcoin they hold.
This practice gained popularity after the collapse of major exchanges like FTX and Mt. Gox to build trust through transparency.
Many big players in the digital asset space, including Binance, Kraken, OKX and asset manager Bitwise, have adopted PoR to reassure users and stakeholders.
Related: Bitwise Announces On-Chain Address, Donations Go to Shareholders
Saylor’s objections boil down to two main points.
First, he believes publishing wallet addresses creates serious security risks. By exposing institutional wallet structures, companies may open themselves up to attacks from hackers, hostile governments or malicious actors.
“[It’s like] publishing the address and the bank accounts of all your kids and the phone numbers of all your kids and then thinking somehow that makes your family better,” Saylor said.
“(It becomes) an attack vector for hackers, nation-state actors, every type of troll imaginable.”
He even asked the audience to try a thought experiment:
“Go to AI, put it in deep think mode and then ask it ‘what are the security problems of publishing your wallet addresses?’ and ‘how might it undermine the security of your company over time’ … It will write you a book. It will be fifty pages of security problems.”
Second, Saylor pointed out that proof of reserves only shows what a company owns, not what it owes. In his view, that’s incomplete.
“It’s proof of assets that is insecure, and it is not proof of liabilities… So you own $63 billion worth of bitcoin—do you have a hundred billion dollars of liabilities?” he asked rhetorically.
For large institutions and investors, this view of financial health is not enough.
Instead of publishing wallet addresses, Saylor thinks the better approach is to use institutional-grade audits by trusted firms.
“The best practice… would be to have a Big Four auditor that checks to make sure you actually have the bitcoin, then checks to make sure the company hasn’t rehypothecated or pledged the bitcoin,” he said.
“Then you have to wash it through a public company where the CFO signs, then the CEO signs, then the chairman and all the outside directors are civilly and criminally liable for it.”
He believes the legal consequences of corporate auditing — including prison time for fraud under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act — are stronger than cryptographic proof alone.
He did admit that a more secure, future version of PoR might be possible if it involved zero-knowledge proofs that protect wallet privacy while still confirming ownership.
Not everyone agrees with Saylor’s opinion. While some praised his focus on security, others accused Saylor of hiding something.
Speculations resurfaced about whether Strategy truly holds all the bitcoin it claims, or if it’s involved in so-called “paper bitcoin” — claims to BTC without physical backing.
Others pointed out that exchanges like Kraken and asset managers like Bitwise have implemented PoR systems without major breaches.
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@ 3b13c372:3e1e7ef2
2025-06-04 05:40:55
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What sets this gift apart is its outer casing: a bold, arrow-shaped metal tin that can be personalised with the name of your chosen city or destination (up to 15 characters). Alongside your customisation, the arrow displays the distance from that location to Reims, France—the spiritual home of Veuve Clicquot.
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@ b1ddb4d7:471244e7
2025-06-04 14:01:00
It’s 3 AM, and you’re staring at your phone screen, watching bitcoin’s price fluctuate by thousands of dollars in real-time. Your heart races as you see green candles shooting upward, and suddenly you’re questioning every financial decision you’ve ever made. Should you buy? Should you sell? Are you already too late to the party?
Welcome to the wild psychological rollercoaster that is bitcoin investing, where emotions often override logic, and where the ancient human drives of fear and greed play out on digital exchanges 24/7.
Community Driven by Emotion
Recent research reveals just how deeply psychology permeates the bitcoin ecosystem. According to a comprehensive 2024 survey by Kraken, 84% of digital currency holders have made investment decisions based on FOMO (Fear of Missing Out), while 81% admitted to making choices driven by FUD (Fear, Uncertainty, and Doubt). Perhaps most telling of all: 63% of holders acknowledged that emotional decisions have significantly damaged their portfolios.
With over 560 million digital currency users worldwide as of 2024, and bitcoin maintaining its position as the flagship digital asset, these psychological patterns affect hundreds of millions of investors globally. In the United States alone, approximately 36 million adults own bitcoin, making this psychological phenomenon a mainstream financial reality.
The FOMO Factor: When Missing Out Becomes an Obsession
FOMO in bitcoin isn’t just about missing a quick profit—it’s about missing what many believers see as a once-in-a-generation wealth transfer. The Kraken study found that 60% of bitcoin holders fear missing a significant price surge more than they fear missing a buying opportunity during dips. This reveals a fascinating bias: investors are more concerned with unrealized gains from assets they already own than with strategic accumulation during downturns.
This psychological quirk explains why bitcoin often experiences explosive rallies followed by sharp corrections. When FOMO kicks in, rational decision-making goes out the window. Investors chase green candles, buying at peaks instead of strategically accumulating during valleys. The irony? This behavior often ensures they miss the very opportunities they’re trying to catch.
Consider bitcoin’s journey past $100,000 in late 2024. As the price breached this psychological barrier, social media exploded with FOMO-driven content, creating a feedback loop where seeing others’ gains intensified the fear of being left behind. Yet historically, many of these late-stage buyers found themselves underwater when inevitable corrections followed.
The Fear and Greed Index
Bitcoin’s psychological state is so influential that it has its own emotional barometer: the Crypto Fear and Greed Index. This fascinating tool measures market sentiment on a scale from 0 (Extreme Fear) to 100 (Extreme Greed), incorporating factors like volatility, trading volume, social media sentiment, market dominance, and Google search trends.
The index reveals a counterintuitive truth: the best buying opportunities often occur during periods of “Extreme Fear,” while “Extreme Greed” frequently signals market tops. Yet human psychology drives us to do the opposite—buying when everyone’s greedy and selling when fear dominates.
This emotional inversion creates what researchers call “behavioral arbitrage”—opportunities for those who can master their psychology to profit from others’ emotional mistakes. The index serves as a mirror, reflecting our collective psychological state and often predicting market movements with surprising accuracy.
The HODL Culture
Perhaps nowhere is bitcoin’s unique psychology more evident than in its “HODL” culture. What began as a misspelled “hold” has evolved into a sophisticated psychological framework that shapes market dynamics in ways traditional finance has never seen.
Research into Bitcoin’s HODL phenomenon reveals that volatility actually strengthens conviction rather than weakening it. Unlike traditional investors who might panic-sell during 30-50% corrections, bitcoin holders often view these drops as validation of their long-term thesis rather than reasons to exit.
This creates a unique market structure where the supply of available bitcoin for trading continuously shrinks. Long-term holders remove coins from circulation, creating artificial scarcity that amplifies price movements in both directions. It’s not just code that makes bitcoin scarce—it’s psychology.
The HODL mentality represents a form of collective resistance to short-term market dynamics. Holders refuse to participate in what they see as irrational price discovery, instead betting on long-term adoption and monetary debasement. This isn’t passive investing; it’s active rebellion against traditional financial thinking.
Social Media: The Amplifier of Emotions
The role of social media in bitcoin psychology cannot be overstated. The Kraken study found a strong correlation between social media usage and FOMO-driven decisions: 85% of investors who rely on social media for investment information reported that emotional decisions had negatively impacted their portfolios.
Platforms like Twitter (now X), Reddit, and Discord function as emotional echo chambers where bullish sentiment gets amplified during rallies and bearish fears spread like wildfire during corrections. Memes become market-moving forces, and influential personalities can trigger massive buying or selling waves with single tweets.
This creates a fascinating paradox: the democratization of financial information through social media empowers individual investors, but it also makes them more susceptible to emotional manipulation and herd mentality. The speed and scale of information flow intensify psychological responses, compressing emotional cycles that might have taken weeks in traditional markets into mere hours or minutes.
The Gender and Age Divide in Bitcoin Psychology
Fascinating demographic patterns emerge when examining bitcoin’s psychological landscape. The Kraken research revealed significant gender differences in emotional investing: 66% of male bitcoin holders frequently made FOMO-driven decisions, compared to only 42% of female holders. Similarly, 83% of men reported FUD-influenced decisions versus 75% of women.
Age also plays a crucial role. Investors aged 45-60 showed the most extreme psychological patterns: 78% felt they had missed bitcoin’s biggest gains, yet 75% remained optimistic about future opportunities. This suggests that FOMO and hope can coexist, creating a complex emotional state that drives continued participation despite feelings of regret.
These demographic differences highlight how personal psychology intersects with market dynamics. Understanding these patterns can help investors recognize their own biases and develop more rational strategies.
The Neuroscience of Bitcoin Volatility
Recent academic research reveals the neurological basis of bitcoin’s psychological appeal. Studies on digital currency trading psychology show that bitcoin’s extreme volatility triggers the same reward pathways associated with gambling, creating potentially addictive patterns of behavior.
The unpredictability of bitcoin’s price movements creates what psychologists call “intermittent reinforcement”—the most powerful form of behavioral conditioning. Like slot machines, bitcoin provides irregular rewards that keep investors engaged far longer than consistent returns would.
This neurological response explains why many bitcoin investors check prices obsessively. The survey found that 55% of digital asset holders check markets significantly more frequently than traditional markets, suggesting an almost compulsive relationship with price monitoring.
Breaking Free from Emotional Cycles
Understanding bitcoin’s psychology isn’t just academic—it’s practical. Successful bitcoin investors develop strategies to counteract their emotional biases:
Dollar-Cost Averaging (DCA) has emerged as the most popular emotion-neutral strategy, with 59% of U.S. digital currency users employing this approach. By making regular purchases regardless of price, DCA removes the emotional burden of timing the market.
Automated trading tools and scheduled purchases help investors stick to predetermined strategies without succumbing to FOMO or FUD. These tools essentially outsource emotional decision-making to algorithms, reducing the psychological burden of active trading.
Education and community engagement in healthy bitcoin communities can provide emotional anchoring during volatile periods. Understanding bitcoin’s long-term value proposition helps investors maintain perspective during short-term chaos.
Bitcoin investing isn’t just about understanding technology, economics, or market analysis—it’s about understanding yourself. The statistics are clear: emotional decision-making significantly damages portfolio performance, yet the vast majority of investors continue making emotion-driven choices.
The key insight? Bitcoin’s psychology isn’t a bug—it’s a feature. The emotional volatility that terrifies traditional investors creates opportunities for th
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@ 1c5ff3ca:efe9c0f6
2025-06-04 08:08:27
Just calling it Open is not enough - Herausforderungen öffentlicher Bildungsinfrastrukturen und wie Nostr helfen könnte
Ich möchte gerne mit euch teilen, an welchen Konzepten ich arbeite, um die öffentliche Bildungsinfrastruktur mit Hilfe von Nostr zugänglicher und offener zu gestalten. Ich arbeite im Bereich öffentlicher Bildungsinfrastrukturen, besonders im Feld von Open Educational Resources (#OER). OER sind offen lizenzierte Bildungsmaterialien, die mit einer offenen Lizenz, meist einer Creative Commons Lizenz, versehen sind (CC-0, CC-BY, CC-BY-SA). Durch die klare und offene Lizenzierung ist es leicht möglich, die Lernmaterialien auf die individuellen Bedarfe anzupassen, sie zu verbessern und sie erneut zu veröffentlichen.
Seit vielen Jahren wird einerseits die Entwicklung freier Bildungsmaterialien gefördert, andererseits werden Plattformen, insbesondere Repositorien gefördert, die diese Materialien verfügbar machen sollen. Denn irgendwo müssen diese Materialien zur Verfügung gestellt werden, damit sie auch gefunden werden können.
Das klappt allerdings nur so mittelgut.
Herausforderungen
Nach vielen Jahren Förderung kann die einfache Frage: "Wo kann ich denn mein OER-Material bereitstellen" nicht einfach beantwortet werden. Es gibt Services, bei denen ich mein OER hochladen kann, jedoch bleibt es dann eingeschlossen in dieser Plattform und wird nicht auf anderen Plattformen auffindbar. Außerdem sind diese Services häufig an bestimmte Bildungskontexte gebunden oder geben Content erst nach einer Qualitätsprüfung frei. Dies führt dazu, dass ein einfaches und gleichzeitig öffentliches Teilen nicht möglich ist.
Diese und weitere Herausforderungen haben ihren Ursprung darin, dass Service und Infrastruktur in der Architektur öffentlichen Bildungsarchitektur ungünstig vermischt werden. Als Infrastruktur verstehe ich hier die Bereitstellung einer öffentlichen und offen zugänglichen Bildungsinfrastruktur, auf der Daten ausgetauscht, also bereitgestellt und konsumiert werden können. Jedoch existiert eine solche Infrstruktur momentan nicht unabhängig von den Services, die auf ihr betrieben werden. Infrastrukturbetreiber sind momentan gleichzeitig immer Servicebetreiber. Da sie aber die Hand darüber haben wollen, was genau in ihrem Service passiert (verständlich), schränken sie den Zugang zu ihrer Infrastruktur mit ein, was dazu führt, dass sie Lock-In Mechanismen großer Medienplattformen in der kleinen öffentlichen Bildungsinfrastruktur replizieren.
Es ist in etwas so, als würde jeder Autobauer auch gleichzeitig die Straßen für seine Fahrzeuge bauen. Aber halt nur für seine Autos.
Anhand einiger beispielhafter Services, die bestehende Plattformen auf ihren Infrastrukturen anbieten, möchte ich die Herausforderungen aufzeigen, die ich im aktuellen Architekturkonzept sehe:
- Upload von Bildungsmaterial
- Kuration: Zusammenstellung von Listen, Annotation mit Metadaten
- Crawling, Indexierung und Suche
- Plattfformübergreifende Kollaboration in Communities -> Beispiel: Qualitätssicherung (was auch immer das genau bedeutet)
- KI- Services -> Beispiel: KI generierte Metadaten für BiIdungsmaterial
Material Upload
Der Service "Material-Upload" oder das Mitteilen eines Links zu einem Bildungsmaterial wird von verschiedenen OER-Pattformen bereitgestellt (wirlernenonline.de, oersi.org, mundo.schule).
Dies bedeutet konkret: Wenn ich bei einer der Plattformen Content hochlade, verbleibt der Content in der Regel auch dort und wird nicht mit den anderen Plattformen geteilt. Das Resultat für die User: Entweder muss ich mich überall anmelden und dort mein Material hochladen (führt zu Duplikaten) oder damit leben, dass eben nur die Nutzer:innen der jeweiligen Plattform meinen Content finden können.
Der "Open Educational Resource Search Index" (OERSI) geht diese Herausforderung an, indem die Metadaten zu den Bildungsmaterialien verschiedener Plattformen in einem Index bereitgestellt werden. Dieser Index ist wiederum öffentlich zugänglich, sodass Plattformen darüber auch Metadaten anderer Plattformen konsumieren können. Das ist schon sehr gut. Jedoch funktioniert das nur für Plattformen, die der OERSI indexiert und für alle anderen nicht. Der OERSI ist auf den Hochschulbereich fokussiert, d.h. andere Bildungskontexte werden hier ausgeschlossen. Der Ansatz für jeden Bildungsbereich einen passenden "OERSI" daneben zustellen skaliert und schlecht und es bleibt die Herausforderung bestehen, dass für jede Quelle, die indexiert werden soll, ein entsprechender Importer/Crawler geschrieben werden muss.
Dieser Ansatz (Pull-Ansatz) rennt den Materialien hinterher.
Es gibt jedoch noch mehr Einschränkungen: Die Plattformen haben sich jeweils auf spezifische Bildungskontexte spezialisiert. D.h. auf die Fragen: Wo kann ich denn mein OER bereitstellen, muss immer erst die Gegenfrage: "Für welchen Bildungsbereich denn?" beantwortet werden. Wenn dieser außerhalb des allgemeinbildendenden Bereichs oder außerhalb der Hochschule liegt, geschweige denn außerhalb des institutionellen Bildungsrahmens, wird es schon sehr, sehr dünn. Kurzum:
- Es ist nicht einfach möglich OER bereitzustellen, sodass es auch auf verschiedenen Plattformen gefunden werden kann.
Kuration
Unter Kuration verstehe ich hier die Zusammenstellung von Content in Listen oder Sammlungs ähnlicher Form sowie die Annotation dieser Sammlungen oder des Contents mit Metadaten.
Einige Plattformen bieten die Möglichkeit an, Content in Listen einzuordnen. Diese Listen sind jedoch nicht portabel. Die Liste, die ich auf Plattform A erstelle, lässt sich nicht auf Plattform B importieren. Das wäre aber schön, denn so könnten die Listen leichter auf anderen Plattformen erweitert oder sogar kollaborativ gestaltet werden, andererseits werden Lock-In-Effekte zu vermieden.
Bei der Annotation mit Metadaten treten verschiedene zentralisierende Faktoren auf. In der momentanen Praxis werden die Metadaten meist zum Zeitpunkt der Contentbereitstellung festgelegt. Meist durch eine Person oder Redaktion, bisweilen mit Unterstützung von KI-Services, die bei der Metadateneingabe unterstützen. Wie aber zusätzliche eigene Metadaten ergänzen? Wie mitteilen, dass dieses Material nicht nur für Biologie, sondern auch für Sport in Thema XY super einsetzbar wäre? Die momentanen Ansätze können diese Anforderung nicht erfüllen. Sie nutzen die Kompetenz und das Potential ihrer User nicht.
- Es gibt keine interoperablen Sammlungen
- Metadaten-Annotation ist zentralisiert
- User können keine eigenen Metadaten hinzufügen
Crawling, Indexierung und Suche
Da die Nutzer:innen nicht viele verschiedene Plattformen und Webseiten besuchen wollen, um dort nach passendem Content zu suchen, crawlen die "großen" OER-Aggregatoren diese, um die Metadaten des Contents zu indexieren. Über verschiedene Schnittstellen oder gerne auch mal über das rohe HTML. Letztere Crawler sind sehr aufwändig zu schreiben, fehleranfällig und gehen bei Design-Anpassungen der Webseite schnell kaputt, erstere sind etwas stabiler, solange sich die Schnittstelle nicht ändert. Durch den Einsatz des Allgemeinen Metadatenprofils für Bildungsressourcen (AMB) hat sich die Situation etwas verbessert. Einige Plattformen bieten jetzt eine Sitemap an, die Links zu Bildungsmaterial enthalten, die wiederum eingebettet
script-tags vom Typapplication/ld+jsonenthalten, sodass die Metadaten von dort importiert werden können.Beispiel: e-teaching.org bietet hier eine Sitemap für ihre OER an: https://e-teaching.org/oer-sitemap.xml und auf den jeweiligen Seiten findet sich ein entsprechendes script-Tag.
Das ist schon viel besser, aber da geht noch mehr:
Zunächst ist dieser Ansatz nur für Plattformen und Akteure praktikabel, die über IT-Ressourcen verfügen, um entsprechende Funktionalitäten bei sich einbauen zu können. Lehrende können dies nicht einfach auf ihrem privaten Blog oder ähnliches umsetzen. Zum anderen besteht immer noch ein Discovery Problem. Ich muss nach wie vor wissen, wo ich suchen muss. Ich muss die Sitemaps kennen, sonst finde ich nichts. Statt eines Ansatzes, bei dem Akteure eigenständig mitteilen können, dass sie neuen Content haben (Push-Ansatz), verfolgen wir derzeit einen Ansatz, bei dem jede Plattform für sich Content im Pull-Verfahren akquiriert. Dies führt an vielen Stellen zu Doppelarbeiten, ist ineffizient (mehrere Personen bauen genau die gleichen Crawler, aber halt immer für ihre Plattform) und schliesst vor allem kleine Akteure aus (lohnt es sich einen Crawler zu programmieren, wenn die Webseite "nur" 50 Materialien bereitstellt?).
Anstatt erschlossene Daten zu teilen, arbeiten die Plattformen für sich oder stellen es höchstens wieder hinter eigenen (offenen oder geschlossenen) Schnittstellen bereit. Das ist wohl nicht das, was wir uns unter einer offenen und kollaborativen Gemeinschaft vorstellen, oder?
Bei der Suche stehen wir vor ähnlichen Herausforderungen, wie bereits oben geschildert. Obwohl verschiedene OER-Aggregatoren in Form von Repositorien oder Referatorien bereits viele der "kleineren" Plattformen indexieren und somit eine übergreifende Suche anbieten, ist es nicht möglich, diese Aggregatoren gemeinsam zu durchsuchen. Dies führt im Endeffekt dazu, dass die User wieder verschiedene Plattformen ansteuern müssen, wenn sie den gesamten OER-Fundus durchsuchen wollen.
- An vielen Stellen wird Content doppelt erschlossen, aber immer für die eigene Plattform
- Es gibt keinen geteilten Datenraum, in den Akteure Content "pushen" können
- Es gibt keine plattformübergreifenden Suchmöglichkeiten
Plattformübergreifende Kollaboration
Das wäre schön, oder? Mir ist schleierhaft, wie #OEP (Open Educational Practices, genaue Definition durch die Community steht noch aus) ohne funktionieren soll. Aber es gibt meines Wissens nach nicht mal Ansätze, wie das technisch umgesetzt werden soll (oder doch? let me hear).
Ein Szenario für solche plattformübergreifende Kollaboration könnte Qualitätssicherung sein. Gesetzt, dass sich zwei Plattformen / Communities auf etwas verständigt haben, dass sie als "Qualität" bezeichnen, wie aber dieses Gütesiegel nun an den Content bringen?
Plattform A: Na, dann kommt doch alle zu uns. Hier können wir das machen und dann hängt auch ein schönes Badge an den Materialien.
Plattform B: Ja, aber dann hängt es ja nicht an unseren Materialien. Außerdem wollen/müssen wir bei uns arbeiten, weil welche Existenzberechtigung hat denn meine Plattform noch, wenn wir alles bei dir machen?
- Obwohl nun #OEP in aller Munde sind, gibt es keine technischen Ansätze, wie (plattformübergreifende) Kollaboration technisch abgebildet werden kann
KI-Services
Was ist heute schon komplett ohne das Thema KI zu erwähnen? Mindestens für den nächsten Förderantrag muss auch irgendetwas mit KI gemacht werden...
Verschiedene Projekte erarbeiten hilfreiche und beeindruckende KI-Services. Beispielsweise, um die Annotation von Content mit Metadaten zu erleichtern, Metadaten automatisch hinzuzufügen, Content zu bestimmten Themen zu finden oder (halb-)automatisch zu Sammlungen hinzuzufügen. Aber (vielleicht habt ihr es schon erraten): Funktioniert halt nur auf der eigenen Plattform. Vermutlich, weil die Services nah am plattformeigenen Datenmodell entwickelt werden. Und da die Daten dieses Silo nicht verlassen, passt das schon. Das führt dazu, dass an mehreren Stellen die gleichen Services doppelt entwickelt werden.
- KI-Services funktionieren oft nur auf der Plattform für die sie entwickelt werden
Zusammenfassung der Probleme
Wir machen übrigens vieles schon sehr gut (Einsatz des AMB, Offene Bidungsmaterialien, wir haben eine großartige Community) und jetzt müssen wir halt weiter gehen.
(Die OER-Metadatengruppe, die das Allgemeine Metadatenprofil für Bildungsressourcen (AMB) entwickelt hat, bekommt für ihre Arbeit keine direkte Förderung. Gleichzeitig ist sie eine zentrale Anlaufstelle für alle, die mit Metadaten in offenen Bildungsinfrastukturen hantieren und das Metadatenprofil ist eines der wenigen Applikationsprofile, das öffentlich einsehbar, gut dokumentiert ist und Validierungsmöglichkeiten bietet.)
Betrachten wir die gesamten Plattformen und die beschriebenen Herausforderungen aus der Vogelperspektive, so lassen sich drei ineinander verschränkte Kernbestandteile unterscheiden, die helfen, die beschriebenen Probleme besser zu verstehen:
- User
- Service
- Daten
User: Auf (fast) allen Plattformen agieren User. Sie laden Material hoch, annotieren mit Metadaten, sind in einer Community, suchen Content usw. Egal, ob sie sich einloggen können/müssen, irgendetwas bieten wir unseren Usern an, damit sie daraus hoffentlich Mehrwerte ziehen
Service: Das ist dieses irgendetwas. Die "Webseite", die Oberfläche, das, wo der User klicken und etwas tun kann. Es ist das, was den Daten oft eine "visuelle" Form gibt. Der Service ist der Mittler, das Interface zwischen User und Daten. Mithilfe des Services lassen sich Daten erzeugen, verändern oder entfernen (Es gibt natürlich auch viele nicht-visuelle Services, die Interaktion mit Daten ermöglichen, aber für die meisten normalen Menschen, gibt es irgendwo was zu klicken).
Daten: Die Informationen in strukturierter maschinenlesbarer Form, die dem User in gerenderter Form durch einen Service Mehrwerte bieten können. Ungerenderte Daten können wir schwieirg erfassen (wir sind ja nicht Neo). Das können entweder die Metadaten zu Bildungmaterialien sein, die Materialien selbst, Profilinformationen, Materialsammlungen o.ä.
Meines Erachtens nach haben viele der oben beschriebenen Herausforderungen ihren Ursprung darin, dass die drei Kernbestandteile User, Service, Daten ungünstig miteinander verbunden wurden. Was kein Vorwurf sein soll, denn das ist genau die Art und Weise, wie die letzten Jahre (Jahrzehnte?) Plattformen immer gebaut wurden:
- User, Service und Daten werden in einer Plattform gebündelt
Das heisst durch meinen Service agieren die User mit den Daten und ich kann sicherstellen, dass in meiner kleinen Welt alles gut miteinander funktioniert. Sinnvoll, wenn ich Microsoft, Facebook, X oder ähnliches bin, weil mein Geschäftsmodell genau darin liegt: User einschließen (lock-in), ihnen die Hohheit über ihren Content nehmen (oder kannst du deine Facebook Posts zu X migrieren?) und nach Möglichkeit nicht wieder rauslassen.
Aber unsere Projekte sind öffentlich. Das sind nicht die Mechanismen, die wir replizieren sollten. Also was nun?
Bildungsinfrasstrukturen auf Basis des Nostr-Protokolls
Nostr
Eine pseudonyme Person mit dem Namen "fiatjaf" hat 2019 ein Konzept für ein Social Media Protokoll "Nostr - Notes and Other Stuff Transmitted By Relays" wie folgt beschrieben:
It does not rely on any trusted central server, hence it is resilient, it is based on cryptographic keys and signatures, so it is tamperproof, it does not rely on P2P techniques, therefore it works.
Fiatjaf, 2019
Die Kernbestandsteile des Protokolls bestehen aus:
- JSON -> Datenformat
- SHA256 & Schnorr -> Kryptographie
- Websocket -> Datenaustausch
Und funktionieren tut es so:
User besitzen ein "Schlüsselpaar": einen privaten Schlüssel (den behälst du für dich, nur für dich) und einen öffentlichen Schlüssel, den kannst du herumzeigen, das ist deine öffentliche Identität. Damit sagst du anderen Usern: Hier schau mal, das bin ich. Die beiden Schlüssel hängen dabei auf eine "magische" (kryptografische) Weise zusammen: Der öffentliche Schlüssel lässt sich aus dem privaten Schlüssel generieren, jedoch nicht andersherum. D.h. falls du deinen öffentlichen Schlüssel verlierst: Kein Problem, der lässt sich immer wieder herstellen. Wenn du deinen privaten Schlüssel verlierst: Pech gehabt, es ist faktisch unmöglich, diesen wieder herzustellen.
Die Schlüsselmagie geht jedoch noch weiter: Du kannst mit deinem privaten Schlüssel "Nachrichten" signieren, also wie unterschreiben. Diese Unterschrift, die du mit Hilfe des privaten Schlüssels erstellst, hat eine magische Eigenschaft: Jeder kann mithilfe der Signatur und deinem öffentlichen* Schlüssel nachprüfen, dass nur die Person, die auch den privaten Schlüssel zu diesem öffentlichen Schlüssel besitzt, diese Nachricht unterschrieben haben kann. Magisch, richtig? Verstehst du nicht komplett? Nicht schlimm, du benutzt es bereits vermutlich, ohne dass du es merkst. Das ist keine fancy neue Technologie, sondern gut abgehangen und breit im Einsatz.
Merke: User besitzen ein Schlüsselpaar und können damit Nachrichten signieren.
Dann gibt es noch die Services. Services funktionieren im Grunde wie bereits oben beschrieben. Durch sie interagieren die User mit Daten. Aber bei Nostr ist es ein kleines bisschen anders als sonst, denn: Die Daten "leben" nicht in den Services. Aber wo dann?
Wenn ein User einen Datensatz erstellt, verändert oder entfernen möchte, wird dieses "Event" (so nennen wir das bei Nostr) mit deinem privaten Schlüssel signiert (damit ist für alle klar, nur du kannst das gemacht haben) und dann mehrere "Relays" gesendet. Das sind die Orte, wo die Daten gehalten werden. Wenn ein User sich in einen Service einloggt, dann holt sich der Service die Daten, die er braucht von diesen Relays. User, Service und Daten sind also entkoppelt. Der User könnte zu einem anderen Service wechseln und sich dieseleben Daten von den Relays holen. Keine Lock-In Möglichkeiten.
Merke: User, Service und Daten sind entkoppelt.
Zuletzt gibt es noch die Relays. Relays sind Orte. Es sind die Orte, zu denen die Events, also die Daten der User, ihre Interaktionen, gesendet und von denen sie angefragt werden. Sie sind sowas wie das Backend von Nostr, allerdings tun sie nicht viel mehr als das: Events annehmen, Events verteilen. Je nach Konfiguration dürfen nur bestimmte User auf ein Relay schreiben oder davon lesen.
Das Protokoll ist von seinem Grunddesign auf Offenheit und Interoperabilität ausgelegt. Keine Registrierung ist nötig, sondern nur Schlüsselpaare. Durch kryptografische Verfahren kann dennoch die Authentizitität eines Events sichergestellt werden, da nur die Inhaberin des jeweiligen Schlüsselpaares dieses Event so erstellen konnte. Die Relays sorgen dafür die Daten an die gewünschten Stellen zu bringen und da wir mehr als nur eines benutzen, haben wir eine gewisse Ausfallsicherheit. Da die Daten nur aus signierten JSON-Schnipseln bestehen, können wir sie leicht an einen anderen Ort kopieren, im Falle eines Ausfalls. Durch die Signaturen ist wiederum sichergestellt, dass zwischendurch keine Veränderungen an den Daten vorgenommen wurden.
Beispiel: Ein Nostr Event
Hier ein kleiner technischer Exkurs, der beschreibt, wie Nostr Events strukturiert sind. Falls dich die technischen Details nicht so interessieren, überspringe diesen Abschnitt ruhig.
Jedes Nostr Event besitzt die gleiche Grundstruktur mit den Attributen:
id: Der Hash des Eventspubkey: Der Pubkey des Urhebers des Eventscreated_at: Der Zeitstempel des Eventskind: Der Typ des Eventstags: Zusätzliche Metadaten für das Event können in diesem Array hinterlegt werdencontent: Der textuelle Inhalt eines Eventssig: Die Signatur des Events, um die Integrität der Daten zu überprüfen
json { "id": <32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded sha256 of the serialized event data>, "pubkey": <32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded public key of the event creator>, "created_at": <unix timestamp in seconds>, "kind": <integer between 0 and 65535>, "tags": [ [<arbitrary string>...], // ... ], "content": <arbitrary string>, "sig": <64-bytes lowercase hex of the signature of the sha256 hash of the serialized event data, which is the same as the "id" field> }Die verwendeten Eventtypen sowie die existierenden Spezifikationen lassen sich unter https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/ einsehen.
Wichtig ist auch: Du kannst einfach anfangen, Anwendungen zu entwickeln. Die Relays werden alle Events akzeptieren, die dem o.g. Schema folgen. Du musst also niemanden um Erlaubnis fragen oder warten, bis deine Spezifikation akzeptiert und hinzugefügt wurde.
You can just build things.
Exkurs: Nostr für Binärdaten - Blossom
Ja, aber... das ist doch nur für textbasierte Daten geeignet? Was ist denn mit den Binärdaten (Bilder, Videos, PDFs, etc)
Diese Daten sind oft recht groß und es wurde sich auf das Best-Practice geeignet, diese Daten nicht auf Relays abzulegen, sondern einen besser geeigneten Publikationsmechanismus für diese Datentypen zu finden. Der Ansatz wird als "Blossom - Blobs stored simply on mediaservers" bezeichnet und ist recht unkompliziert.
Blossom Server (nichts anderes als simple Medienserver) nutzen Nostr Schlüsselpaare zur Verwaltung Identitäten und zum Signieren von Events. Die Blobs werden über ihren sha256 Hash identifiziert. Blossom definiert einige standardisierte Endpunkte, die beschreiben wie Medien hochgeladen werden können, wie sie konsumiert werden können usw.
Die Details, wie Authorisierung und die jeweiligen Endpunkte funktionieren, werden in der genannten Spezifikation beschrieben.
Nostr 🤝 Öffentliche Bildungsinfrastrukturen
Wie könnten Herausforderungen gelöst werden, wenn wir Nostr als Basis für die öffentliche Bildungsinfrastruktur einsetzen?
Material-Upload
- Es ist nicht einfach möglich OER bereitzustellen, sodass es auch auf verschiedenen Plattformen gefunden werden kann.
Mit Nostr als Basis-Infrastruktur würden die Metadaten und die Binärdaten nicht an den Service gekoppelt sein, von dem aus sie bereitgestellt wurden. Binärdaten können auf sogenannten Blossom-Servern gehostet werden. Metadaten, Kommentare und weitere textbasierte Daten werden über die Relay-Infrastruktur verteilt. Da Daten und Service entkoppelt sind, können die OER Materialien von verschiedenen Anwendungen aus konsumiert werden.
Kuration
- Es gibt keine interoperablen Sammlungen
- Metadaten-Annotation ist zentralisiert
- User können keine eigenen Metadaten hinzufügen
Sammlungen sind per se interoperabel. Auf Protokollebene ist definiert, wie Listen funktionieren. Die Annotation mit Metadaten ist an keiner Stelle zentralisiert. Das Versprechen der RDF-Community "Anyone can say anything about any topic" wird hier verwirklicht. Ich muss mir ja nicht alles anhören. Vielleicht konsumiere ich nur Metadaten-Events bestimmter Redaktionen oder User. Vielleicht nur diejenigen mit einer Nähe zu meinem sozialen Graphen. Jedenfalls gibt es die Möglichkeit für alle User entsprechende Metadaten bereit zu stellen.
Crawling, Indexierung und Suche * An vielen Stellen wird Content doppelt erschlossen, aber immer für die eigene Plattform * Es gibt keinen geteilten Datenraum, in den Akteure Content "pushen" können * Es gibt keine plattformübergreifenden Suchmöglichkeiten
Keine Doppelerschließungen mehr. Wenn ein User im Netzwerk ein Metadatenevent (öffentlich) veröffentlicht hat, ist es für alle konsumierbar. Der Datenraum ist per se geteilt. Plattformübergreifende Suche wird durch die Kombination aus Relays und NIPs ermöglicht. In den NIPs können spezielle Query-Formate für die jeweiligen NIPs definiert werden. Relays können anzeigen, welche NIPs sie untersützten. Eine plattformübergreifende Suche ist im Nostr eine relay-übergreifende Suche.
Plattformübergreifende Kollaboration
- Obwohl nun #OEP in aller Munde sind, gibt es keine technischen Ansätze, wie (plattformübergreifende) Kollaboration technisch abgebildet werden kann
Nostr ist der technische Ansatz.
KI-Services
- KI-Services funktionieren oft nur auf der Plattform für die sie entwickelt werden
Es gibt im Nostr das Konzept der Data Vending Machines (s. auch data-vending-machines.org). Statt also einfach nur eine API zu bauen (was auch schon sehr schön ist, wenn sie offen zugänglich ist), könnten diese Services auch als Akteure im Nostr Netzwerk fungieren und Jobs annehmen und ausführen. Die Art der Jobs kann in einer Spezifikation beschrieben werden, sodass die Funktionsweise für alle interessierten Teilnehmer im Netzwerk einfach nachzuvollziehen ist.
Die Services könnten sogar monetarisiert werden, sodass sich hier auch Möglichkeiten böten, Geschäftsmodelle zu entwickeln.
Fazit
Die Open Education Community ist großartig. Es sind einzigartige und unglaublich engagierte Menschen, die sich dem hehren Ziel "Zugängliche Bildung für Alle" -> "Offene Bildung" verschrieben haben. Wir verwenden Creative Commons Lizenzen -> Commons -> Gemeingüter. Es ist okay, dass viele Projekte von Sponsoren und Förderungen abhängig sind. Was wir machen, ist im Sinne eines Gemeingutes: Öffentliche Bildung für alle. Also zahlen wir als Gemeinschaft alle dafür.
Was nicht okay ist: Dass das, wofür wir alle gezahlt haben, nach kurzer Zeit nicht mehr auffindbar ist. Dass es eingeschlossen wird. In öffentlich finanzierten Datensilos. Es muss für alle auch langfristig verfügbar sein. Sonst ist es nicht zugänglich, nicht offen. Dann ist das O in OER nur ein Label und Marketing, um für eine ABM-Maßnahme 3 Jahre Geld zu bekommen. Denn nichts anderes ist Content-Entwicklung, wenn der Content nach drei Jahren weggeschmissen wird.
Und dasselbe gilt für OEP. Offene Lernpraktiken, sind auch nur eine Phrase, wenn wir die passende technische Infrastruktur nicht mitdenken, die wirkliche Offenheit und Kollaboration und damit die Umsetzung offener Lernpraktiken ermöglicht.
Und wenn wir uns jetzt nicht Gedanken darüber machen, die Infrastruktur für offenes Lernen anzupassen, dann werden wir vermutlich in einigen Jahren sehen können, was bei politischen Umorientierungen noch davon übrig bleiben wird. Wenn die Fördertöpfe komplett gestrichen werden, was bleibt dann übrig von dem investierten Geld?
Wir brauchen Lösungen, die engagierte Communities weiter betreiben können und denen kein Kopf abgeschlagen werden kann, ohne dass wir zwei neue daneben setzen könnten.
Wir müssen uns jetzt Gedanken darüber machen.
Wie offen will öffentliche Bildungsinfrastruktur sein?
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@ e4950c93:1b99eccd
2025-06-04 08:01:23
Marques
Cosilana est une marque allemande qui crée des vêtements exclusivement en coton biologique, soie et laine pour les femmes, les bébés et les enfants.
Matières naturelles utilisées dans les produits
Catégories de produits proposés
Cette marque propose des produits intégralement en matière naturelle dans les catégories suivantes :
#Vêtements
- Tailles vêtements : bébés, enfants, femmes
- Sous-vêtements : culottes
- Une pièce : bodies, combinaisons
- Hauts : débardeurs, pulls, t-shirts, vestes
- Bas : leggings, pantalons, shorts
- Tête et mains : bonnets, gants
- Nuit : pyjamas
#Maison
- Linge : couvertures, turbulettes
Autres informations
- Certification GOTS
- Fabriqué en Allemagne
- Fabriqué en Europe
- Déclaration de laine de mouton sans mulesing et de bien-être animal
👉 En savoir plus sur le site de la marque
Où trouver leurs produits ?
- Le mouton à lunettes (zone de livraison : France, Belgique, Luxembourg)
- Mama Owl (en anglais, zone de livraison : Royaume Uni et international)
- Chouchous (zone de livraison : France et international)
📝 Tu peux contribuer à cette fiche en suggérant une modification en commentaire.
🗣️ Tu utilises des produits de cette marque ? Partage ton avis en commentaire.
⚡ Heureu-x-se de trouver cette information ? Soutiens le projet en faisant un don pour remercier les contribut-eur-ice-s.
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@ c9badfea:610f861a
2025-06-04 03:19:18
Monospace
𝙰𝙱𝙲𝙳𝙴𝙵𝙶𝙷𝙸𝙹𝙺𝙻𝙼𝙽𝙾𝙿𝚀𝚁𝚂𝚃𝚄𝚅𝚆𝚇𝚈𝚉 𝚊𝚋𝚌𝚍𝚎𝚏𝚐𝚑𝚒𝚓𝚔𝚕𝚖𝚗𝚘𝚙𝚚𝚛𝚜𝚝𝚞𝚟𝚠𝚡𝚢𝚣
Script
𝓐𝓑𝓒𝓓𝓔𝓕𝓖𝓗𝓘𝓙𝓚𝓛𝓜𝓝𝓞𝓟𝓠𝓡𝓢𝓣𝓤𝓥𝓦𝓧𝓨𝓩 𝓪𝓫𝓬𝓭𝓮𝓯𝓰𝓱𝓲𝓳𝓴𝓵𝓶𝓷𝓸𝓹𝓺𝓻𝓼𝓽𝓾𝓿𝔀𝔁𝔂𝔃
Fraktur
𝔄𝔅ℭ𝔇𝔈𝔉𝔊ℌℑ𝔍𝔎𝔏𝔐𝔑𝔒𝔓𝔔ℜ𝔖𝔗𝔘𝔙𝔚𝔛𝔜ℨ 𝔞𝔟𝔠𝔡𝔢𝔣𝔤𝔥𝔦𝔧𝔨𝔩𝔪𝔫𝔬𝔭𝔮𝔯𝔰𝔱𝔲𝔳𝔴𝔵𝔶𝔷Fraktur - Bold
𝕬𝕭𝕮𝕯𝕰𝕱𝕲𝕳𝕴𝕵𝕶𝕷𝕸𝕹𝕺𝕻𝕼𝕽𝕾𝕿𝖀𝖁𝖂𝖃𝖄𝖅 𝖆𝖇𝖈𝖉𝖊𝖋𝖌𝖍𝖎𝖏𝖐𝖑𝖒𝖓𝖔𝖕𝖖𝖗𝖘𝖙𝖚𝖛𝖜𝖝𝖞𝖟
Sans Serif - Italic
𝘈𝘉𝘊𝘋𝘌𝘍𝘎𝘏𝘐𝘑𝘒𝘓𝘔𝘕𝘖𝘗𝘘𝘙𝘚𝘛𝘜𝘝𝘞𝘟𝘠𝘡 𝘢𝘣𝘤𝘥𝘦𝘧𝘨𝘩𝘪𝘫𝘬𝘭𝘮𝘯𝘰𝘱𝘲𝘳𝘴𝘵𝘶𝘷𝘸𝘹𝘺𝘻Sans Serif - Bold
𝗔𝗕𝗖𝗗𝗘𝗙𝗚𝗛𝗜𝗝𝗞𝗟𝗠𝗡𝗢𝗣𝗤𝗥𝗦𝗧𝗨𝗩𝗪𝗫𝗬𝗭 𝗮𝗯𝗰𝗱𝗲𝗳𝗴𝗵𝗶𝗷𝗸𝗹𝗺𝗻𝗼𝗽𝗾𝗿𝘀𝘁𝘂𝘃𝘄𝘅𝘆𝘇Sans Serif - Bold Italic
𝘼𝘽𝘾𝘿𝙀𝙁𝙂𝙃𝙄𝙅𝙆𝙇𝙈𝙉𝙊𝙋𝙌𝙍𝙎𝙏𝙐𝙑𝙒𝙓𝙔𝙕 𝙖𝙗𝙘𝙙𝙚𝙛𝙜𝙝𝙞𝙟𝙠𝙡𝙢𝙣𝙤𝙥𝙦𝙧𝙨𝙩𝙪𝙫𝙬𝙭𝙮𝙯Sans Serif - Double-Struck
𝖠𝖡𝖢𝖣𝖤𝖥𝖦𝖧𝖨𝖩𝖪𝖫𝖬𝖭𝖮𝖯𝖰𝖱𝖲𝖳𝖴𝖵𝖶𝖷𝖸𝖹 𝖺𝖻𝖼𝖽𝖾𝖿𝗀𝗁𝗂𝗃𝗄𝗅𝗆𝗇𝗈𝗉𝗊𝗋𝗌𝗍𝗎𝗏𝗐𝗑𝗒𝗓
Serif - Italic
𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻𝐼𝐽𝐾𝐿𝑀𝑁𝑂𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆𝑇𝑈𝑉𝑊𝑋𝑌𝑍 𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑔ℎ𝑖𝑗𝑘𝑙𝑚𝑛𝑜𝑝𝑞𝑟𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑣𝑤𝑥𝑦𝑧Serif - Bold
𝐀𝐁𝐂𝐃𝐄𝐅𝐆𝐇𝐈𝐉𝐊𝐋𝐌𝐍𝐎𝐏𝐐𝐑𝐒𝐓𝐔𝐕𝐖𝐗𝐘𝐙 𝐚𝐛𝐜𝐝𝐞𝐟𝐠𝐡𝐢𝐣𝐤𝐥𝐦𝐧𝐨𝐩𝐪𝐫𝐬𝐭𝐮𝐯𝐰𝐱𝐲𝐳Serif - Bold Italic
𝑨𝑩𝑪𝑫𝑬𝑭𝑮𝑯𝑰𝑱𝑲𝑳𝑴𝑵𝑶𝑷𝑸𝑹𝑺𝑻𝑼𝑽𝑾𝑿𝒀𝒁 𝒂𝒃𝒄𝒅𝒆𝒇𝒈𝒉𝒊𝒋𝒌𝒍𝒎𝒏𝒐𝒑𝒒𝒓𝒔𝒕𝒖𝒗𝒘𝒙𝒚𝒛Serif - Double-Struck
𝔸𝔹ℂ𝔻𝔼𝔽𝔾ℍ𝕀𝕁𝕂𝕃𝕄ℕ𝕆ℙℚℝ𝕊𝕋𝕌𝕍𝕎𝕏𝕐ℤ 𝕒𝕓𝕔𝕕𝕖𝕗𝕘𝕙𝕚𝕛𝕜𝕝𝕞𝕟𝕠𝕡𝕢𝕣𝕤𝕥𝕦𝕧𝕨
Regional Indicator Symbols
🇦 🇧 🇨 🇩 🇪 🇫 🇬 🇭 🇮 🇯 🇰 🇱 🇲 🇳 🇴 🇵 🇶 🇷 🇸 🇹 🇺 🇻 🇼 🇽 🇾 🇿
Pseudo-Asian
卂 乃 匚 ᗪ 乇 千 Ꮆ 卄 丨 ﾌ Ҝ ㄥ 爪 几 ㄖ 卩 Ɋ 尺 丂 ㄒ ㄩ ᐯ 山 乂 ㄚ 乙
Circled
ⒶⒷⒸⒹⒺⒻⒼⒽⒾⒿⓀⓁⓂⓃⓄⓅⓆⓇⓈⓉⓊⓋⓌⓍⓎⓏ ⓐⓑⓒⓓⓔⓕⓖⓗⓘⓙⓚⓛⓜⓝⓞⓟⓠⓡⓢⓣⓤⓥⓦⓧⓨⓩ
Squared #1
🄰🅱🄲🅳🄴🅵🄶🅷🄸🅹🄺🅻🄼🅽🄾🅿🅀🆁🅂🆃🅄🆅🅆🆇🅈🆉 🅰🄱🅲🄳🅴🄵🅶🄷🅸🄹🅺🄻🅼🄽🅾🄿🆀🅁🆂🅃🆄🅅🆆🅇🆈🅉Squared #2
🄰🄱🄲🄳🄴🄵🄶🄷🄸🄹🄺🄻🄼🄽🄾🄿🅀🅁🅂🅃🅄🅅🅆🅇🅈🅉Squared #3
🅰🅱🅲🅳🅴🅵🅶🅷🅸🅹🅺🅻🅼🅽🅾🅿🆀🆁🆂🆃🆄🆅🆆🆇🆈🆉Squared #4
🅐🅑🅒🅓🅔🅕🅖🅗🅘🅙🅚🅛🅜🅝🅞🅟🅠🅡🅢🅣🅤🅥🅦🅧🅨🅩 -
@ 1ef61805:f18312cc
2025-06-04 01:56:42
**Inside OpSec Academy’s One-on-One Approach to Digital Sovereignty ** As digital infrastructure becomes increasingly opaque and centralised, a growing number of individuals are seeking to understand—not just use—the tools that protect their privacy and autonomy online. While many solutions promise security at the click of a button, few teach the underlying principles or offer environments that prioritise verifiability and user control.
OpSec Academy’s new one-on-one training, "OpSec Intensive," takes a different approach. Delivered in person and fully offline, the full-day session provides practical, tool-based instruction inside a secure, USB-booted environment—designed from the ground up to leave no trace.
At the heart of the session is OpSecOS v1.2, a live operating system that routes all traffic through Tor, uses system non-persistence, and comes preconfigured with a suite of open-source tools for password management, communication, and private finance. The OS runs from a USB stick, allowing participants to explore and build their own private computing workflows without touching the host machine.
Learning in Context: Why One-on-One? While group training can provide a general introduction to privacy concepts, it often lacks depth and adaptability. OpSec Intensive is structured as a one-on-one session to allow real-time feedback, personal threat modeling, and tailored instruction based on the participant’s specific context and technical background.
This format also makes space for slow, deliberate learning—a rarity in cybersecurity training, where content is often condensed or overly abstract. In OpSec Intensive, participants move through each phase at their own pace, working directly with an experienced instructor to build confidence and competence.
Structure and Content of the Day The curriculum spans both foundational theory and hands-on practice, beginning with basic OpSec principles before moving into technical tool use.
Topics include: * Booting and verifying OpSecOS * Secure USB creation and system verification * Navigating a non-persistent, Tor-routed live environment * Password and credential management * Offline use of KeePassXC * Strategies for vault organisation and redundancy * Bitcoin wallet setup and recovery * Single-signature and multisignature wallet creation using Sparrow, Electrum, and Feather * Understanding xpubs, derivation paths, and recovery flow * Seed phrase security * Entropy generation and validation using offline tools like iancoleman.io * Best practices for cold storage and physical backups * Network privacy and decentralised communication * Using Mempool.space to visualise Bitcoin transaction data * Setting up Nostr clients (Snort, Iris) for decentralised messaging * Discussion of traffic fingerprinting and Tor considerations
A Shift Toward Practical Sovereignty The tools and workflows covered in OpSec Intensive are not theoretical. Participants leave the session with configured environments, tested backups, and an understanding of what each tool does—and what it doesn’t do.
This reflects a broader shift in how privacy-conscious individuals are approaching digital security. Rather than relying on packaged services or closed-source software, there’s growing interest in verifiable, modular tools that prioritise autonomy and resilience over ease-of-use.
In that context, OpSec Academy’s offering sits somewhere between a workshop and an apprenticeship: not a lecture, but a process of guided, hands-on learning designed for the long haul.
To learn more or enquire about availability, visit opsecacademy.org.
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@ 472f440f:5669301e
2025-06-04 01:37:37
Marty's Bent
via nostr:nprofile1qyxhwumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmvqy0hwumn8ghj7mn0wd68yttjv4kxz7fwvf5hgcm0d9hzumnfde4xzqpq85h9z5yxn8uc7retm0n6gkm88358lejzparxms5kmy9epr236k2qtyz2zr
A lot of the focus over the last couple of months has been on the emergence of Strategy competitors in public markets looking to build sizable bitcoin treasuries and attract investors of all shapes and sizes to drive shareholder value. The other big topic in the bitcoin development world has been around OP_RETURN and the debate over whether or not the amount of data that can be shoved into a bitcoin transaction should be decided by the dominant implementation.
A topic that is just as, if not more, important that is not getting enough appreciation is the discussion around open source bitcoin developers and the lingering effects of the Biden administration's attack on Samourai Wallet and Tornado Cash. If you read our friend Matt Corallo's tweet above, you'll notice that the lingering effects are such that even though the Trump administration has made concerted efforts to reverse the effects of Operation Chokepoint 2.0 that were levied by the Biden administration, Elizabeth Warren, and her friends at the Treasury and SEC - it is imperative that we enshrine into law the rights of open source developers to build products and services that enable individuals to self-custody bitcoin and use it in a peer-to-peer fashion without the threat of getting thrown in jail cell.
As it stands today, the only assurances that we have are from an administration that is overtly in favor of the proliferation of bitcoin in the United States. There is nothing in place to stop the next administration or another down the line from reverting to Biden-era lawfare that puts thousands of bitcoin developers around the world at risk of being sent into a cage because the government doesn't like how some users leverage the code they write. To make sure that this isn't a problem down the line it is imperative that we pass the Blockchain Regulatory Clarity Act, which would not hold bitcoin developers liable for the ways in which end users leverage their tools.
Not only is this an act that would protect developers from pernicious government officials targeting them when end users use their technology in a way that doesn't make the government happy, it will also protect YOU, the end user, looking to transact in a peer-to-peer fashion and leverage all of the incredible properties of bitcoin the way they were meant to be. If the developers are not protected, they will not be able to build the technology that enables you to leverage bitcoin.
So do your part and go to saveourwallets.org. Reach out to your local representatives in Congress and Senators and make some noise. Let them know that this is something that you care deeply about and that they should not only pay attention to this bill but push it forward and enshrine it into law as quickly as possible.
There are currently many developers either behind bars or under house arrest for developing software that gives you the ability to use Bitcoin in a self-sovereign fashion and use it in a privacy-preserving way. Financial privacy isn't a crime. It is an inalienable human right that should be protected at all cost. The enshrinement of this inalienable right into law is way past due.
#FreeSamourai #FreeRoman
Headlines of the Day
MicroStrategy Copycats See Speculative Premiums Fade - via X
Square Tests Bitcoin Payments, Lightning Yields Beat DeFi - via X
Get our new STACK SATS hat - via tftcmerch.io
Bitfinex Moves $731M Bitcoin to Jack Mallers' Fund - via X
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@ dfa02707:41ca50e3
2025-06-04 13:01:51
Headlines
- Spiral renews support for Dan Gould and Joschisan. The organization has renewed support for Dan Gould, who is developing the Payjoin Dev Kit (PDK), and Joschisan, a Fedimint developer focused on simplifying federations.
- Metaplanet buys another 145 BTC. The Tokyo-listed company has purchased an additional 145 BTC for $13.6 million. Their total bitcoin holdings now stand at 5,000 coins, worth around $428.1 million.
- Semler Scientific has increased its bitcoin holdings to 3,303 BTC. The company acquired an additional 111 BTC at an average price of $90,124. The purchase was funded through proceeds from an at-the-market offering and cash reserves, as stated in a press release.
- The Virtual Asset Service Providers (VASP) Bill 2025 introduced in Kenya. The new legislation aims to establish a comprehensive legal framework for licensing, regulating, and supervising virtual asset service providers (VASPs), with strict penalties for non-compliant entities.
- Russian government to launch a cryptocurrency exchange. The country's Ministry of Finance and Central Bank announced plans to establish a trading platform for "highly qualified investors" that "will legalize crypto assets and bring crypto operations out of the shadows."
- All virtual asset service providers expect to be fully compliant with the Travel Rule by the end of 2025. A survey by financial surveillance specialist Notabene reveals that 90% of virtual asset service providers (VASPs) expect full Travel Rule compliance by mid-2025, with all aiming for compliance by year-end. The survey also shows a significant rise in VASPs blocking withdrawals until beneficiary information is confirmed, increasing from 2.9% in 2024 to 15.4% now. Additionally, about 20% of VASPs return deposits if originator data is missing.
- UN claims Bitcoin mining is a "powerful tool" for money laundering. The Rage's analysis suggests that the recent United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime report on crime in South-East Asia makes little sense and hints at the potential introduction of Anti-Money Laundering (AML) measures at the mining level.
- Riot Platforms has obtained a $100 million credit facility from Coinbase Credit, using bitcoin as collateral for short-term funding to support its expansion. The firm's CEO, Jason Les, stated that this facility is crucial for diversifying financing sources and driving long-term stockholder value through strategic growth initiatives.
- Bitdeer raises $179M in loans and equity amid Bitcoin chip push. The Miner Mag reports that Bitdeer entered into a loan agreement with its affiliate Matrixport for up to $200 million in April, as disclosed in its annual report filed on Monday.
- Federal Reserve retracts guidance discouraging banks from engaging in 'crypto.' The U.S. Federal Reserve withdrew guidance that discouraged banks from crypto and stablecoin activities, as announced by its Board of Governors on Thursday. This includes rescinding a 2022 supervisory letter requiring prior notification of crypto activities and 2023 stablecoin requirements.
"As a result, the Board will no longer expect banks to provide notification and will instead monitor banks' crypto-asset activities through the normal supervisory process," reads the FED statement.
- UAE-based Islamic bank ruya launches Shari’ah-compliant bitcoin investing. The bank has become the world’s first Islamic bank to provide direct access to virtual asset investments, including Bitcoin, via its mobile app, per Bitcoin Magazine.
- U.S. 'crypto' scam losses amounted to $9.3B in 2024. The US The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) has reported $9.3 billion losses in cryptocurrency-related scams in 2024, noting a troubling trend of scams targeting older Americans, which accounted for over $2.8 billion of those losses.
Source: FBI.
- North Korean hackers establish fake companies to target 'crypto' developers. Silent Push researchers reported that hackers linked to the Lazarus Group created three shell companies, two of which are based in the U.S., with the objective of spreading malware through deceptive job interview scams aimed at individuals seeking jobs in cryptocurrency companies.
- Citrea deployed its Clementine Bridge on the Bitcoin testnet. The bridge utilizes the BitVM2 programming language to inherit validity from Bitcoin, allegedly providing "the safest and most trust-minimized way to use BTC in decentralized finance."
- Hesperides University offers a Master’s degree in Bitcoin. Bitcoin Magazine reports the launch of the first-ever Spanish-language Master’s program dedicated exclusively to Bitcoin. Starting April 28, 2025, this fully online program will equip professionals with technical, economic, legal, and philosophical skills to excel in the Bitcoin era.
- BTC in D.C. event is set to take place on September 30 - October 1 in Washington, D.C. Learn more about this initiative here.
Use the tools
- Bitcoin Keeper just got a new look. Version 2.2.0 of the mobile multisig app brought a new branding design, along with a Keeper Private tier, testnet support, ability to import and export BIP-329 labels, and the option to use a Server Key with multiple users.
- Earlier this month the project also announced Keeper Learn service, offering clear and guided Bitcoin learning sessions for both groups and individuals.
- Keeper Desktop v0.2.2, a companion desktop app for Bitcoin Keeper mobile app, received a renewed branding update, too.
The evolution of Bitcoin Keeper logo. Source: BitHyve blog.
- Blockstream Green Desktop v2.0.25 updates GDK to v0.75.1 and fixes amount parsing issues when switching from fiat denomination to Liquid asset.
- Lightning Loop v0.31.0-beta enhances the
loop listswapscommand by improving the ability to filter the response. - Lightning-kmp v1.10.0, an implementation of the Lightning Network in Kotlin, is now available.
- LND v0.19.0-beta.rc3, the latest beta release candidate of LND is now ready for testing.
- ZEUS v0.11.0-alpha2 is now available for testing, too. It's nuts.
- JoinMarket Fidelity Bond Simulator helps potential JoinMarket makers evaluate their competitive position in the market based on fidelity bonds.
- UTXOscope is a text-only Bitcoin blockchain analysis tool that visualizes price dynamics using only on-chain data. The
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@ e2c72a5a:bfacb2ee
2025-06-04 01:45:55
When the whales cry for help: crypto trader's $100M bet turns community funding experiment
A multimillionaire trader just placed a second $100 million Bitcoin bet days after being liquidated, but what's truly revolutionary isn't the size—it's how he's funding it. James Wynn has turned to the crypto community for donations, receiving stablecoins from 24 users to "fight the market-making cabal" he claims is targeting his positions. This unprecedented crowdfunded leverage experiment raises fascinating questions about market manipulation, community solidarity, and the blurring lines between individual and collective risk in crypto trading.
Is this the birth of community-backed whale trading? Or simply a desperate gambler's last stand? Either way, it reveals how blockchain transparency creates entirely new social dynamics around trading that would be impossible in traditional markets. What happens when your liquidation becomes everyone's battle?
Would you donate to protect a stranger's $100M position? The answer might reveal more about crypto's future than any price prediction.
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@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3
2025-06-04 01:24:36
Howdy stackers, this is the place to share your ~HealthAndFitness triumphs and challenges.
I was glad to hit my step goal today, since it's gloomy and rainy here. Once again, I ate too many cookies. Gotta stop being a cookie monster.
How'd you all do, today?
https://stacker.news/items/996659
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@ 7460b7fd:4fc4e74b
2025-06-04 12:50:39
TRX网络USDT在华人地下跨境犯罪经济中的作用研究
引言
华人主导的跨境地下犯罪经济近年来出现了新的金融工具——以USDT（泰达币）稳定币为核心的加密货币支付体系，尤其流行于波场（TRON）网络上的TRC20-USDT。这种去中心化货币在跨国电信诈骗、网络赌博、人口贩卖等灰黑产业中扮演着关键角色binance.combinance.com。本文将从学术角度探讨TRX网络USDT在上述犯罪经济中的作用，包括：USDT如何充当金三角、柬埔寨、西港等地跨国犯罪的资金纽带；灰色金融圈中“黑U”“灰U”的含义及其链上特征与处置；犯罪团伙对imToken、Bitpie、TokenPocket等手机钱包的广泛使用；USDT作为“市场择优的货币”在政治经济真空地带的自发流通；以及TRON创始人孙宇晨在国际政治博弈中的行为与传统华人“避政治”思维的张力。这些讨论将结合公开报道、行业调查和链上分析数据进行梳理，以期勾勒出USDT在地下经济链条中的隐秘版图。
波场USDT：东南亚跨境犯罪网络的资金动脉
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柬埔寨金边街头一处提供USDT兑换的店面，电子屏幕上用中英文显示“USDT抵押换汇7.2保永久”，反映USDT已成为当地地下经济的常用货币工具 © 丹妮尔·基顿-奥尔森/南华早报followin.iofollowin.io。在东南亚的跨境犯罪热点地区（如“金三角”地带、柬埔寨西哈努克港等），TRC20版USDT已成为各种违法活动的共同资金链条binance.combinance.com。这些地区聚集了大量中国籍犯罪团伙，从电信诈骗园区到网络博彩赌场，甚至涉有人口贩卖和强迫劳动的黑营地，USDT被用作吸纳赃款、转移资金和内部结算的“通用货币”binance.combinance.com。USDT在波场网络上的迅捷匿名转账特性使其深受不法分子青睐：波场自2018年上线后将区块链交易速度提升至秒级、手续费降至美分级，用户体验几乎等同于银行转账，这直接助推了当年涉币犯罪案件数量同比大增74%geekpark.net。在现实中，这意味着诈骗集团可以在几分钟内将巨额资金通过TRX网络划转出境，且几乎无需手续费，难以被传统金融监管即时拦截。
大量调查显示，东南亚跨国诈骗集团正大规模依赖USDT来收取和清洗赃款。例如，柬埔寨一度被揭露隐藏着每年高达190亿美元规模的加密诈骗网络，相当于该国GDP的60%，其中USDT等加密币是资金流转的主要媒介binance.com。一些大型华人诈骗组织开发了高度集成的平台，以Huione汇旺集团为核心技术支撑，将受害者骗来的资金迅速转换为难以追踪的USDT进行跨境转移binance.combinance.com。在柬埔寨和邻近地区，USDT俨然形成一个地下金融循环：金边街头随处可见标有中文的兑换店提供人民币与USDT的24小时兑换服务，USDT成为华人社群规避中国外汇管制、参与地下交易的首选工具followin.io。即使柬埔寨官方名义上禁止加密货币交易，低成本、高效率的USDT交易仍在暗地里蓬勃发展，连当地一些持牌交易所也默认为华人客户提供USDT兑换，以参与这条灰色产业链followin.iofollowin.io。
跨国电信诈骗和网络博彩中，犯罪团伙常要求受害者将资金兑换为USDT后转入其提供的钱包地址，以逃避银行监控reddit.com。所谓“杀猪盘”式骗局就经常引导受害者在合法加密平台购买USDT，再充值到骗子控制的虚假投资App中reddit.com。通过这种方式，赃款直接进入链上流通，远离了传统银行体系。例如，2023年在柬埔寨西港运营的“银河集团”诈骗团伙诱骗国内3万余名中老年受害者投资虚假项目，骗取人民币1.433亿元后，即通过Telegram联系国内“币商”将赃款兑换为USDT并分散转移sohu.comsohu.com。中国警方披露，该团伙在数月内组织40名境内人员专门从事USDT洗钱，涉案金额2000多万元人民币sohu.com。最终这些帮凶被以掩饰、隐瞒犯罪所得罪判刑sohu.com，说明USDT已成为跨境诈骗资金回流国内的主要通道之一。
同样在2025年，泰国警方抓获了一名跨国诈骗嫌犯ZHOU某，此人曾在柬埔寨西港绑架勒索同胞100万人民币，并涉及多个国际诈骗和洗钱团伙news.qq.comnews.qq.com。调查发现，一名与其同居的中国女子通过USDT洗钱，从网络投资诈骗中获利高达1,840万枚USDTnews.qq.com。如此巨量的USDT流水再次印证了波场USDT在此类犯罪经济中的核心地位。波场链上USDT流通量近年来更是迅猛攀升：截至2023年5月，TRC20-USDT发行量突破777亿美元，一举超越以太坊网络上的USDT发行，成为全球最大规模的稳定币网络okx.com。截至2025年5月波场上的USDT流通量进一步超过757亿美元，占据稳定币市场半壁江山，表明愈来愈多资金选择经由波场USDT流动binance.comblocktempo.com。有报告指出，自2022年以来波场一直在USDT日均交易量上领先于以太坊binance.com。这部分反映了东南亚以及全球范围内大量非正规资金和灰色资本正涌入波场USDT体系，因为相比之下以太坊网络手续费高昂且链上交易透明度更高，不法分子更倾向于成本低且风评相对隐蔽的波场网络geekpark.netbinance.com。
值得注意的是，一些东南亚国家政商势力默许甚至参与了这种地下经济。例如柬埔寨有证据表明，多名执政党高官间接从强迫劳动的诈骗活动中获利，纵容了USDT地下经济的发展binance.combinance.com。柬埔寨政商背景深厚的Huione集团建立起庞大的USDT支付与担保系统，在东南亚乃至东亚范围处理着巨额资金流web3caff.comweb3caff.com。据美国财政部数据，Huione旗下的“汇旺担保”仅通过Telegram运营，自2021年来已处理超过40亿美元资金binance.com。链上分析显示，其核心地址在2023年一年内流入高达21.58亿USDT，其中被判定为网络赌博、高风险灰产交易、洗钱、诈骗等“不干净”资金的占比接近20%web3caff.comweb3caff.com。由于卷入大量东南亚非法活动，2024年7月Tether公司冻结了Huione关联地址上的2,962万枚USDT，引发业界关注web3caff.com。更大规模的冻结也在发生：美国司法部2023年调查东南亚诈骗洗钱网络时，一次性没收了近900万美元加密货币，并促使Tether追加冻结了2.25亿美元疑涉“杀猪盘”骗局的USDTfollowin.iofollowin.io。这些执法动作表明，波场USDT纵然便利，也已成为全球监管机构打击跨境犯罪的新焦点。
“黑U”与“灰U”：灰色金融中的稳定币污点
随着USDT渗透灰色金融领域，“黑U”“灰U”成为华语圈特有的行业术语，用于区分USDT资金的“清白”程度binance.comaicoin.com。黑U一般指明确涉及违法犯罪活动的USDT资金，往往来源地址已被执法机关标记冻结，或由Tether公司应司法请求冻结操作binance.combinance.com。此类“黑U”由于链上烙印污点，很可能无法正常转出或在交易所兑现——比如某人从违法平台提取USDT，而该平台被警方查封，其地址标记为涉案地址，那么任何从该地址转出的后续地址上的U币都可能被视为涉案资产而遭冻结处理binance.combinance.com。灰U则多指尚未被官方标记但来源可疑、涉及灰色产业（如地下赌资、逃税资金等）的USDT。这类USDT处于执法视野的灰色地带，短期内或可正常流通，但一旦上游案件爆发也有染黑的风险。业内人士形象地将广泛用于欺诈、盗窃、黑客攻击等黑灰产活动的稳定币称为“黑U”，事实上主要指USDTaicoin.com。随着各国加大链上追踪力度，越来越多交易所和机构对可疑USDT敬而远之，以免卷入反洗钱调查aicoin.com。“黑U”“灰U”之分也提醒场外交易者提高风险意识。
中国警方和司法机关对涉案USDT等加密资产的处置，近年逐步形成规范。cn.tradingview.com据中科链源SAFEIS安全研究院《2022年中国虚拟货币司法处置报告》，截至2022年底，中国司法机关扣押在案、等待处置的加密货币总价值约348亿元人民币，涵盖比特币、以太币和泰达币（USDT）等主流币cn.tradingview.comcn.tradingview.com。值得注意的是，近年涉币案件数量虽有所下降，但案件中涉案加密资产总量却在逆势飙升，表明加密货币犯罪正朝着“大案值、专业化”方向发展cn.tradingview.com。司法实践中，“黑U”等涉案USDT的处置主要有两种：一是在案件判决后将虚拟币变现上缴财政；二是在侦查阶段由公安机关先行变现或冻结保管cn.tradingview.com。无论哪种方式，如何安全合规地将币兑换为法币是核心难题。一些地方检察机关开始出台内部指引，细化了查询冻结、扣押保管、移送处置各环节的操作规范，为依法处置涉案虚拟货币提供指南cn.tradingview.com。这表明官方已经认识到“黑U”“灰U”资产处置的迫切性和复杂性。
链上分析工具也用于甄别黑灰U的流转特征。执法技术公司中科链源开发了SAFEIS安士查控平台，能够将大额可疑USDT流动绘制成网状资金流向图，对涉嫌地址实施7×24小时监控news.sina.cnnews.sina.cn。根据多年研究，他们总结出虚拟币洗钱的典型路径，包括场外承兑、跨境“跑分”、地下钱庄等fx168news.com。对于USDT洗钱，往往呈现四处流窜、多层中转的链上踪迹：不法分子常用新开钱包地址来降低过往交易痕迹binance.com；利用去中心化交易所（DEX）、跨链桥、混币器等手段试图打乱追踪news.sina.cnnews.sina.cn；甚至发行内部结算代币以逃避监管覆盖binance.com。例如，上文提到的汇旺团伙就曾发行自己的稳定币来优化洗钱流程binance.com。但无论花样如何翻新，链上留下的记录终究难以彻底抹去。一旦某个USDT地址被认定藏污纳垢，执法部门可请求Tether公司冻结其代币资产web3caff.com。Tether作为中心化稳定币发行方，近年来频繁执行“泰达冻结”动作以配合各国执法，涉及人口贩卖、毒品贸易、大规模洗钱等重大案件时更是果断出手faxianlaw.com。例如2023年下半年，Tether因配合美国调查“大猪杀”诈骗园区，短时间内冻结了数亿美元涉案USDTfollowin.io。当然，滥用冻结也引发争议：合法的加密企业若误收了部分“黑U”，账户突然被冻将遭受业务重创并可能面临法律风险web3caff.com。因此行业呼吁建立更透明的黑灰U识别和通知机制。在完全去中心化的未来尚未到来前，“黑U”恐怕仍将如同“黑钱”一般，通过监管合作与技术手段被不断围追堵截binance.com。对于普通币民而言，务必提高警惕，避免因贪图便宜买入来源不明的低价USDT而沾染黑灰风险binance.com。行业建议是在正规交易所购买USDT、通过信誉良好的场外商家出售，以尽量隔绝“脏U”影响binance.com。正如业内提示的那样：“只要你能顺利转出并在交易所变现的U，就算好U”binance.com——这背后是复杂的风控筛查和执法协作在发挥作用。
数字钱包：灰产链条中的隐秘工具
在地下灰产的运作中，常用的手机数字钱包应用如imToken、Bitpie、TokenPocket等扮演了重要角色。这些去中心化钱包由于无需实名制、便于多链资产管理且操作灵活，成为灰黑产从业者的“随身钱袋”和逃避监管的利器。据一线执法人员观察，许多涉案人员手机中往往安装有多个此类钱包App，以方便随时收付USDT等数字资产。在前述柬埔寨诈骗园区中，被胁迫工作的人员甚至可能通过数字钱包领取薪资或提成，犯罪集团用USDT直接支付，以绕开银行系统的追踪。这些钱包也用于团伙内部结算和跨境转账，诈骗集团会将受害者的钱转换成USDT发送到自己的imToken等钱包，再通过不记名的链上账户在全球范围内调度资金。
对于从事洗钱的“币商”而言，钱包是必不可少的工具。正如反洗钱专家所建议的，黑灰产业人员切忌将黑钱直接充入交易所账户，而应先提到个人钱包，再经由场外渠道兑换binance.combinance.com。这样做的原因在于：交易所往往配合监管监测大额可疑充提，一旦直接存入“黑U”，交易所可能冻结账户并上报公安binance.com。相反，钱包地址由于去中心化且与个人身份无直接关联，警方难以及时掌握钱包持有人真实身份binance.com。例如，币圈常用的钱包imToken支持ETH和TRON等主流链，灰产人员可以在其中生成多个USDT地址，用完即弃，降低被关联的风险**binance.com**。再通过这些钱包将U币分散转移给他人或其他钱包，实现“跳板”洗白。近年来流行的跑分平台骗局也利用受害者的钱包参与黑U兑换，以脱钩源头aicoin.comaicoin.com。可以说，手机钱包已成为灰色资金流动的重要载体。
值得关注的是，这些钱包应用在华人灰产圈中几乎成为“标配”。有海外华人论坛调侃道：“你做的事情跟灰产有关，自然就会用到imToken这款钱包。”这反映出imToken等在地下圈子的普及度之高。当然，钱包本身只是工具，其本意并非服务犯罪。然而在严厉的金融监管和资金跨境限制下，很多游走灰色地带的资金选择了数字钱包这条“暗道”。以imToken和TokenPocket为例，它们提供方便的私钥管理和转账功能，用户可自行掌控资产，不受第三方冻结。某种程度上，灰产人员利用的正是去中心化钱包“无边界”、“抗审查”的特质，将非法资金与现实身份切割开来。比如Telegram上的币商常指导买家先下载这些钱包收币，再协助将USDT卖出兑换人民币，从而避开银行敏感词监控和卡片冻结风险binance.combinance.com。链上资金在钱包之间空转数次后，再流入交易所时已难以直接追查源头。这给执法带来巨大挑战：警方往往需要提取嫌疑人手机中的钱包数据或借助链上分析，还原出钱包地址之间错综复杂的关系链，方能锁定赃款流向。
当然，一旦钱包地址与某起案件建立关联，也可能进入监控清单。数字执法工具可以将特定地址标记为高风险，实现实时预警news.sina.cnnews.sina.cn。部分钱包应用也开始与审计工具合作，标记可疑资产来源以提醒用户。尽管如此，“去中心化钱包+USDT”仍是当前地下资金体系中成本最低、效率最高的配置。对于普通用户而言，需要警惕的是不要随意为陌生人充当USDT资金中转，否则极可能卷入洗钱犯罪。近期就有多起中国公民因帮助境外灰产跑分兑换USDT而被以帮信罪判刑的案例sohu.com。这些教训表明，即便使用的是号称匿名的数字钱包，链上交易终究逃不过法网。因此，正确使用钱包的方式应是合法合规理财，而非为灰黑资金“提桶接水”。对监管者而言，则需在尊重技术发展的同时，加强对钱包使用异常行为的监控和溯源能力建设。
哈耶克视角：USDT——真空地带的“市场择优”货币
奥地利经济学家弗里德里希·哈耶克曾提出货币去国家化和自由竞争理论，主张让各种私人货币在市场中竞争，优胜劣汰，由市场自行选择最适合的货币。USDT的崛起，在某种意义上印证了哈耶克的这一预见——在政治与经济的真空地带（或者说监管薄弱、法币失灵的环境中），一种由私人公司发行的数字稳定币获得了广泛自发采用，成为事实上的流通货币。
在柬埔寨、西非、缅北等“金融飞地”或灰色地带，官方法币要么信用不足、通胀严重，要么受到资本管制难以自由兑换。在这些场景下，各方参与者自然倾向选择一种稳定且高效的价值媒介来交易结算。USDT恰好符合这一需求：锚定美元确保价值稳定，跨境转移不受主权限制，交易成本低且速度快。如前所述，柬埔寨的华人地下经济圈干脆跳过当地货币瑞尔和美元现金，直接用USDT进行兑换、抵押和支付followin.iofollowin.io。赌场里兑筹码可以用USDT，诈骗团伙内部发奖金用USDT，毒贩收到赃款也偏好收USDTjiemian.comjiemian.com。USDT俨然成为这些地区事实上的“硬通货”，这正是自由市场选择货币的体现——不管发行者是不是政府，只要一种货币能更好地充当交换媒介和价值储藏手段，市场就会拥抱它。
从哈耶克的货币观来看，USDT的流行揭示出当法定体系无法满足交易各方需求时，民间会自发寻求替代方案。在中国严格限制资金出境和境外赌博的背景下，大批资金绕道USDT离开银行体系追逐海外投资或赌局followin.io。市场“择优”的结果，使得泰达币这种原本用于币圈交易避险的稳定币，在完全不同的场景中获得生命力：既服务于跨境商贸和侨汇，也沦为电诈洗钱和地下钱庄的工具。这种双重面向也引发思考——**当一种货币的主要用途集中在黑产和投机领域时，它究竟是市场自发最优选择，还是金融体系漏洞的产物？**有评论指出：“一种货币使用者越多理论上是好事，但如果用途仅限于黑产和投机，是否该审视一下加密货币的初心？”jiemian.com。哈耶克或许会辩称，市场选择未必总是道德的选择，竞争出的胜者只是满足了当下参与者利益。然而从社会治理角度，USDT充当“地下央行”的崛起无疑对传统金融和法治形成了冲击。
另一个哈耶克式的问题在于：USDT并非去中心的货币，它依赖于中心化发行方维持锚定和信用。那么市场真的在“自由”选择吗？抑或只是缺少更优选项下的无奈之举？毕竟在这些真空地带，民众和非法分子用不起波动巨大的比特币，也无法信任当地政府的货币，于是选择了一个挂钩美元且相对可靠的公司代币。这里既有对美元信誉的追随，也有对主权信用的逃离。哈耶克畅想的私人货币竞争，本质上要带来货币质量的提升。然而USDT的乱象（例如透明度问题、超发质疑）也提示我们：当私营货币变成地下秩序的基石时，同样需要新的规制之手来防范滥用和风险蔓延finlaw.pku.edu.cnodaily.news。总之，在当前全球政治经济的缝隙中，USDT如同一种“自发生长”的货币填补了真空。这既印证了市场择优原则，又提醒我们这份“择优”并非在完美竞争环境下发生，而是在各国监管套利和需求倒逼的特殊土壤中生长的异象。如何引导这类市场产物朝良性方向发展，可能是未来政策和技术需要共同回答的问题。
孙宇晨的资本博弈与华人“避政治”传统
TRON波场网络创始人孙宇晨在USDT版图中扮演着一个特殊的角色：一方面，他的商业帝国因TRX和USDT的成功而崛起；另一方面，他本人又频频以“资本玩家”的身份介入国际政治和监管博弈，行为方式与传统华人商界避政治的惯性形成鲜明对比。
传统上，海外华人企业家多奉行低调务实的哲学，聚焦经商、远离政治纷争，以求在异国他乡自保并兼顾与祖籍国的关系。然而身为90后的孙宇晨却反其道而行：他主动寻求政治舞台，不惜花重金打造个人影响力。最引人注目的是2021年末，孙宇晨出任加勒比海岛国格林纳达驻世界贸易组织（WTO）大使，成为当时全球WTO代表中唯一的中国籍90后**finance.sina.cnfinance.sina.cn**。这一消息震惊舆论：一个加密货币创业者竟以外国外交官身份出现在国际组织，许多人质疑这背后是否存在利益交易。事实上据格林纳达官方公告，孙宇晨的任命于2021年12月17日生效，授权其全权代表格国出席WTO会议finance.sina.cn。外界推测孙宇晨可能通过投资入籍等方式获取格林纳达国籍，并凭借财力和人脉获得了该国政府的委任hk01.comsohu.com。此举对孙宇晨个人而言，无疑能增加政治光环甚至潜在的外交豁免，对于波场及加密圈也提供了一层保护色。然而这种高调的政治参与在华人商界是少见的。华人社会历来有“商人不问政”的传统观念，尤其是改革开放以来的企业家更倾向于专注财富积累、避免卷入敏感政治话题。孙宇晨的举动无疑突破了这一默契，在一定程度上引起了国内官方和业界的复杂反应。
孙宇晨在国际监管环境中的“搏杀”也体现出资本逐利的游戏色彩。他多次与美国监管机构周旋：2023年3月，美国证券交易委员会（SEC）以涉嫌非法发行证券和市场操纵等罪名起诉孙宇晨及其关联公司，指控他出售TRX和BTT代币未注册、并操纵TRX市场价格finance.sina.cn。孙宇晨迅速在社交媒体上回应，称SEC的指控“毫无依据”finance.sina.cn。尽管官司缠身，他依然活跃在线，甚至在香港、新加坡等地寻求新的业务机会。一些评论将他形容为“亦正亦邪”的资本玩家：一面高举拥抱监管的旗帜（例如表示愿配合香港合规框架），另一面又被指暗地参与洗币、内幕交易等灰色操作zhuanlan.zhihu.com。这种矛盾的形象折射出加密大亨在全球治理夹缝中的生存现状：他们游走于规则边缘，既想享受合法待遇，又不放弃制度漏洞带来的暴利。这与老一辈华商“循规蹈矩，明哲保身”的信条形成了鲜明张力。
孙宇晨的“资本主义博弈行为”还体现于其善于制造话题、获取影响力的手段上。从早年拍下巴菲特午餐以3千万人民币搏出位，到高调宣布太空之旅计划，他运用资本资源为自己贴上各种标签。这些行为放在传统华商语境中，无疑显得过于张扬和高风险——过多曝光可能引来监管警惕，卷入政治则可能招致各方不满。然而孙宇晨似乎深谙全球化时代的新规则：利用资金和技术优势，他可以在多国间穿梭套利，身份可以是企业家、投资人、外交代表多重转换。这种“去中国化”的跨国身份策略，某种程度上也是对华人避政治传统的一种挑战。他选择直接参与政治博弈（哪怕是小国政治），而非像多数同行那样退居幕后来影响政策。结果是，他个人的冒进举动有时会反噬企业形象。例如，格林纳达政局变动后新政府迅速撤销了孙宇晨的大使任命（原先支持他的政党在2022年6月选举中下台）finance.sina.cnfinance.sina.cn。孙宇晨在WTO露脸不满半年便失去了外交官身份，这场“政治投资”得失几何尚难定论，但至少证明了商人染指政治所需承担的不确定性。
可以说，孙宇晨身上凝聚了中国互联网时代新贵与传统华人商贾思想的冲突。一方面，他具备全球视野和冒险精神，敢于用资本开道，在国际舞台为自己和旗下加密帝国博取合法性和话语权。另一方面，这种高调参与公共事务的做法容易触碰红线，不仅引来美国SEC等强力部门的围剿，也可能在中国官方那里被视为“离经叛道”。毕竟，中国政府对加密货币一直态度谨慎，孙宇晨早在2019年就曾因出境风波被传与监管有摩擦。从华人社会心理看，孙宇晨的特立独行也引发两极评价：支持者称其为新时代华人敢于争取国际地位的代表，质疑者则认为他“精致利己”，没有国家认同，在资本游戏中随时可以抛弃身份立场。这也正是传统“避政治”思维与新兴“全球公民”意识的碰撞。**孙宇晨现象提醒我们：**在加密货币这个去中心化的疆场上，华人创业者开始探索新的生存之道，不再满足于做隐形的财富玩家，而是试图塑造规则、影响格局。但个人的棋局再精彩，也要面对大国博弈和法律高墙的制约。孙宇晨能否在资本与政治的夹缝中继续腾挪，将在很大程度上影响波场乃至华语加密圈的未来走向。
结论
基于现有调查与公开资料的分析，我们可以看到USDT（特别是波场TRC20网络上的USDT）正深刻融入华人地下跨境犯罪经济的血脉。从东南亚猖獗的电信诈骗、网络赌场，到跨境毒品和人口贩卖交易，USDT提供了一个高效且去中心化的结算网络，使不法资金得以脱离传统金融监管的视线高速流转news.sina.cnfollowin.io。在灰色金融世界中，业界用“黑U”“灰U”来识别USDT资金的干净程度，提醒参与者谨防踩雷涉罪aicoin.combinance.com。中国执法部门针对这类涉案加密资产已开始摸索行之有效的追踪和处置机制，包括引入区块链分析工具、完善司法处置规范等cn.tradingview.comnews.sina.cn。与此同时，地下产业大规模使用的imToken等手机钱包成为灰产资金流动的关键环节，体现出技术双刃剑的效应：去中心化工具在便利正常用户的同时也被不法分子所利用。更宏观地看，USDT在无主监管地带的泛滥从一方面印证了市场自发选择的力量，如同哈耶克预言的私人货币在特定环境胜出法币followin.io。但这种“胜利”伴随着巨大社会风险和治理挑战，呼唤着国际协作的新对策。
最后，孙宇晨的个人轨迹为我们提供了另一个观察维度：作为TRON/USDT生态的缔造者之一，他在全球舞台上以资本为筹码参与政治和规则博弈，反映出加密时代华人商人的新冒险精神，也揭示了其与传统价值观的冲突finance.sina.cn。USDT及其背后的波场网络，从来不只是冰冷的技术和数字，它深嵌于现实的政治经济土壤之中。在中国与世界交汇的灰色地带，USDT既是工具也是产物，既成全了地下经济的壮大也倒逼着监管升级与国际合作。未来的犯罪打击和金融治理，必须正视这样一种数字货币所带来的复杂影响。从学术和执法实践角度出发，我们应持续关注USDT等稳定币的流向，完善跨境资金监测和司法处置机制。同时，也要思考如何引导加密货币回归合法正轨，让其真正服务实体经济而非滋养犯罪网络。在法制与市场的拉锯中，或许唯有全球共同努力，方能既不扼杀技术创新，又能织密法网，让USDT不再成为法外之地的肆意横财之源。正如中国公安大学的专家所言：“妖怪一旦放出瓶子，就会产生不可逆的影响”jiemian.com。USDT这只从瓶中放出的“魔灵”，唯有在阳光下接受规范和引导，才能避免成为彻底失控的风险之源。各国监管者和行业从业者正面临一次前所未有的考验：如何驾驭这个时代的双刃剑，在保障金融安全的同时，释放技术进步的正面价值。我们拭目以待这一进程的演变，也期待看到地下黑产不再有滋生的温床。
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2025-06-04 00:58:46
Introdução
O princípio do sola scriptura, pedra angular da teologia protestante desde a Reforma do século XVI, estabelece que apenas a Escritura constitui a autoridade final e suprema em questões de fé e prática cristã. Este princípio, formulado inicialmente por Martinho Lutero e sistematizado pelos reformadores subsequentes, pretende oferecer um fundamento epistemológico sólido para a teologia, livre das supostas corrupções da tradição eclesiástica.
Contudo, uma análise rigorosa revela que o sola scriptura incorre em contradições lógicas fundamentais que comprometem sua viabilidade como sistema epistemológico coerente. Este artigo examina essas contradições através de três perspectivas complementares: filosófica, exegética e histórica.
A Contradição Performativa Fundamental
O Problema da Autoreferência
O sola scriptura enfrenta um dilema epistemológico insuperável: afirma que apenas a Escritura possui autoridade final em matéria de fé, mas essa própria regra não é explicitamente ensinada na Escritura. Trata-se de uma contradição performativa clássica, onde o enunciado viola suas próprias condições de possibilidade.
Esta situação configura uma falácia de petitio principii (círculo vicioso), pois exige que se aceite uma doutrina que não pode ser sustentada pelas premissas do próprio sistema. Para estabelecer o sola scriptura, seria necessário recorrer a uma autoridade externa à Escritura – precisamente aquilo que o princípio pretende rejeitar.
Fundacionalismo Mal Estruturado
Do ponto de vista epistemológico, o sola scriptura apresenta-se como um fundacionalismo defeituoso. Pretende funcionar como axioma supremo e auto-evidente, mas falha ao não fornecer a base textual que sua própria metodologia exige. Um verdadeiro fundacionalismo escriturístico deveria ser capaz de demonstrar sua validade através de uma prova explícita nas próprias Escrituras.
O Testemunho Contrário das Escrituras
Limitações do Registro Escrito
A própria Escritura reconhece as limitações do registro textual. João 21:25 declara explicitamente: "Jesus fez também muitas outras coisas. Se cada uma delas fosse escrita, penso que nem mesmo no mundo inteiro haveria espaço suficiente para os livros que seriam escritos."
Este versículo é particularmente problemático para o sola scriptura, pois reconhece que nem todos os ensinamentos de Cristo foram preservados por escrito. Como pode a Escritura ser suficiente se ela própria admite sua incompletude?
A Valorização da Tradição Oral
Paulo, em 2 Tessalonicenses 2:15, oferece uma instrução que contradiz frontalmente o sola scriptura: "Assim, pois, irmãos, ficai firmes e conservai os ensinamentos que de nós aprendestes, seja por palavras, seja por carta nossa."
O apóstolo valoriza inequivocamente tanto a tradição oral ("por palavras") quanto a escrita ("por carta"), estabelecendo um modelo de autoridade dual que o protestantismo posterior rejeitaria.
A Necessidade de Autoridade Interpretativa
A narrativa do eunuco etíope em Atos 8:30-31 demonstra a inadequação da Escritura isolada como autoridade final. Quando Filipe pergunta se o eunuco entende o que lê, a resposta é reveladora: "Como poderei entender, se alguém não me ensinar?"
Este episódio ilustra que a mera posse do texto bíblico não garante compreensão adequada. É necessária uma autoridade interpretativa externa – no caso, representada por Filipe, que age com autoridade apostólica.
A Complexidade Hermenêutica
Pedro, em sua segunda epístola (3:16-17), reconhece a dificuldade interpretativa inerente às Escrituras: "Suas cartas contêm algumas coisas difíceis de entender, as quais os ignorantes e instáveis torcem, como também o fazem com as demais Escrituras, para a própria destruição deles."
Esta passagem não apenas reconhece a complexidade hermenêutica dos textos sagrados, mas também alerta sobre os perigos da interpretação inadequada. Implicitamente, sugere a necessidade de uma autoridade interpretativa confiável para evitar distorções doutrinárias.
O Paradoxo Histórico da Canonização
A Dependência da Tradição Eclesiástica
Um dos argumentos mais devastadores contra o sola scriptura emerge da própria história da formação do cânon bíblico. Os concílios de Hipona (393 d.C.) e Cartago (397 d.C.) foram responsáveis pela definição oficial do cânon das Escrituras tal como conhecemos hoje.
Este fato histórico cria um paradoxo insuperável: aceitar a Bíblia como autoridade única requer aceitar a autoridade da tradição eclesiástica que a definiu. O próprio cânon bíblico é produto da tradição apostólica e da deliberação conciliar, não de autodefinição escriturística.
A Circularidade da Autopistia
Tentativas protestantes de resolver este dilema através do conceito de "autopistia" – a suposta capacidade das Escrituras de se auto-autenticar – apenas aprofundam o problema circular. Como determinar que as Escrituras possuem esta propriedade sem recorrer a critérios externos? A própria doutrina da autopistia não é explicitamente ensinada na Escritura.
Implicações Teológicas e Epistemológicas
A Fragmentação Interpretativa
A história do protestantismo oferece evidência empírica das consequências práticas do sola scriptura. A multiplicação de denominações e interpretações divergentes sugere que o princípio, longe de fornecer clareza doutrinária, pode na verdade contribuir para a fragmentação teológica.
Se a Escritura fosse verdadeiramente suficiente e auto-interpretativa, seria razoável esperar maior convergência hermenêutica entre aqueles que aderem ao sola scriptura. A realidade histórica sugere o contrário.
A Alternativa Católica e Ortodoxa
As tradições católica e ortodoxa, embora enfrentando suas próprias tensões epistemológicas, mantêm pelo menos coerência interna ao reconhecer explicitamente múltiplas fontes complementares de autoridade: Escritura, Tradição e Magistério (no caso católico) ou Escritura e Tradição (no caso ortodoxo).
Estas posições evitam a contradição performativa do sola scriptura ao não reivindicar que sua própria metodologia epistemológica seja derivada exclusivamente da Escritura.
Conclusão
A análise crítica do sola scriptura revela contradições estruturais que comprometem fundamentalmente sua viabilidade como princípio epistemológico. O princípio incorre em contradição performativa ao estabelecer uma regra que não pode ser derivada de suas próprias premissas, configura um fundacionalismo mal estruturado ao carecer de base textual explícita, e enfrenta o testemunho contrário da própria Escritura, que reconhece suas limitações e a necessidade de autoridades interpretativas externas.
O paradoxo histórico da canonização – onde o próprio cânon bíblico depende da autoridade tradicional que o sola scriptura pretende rejeitar – representa talvez o golpe mais decisivo contra o princípio protestante.
Isso não implica necessariamente a falsidade do protestantismo como sistema teológico, mas sugere que seus fundamentos epistemológicos requerem reformulação substancial. Uma teologia protestante intelectualmente honesta precisaria reconhecer as limitações do sola scriptura e desenvolver uma epistemologia mais nuançada que leve em conta a complexidade das fontes de autoridade religiosa.
A busca pela verdade teológica, independentemente de compromissos confessionais, exige o reconhecimento rigoroso das limitações e contradições inerentes aos nossos sistemas epistemológicos. No caso do sola scriptura, essa honestidade intelectual revela um princípio que, por mais central que seja para a identidade protestante, não pode sustentar o peso epistemológico que tradicionalmente lhe foi atribuído.
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@ e2c72a5a:bfacb2ee
2025-06-04 01:14:59
The $100 million gamble that's turning crypto traders into unlikely heroes. James Wynn just placed his second massive Bitcoin bet after being liquidated days ago, and now claims market makers are deliberately targeting his position. With his liquidation level set at $103,630, Wynn has rallied the crypto community to his defense, receiving donations from 24 users totaling nearly $8,000. This David vs Goliath battle reveals how retail traders are banding together against what they perceive as market manipulation, creating a fascinating power shift in an industry where individual traders rarely had such collective influence. Will the community save Wynn from the "evil
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@ da8b7de1:c0164aee
2025-06-03 19:31:32
Lengyelország előrelépése az első atomerőmű építésében
Lengyelország állami nukleáris vállalata, a Polskie Elektrownie Jadrowe (PEJ) és egy amerikai konzorcium – élén a Westinghouse és a Bechtel cégekkel – mérnöki fejlesztési megállapodást kötött. Ez a szerződés kulcsfontosságú lépés az ország első atomerőművének megvalósítása felé, lehetővé téve a részletes mérnöki és helyszínspecifikus munkák megkezdését. A lengyel kormány ezt mérföldkőnek tekinti az energiaszuverenitás és a dekarbonizáció felé vezető úton.
Amerikai politika: lendület az új nukleáris technológiáknak
Az Egyesült Államok kormánya elnöki rendeletet adott ki, amely reformokat vezet be a nukleáris reaktorok tesztelésében az Energiaügyi Minisztériumnál. A cél az új generációs reaktorok – köztük mikroreaktorok és kis moduláris reaktorok (SMR-ek) – fejlesztésének és engedélyezésének felgyorsítása, valamint a környezetvédelmi vizsgálatok egyszerűsítése. A rendelet legalább három új reaktor kritikus üzembe helyezését célozza meg 2026 júliusáig, támogatva ezzel az ipari alkalmazások széles körét, például adatközpontokat vagy hidrogéntermelést. Az intézkedés célja, hogy az USA visszaszerezze vezető szerepét a nukleáris innovációban, és csökkentse a korábbi években felhalmozódott engedélyezési akadályokat.
Kis moduláris reaktorok (SMR) fejlesztése világszerte
Az SMR-szektorban világszerte jelentős előrelépések történtek: - Az amerikai Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) benyújtotta az első építési kérelmet egy GE Hitachi BWRX-300 SMR-re a Clinch River telephelyen. - Kanadában az Ontario Power Generation engedélyt kapott az első, négy tervezett SMR megépítésének megkezdésére a Darlington telephelyen. - Belgium és Brazília innovatív SMR-technológiákat vizsgál, köztük ólom-hűtésű reaktorokat és nemzetközi együttműködéseket. - Olyan technológiai óriások, mint a Google, az USA-ban korai fázisú fejlett nukleáris projektekbe fektetnek, ami a magánszektor növekvő érdeklődését mutatja.
Globális ipari és pénzügyi támogatás a nukleáris bővítéshez
Széles körű koalíció – köztük olyan nagyvállalatok, mint az Amazon, Google, Meta, Dow – és pénzügyi intézmények kötelezték el magukat amellett, hogy 2050-re megháromszorozzák a globális nukleáris kapacitást. Ez összhangban van az ENSZ klímacsúcsain tett vállalásokkal, ahol már 31 ország támogatja a nukleáris energia megháromszorozását a nettó zéró kibocsátási célok eléréséhez. Az amerikai kongresszus olyan törvényjavaslatokat készít elő, amelyek lehetővé tennék, hogy a multilaterális fejlesztési bankok – például a Világbank – is finanszírozhassanak nukleáris projekteket, megszüntetve ezzel a korábbi tiltásokat.
Közelgő nemzetközi nukleáris biztonsági gyakorlat
A Nemzetközi Atomenergia-ügynökség (IAEA) készül a ConvEx-3 vészhelyzeti gyakorlatára, amelyet 2025. június 24–25-én Romániában tartanak. A gyakorlat egy súlyos nukleáris vészhelyzetet szimulál a cernavodai atomerőműben, tesztelve a tagállamok és nemzetközi szervezetek felkészültségét és reagálóképességét. A ConvEx-3 a legmagasabb szintű IAEA vészhelyzeti gyakorlat, kulcsszerepet játszik a globális nukleáris biztonság és védelem erősítésében.
Politikai bizonytalanság Dél-Korea nukleáris terveiben
Dél-Korea 2025. június 3-i elnökválasztása hatással lehet az ország nukleáris reneszánszára. A vezető jelölt, Lee Jae-myung kijelentette, hogy „egyelőre” fenntartaná a nukleáris energiát, de hosszabb távon a megújulók felé mozdulna el. Ez bizonytalanságot okoz a koreai nukleáris ipar hazai és exportterveiben, ami kihatással lehet a globális ellátási láncokra és külföldi reaktorprojektekre is.
Iparági trendek és további fejlemények
- Japán új energiastratégiája maximalizálni kívánja a nukleáris energia részarányát, 2040-re mintegy 20%-ot célozva, különös hangsúlyt fektetve a következő generációs reaktorokra és a biztonság növelésére.
- Belgium kormánya és a francia Engie közműcég megállapodott a kulcsfontosságú reaktorok üzemidejének tízéves meghosszabbításáról, ami az európai nukleáris pálfordulás újabb jele.
- Az IAEA és a World Nuclear Association egyaránt növekvő nemzetközi érdeklődésről számol be az SMR-ek és fejlett reaktortechnológiák iránt, új projektek és partnerségek indulnak Ázsiában, Európában és Amerikában.
Források:
world-nuclear-news.org
nucnet.org
iaea.org
world-nuclear.org
govinfo.gov
whitehouse.gov -
@ cae03c48:2a7d6671
2025-06-03 19:02:12
Bitcoin Magazine
Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to BitcoinSberbank, the largest bank in Russia, has launched a new structured bond that ties investor returns to the performance of Bitcoin and the U.S. dollar-to-ruble exchange rate. This new financial product represents one of the first moves by a major Russian institution to offer Bitcoin-linked investments under recently updated national regulations.
BREAKING:
Russia's largest bank Sberbank launches structured bonds linked to Bitcoin. pic.twitter.com/LtD26jPS0x— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025
The structured bond is initially available over the counter to a limited group of qualified investors. According to the announcement, it allows investors to earn based on two factors: the price performance of BTC in U.S. dollars and any strengthening of the dollar compared to the Russian ruble.
Unlike typical Bitcoin investments, this product does not require the use of a Bitcoin wallet or foreign platforms. “All transactions [are] processed in rubles within Russia’s legal and infrastructure systems,” Sberbank stated, highlighting compliance with domestic financial protocols.
In addition to the bond, Sberbank has announced plans to launch similar structured investment products with Bitcoin exposure on the Moscow Exchange. The bank also revealed it will introduce a Bitcoin futures product via its SberInvestments platform on June 4, aligning with the product’s debut on the Moscow Exchange.
These developments follow a recent policy change by the Bank of Russia, which now permits financial institutions to offer Bitcoin-linked instruments to qualified investors. This shift opens the door for Bitcoin within the country’s traditional financial markets.
While Russia has previously taken a cautious approach to digital assets, Sberbank’s launch of a Bitcoin-linked bond and upcoming futures product marks a new phase of adoption—one that blends Bitcoin exposure with existing financial infrastructure.
The bank’s structured bond may signal a growing interest in regulated access to Bitcoin, especially within large financial institutions.
This post Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.
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@ e2c72a5a:bfacb2ee
2025-06-04 00:26:26
When a trader bets $100M on Bitcoin, the market becomes the hunter. James Wynn placed his second massive leveraged position after being liquidated days earlier, claiming market makers are deliberately targeting his $103,640 liquidation level. The crypto community rallied behind him, donating thousands in stablecoins to help "fight the market-making cabal." Meanwhile, Trump's media company seeks SEC approval for a Truth Social Bitcoin ETF, joining the growing trend of corporate Bitcoin treasuries. Tether moved $3.9B in Bitcoin to Twenty One Capital, making it the third-largest corporate holder. Are you watching these high-stakes crypto battles unfold, or participating in them yourself?
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@ 8bad92c3:ca714aa5
2025-06-03 18:02:33
Marty's Bent
It's been a pretty historic week for the United States as it pertains to geopolitical relations in the Middle East. President Trump and many members of his administration, including AI and Crypto Czar David Sacks and Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent, traveled across the Middle East making deals with countries like Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Syria, and others. Many are speculating that Iran may be included in some behind the scenes deal as well. This trip to the Middle East makes sense considering the fact that China is also vying for favorable relationships with those countries. The Middle East is a power player in the world, and it seems pretty clear that Donald Trump is dead set on ensuring that they choose the United States over China as the world moves towards a more multi-polar reality.
Many are calling the events of this week the Riyadh Accords. There were many deals that were struck in relation to artificial intelligence, defense, energy and direct investments in the United States. A truly prolific power play and demonstration of deal-making ability of Donald Trump, if you ask me. Though I will admit some of the numbers that were thrown out by some of the countries were a bit egregious. We shall see how everything plays out in the coming years. It will be interesting to see how China reacts to this power move by the United States.
While all this was going on, there was something happening back in the United States that many people outside of fringe corners of FinTwit are not talking about, which is the fact that the 10-year and 30-year U.S. Treasury bond yields are back on the rise. Yesterday, they surpassed the levels of mid-April that caused a market panic and are hovering back around levels that have not been seen since right before Donald Trump's inauguration.
I imagine that there isn't as much of an uproar right now because I'm pretty confident the media freakouts we were experiencing in mid-April were driven by the fact that many large hedge funds found themselves off sides of large levered basis trades. I wouldn't be surprised if those funds have decreased their leverage in those trades and bond yields being back to mid-April levels is not affecting those funds as much as they were last month. But the point stands, the 10-year and 30-year yields are significantly elevated with the 30-year approaching 5%. Regardless of the deals that are currently being made in the Middle East, the Treasury has a big problem on its hands. It still has to roll over many trillions worth of debt over over the next few years and doing so at these rates is going to be massively detrimental to fiscal deficits over the next decade. The interest expense on the debt is set to explode in the coming years.
On that note, data from the first quarter of 2025 has been released by the government and despite all the posturing by the Trump administration around DOGE and how tariffs are going to be beneficial for the U.S. economy, deficits are continuing to explode while the interest expense on the debt has definitively surpassed our annual defense budget.
via Charlie Bilello
via Mohamed Al-Erian
To make matters worse, as things are deteriorating on the fiscal side of things, the U.S. consumer is getting crushed by credit. The 90-plus day delinquency rates for credit card and auto loans are screaming higher right now.
via TXMC
One has to wonder how long all this can continue without some sort of liquidity crunch. Even though equities markets have recovered from their post-Liberation Day month long bear market, I would not be surprised if what we're witnessing is a dead cat bounce that can only be continued if the money printers are turned back on. Something's got to give, both on the fiscal side and in the private markets where the Common Man is getting crushed because he's been forced to take on insane amounts of debt to stay afloat after years of elevated levels of inflation. Add on the fact that AI has reached a state of maturity that will enable companies to replace their current meat suit workers with an army of cheap, efficient and fast digital workers and it isn't hard to see that some sort of employment crisis could be on the horizon as well.
Now is not the time to get complacent. While I do believe that the deals that are currently being made in the Middle East are probably in the best interest of the United States as the world, again, moves toward a more multi-polar reality, we are facing problems that one cannot simply wish away. They will need to be confronted. And as we've seen throughout the 21st century, the problems are usually met head-on with a money printer.
I take no pleasure in saying this because it is a bit uncouth to be gleeful to benefit from the strife of others, but it is pretty clear to me that all signs are pointing to bitcoin benefiting massively from everything that is going on. The shift towards a more multi-polar world, the runaway debt situation here in the United States, the increasing deficits, the AI job replacements and the consumer credit crisis that is currently unfolding, All will need to be "solved" by turning on the money printers to levels they've never been pushed to before.
Weird times we're living in.
China's Manufacturing Dominance: Why It Matters for the U.S.
In my recent conversation with Lyn Alden, she highlighted how China has rapidly ascended the manufacturing value chain. As Lyn pointed out, China transformed from making "sneakers and plastic trinkets" to becoming the world's largest auto exporter in just four years. This dramatic shift represents more than economic success—it's a strategic power play. China now dominates solar panel production with greater market control than OPEC has over oil and maintains near-monopoly control of rare earth elements crucial for modern technology.
"China makes like 10 times more steel than the United States does... which is relevant in ship making. It's relevant in all sorts of stuff." - Lyn Alden
Perhaps most concerning, as Lyn emphasized, is China's financial leverage. They hold substantial U.S. assets that could be strategically sold to disrupt U.S. treasury market functioning. This combination of manufacturing dominance, resource control, and financial leverage gives China significant negotiating power in any trade disputes, making our attempts to reshoring manufacturing all the more challenging.
Check out the full podcast here for more on Triffin's dilemma, Bitcoin's role in monetary transition, and the energy requirements for rebuilding America's industrial base.
Headlines of the Day
Financial Times Under Fire Over MicroStrategy Bitcoin Coverage - via X
Trump in Qatar: Historic Boeing Deal Signed - via X
Get our new STACK SATS hat - via tftcmerch.io
Johnson Backs Stock Trading Ban; Passage Chances Slim - via X
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@ 2e8970de:63345c7a
2025-06-03 17:33:37
https://www.wsj.com/finance/investing/wall-street-bond-market-us-debt-990e12e9?mod=hp_lead_pos7
https://stacker.news/items/996265
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@ 7f6db517:a4931eda
2025-06-04 12:04:49
Influencers would have you believe there is an ongoing binance bank run but bitcoin wallet data says otherwise.
- binance wallets are near all time highs
- bitfinex wallets are also trending up
- gemini and coinbase are being hit with massive withdrawals thoughYou should not trust custodians, they can rug you without warning. It is incredibly important you learn how to hold bitcoin yourself, but also consider not blindly trusting influencers with a ref link to shill you.
If you found this post helpful support my work with bitcoin.
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@ 58537364:705b4b85
2025-06-03 15:22:59
…. “คนเรา โดยเฉพาะสมัยนี้ พูดกันอีกที่หนึ่งก็พูดได้ว่า ถูกสร้างขึ้นมาด้วยหนังสือ, หนังสือมันสร้างคนขึ้นมา คือว่า..อ่านหนังสืออะไรมาก อ่านหนังสืออะไรมาก หนังสือนั้นก็สร้างคนคนนั้นขึ้นมา, สร้างจิตใจของคนนั้นขึ้นมา โดยไม่รู้สึก
…. ไปดูหนังสือที่เขาอ่าน อ่านมากที่สุด เราก็รู้ได้ว่า..คนนี้มีจิตใจเป็นอย่างไร. หนังสือที่นิยมสั่งกันมามาก ล้วนแต่เป็นหนังสือที่ยั่วยวนทางวัตถุ หรือลุ่มหลงทางวัตถุ : แล้วอย่างดีที่สุดก็เอามาให้เสียเวลา อ่านให้มันมึนหัวเล่น อย่างนั้นแหละ จนไม่มีเวลาที่จะไปอ่านหนังสือธรรมะที่แท้จริง เพราะว่ามีหนังสืออื่นมาก วางอยู่มาก ยั่วยวนให้อ่านมากกว่า
…. แม้แต่พระเณร ก็เป็นอย่างนี้ อ่านหนังสือพิมพ์, หรืออ่านหนังสือภาษา, เรียนภาษาต่างประเทศ หรือว่าเรียนวิชานั่น นี่ ล้วนแต่เป็นเรื่องวัตถุ เรื่องอาชีพ เรื่องความดีความเด่น ที่ฝันไว้ในจิตในใจ, ด้วยความหวังความทะเยอทะยานทั้งนั้น แล้วจะเอากําลังใจ หรือมันสมอง หรืออะไรที่ไหนมาเข้าใจ ธรรมะ ธัมโม ได้
…. ทีนี้ ยิ่งนอกวัดออกไป ก็ยิ่งไกลไปใหญ่ : หอสมุดของมหาวิทยาลัย, หอสมุดของชาติ ของอะไร ก็ล้วนแต่เป็น “หอสมุดของซาตาน” มากยิ่งขึ้นเท่านั้น เพราะไปมีมันขึ้น หรือสร้างมันไว้ ด้วยความอยากดีอยากเด่น ด้วยความอยากที่จะร่ำรวยวัตถุทั้งนั้น ฉะนั้น จึงมีผลทําให้คนทั้งโลกนี้เป็นทาสของวัตถุ พร้อมที่จะสร้างวิกฤตการณ์ ขึ้นในโลกในอนาคต
…. แล้วรองลงมาจากนั้น ก็คือ มันมากจนทําให้เวียนหัว เป็น..“บ้าหอบฟาง”; อย่างที่ว่าแล้วว่าเล่า ว่าเป็นบ้าหอบฟาง, รู้อะไรท่วมหัวก็เอาตัวไม่รอด, เรียนจบมหาวิทยาลัยแล้ว ก็ยังไม่รู้ว่าเกิดมาทําไม ?, เรียนมหาวิทยาลัยจบแล้ว อ่านหนังสือในห้องสมุดของมหาวิทยาลัยจบแล้ว ก็ยังเป็นเด็กอมมือ ไม่รู้ว่า.. “กูนี่ เกิดมาทําไม ?”. ดูซิ!, แล้วจะเรียกว่า “อุดมศึกษา” ได้อย่างไรกัน ? แม้แต่เกิดมาทําไม? ก็ยังไม่รู้ นี่การศึกษาสมัยนี้ หอสมุดหรือห้องสมุดของสมัยนี้ มันเป็นอย่างนี้
…. ทีนี้ เมื่อไม่รู้ว่าเกิดมาทําไม ? มันก็ไม่มีอะไร นอกจากเป็นทาสของวัตถุ ที่หวังว่าจะสนุกสนาน เอร็ดอร่อย มีเกียรติ มีอํานาจวาสนา มีอะไรไปทํานองนั้น นี่แหละ คือการตกเป็นทาสของวัตถุ การตกเป็นทาสของอายตนะ คือ ตา หู จมูก ลิ้น กาย ใจ การเล่าเรียนศึกษาขวนขวายนั้น เพื่อจะเป็นทาส ของ ตา หู จมูก ลิ้น กาย ใจ ในการที่จะแสวงหาความสนุกสนาน เอร็ดอร่อย ทางเนื้อทางหนัง มีเท่านี้ การศึกษาและห้องสมุด” . พุทธทาสภิกขุ ที่มา : ธรรมบรรยายชุดชุมนุมล้ออายุ หัวข้อเรื่อง “ยิ่งจะทำให้ดี โลกมันยิ่งบ้า” บรรยาย ณ ลานหินโค้ง กัณฑ์ค่ำ เมื่อวันที่ ๒๗ พฤษภาคม ๒๕๑๓ จากหนังสือชุดธรรมโฆษณ์ เล่มชื่อว่า “ชุมนุมล้ออายุ เล่ม ๑” หน้า ๕๑๒-๕๑๓
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@ bc6ccd13:f53098e4
2025-06-04 00:11:20
If you haven’t read part 1 of this article, you should start there. This second part will build on the information I presented in part one. I’m going beyond just presenting the facts, to try and break down the broader principles behind what makes the Amish culture exceptional and whether any of those principles can be applied to solve the challenges facing the broader cultural landscape.
nostr:naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzp0rve5f6xtu56djkfkkg7ktr5rtfckpun95rgxaa7futy86npx8yqqj8g6r994sk66tndqkkvetjw35kc6t50ykk66tjv93kcefd9pcxzun595cjjn8l4yn
It wasn’t so long ago that the mainstream conversation around population was exclusively focused on the dangers of overpopulation. The fatal flaws in the Malthusian theory had yet to be disproven clearly and obviously by observable demographic trends. That’s been gradually changing, and while it’s hardly a mainstream consensus, concerns about falling birthrates and the risk of population collapse have taken over the population conversion on the political right, and sometimes beyond.
In part 1, I walked through the life of a typical Amish person, male or female, and attempted to highlight some specific characteristics of their culture that contribute to their default large family size. I’m of course making some assumptions in doing that, and you might disagree with my opinion on the relative impact of various cultural factors. But in general, I don’t think I made too many unreasonable inferences. I laid out the facts as clearly as possible, and didn’t go too far beyond that.
In this part, I want to go beyond the facts and into the realm of hypothesis and speculation. That means I don’t have scientific studies or hard data to categorically prove my points. So if you disagree, you’re absolutely welcome to do so, but don’t expect me to tenaciously defend my opinions with reams of hard data and irrefutable evidence. My purpose is to expand the conversation, not to present a definite solution to any perceived problem.
Is there a problem to solve?
For starters, not everyone agrees that globally collapsing fertility is, in fact, a problem to be solved. Although that’s definitely the dominate consensus in the alternative media space, and is reaching a wider audience thanks to the attention of figures like Elon Musk, the average normie still believes the debunked Malthusian hypothesis that human population is on an exponential trajectory to disaster. They’re more likely to view a collapsing global population as a good thing than as an unmitigated disaster in the making. If that’s your view, you aren’t likely to find my writing particularly compelling. But if you are interested in challenging that belief, I point out some of the potential implications of population collapse here.
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If you’re already convinced that global below-replacement fertility is a problem to solve, then you’re in the right place.
Is there a solution?
The modern mind rarely stops to evaluate this question. As soon as a problem is presented, we immediately jump to searching for the ideal solution. That’s a foolish, and occasionally catastrophic, mistake. Before searching for a solution, it’s worth considering whether the possibility of a solution even exists, and more importantly, whether a potential solution would have unintended consequences less severe than the problem it’s intended to solve.
Often those questions can’t be answered until some attempts to find a solution have been made. But we should keep them at the top of our minds throughout the search. Otherwise we can easily find ourselves genetically modifying generally harmless diseases in the lab to make them deadly to humans as we search for a “solution” to disease, or cutting down and burning trees to produce electricity as we attempt to “solve” the climate.
When it comes to global fertility, I’ll give you my conclusion first. Yes, there are solutions to this problem. No, they almost certainly won’t be adopted on a large scale. And I’m not sure if that should be considered a failure.
That’s because of the nature of the problem. People act according to incentives. When global population was growing exponentially, that was because of the incentive structures influencing the choices of each individual. Now that the fertility rate has dropped dramatically, and global population is set to peak and collapse, that’s also because of the incentive structures influencing the choices of each individual. Globally.
That means something happened over the past few centuries that upset historical incentive structures globally. There’s every reason to believe that whatever happened was largely an emergent phenomenon. If it was, resetting the incentive structures would mean imposing, somehow, an incentive structure diametrically opposed to the naturally emergent structure. That somehow gives me pause. How certain are we that overruling a global emergent phenomenon is even possible, and if it were, less destructive than the alternative?
Because logically, the current trajectory will become unsustainable at some point. Fertility can’t continue to fall indefinitely, that trend ends in total extinction. So that leaves two alternative outcomes, absent the kind of global intervention I alluded to. One, it does continue to fall, and humans go extinct. I write that one off because it doesn’t align with my worldview, so as far as I’m concerned I know it won’t happen. You’re free to disagree. Or two, fertility continues to fall until the negative effects of falling population destroy the new global incentive structure of the past few centuries through the partial or total collapse of the emergent phenomenon underlying that structure. If you identify what you think that emergent phenomenon is, and conclude that it’s “too big to fail”, you should probably use some imagination and reconsider.
To take it one step further for the really esoteric thinkers, maybe the whole thing is less of a new concept and more of a certain phase of a larger cycle humans keep repeating throughout history. I’ll leave that one to your imagination.
What can we learn about potential solutions from the Amish?
Like I mentioned in part 1, looking at a group like the the Amish in this context is particularly useful. They exist as a sub-group within a larger environment, so that allows us to eliminate a lot of incorrect theories based on their similar circumstances. The Amish live on the same planet, breathe the same air, drink the same water, eat similar food, buy homes in the same housing market, work in the same labor market, etc. That casts significant doubt on a number of very popular theories on why people in America aren’t reproducing.
That leaves us to focus on the significant differences between Amish culture and mainstream American culture with full confidence that the real answer lies somewhere in those differences.
The structure of this article will be something of a stream-of-consciousness. I’m not going to attempt to isolate and breakdown every aspect of Amish culture independent of the whole, because that won’t be useful or accurate. I’m convinced that the factors influencing Amish fertility are best understood as parts of a larger structure, and not as cumulative independent variables. So I’m going to start by taking a birds-eye view of that structure, and then zooming in on how the various pieces support the whole.
Throughout the past few months, I’ve read a lot of material on this topic as I researched and refined my conclusions. To give credit where credit is due, I haven’t found anyone who expresses a view as coherent as the one Johann Kurtz gives in his article
https://becomingnoble.substack.com/p/its-embarrassing-to-be-a-stay-at
This is an excellent and well-thought-out piece, and one that’s rightfully gotten a lot of attention in the alternative media space. It’s only with a great deal of respect and serious hesitation that I disagree with any aspect of his work, and I do so in a spirit of advancing the intellectual discourse rather than any delusions of my superior knowledge or abilities as an author.
The role of status
The primary thesis of Mr. Kurtz’s article is that declining fertility is a consequence of a decline in the status of motherhood compared to the status afforded by various alternative life paths. While it wasn’t the only point I made in part 1 of this article, I did mention the relative status of parenthood within the Amish culture in various contexts. And a few months of research and reflection have convinced me that status is the correct starting point for understanding fertility, both within Amish culture and also more broadly. On that point, Mr. Kurtz and I fully agree. He says,
Specifically, I contend that the basic epistemological assumptions which underpin modern civilization result in the net status outcome of having a child being lower than the status outcomes of various competing undertakings, and that this results in a population-wide hyper-sensitivity to any and all adverse factors which make having children more difficult, whatever these may be in a given society.
That seems to me like a fair assessment of the situation.
And Mr. Kurtz mentions the Amish specifically, so he’s aware of their unusual pattern and has integrated that data into his hypothesis. I believe he’s correct in doing so.
With that said, I want to dive a little deeper into the idea of status and how it relates to the Amish specifically. I think they can give us some insights into the topic that make more sense of the broader cultural landscape.
First off, let’s define status. Mr. Kurtz lays it out this way.
Status, or ‘social status’, is a key field within sociology. The term denotes a universal set of human instincts and behaviors. Status describes the perceived standing of the individual within the group. It denotes their social value and their place within the formal and informal hierarchies which comprise a society. It finds expression in the behaviors of deference, access, inclusion, approval, acclaim, respect, and honor (and indeed in their opposites - rejection, ostracization, humiliation, and so forth).
Higher status individuals are trusted with influential decisions (power), participation in productive ventures (resources), social support (health), and access to desirable mates (reproduction).
Gaining status is a motivation for each individual to productively participate in society. Status is gained and maintained through approved behaviors (achievement, etiquette, defending the group) and through the possession of recognized ‘status symbols’ (titles, wealth, important physical assets).
As he points out, status is a relative game. One’s status is measured in relation to others in the group, not in relation to some objective metric.
In correctly understanding status, there’s a fine line between the concept of status as an end in itself, and status as a means to the benefits afforded by higher status. If there’s one fundamental complaint I have with Mr. Kurtz’s piece, it’s that he seems to lean too far into the concept of status as an end in itself. Taken to extremes, it’s the idea that status is somehow an arbitrary and external scale, and that if we can just manipulate or recreate that scale to place parenthood at the top, we can solve for higher fertility without changing any physical realities in the real world. I disagree with that concept of status.
If you look at the attributes of higher status, they’re all very much tangible, physical benefits. He lists four; power, resources, health, and reproduction. Power gives a person the ability to bend the behavior of others to their own tangible benefit. Access to resources is a direct physical benefit to a person’s survival and wellbeing. Health is also a direct physical benefit. And access to reproduction, while closely tied to emotional well-being, is also a distinctly physical benefit and one we’re hard-wired to respond to, given that the alternative is the end of that bloodline.
Along with that, there’s also the complex overlap between achievements that increase status and benefits conferred by higher status. If someone acquires a lot of wealth, that’s going to increase their relative status. But access to wealth-increasing opportunity is also a benefit of higher status. Similarly, acquiring a desirable mate definitely increases a person’s status. But achieving higher status by acquiring wealth also opens up the opportunity to attract a more desirable mate. All of these things are very closely entwined, and in my opinion, are the reason why status is such an existential concern. As Mr. Kurtz points out, a person can experience severe distress from loss of status, even if their own situation seems to be unchanged and they only lost status because others advanced faster. That makes sense when you consider that a relative loss of status still makes it more difficult to access the resources needed to maintain one’s status moving forward. So even if one’s absolute condition hasn’t changed, the fear that lower status could be the beginning of an irreversible downward spiral is very real.
With that in mind, I’m going to look at status in the Amish culture as closely tied to physical reality, and not only as a mental scoreboard to be manipulated at will.
In part 1, I mentioned status here.
When it comes to status, the benefits are just as clear. Amish life revolves around family, and nothing is higher status than a thriving family of your own.
That’s the bird’s-eye view of family and status in the Amish culture. But it’s not enough to stop there and say “we just need to create a status hierarchy that places motherhood at the top like the Amish have” and leave it at that. The important part is why the Amish status hierarchy, and the mainstream status hierarchy globally until 200 years ago, placed parenthood so high up the scale.
I don’t believe that hierarchies, including the status hierarchy, develop in a random way. I think they are, at least originally, rooted in physical realities. In other words, the status hierarchy elevates certain things because those things are useful markers of value to the group. Wealth is high-status because it implies competence and ability, which is a valuable asset to the group. Without competent people working hard and being productive, the group will be impoverished. Similarly, parenthood is high-status because reproduction is an existential concern for the group. Without it, the group goes extinct.
These status markers are enforced by the feedback loop of physical reality. If a group attempts to function with wealth way down at the bottom of their status hierarchy, the group will be poor and unsuccessful and will be dominated by a group with a functional status hierarchy. If a group attempts to function with parenthood way down at the bottom of their status hierarchy, as the mainstream culture is currently doing, they’ll go extinct and be replaced by the Amish. Hyperbolic, maybe, but I’m trying to illustrate the point. There may be a lag in the feedback loop, but reality is inevitable.
What keeps status hierarchies largely functional is that desirable behaviors tend to cluster. Incentive structures align to keep it that way. Working hard results in higher income, which increases status. Higher status and more disposable income are powerful motivators.
Beyond that, functional societies are incentivized to “help” the feedback loops of reality with social institutions. Honesty is important in maintaining a functional, productive high-trust society. So we put thieves in prison rather than letting them use their stolen wealth to increase their status, turning our society into South Africa and destroying our wealth to the point that we become globally non-competitive. These social institutions serve a very important purpose, but they begin to break down when the lag between cause and effect becomes too big for the average person to understand. At that point, they lose their public support and can no longer function, and shorter-term incentive structures “reset” the status hierarchy. Then we end up with things like a status hierarchy that no longer penalizes divorce, even though the long-term effects are devastating, because the average person can’t see past their own short-term incentives.
So let’s look at the Amish status hierarchy around family and children. Why is a large family still high-status in that culture?
One could first look at the effects of peer pressure and social conditioning. Most Amish children grow up in large families, surrounded by peers in equally large families. As they mature, they see their peers get married at a young age, and have children at a young age. Doing otherwise means swimming against the current, not fitting in with the group. And fitting in with the group is itself a kind of status marker.
While that’s certainly a powerful incentive, it doesn’t explain the difference between the Amish and broader culture. After all, that was everyone’s experience a few centuries ago at most. If inertia were enough to keep the Amish at a 6 TFR, why would everyone else fall below 2 over the same period? So while the lack of exposure to large families is a commonly invoked reason for falling birthrates, it doesn’t explain how we got here to begin with.
Mr. Kurtz has this to say about the changes brought about by the Enlightenment.
Thus the Enlightenment initially opened up new status opportunities for men (success) whilst undermining those that supported women (virtue). We all have a psychological need for status, and so it was only a matter of time before women demanded access to and participation within success games (education, commerce, politics, even sport). Unfortunately, accruing status through success games is time intensive, and unlike virtue games, trades off directly with fertility.
Over time, this set of status mechanics spread, intensified, and deepened, particularly during the process of urbanization during the Industrial Revolution. Ultimately this culminates in today, when the standard introductory question has become ‘What do you do?’. This is because the most effective way to gauge the status of one’s interlocutor is to understand their level of success within our meritocracy. Unfortunately, ‘I’m a mother’ is not a good answer to this question, because this conveys little status within a success framework, which is usually the operative one. Women are, understandably, hesitant to be continuously humiliated in this way, and will make whatever tradeoffs are necessary to ensure they have a better answer.
I think he’s onto something here. The Enlightenment did bring significant changes, and I want to zero in on the effects of the Industrial Revolution specifically. Prior to the Industrial Revolution, the family typically functioned as the primary economic unit. Wage labor was less common, and subsistence farming was widespread. In that system, every member of the family, and often the extended rather than the nuclear family, worked together to support the family unit. While there were gender roles, the husband and father’s work in the fields was less distinct from the wife and mother’s work in the home. Both often worked in directly complementary roles, for example the wife and daughters milking the cows while the father and sons fed, watered and cared for the animals. The “paid work” was just as often selling butter churned by the wife as selling grain the husband raised and harvested. There was not a distinct breadwinner versus homemaker role, all work was directly and clearly in support of the family as a whole. In that scenario, the question “what do you do?” would have been silly, and “I’m a mother” wouldn’t be fundamentally different than the husband’s answer of “I’m a farmer.” Status from an economic perspective would be clearly understood as a cooperative achievement. And since children were part of the economic unit, a large family had a very quick and direct economic feedback loop to higher status.
With the Industrial Revolution and the rise of wage labor, the primary economic unit became the individual rather than the family. Along with that came the invention of household appliances that drastically reduced the burden of domestic labor. Suddenly the financial status of the household was entirely dependent on the breadwinner. There’s no fundamental reason that should lower the status of the homemaking wife. As Mr. Kurtz pointed out, before the Enlightenment, a woman’s status was modified substantially by her husband’s status. And I would argue that’s still that case at the extremes. I doubt the wives of wealthy entrepreneurs and sports stars get asked “what do you do?” very often in their social circles. But what did happen is that the reduced burden of domestic labor gave women the potential to contribute to the family outside the homemaking role, and they began to demand more freedom and opportunity to do so. As they shifted more into that financial status hierarchy, it created a direct status tradeoff between career and children. Like Mr. Kurtz pointed out, “women demanded access to and participation within success games (education, commerce, politics, even sport)”.
The Amish managed to maintain the traditional status hierarchy by saying “no” to that demand. Amish women do not have independent access to education, commerce, politics, or sport. They don’t have the option of pursuing those status markers within the Amish culture.
As you can imagine, I don’t believe this approach will be implemented on a wider scale. I don’t see it happening across liberal democracies, since the bridge of universal suffrage has already been crossed.
The Amish maintain their social structure through their insular lifestyle and their severe ostracization of those who choose to leave. It’s a significant tradeoff to young people, so much so that most choose their family and community over the opportunities of the broader culture. The evidence shows that, given the opportunity with no significant tradeoff, most young women choose education and career over marriage and children.
Here’s the thing about this post-Enlightenment status hierarchy; it’s societal suicide. That much is obvious. So given that status hierarchies exist to serve group interests, this one is obviously terminally defective. So how did that happen? In my opinion, the underlying problem is that the lag time between anti-social behavior and its consequences has been inflated by the Industrial Revolution to the point that the social institutions meant to punish anti-social behavior have collapsed, and the short-term incentive structures now point away from parenthood.
The Amish have escaped that effect by creating a “moat” around their social group. Within that group, they artificially exclude certain things that aid and encourage anti-social behavior, and artificially enforce certain feedback loops that have become disconnected as a result of the Industrial Revolution.
I’ll give some examples.
One of the primary feedback loops for high fertility is that if you don’t have children, you have no one to care for you when you’re old and unable to work. In the bad old days of subsistence farming, there was no such thing as “saving for retirement”. Every year was a struggle for survival, and there were no functional financial instruments available to save and invest for decades in the future. The Industrial Revolution changed all that, and most importantly led to the creation of pensions and public welfare systems. Now anyone without children to care for them could be cared for in old age by one of these financial schemes. Did that fundamentally solve a problem? No, not at all. Look at the bankrupt state of global public pension schemes today, and the imminent collapse they face as the result of (checks notes)… too few young workers to support each retiree. Turns out, society actually does need everyone to have enough children to support them in old age. The Industrial Revolution just broke the direct feedback loop, so everyone doesn’t get to see the poor souls without children begging on the street or sent to the poorhouse in their old age, and can therefore conclude that not having children is a purely personal choice and won’t have any effect on their lifestyle at age 80. The Amish took a different approach. They are exempt from Social Security. They don’t pay into it, and they aren’t eligible to collect it. They can see from a young age that children care for and support their elderly parents. They know that if they don’t have children and grandchildren, their elderly years will be much more difficult and depressing. They don’t get fed any dishonest media narratives portraying some rosy alternative reality. The historical status hierarchy rewarding large families remains intact.
As another example, casual sex historically resulted in unplanned pregnancies, and without good employment opportunities or public welfare schemes, single mothers faced an extremely difficult life. With the invention of reliable contraceptives, legal abortion, good employment opportunities, court-mandated child support, and public welfare, casual sex no longer carries catastrophic consequences for women. Over the longer term, it leads to drastically reduced marriage rates, lower fertility rates, higher rates of single motherhood, dysfunctional children, and eventually societal collapse. The Amish fight this trend in various ways. First, the lack of employment opportunities for women means that they’re fundamentally dependent on family and community for support. And violating community expectations by engaging in sex outside of marriage puts that support in jeopardy. That’s a strong deterrent. The absence of sex education makes it much less likely that young people will feel comfortable engaging in casual sex without risking pregnancy, and much more likely that they’ll abstain altogether, given the significant social consequences. All on top of the religious teaching against it, which in my opinion is just additional icing on the cake. None of that does anything to diminish the human sex drive. So particularly for young men, that incentive structure makes early marriage a lot more appealing than it might otherwise be. Once again, the historical status hierarchy remains intact.
Another example would be lifestyle based. Although the Amish are no longer primarily subsistence farmers, they reject many of the modern conveniences that eliminated the labor involved in housework. Their insistence on distinctive clothing means the women still spend significant time sewing for the family. And all that clothing must be washed with much more primitive equipment than we’re accustomed to. Cooking is also more labor intensive, and eating out, ordering takeout, or buying prepared food are much less accepted. No microwave to heat up a TV dinner, or even last night’s leftovers. Gardening and preserving food is strongly encouraged. No vacuum cleaners for cleaning. Mowing the lawn might require a hand-pushed mechanical reel mower, not a ride-on garden tractor. The lack of cars makes staying home and caring for the household much less optional, for both men and women. And the large potential income disparity between men and women makes all men potentially attractive mates to all women. That eliminates the hypergamous trap we have now where the average man isn’t sufficiently high-status to attract the average woman, which leaves both groups single and frustrated while the majority of women chase an increasingly small group of men with the financial resources to actually improve their lifestyle. All those restrictions for the Amish make life much more comfortable as a team effort, for both men and women. Trying to do it all yourself would hardly be feasible. The alternative is to stay living at home with your parents, hardly a rewarding or high-status lifestyle in any cultural setting. In this case, the Amish have chosen to artificially restrict their access to the physical benefits of the Industrial Revolution. This is less about status, and more about creating conditions that make marriage a direct lifestyle benefit. Once again, it’s questionable whether all these modern technologies and conveniences can survive in an environment of collapsing global population. So the approach the Amish are taking may just be an artificial short-circuit of a feedback loop that will send us all back to the Dark Ages anyway. Regardless, they’ve managed to maintain the historical attractiveness of marriage, in this case by removing access to modern conveniences that allow us to effectively outsource labor in a way that makes the single lifestyle attractive. The attractive single lifestyle is largely historically unprecedented, and a direct result of the Industrial Revolution.
Many of the lifestyle choices of the Amish culture are less about direct effects, and more about maintaining the “moat” that keeps their culture somewhat isolated from the broader society. This makes a lot of sense when you understand that status is “the perceived standing of the individual within the group.” If you want to create your own status hierarchy, you have to create your own coherent group. The Amish severely restrict their exposure to the media and culture of the broader society. That’s a very effective way to maintain a coherent group. Amish young girls don’t feel the same pressure to pursue higher education and career over marriage and motherhood, because they don’t see a billion media references praising career and denigrating motherhood before they’re 18. And they don’t see a million “boss babes” on social media, TV, and Netflix shows flaunting the single lifestyle and bashing the patriarchy in heels. Instead, they see and hear their mothers, grandmothers, and aunts joyfully caring for and loving their large families, praised and supported by their devoted, hardworking husbands. The evidence shows that a free market in media doesn’t result in glowing depictions of parenthood that lead young people to reject career opportunities and pursue marriage instead. You can ask yourself why that might be, but that’s what history shows.
Across thousands of distinct cultural groups around the world, only a handful have rejected the dominant post-Enlightenment status hierarchy in favor of large families and traditional values. I’m not aware of any that managed it without significant insulation from the dominant culture. That tells me that the short-term incentive structure of modern society is more powerful than any historical cultural norms, and there is no passive solution that doesn’t involve collapse of that incentive structure and the civilization it rests on.
I could go into more detail on specifics of Amish culture and how they play into their status hierarchy. But you can read part 1 of the article and draw your own conclusions. I’m going to end with what’s sure to be a highly provocative list of requirements that would be necessary for the Amish status hierarchy to function across broader society. I don’t personally believe there’s any possibility of anything similar being widely adopted. And frankly, I don’t think it’s possible outside of a religious context, without the collapse of modern civilization as we know it. The collapse of modern civilization is the outcome I expect, although I’m happy to be proven wrong. So this is a philosophical exercise, not a policy prescription.
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End social acceptance of casual sex. Implement sever consequences for premarital sex or marital infidelity.
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End all forms of government financial support for the elderly. All elderly care is the responsibility of the family, or failing that, the church/community.
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End all government support for single mothers. Again, support for widows and those in other extenuating circumstances is the responsibility of the church/community.
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End all sex education in public schools. Sex education is the responsibility of the parents.
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Ban all forms of contraception, with significant penalties for violation.
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Ban abortion.
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Severely restrict access to higher education for women.
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End female participation in politics, including universal suffrage. One household, one vote. No voting by unmarried people, male or female.
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End the social and legal acceptance of divorce. No divorce permitted for any reason, and legal separation doesn’t allow for remarriage.
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End mandatory public education. Education is the responsibility of the parents.
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Ban negative messaging toward marriage and children in all forms of media.
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Severely restrict or outright eliminate social media platforms.
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Roll back child labor laws significantly.
I could add a few more, but I think that covers the essentials. If that sounds insane and offensive to you, I’m not shocked. This isn’t a policy prescription, and as I said at the beginning of the piece, I don’t necessarily believe that this is even a problem we should attempt to “fix”. The reason being, any government with the power to enforce these requirements on the world would be more concerning to me than the prospect of civilizational collapse itself. Civilization has collapsed before, many times throughout history. And we’ve always bounced back eventually. A global power of this magnitude might not be reversible.
But you should at least temper your shock and outrage with the realization that every item on that list was the accepted reality for most of human history, all the way up until the past few anomalous centuries.
My personal opinion is that too much obsession with this issue is probably a waste of time. Again, I don’t think any “solution” we come up with is likely to be less dangerous than the problem itself. I expect things to play out over a long period of time, and for the population decline to eventually degrade our interconnected, high-tech global civilization. Once many of the advances of the Industrial Revolution become widely unavailable, the natural incentive structures and status hierarchies will reemerge. And those incentive structures demand that men and women are natural allies, not enemies. We need each other, and the families we create together, to be a healthy, happy, flourishing, and productive society over the long term. If the prospect of losing our modern conveniences and going back to that world terrifies you, go befriend an Amish parent or grandparent. You’ll soon realize that they’re as happy and fulfilled in life as anyone you’ll ever meet. Life is a matter of perspective, not products. And my point in exploring this topic isn’t to spread doom, but to point out that we can make our own decisions and surround ourselves with like-minded people, and in doing so find peace and fulfillment in relationships and community instead of constantly chasing a dysfunctional, suicidal status hierarchy.
In conclusion, while writing this article, a stanza from Rudyard Kipling’s poem “The Gods of the Copybook Headings” kept coming to mind. It’s been over a hundred years since he penned these words, and the whole poem displays a prescience that’s positively uncanny. The seeds of the current issue were sown a long time ago, but there were people like him who saw the poisonous fruit coming even as the little plants were just emerging from the soil.
``` As I pass through my incarnations in every age and race, I make my proper prostrations to the Gods of the Market Place. Peering through reverent fingers I watch them flourish and fall, And the Gods of the Copybook Headings, I notice, outlast them all.
We were living in trees when they met us. They showed us each in turn That Water would certainly wet us, as Fire would certainly burn: But we found them lacking in Uplift, Vision and Breadth of Mind, So we left them to teach the Gorillas while we followed the March of Mankind.
We moved as the Spirit listed. They never altered their pace, Being neither cloud nor wind-borne like the Gods of the Market Place, But they always caught up with our progress, and presently word would come That a tribe had been wiped off its icefield, or the lights had gone out in Rome.
With the Hopes that our World is built on they were utterly out of touch, They denied that the Moon was Stilton; they denied she was even Dutch; They denied that Wishes were Horses; they denied that a Pig had Wings; So we worshipped the Gods of the Market Who promised these beautiful things.
When the Cambrian measures were forming, They promised perpetual peace. They swore, if we gave them our weapons, that the wars of the tribes would cease. But when we disarmed They sold us and delivered us bound to our foe, And the Gods of the Copybook Headings said: "Stick to the Devil you know."
On the first Feminian Sandstones we were promised the Fuller Life (Which started by loving our neighbour and ended by loving his wife) Till our women had no more children and the men lost reason and faith, And the Gods of the Copybook Headings said: "The Wages of Sin is Death."
In the Carboniferous Epoch we were promised abundance for all, By robbing selected Peter to pay for collective Paul; But, though we had plenty of money, there was nothing our money could buy, And the Gods of the Copybook Headings said: "If you don't work you die."
Then the Gods of the Market tumbled, and their smooth-tongued wizards withdrew, And the hearts of the meanest were humbled and began to believe it was true That All is not Gold that Glitters, and Two and Two make Four– And the Gods of the Copybook Headings limped up to explain it once more.
As it will be in the future, it was at the birth of Man There are only four things certain since Social Progress began. That the Dog returns to his Vomit and the Sow returns to her Mire, And the burnt Fool's bandaged finger goes wabbling back to the Fire;
And that after this is accomplished, and the brave new world begins When all men are paid for existing and no man must pay for his sins, As surely as Water will wet us, as surely as Fire will burn, The Gods of the Copybook Headings with terror and slaughter return! ```
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